Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „1875-1928”

The final phase of Venizelism (1928–1933) has traditionally been considered as a period of considerable foreign policy accomplishments (e.g. friendship treaties with Italy, Yugoslavia and Turkey). Yet despite the attention which has been paid to these agreements, the period was clearly marked by the government's drive towards internal infrastructural changes via its commitment to extensive public works programmes. This effort necessitated a huge influx of capital from abroad; in fact, in the period between 1924 and 1931 more money entered the country than at any time since 1875–90. In this context, Britain's influential role was further enhanced as a result of the indispensability of the London credit market, and her financial presence in Greece was to set the tone and pace of Anglo-Greek relations. Probably no institution reflected this uneven relation more accurately than the International Financial Commission (I.F.C).

Steinberger Sarolta (1875–1966) szülész-nőgyógyász, az első nő, aki diplomát kapott a budapesti egyetemen. 1875. szeptember 12-én született Tiszaújlakon, egy jómódú zsidó család hetedik gyermekeként. Magánúton végezte el a gimnáziumi tanulmányait és érettségizett a kolozsvári Református Kollégiumban. Ferenc József 1895. november 18-án kelt „legfelsőbb rendelete,” valamint Wlassics Gyula vallás- és közoktatásügyi miniszter 1895. december 19-én tartott királyi leirata lehetővé tette a nők felvételét az orvostudományi, bölcsészettudományi és gyógyszerészi tanulmányokra az egyetemeken. A rendelet utat nyitott Steinberger Sarolta előtt is, akit 1900. november 3-án avattak fel első magyar Pesten végzett orvosnőként. Ezután külföldön folytatta a szülészet és a nőgyógyászat tanulmányait, de balneológusként is dolgozott a Kárpátalja középső részén található Visk Gyógyfürdőben. Hazatérése után orvosként kezdett dolgozni a Tauffer Klinikán. Az alapítóról, Tauffer Vilmosról elnevezett klinika 1881-ben kezdte meg működését, később 1898-ban az épület egy újabb szárnnyal bővült. Később 1928-ban kinevezték az Országos Társadalombiztosítási Intézet (OTI) főorvosává. 1944-ig töltötte be ezt a tisztséget. 1944-től haláláig. 1966. november 24-én nyugdíjba ment, mely időszakot a pesthidegkúti otthonában töltött. Egész életében kiváló orvos volt, de folyamatosan küzdenie kellett a különböző formákban megnyilvánuló megkülönböztetés ellen, mint nő, mint egy zsidó ember, mint egy „aggszűz”, ami egész életét végigkísérte. Fotó: Radnóti Zoltán: A legújabbkori Sára élete – Az életet adó – (Életmesék XV.)

O presente artigo pretende traçar um breve panorama da imagem do cisne no contexto da poética simbolista, partindo, no entanto, da sua presença na literatura e na mitologia grega antiga, com a qual o simbolismo dialoga. Volta-se, então, à emblemática imagem do cisne presente no poema “Le Vierge, le vivace et le bel aujourd’hui”, de Stéphane Mallarmé (1842-1898), lido em diálogo com os poemas “L’Albatros” e “Le Cygne”, de Charles Baudelaire (1821-1867), com os sonetos “Sobre o cisne de Stéphane Mallarmé” e “O cisne e o lago”, de Eduardo Guimaraens (1892-1928), e com o conto de fadas “O patinho feio”, de Hans Christian Andersen (1805-1875), na tentativa de mostrar transformações e nuances pelas quais esse símbolo passou ao longo dos séculos, sua permanência e sua continuidade no Zeitgeist oitocentista e a relação que estabelece com a tradição.

Objetivo: Analizar el desarrollo histórico de la primera Escuela Normal para Maestras de Párvulos, creada en 1928 en la ciudad Capital de Guatemala, como entidad emblemática en la formación de maestras de preprimaria a nivel nacional.
 Originalidad/aporte: este proceso de investigación sigue la línea de la recuperación de la parte histórica y busca visibilizar la experiencia vivida en las diferentes etapas del desarrollo formativo, haciendo hincapié en la evolución curricular y en la importancia de continuar con la formación de calidad para maestras de preprimaria. La historia de las escuelas normales en Guatemala data de 1875 con el inicio de la Escuela Normal Central para Varones. Posteriormente se crearon otras que contribuyeron en la formación de docentes y especialmente la que hoy es objeto de investigación; la Escuela Normal para Maestras de Párvulos “Dr. Alfredo Carrillo Ramírez” institución educativa que fue la primera en su género partir de 1928.
 Método: se siguió el método cualitativo con revisión documental, por medio de fuentes primarias, acudiendo a la parte hemerográfica y a una entrevista con un directivo que ha tenido relación directa con el quehacer docente y administrativo de este establecimiento educativo.
 Estrategias/recolección de información: se procedió a la revisión de documentos inéditos y bibliografía relacionada con la historia de la Educación en Guatemala, e información base sobre el acontecer de la Escuela Normal a partir de 1928. Así mismo, se procedió a la estructuración de un instrumento para el desarrollo de la entrevista con el personal directivo a partir de preguntas semiestructuradas.
 Conclusiones: la primera Escuela Normal para Maestras de Párvulos ha sido un bastión experiencial en el sistema educativo guatemalteco, sus aportes han sido ejemplos valiosos en la formación docente y en la ampliación de cobertura para la atención de niños y niñas del nivel preprimario.

Budowa pierwszych organów w stradomskim kościele rozpoczęła się nie wcześniej niż w 1732 r., a zakończyła przed 1745 r. Nazwisko organmistrza pozostaje nieznane. Z biegiem lat instrument, który pierwotnie miał 17 głosów, był wielokrotnie naprawiany. W 1827 r. Piotr Radwański otrzymał zapłatę za remont. W latach 1845-1848 za regencyjną obudową XVIII-wiecznych organów wybudował nowy, krakowski Ignacy Wojciechowski, z 12 głosami i jednym manuałem z pedałem. W latach 1874-1892 organami opiekował się Tomasz Wojciechowski, syn Ignacego. Przed 1875 r. wybudowano jeszcze jeden głos, a w 1901 r. miał miejsce remont przeprowadzony przez Tomasza Falla ze Szczyrzyca. W latach 20. XX w. Stanisław Żebrowski z Krakowa naprawił najpierw miechy (w 1921 r.), a następnie organy (w 1928 r.) i dodał kilka nieokreślonych piszczałek. W latach 1962-1963 firma Wacława Biernackiego z Krakowa zbudowała nowy instrument z XVIII-wiecznej obudowy i części piszczałek z poprzednich organów.

The article is devoted to one of the most interesting personalities in the history of Russian railways – railway engineer Alexander Nikolaevich Kulakov (1875–1928), a prominent specialist in the field of construction and rehabilitation of railways. From 1898 to 1918, he worked on the Nikolaev, Chinese-Eastern, Ryazan-Ural, Warsaw-Vienna, Podolsk, South-Western railways, having gained vast experience in the field of restructuring, construction, restoration of the road and artificial structures in the Russian-Japanese, World War I and the Civil War. The personality of the railway engineer Kulakov is an example of courage and loyalty to his profession in Yugoslavia, where he was forced to emigrate after the end of the Civil War in Russia. The author analyzes the surviving documents of the personal fund transferred to the Central Museum of Railway Transport of Russia and archival materials of the Russian State Historical Archive, on the basis of which the biographical article was prepared.

Two micropterous and locally endemic species of Bellatheta Roubal, 1928 and four of Atheta Thomson, 1858, subgenus Microdota Mulsant & Rey, 1873, from China are described and illustrated: Bellatheta qiliana spec. nov. (Qinghai, Gansu); B. aucticeps spec. nov. (Yunnan: Gaoligong Shan); Atheta (Microdota) clarata spec. nov. (Yunnan: Gaoligong Shan); A. (M.) minica spec. nov. (Sichuan: Songpan env.); A. (M.) qinlingica spec. nov. (Shaanxi: Qinling Shan); A. (M.) biformis spec. nov. (Gaoligong Shan). New illustrations are provided for two previously described Microdota species. One genus-group and one species-group synonymy are proposed: Bellatheta Roubal, 1928 = Oroekklina Pace, 1999, syn. nov.; Atheta (Microdota) amischoides Assing, 2006 = A. (M.) wuliangensis Pace, 2017, syn. nov. Five new combinations are proposed: Bellatheta daxuensis (Pace, 1999), comb. nov., B. excaecata (Assing, 2009), comb. nov., B. proiecta (Assing, 2002), comb. nov., B. smetanai (Pace, 2004), comb. nov. (all of them previously in Oroekklina), and Franzidota geostiboides (Assing, 2011), comb. nov. (ex Platyola Mulsant & Rey, 1875). Additional records of two species of Bellatheta and of five species of Microdota are reported from China. Catalogues of the Bellatheta species and the micropterous Microdota species recorded from China are provided. Including the new species and synonymies, 15 species of Bellatheta, seven of them micropterous, and 85 of Microdota, 19 of them micropterous, have been reported from China. The Microdota fauna of Taiwan is composed of 13 species, four of them micropterous. The distributions of the micropterous Bellatheta species of China are mapped.
 Taxonomic acts
 Bellatheta qiliana spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F391FF78-2A4B-4BEA-BB85-85AC8E30FE70Bellatheta aucticeps spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1A3E6AAA-2C3C-44B8-A911-4F1246774075Atheta clarata spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EE3C4E47-FEAB-413A-81C7-A063529A5235Atheta minica spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E325AF25-C1DD-441C-B7D5-AB2ACF109581Atheta qinlingica spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1590B986-DE95-458C-AFE3-71CC51AB4106Atheta biformis spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:30A8940E-5B8A-4E27-997F-777E8FFF3E80

The genus Quasipaa (Family Dicroglossidae) is currently composed of 11 species distributed in China and Southeast Asia: Quasipaa acanthophora (Dubois & Ohler 2009), Q. boulengeri (Günther 1889), Q. courtoisi (Angel 1922), Q. delacouri (Angel 1928), Q. exilispinosa (Liu & Hu, 1975), Q. fasciculispina (Inger 1970), Q. jiulongensis (Huang & Liu, 1985), Q. shini (Ahl 1930), Q. spinosa (David 1875), Q. verrucospinosa (Bourret 1937), Q. yei (Chen, Qu & Jiang 2002) (Frost 2016). These species are morphologically similar, and their taxonomy is subject to controversy (Che et al. 2009). Analyses of nuclear and mitochondrial genes suggest the genus likely encompass additional cryptic species (Ye et al. 2013). Bioacoustics has contributed to studies on the taxonomy of the genus (Ye et al. 2013; Shen et al. 2015), however, to date, only the advertisement calls of Q. spinosa are known (Yu & Zheng 2009; Chen et al. 2012; Shen et al. 2015). Here, we describe the advertisement calls of Q. shini, which inhabits streams in the southern part of central China(Guizhou, Hunan, Guangxi and Jiangxi) and is characterized by the presence of keratinized skin spines on the lateral surfaces of the body.

The Cultural Policy of Kuno Klebelsberg and the Higher Education. The study presents the higher education policy of one of the best known and succesful Hungarian Minister of Religion and Education (1922–1931) Kuno Klebelsberg (1875–1932). As a politician of a state dismembered to one third of her original size-a consequence of the war loss and the Trianon peace treaty-he became a minister in miserable economic circumstances. With the contribution of him the stabilization of so-called refugee universities (from Kolozsvár and Pozsony to Budapest and then to Szeged [1921] and to Pécs [1923], the Academy of Minery and Forestry from Selmecbánya to Sopron [1918–1919]) could succesfuly be managed. Because of his conservative-liberal political attitude he tried to ease the effects of the so-called Numerus clausus Acts of 1920 which made the university entrance for Jewish Hungarians extremely serious. In 1928 he achieved the modification of that regulation. Instead of Budapest he supported the development of universities of Debrecen, Szeged and Pécs as a consequence of his well-grounded education policy based on decentralization. With his higher education policy he made great contribution to preserve the pre Great War Hungarian higher educational capacity in a dismembered Hungary lost 60% of her original population.

Lajos Lévy (Budapest, 1875 - London, April 7, 1961) was not a practising psychoanalyst, nevertheless, he played an important role in the history of Hungarian psychoanalysis. He studied medicine at the universities of Budapest, Vienna and Tübingen. After graduating, he was engaged in Heidelberg for a few years. Returning home, he became a student and friend of Béla Székács at Rókus Hospital, served for a while for the Worker's Insurance Institute then he was appointed to the chief internist of Mária Valéria Military Hospital and Zita Military Hospital. Since 1928 he was employed by the most developed Hungarian health facility of that age, the Jewish Hospital, where he served first as a chief physician, later on however he headed the whole institute. While having recognised the importance of electrocardiography, he was among the first physicians who arranged an electrocardiographic laboratory in Hungary. He was the editor of the progressive medical weekly Gyógyászat, on pages of which he propagated successfully the psychoanalysis and psychosomatics. After his retirement (1945) he suffered from depression. Later on, he emigrated to the UK to his brother and sister. His 6000-volume library was nationalised. He died in London from heart disease. This study is the ever published and most detailed biography of Lajos Lévy.

