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Prasetyo, Salsabila Putri, Soni Pratomo, Rusydi Sakran i Fetty Febriasti Bahar. "Pengaruh Ukuran Bukaan Jendela terhadap Pencahayaan Alami pada Perencanaan Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak di Kota Jambi". Jurnal Daur Lingkungan 5, nr 1 (14.03.2022): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/daurling.v5i1.99.
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Meeting the needs of light in hospitals can be obtained through natural and artificial lighting. Natural lighting comes from sunlight that enters the room through window openings. Sunlight is believed to have many benefits, especially in terms of health effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in natural lighting obtained from the difference in the size of the openings in the inpatient ward of the Maternal and Child Hospital Design in Jambi City. The research method was carried out through computer simulation with DIALUX Evo 9.1 software by comparing the size of the 2x2m aperture and the 4x2m aperture. The simulation was carried out on September 1, 2021, with average sky conditions at 09.00, 12.00, and 16.00 WIB. The simulation results show that an opening with a size of 4x2m placed in the middle of the wall produces a greater lighting power (397 lux at 09.00, 467 lux at 12.00, and 1707 lux at 16.00) than two openings with a size of 2x2m ( 318 lux at 09.00, 378 lux at 12.00, and 1202 lux at 16.00). From these values, it is shown that the lighting received in the inpatient room is more than adequate following the Standard Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, which is 250 lux. The results of this simulation show that the lighting in the afternoon is greater than in the noon and the morning.
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Stork-Penning, J. G. "A.J. Veenendaal jr., De briefwisseling van Anthonie Heinsius 1701-1720, VII, 1708 1 januari-30 september". BMGN - Low Countries Historical Review 102, nr 2 (1.01.1987): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/bmgn-lchr.2829.
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Waterloo, M. J., J. Schelleken, L. A. Bruijnzeel, H. F. Vugts, P. N. Assenberg i T. T. Rawaqa. "Chemistry of bulk precipitation in southwestern Viti Levu, Fiji". Journal of Tropical Ecology 13, nr 3 (maj 1997): 427–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400010609.
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ABSTRACTThe amounts and chemical composition of bulk precipitation were investigated over a continuous 21-mo period (January 1990 to September 1991) at four sites along an East-West transect perpendicular to the coast of Southwest Viti Levu, Fiji. Measured rainfall totals in 1990 ranged from 1796 mm at the coastal Korokula station to 2113 mm at the inland Tulasewa station, which is somewhat higher than the long-term average of 1707 mm at a reference weather station located in the centre of the study area. The first 9 mo of 1991 were relatively dry (range 1027–1533 mm) with a total of 1157 mm at the reference site as compared to a long-term average of 1330 mm. Concentrations of all investigated constituents in bulk rainfall were low, except during the passage of cyclone Sina due to the deposition of large amounts of, especially, chloride, sodium and sulphate in sea spray. Concentrations of sodium and magnesium could be explained fully by maritime contributions to the rainfall composition at all sites. Maritime contributions to the concentrations of calcium, sulphate and potassium accounted for 10–40% of the total, whereas bicarbonate, ammonium, nitrate, silicon, aluminium, iron and manganese were derived exclusively from terrestrial sources. The annual atmospheric nutrient deposition rates were low by pan-tropical standards, particularly when the contribution of cyclone Sina was excluded. Annual totals (in kg ha−1) ranged from 2.4–8.8 for nitrogen, 0.4–1.1 for phosphorus, 2.3–4.9 for potassium, 1.4–1.9 for calcium and from 1.1–1.3 for magnesium. The inclusion of the contribution by the cyclone more than doubled the deposition of potassium, calcium and magnesium, although values still remained well within the range reported for humid tropical areas. The estimated atmospheric deposition of nutrients over a typical rotation period (16 y) was sufficient to balance losses in harvestedPinus caribaealogs (stemwood plus bark) of potassium, calcium and magnesium, but not of nitrogen and, probably, phosphorus. Nutrient losses associated with the harvesting of stemwood alone were compensated entirely by the atmospheric inputs.
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Po-chia Hsia, R. "Kilian Stumpf sj, The Acta Pekinensia or historical records of the Maillard de Tournon Legation, II: September 1706–December 1707. Edited by Paul Rule and Claudia von Collani. (Studies in the History of Christianity in East Asia, 1.) Pp. x + 811. Leiden–Boston: Brill, 2019. €199. 978 90 04 39631 9; 2542 3681". Journal of Ecclesiastical History 71, nr 3 (lipiec 2020): 664–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046920000536.
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Elen Riswana Safila Putri, Fahriza Novianti, Yasirah Rezqita Aisyah Yasmin i Dian Candra Rini Novitasari. "PREDIKSI KASUS AKTIF KUMULATIF COVID-19 DI INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL REGRESI LINIER BERGANDA". Transformasi : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan Matematika 5, nr 2 (19.11.2021): 567–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.36526/tr.v5i2.1231.
