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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "1865-1936"
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KIRKENDALL, LAWRENCE R. "Taxonomic changes for Neotropical pinhole borer ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Platypodinae)". Zootaxa 5410, nr 2 (13.02.2024): 199–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5410.2.3.
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Stephen L. Wood re-defined Platypus such that its members are native to realms outside of the Americas and transferred most Neotropical species out of that genus. I have come across 44 species that still remain, though, and these are treated here. In total, I report 49 new generic assignments, 30 of which are transfers out of Platypus. I propose 22 new synonymies, eight of which are Platypus species that are synonymized with previously transferred species. Six Neotropical species are left in Platypus, for reasons detailed in the text. These taxonomic acts affect the compositions of eight of the 11 Neotropical genera of core Platypodinae. The following species are transferred from Platypus Herbst, 1793: Cenocephalus dubiosus (Schedl, 1933) comb. nov., Cenocephalus neotruncatus (Schedl, 1972) comb. nov.; Costaroplatus barbosai (Schedl, 1972) comb. nov., Costaroplatus devius (Schedl, 1976) comb. nov., Costaroplatus mixtus (Schedl, 1976) comb. nov., Costaroplatus roppai (Schedl, 1978) comb. nov.; Epiplatypus bicaudatulus (Schedl, 1935) comb. nov., Epiplatypus carduus (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov., Epiplatypus complanus (Schedl, 1967) comb. nov., Epiplatypus grandiporus (Schedl, 1961) comb. nov., Epiplatypus insculptus (Schedl, 1967) comb. nov., Epiplatypus macroporus (Chapuis, 1865) comb. nov., Epiplatypus perforans (Schedl, 1961) comb. nov., Epiplatypus propinquus (Schedl, 1959) comb. nov., Epiplatypus quadrispinatus (Chapuis, 1865) comb. nov., Epiplatypus sallei (Chapuis, 1865) comb. nov., Epiplatypus sequius (Schedl, 1935) comb. nov.; Euplatypus detectus (Schedl, 1976) comb. nov., Euplatypus erraticus (Schedl, 1972) comb. nov., Euplatypus longulus (Chapuis, 1865) comb. nov., Euplatypus perplexus Bright, 1972 comb. nov., Euplatypus rugosifrons (Schedl, 1933) comb. nov., Euplatypus vexans (Schedl, 1972) comb. nov.; Megaplatypus asperatus (Schedl, 1976) comb. nov., Megaplatypus carinifer (Schedl, 1970), Megaplatypus durus (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov., Megaplatypus eversus (Wood, 1971) comb. nov., Megaplatypus gagates (Schedl, 1976) comb. nov., Megaplatypus irrepertus (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov., Megaplatypus lineaticornis (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov., Megaplatypus paramonovi (Schedl, 1972) comb. nov., Megaplatypus schedli (Wood, 1966) comb. nov., Megaplatypus vafer (Schedl, 1972) comb. nov.; Teloplatypus caligatus (Schedl, 1972) comb. nov. Costaroplatus bidens (Schedl, 1970) comb. nov. and Costaroplatus darlingtoni (Reichardt, 1965) comb. nov. are transferred from Megaplatypus Wood, 1993. Costaroplatus vonfaberi (Reichardt, 1962) comb. nov. is transferred from Platyphysus Wood, 1993. Epiplatypus striatus (Chapuis, 1865) comb. nov., Megaplatypus contextus (Schedl, 1963) comb. nov., Megaplatypus decorus (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov. and Megaplatypus dignatus (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov. are removed from Euplatypus Wood, 1993. Epiplatypus ornatus (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov. is transferred from Teloplatypus Wood, 1993. Euplatypus jamaicensis Bright, 1972 comb. nov., Megaplatypus discolor (Blandford, 1896) comb. nov., Teloplatypus brasiliensis (Nunberg, 1959) comb. nov., Teloplatypus nudus (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov. and Teloplatypus pernudus (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov. are transferred from Epiplatypus Wood, 1993. Costaroplatus ornatus (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov., is transferred from Cenocephalus Chapuis, 1865. Megaplatypus acutidens (Blandford, 1895) comb. nov. and Megaplatypus despectus (Schedl, 1971) comb. nov. are transferred from Tesserocerus Saunders, 1837. New synonymies are proposed as follows: Cenocephalus rugicollis Schedl, 1952 (= Cenocephalus epistomalis Wood, 1966 syn. nov.); Tesserocerus forcipatus Schedl, 1972 (= Platypus aplanatus Schedl, 1976 syn. nov.); Tesserocerus retusus Guérin-Méneville, 1838 (= Tesserocerus guerini ssp. montanus Schedl, 1960 syn. nov.); Tesserocerus simulatus Schedl, 1936 (= Platypus bilobus Schedl, 1961 syn. nov.); Tesserocerus spinax Blandford, 1896 (= Tesserocephalus forficula Schedl, 1936 syn. nov.); Costaroplatus carinulatus (Chapuis, 1865) (= Platypus umbrosus Schedl, 1936 syn. nov.); Costaroplatus shenefelti Nunberg (1963) (= Platypus abditulus Wood, 1966 syn. nov.); Costaroplatus vonfaberi (Reichardt, 1962) (= Platypus convexus Schedl, 1972 syn. nov.); Epiplatypus sallei (Chapuis, 1865) (= Platypus quadricaudatulus Schedl, 1934 syn. nov. and = Platypus filaris Wood, 1971 syn. nov.); Euplatypus longulus (Chapuis, 1865) (= Platypus dimidiatus Chapuis, 1865 syn. nov. = Platypus mulsanti Chapuis, 1865 syn. nov. and = Platypus pseudolongulus Schedl, 1963 syn. nov. ); Megaplatypus acutidens (Blandford, 1895) (= Tesserocerus alternantes Schedl, 1977 syn. nov.); Megaplatypus durus (Schedl, 1936) (= Platypus arcuatus Schedl, 1976 syn. nov.); Megaplatypus fuscus (Chapuis, 1865) (= Platypus marginatus Chapuis, 1865 syn. nov., = Platypus granarius Schedl, 1952 syn. nov., and = Platypus obsitus Schedl, 1976 syn. nov.); Megaplatypus irrepertus (Schedl, 1936) (= Platypus sulcipennis Schedl, 1976 syn. nov.); Neotrachyostus abbreviatus (Chapuis, 1865) (= Platypus concavus Chapuis, 1865 syn. nov.); Teloplatypus enixus (Schedl, 1936) (= Platypus interponens Schedl, 1978 syn. nov.); Teloplatypus ratzeburgi (Chapuis, 1865) (= Platypus pallidipennis Blandford, 1896 syn. nov.). Platypus simpliciformis Wood, 1966 had been transferred by Wood (1993) to both Megaplatypus and Euplatypus by mistake; I propose keeping it in Megaplatypus. Six Neotropical species are left in the genus Platypus with the status incertae sedis: Platypus armatus Chapuis, 1865; Platypus dorsalis Schedl, 1972; Playpus quadrilobus Blandford, 1895; Platypus squamifer Schedl, 1963; Platypus subaequalispinosus Schedl, 1936; and Platypus trispinosus Chapuis, 1965. These taxonomic changes prepare the foundations for future revisionary work on the American Platypodinae.