SUMMARY The impact Ferdinand de Saussure’sCours de linguistique générale(1916) had on Dutch linguistics in the 1930s and 1940s has not yet become the object of a thorough investigation. It can be pointed out, however, that in the interwar period Dutch reactions to theCourswere of a mixed character. When one finds Saussure’s book referred to by leading Dutch linguists such as Etsko Kruisinga (1875–1944), H. J. Pos (1898–1955) and A. W. de Groot (1892–1963), the question should be asked to what extent theCourswas seen as a new and important specimen of linguistic theorizing. Moreover, it can be argued that several Dutch linguists felt themselves to be in a different linguistic tradition. Such is definitely the case with Jac. van Ginneken (1877–1945). He took part in the organization of the first international congress of linguists (1928) and the first international phonetic congress (1932). Although critical of theCours, he sympathized with the Prague approach to phonology, of which he was one of the early propagandists in Western Europe. However, he did not become a confirmed structuralist. Practising a holistic approach to language and culture he felt more affinity with the ‘Neolinguists’, and tended to revert to 19th-century thinkers such as Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835), as some of his papers clearly show. In an intriguing posthumous essay,Het mysterie der menschelijke taal(‘The mystery of human language’, 1946), Van Ginneken acknowledged that over the years language had become a mystery to him.RÉSUMÉ La réception duCours de linguistique générale(1916) de Ferdinand de Saussure parmi les linguistes néerlandais de l’entre deux-guerres n’a toujours pas fait l’objet d’une étude approfondie. Afin de remédier à cet état de choses, nous présentons dans cet article un premier aperçu des réactions fort diverses de quelques linguistes néerlandais, nous limitant à leurs publications des années trente et quarante du siècle dernier. Afin d’expliquer cet accueil réservé auCours de linguistique généralenous montrons que plusieurs de ces linguistes ont bien plus d’affinités avec la tradition humboldtienne qu’avec le structuralisme saussurien. Ainsi, lisant les oeuvres des chefs de file comme Etsko Kruisinga (1875–1944), H. J. Pos (1898–1955) et A. W. de Groot (1892–1963), on peut se demander dans quelle mesure ces linguistes considèrent leCourscomme une oeuvre innovatrice et importante en matière de theorie linguistique. Cela vaut aussi pour Jac. van Ginneken (1877–1945), qui faisait partie du comité organisateur du Premier congrès international de linguistes (1928) ainsi que du Premier congrès international de phonétique (1932). Van Ginneken reconnaît l’importance de la phonologie de l’Ecole de Prague, et est certes parmi les premiers à la faire connaître en Europe occidentale, sans jamais pour autant devenir un structuraliste convaincu. Son approche holiste du langage et de la culture s’apparente plutôt à la tradition des ‘néolinguistes’ Dans certaines publications il tend manifestement à reprendre les idées des penseurs du XIXe siècle comme Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835). A cet égard, dans “Het mysterie der menschelijke taal” (‘Le Mystère du langage humain’), une étonnante étude posthume, Van Ginneken reconnaît qu’avec le temps le langage était devenu pour lui un mystère.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Der Einfluß von Ferdinand de SaussuresCours de linguistique générale(1916) auf die niederländische Sprachwissenschaft in den dreißiger und vierziger Jahren wurde bisher noch nicht gründlich erforscht. Es gibt allerdings Anhaltspunkte dafür, daß die niederländischen Reaktionen auf denCoursin der Zeit zwischen den beiden Weltkriegen unterschiedlichen Charakters waren. Wenn führende niederländische Sprachwissenschaftler wie Etsko Kruisinga (1875–1944), H. J. Pos (1898–1955) und A. W. de Groot (1892–1963) auf de Saussures’ Buch verweisen, sollte man sich fragen, inwiefern derCoursals neues und wichtiges Beispiel sprachwissenschaftlichen Theoretisierens betrachtet wurde. Dem gegenüber könnte man sogar vorbringen, daß mehrere niederländische Sprachwissenschaftler in einer anderen sprachwissenschaftlichen Tradition standen. Dies ist zweifellos der Fall bei Jac. van Ginneken (1877–1945). Er beteiligte sich an der Organisation des ersten internationalen Linguistenkongresses (1928) und des ersten internationalen Phonetikkongresses (1932). Obwohl er demCourskritisch begegnete, sympathisierte er mit der Prager Phonologie, zu deren frühen Verfechtern in Westeuropa er gehörte. Zu einem überzeugten Strukturalisten wurde er allerdings nicht. Aus einem holistischen Ansatz Sprache und Kultur gegenüber fühlte er sich mehr den ‘Neolinguisten’ verwandt und neigte dazu, zu Denkern des 19. Jhs. wie Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835) zurückzukehren, wie einige seiner Artikel deutlich machen. In einem faszinierenden postumen Aufsatz, “Het mysterie der menschelijke taal” (‘Das Mysterium der menschlichen Sprache’), gesteht van Ginneken ein, daß Sprache ihm im Laufe der Zeit die Sprache zu einem Mysterium geworden sei.

Polscy przyrodnicy: Konstanty Jelski (1837–1896), Jan Sztolcman (1854–1928) oraz Jan Kalinowski (1857–1941) działali w Peru w drugiej połowie XIX oraz na początku XX wieku. Jelski przebywał w Peru w latach 1869–1879, Sztolcman dwukrotnie w latach 1875–1881 i 1882–1884, Kalinowski zaś przybył w 1889 roku i pozostał w tym kraju aż do śmierci. Ich pobyt miał na celu zebranie bogatej, mało znanej fauny, głównie ptaków, a prace tych przyrodników były sponsorowane przez rodzinę Branickich. Zebrane okazy fauny były przesyłane do Warszawskiego Gabinetu Zoologicznego zarządzanego przez W. Taczanowskiego oraz do prywatnego muzeum Branickich przy Frascati. Materiały zebrane przez polskich przyrodników wzbogaciły zbiory wielu instytucji naukowych w Polsce, również tych zagranicznych. Okazy fauny były podstawą do opisu wielu nowych gatunków nieznanych nauce. Nazwiska polskich przyrodników są znane do dziś specjalistom od fauny i flory neotropikalnej. Pojawiają się często w nazwach nowych gatunków opisanych na podstawie odkrytych przez nich okazów. Przesłane z Peru zbiory uczyniły Warszawski Gabinet Zoologiczny ośrodkiem badań neotropikalnej awifauny na światowym poziomie, a kolekcja ta była konsultowana przez specjalistów z całej Europy. Ptaki z Peru stanowiły podstawę opracowania monografii Ornithologie du Pérou W. Taczanowskiego. Kolekcje oraz obserwacje Jelskiego i Sztolcmana wniosły znaczący wkład w przygotowanie dzieła A. Raimondiego El Peru. Sztolcman opublikował dwutomowe dzieło Peru. Wspomnienia z podróży z mapą stanowiące ważny wkład Polski w poznawanie tego kraju. Ptaki i ssaki zebrane przez Kalinowskiego w Peru wzbogaciły kolekcje muzeów w Limie, Waszyngtonie, Londynie, Warszawie.

Os editoriais circulam amplamente na esfera jornalística desde a criação da imprensa no Brasil e como textos essenciais para a demarcação de um posicionamento oficial da empresa, seguem uma tradição contínua de aparecimento nos diversos jornais do país. Sabemos, no entanto, que os textos que circularam na primeira fase jornalística do Brasil não são iguais aos textos mais modernos em função de fatores pragmáticos, linguístico-discursivos e estruturais. Dessa forma, partimos dos pressupostos da linguística românica coseriana, que tem como fio condutor a ideia que os textos têm uma historicidade própria (COSERIU, 1979) e da qual pode haver características contínuas e outras descontínuas, para avaliar o adjetivo como marca de Tradição Discursiva no texto. Assim, os editoriais do Jornal O Mossoroense, publicados desde 1872, serão o material em que analisamos a categoria morfológica adjetivo, e estão metodologicamente divididos em três fases que vão de 1872 ao ano de 1875, e conta com 34 exemplares de textos. O segundo período vai de 1928 a 1935 e é composto de 23 textos. O último vai do ano 1980 ao ano de 2007 e comporta 14 textos representativos dos editoriais. A pesquisa consiste numa análise qualitativa da adjetivação em editoriais das épocas destacadas. Os resultados obtidos nos permitem afirmar que há mudanças linguísticas consideráveis e propósitos comunicativos aproximados, além da adjetivação estar mais polida. Ainda podemos verificar a aproximação do editorial da primeira fase ao gênero manifesto, tão comum no final do século XIX.

Summary The impact Ferdinand de Saussure’s Cours de linguistique générale (1916) had on Dutch linguistics in the 1930s and 1940s has not yet become the object of a thorough investigation. It can be pointed out, however, that in the interwar period Dutch reactions to the Cours were of a mixed character. When one finds Saussure’s book referred to by leading Dutch linguists such as Etsko Kruisinga (1875–1944), H. J. Pos (1898–1955) and A. W. de Groot (1892–1963), the question should be asked to what extent the Cours was seen as a new and important specimen of linguistic theorizing. Moreover, it can be argued that several Dutch linguists felt themselves to be in a different linguistic tradition. Such is definitely the case with Jac. van Ginneken (1877–1945). He took part in the organization of the first international congress of linguists (1928) and the first international phonetic congress (1932). Although critical of the Cours, he sympathized with the Prague approach to phonology, of which he was one of the early propagandists in Western Europe. However, he did not become a confirmed structuralist. Practising a holistic approach to language and culture he felt more affinity with the ‘Neolinguists’, and tended to revert to 19th-century thinkers such as Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835), as some of his papers clearly show. In an intriguing posthumous essay, Het mysterie der menschelijke taal (‘The mystery of human language’, 1946), Van Ginneken acknowledged that over the years language had become a mystery to him.

Questo libro rappresenta una preziosa novità scientifica nel campo della slavistica e della friulanistica. Vi sono pubblicate le lettere, le cartoline postali inviate da intellet­ tuali friulani (in parte anche italiani) e beneciani (filologi, etnografi, storici, avvocati, ecc.) allo studioso polacco Baudouin de Courtenay che, nei primi anni settanta dello scorso secolo, in qualità di docente di linguistica slava all'Università di Pietroburgo, ap­ pena ventottenne si recò nella Slavia Friulana e in altri luoghi del Friuli al fine di com­ piere delle ricerche sui relativi dialetti slavi, o più precisamente sloveni. Nei quattro de­ cenni successivi vi ritornò otto volte e pubblicò uno studio basilare sui dialetti resiani e altri contributi su Resia e i suoi abitanti, nonché ricco materiale sia sul dialetto di Resia che quello del Torre (Opyt fonetiki rez'janskich govorov, 1875 - Saggio di fonetica delle parlate resiane; Materialy dlja južnoslavjanskoj dialektologii i etnografii 2. Obrazcy jazyka na govorach Terskich Slavjan v sevemovostočnoj ltalii, 1904). II mate­ riale dialettale raccolto nelle valli del Natisone, rimasto in forma manoscritta, viene pubblicato nel 1988 da Liliana Spinozzi Monai (con commento folklorico di M. Matičetov) presso l'Editoriale Stampa Triestina con ii titolo "Materiali per la dialettolo­ gia e l'etnografia slava meridionale 4. Testi popolari in prosa e in versi raccolti in Val Natisone nel 1873".

The proposal introduces the theme of the communicative resilience of exhibitions during the Pandemic Era. On March 7, 2020, Italy and its museums, as well as the countless exhibitions housed in their rooms, were closed leaving hundreds, perhaps thousands, of works without the public: from the paintings of Raphael (Rome, Scuderie del Quirinale), to the tables of the Griffoni Polyptych assembled after three hundred years (Bologna, Palazzo Fava), to the statues of Canova (Rome, Palazzo Braschi), to the Sant'Antonio by Antonio Vivarini and to the San Felice in the chair by Lorenzo Lotto chased by Bernard Berenson in his Apulian 'pilgrimages' (Bari, Palazzo Ateneo). Indeed, the latter is the exhibition to which particular attention is paid here. The spaces of the ancient Museum have come back to life with the exhibition “Il Museo che non c’è. Arte, collezionismo, gusto antiquario nel Palazzo degli Studi di Bari 1875-1928”. The exhibition involved lenders institutions such as Villa I Tatti - The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies, the Central State Archive in Rome, the Pinacoteca of Bari 'Corrado Giaquinto' and several others. The exhibition in Bari was inaugurated on February 28th. After the first five days only the exhibition was closed for the advance of COVID 19 virus. In the 'great hall' - as the main space of the ancient Provincial Museum was called - everything remained suspended and perfectly finished: showcases, exhibitors, paintings, statues, clay and stone art objects. However, there was no longer the possibility of letting people, visitors enter. We said that it would have been wonderful to be said that it would have been wonderful to be able to reopen it at least 'virtually'. And so we did, with an immersive and advanced teaching perspective.

Presently 724 species are known from the Danube Delta and Dobruja. From these, 270 in the Danube Delta and Dobruja, 50 to Romania and 2 to science are new (the description of the species is in progress). The species new to Romania are the following: Noxius curtirostris (Mulsant & Rey, 1861); Bruchela cana (Küster, 1848); B. concolor (Fåhraeus, 1839); B. parvula (Motschulsky, 1875); Perapion (Perapion) connexum (Schilsky, 1902); Ceratapion (Echinostroma) scalptum caviceps (Desbrochers des Loges, 1870); Metapion ermischi (Voss, 1969); Protapion angusticolle (Gyllenhal, 1833); Allomalia quadrivirgata (Costa, 1863); Corimalia fausti fausti (Reitter, 1890); Bagous (Macropelmus) claudicans Boheman, 1845; B. (Macropelmus) dieckmanni Gratshev, 1993; B. (Macropelmus) lothari Caldara & O'Brien, 1998; Brachycerus lutosus Gyllenhal, 1833; Stenopelmus rufinasus Gyllenhal, 1835; Tanysphyrus ater Blatchley, 1928; Aulacobaris kiesenwetteri (Faust, 1890); Labiaticola despicatus Faust, 1889; L. melas (Boheman, 1836); Ceutorhynchus levantinus Schultze, 1898; C. merkli Korotyaev, 2001; C. scrobicollis Neresheimer & H. Wagner, 1924; C. talickyi Korotyaev, 1980; C. varius Rey, 1895; Microplontus millefolii (Schultze, 1897); Ranunculiphilus (Austroceutorhynchus) italicus (C. N. F. Brisout de Barneville, 1869); Thamiocolus roubali Dieckmann, 1973; T. sinapis (Desbrochers des Loges, 1893); Gymnetron tibiellum Desbrochers des Loges, 1900; Miarus hellenicus Dieckmann 1978; M. solarii Smreczyński, 1957; Philernus ponticus Korotyaev, 1979; Sibinia (Sibinia) femoralis Germar, 1823; S. (Sibinia) variata Gyllenhal, 1835; Tychius (Tychius) ochraceus Tournier, 1873; T. (Tychius) subsulcatus Tournier, 1874; Ptochus (Ptochus) porcellus Boheman, 1834; Omias murinus (Boheman, 1842); Otiorhynchus (Pseudocryphiphorus) zebei Stierlin, 1861; Argoptochus (Argoptochus) markovensis Angelov, 1987; Polydrusus (Conocetus) baudii (Faust, 1889); Sitona ophthalmicus Desbrochers des Loges, 1869; Chlorophanus viridis balcanicus Behne, 1989; Rhabdorrhynchus echii Brahm, 1790; Bangasternus planifrons (Brullé, 1832); Larinus (Larinomesius) atomarius Capiomont, 1874; L. (Larinomesius) canescens Gyllenhal, 1835; L. (Larinomesius) syriacus Gyllenhal, 1835; L. (Phyllonomeus) filiformis Petri, 1907; Lixus (Epimeces) scolopax Boheman, 1835.