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Regresi linier berganda digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara variabel respons dengan minimal dua variabel prediktor. Variabel respons merupakan variabel yang dipengaruhi, sedangkan variabel prediktor merupakan variabel yang mempengaruhi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan prediksi kasus aktif kumulatif dengan variabel prediktor kasus positif kumulatif, kesembuhan kumulatif, dan korban meninggal kumulatif pada kasus COVID-19 di Indonesia sejak 1 Mei 2021 hingga 26 Agustus 2021 menggunakan metode regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan prediksi dengan MAPE sebesar 2,11%. Prediksi yang dilakukan memiliki akurasi yang sangat baik karena memiliki nilai galat yang sangat kecil. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa akan terjadi penurunan kasus aktif kumulatif COVID-19 pada 1-5 September 2021 dengan penurunan terbanyak pada 5 September sebesar 17079 orang.
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Mbatha, N., V. Sivakumar, H. Bencherif i S. Malinga. "Extracting gravity wave parameters during the September 2002 Southern Hemisphere major sudden stratospheric warming using a SANAE imaging riometer". Annales Geophysicae 31, nr 10 (15.10.2013): 1709–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-1709-2013.
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Abstract. Using absorption data measured by imaging riometer for ionospheric studies (IRIS) located at the South Africa National Antarctic Expedition (SANAE), Antarctica (72° S, 3° W), we extracted the parameters of gravity waves (GW) of periods between 40 and 50 min during late winter/spring of the year 2002, a period of the unprecedented major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) in the Southern Hemisphere middle atmosphere. During this period, an unprecedented substantial increase of temperature by about 25–30 K throughout the stratosphere was observed. During the period of the occurrence of the major stratospheric warming, there was a reduction of both the GW horizontal phase speeds and the horizontal wavelengths at 90 km. The GW phase speeds and horizontal wavelengths were observed to reach minimum values of about 7 m s−1 and 19 km, respectively, while during the quiet period the average value of the phase speed and horizontal wavelength was approximately 23 m s−1 and 62 km, respectively. The observed event is discussed in terms of momentum flux and also a potential interaction of gravity waves, planetary waves and mean circulation.
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Wang, Yujuan, Shudong Wang, Shengtian Yang, Yuling Zhao, Mingcheng Wang i Banghui Yang. "Application of FY-2 precipitation data in meteorological drought monitoring of the Weihe river basin". World Journal of Engineering 11, nr 5 (1.11.2014): 487–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1708-5284.11.5.487.
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The remote sensing data have become the irreplaceable source of data for the regions with little or without rainfall data, but these data also require scientific analysis, correction and application. This paper uses FY-2 rainfall data and the case studies of the droughts occurred in the Weihe River Basin from 2006 to 2009 to monitor the spatial and temporal evolution of climatic droughts. The monitoring results indicate that: (1) Except for 2008 which was a dry year, the other years in the Weihe River Basin had normal dry/wet conditions; (2) From October 2008 to January 2009, the rainfall was significantly reduced across the Weihe River Basin, and the continual rainfall was even less than 1 mm for December and January with a precipitation anomaly percentage lower than -80%, a sign of severe climatic drought. But the rainfall has improved since February 2009, when the precipitation reached 17.8 mm and Pa exceeded 100%, which helped to relieve the stress from drought resistance. A heavy precipitation continued for four months from June to September 2008, with the Pa exceeding 50%; (3) Due to the better temporal and spatial continuity than the ground-based meteorological observation, FY-2 precipitation data have good application prospects in the meteorological drought monitoring at a national or regional macro-scale.
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Stancic, Blagoje, Mladen Gagrcin i Ivan Radovic. "Effects of season, breed and age on the boar sperm quality: 2. The extended sperm". Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 19, nr 3-4 (2003): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0304025s.
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Total of 182 ejaculates were extended in 1:4 proportions and investigated for progressive motility (PM) ratio, after 24h and 72h of storage at +170C. The boars of Yorkshire, Landrace, Duroc, Hempshire and Pietrain pure breeds and F1-crossbreeds were divided according to age as: ?12, 13-18, 19-24 and ?25 months. Extended sperm samples were investigated within 4 seasons of year January-March, April-June, July-September and October-December. The PM ?65% was estimated in 60% of ejaculates after 24h and in 25% ejaculates after 72h preservation in vitro. Some differences in progressive motility, influenced by season, breed and age of boars, were established. Present results are preliminary and require further investigations.
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wang, yi, Hong Liu, Qingwei Wang, Naian Qiao, Jianbo Wang, Bingxu Tan, Bo Cheng, Yunxia Chu, Huajun Li i Yufeng Cheng. "SHR-1701 plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for unresectable locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, nr 4_suppl (1.02.2023): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.4_suppl.363.