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Webb, George. "Rudyard Kipling 1865–1936". Round Table 76, nr 302 (kwiecień 1987): 254–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00358538708453812.
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SANKARAN, PRADEEP M., i POTHALIL A. SEBASTIAN. "The South Asian millipede genus Chondromorpha Silvestri, 1897 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae, Sulciferini): redescriptions and synonymies". Zootaxa 4350, nr 1 (16.11.2017): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4350.1.3.
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The South Asian millipede genus Chondromorpha Silvestri, 1897 is diagnosed and its relationship with Parchondromorpha Jeekel, 1980 is established. The species C. atopus (Chamberlin, 1920) and C. indus (Chamberlin, 1920), as well as the subspecies C. kelaarti kelaarti (Humbert, 1865), C. kelaarti longipes (Verhoeff, 1936) and C. kelaarti valparaiensis (Carl, 1932) are recognised as junior synonyms of C. kelaarti (Humbert, 1865), thereby reducing the total number of Chondromorpha spp. in India to four: C. kaimura Turk, 1947, C. kelaarti, C. mammifera Attems, 1936 and C. severini Silvestri, 1897 (the type-species). Two species, C. kelaarti and C. mammifera, are redescribed and illustrated in detail. All four Indian Chondromorpha spp. are keyed, and the known distribution records of C. kelaarti and C. mammifera are mapped.
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Brown, P. "American martyrs to radiology. Clarence Madison Dally (1865-1904). 1936." American Journal of Roentgenology 164, nr 1 (styczeń 1995): 237–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.164.1.7998548.
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Brown, P. "American martyrs to radiology. Wolfram Conrad Fuchs (1865-1908). 1936." American Journal of Roentgenology 164, nr 4 (kwiecień 1995): 1013–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.164.4.7726012.
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O’Dell, Gary A. "Under Siege: Kentucky and the Transformation of American Thoroughbred Racing, 1865–1936". Register of the Kentucky Historical Society 118, nr 3 (2020): 389–446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/khs.2020.0055.
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Hudeček, Jiří J. "The Slender-billed Curlew (Numenius tenuirostris) in Bohemia". Acta Musei Silesiae, Scientiae Naturales 69, nr 2 (1.03.2020): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cszma-2020-0015.
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Abstract The Slender-billed Curlew (Numenius tenuirostris) erases of Czech Rarities Committee for Ornithology to December 15, 2011 from Czech bird’s checklist. The first discovery of Othmar Reiser (1861-1936) is located in Cheb in Bohemia, in Czech Republic (50°04′47″N/12°22′26″E; grid square 5940); not in Hungary. Jiří Janda's (1865-1938) locality “from Bohemia”, without precise locality (the evaluation of localities in entomology). Present is reply to emphasize absolutelly scientific competence of Czech zoologist Jiří Janda, personality in Czech and European ornithology. The presented text analyses the transfer of the literature until 1945.
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Spero, Howard J. "Life History and Stable Isotope Geochemistry of Planktonic Foraminifera". Paleontological Society Papers 4 (październik 1998): 7–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1089332600000383.
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Application of planktonic foraminifera to micropaleontological, paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic research has enjoyed more than 150 years of activity. During the first century, foraminifera were used primarily for biostratigraphic analysis. Although fossil shells were recognized from beach sands and deep sea sediments as early as 1826 (d'Orbigny, 1826; Parker and Jones, 1865), it wasn't until Owen (1867) and the scientific results of the Challenger expedition (Brady, 1884) that the planktonic life habitat of these marine protozoans was clearly established. By the early 20th century, researchers were studying the biology of planktonic foraminifera at the cellular level (Rhumbler, 1901; Le Calvez, 1936), and linking their distributional patterns to regions of the ocean surface (Lohmann, 1920; Schott, 1935).
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Stratulat, Lacramioara, Maria Geba i Daniela Salajan. "Village from Muscel by Ion Marinescu Valsan State of Conservation and the Chromatic Palette". Revista de Chimie 69, nr 12 (15.01.2019): 3464–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.12.6770.