AbstractGenera and previously described species of Nearctic Scythrididae are revised for the first time, based on the study of adult structures. About 90 percent of the Nearctic fauna known in collections consists of undescribed species. The supraspecific taxa treated in this work encompass less than half of the Nearctic species diversity. Only six new species are described, all within the largest and structurally most diverse genus. The status of all nominal species is revised. Valid species are redescribed and their features illustrated. General problems in the systematics of the Scythrididae are discussed. A description of adult features of the family Scythrididae is providad. Extra-limital genera are briefly reviewed. A key to the Nearctic genera and informal supraspecific lineages is provided.Six genera, including three new, are treated: Areniscythris Powell, 1976, Arotrura Walsingham, 1888, Asymmetrura gen. nov., Neoscythris gen. nov., Rhamphura gen. nov., and Scythris s. str. Hübner, [1825]. Areniscythris includes a single described species, Areniscythris brachypteris Powell, but is defined more broadly to account for a number of undescribed species. Arotrura is divided into nine informal species groups with the following included species: Arotrura atascosa sp. nov., Arotrura balli sp. nov., Arotrura divaricata (Braun) comb, nov., Arotrura eburnea Walsingham, Arotrura formidabilis sp. nov., Arotrura hymenata sp. nov., Arotrura longissima sp. nov., Arotrura oxyplecta (Meyrick) comb, nov., Arotrura powelli sp. nov., and Arotrura sponsella (Busck) comb. nov. Asymmetrura includes: Asymmetrura albilineata (Walsingham) comb. nov., Asymmetrura graminivorella (Braun) comb. nov., Asymmetrura impositella (Zeller) comb. nov. and type species, Asymmetrura matutella (Clemens) comb, nov., Asymmetrura reducta (Braun) comb, nov., and Asymmetrura scintillifera (Braun) comb. nov. Neoscythris includes: Neoscythris confinis (Braun) comb, nov., Neoscythris euthia (Walsingham) comb. nov., Neoscythris fissirostris (Meyrick) comb. nov. and type species, and Neoscythris planipenella (Chambers) comb. nov. Rhamphura includes: Rhamphura altisierrae (Keifer) comb, nov., Rhamphura ochristriata (Walsingham) comb. nov. and type species, Rhamphura perspicillella (Walsingham) comb. nov., Rhamphura suffusa (Walsingham) comb. nov., and the extra-limital Rhamphura immunis (Meyrick) comb. nov. from Peru. Scythris s. str. includes: Scythris immaculatella (Chambers) rev. stat., Scythris limbella (Fabricius), Scythris mixaula Meyrick, Scythris trivinctella (Zeller), and Scythris ypsilon Braun. A further eight species are phylogenetically distinct from Scythris s. str. but provisionally are only assigned to five informal monophyletic lineages until their cladistic relationships are more firmly established. These are: the Scythris basilaris lineage including Scythris basilaris (Zeller), Scythris eboracensis (Zeller), and Scythris fuscicomella (Clemens); the Scythris interrupta lineage including Scythris interrupta Braun; the Scythris inspersella lineage including Scythris inspersella (Hübner) and Scythris noricella (Zeller); the Scythris anthracina lineage including Scythris anthracina Braun; and the Scythris charon lineage including Scythris charon Meyrick. Three species are incertae sedis: Scythris inornatella (Chambers) comb, nov., Scythrispilosella (Zeller), and Scythris piratica Meyrick.Coleophora albacostella Chambers and Coleophora inornatella Chambers are transferred from the Coleophoridae. Scythris arizoniella (Kearfott) is transferred to the Coleophoridae [Coleophora arizoniella (Kearfott) comb. nov.].The following new synonymy is proposed: Colinita Busck, 1907 = Arotrura Walsingham, 1888; Gelechia aterrimella Walker, 1864 and Scythris epilobiella McDunnough, 1942 = Scythris inspersella [Hübner, (1817)]; Scythris magnatella Busck, 1904 = Scythris noricella (Zeller, 1843); Scythris pacifica McDunnough, 1927 = Scythris immaculatella (Chambers, 1875); Coleophora albacostella Chambers, 1875 and Scythris hemidictyas Meyrick, 1928 = Neoscythris planipenella (Chambers, 1875).A cladistic definition of the family is presented for the first time. The monophyly of the Scythrididae is supported by the following synapomorphies: very narrow ductus bursae, broad ductus seminalis anastomosed with the oviduct and the corpus bursae, lack of signum, unique shape of the apophyses of the metathoracic furca, tarsomeres 1–4 with two subapical spurs, aedeagus ankylosed, and origin of forewing veins R4 and R5 on a common stalk with R4 extended to the costa and R5 to the termen. Relationships of the Scythrididae within the Gelechioidea are discussed. Based on the cladistic analysis of 52 structural characters, phylogenetic relationships of supraspecific taxa are inferred. Two cladograms, one for the genera and one for the species groups of Arotrura, are presented and used in deriving the classification.

C’est au nom de leur émancipation que les femmes investissent le domaine de la presse et l’espace public en Chine à la toute fin du XIXe siècle. Chen Xiefen (Nübao 1899 ; Xuchu nübao 1902 ; Nüxuebao 1903) et Qiu Jin (Baihua bao 1904 ; Zhongguo nübao 1907) font partie des toutes premières éditrices de revues. Shi Pingmei (Funü zhoukan 1924-1925 ; Qiangwei zhoukan 1926-1928) intervient une vingtaine d’années plus tard, lorsque la presse fait désormais partie du quotidien. Toutes trois ont publié des périodiques engagés, féministes et littéraires. Pourtant, malgré le succès de leurs publications, elles ont été soit invisibilisées dans l’histoire, soit instrumentalisées, un aspect seulement de leur existence étant mis en avant. La confrontation de leur parcours en tant qu’éditrices de revues avant et après le renversement de la dynastie des Qing (1911) met en lumière le caractère novateur de leur action et de leur réflexion ainsi que la persistance de leur engagement en faveur de l’émancipation et des droits des femmes.

Professor Shchastny Sergei Mikhailovich (1875 - 1943), one of the famous scientists of tsarist Russia and the USSR, devoted his professional activities to solving scientific problems of epidemiology and microbiology of various infectious agents, organizing anti-epidemic measures, and carrying out preventive vaccinations. The talent of the outstanding scientist Shchastny S.M. combined with excellent organizational skills. With his participation and leader- ship, the Odessa bacteriological station was developed, which was known all over the world and under his leadership was reorganized into the Odessa Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after I. I.I. Mechnikov (now the II Mechnikov Ukrainian Research Anti-Plague Institute). Professor Shchastny S.M. several departments of microbiol- ogy were created in medical institutes - at the Odessa Medical Institute (now the University) and the Crimean Medical Institute (now the Vernadsky Crimean Federal University). The Department of Microbiology was first created at the institute in 1931, together with 10 other departments of the university. A talented scientist and teacher not only created the department, but also conditions for the training of students. To study the subject, Professor Shchastny S.M. wrote the textbook «Medical Microbiology», one of the first under Soviet rule, which was reprinted several times. Scientific research of Professor S.M. Shchastny reflected about 50 printed scientific works. The life of the scientist was quite dif- ficult. Soon after graduating from the institute he moved to Odessa, where he worked with prominent medical scientists of that period; during the First World War, he served in the army, where he organized anti-epidemic measures; then he returned to Odessa, where he headed the Odessa bacteriological station, which he reorganized into the Odessa Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology. I.I. Mechnikov; then from 1928 he worked in Crimea at the Crimean Insti- tute of Epidemiology and Microbiology (Sevastopol) and the Crimean Medical Institute (Simferopol); in 1938 he was not deservedly convicted, and then sent to Kazakhstan, where he realized his scientific and organizational potential in practical medicine until the last days of his life.

Die Lectotypen der folgenden Arten wurden festgelegt: Dodecastichus heydeni Stierlin, 1861; Otiorhynchus (Acunotus) lutosus Stierlin, 1858; O. (Amosilnus) oberti Faust, (1886); O. (Arammichnus) dobrutschae Stierlin, 1882; O. (Aranihus) misellus Stierlin, 1861; O. (Aranihus) riguus Stierlin, 1883; O. (Choilisanus) affinis Hochhuth, 1847; O. (Choilisanus) caroli Stierlin, 1893; O. (Choilisanus) caucasicus Stierlin, 1872; O. (Choilisanus) schoenherri Stierlin, 1877; O. (Choilisanus) viridisetosus Stierlin, 1905; O. (Egydelenus) jaltensis Formanek, 1926; O. (Elechranus) banaticus Stierlin, 1861; O. (Elechranus) chalceus Stierlin, 1861; O. (Elechranus) roubali Penecke, 1931; O. (Ergiferanus) mus Stierlin, 1862; O. (Lolatismus) chaudoiri Hochhuth, 1851; O. (Lolatismus) depressus Stierlin, 1875; O. (Melasemnus) brevipennis Stierlin, 1892; O. (Melasemnus) crucirostris Hochhuth, 1851; O. (Meriplodus) laconicus Kirsch, 1880; O. (Mitomiris) astutus (Faust, 1886); O. (Mitomiris) laniger Faust, 1887; O. (Namertanus) pseudomias Hochhuth, 1847; O. (Nihus) proximus Stierlin, 1861; O. (Nubidanus) punctirostris Stierlin, 1883; O. (Nubidanus) ruminalis Faust, 1894; O. (Osmobodes) rutilipes Hochhuth, 1851; O. (Osmobodes) tenuimanus Faust, 1890; O. (Osmobodes) venalis Faust, 1888; O. (Otiomimus) desbrochersi Stierlin, 1883; O. (Otiorhynchus) amabilis Stierlin, 1861; O. (Otiorhynchus) auropupillatus Stierlin, 1861; O. (Otiorhynchus) delatus Faust, 1899; O. (Otiorhynchus) latissimus Stierlin, 1861; O. (Otiorhynchus) scaberrimus Stierlin, 1861; O. (Otiorhynchus) steppensis Faust, 1888; O. (Otismotilus) auroguttatus Stierlin, 1879; O. (Paracryphiphorus) nuncius Faust, 1890; O. (Petalorrhynchus) crinitarsis Stierlin, 1861; O. (Phalantorrhynchus) patruelis Stierlin, 1861; O. (Phalantorrhynchus) planidorsis Stierlin, 1886; O. (Pliadonus) schneideri Stierlin, 1876; O. (Tournieria) siewersi Faust, 1888; O. (Podonebistus) alaianus Stierlin, 1886; O. (Podonebistus) bleusei Faust, 1899; O. (Podonebistus) cylindricus Stierlin, 1877; O. (Podonebistus) nefandus Faust, 1888; O. (Podonebistus) prostratus Heyden, 1886; O. (Podonebistus) subparallelus Stierlin, 1893; O. (Prototis) popovi Faust, 1888; O. (Provadilus) carbonarius Hochhuth, 1847; O. (Pseudocryphiphorus) argillosus Hochhuth, 1851; O. (Pseudocryphiphorus) irritabilis (Faust, 1886); O. (Pseudocryphiphorus) zebei Stierlin, 1861; O. (Rimenostolus) auripes Stierlin, 1875; O. (Rusnepranus) arenosus Stierlin, 1861; O. (Rusnepranus) heerii Stierlin, 1858; O. (Stupamacus) erroneus (Faust, 1886); O. (Stupamacus) infensus Faust, 1888; O. (Stupamacus) pilosulus Penecke, 1928; O. (Tournieria) cornicinus Stierlin, 1861; O. (Tournieria) emgei Stierlin, 1887; O. (Tournieria) lubriculus Faust, 1890; O. (Udonedus) koenigi Faust, 1888; O. (Urorrhynchus) truncatus Stierlin, 1861; O. (Zariedus) hystericus Faust, 1892; O. (Zariedus) sedulus Faust, 1894. Neotypen von O. (Amosilnus) pityophilus Gistel, 1857 und von O. (Postaremus) gelidus Gistel, 1857 wurden ausgewählt. Die folgenden neuen Synonyme (Synonyme in eckigen Klammern) wurden begründet: O. velutinus Germar, 1824 [= O. desbrochersi Stierlin, 1896 (nicht O. desbrochersi Stierlin, 1883)]; O. laconicus Kirsch, 1880 [= O. oertzeni Stierlin, 1883]; O. nodosus (O. F. Müller, 1754) [= O. gelidus Gistel, 1857]; O. lavandus Germar, 1824 [= O. pityophilus Gistel, 1857]; O. proximus Stierlin, 1861 [= O. depilis Smreczynski, 1959]; O. parvicollis Gyllenhal, 1834 [= O. riguus Stierlin, 1883]; O. caucasicus Stierlin, 1872 [= O. viridisetosus Stierlin, 1905]. Otiorhynchus erroneus (Faust, 1886) erhielt einen neuen Status. Otiorhynchus affinis Hochhuth ist kein Synonym von O. incivilis Faldermann, 1838; O. auroguttatus Stierlin ist kein Synonym von O. heerii Stierlin, 1858 und ist zu übertragen aus O. (Rusnepranus) Reitter, 1912 in O. (Otismotilus) Reitter, 1912. Neue Kombinationen sind: Otiorhynchus (Rimenostolus) auripes Stierlin aus O. (Panorosemus) Reitter, 1913; O. (Rusnepranus) heerii Stierlin aus O. (Otismotilus) Reitter, 1912; O. (Stupamacus) infensus Faust aus O. (Microphalantus) Reitter, 1912; O. (Elechranus) roubali Penecke aus O. (Cryphiphorus) Stierlin, 1883; O. (Pliadonus) siewersi Faust, 1888 aus O. (Melasemnus) Reitter, 1912; O. (Podonebistus) alaianus Stierlin, O. (Cryphiphorus) argillosus Hochhuth, O. (Lolatismus) depressus Stierlin, O. (Ergiferanus) mus Stierlin, O. (Podonebistus) prostratus Heyden, O. (Pliadonus) schneideri Stierlin, und O. (Osmobodes) venalis Faust, alle diese sind als species incertae sedis aufgelisted.Nomenklatorische Handlungenheydeni (Stierlin, 1861) (Dodecastichus), Lectotype described as Otiorhynchus heydenidebilis Smreczynski, 1959 (Otiorhynchus), syn. n. of Otiorhynchus (Nihus) proximus Stierlin, 1861oertzeni Stierlin, 1883 (Otiorhynchus), syn. n. of Otiorhynchus (Meriplodus) laconicus Kirsch, 1880lutosus Siterlin, 1858 (Otiorhynchus (Acunotus)), Lectotypeoberti (Faust, 1886) (Otiorhynchus (Amosilnus)), Lectotype described as Brachyrrhinus obertipityophilus Gistel, 1857 (Otiorhynchus (Amosilnus)), Neotype; syn. n. of Otiorhynchus lavander Germar, 1824dobrutschae Stierlin, 1882 (Otiorhynchus (Arammichnus)), Lectotypemisellus Stierlin, 1861 (Otiorhynchus (Aranihus)), Lectotyperiguus Stierlin, 1883 (Otiorhynchus (Aranihus)), Lectotype; syn. n. of Otiorhynchus parvicollis Gyllenhal, 1834affinis Hochhuth, 1847 (Otiorhynchus (Choilisanus)), Lectotype; stat. rev. now a valid speciescaroli Stierlin, 1893 (Otiorhynchus (Choilisanus)), Lectotypecaucasicus Stierlin, 1872 (Otiorhynchus (Choilisanus)), Lectotypeschoenherri Stierlin, 1877 (Otiorhynchus (Choilisanus)), Lectotype now a synonym of Otiorhynchus caucasicus Stierlin, 1872viridisetosus Stierlin, 1905 (Otiorhynchus (Choilisanus)), Lectotype; syn. n. of Otiorhynchus caucasicus Stierlin, 1872jaltensis Formanek, 1926 (Otiorhynchus (Egydelenus)), Lectotypebanaticus Stierlin, 1861 (Otiorhynchus (Elechranus)), Lectotypechalceus Stierlin, 1861 (Otiorhynchus (Elechranus)), Lectotyperoubali Penecke, 1931 (Otiorhynchus (Elechranus)), Lectotype; comb. n. hitherto Otiorhynchus (Cryphiphorus) roubalimus Stierlin, 1862 (Otiorhynchus (Ergiferanus)), Lectotype; comb. n. hitherto Otiorhynchus muschaudoiri Hochhuth, 1851 (Otiorhynchus (Lolatismus)), Lectotypedepressus Stierlin, 1875 (Otiorhynchus (Lolatismus)), Lectotype; comb. n. hitherto Otiorhynchus depressusbrevipennis Stierlin, 1892 (Otiorhynchus (Melasemnus)), Lectotypecrucirostris Hochhuth, 1851 (Otiorhynchus (Melasemnus)), Lectotype now a synonym of Otiorhynchus ovalipennis Boheman, 1843laconicus Kirsch, 1880 (Otiorhynchus (Meriplodus)), Lectotypeastutus (Faust, 1886) (Otiorhynchus (Mitomiris)), Lectotype described as Brachyrrhinus (Tournieria) astutuslaniger Faust, 1887 (Otiorhynchus (Mitomiris)), Lectotypepseudomias Hochhuth, 1847 (Otiorhynchus (Namertanus)), Lectotypeproximus Stierlin, 1861 (Otiorhynchus (Nihus)), Lectotypepunctirostris Stierlin, 1883 (Otiorhynchus (Nubidanus)), Lectotyperuminalis Faust, 1894 (Otiorhynchus (Nubidanus)), Lectotyperutilipes Hochhuth, 1851 (Otiorhynchus (Osmobodes)), Lectotype now a synonym of Otiorhynchus cribrosicollis Boheman, 1843tenuimanus Faust, 1890 (Otiorhynchus (Osmobodes)), Lectotypevernalis Faust, 1888 (Otiorhynchus (Osmobodes)), Lectotype; comb. n. hitherto Otiorhynchus vernalisdesbrochersi Stierlin, 1883 (Otiorhynchus (Otiomimus)), Lectotypeamabilis Stierlin, 1861 (Otiorhynchus (Otiorhynchus)), Lectotype now a synonym of Otiorhynchus amplipennis Fairmaire, 1859auropupillatus Stierlin, 1861 (Otiorhynchus (Otiorhynchus)), Lectotypedelatus Faust, 1899 (Otiorhynchus (Otiorhynchus)), Lectotypelatissimus Stierlin, 1861 (Otiorhynchus (Otiorhynchus)), Lectotypescaberrimus Stierlin, 1861 (Otiorhynchus (Otiorhynchus)), Lectotypesteppensis Faust, 1888 (Otiorhynchus (Otiorhynchus)), Lectotype now a synonym of Otiorhynchus concinnus Gyllenhal, 1834auroguttatus Stierlin, 1879 (Otiorhynchus (Otismutilus)), Lectotype; stat. n.; comb. n. now a valid species; hitherto Otiorhynchus (Rusnepranus) auroguttatusnuncius Faust, 1890 (Otiorhynchus (Paracryphiphorus)), Lectotypecrinitarsis Stierlin, 1861 (Otiorhynchus (Petalorrhynchus)), Lectotype now a synonym of Otiorhynchus cupreosparsus (Fairmaire, 1859)patruelis Stierlin, 1861 (Otiorhynchus (Phalantorrhynchus)), Lectotypeplanidorsis Stierlin, 1886 (Otiorhynchus (Phalantorrhynchus)), Lectotype now a synonym of Otiorhynchus moestus Gyllenhal, 1834schneideri Stierlin, 1876 (Otiorhynchus (Pliadonus)), Lectotype; comb. n. hitherto Otiorhynchus schneiderisiewersi Faust, 1888 (Otiorhynchus (Pliadonus)), Lectotype, comb. n. hitrherto Otiorhynchus (Melasemnus) siewersialaianus Stierlin, 1886 (Otiorhynchus (Podonebistus)), Lectotype; comb. n. hitherto Otiorhynchus alaianusbleusei Faust, 1899 (Otiorhynchus (Podonebistus)), Lectotypecylindricus Stierlin, 1877 (Otiorhynchus (Podonebistus)), Lectotypenefandus Faust, 1888 (Otiorhynchus (Podonebistus)), Lectotypeprostratus Heyden, 1886 (Otiorhynchus (Podonebistus)), Lectotype; comb. n. hitherto Otiorhynchus prostratussubparallelus Stierlin, 1893 (Otiorhynchus (Podonebistus)), Lectotype; syn. n. of Otiorhynchus (Podonebistus) cylindricus Stierlin, 1877gelidus Gistel, 1857 (Otiorhynchus (Postaremus)), Neotype; syn. n. of Otiorhyrhynchus nodosus (O. F. Müller, 1754)popovi Faust, 1888 (Otiorhynchus (Prototis)), Lectotypecarbonarius Hochhuth, 1847 (Otiorhynchus (Provadilus)), Lectotypeargillosus Hochhuth, 1851 (Otiorhynchus (Pseudocryphiphorus)), Lectotypeirritabilis (Faust, 1886) (Otiorhynchus (Pseudocryphiphorus)), Lectotype described as Brachyrrhinus irritabiliszebei Stierlin, 1861 (Otiorhynchus (Pseudocryphiphorus)), Lectotypeauripes Stierlin, 1875 (Otiorhynchus (Rimenostolus)), Lectotype; comb. n. hitherto Otiorhynchus (Panorosemus) auripesarenosus Stierlin, 1861 (Otiorhynchus (Rusnepranus)), Lectotypeheerii Stierlin, 1858 (Otiorhynchus (Rusnepranus)), Lectotype; comb. n. hitherto Otiorhynchus (Otismotilus) heeriierroneus (Faust, 1886) (Otiorhynchus (Stupamacus)), Lectotype; stat. n. now a valid speciesinfensus Faust, 1888 (Otiorhynchus (Stupamacus)), Lectotype; comb. n. hitherto Otiorhynchus (Microphalantus) infensuspilosulus Penecke, 1928 (Otiorhynchus (Stupamacus)), Lectotype now a synonym of Otiorhynchus clavalis Apfelbeck, 1922cornicinus Stierlin, 1861 (Otiorhynchus (Tournieria)), Lectotypeemgei Stierlin, 1887 (Otiorhynchus (Tournieria)), Lectotypelubriculus Faust, 1890 (Otiorhynchus (Tournieria)), Lectotypekoenigi Faust, 1888 (Otiorhynchus (Udonedus)), Lectotypetruncatus Stierlin, 1861 (Otiorhynchus (Urorrhynchus)), Lectotypehystericus Faust, 1892 (Otiorhynchus (Zariedus)), Lectotypesedulus Faust, 1894 (Otiorhynchus (Zariedus)), Lectotype