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363 Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard first-line treatment for advanced or metastatic ESCC. Recently, the combination of PD-(L)1 pathway blockade with chemotherapy has shown synergistic efficacy in a few clinical trials. SHR-1701 is a novel bifunctional fusion protein composed of a mAb against PD-L1 fused with the extracellular domain of TGF-β receptor II. The purpose of this ongoing phase II trial (ChiCTR2000039909) was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SHR-1701 combined with chemotherapy for unresectable locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic ESCC in China. Methods: This trial enrolled systemic treatment-naive patients(pts) with histologically or cytologically confirmed unresectable locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic ESCC who had ECOG PS of 0-1. Eligible pts received SHR-1701 (30mg/kg, iv, d1, q3w) combined with up to 6 cycles of albumin-bound paclitaxel (125mg/m2, iv, d1, d8, q3w) and cisplatin (75mg/m2, iv, d1, q3w). For those without progressive disease, maintenance treatment was administrated with SHR-1701 monotherapy until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), safety and biomarkers. Results: As of September 21, 2022, 18 pts were enrolled. The median age was 67.5 years (range: 46–75 years) and 16 (88.9%) were male. 10 of the pts (55.6%) presented with distant metastasis. 14 pts were included in the efficacy analysis and 17 were in the safety analysis. The ORR and DCR were 85.7% and 100.0%, respectively. One patient achieved a complete response (CR) which will reach confirmation at next visit. 11 pts had partial response (PR), including 9 confirmed PR, one pending confirmation PR, and one unconfirmed PR. In addition, one PR patient got a CR target lesion. Grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were observed in 23.5% of pts, including neutropenia (11.8%), leukopenia (5.9%), anemia (5.9%), emesis (5.9%) and rash (5.9%). Immune-related AEs (irAEs) were observed in 52.9%, and only one grade 3 irAE of rash occurred. Conclusions: SHR-1701 plus chemotherapy showed potential clinical benefits with acceptable toxicity as first-line treatment, and it might be a favorable option for pts with advanced ESCC. Clinical trial information: ChiCTR2000039909 .
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Vigren, E., J. Dreyer, A. I. Eriksson, F. L. Johansson, M. Morooka i J. E. Wahlund. "Empirical Photochemical Modeling of Saturn’s Ionization Balance Including Grain Charging". Planetary Science Journal 3, nr 2 (1.02.2022): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/ac4eee.
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Abstract We present a semianalytical photochemical model of Saturn’s near-equatorial ionosphere and adapt it to two regions (∼2200 and ∼1700 km above the 1 bar level) probed during the inbound portion of Cassini’s orbit 292 (2017 September 9). The model uses as input the measured concentrations of molecular hydrogen, hydrogen ion species, and free electrons, as well as the measured electron temperature. The output includes upper limits, or constraints, on the mixing ratios of two families of molecules, on ion concentrations, and on the attachment rates of electrons and ions onto dust grains. The model suggests mixing ratios of the two molecular families that, particularly near ∼1700 km, differ notably from what independent measurements by the Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer suggest. Possibly connected to this, the model suggests an electron-depleted plasma with a level of electron depletion of around 50%. This is in qualitative agreement with interpretations of Radio Plasma Wave Science/Langmuir Probe measurements, but an additional conundrum arises in the fact that a coherent photochemical equilibrium scenario then relies on a dust component with typical grain radii smaller than 3 Å.
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Grant, Victoria C., Kenneth Nguyen, Sasha Rodriguez, Anna Y. Zhou, Jacinda C. Abdul-Mutakabbir i Karen K. Tan. "Characterizing Safety and Clinical Outcomes Associated with High-Dose Micafungin Utilization in Patients with Proven Invasive Candidiasis". Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 7, nr 2 (3.02.2022): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7020023.
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Micafungin is the empiric antifungal agent of choice for the treatment of invasive candidiasis (IC). Pathophysiologic changes that occur in obese and/or critically ill patients can alter micafungin serum concentrations and the probability of target attainment. Although high doses of micafungin have been shown to be safe, clinical outcomes have not been widely evaluated. We conducted a single-center, retrospective observational study evaluating safety and clinical outcomes among adult patients treated with ≥200 mg of micafungin for ≥3 days for proven IC from 1 September 2013 through 1 September 2021. Twenty-three unique encounters for 21 patients were evaluated. The median BMI and APACHE II scores were 37.1 (IQR 28.8–48.9) and 24 (IQR 17.7–31), respectively. The median average daily dose of micafungin was 300 mg (IQR 275–400). Patients were treated with high-dose (HD) micafungin for the entirety of their echinocandin course in 15 encounters (65.2%). Transaminases remained stable, while a trend towards increased alkaline phosphatase was observed. A total of four deaths occurred (17.4%). Patients that died were predominantly young, Hispanic males who were obese and/or critically ill. Future studies are needed to determine the necessity and appropriate placement of HD micafungin in obese and/or critically ill patients.
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Faragó, Sándor. "Jelentés a Gönyű-Szob közti Duna-szakasz (1791 – 1708 fkm) 2022. augusztus – 2023. április időszakának vízimadár felméréseiről". Magyar Vízivad Közlemények, nr 37 (1.12.2023): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17242/mvvk_37.18.