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Ion Marinescu V�lsan (1865 - 1936) was a Romanian painter belonging to the modern Romanian art from the beginning of the 20th century. Many of the paintings painted by him have picturesque landscapes in his native town, Malureni, Arges County. He was influencedby Nicolae Grigorescu. Village from Muscel painting, by Ion Marinescu V�lsan, was examined by several non-invasive techniques (Vis, UV &grazing light examination, IR reflectography, optical microscopy and X-rays fluorescence spectrometry) to obtain information on its chromatic palette and state of conservation. Zinc white, Lead white, Prussian blue, Cinnabar, Chrome yellow, Yellow ochre, Red ochre, Viridian and Burnt umber were used as the pigments, while the preparation layer is from Chalk, Zinc white, Lead white, identified by XRF analysis.
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LIU, YUBIN, PAT HUTCHINGS i ELENA KUPRIYANOVA. "Two new species of Marphysa Quatrefages, 1865 (Polychaeta: Eunicida: Eunicidae) from northern coast of China and redescription for Marphysa orientalis Treadwell, 1936". Zootaxa 4377, nr 2 (31.01.2018): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4377.2.3.
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Two new species of Marphysa Quatrefages, 1865 (Polychaeta: Eunicida: Eunicidae), M. bulla n. sp. and M. maxidenticulata n. sp., are described from the northern coast of China with comments on the usefulness of pectinate chaetae to separate species. A redescription of Marphysa orientalis Treadwell, 1936 originally described from China is given. The genus Marphysa is widely collected for bait for recreational fishermen and anglers in China and is also exported to Australia and Japan, yet the number of species involved or their native distribution are currently unknown. It is critical that aquaculture programs know which species they are attempting to breed and their native distributional ranges. A key to all described species of Marphysa from China, including two new species described in this paper is given.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "1865-1936"
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Hernández, Adell Ismael. "La difusión de un nuevo alimento: producción y consumo de leche en España, 1865-1936". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96856.
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Los cambios en la dieta occidental que se evidenciaron a partir del siglo XIX se han explicado a partir del modelo de transición nutricional. En líneas generales, el cambio en la alimentación de los europeos se materializó en una sustitución de las dietas basadas en el consumo de cereales por otras basadas en las legumbres, los tubérculos y los productos de origen animal como la carne, los huevos y la leche. Lejos de ser homogénea, la transición de una a otra dieta experimentó importantes diferencias a escala territorial. A nivel internacional el proceso se inició en los países del centro y el norte de Europa mientras que los países de la cuenca mediterránea se incorporaron más tarde. Dentro de los diferentes países, las áreas urbanas se adelantaron a las rurales en la introducción y asimilación de las nuevas pautas alimentarias. Sin embargo, en el caso español, y a diferencia de otros países de Europa central o del norte, la leche líquida y más concretamente la de vaca, no constituyó un alimento para la población española durante buena parte del siglo XIX y su presencia en la dieta sólo empezó a ser significativa hasta bien entrado el siglo XX. La hipótesis fundamental del trabajo es que al principio del período estudiado la demanda de leche era muy poco sensible a cambios en la renta (al contrario de productos como la carne y el pescado), debido a que la leche era poco valorada como alimento. La concepción social con respecto a la leche y sus propiedades alimenticias cambió en torno a 1900, empezándose a considerar por los distintos grupos de población como un alimento sano y completo. La tesis analiza las restricciones técnicas, ganaderas, ambientales y culturales a las que se enfrentó la difusión del consumo de leche en el contexto español. Con este fin, la investigación aborda las siguientes cuestiones: (1) analiza las aportaciones teóricas con respecto a la introducción de la leche líquida en la dieta occidental; (2) aporta nuevas evidencias cuantitativas sobre el consumo de leche en España y otros países europeos entre finales del siglo XIX y finales del XX; (3) explica la evolución cuantitativa del vacuno español, su distribución provincial y su capacidad de ofertar leche al mercado español en el contexto de un país sin una tradición lechera remarcable; (4) aporta una nueva interpretación de la evolución del ganado vacuno español a partir de la transformación cualitativa experimentada por una parte de este ganado con el fin de potenciar la producción lechera; (5) aporta nuevas estimaciones del consumo de leche a escala provincial realizadas a partir del estudio de las variedades de vacuno existentes en España; (6) contrasta los modelos de suministro de leche de Barcelona y Madrid con otras ciudades europeas, destacando las dificultades técnicas y ambientales que condicionaron el suministro de leche en las ciudades españolas; y (7) evalúa el impacto de los avances en medicina y nutrición en la promoción de la leche como alimento. En definitiva, el presente trabajo integra nuevas variables en el estudio de la transición alimentaria en nuestro país. He partido de la premisa que la transformación de la dieta es un fenómeno complejo en el que han intervenido, e intervienen, diferentes aspectos agrarios, sociales, económicos y técnicos. La difusión de la leche líquida en España muestra que la introducción de un alimento en la dieta depende de variables diversas, que no siempre se comportan del mismo modo en diferentes contextos y que algunas de ellas son ajenas a una interpretación estrictamente económica.Changes in European diet which were evident from the nineteenth century have been explained with the nutrition transition model. Broadly, changes in European feeding were materialized in the substitution of diets based on cereal consumption by others based on legumes, tubers and products of animal origin such as meat, eggs and milk. Far from being homogeneous, the transition from one to another diet experienced significant differences between countries and regions. Internationally, the process began in the countries of Central and Northern Europe while Mediterranean countries joined later. Within the different countries, urban areas and rural areas were ahead in the introduction and assimilation of new food patterns. However, in the Spanish case, and unlike other Central and Northern European countries, fluid milk or, more specifically, cow’s milk, was not a food for the Spanish population during most of the nineteenth century and its presence in the diet only became significant well into the twentieth century. The fundamental hypothesis of this research is that at the beginning of the period the demand for milk was very insensitive to changes in income (as opposed to