Pyotr Danilovich Draganov (February 1 (13), 1857 – February 7, 1928), a native of Bessarabia, Russian philologist, historian, ethnographer, bibliographer, and teacher. Born into a family of Bulgarian colonists in the village Comrat of Bessarabian region, he graduated from the Bulgarian Central School in Comrat (1875), then studied at the Chișinău progymnasium, the provincial gymnasium (1875–1877) and the Kharkov gymnasium (1877–1880). After graduating from the gymnasium, he entered the Faculty of History and Philology of the Imperial Kharkov University (1880–1882), then continued his studies at the Imperial St. Petersburg University, graduating in 1885 with a candidate’s degree. In 1885–1887, he taught general history and Church Slavonic language at the St. Cyril and Methodius Male Gymnasium (Thessaloniki, Macedonia). In 1888, he was appointed teacher of the Russian language and literature of the Comrat real school. Since 1893, he taught Russian at the Chișinău Women’s Gymnasium. In 1896, he became a junior assistant librarian at the Imperial Public Library in St. Petersburg, in charge of the category of Slavs and Galician-Russian books of the Manuscript Department of the library. Due to the difficult financial situation, he had to resign from the library and return to teach Russian at the Comrat real school. In 1906–1912, P.D. Draganov worked as an inspector of a real school in Astrakhan, director of a teacher’s seminary in the village Rovnoe of the Samara province. In 1913, he returned to Bessarabia and was appointed director of the male gymnasium in Cahul. When Bessarabia was occupied by Romania, the Romanian authorities issued a decree on the preservation of the gymnasium and proposed to P.D. Draganov to remain its director. However, he decided to return to his native Comrat, where he taught Bulgarian at the Comrat real school until retirement. P.D. Draganov is the author of over 100 historical, literary, ethnographic, philological, bibliographic and critical works. His articles were published in the “Journal of the Ministry of Public Education”, “Historical Bulletin”, “Izvestia of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in the Department of Russian Language and Literature”, “Russian Philological Bulletin” and others. Some of his works have remained unpublished. Most of P.D. Draganov’s studies focus on Bessarabian and Balkan themes. He wrote many works about A.S. Pushkin. Draganov was the founder of Macedonian studies in Russia. One ofhis most important works is “The Macedonian-Slavic Collection” (Issue 1. St. Petersburg, 1894), which received many reviews. Another well-known work of his is the compilation “A.S. Pushkin in Fifty Languages, i.e. Translations from A.S. Pushkin into 50 languages and dialects of the world. A Bibliographic Wreath on the Monument to A.S. Pushkin, Woven for the Centenary of His Birth, May 26, 1799 – May 26, 1899 with a Portrait of the Poet” (St. Petersburg, 1899). Draganov also participated in the compilation of the Bulgarian-Russian Dictionary, published the first universal index Bessarabiana, where he listed the sources and literature published over 100 years since the annexation of Bessarabia to Russia. Among the numerous works by P.D. Draganov, there are studies about Rusins.