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Report on the waterbird censuses of Danube River between Gönyű and Szob (River kms 1791 – 1708) during the period August 2022 and April 2023. Based on the results of the waterfowl counts (shown in Tables 2 and 3) completed during the 2022/2023 season in the section between Gönyű and Szob of the Danube river, we recorded the largest number of waterbirds (n=13 496) in December, while the smallest total number of birds occurred in September (n=478). The daily water level of the Danube River on the observation days shows Table 1. We observed the highest number of species (24 species) in December, while in September we saw only 8 species. During the 9-month study, we observed 30 species. Species that only appeared occasionally or in small numbers (˂100 per observation) included Cygnus olor (max. 64), Melanitta fusca (max. 1), Mergellus albellus (max. 26), Mergus serrator (max. 2), Aythya ferina (max. 24), Spatula clypeata (max. 4), Mareca penelope (max. 18), Gavia arctica (max. 1), Tachybaptus ruficollis (max. 9), Podiceps cristatus (max. 19), Fulica atra (max. 7), Egretta garzetta (max. 14), Ardea alba (max. 80), Aquila heliaca (max. 4), Haliaeetus albicilla (max. 6), Larus cachinnans (max. 8), Sterna hirundo (max. 2) and Alcedo atthis (max. 2). Species that appeared in larger numbers and quantities (˃100 per observation) were as follows: Anser anser: 0–580, Anser albifrons: 0–1780, Anas platyrhynchos: 14–5282, Anas crecca: 0–130, Phalacrocorax carbo: 131–1463, Bucephala clangula: 0–980, Chroicocephalus ridibundus: 0–2665, Larus canus: 0–2425, Aythya fuligula: 0–386 and Larus michahellis: 3–872. Figures 1 present the dynamics of common species. There are 3 known Great Cormorant nesting colonies in the studied section of the Danube; in 2023, 335–390 pairs nested there. There were 118–145 pairs of Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea) which, like the Great Cormorant, also nests in 3 colonies. There are also four known White-tailed Eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) nests in the section of the Danube (Nagy-Erebe Island, Komárom Szt. Pál Island, Szőnyi Island and Mocsi Island); booth nests were inhabited in 2023 and breeding were as well. One pair of Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) breeding at Neszmély on Radvány Island were still present during the nesting, but in the spring the stormy wind severely damaged the nest.
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Ali, Sheikh Muhammad Ebad, Badaruddin Sahito, Syeda Iqra Qadri, Hira Iqbal Naviwala, Hina Khan, Omer Awan i Muhammad Mohsin Mushtaq. "Current Trends Regarding Perioperative Pharmacological Anticoagulation in Lower Limb Surgeries among Orthopedic Surgeons of Pakistan -An Audit". National Journal of Health Sciences 7, nr 3 (30.09.2022): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21089/njhs.73.0124.
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Abstract:Perioperative anticoagulation has been recommended by AAOS, AACP, and ASH during orthopedic procedures of the lower limb. Guidelines show a difference of opinion regarding the optimum duration and drug of choice giving a way to use different methods of anticoagulation. This audit assessed the preferences for pharmacological anticoagulation in lower limb surgeries among orthopedic surgeons of Pakistan. Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was started from June-September 2021 in Dr Ruth K.M. Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi where Orthopedic surgeons (n=632) were invited to fill those questionnaires. A total of 85 orthopedic surgeons responded completely. An electronic eight-question survey was designed which included questions about demographics of surgeons, the drug of choice, perioperative duration, preferred surgeries, and average incidence of thromboembolism per year. Results: 12.9% surgeons use anticoagulation for all surgeries while 82.3% of orthopedic surgeons use anticoagulants in selective surgeries. LMWH (94.1%) and Rivaroxaban (17.6%) were the drug of choice for most surgeons. 70.6% of respondents never used anticoagulation preoperatively. 17.7% used it three days preoperatively. 28.24% of surgeons prescribed anticoagulation for 3 days postoperatively while 17.7% of surgeons prescribed anticoagulation for 2 weeks postoperatively. 10.6% of surgeons never used anticoagulation postoperatively. Arthroplasty (71.7%), trauma (55.3%), and pelvis and acetabulum (54.1%) were the subspecialties with routine anticoagulation. 81.2% and 17.7% of surgeons reported less than 1% and 1% to 3% incidence of thromboembolism, respectively. No surgeon reported any incidence of thromboembolism above 5%. Conclusion: Use of anticoagulation is prevalent among orthopedic surgeons in Pakistan. However, significant differences are observed regarding the perioperative duration. The surgeons need to prescribe DOAC such as Rivaroxaban and Dabigatran as agents of choice while extended postoperative pharmacological anticoagulation of 28-35 days needs to be adopted.