products such as meat and fish), because the milk was little valued as food. The social conception regarding milk and its nutritional properties changed around 1900, when it began to be considered by different groups of population as a whole and healthy food. The thesis analyzes technical, livestock, environmental and cultural constraints which the spread of milk consumption confronted in the Spanish context. For this purpose, the research deals with the following issues: (1) examines the theoretical contributions regarding the introduction of fluid milk in the Western diet; (2) provides new quantitative evidence on milk consumption in Spain and other European countries between 1850s and 2000; (3) explains the quantitative evolution of the Spanish cattle in each province and its ability to offer milk to the Spanish market in the context of a country without a remarkable dairy tradition; (4) provides a new interpretation of the evolution of Spanish cattle from the qualitative transformation experienced by some of these cattle to enhance milk production; (5) provides new estimates of milk consumption at the provincial level; (6) compares the milk supply models of Barcelona and Madrid with other European cities, highlighting the technical and environmental difficulties which affected the supply of milk in Spanish cities; and (7) evaluates the impact of advances in medicine and nutrition in the promotion of milk as food. In conclusion, this paper integrates new variables in the study of the nutrition transition in our country. I started from the premise that dietary transformation of a society cannot be explained only from a single variable. On the contrary, I considered that the transformation of the diet is a complex phenomenon in which participated, and still they do, different agricultural, social, economic and technical factors. The spread of fluid milk as food in Spain shows that the introduction of a food in the diet depends on several variables, which do not always behave in the same way in different contexts and that some of them are beyond a strictly economic interpretation.
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Amrani, Ourida. "La valeur symbolique de l'Inde chez Rudyard Kipling". Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040032.
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Dans la symbolique de l'Inde, le mot "symbole" tel que nous l'avons distingué est "image". C'est l'image de l'Inde elle-même. Cette Inde est suggérée par l'objet immédiat et la description qu'en donne Kipling s'élargit jusqu'à devenir une "vision" puis un "symbole". L'Inde est le symbole du monde et de la vie et comme l'inde est intimement liée aux étapes et aux racines de la vie de Kipling, elle est non seulement un symbole extérieur mais c'est aussi un symbole intérieur car elle est liée à ce qu'il y a de plus intime dans la nature personnelle, la vie, les sentiments et les idées de l'homme Kipling. Nous avons utilisé la méthode psychologique associée à la méthode sociologique dans la première partie intitulée "l'Inde dans la vie de Kipling" la deuxième partie à été consacrée à Kipling et à la recherche de son identité, quête chargée de toute une portée symbolique héritée des réalités de l'occident autant que des songes de l'enfance. Enfin, notre troisième partie a été de recréer en recourant à toutes les formes possibles de l'analyse, plus qu'un paysage de l'Inde, un univers symbolique, ainsi l'Inde de Kipling a été décrite tour à tour comme symbole de paradis, de nostalgie ou d'enfer, symbole de l'empire britannique et du monde actif, symbole de la quête religieuse et enfin symbole du mondeIn the symbolism of India, the word "symbol" is considered as meaning an "image". It is the "image" of India herself. Kipling's India is suggested by the immediate object and the description that he gives us grows into a "vision", then becomes a "symbol". India is the symbol of the world and of life. And, as India is intimately linked to the stages and roots of Kipling’s life, she is not only an external symbol, but also an inner one. India is linked to what is innermost in the personal nature of the man Kipling, his life, his sentiments and his ideas. To explain this, we have used the psychological method associated with the sociological one in the first part entitled "India in Kipling’s life", the second part is about Kipling’s search for identity, a quest for the other self with a whole symbolic value inherited of the realities of the west as well as of the dreams of childhood. Finally, in the third part we have described the landscape of India herself as a symbolic universe. Thus, Kipling’s India has been described as a symbol of paradise, of nostalgia, of hell, a symbol of the British Empire and the world of action, a symbol of the religious quest and lastly a symbol of the world
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Becker, Elizamari Rodrigues. "Forças motrizes de uma contística pré-modernista : o papel da tradução na obra ficcional de Monteiro Lobato". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/7650.
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Este estudo objetiva analisar três forças motrizes que muito influenciaram a escritura de Monteiro Lobato: o conto, a tradução e a ideologia humanista. Conhecido por sua literatura infantil, pouco se estudou sobre sua obra adulta e menos ainda sobre sua profícua atividade tradutória. Como contista, Lobato pode ser dito – ao lado de Machado de Assis – um dos grandes incentivadores do conto, resgatando-o de sua posição marginal e elevando-o à categoria de gênero literário em uma época geralmente negligenciada pela crítica – sua produção anterior à Semana de Arte Moderna (1922) –, alcançando seu público através de estratégias de marketing inovadoras e, portanto, formando um novo público leitor brasileiro. Seus ideais nacionalistas e suas crenças ideológicas estão presentes em tudo o quanto escreveu, proporcionando ao leitor do século XXI um claro panorama de sua época. O humanismo é, se não a mais visível ideologia em sua obra, a que gerou maior conflito, sobretudo em contraste com sua formação cristã e seu refinado tom pessimista. Tendo traduzido mais de cem livros, Lobato contribuiu indiscutivelmente tanto para a circulação quanto para a edição de obras traduzidas – inglesas e norteamericanas em sua maioria –, enriquecendo, dessa forma, nosso polissistema literário e promovendo uma sensível mudança no status da tradução, marginal e secundária na época. Ele consciente e cuidadosamente escolhia o que traduzia com o intuito de alcançar um objetivo: dar ao público leitor brasileiro – especialmente ao infantil – literatura estrangeira de qualidade. Segundo ele, Kipling estava arrolado entre os “sumos” contistas, o que o levou a traduzir e publicar suas obras, experiência que resultou tanto na apropriação quanto na expropriação daqueles textos, o que pode ser facilmente verificado por qualquer leitor atento tanto da contística quanto do epistolário de Lobato, nas muitas estratégias por ele empregadas: empréstimos, invocações de personagens, reconstrução de histórias e imagens das narrativas de Kipling.