The family Phasmatidae Gray, 1835 is reviewed and the subfamily Phasmatinae shown to be polyphyletic. Based on features of the exosceleton of the insects, egg-morphology and copulation habits a new arrangement of Phasmatidae is proposed. The monophyly of Lanceocercata Bradler, 2001 is confirmed but this name shown to be a synonym of Phasmatidae, hence Lanceocercata is here referred to as Phasmatidae sensu stricto. Six subfamilies belong in Phasmatidae sensu stricto all of which share several common and supposedly apomorphic characters: Phasmatinae, Tropidoderinae, Extatosomatinae (stat. nov.), Xeroderinae, Pachymorphinae and “Platycraninae”. The other two subfamilies contained in Phasmatidae sensu Bradley & Galil, 1977 (Eurycanthinae and Cladomorphinae) are not cosely related and here regarded as subfamilies of Phasmatidae sensu lato. The subfamily Phasmatinae sensu Bradley & Galil, 1977 is shown to be polyphyletic. The two tribes Pharnaciini and Clitumnini (= Baculini Günther, 1953) are removed from Phasmatinae and shown to be closely related to each other. They are transferred to the here established subfamily Clitumninae, a subordinate clade of Phasmatidae sensu lato. The subfamily Lonchodinae is closely related to Clitumninae, hence removed from Diapheromeridae and transferred to Phasmatidae sensu lato. The tribes Achriopterini and Stephanacridini (formerly in Phasmatinae) are shown to be not closely related to either Phasmatinae sensu stricto, Clitumninae or Lonchodinae, and provisionally must be treated as tribes of Phasmatidae sensu lato (incerte sedis). A re-arrangement of Phasmatidae sensu stricto is proposed along with determinating keys to all subfamilies and their tribes. The subfamilies Phasmatinae, Tropidoderinae and Extatosomatinae stat. nov. are re-described and discussed in detail. Full lists of genera are provided for each tribe. Only three of seven tribes formerly in Phasmatinae remain in the subfamily, this is Phasmatini, Acanthomimini and Acanthoxylini. The subfamily Tropidoderinae contains three tribes: Tropidoderini, Monandropterini and Gigantophasmatini trib. nov. The tribe Extatosomatini Clark-Sellick, 1997 is removed from Tropidoderinae and raised to subfamily level (Extatosomatinae stat. nov.). Several genera are transferred to other tribes or subfamilies. Didymuria Kirby, 1904 is removed from Tropidoderini, since it differs by having a closed internal micropylar plate in the eggs (open in all Tropidoderini). It here remains as a genus incerte sedis of Tropidoderinae and its systematic position clearly deserves further clarification. Gigantophasma Sharp, 1898 from the Loyalty Islands is removed from Pharnaciini, and becomes the type genus of the tribe Gigantophasmatini trib. nov.. Anophelepis Westwood, 1859 is removed from “Platycraninae” and shown to belong in Phasmatinae: Acanthomimini. The two Australian genera Arphax Stål, 1875, and Vasilissa Kirby, 1896 are removed from Acanthoxylini and provisionally transferred to Acanthomimini, but their position remains as yet debatable. Echetlus Stål, 1875 is misplaced in “Platycraninae” and shown to be a likely member of Phasmatinae. The two Brazilian species Echetlus evoneobertii Zompro & Adis, 2001 and Echetlus fulgens Zompro, 2004b are obviously misplaced and belong in the New World Diapheromeridae: Diapheromerinae: Diapheromerini. The subfamily Pachymorphinae is briefly discussed and considered polyphyletic. Two genera of Pachymorphinae: Gratidiini Bragg, 1995 (Parapachymorpha Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1893 and Cnipsomorpha Hennemann et al., 2008) are transferred to Clitumninae: Medaurini trib. nov. The genus Gongylopus Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907 is transferred from Pachymorphinae: Gratidiini to Clitumninae: Clitumnini. The subfamily Xeroderinae is briefly discussed and shown likely to be polyphyletic, due to it contains two fundamentally different types of genitalia in the males. Only the genera Xeroderus Gray, 1835 and perhaps Epicharmus Stål, 1875 clearly belong in Phasmatidae sensu stricto. Both, the Pachymorphinae and Xeroderinae certainly deserve more detailed investigation to clarify their systematic positions with confirmation. Two generic groups are recognized within Clitumnini (subfamily Clitumninae). Due to differing by genital features and egg-morphology Medaura Stål, 1875 and Medauroidea Zompro, 2000 are removed from Clitumnini and transferred to the newly described Medaurini trib. nov.. The new tribe furthermore contains two genera formerly included in Pachymorphinae: Gratidiini and transferred here, Cnipsomorpha Hennemann et al., 2008 and Parapachymorpha Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1893. Phryganistria Stål, 1875 is removed from Clitumnini and transferred to Pharnaciini. Nesiophasma Günther, 1934 is shown to belong in the tribe Stephanacridini. The Australasian subfamily Lonchodinae Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1893 has formerly been included in Diapheromeridae Zompro, 2001 (= Heteronemiidae by Bradley & Galil, 1977). However, numerous features of the genitalia and egg morphology show close relation to the Oriental subfamily Clitumninae instead. Thus, Lonchodinae is here transferred to the family Phasmatidae (sensu lato). Within Lonchodinae the new tribe Neohiraseini trib. nov. is recognized and contains the five genera formerly placed in the “Neohirasea-complex” of that subfamily, namely Andropromachus Carl, 1913, Neohirasea Rehn, 1904, Pseudocentema Chen, He & Li, 2002, Qiongphasma Chen, He & Li, 2002 and Spinohirasea Zompro, 2001. It differs from all other Lonchodinae (= tribe Lonchodini) by the well developed vomer of males and the lack of a capitulum in the eggs. The genus Cladomimus Carl, 1915 was previously misplaced in Clitumninae: Pharnaciini and is here transferred to Lonchodinae: Lonchodini. It appears to be close to the Australian Hyrtacus Stål, 1875. Leprocaulinus Uvarov, 1940 and Phenacocephalus Werner, 1930 are removed from the subfamily Necrosciinae and transferred to Lonchodinae: Lonchodini. Extensive research on the genera which belong to the tribe Pharnaciini Günther, 1953 and taking features of the genital exosceleton and egg-morphology into account, has shown this tribe to be polyphyletic. Based on such features two generic groups are easily recognized within Pharnaciini sensu Günther, 1953. Males of the first group have a longitudinally split anal segment, which consists of two separate, more or less elongate semi-tergites and forms a clasping apparatus, the vomer is strongly reduced or lacking, the profemora have a prominent, lamellate medioventral carina which is strongly displaced towards the anteroventral carina and the eggs have an open internal micropylar plate with a clear median line. Only the genera falling into this group remain in Pharnaciini. Males of the second group in contrast have an anal segment which is not split, but possess a clearly visible, well sclerotised, triangular or hook-like external vomer, an indistinct medioventral carina on the profemora and eggs with a closed internal micropylar plate. Most of the genera which fall into the second group are here transferred to the tribe Stephanacridini Günther, 1953, this is Diagoras Stål, 1877b, Eucarcharus Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907, Phasmotaenia Návas, 1907 and Sadyattes Stål, 1875. A detailed discussion of the differences between Pharnaciini and Stephanacridini is provided along with distinguishing keys, illustrations and maps showing the distinct geographic distributions. The five genera that belong in Pharnaciini are: Baculonistria gen. nov., Pharnacia Stål, 1877a, Phobaeticus Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907 (= Baculolonga Hennemann & Conle, 1997a, = Lobophasma Günther, 1934b syn. nov. , = Nearchus Redtenbacher, 1908 syn. nov. ), Tirachoidea Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1893 stat. rev. and Phryganistria Stål, 1875. Pharnacia annulata Redtenbacher, 1908 and Pharnacia enganensis Redtenbacher, 1908 were misplaced in Pharnacia Stål, 1877 (tribe Pharnaciini) and are transferred to the genus Sadyattes Stål, 1875 (tribe Stephanacridini, comb. nov.). Phobaeticus kuehni Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907 is removed from Phobaeticus Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907 (Phasmatinae: Pharnaciini) and shown to belong in Nesiophasma Günther, 1934c (tribe Stephanacridini, comb. nov.). Phobaeticus incertus Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907 (= Nearchus grubaueri Redtenbacher, 1908 syn. nov.) is unlikely to belong in Pharnaciini and here only retained in the original genus Phobaeticus Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907 with doubt, it may belong in Nesiophasma Günther, 1934c (tribe Stephanacridini). Based on a total of almost 700 examined specimens, the Oriental tribe Pharnaciini Günther, 1953 is revised at the species level. The new genus Baculonistria gen. nov. (Type species Baculonistria alba (Chen & He, 1990) comb. nov.), is described to contain three species from Central and Eastern China. Tirachoidea Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1893 was erroneously synonymised with Pharnacia Stål, 1877 and is here re-established as a valid genus (stat. rev.). All five genera are re-diagnosed and differentiated, their systematic position within Pharnaciini discussed, and complete synonymic and species-listings as well as distribution maps and determination keys to the insects and eggs are provided. Detailed descriptions, diagnoses, synonymic listings, illustrations, material listings, distribution maps and measurements are provided for all 42 valid species. The type material of a further two species appears to be lost. Seven new species are described: Pharnacia borneensis spec. nov. from Borneo; Pharnacia palawanica spec. nov. from Palawan, Phobaeticus mucrospinosus spec. nov. from Sumatra, Phobaeticus palawanensis spec. nov. from Palawan, Tirachoidea herberti spec. nov. from Borneo, Tirachoidea siamensis spec. nov. from Thailand and S-Vietnam and Phobaeticus chani Bragg spec. nov. from Borneo. Phobaeticus chani Bragg spec. nov. is the world’s longest known insect with a maximum body length of 357 mm and an overall length of 567 mm in the female. Twelve new synonymies were discovered: Bactridium grande Rehn, 1920 = Phobaeticus serratipes (Gray, 1835) syn. nov.; Pharnacia rigida Redtenbacher, 1908 = Phobaeticus sumatranus Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907, syn. nov.; Clitumnus irregularis Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907 = Phibalosoma tirachus Westwood, 1859, syn. nov.; Pharnacia magdiwang Lit & Eusebio, 2008 = Pharnacia ponderosa Stål, 1877 syn. nov.; Pharnacia spectabilis Redtenbacher, 1908 = Phibalosoma hypharpax Westwood, 1859, syn. nov.; Pharnacia semilunaris Redtenbacher, 1908 = Eucarcharus inversus Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907, syn. nov.; Pharnacia chiniensis Seow-Choen, 1998c = Pharnacia biceps Redtenbacher, 1908, syn. nov.; Nearchus grubaueri Redtenbacher, 1908 = Phobaeticus incertus Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907, syn. nov.; Phibalosoma maximum Bates, 1865 = Cladoxerus serratipes Gray, 1835, syn. nov.; Phobaeticus lambirica Seow-Choen, 1998a = Eucarcharus rex Günther, 1928, syn. nov.; Phobaeticus sichuanensis Cai & Liu, 1993 = Baculum album Chen & He, 1990, syn. nov. and Phobaeticus beccarianus Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907 is shown to represent the previously unknown female of Phobaeticus sobrinus Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907 (syn. nov.) Lectotypes are designated for: Nearchus redtenbacheri Dohrn, 1910, Pharnacia biceps Redtenbacher, 1908, Pharnacia ingens Redtenbacher, 1908, Pharnacia heros Redtenbacher, 1908, Phibalosoma westwoodi Wood-Mason, 1875, Phobaeticus sinetyi Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907, and Phobaeticus sumatranus Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907. A neotype is designated for Nearchus maximus Redtenbacher, 1908 and Phobaeticus magnus nom. nov. introduced as a replacement name for Nearchus maximus Redtenbacher, which is a junior homonym of Phibalosoma maximum Bates, 1865.The previously unknown males of Pharnacia heros Redtenbacher, 1908, Phobaeticus ingens (Redtenbacher, 1908), Tirachoidea jianfenglingensis (Bi, 1994), Pharnacia sumatrana (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907), Phryganistria fruhstorferi (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) and Tirachoidea westwoodii (Wood-Mason, 1875) as well as the females of Pharnacia ponderosa Stål, 1877a and Pharnacia tirachus (Westwood, 1859) are described and illustrated for the first time. A brief description on the basis of colour photos of the so far unknown male of Pharnacia kalag Zompro, 2005 are presented. Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided for the eggs of 24 species. The eggs of the following 18 species are described and illustrated for the first time: Phobaeticus magnus nom. nov., Pharnacia borneensis spec. nov., Pharnacia palawanica spec. nov., Pharnacia ponderosa Stål, 1877a, Pharnacia sumatrana (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907), Pharnacia tirachus (Westwood, 1859), Phobaeticus hypharpax (Westwood, 1859), Phobaeticus chani Bragg spec. nov., Phobaeticus incertus Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907, Phobaeticus magnus nom. nov., Phobaeticus philippinicus (Hennemann & Conle, 1997a), Phobaeticus sinetyi Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907, Phryganistria grandis Rehn, 1906, Phryganistria virgea (Westwood, 1848), Tirachoidea biceps (Redtenbacher, 1908), Tirachoidea herberti spec. nov., Tirachoidea jianfenglingensis (Bi, 1994) and Tirachoidea siamensis spec. nov.. Several species were originally placed in or subsequently transferred into wrong genera by various authors. Consequently, numerous taxa are here transferred or re-transferred to other genera, which results in 22 new or revised combinations or status of genera and species (comb. nov. / stat. rev. / stat. nov.). A list of the taxonomic changes made in this revision is provided in the summary ( 9.2), which in all lists 70 nomenclatural changes.

Nomenclatural issues pertaining to selected non-marine gastropods of Cretaceous and Tertiary age are discussed and resolved as follows. [1] Viviparus hammeri (Defrance, 1825) is reinstated; Helicites viviparoides Schlotheim, 1820 is a nomen nudum, made available as Paludina viviparoides Bronn, 1848, a new objective synonym. [2] Viviparus frauenfeldi Le Renard, 1994 is a new objective synonym of Viviparus oulchyensis Wenz, 1919. [3] Lorus is proposed as a nomen novum for Liris Conrad, 1871 [nec Fabricius, 1804]. [3] Wesselinghia is proposed as a nomen novum for Longosoma Wesselingh & Kadolsky, 2006 [nec Hartman, 1944]. [4] Hydrobia incerta (Deshayes, 1862) is reinstated; Hydrobia antoni Le Renard, 1994 is a new objective synonym of this nomen. [5] The species Paludina frauenfeldi Hoernes, 1856 is designated as type species of Sarmata B. Dybowski & Grochmalicki, 1920. [6] The misidentified type species of Annulifer Cossmann, 1921, so far known as ‘Paludina protracta sensu Cossmann 1921, non Eichwald, 1850’, is fixed under Article 70.3 of the Code as understood by Cossmann (1921), and renamed Annulifer annulifer new species. [7] Pomatias turgidulus (Sandberger, 1872) is reinstated; P. turonicus Wenz, 1923 and Cyclostoma squamosum Peyrot, 1932 are its new objective synonyms. [8] Valvata inflata Sandberger, 1875 is reinstated; V. gaudryana Wenz, 1928 [nec Mortillet, 1863] is its new objective synonym. [8] Catinella? montana Pierce, new species, originally published as “[Succineidae] montana Pierce, 1992”, is made available by associating the species epithet with a generic nomen. [9] Proalbinaria subantiqua (d’Orbigny, 1850) is reinstated; its senior synonym Pupa antiqua Matheron, 1832 is a primary junior homonym of Pupa muscorum antiqua Eichwald, 1830. [10] The type species of Palaeostoa Andreae, 1884 is Pupa fontenayi Sandberger, 1871 by subsequent designation by Cossmann (1905), which has precedence over the designation of Clausilia crenata Sandberger, 1871 by Wenz (1923). [11] Palaeostoa elongata (Melleville, 1843), whose original combination was Pupa elongata, is a primary junior homonym of Pupa elongata Bouillet, 1836, an unused name for an unidentified nominal species; pending more information on the taxon at stake, maintenance of the existing usage is recommended. [12] Scalaxis columnella (Deshayes, 1863) is reinstated, with Scalaxis sinister Wenz, 1923 as its new synonym. [13] Eurystrophe olla (Serres, 1844) is reinstated, with Helix janthinoides Noulet, 1868 [nec Helix janthinoides Serres, 1829, a nomen nudum] as its new synonym.

The classification of Microhoriini Bonadona, 1974 is revised. Five genera are recognized: Aulacoderus LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849, Falsophilus Kejval, 2015, Liparoderus LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849, Microhoria Chevrolat, 1877, and Neocrohoria Telnov, 2019. (i) New species: Microhoria almukalla Kejval, sp. nov. (Yemen), M. anahita Kejval, sp. nov. (Iran), M. antalya Kejval, sp. nov. (Turkey), M. bacillisternum Kejval, sp. nov. (Iran), M. cervi Kejval, sp. nov. (Oman), M. fergana Kejval, sp. nov. (Kyrgyzstan), M. garavuti Kejval, sp. nov. (Tajikistan), M. gibbipennis Kejval, sp. nov. (Turkey), M. halophila Kejval, sp. nov. (Turkey), M. hazara Kejval, sp. nov. (Afghanistan), M. heracleana Kejval, sp. nov. (Greece), M. impavida Kejval, sp. nov. (Turkey), M. kabulensis Kejval, sp. nov. (Afghanistan), M. kermanica Kejval, sp. nov. (Iran), M. pahlavi Kejval, sp. nov. (Iran), M. persica Kejval, sp. nov. (Iran), M. strejceki Kejval, sp. nov. (Tajikistan), M. sawda Kejval, sp. nov. (Saudi Arabia), and M. sulaimanica Kejval, sp. nov. (Pakistan, Uzbekistan). (ii) New synonymies: Microhoria Chevrolat, 1877 = Clavicomus Pic, 1894 syn. nov. = Tenuicomus Pic, 1894 syn. nov.; Microhoria depressa (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) = Anthicus mollis Desbrochers des Loges, 1875 syn. nov.; Microhoria edmondi (Pic, 1893) = Anthicus spinosus Pic, 1912 syn. nov.; Microhoria globipennis (Pic, 1897) = Anthicus globipennis quercicola Sahlberg, 1913 syn. nov.; Microhoria luristanica (Pic, 1911) = Anthicus pietschmi Pic, 1938 syn. nov.; Microhoria ottomana (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) = Anthicus merkli Pic, 1897 syn. nov.; Microhoria pinicola (Reitter, 1889) = Microhoria feroni Bonadona, 1960 syn. nov.; Microhoria posthuma (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) = Anthicus fumeoalatus Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931 syn. nov.; Microhoria truncatipennis (Pic, 1897) = Anthicus mouzafferi Pic, 1910 syn. nov. (iii) Status changes. Anthicus tauricus var. inobscura Pic, 1908 is raised to species level as Microhoria inobscura (Pic, 1908) stat. nov.; Anthicus truncatus var. decoloratus Pic, 1897 is removed from synonymy with Anthicus truncatus Pic, 1895 and raised to species level as Microhoria decolorata (Pic, 1897) stat. restit. (iv) New combinations: Microhoria disconotata (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. fossicollis (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. gestroi (Pic, 1895) comb. nov., M. irregularis (Pic, 1932) comb. nov., M. lividipes (Desbrochers des Loges, 1875) comb. nov., M. marginicollis (Pic, 1951) comb. nov., M. nystii (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. schimperi (Pic, 1898) comb. nov., M. semiviridis (Pic, 1951) comb. nov., M. strandi (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., and M. yemenita (Nardi, 2004) comb. nov., all from Anthicus Paykull, 1798. Microhoria abscondita (Telnov, 2000) comb. nov., M. adusta (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. afghana (Telnov, 2010) comb. nov., M. almorae (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. ambusta (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. angulifer (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. anomala (Telnov, 1998) comb. nov., M. antinorii (Pic, 1894) comb. nov., M. apicordiger (Bonadona, 1954) comb. nov., M. aquatilis (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. assamensis (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. assequens (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. atrata (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. austriaca (Pic, 1901) comb. nov., M. bicarinifrons (Pic, 1892) comb. nov., M. biguttata (Bonadona, 1964) comb. nov., M. brevipilis (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. bruckii (Kiesenwetter, 1870) comb. nov., M. brunneipes (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. caeruleicolor (Pic, 1906) comb. nov., M. callima (Baudi di Selve, 1877) comb. nov., M. comes (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. cordata (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. curticeps (Pic, 1923) comb. nov., M. dichrous (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. doderoi (Pic, 1902) comb. nov., M. erythraea (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., M. erythrodera (Marseul, 1878) comb. nov., M. feai (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. fugax (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. fugiens (Marseul, 1876) comb. nov., M. garze (Telnov, 2018) comb. nov., M. gigas (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., M. gravida (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. harmandi (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., M. hauseri (Pic, 1906) comb. nov., M. henoni (Pic, 1892) comb. nov., M. heydeni (Marseul, 1879) comb. nov., M. himalayana (Pic, 1909) comb. nov., M. hummeli (Pic, 1933) comb. nov., M. immaculipennis (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. inabsoluta (Telnov, 2003) comb. nov., M. indeprensa (Telnov, 2000) comb. nov., M. kabyliana (Pic, 1896) comb. nov., M. kejvali (Telnov, 1999) comb. nov., M. kham (Telnov, 2018) comb. nov., M. kocheri (Pic, 1951) comb. nov., M. kuluensis (Pic, 1914) comb. nov., M. lepidula (Marseul, 1876) comb. nov., M. longiceps (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. longicornis (Uhmann, 1983) comb. nov., M. manifesta (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. martinezi (Pic, 1932) comb. nov., M. muguensis (Telnov, 2000) comb. nov., M. nigrocyanella (Marseul, 1877) comb. nov., M. nigrofusca (Telnov, 2000) comb. nov., M. nigroterminata (Pic, 1909) comb. nov., M. notatipennis (Pic, 1909) comb. nov., M. olivierii (Desbrochers des Loges, 1868) comb. nov., M. optabilis LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. paganettii (Pic, 1909) comb. nov., M. phungi (Pic, 1926) comb. nov., M. picea (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. plagiostola (Bonadona, 1958) comb. nov., M. plicatipennis (Pic, 1936) comb. nov., M. posthuma (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. postimpressa (Pic, 1938) comb. nov., M. postluteofasciata (Pic, 1938) comb. nov., M. prolatithorax (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., M. proterva (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. ragusae (Pic, 1898) comb. nov., M. semidepressa (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. separatithorax (Pic, 1914) comb. nov., M. shibatai (Nomura, 1962) comb. nov., M. schrammi Pic, 1913) comb. nov., M. sikkimensis (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. sinensis (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. spinipennis (Pic, 1898) comb. nov., M. sporadica (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. striaticollis (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. subpicea (Pic, 1914) comb. nov., M. tersa (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. tonkinensis (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1928) comb. nov., M. truncatella (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. turgida (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1928) comb. nov., M. uhagoni (Pic, 1904) comb. nov., M. uniformis (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. variabilis (Telnov, 2003) comb. nov., M. weigeli (Telnov, 2000) comb. nov., M. versicolor (Kiesenwetter, 1866) comb. nov., M. wuyishanensis (Nardi, 2004) comb. nov., and Nitorus niger (Uhmann, 1996) comb. nov., all from Clavicomus Pic, 1894. Microhoria agriliformis (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. alfierii (Pic, 1923) comb. nov., M. angelinii (Degiovanni, 2012) comb. nov., M. babaulti (Pic, 1921) comb. nov., M. barnevillei (Pic, 1892) comb. nov., M. armeniaca (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., M. bonnairii (Fairmaire, 1883) comb. nov., M. cyanipennis (Grilat, 1886) comb. nov., M. depressa (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. dolichocephala (Baudi di Selve, 1877) comb. nov., M. duplex (Nardi, 2004) comb. nov., M. edmondi (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. escalerai (Pic, 1904) comb. nov., M. finalis (Telnov, 2003) comb. nov., M. fuscomaculata (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. insignita (Pic, 1906) comb. nov., M. luristanica (Pic, 1911) comb. nov., M. meloiformis (Reitter, 1890) comb. nov., M. mesopotamica (Pic, 1912) comb. nov., M. ocreata (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1847) comb. nov., M. olivacea (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. ottomana (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. pallicra (Dufour, 1849) comb. nov., M. paralleliceps (Reitter, 1890) comb. nov., M. paupercula (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1847) comb. nov., M. platiai (Degiovanni, 2000) comb. nov., M. siccensis (Normand, 1950) comb. nov., M. subaerea (Reitter, 1890) comb. nov., M. subcaerulea (Pic, 1906) comb. nov., M. subsericea (Pic, 1898) comb. nov., M. tarifana (Pic, 1904) comb. nov., M. tibialis (Waltl, 1835) comb. nov., M. velox (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. viridipennis (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., and M. viturati (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., all from Tenuicomus Pic, 1894. Microhoria decolorata (Pic, 1897) comb. nov. and M. truncata (Pic, 1895) comb. nov. from Stricticomus Pic, 1894. Microhoria truncatipennis (Pic, 1897) comb. nov. from Anthelephila Hope, 1833. (v) Lectotype designations. Lectotypes are designated for the following species: Anthicus depressus LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849, A. edmondi Pic, 1893, A. luristanicus Pic, 1911, A. merkli Pic, 1897, A. mouzafferi Pic, 1910, A. pietschmi Pic, 1938, A. pinicola Reitter, 1889, A. posthumus Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931, and A. spinosus Pic, 1912.