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Magong, Yohanes, Reza Reza i Vitria Puri Rahayu. "PENGARUH FASILITAS BELAJAR TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN EKONOMI FKIP UNIVERSITAS MULAWARMAN". Educational Studies: Conference Series 2, nr 1 (21.07.2022): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/escs.v2i1.1213.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh fasilitas belajar terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiswa pendidikan ekonomi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan padatanggal 11 september –02 oktober 2021. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kampus fkip unmul jalan banggris. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiwapendidikan ekonomi angktan 2018,2019 dan 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dengan menyebarkan kusioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat pengaruh fasilitas belajar terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiwa pendidikan ekonomi , hal ini dibuktikan dengan ditolaknya H0 dan diterimanyaHa yang diajukan karena nilai r hitung > r tabel yaitu 30.17 > 17.76 pada taraf signifikansi 5% dengan jumlah responden (N) sebanyak 144.(2) berdasarkan nilai R Square yang diperoleh,maka besarnya pengaruh fasilitas belajar terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiswa pendidikan ekonomi yaitu sebesar 17.76 atau 17,7%.
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Sandoval-Vargas, Leydy, Maritza Pérez-Atehortúa, Elías Figueroa Villalobos, José Zamorano i Iván Valdebenito. "The Reproductive Biology of Puye (Galaxias maculatus) under Experimental Culture". Animals 14, nr 2 (19.01.2024): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14020320.
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This study determines the reproductive patterns of puye (Galaxias maculatus) under culture conditions. A population of 567 wild fish was caught in the Cautín River, Chile, and held in captivity for four years. Mortality, sex ratio, gonadosomatic index (GSI), sexual maturity stages, spawning period, type and frequency of spawning, and fecundity were measured. The fish grew throughout the experimental period, with the fastest rate during the first half of the first year of life. The highest mortality occurred during the first three months of the experiment and during the spawning season. The sex ratio was almost 1:1 (female:male). First sexual maturity was reached at one year of age, with an average weight of 0.85 ± 0.01 g, total length of 4.85 ± 0.16 cm, and condition factor 0.0074. The highest GSI in both females (12.14 ± 0.74) and males (17.7 ± 2.70) was recorded in August. Nevertheless, the females spawned 3 to 10 times between September and February, with the highest reproductive peak between September and October. The number of embryos per female per day varied from 1 to 429, while the total number of embryos per female during the entire season evaluated varied from 163 to 1044. There was a high correlation (r = 0.82) between absolute fecundity and body weight. Although further studies are needed in this field, these results are basic for establishing future reproductive programs in captivity as a strategy for sustainable fisheries and aquaculture management.
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Anderson, John F., Philip M. Armstrong, Michael J. Misencik, Angela B. Bransfield, Theodore G. Andreadis i Goudarz Molaei. "Seasonal Distribution, Blood-Feeding Habits, and Viruses of Mosquitoes in an Open-Faced Quarry in Connecticut, 2010 and 2011". Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 34, nr 1 (1.03.2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/17-6707.1.
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ABSTRACT Seasonal abundance of mosquitoes, their viruses, and blood–feeding habits were determined at an open-faced quarry in North Branford, CT, in 2010 and 2011. This unique habitat had not previously been sampled for mosquitoes and mosquito-borne viruses. Thirty species of mosquitoes were identified from 41,719 specimens collected. Coquillettidia perturbans, Aedes trivittatus, and Ae. vexans were the most abundant species and represented 34.5%, 17.7%, and 14.8% of the totals, respectively. Jamestown Canyon virus was isolated from 6 species of mosquitoes collected from mid-June through July: Cq. perturbans (3 pools), Ae. cantator (3), Ae. trivittatus (2), Ae. aurifer (1), Ae. excrucians (1), and Culex pipiens (1). West Nile virus was cultured from 8 pools of Cx. pipiens and from 1 pool of Culiseta melanura collected from mid-August through late September. Cache Valley virus was isolated from 4 species of mosquitoes in 3 genera from about mid-August through late September 2011: Cq. perturbans (5 pools), Ae. trivittatus (2), Anopheles punctipennis (1), and An. quadrimaculatus (1). Nine different mammalian hosts were identified as sources of blood for 13 species of mosquitoes. White-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, were the most common mammalian hosts (90.8%), followed by raccoon, Procyon lotor (3.1%), coyote, Canis latrans (2.4%), and human, Homo sapiens (1.2%). Exclusive mammalian blood-feeding mosquitoes included: Ae. canadensis, Ae. cantator, Ae. excrucians, Ae. japonicus, Ae. vexans, An. punctipennis, and Cx. salinarius. Fourteen species of birds, mostly Passeriformes, were identified as sources of blood from 6 mosquito species. Five species that fed on mammals (Ae. thibaulti, Ae. trivittatus, Ae. cinereus, Cq. perturbans, and Cx. pipiens) also fed on birds.
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Chandrakar, Naman, i Raju K. Shinde. "Study the early complications of modified radical mastectomy performed". International Surgery Journal 6, nr 1 (27.12.2018): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20185480.