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Raimbault, Elodie. "Figures de l'espace et de la frontière dans la fiction de Rudyard Kipling". Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030128.
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Voyageur durant toute sa vie, connaisseur de l’Inde, des États-Unis, de l’Afrique du Sud et du Sussex, défenseur de l’Empire britannique quand sa stabilité territoriale est menacée, Rudyard Kipling possède une expérience de l’espace mondial directe et physique qu’on retrouve problématisée sur les plans thématique, narratif et stylistique dans sa fiction. La notion de frontière produit à tous niveaux des relations de différentiation et d’opposition mais aussi de contact et d’échanges : le voyage se fait conquête, aventure ou vagabondage, le rapport à l’espace est politique ou poétique. L’espace impérial est nécessairement délimité et Kipling conçoit un Empire agent fédérateur d’une mosaïque de nations. Stylistiquement, la phrase de Kipling parvient de même à fédérer des langues et registres variés sans nuire à l’unité textuelle et la narration se fonde sur l’articulation entre les éléments individuels et l’ensemble. L’instance narrative crée des lignes de convergence qui relient entre eux les récits en créant des réseaux d’œuvre à œuvre, aboutissant à la construction partielle d’un monde cohérent et à une possibilité d’ouverture dans cet espace balisé. L’économie interne des œuvres les révèle en tant qu’objets composites et unifiés, faisant jouer poèmes et illustrations au sein de recueils de nouvelles, intrigue principale et micro récits dans les romans. Le texte est figuration à part entière lorsqu’il inclut une carte annotée et qu’il crée un espace typographique signifiant et moderne. Mettant en regard l’espace représentant et l’espace représenté, l’agencement du texte et celui du monde narratif qu’il peint, l’espace littéraire kiplingien fonctionne de façon dynamiqueRudyard Kipling was a traveller all his life and a champion of the British Empire at the time when its territorial stability was put at risk; he knew India, the U.S.A., South Africa and Sussex intimately. His direct and physical experience of the globe frames the thematic, narrative and stylistic characteristics of his novels and short story collections. Through the notion of borderline, relationships of differentiation, opposition, contact and exchange are built up thematically, in the narrative and in the style: the traveller is represented as a conqueror, an adventurer or a wanderer and global space is apprehended either politically or poetically. Imperial space is necessarily delineated and Kipling conceives of an Empire federating a mosaic of nations. Likewise, Kipling’s sentences stylistically patch up diverse languages, dialects and registers without endangering their textual unity and his narration hinges on the relation between separate elements and the whole text. The narrative authority creates converging lines between stories and networks appear between books, building up a coherent fictional world which suggests the possibility of an opening in this highly demarcated space. In their internal organisation, the books are at once composite and unified, the main narrative interacting with poems and illustrations in the short story collections and with micro narratives in the novels. Text becomes truly figurative in the annotated maps and when the typographical space is modern and significant. Kipling’s literary space dynamically confronts physical territories and a linguistic representative space, the textual organisation and the narrative world it depicts
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Miladi-Cherif, Hajer. "Lieux d'écriture : les patries imaginaires de Rudyard Kipling et Salman Rushdie". Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030053.
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Cette etude s'insere dans le cadre du debat postcolonial en s'engageant dans une lecture relationnelle de rudyard kipling et salman rushdie et en cherchant a decrire la negociation ideologique et poetique qui anime leurs versions respectives de la rencontre anglo-indienne a des moments clefs. Si la litterature postcoloniale est generalement consideree en termes de reecriture et de << contre-attaque >> par rapport au canon occidental, l'objectif de cette etude est de demontrer que dans le cas de rushdie, une telle structure oppositionnelle est problematique puisqu'elle dissimule aussi un vaste champ d'intersections imaginaires et que les frontieres entre discours colonial et postcolonial peuvent etre mouvantes. Afin de pouvoir examiner ces lieux d'ecriture, le premier chapitre de cette etudeest consacre aux formes utilisees pour transcrire l'inde ainsi qu'aux couleurs attribuees a l'espace narratif. Le deuxieme chapitre etudie la maniere dont l'ecriture s'elance dans le grand jeu de la traduction, de l'espionnage et du voyeurisme, a la recherche de modalites de connaissance de l'inde. Le troisieme chapitre est consacre a la representation de l'alterite indienne chez kipling et a la maniere dont la fiction de rushdie cherche a deconstruire les typologies kiplingienne selon une redistribution des roles. Toutefois, cette deconstruction trouve ses limites quand il s'agit de la representation de l'alterite feminine. Dans le dernier chapitre, les filiations et les structures d'appartenance qui emergent des configurations familiales chez les deux auteurs sont elargies a une consideration generale des affiliations de l'ecriture a ses contextes de reception.
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Estus, Steven Clark. "Home and who: A rhetorical analysis of Rudyard Kipling's "Tiger! tiger!' and "Letting in the jungle"". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2343.
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These stories are representative of an idea that is repeatedly expressed both in the concrete details of Kipling's stories and in the way he uses language. It is possible to see that Kipling, the archetypical man of the empire, may not always have been the empire's man in his work; and causes for that may be found in the alluring, very non-English place he lived in for several years of his youth: India.