This overview of the Luciolinae addresses the fauna of S. E. Asia including India, Sri Lanka, China, Japan, Malaysia, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Indonesia, the Philippines, the Republic of Palau, Federated States of Micronesia, and the Australopacific area of Australia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Vanuatu and Fiji.Of the 28 genera now recognised in the Luciolinae we address 27 genera from the study area as defined above, including three new genera which are described herein, and 222 species including 13 species newly described herein. Photuroluciola Pic from Madagascar is the only Luciolinae genus not addressed here. A key to genera is presented. Keys to species are either included here or referenced in existing literature. Twelve genera have had no new taxonomic decisions made nor are any new species records listed, and are addressed in an abbreviated fashion, with short diagnoses and plates of features of life stages: Aquatica Fu et al. 2010, Australoluciola Ballantyne 2013, Convexa Ballantyne 2009, Emeia Fu et al. 2012a, Inflata Boontop 2015, Lloydiella Ballantyne 2009, Missimia Ballantyne 2009, Pteroptyx Olivier 1902, Pyrophanes Olivier 1885, Sclerotia Ballantyne 2016, Triangulara Pimpasalee 2016, and Trisinuata Ballantyne 2013. Abscondita Ballantyne 2013 contains 8 species, and includes new records for Abs. anceyi (Olivier 1883), Abs. chinensis (L.) (which is newly synonymised with Luciola succincta Bourgeois), Abs. terminalis (Olivier 1883) including a first record from both Laos and Thailand, and Abs. perplexa (Walker 1858). Luciola pallescens Gorham 1880 is transferred to Abscondita and the pronotal colour range is addressed from a wide range of localities. Abs. berembun Nada sp. nov. and Abs. jerangau Nada sp. nov. are described from Malaysia. Hooked bursa plates are described for pallescens and berembun. Aquilonia Ballantyne 2009 is expanded to include 3 species. Gilvainsula Ballantyne 2009, represented by two species from the south eastern coast of New Guinea is synonymised under Aquilonia Ballantyne 2009, which is briefly redescribed and keyed from: Aquil. costata (Lea) from northern Australia, including many new records, Aquil. messoria (Ballantyne) comb. nov. and Aquil. similismessoria (Ballantyne) comb. nov. Asymmetricata Ballantyne 2009 now includes 4 species. As. bicoloripes (Pic 1927) comb. nov. and As. humeralis (Walker 1858) comb. nov. are transferred from Luciola, with L. doriae Olivier 1885, L. impressa Olivier 1910b and L. notatipennis Olivier 1909a newly synonymised with As. humeralis. Luciola aemula Olivier 1891 is synonymised with As. ovalis (Hope 1831). The variation in the extent of the anterior median emargination of the light organ in ventrite 7, and the possibility of a bipartite light organ in males of As. circumdata (Motsch. 1854) is explored. Females of both As. circumdata and As. ovalis (Hope 1831) are without bursa plates and the distinctively shaped median oviduct plate in each is described. Records from Thailand are recorded for both As. circumdata and As. ovalis. Atyphella Olliff 1890 now contains 28 species with 4 transferred from other genera, and one new species: Aty. abdominalis (Olivier 1886) comb. nov. and Aty. striata (Fabricius 1801) comb. nov. are transferred from Luciola, with Aty. carolinae Olivier 1911b and Aty. rennellia (Ballantyne 2009) comb. nov. transferred from Magnalata Ballantyne 2009. Atyphella telokdalam Ballantyne sp. nov. from Indonesia is described herein. Atyphella is now known from records in the Philippines and Indonesia as well as Australia and New Guinea. Colophotia Motschulsky 1853 is considered here from seven species for which intact types can be located for three. An abbreviated revision based on the United States National Museum collection only is presented, with specimens of C. bakeri Pic 1924, C. brevis Olivier 1903a, C. plagiata (Erichson 1834) and C. praeusta (Eschscholtz 1822) redescribed, using where possible features of males, females and larvae. Colophotia particulariventris Pic 1938 is newly synonymised with C. praeusta. Colophotia miranda Olivier 1886 and L. truncata Olivier 1886 are treated as species incertae sedis. Curtos Motschulsky 1845 includes 19 species with suggestions made, but not yet formalised, for the possible transfer of the following seven species from Luciola: Luciola complanata Gorham 1895, L. costata Pic 1929, L. delauneyi Bourgeois 1890, L. deplanata Pic 1929, L. extricans Walker 1858, L. multicostulata Pic 1927 and L. nigripes Gorham 1903. Curtos is not revised here. Emarginata Ballantyne gen nov. is described for E. trilucida (Jeng et al. 2003b) comb. nov., transferred from Luciola and characterised by the emarginated elytral apex. An extended range of specimens from Thailand is listed. Kuantana Ballantyne gen. nov. from Selangor, Malaysia is described from K. menayah gen. et sp. nov. having bipartite light organs in ventrite 7 and an asymmetrical tergite 8 which is not emarginated on its left side. Female has no bursa plates. Luciola Laporte 1833 s. stricto as defined by a population of the type species Luciola italica (L. 1767) from Pisa, Italy, is further expanded and considered to comprise the following19 species: L. antipodum (Bourgeois 1884), L. aquilaclara Ballantyne 2013, L. chapaensis Pic 1923 which is synonymised with L. atripes Pic 1929, L. curtithorax Pic 1928, L. filiformis Olivier 1913c, L. horni Bourgeois 1905, L. hypocrita Olivier 1888, L. italica (L. 1767), L. kagiana Matsumura 1928, L. oculofissa Ballantyne 2013, L. pallidipes Pic 1928 which is synonymised with L. fletcheri Pic 1935, L. parvula Kiesenwetter 1874, L. satoi Jeng & Yang 2003, L. tuberculata Yiu 2017, and two species treated as near L. laticollis Gorham 1883, and near L. nicollieri Bugnion 1922. The following are described as new: L. niah Jusoh sp. nov., L. jengai Nada sp. nov. and L. tiomana Ballantyne sp. nov. Luciola niah sp. nov. female has two wide bursa plates on each side of the bursa. Luciola s. lato (as defined here) consists of 36 species. Twenty-seven species formerly standing under Luciola have been assigned to other genera or synonymised. Seven species are recommended for transfer to Curtos, and 32 species now stand under species incertae sedis. Magnalata Ballantyne is reduced to the type species M. limbata and redescribed. Medeopteryx Ballantyne 2013 is expanded to 20 species with the addition of two new combinations, Med. semimarginata (Olivier 1883) comb. nov. and Med. timida (Olivier 1883) comb. nov., both transferred from Luciola, and one new species, Med. fraseri Nada sp. nov. from Malaysia. The range of this genus now extends from Australia and the island of New Guinea to SE Asia. Medeopteryx semimarginata females have wide paired bursa plates. Pygoluciola Wittmer 1939 now includes 19 species with 5 new species: P. bangladeshi Ballantyne sp. nov., P. dunguna Nada 2018, P. matalangao Ballantyne sp. nov. (scored by the code name ‘Jeng Matalanga’ in Ballantyne & Lambkin 2013), P. phupan Ballantyne sp. nov. and P. tamarat Jusoh sp. nov. Six species are transferred from Luciola: P. abscondita (Olivier 1891) comb. nov., P. ambita (Olivier 1896) comb. nov., P. calceata (Olivier 1905) comb. nov., P. insularis (Olivier 1883) comb. nov., P. nitescens (Olivier 1903b) comb. nov. and P. vitalisi (Pic 1934) comb. nov., and redescribed from males, and includes female reproductive anatomy for P. nitescens comb. nov. and P. dunguna, both of which have hooked bursa plates. Serratia Ballantyne gen. nov. is erected for S. subuyania gen. et sp. nov. and characterised by the serrate nature of certain antennal flagellar segments in the male. The following 37 species listed under species incertae sedis are further explored: Colophotia miranda Olivier 1886, Lampyris serraticornis Boisduval 1835, Luciola angusticollis Olivier 1886, L. antennalis Bourgeois 1905, L. antica (Boisduval 1835), L. apicalis (Eschscholtz 1822), L. aurantiaca Pic 1927, L. bicoloriceps Pic 1924, L. binhana Pic 1927, L. bourgeoisi Olivier 1895, L. dilatata Pic 1929, L. exigua (Gyllenhall 1817), L. exstincta Olivier 1886, L. fissicollis Fairmaire 1891, L. flava Pic 1929, L. flavescens (Boisduval 1835), L. fukiensis Pic 1955, L. immarginata Bourgeois 1890, L. incerta (Boisduval 1835), L. infuscata (Erichson 1834), L. intricata (Walker 1858), L. japonica (Thunberg 1784), L. klapperichi Pic 1955, L. lata Olivier 1883, L. limbalis Fairmaire 1889, L. marginipennis (Boisduval 1835), L. melancholica Olivier 1913a, L. robusticeps Pic 1928, L. ruficollis (Boisduval 1835), L. spectralis Gorham 1880, L. stigmaticollis Fairmaire 1887, L. tincticollis Gorham 1895, L. trivandrensis Raj 1947, L. truncata Olivier 1886, L. vittata (Laporte 1833) Pteroptyx atripennis Pic 1923 and P. curticollis Pic 1923. While phylogenetic analyses indicate their distinctiveness, no further taxonomic action is taken with Luciola cruciata Motschulsky 1854 and L. owadai Sâtô et Kimura 1994 from Japan given the importance of the former as a national icon. Analyses also indicate that Lampyroidea syriaca Costa 1875 belongs in Luciola s. str. A much wider taxonomic analysis of this genus including all the species is necessary before any further action can be taken.