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Background: According to the national and regional cancer registries, breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Ahmadabad and Thiruvananthapuram.Methods: The present Prospective and observational study was conducted in the Department of Surgery of Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital attached to Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College. Forty-one patients of carcinoma breast were treated with modified radical mastectomy from September 2013 to September 2015.Results: The mean age of cases was 50.90 years with a standard deviation of 11.61 years. only 1 male patient (2.44%) was diagnosed with carcinoma breast and 40 female patients (97.56%) out of 41 total cases. In all the 41 cases (100%) chief complaint was lump in breast, followed by axillary swelling in 11 cases (26.83%) and history of pain (in lump) in 8 cases (19.51%). ecchymosis of the flap was seen in 8 patients (19.51%). The 10 cases (24.39) had surgical site infection, Minimal seroma collection (<10ml) was seen in 9 cases. 3 cases (7.32%) had pain at the surgical site. Tissue necrosis was observed in 7 cases (17.07%).Conclusions: It was concluded that Post-operative complications of MRM included wound dehiscence, seroma, surgical site infection, hematoma, altered sensation and pain.
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García-López, Xavier A., Jorge R. Ortiz-Zayas, Rodrigo Díaz, Aurelio Castro-Jiménez i Charles F. Wahl. "Limnological Response of Las Curias Reservoir, San Juan, Puerto Rico: Successful Management of the Invasive Aquatic Fern, Salvinia molesta". Water 15, nr 22 (15.11.2023): 3966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15223966.
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The anthropogenic deterioration of aquatic ecosystems affects water resources due to agricultural malpractices, pollution from domestic septic tanks, recreational activities, and poor watershed management, among other factors. This study examines the management of Las Curias Reservoir, San Juan, Puerto Rico, after the 2016 arrival of the invasive aquatic fern Salvinia molesta. In September 2019, a community-led initiative introduced the Cyrtobagous salviniae weevil, an effective biological control agent for S. molesta, and commenced a mechanical removal campaign using an aquatic harvester. Limnological sampling (September 2019 to September 2022) and drone flights were employed to measure physicochemical and floating plant cover changes, respectively, in the reservoir. Monitoring of weevils in the reservoir demonstrated rapid establishment and dispersal, which resulted in visible damage including browning of plants and eventually sinking of entire mats. From 23 July 2019, the reservoir surface was predominantly covered by salvinia, occupying an area of 17.7 ha (100% coverage). This coverage decreased to 12.6 ha (71%) by 29 January 2021. By 12 August 2022, the coverage had been substantially reduced to just 1.1 ha, representing only 6% of the reservoir surface. In 2022, the reservoir recorded an average dissolved oxygen concentration of 2.4 mg L−1 (±0.0, n = 144), the highest in the study period and indicative of ecosystem recovery. After three years of control efforts, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance returned to levels recorded prior to Salvinia molesta introduction. This ecosystem recovery, a first in Puerto Rico, could be attributed to early use of mechanical control and the long-term impact of biological control.
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Tsukada, Takahisa, Izumi Sato, Norihiro Matsuoka, Takumi Imai, Yuko Doi, Masaru Arai, Yosuke Fujii, Toshiyuki Matsunaga i Koji Kawakami. "Prescription of Antidementia Drugs and Antipsychotics for Elderly Patients in Japan: A Descriptive Study Using Pharmacy Prescription Data". Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology 31, nr 4 (lipiec 2018): 194–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891988718785775.
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Background: Antipsychotics are commonly used for managing behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia among elderly patients with dementia receiving antidementia drugs (ADDs). However, the use of antipsychotics among these patients has not been investigated since 3 ADDs were approved in 2011 in Japan. Method: We conducted a descriptive study using pharmacy prescription data and identified patients aged ≥65 years who were newly prescribed donepezil, memantine, rivastigmine, and galantamine between January 1, 2012, and September 30, 2014. We determined the proportion of antipsychotic prescription and the factors affecting antipsychotic prescription using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. Result: Of 13 876 patients, 1705 were memantine users, and the proportion of antipsychotic prescription among them was the highest (11.1%). Adjusted hazard ratios for donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine were 0.66, 0.56, and 0.66, respectively, relative to that for memantine. Conclusion: Compared to other ADD users, new memantine users were most likely to be prescribed antipsychotics.
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Narayanamma, V. Lakshmi, V. Ratnakar, B. Shiva, R. Vishwatej, B. Ram Prasad, G. Veeranna i R. Uma Reddy. "Demonstration and Adoption of Integrated Pest Management Strategies for the Management of Pink Bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) in Cotton". International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 14, Dec, 12 (23.12.2023): 1617–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/1.2023.4935a.