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Montebello, Natalia Monzón. "Federalismo e autogestão: anarquismo - Proudhon, guerra civil espanhola". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2995.
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The notions of federalism and self-management are used composing a analytic point of view on experimentation in the Pierre-Joseph Proudhon and the Spanish Civil War. The analytic experimentation Policy propose questions that provoke conversation today with Gilles Deleuze, Michel Foucault and Nietzsche Friedich, as well the presence of Federico García Lorca. It is dissolving the identity, philosophy and history, out of play of the identity. In Proudhon, the serial analitic unfolds in decentralized federalism articulated to mutualism, as sliding out of State, that not only dispenses with the formality intitucional, as well as state form as well as of thought. Thus, the interruption of the centrality and the hierarchy of State describes in the anarchism the affirmation of freedom practices and free lifestyle of the sovereign. The anarchism don t happens as the oppositions to the State, but as invention of exist-rience free absolute authority, projecting itself as a multiplicity of partnerships, in the coexistence of the differents in equality. In the Spanish Civil War, the invention of freedon practices settles in the nineteenth century as social revolution that subervert the politic and economic fields demarked on the struggles of workers
As noções de federalismo e autogestão são utilizadas compondo um ponto de vista analítico na experimentação em Pierre-Joseph Proudhon e na Guerra Civil Espanhola. A experimentação analítica propõe questões que provocam conversas na atualidade, com Gilles Deleuze, Michel Foucault e Friedich Nietzsche, assim como também a presença de Federico García Lorca. Trata-se de dissolver as identidades, na filosofia e na história, fora da interpretação teórica. Em Proudhon, a analítica serial desdobra-se no federalismo descentralizado articulado ao mutualismo, como deslizamento fora do Estado, que não só prescinde da formalidade institucional, como também da forma Estado do pensamento. Dessa maneira, a interrupção da centralidade e da hierarquia do Estado descreve no anarquismo a afirmação de práticas de liberdade como estilo de vida livre do soberano. O anarquismo, então, não acontece como oposição ao Estado, mas como invenção da existência livre do absoluto da autoridade, projetando-se como multiplicidade de associações, na coexistência dos diferentes na igualdade. Na Guerra Civil Espanhola, a invenção de práticas de liberdade instala-se no século XIX como revolução social que suberverte os campos político ou econômico demarcados nas lutas dos trabalhadores
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Delmas, Catherine. "L'Orient dans le roman britannique, 1895-1950 : mythe et réalité". Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040016.
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La représentation de l'Orient dans le roman britannique moderne ne peut se limiter à l'exotisme et au pittoresque de sa couleur locale. Au-delà du mythe réducteur d'un Orient fabuleux de nombreux romans présentent une vision de l'Orient qui si elle a pu être influencée par l'orientalisme et le contexte idéologique impérialiste de l'époque, n'en offre pas moins la représentation d'une réalité: celle d'un retour au sacré, d'une part, pour des écrivains tels que Forster et Kipling qui se tournent vers l'hindouisme et le bouddhisme pour y puiser de nouveaux mythes; celle de l'imaginaire, d'autre part, lorsque les mythes associés à l'Orient dans les romans du corpus révèlent certains archétypes ancrés au plus profond de notre imaginaire. Le roman d'aventures devient ainsi celui de l'aventure de l'âme et le voyage mythologique l'expression métaphorique d'une quête existentielle menant le héros dans le monde clos de son refuge où il mêle de façon paradoxale repli sur soi et quête de transcendance. Lorsque le mythe paradisiaque se fait descente aux enfers, mythe et réalité de l'Orient s'inscrivent alors dans une représentation métaphysique plus vaste du mondeThe way the east is represented in the modern British novel cannot be limited to an exotic or a picturesque description. Beyond the clichés and the limitations imposed by the myth of the fabulous east, most novels offer a vision which comes close to reality - although it may have been influenced by orientalism and the imperialistic context of the time: firstly when such as foster and Kipling turn to the sacred myths of Hindu and Buddhist civilizations and cultures; secondly when the myths that are usually associated with the east reveal various archetypes anchored in man's imagination. The adventure novel becomes the soty of an inner journey into the self. The mythological voyage is then the metaphorical representation of an existential quest undertaken by a hero looking for an eastern refuge where he hopes to forget the outside world and reach transcendence. When the myth of the Garden of Eden becomes a descent into hell, the myth and the reality of the east are ultimately part of a metaphysical representation of the world
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Chemmachery, Michaux Jaine. "Modernité et colonisation : les nouvelles sur l’empire de Rudyard Kipling et de Somerset Maugham". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN20026/document.