Torbjörn Ahlström: Underjordiska dödsriken – Humanosteologiska studier av neolitiska kollektivgravar.(Niels H. Andersen)Søren H. Andersen: Ronæs Skov. Marin­arkæologiske undersøgelser af kystboplads fra Ertebølletid.(Anders Fischer)Hans Andersson, Gitte Hansen og Ingvild Øye (red.): De første 200 årene – nyt blikk på 27 skandinaviske middelalderbyer. (Hans Krongaard Kristensen)Magnus Artursson: Bebyggelse och samhällsstruktur. Södra och mellersta Skandinavien under senneolitikum och bronsålder 2300-500 f.Kr.(Martin Egelund Poulsen)Pauline Asingh: Grauballemanden – ­portræt af et moselig.(Morten Ravn)Karl-Ernst Behre: Landschaftsgeschichte Norddeutschlands. Umwelt und Siedlung von der Steinzeit bis zur Gegenwart.(Sabine Karg og Bent Aaby)Karen M. Boe, Torsten Capelle og Christian Fischer (red.): Tollundmandens verden – Kontinentale kontakter i tidlig jernalder.(Jeanette Varberg)Linda Boye & Ulla Lund Hansen (eds.): Wealth and Prestige. An Analysis of Rich Graves from Late Roman Iron Age on Eastern Zealand, Denmark.(Jørgen Lund)Andres Siegfried Dobat: Werkzeuge aus kaiserzeitlichen Heeresausrüstungsopfern. Mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Fundplätze Illerup Ådal und Vimose.(Martin Rundkvist)K. Eliasen, E.B. Fisker, E. Hædersdal, P. Kristiansen, M.G. Krogh & M. Vedsø (red.): Bygningsarkæologiske Studier 2006-2008.(Lars Krants)Anton Englert og Athena Trakadas (red.): Wulfstan’s Voyage. The Baltic Sea region in the early Viking Age as seen from shipboard.(Sarah Croix)Berit Valentin Eriksen (red.): Lithic Technology in Metal Using Societies.(Jan Apel)Palle Eriksen, Torben Egebjerg, Lis Helles Olesen og Hans Rostholm: Vikinger i Vest. – Vikingetiden i Vestjylland.(Søren M. Sindbæk)Thomas Eriksson: Kärl och social gestik. Keramik I Mälardalen 1500 BC-400 AD.(Julie Lolk)Hermann Fabini: Die Kirchenburgen der Siebenbürger Sachsen.(Hans Skov)Frands Herschend: The Early Iron Age in South Scandinavia. Social Order in Settlement and Landscape.(Mads Kähler Holst)Charlotta Hillerdal: People in Between. Ethnicity and Material Identity – a New Approach to Deconstructed Concepts. (Charlotte Damm)Xenia Pauli Jensen og Lars Christian Nørbach: Illerup Ådal 13, Die Bögen, Pfeile und Äxte.(Ole Nielsen)Rud Kjems: Niels Sørensen. Træhandleren der tolkede skåltegnene.(Sven Thorsen)Iben Skibsted Klæsøe (red.): Viking ­Trade and Settlement in Continental Europe.(Poul Baltzer Heide)Jan Peder Lamm, Sigrid Frizlen, ­Romas Jaročkis, Gintautas Zabiela (eds.): Apuolė. Ausgrabungen und Funde 1928-1932.(Marika Mägi)Åsa M. Larsson: Breaking & Making Bodies and Pots. Material and Ritual Practices in Sweden in the Third Millennium BC.(Niels H. Andersen)Jesper Laursen og Lars Jørgensen (red.): Dronning Margrethe og arkæologien.(Anne Knudsen)Johan Ling: Elevated Rock Art. Towards a maritime understanding of rock art in northern Bohuslän, Sweden.(Richard Bradley)Jan Skamby Madsen & Lutz Klassen: Fribrødre Å. A late 11th century ship-handling site on Falster. (Christer Westerdahl)Rikke Malmros: Vikingernes syn på militær og samfund belyst gennem skjaldenes fyrstedigtning.(Thomas Lindkvist, Bjørn Poulsen og Kurt Villads Jensen)Camilla Mordhorst: Genstandshistorier. Fra Museum Wormianum til de moderne ­museer.(Martin Brandt Djupdræt)Eigil Nikolajsen: Vikingeskibet og Apotekeren(Karsten Kjer Michaelsen)Ebbe Nyborg og Jens Vellev (red.): hikuin 36. Kirkearkæologi i Norden 9.(Henriette Rensbro)Bodil Petersson & Peter Skoglund (red.): Arkeologi och identitet.(Tim Flohr Sørensen)Sissel F. Plathe og Jens Bruun: ­Danmarks Middelalderlige Altertavler – og anden billedbærende kirkeudsmykning af betydning for liturgien og den private andagt.(Hans Krongaard Kristensen)Mads Runge: Nørre Hedegård. En nordjysk byhøj fra ældre jernalder.(Jes Martens)Per Ole Schovsbo: Tranbær Mosefund 1875-96.(Jørgen Lund)Joachim Schultze: Haithabu – Die Siedlungsgrabungen. I. Methoden und Möglichkeiten der Auswertung. (Hans Skov)Martin Segschneider (red.): Ringwälle und verwandte Strukturen des ersten Jahrtausends n. Chr. an Nord- und Ostsee.(Silke Eisenschmidt)Ingrid Stoumann: Ryttergraven fra Grimstrup – og andre vikingetidsgrave ved Esbjerg.(Jens Jeppesen)Vivian Wangen: Gravfeltet på Gunnarstorp i Sarpborg, Østfold. Et monument over dødsriter og kultutøvelse i yngre bronsealder og eldste jernalder.(Anders Kaliff)Viggo Nielsen: Oldtidsagre i Danmark. Sjælland, Møn og Lolland-Falster.(Michael Vinter)

Abstract After the First World War, Serbia was facing the lack of hospitals and physicians, and organization of the health care system was a real challenge. Both problems were closely associated with dermatovenereology. Between the two world wars, a great contribution to the development of Serbian dermatovenereology as a current discipline was given by Prof. Dr. Đorđe Đorđević, who was the first director of the Clinic for Skin and Venereal Diseases in Belgrade (1922 - 1935), and by his closest associate Prof. Dr. Milan Kićevac (1892 - 1940) who was his successor at the position of the director of the Clinic (1935 - 1940). In 1922, Prof. Dr. Đorđe Đorđević was the founder of two institutions significant for Serbian dermatovenereology: Clinic for Skin and Venereal Diseases, where he also acted as a director, and the Department of Dermatovenereology at the School of Medicine in Belgrade, where he was the first teacher of dermatovenereology. In 1927, Prof. Dr. Đorđe Đorđević initiated the foundation of the Dermatovenereology Section of the Serbian Medical Society, and he and his associate and successor, Prof. Dr. Milan Kićevac were the main organizers of the Association of Dermatovenereologists of Yugoslavia. With this Association, all other regional dermatovenereology sections in the County became parts of the Pan-Slavic Dermatovenereology Association. Prof. Dr. Đorđe Đorđević and Prof. Dr. Milan Kićevac also organized the First, Second and the Third Yugoslav Dermatovenereology Congresses (1927, 1928, and 1929), and in 1931, the Second Congress of Pan-Slavic Dermatovenereology Association. Their teamwork resulted in legislation concerned with health care, eradication of venereal diseases and prostitution, and finally with setting the foundation for professional and scientific dermatovenereology in Serbia. Prof. Đ. Đorđević investigated current problems of venereal diseases and organized professional expeditions in Serbia and Montenegro studying the expansion of syphilis. However, in his experimental work, Prof. M. Kićevac investigated photo-dermatoses and the IV venereal disease, at the same time pointing to immunological phenomena in streptococcal and staphylococcal infections. Dr. Vojislav Mihailović (1879 - 1949) was a significant figure in Serbian dermatovenereology and acted as the Chief of the Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases within the General Public Hospital in Belgrade. His scientific papers and books on the history of dermatovenereology and general medicine had a great impact on the Serbian dermatovenereology. His books dealing with the history of dermatovenereology: “The History of Venereal Diseases till 1912” and “Out of the History of Sanitary Health Care in the Rebuilt Serbia from 1804 - 1860”. Associate Professor Dr. Sava Bugarski (1897 - 1945), a student of Prof. Dr. Kićevac and later the director of Clinic for Skin and Venereal Diseases in Belgrade (1940 - 1945), was engaged in the field of experimental dermatovenereology. Dr. Jovan Nenadović (1875 - 1952), one of the most eminent physicians in Novi Sad, took part in the foundation and work of the Dermatovenereology Section of the Serbian Medical Society as well as its honorary life president. In 1919, he founded the Dermatovenereology Department within the Novi Sad Hospital, as well as an Outpatient Dermatovenereology Clinic, outside the Hospital, although he was the director of both institutions. In the period between the two world wars, among the most prominent physicians of the Military Sanitary Headquarters who contributed the development of dermatovenereology were the chiefs of the Dermatovenereology Department of the General Military Hospital in Belgrade: Major, later on, Brigadier General, Dr. Božidar Janković (1874 - 1936), and the Sanitary Brigadier General, Dr. Milivoje Pantić (1885 - 1959). Dr. B. Janković wrote important professional papers, among which the following are most significant: ”Fight against Venereal Diseases in the Army” and ”Treatment of Syphilis with Silber-Salvarsan.” Distinguished physicians of the military sanitary service, such as Dr. Petar Davidović, made significant contributions to the work of civilian dermatovenereology institutions of that time. In 1921, Dr. Petar Davidović was the director of the newly founded Venereal Department of the Niš Public Hospital, which was on a high professional level.

Changes to the treatment of Coleoptera family-group names published by Bouchard et al. (2011) are given. These include necessary additions and corrections based on much-appreciated suggestions from our colleagues, as well as our own research. Our ultimate goal is to assemble a complete list of available Coleoptera family-group names published up to the end of 2010 (including information about their spelling, author, year of publication, and type genus). The following 59 available Coleoptera family-group names are based on type genera not included in Bouchard et al. (2011): Prothydrinae Guignot, 1954, Aulonogyrini Ochs, 1953 (Gyrinidae); Pogonostomini Mandl 1954, Merismoderini Wasmann, 1929, †Escheriidae Kolbe, 1880 (Carabidae); Timarchopsinae Wang, Ponomarenko & Zhang, 2010 (Coptoclavidae); Stictocraniini Jakobson, 1914 (Staphylinidae); Cylindrocaulini Zang, 1905, Kaupiolinae Zang, 1905 (Passalidae); Phaeochroinae Kolbe, 1912 (Hybosoridae); Anthypnidae Chalande, 1884 (Glaphyridae); Comophorini Britton, 1957, Comophini Britton, 1978, Chasmidae Streubel, 1846, Mimelidae Theobald, 1882, Rhepsimidae Streubel, 1846, Ometidae Streubel, 1846, Jumnidae Burmeister, 1842, Evambateidae Gistel, 1856 (Scarabaeidae); Protelmidae Jeannel, 1950 (Byrrhoidea); Pseudeucinetini Csiki, 1924 (Limnichidae); Xylotrogidae Schönfeldt, 1887 (Bostrichidae); †Mesernobiinae Engel, 2010, Fabrasiinae Lawrence & Reichardt, 1966 (Ptinidae); Arhinopini Kirejtshuk & Bouchard, 2018 (Nitidulidae); Hypodacninae Dajoz, 1976, Ceuthocera Mannerheim, 1852 (Cerylonidae); Symbiotinae Joy, 1932 (Endomychidae); Cheilomenini Schilder & Schilder, 1928, Veraniini Schilder & Schilder, 1928 (Coccinellidae); Ennearthroninae Chûjô, 1939 (Ciidae); Curtimordini Odnosum, 2010, Mordellochroini Odnosum, 2010 (Mordellidae); Chanopterinae Borchmann, 1915 (Promecheilidae); Heptaphyllini Prudhomme de Borre, 1886, Olocratarii Baudi di Selve, 1875, Opatrinaires Mulsant & Rey, 1853, Telacianae Poey, 1854, Ancylopominae Pascoe, 1871 (Tenebrionidae); Oxycopiini Arnett, 1984 (Oedemeridae); Eutrypteidae Gistel, 1856 (Mycteridae); Pogonocerinae Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1985 (Pyrochroidae); Amblyderini Desbrochers des Loges, 1899 (Anthicidae); Trotommideini Pic, 1903 (Scraptiidae); Acmaeopsini Della Beffa, 1915, Trigonarthrini Villiers, 1984, Eunidiini Téocchi, Sudre & Jiroux, 2010 (Cerambycidae); Macropleini Lopatin, 1977, Stenopodiides Horn, 1883, Microrhopalides Horn, 1883, Colaphidae Siegel, 1866, Lexiphanini Wilcox, 1954 (Chrysomelidae); †Medmetrioxenoidesini Legalov, 2010, †Megametrioxenoidesini Legalov, 2010 (Nemonychidae); Myrmecinae Tanner, 1966, Tapinotinae Joy, 1932, Acallinae Joy, 1932, Cycloderini Hoffmann, 1950, Sthereini Hatch, 1971 (Curculionidae). The following 21 family-group names, listed as unavailable in Bouchard et al. (2011), are determined to be available: Eohomopterinae Wasmann, 1929 (Carabidae); Prosopocoilini Benesh, 1960, Pseudodorcini Benesh, 1960, Rhyssonotini Benesh, 1960 (Lucanidae); Galbini Beaulieu, 1919 (Eucnemidae); Troglopates Mulsant & Rey, 1867 (Melyridae); Hippodamiini Weise, 1885 (Coccinellidae); Micrositates Mulsant & Rey, 1854, Héliopathaires Mulsant & Rey, 1854 (Tenebrionidae); Hypasclerini Arnett, 1984; Oxaciini Arnett, 1984 (Oedemeridae); Stilpnonotinae Borchmann, 1936 (Mycteridae); Trogocryptinae Lawrence, 1991 (Salpingidae); Grammopterini Della Beffa, 1915, Aedilinae Perrier, 1893, Anaesthetinae Perrier, 1893 (Cerambycidae); Physonotitae Spaeth, 1942, Octotomides Horn, 1883 (Chrysomelidae); Sympiezopinorum Faust, 1886, Sueinae Murayama, 1959, Eccoptopterini Kalshoven, 1959 (Curculionidae). The following names were proposed as new without reference to family-group names based on the same type genus which had been made available at an earlier date: Dineutini Ochs, 1926 (Gyrinidae); Odonteini Shokhin, 2007 (Geotrupidae); Fornaxini Cobos, 1965 (Eucnemidae); Auletobiina Legalov, 2001 (Attelabidae). The priority of several family-group names, listed as valid in Bouchard et al. (2011), is affected by recent bibliographic discoveries or new nomenclatural interpretations. †Necronectinae Ponomarenko, 1977 is treated as permanently invalid and replaced with †Timarchopsinae Wang, Ponomarenko & Zhang, 2010 (Coptoclavidae); Agathidiini Westwood, 1838 is replaced by the older name Anisotomini Horaninow, 1834 (Staphylinidae); Cyrtoscydmini Schaufuss, 1889 is replaced by the older name Stenichnini Fauvel, 1885 (Staphylinidae); Eremazinae Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1977 is treated as unavailable and replaced with Eremazinae Stebnicka, 1977 (Scarabaeidae); Coryphocerina Burmeister, 1842 is replaced by the older name Rhomborhinina Westwood, 1842 (Scarabaeidae); Eudysantina Bouchard, Lawrence, Davies & Newton, 2005 is replaced by the older name Dysantina Gebien, 1922 which is not permanently invalid (Tenebrionidae). The names Macraulacinae/-ini Fleutiaux, 1923 (Eucnemidae), Anamorphinae Strohecker, 1953 (Endomychidae), Pachycnemina Laporte, 1840 (Scarabaeidae), Thaumastodinae Champion, 1924 (Limnichidae), Eudicronychinae Girard, 1971 (Elateridae), Trogoxylini Lesne, 1921 (Bostrichidae), Laemophloeidae Ganglbauer, 1899 (Laemophloeidae); Ancitini Aurivillius, 1917 (Cerambycidae) and Tropiphorini Marseul, 1863 (Curculionidae) are threatened by the discovery of older names; Reversal of Precedence (ICZN 1999: Art. 23.9) or an application to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature will be necessary to retain usage of the younger synonyms. Reversal of Precedence is used herein to qualify the following family-group names as nomina protecta: Murmidiinae Jacquelin du Val, 1858 (Cerylonidae) and Chalepini Weise, 1910 (Chrysomelidae). The following 17 Coleoptera family-group names (some of which are used as valid) are homonyms of other family-group names in zoology, these cases must be referred to the Commission for a ruling to remove the homonymy: Catiniidae Ponomarenko, 1968 (Catiniidae); Homopterinae Wasmann, 1920, Glyptini Horn, 1881 (Carabidae); Tychini Raffray, 1904, Ocypodina Hatch, 1957 (Staphylinidae); Gonatinae Kuwert, 1891 (Passalidae); Aplonychidae Burmeister, 1855 (Scarabaeidae); Microchaetini Paulus, 1973 (Byrrhidae); Epiphanini Muona, 1993 (Eucnemidae); Limoniina Jakobson, 1913 (Elateridae); Ichthyurini Champion, 1915 (Cantharidae); Decamerinae Crowson, 1964 (Trogossitidae); Trichodidae Streubel, 1839 (Cleridae); Monocorynini Miyatake, 1988 (Coccinellidae); Gastrophysina Kippenberg, 2010, Chorinini Weise, 1923 (Chrysomelidae); Meconemini Pierce, 1930 (Anthribidae). The following new substitute names are proposed: Phoroschizus (to replace Schizophorus Ponomarenko, 1968) and Phoroschizidae (to replace Schizophoridae Ponomarenko, 1968); Mesostyloides (to replace Mesostylus Faust, 1894) and Mesostyloidini (to replace Mesostylini Reitter, 1913). The following new genus-group name synonyms are proposed [valid names in square brackets]: Plocastes Gistel, 1856 [Aesalus Fabricius, 1801] (Lucanidae); Evambates Gistel, 1856 [Trichius Fabricius, 1775] (Scarabaeidae); Homoeoplastus Gistel, 1856 [Byturus Latreille, 1797] (Byturidae). Two type genera previously treated as preoccupied and invalid, Heteroscelis Latreille, 1828 and Dysantes Pascoe, 1869 (Tenebrionidae), are determined to be senior homonyms based on bibliographical research. While Dysantes is treated as valid here, Reversal of Precedence (ICZN 1999: Art. 23.9) is used to conserve usage of Anomalipus Guérin-Méneville, 1831 over Heteroscelis.