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The present study was carried out in the farmers’ fields of Bhadradri Kothagudem, Telangana, India during Kharif (June–December) seasons of 2018, 2019 and 2020 to demonstrate the integrated pest management strategies for the management of pink bollworm and to know its rate of adoption among the farming community. The treatments consisted of technology demonstration and farmers’ practice. During three years of study, the population of pink bollworm has showed increasing trends. More than 10% of the rosette flowers were observed during the crop period starting from 36th SMW and continued up to 48th SMW. The green boll damage caused by PBW ranged between 2.1–19.2 in the demo plot, while the range was 2.2–20.6 in the control. Average population in pheromone traps was 4.48, 5.31 and 5.34 trap-1 during 2018, 2019 and 2020 respectively. Standard weeks 36–38 (3rd September–23rd September) 51–3 (17th December–21st January) were minimum or no activity periods due to low temperature, while standard weeks, 40–44 (1st October–4th November) were high activity periods during these study years. The population of pheromone traps correlated with temperature and rainfall had shown negative and non-significant correlation during 2018 and 2020, while positive and non-significant correlation during 2019. Cotton seed yield in the technology demonstrated plot was higher (1965, 2055 and 2095 kg ha-1) compared to farmers practice (1607, 1708 and 1725 kg ha-1) during 2018, 2019 and 2020 respectively. By adopting the IPM strategies against this pest, farmers’ can avoid the yield losses up to 22.3%. Nearly 65% of the respondents had medium level of adoption on management practices for the control of PBW.
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Quddus, MA, MA Hossain, HM Naser i S. Akhtar. "Effects of zinc and boron on yield, nodulation and nutrient contents of fieldpea in terrace soils". Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 43, nr 3 (25.09.2018): 441–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v43i3.38392.
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An experiment was conducted for two consecutive years (2014-15 and 2015-16) in the field of Pulses Research Sub-Station, BARI, Gazipur during rabi (winter) season to evaluate the effect of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) application on the yield, nodulation and nutrient content of fieldpea (Pisum sativum L.). There were 16 treatment combinations comprising four levels each of zinc (0, 1, 2 and 3 kg ha-1) and boron (0, 1, 1.5 and 2 kg ha-1) along with a blanket dose of N12 P18 K30 S10 kg ha-1 over the treatments. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. Zinc (Zn) as ZnSO4.7H2O and boron (B) as H3BO3 were applied to the crop (cv. BARI Fieldpea-1). Results showed that the combination of Zn3B1.5 kg ha-1 produced the highest seed yield (1582 kg ha-1) in the 1st year and the Zn3B2 kg ha-1 gave the highest yield (1702 kg ha-1) in the 2nd year.The lowest seed yield was found in the control (Zn0B0). The Zn3B2 demonstrated the highest nodulation and nutrient and protein contents. The results suggest that the application of Zn3B2 kg ha-1 along with N12 P18 K30 S10 kg ha-1 can support the higher yield of fieldpea in terrace soils of Bangladesh.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(3): 441-451, September 2018
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F. Mushatat, Sabah. "Prevalence of Superficial Tongue lesions in Iraqi Population". Tikrit Journal for Dental Sciences 6, nr 1 (20.11.2023): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjds.6.1.7.
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Tongue lesions create a significant proportion of the oral lesions, which afford approximation to oral health and general condition of the patient and may reflect the presence of many systemic diseases of an individual. Oral lesions have long been view as t he first signs of many systemic disease and numerous of oral illness. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of various superficial tongue lesions in Iraqi population. 2500 patients attending the Department of Oral Medicine, College of Dentistry, Al-Mustansiriyah University in Bag hdad, Iraq were examined for the presence of various tongue l esions during the period from October, 2013 to September, 2016. The age of the patients ranged from 9-75years with a mea n age of 36.51 years. The prevalence of tongue lesions was 14.64% and the most common lesion diagnosed was fissur ed tongue affecting 43.7% of the subjects (160 cases). Geogr aphic tongue was seen in 65 patients (17.7%). Coated tong ue was diagnosed in 55 patients (17 %) hairy tongue was se en in 21patients (5.7 %) and ulcerations was seen in 1 patient s (0.27%). Ankyloglossia was seen in 46 patients (12.5%) and scalloped tongue was seen in 10 patients (2.7 %). Varicosities were seen in 1 of the patients (0.27 %) and thrush in one patient (0.27 %). The number of occurrences of tong ue lesions in the present study was not higher of than prev ious studies ̦ but the high prevalence of tongue lesions in this study (14.64%) specially fissured tongue(43.7%), geog raphic tongue(17.7%) and coated tongue (15.02%) indicate f urther investigations are demanded to indicate if genetic and congenital or environmental factors play a critical role.
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Faragó, Sándor. "Jelentés a Gönyű-Szob közti Duna-szakasz (1791 – 1708 fkm) 2021. augusztus – 2022. április időszakának vízimadár felméréseiről". Magyar Vízivad Közlemények, nr 37 (2023): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.17242/mvvk_37.17.