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Les nouvelles coloniales de Kipling et de Maugham mettent en scène, respectivement, la société anglo-indienne à l’époque du Raj et la vie dans les colonies anglaise et hollandaise des îles d’Asie du sud-est durant l’entredeux-guerres. Malgré ces spécificités contextuelles et l’écart temporel entre les époques auxquelles les deux auteurs écrivent leurs nouvelles, ces dernières sont invariablement traversées par le motif d’une colonisation pensée comme crise. Or le genre de la nouvelle porte formellement l’idée de crise. En utilisant le rapprochement opéré par les études postcoloniales entre modernité et colonisation comme paradigme de lecture, cette thèse montre comment la nouvelle peut opérer une prise spécifique sur ce rapport et se révéler lieu de trouble. Dans le cadre de cette réflexion sur la propension de ce genre à déstabiliser la modernité politico-philosophique et les idéologies qu’elle charrie – la promotion de la raison, du savoir, du progrès – il apparaît que les nouvelles de Kipling et de Maugham opèrent selon des modalités différentes. Celles de Kipling interrogent poétiquement le politique et la modernité tels qu’ils apparaissent dans leur spécificité coloniale par le biais d’une écriture qui opère depuis les marges, ce par un double décalage par rapport au roman domestique. Le fait même de prendre pour objet la société coloniale, elle-même située sur les marges de la société métropolitaine anglaise, s’inscrit en effet dans une écriture du décentrement. Les nouvelles de Maugham s’énoncent elles aussi depuis certainesmarges mais s’inscrivent davantage dans un constat général du déclin de la civilisation européenne durant l’entre-deux-guerres et dans une réflexion sur la situation de l’écrivain face à divers centres, sources d’autorité et de savoir. Le trouble que produit la nouvelle est donc certes lié au statut de « voix solitaire » de cette dernière mais surtout à sa position de marginalitéKipling’s and Maugham’s short stories respectively stage Anglo-Indian society during the Raj and English and Dutch colonial societies in interwar South-East Asia. In spite of contextual differences and the two specific moments when the authors wrote their short stories, the latter invariably deal with a problematic colonisation seen as a crisis while the genre of the short story formally conveys the notion of crisis. By using the relation between modernity and colonisation as it was conceptualised by the Postcolonial studies as a paradigm, this dissertation shows how short stories can operate a specific take on this relation and be considered as a site of disturbance. In this reflection on the propensity of short stories to destabilise political and philosophical modernity and the various ideologies it is associated with – such as the promotion of reason, of knowledge, of progress – Kipling’s and Maugham’s colonial short fictions seem to operate in different ways. Kipling’s short stories poetically question the “political” and modernity as they appear in the colonial paradigm through awriting that operates from a marginal position moving away from the domestic novel. By focusing on colonial society, itself being located on the margins of English metropolitan society, the writers’ works practise a decentering form of writing. Maugham’s short stories partake more of a general feeling about the decline of European civilisation in the interwar period but also reflect on the location of the writer who faces various centres which produce knowledge and cultural authority. The destabilising effect of the short story is certainly linked to its position as a “lonely voice” but above all to its marginal position
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Roberts, Timothy Paul English UNSW. "Little terrors:the child???s threat to social order in the Victorian bildungsroman". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. English, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23930.
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This thesis is a study of rebellious child protagonists in Victorian bildungsroman. It discusses five novels ??? Jane Eyre, The Mill on the Floss, What Maisie Knew, Vanity Fair and Kim ??? that feature ???radical child??? protagonists who use indirect methods of narrative control to resist conservative models of character development. It argues that these novels form a subset of subversive English bildungsromane, which threaten the genre???s traditionally liberal values. Theories of narrative desire, reader seduction and discursive manipulation are used to reveal how the radical child in the Victorian bildungsroman takes command of the reader???s sympathy and gains power over the realist text, despite its physical and social powerlessness. Especially important is the presence of a fantasy counterplot, which coexists with, and ultimately undermines, the bildungsroman???s realistic surface narrative of successful socialisation. The counterplot allows radical child protagonists to develop in a non-linear manner that contradicts bourgeois ideals of stable progress. Focusing instead on sites of rupture between the individual and society, subversive bildungsromane resist both the dialectical model of character, which aims to harmoniously unite the protagonist with the realist world, and the dialogic model of interaction, which requires the restriction of personal liberty for the common good. This rebellious child in the Victorian bildungsroman thus represents an assault on the genre???s democratic ideals. Rejecting compromise, the radical child replaces the bildungsroman???s central ethic of interpersonal responsibility with an individualistic ethic of domination. Indeed, the thesis argues that the appeal of such child protagonistslies in their rejection of the obligatory, but anticlimactic, exchange of freedom for security that underpins the realist bildungsroman???s social contract, a rejection attractive to the reader precisely because it is unrealisable in reality. Finally, the thesis compares this radical child with the Gothic monster. While the monster is punished for its subversion, the radical child???s counterplot enables it to enact most of its subversive desires unpunished. The conservative English bildungsroman thus becomes a more effective way of representing asocial energies than the more obviously radical Gothic genre, which openly displays its anti-democratic sentiments.
Książki na temat "1865-1936"
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Guerri, Pietro. Pietro Guerri: 1865-1936. Montevarchi [Italy]: Comune di Montevarchi, Biblioteca comunale, 1991.
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Rudyard, Kipling. Rudyard Kipling: 1865-1936. Norwich: Jarrold, 1992.
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Harutʻyunyan, Babken. Hovhannes Abelyan: Kyankʻi ev steghtsagortsutʻyan taregrutʻyun, 1865-1936. Erevan: Haykakan SSH GA Hratarakutʻyun, 1987.
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Abraham, Mildred K. From palm to pine: Rudyard Kipling, 1865-1936. [Charlottesville, Va: University of Virginia Library], 1990.
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Musée du Petit Palais (Paris, France), red. La noche española: Flamenco, vanguardia y cultura popular, 1865-1936. [Madrid]: Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, 2008.
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Musée du Petit Palais (Paris, France), red. La nuit espagnole: Flamenco, avant-garde et culture populaire, 1865/1936. Paris: Paris musées, 2008.
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Mishchenko, Mikhail. Prinoshenie Glazunovu: K 140-letii︠u︡ so dni︠a︡ rozhdenii︠a︡ Aleksandra Konstantinovicha Glazunova (1865-1936) : ocherki. Sankt-Peterburg: Kulʹt-inform-press, 2006.
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Kipling, Rudyard. Something of myself and other autobiographical writings. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
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Rudyard, Kipling. The sayings of Rudyard Kipling. London: Duckworth, 1994.
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Barr, J. Rudyard Kipling, 1865-1936: An exhibition in the British Library 6 November 1987 to 14 February 1988. London: British Library, 1987.