IN THE SHADOW OF THE PALMS: The Selected Works of David Eugene Smith by Tristan Abbey, ed. Alexandria, VA: Science Venerable Press, 2022. xii + 155 pages, including a Glossary of Biosketches. Paperback; $22.69. ISBN: 9781959976004. *David Eugene Smith (1860-1944) may not be a household name for readers of this journal, but he deserves to be better known. An early-twentieth-century world traveler and antiquarian, his collaboration with publisher and bibliophile George Arthur Plimpton led to establishing the large Plimpton and Smith collections of rare books, manuscripts, letters, and artefacts at Columbia University in 1936. He was one of the founders (1924) and an early president (1927) of the History of Science Society, whose main purpose at the time was supporting George Sarton's ongoing management of the journal ISIS, begun a dozen years earlier. Smith also held several offices in the American Mathematical Society over the span of two decades and was a charter member (1915) and President (1920-1921) of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA). *Smith is best known, however, for his pioneering work in mathematics education, both nationally and internationally. In 1905, he proposed setting up an international commission devoted to mathematics education (now the International Commission on Mathematical Instruction) to explore issues of common concern to mathematics teachers on all levels, worldwide. He was actively involved in reviving this organization after its dissolution during the First World War and served as its President from 1928 to 1932. Nationally, Smith was instrumental in inaugurating the field of mathematics education, advancing this discipline professionally both in his role as mathematics professor at the prestigious Teachers College, Columbia University (1901-1926) and as an author of numerous best-selling mathematics textbooks for elementary and secondary schools. These texts were not focused solely on mathematical content; they also dealt substantively with teaching methodology, applications, rationales for studying the material, and significant historical developments. *Throughout his life Smith championed placing mathematics within the wider liberal arts setting of the humanities, highlighting history, art, and literary connections in his many talks, articles, and textbooks. For him there was no two-cultures divide, as it later came to be known. While acknowledging the value of utilitarian arguments for studying mathematics (he himself published a few textbooks with an applied focus), he considered such a rationale neither sufficient nor central. For him, mathematics was to be studied first of all for its own sake, appreciating its beauty, its reservoir of eternal truths, and its training in close logical reasoning. But again, for him this did not mean adopting a narrow mathematical focus. In particular, given his wide-ranging interest in how mathematics developed in other places and at other times, he tended to incorporate historical narratives in whatever he wrote. *This interest led him later in life to write a popular two-volume History of Mathematics. The first volume (1923) was a chronological survey from around 2200 BC to AD 1850 that focused on the work of key mathematicians in Western and non-Western cultures; the second volume (1925) was organized topically around subjects drawn from the main subfields of elementary mathematics. His History of Mathematics was soon supplemented by a companion Source Book in Mathematics (1929), which contained selected excerpts in translation from mathematical works written between roughly 1475 and 1875. Smith wrote at a time when the history of mathematics was beginning to expand beyond the boundaries of Greek-based Western mathematics to include developments from non-Western cultures (Egyptian, Babylonian, Indian, Chinese, Japanese, and Arabic), a trend he approved of and participated in professionally. *Smith's interest in broader issues extended even to exploring possible linkages between religion and mathematics. His unprecedented parting address to members of the MAA as its outgoing President is titled "Religio Mathematici," a reflection on mathematics and religion that was reproduced a month later as a ten-page article in The American Mathematical Monthly (1921) and subsequently reprinted several times. Smith's article "Mathematics and Religion" appearing in the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics' sixth yearbook Mathematics in Modern Life (1931) touched on similar themes. These two essays maintain that mathematics and religion are both concerned with infinity, with eternal truths, with valid reasoning from assumptions, and with the existence of the imaginary and higher dimensions, "the great beyond," enabling one to draw fairly strong parallels between them. Thus, a deep familiarity with these facets of mathematics may help one to appreciate the essentials of religion. Mathematics itself was thought of in quasi-religious terms, as "the Science Venerable." Smith's farewell address partly inspired Francis Su in his own presidential retirement address to the MAA in 2017 and in its 2020 book-length expansion Mathematics for Human Flourishing (see PSCF 72, no. 3 [2020]: 179-81). Su's appreciation of Smith's ideas also led him to contribute a brief Foreword to the booklet under review, to which we now turn. *First a few publication details: In the Shadow of the Palms is an attractive booklet produced as a labor of love by someone obviously enamored with his subject. Tristan Abbey is a podcaster with broad interests that include being a "math history enthusiast," but whose primary professional experience up to now has been focused on the environmental politics of energy and mineral resources. This work is the initial (and so far the only) offering by a publication company Abbey set up. Its name, Science Venerable Press, was chosen in honor of Smith's designation for mathematics. *One might classify this work non-pejoratively as a coffee-table booklet. It contains 50 excerpts (Su terms them "short meditations") from a wide range of Smith's writings, selected, categorized, and annotated by Abbey, along with full-page reproductions of eight postcards mailed back home by Smith on his world travels, and two photos, including Smith's Columbia-University-commissioned portrait. Smith's excerpted writing occupies only 109 of the total 167 pages, nearly two dozen of which are less than half full. The amply spaced text appears on 3.25 inches of the 7 inch-wide pages, the outer margins being reserved for Abbey's own auxiliary notes explaining references and allusions that appear in the excerpt. This gives the book lots of white space; in fact, eighteen pages of the booklet are completely blank. Another nine pages contain 75 short biographical sketches of mathematicians taken from Smith's historical writings; these are unlinked to any of the excerpts, but they do indicate the breadth of his historical interests. Unfortunately, no index of names or subjects is provided for the reader who wants to learn whether a person or a topic is treated anywhere in the booklet; the best one can do in this regard is consult the titles Abbey assigns the excerpts in the Table of Contents. *The booklet gives a gentle introduction to Smith's views on mathematics, mathematics education, and the history of mathematics. The excerpts chosen are more often literary than discursive. Smith was a good writer, able to keep the reader's attention and convey the sentiments intended, but these excerpts do not develop his ideas in any real length. They portray mathematics in radiant--sometimes fanciful--terms that a person disposed toward the humanities might find attractive but nevertheless judge a bit over-the-top: mathematicians are priests lighting candles in the chapel of Pythagoras; mathematics is "the poetry of the mind"; learning geometry is like climbing a tall mountain to admire the grandeur of the panoramic view; progress in mathematics hangs lanterns of light on major thoroughfares of civilization; and retirement is journeying through the desert to a restful oasis "in the shadow of the palms." Some passages are parables presented to help the reader appreciate what mathematicians accomplished as they overcame great obstacles. *While the excerpts occasionally recognize that mathematics touches everyday needs and is a necessary universal language for commerce and science, without which our world would be unrecognizable, their main emphasis--in line with Smith's fundamental outlook--is on mathematics' ability on its own to deliver joy and inspire admiration of its immortal truths. These are emotions many practicing mathematicians and mathematics educators share; Smith's references to music, art, sculpture, poetry, and religion are calculated to convey to those who are not so engaged, some sense of how thoughtful mathematicians value their field--as a grand enterprise of magnificent intrinsic worth. *In the Shadow of the Palms offers snapshots of the many ideas found in Smith's prolific writings about mathematics, mathematics education, and history of mathematics. It may not attract readers, though, who do not already understand and appreciate Smith's significance for these fields. Abbey himself acknowledges that his booklet "only scratches the surface of [Smith's] contributions" (p. 4). A recent conference devoted to David Eugene Smith and the Historiography of Mathematics (Paris, 2019) is a step toward recognizing Smith's importance, but a comprehensive scholarly treatment of Smith's work within his historical time period remains to be written. *Reviewed by Calvin Jongsma, Professor of Mathematics Emeritus, Dordt University, Sioux Center, IA 51250.

RESUMO Objetivos: discutir os conteúdos dos manuais, com ênfase na ortopedia, em prol do desenvolvimento da cultura dos cuidados de enfermagem. Métodos: método histórico-cultural articulado à técnica de análise documental. As fontes foram os manuais de enfermagem - portugueses, franceses, ingleses e espanhóis -, no período de 1875 a 1928. Resultados: este estudo apontou para 12 obras - 6 de autoria de médicos, 2 de enfermeiras, 3 institucionais e 1 Irmã de Caridade - que apresentaram, de forma transversal, o processo de profissionalização iniciado na Europa. Os manuais abordaram cuidados nos primeiros socorros e maneiras de imobilização, desde as mais simples, como as talas improvisadas, até a aplicação do aparelho gessado. Conclusões: a atuação das enfermeiras, mesmo que de forma limitada, mostrava que elas eram capazes de observar os sinais de alerta para que os médicos pudessem atuar, salvo algumas exceções.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to discuss the content of manuals, with emphasis on orthopedics, in support of the development of nursing care culture. Methods: cultural-historical method articulated with document analysis technique. The sources were nursing manuals - Portuguese, French, English, and Spanish - from 1875 to 1928. Results: this study pointed to 12 works - 6 authored by physicians, 2 by nurses, 3 institutional, and 1 by a Sister of Charity - that presented, in a transversal way, the professionalization process initiated in Europe. The manuals addressed first aid care and immobilization methods, from the simplest, such as improvised splints, to the application of plaster casts. Conclusions: the nurses’ work, even in a limited capacity, showed that they were able to observe warning signs so that doctors could act, with some exceptions.

Један од најугледнијих и најуваженијих савремених српских истори- чара, Милорад Екмечић, преминуо је 29. августа 2015. у Београду. Рођен је 4. октобра 1928. у селу Пребиловци код Чапљине, у којем су усташе 1941. извршиле стравичан злочин над Србима убивши више стоти- на Срба. Животе је током Другог свјетског рата изгубило 69 чланова по- родице Екмечић, међу којима и његови родитељи – отац Илија и мајка Кристина. Основну школу је завршио у Чапљини, а гимназију у Мостару. На Свеучилишту у Загребу дипломирао је 1952. Исте године биран је за асистента на Филозофском факултету у Сарајеву на којем је радио пуне четири деценије (1952–1992). Докторску дисертацију Устанак у Босни 1875–1878. године одбранио је 1958. у Загребу. У два наврата радио је као гостујући професор на америчким универзитетима. Рат је Екмечића зате- као у Сарајеву. Муслиманске снаге су га ухапсиле маја 1992. заједно са по- родицом па је неко вријеме био затворен или смјештен у кућни притвор. Успио је пребјећи на територију Републике Српске, а потом је дошао у Бе- оград гдје је радио као редовни професор Филозофског факултета. Пензи- онисан је октобра 1994.

Bu araştırmada, ülkemizde tütün ve teknolojisi ile ilgili tek uzmanlık kolu olan tütün eksperliği meslek mensuplarının yaptıkları lisansüstü tez çalışmaları hakkında bilgi edinilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Türkiye’de tütün eksperliği mesleğinin tarihi geçmişi 1875’lere dayanmaktadır. Tütün eksperliği eğitiminde ise, 1928 Yılından itibaren önceleri kurs şeklinde başlayan süreç, daha sonra 1975 yılında yüksekokulu bünyesinde devam etmiştir. Tütün eksperliği mesleğinin lisans düzeyinde eğitimi 1984 yılında başlamış, ilk yüksek lisans eğitimi 1987 yılında, doktora eğitimi ise 1990 yılında elde edilmiştir. 1987-2020 Yıllarını kapsayan süreçte 52 tütün eksperi-tütün teknolojisi mühendisi lisansüstü eğitim yapmışlardır. Araştırmada tütün eksperlerinin fen ve sosyal bilim enstitülerinde 4 temel bilim alanının farklı programlarında farklı bilim dallarında lisansüstü çalışması yaparak bilim alanına katkı sundukları ortaya çıkmıştır.

Avukatlık kurumu Osmanlı hukuk sistemine 1875 tarihinden sonra girmiştir. Bu makalede, Osmanlı hukukçularının avukatlık mesleğine bakışı hukuk literatüründe yer alan makaleler çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nin son döneminden, Cumhuriyet döneminde Muhamat Kanunu’nun çıkarılmasına kadar olan zaman dilimini içeren bu çalışmada, ilk olarak Tanzimat Dönemi öncesinde davaya vekâlet (murafaaya vekalet) kavramına değinilmiştir. Ardından Tanzimat Döneminde dava vekilliğine geçilmesi ve dava vekâleti kurumunun kurumsallaşmasına yer verilmiştir. Araştırmada, 1910-1928 yılları arasında Muhamat ve Mizan’ül-Hukuk dergilerinde dava vekilliği konusunda yazılmış makaleler ışığında dönem hukukçularının avukatlık mesleği konusundaki düşünceleri ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. İncelenen makalelerde, avukatlarda olması gereken nitelikler, ruhsatnameli ve ruhsatnamesiz dava vekâleti, mesleğe kabul şartları, vekâlet ücreti gibi konuların öne çıktığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmayla, Osmanlı hukukçularının hazırlanmakta olan Muhamat Kanunu’ndan beklentilerini belirlerken ayrıca avukatlık mesleğinin profesyonel şekilde yapılanması için yaptıkları çalışmaların cumhuriyete yansımalarını göstermek de hedeflenmiştir.

The Afrotropical species of the genus Tibellus Simon, 1875, are revised. Of the 10 previously recognised species of long-bodied grss spiders from this region, eight are redescribed and figured. Two species, T. punctifasciatus Strand, 1906, and T. robustus Simon, 1886, are considered nomina dubia. Five new species, T. cobusi, T. gerhardi, T. nimbaensis, T. somaliensis and T. sunetae, are described and three previously recognised subspecies of T. vossioni Simon, 1884, namely T. v. armatus Lessert, 1928, T. v. flavipes Caporiacco, 1941, and T. v. minor Lessert, 1919, are given species status. The genus Tibellinus Simon, 1910, is a junior synonym of Tibellus. Tibellinus australis is transferred to the genus Tibellus. The males of T. armatus stat. nov. and T. hollidayi Lawrence, 1952, are described for the first time. A key to 17 recognised species is given. Distributional data are provided for all species.