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McEwan, Neil. "Rudyard Kipling 1865–1936". W The Twentieth Century (1900–present), 104–34. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20151-8_7.
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Link, Sarah J. "Dossier Novels: The Reader as Detective". W Crime Files, 39–84. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33227-2_3.
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AbstractThis chapter examines lists in the context of dossier novels and uses Charles Warren Adams’s The Notting Hill Mystery (1865) and the Murder Dossier novels (1936–1939) by J.G. Links and Dennis Wheatley as case studies. The chapter shows how the dossier format relies on list-based structures, such as footnotes, tables of contents, suspect profiles, and inventories to involve the reader in tracking and (re-)organizing information. The Murder Dossiers take this trend to the extreme by including game-like features such as material pieces of evidence that readers are asked to physically examine. The communicative situation in all dossiers discussed in this chapter has the reader take on the role of the addressee of the text and imparts on them not only the power but also the (implied) responsibility to solve the crime.
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Romashko, S. A. "Hirt, Hermann (1865–1936)". W Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics, 316. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-044854-2/02624-9.
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"Rudyard Kipling (1865–1936)". W London, 468–76. Harvard University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv22jnsm7.111.
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"( Joseph) Rudyard Kipling (1865–1936)". W The Longman Anthology of Gothic Verse, 593–94. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315834023-53.
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"Rudyard Kipling (1865–1936) In Partibus". W London, 468–70. Harvard University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4159/9780674273702-191.
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Schlundt, Rainer. "Als die Lehrer noch Orden bekamen. Die Lebenswelt Nordpfälzer Volksschullehrer von 1865-1936". W Weisheit und Wissenstransfer, 139–48. Verlag Regionalkultur, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748916178-139.
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Sciuto, Jenna Grace. "“We Will Have to Wait”". W Policing Intimacy, 21–46. University Press of Mississippi, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496833440.003.0002.
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In an exploration grounded in the 1865 Black Code and the one-drop rule, this chapter argues that Faulkner’s novels—Absalom, Absalom! (1936), Go Down, Moses(1942,) and Requiem for a Nun(1951)—reveal a deep connection between sexuality and neocolonialism: the circular patterns of abuse and intimacy common to slavery, such as coerced sex across the color line, incest, and the resulting disruption of family bonds, morphed in significant ways in the period following Emancipation but did not disappear. On the surface, the policing of sex, and in particular of racialized and sexualized bodies in Faulkner’s Mississippi, attempted to protect white women; preserve family units; and retain inheritance, land, property, and positions of privilege. However, the true goal was to maintain the color line and preserve colonial ideologies and racist mentalities during periods of upheaval.
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Dubnov, Arie M. "The New “New Jerusalem” as Gateway to the East". W Jerusalem Transformed, 67–93. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197783214.003.0004.
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Abstract The Hebrew University is often described as a “German” university. What happens when we turn our attention to the somewhat forgotten British conceptions and visions of Jerusalem and its university? By exploring English romantic and religious revelations, the paper shows how the British “Garden City” movement and far-reaching theories of “applied sociology” set the stage for the earliest campus plans prepared in the wake of WWI by the Scottish sociologist and urban planner Patrick Geddes (1854–1932). The paper also reveals the critical role performed by the British-Jewish psychoanalyst and political activist Montagu David Eder (1865–1936), who invited Geddes to Jerusalem, and the way in which Geddes’s experiences in India were tied to his attempts to “re-orientalize” the Jews, casting them as those opening the gate to an enchanted “East.” Ultimately, these revelations also explain why the plan failed to materialize and was not endorsed by the Jews themselves.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "1865-1936"
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Connan-Pintado, Christiane. "Métamorphoses d’une histoire d’eau en littérature de jeunesse (1865-2004) Perspectives scientifiques/ littéraires/pédagogiques". W XXV Coloquio AFUE. Palabras e imaginarios del agua. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/xxvcoloquioafue.2016.2489.
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En lien avec l’axe littéraire du colloque, la présente contribution à la réflexion s’attachera à trois « histoires d’eau » publiées en France pour la jeunesse, en l’espèce trois fictions qui ont en commun de prendre pour protagoniste une goutte d’eau : Métamorphoses d’une goutte d’eau, de Zulma Carraud (Hachette, « Petite Bibliothèque rose illustrée », 1864), Histoire de Perlette goutte d’eau de Marie Colmont (Flammarion, « Père Castor », ill. Béatrice Appia, 1936 et Gerda Muller, 1960) et Histoire courte d’une goutte de Beatrice Alemagna (Autrement jeunesse, 2004). Dans la mesure où la littérature pour la jeunesse se caractérise séculairement par la double visée d’instruire et de plaire, on pourra s’interroger sur la manière dont elle accomplit cette mission en jouant de l’anthropomorphisation de l’inanimé et de la fictionnalisation des phénomènes naturels. La perspective diachronique adoptée invite à observer l’évolution de l’édition et de la création pour la jeunesse sur le long terme. Individualisée, humanisée, féminisée, la goutte d’eau devenue personnage prend la parole pour raconter son histoire avec le soutien d’une iconographie de plus en plus prégnante au cours de l’itinéraire qui conduit du livre illustré à l’album contemporain. Si nombre de ressources littéraires sont convoquées pour rendre le savoir plus aimable et le mettre à la portée des enfants, la leçon scientifique semble peu à peu marquer le pas au profit d’un projet poétique, esthétique et/ou idéologique où l’imaginaire de l’eau prend toute sa place. Cette étude prendra appui sur nombre de travaux qui se penchent sur la production pour la jeunesse, afin de mettre en valeur son intérêt historique, littéraire, artistique et pédagogique.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/XXVColloqueAFUE.2016.2489