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Report on the waterbird censuses of Danube River between Gönyű and Szob (River kms 1791 – 1708) during the period August 2021 and April 2022. Based on the results of the waterfowl counts (shown in Tables 2 and 3) completed during the 2021/2022 season in the section between Gönyű and Szob of the Danube river, we recorded the largest number of waterbirds (n=16 2014) in January, while the smallest total number of birds occurred in September (n=324). The daily water level of the Danube River on the observation days shows Table 1. We observed the highest number of species (18 species) in November, while in August we saw only 6 species. During the 9-month study, we observed 29 species. Species that only appeared occasionally or in small numbers (˂100 per observation) included Cygnus olor (max. 80), Anser anser (max. 1), Anser albifrons (max. 65), Clangula hyemalis (max. 2), Mergellus albellus (max. 9), Mergus serrator (max. 2), Aythya fuligula (max. 95), Spatula clypeata (max. 1), Mareca penelope (max. 34), Anas crecca (max. 40), Tachybaptus ruficollis (max. 3), Podiceps cristatus (max. 2), Gavia stellata (max. 3), Egretta garzetta (max. 1), Ardea alba (max. 39), Microcarbo pygmeus (max. 1), Pandion haliaetus (max. 1), Haliaeetus albicilla (max. 5), Larus cachinnans (max. 8), Larus marinus (max. 1) and Sterna hirundo (max. 1). Species that appeared in larger numbers and quantities (˃100 per observation) were as follows: Bucephala clangula: 0–1176, Aythya fuligula: 0–95, Mergus merganser: 0–186, Anas platyrhynchos: 23–11 068, Ardea cinerea: 0–124, Phalacrocorax carbo: 7–745, Larus michahellis: 12–943, Larus canus: 0–1198 and Croicocephalus ridibundus: 9–3020, Figures 1 present the dynamics of common species. There are 3 known Great Cormorant nesting colonies in the studied section of the Danube; in 2022, 290–330 pairs nested there. There were 115–125 pairs of Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea) which, like the Great Cormorant, also nests in 3 colonies. On the Süttői Island are nesting 5 pairs of Black-crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) and 5 pairs of Little Egret (Egretta garzetta) as well. There are also three known White-tailed Eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) nests in the section of the Danube (Gönyű, Nagy-Erebe Island, Komárom, Szent Pál Island and Komárom, Szőnyi Islands. In the Radvány Island at Neszmély nested 1 pair of Eastern Imperial Eagles (Aquila heliaca).
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Singh, Virendra, Rajesh Uppal, R. Singh i C. Awasthi. "Morpho-biochemical changes during the ripening of the fruits of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.)". Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products 8, nr 1/2 (1.06.2001): 114–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2001-ndiz92.
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The present studies were carried out on the morphological (fruit size, diameter, colour and breakage) and biochemical (total soluble solids) changes during the 2 months of ripening of fruits of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) growing at an altitude of 2650 m asl in Lahaul Valley, a cold desert area of Himachal Pradesh. The region is characterized by extreme climatic conditions, poor rainfall (about 500 mm per year) and heavy snowfall (100-400 cm per year). Data collected weekly for two months from 18th August, 1995 onwards, revealed that fruit weight varied from 8.2-16.0 g/100 fruits, with a maximum of 17.7 g during the 4th collection on 8th September. Vertical diameter varied from 5.4 to 7.8 mm with a maximum value of 8.0 mm. Cross diameter varied from 5.5 mm to 6.2 mm with a maximum value of 6.9 mm. The length of fruit stalk varied from 2.9 mm to 3.2 mm. Colour of the fruits was initially light yellowish green, both ends being light red. After 1 month, fruits were yellow with both ends red. After 2 months, fruits were reddish yellow. Sun facing side of the fruits was whitish yellow. Initially, skin of the fruit did not break during collection of the fruits. After one month, fruit skin got damaged if not collected with care. After 2 months of collection, fruits released the paste like material. Total soluble solid varied from 8.7 to 13.8% with a maximum value of 14.1% on 8th September 1995.
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Baek, Ji-soo, Seon-mi Shin i Chung-sik Cho. "Clinical Practice Patterns for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: An Online Survey". Journal of Internal Korean Medicine 44, nr 4 (30.09.2023): 703–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22246/jikm.2023.44.4.703.
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Objectives: This study investigated Korean medicine doctors’ perspectives on clinical practice patterns in the process of developing Korean medicine clinical practice guidelines for benign prostatic hyperplasia.Methods: A questionnaire was developed for Korean medicine doctors. A total of 323 oriental medicine doctors participated in the survey, which was live for a total of 9 days from September 22, 2022, to September 30, 2022.Results: Regarding awareness of treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 63.8% of respondents showed high awareness of Korean medical treatments. However, items such as diagnostic criteria (17.7%), evaluation methods (17.0%), and Western medical treatments (22.9%) showed low recognition rates. In clinical practice, 76.2% of respondents were found to treat five or fewer patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia per month, and the average treatment period was 1 to 3 months for most at 41.2%. Korean medicine doctors diagnosed benign prostatic hyperplasia based on clinical features. The main interventions used were acupuncture, herbal medicine (prescription medicine), and moxibustion. This study has several limitations because of the low response rate for this survey; therefore, the participants are not representative of all Korean medicine doctors. In addition, because the study was conducted broadly on various topics related to benign prostatic hyperplasia, sufficient quality management was not carried out. Further studies that include a larger sample size and more in-depth studies on benign prostatic hyperplasia are needed.Conclusions: It is necessary to develop appropriate and reasonable Korean medicine clinical practice guidelines for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
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Wong, K. W., D. Fu, T. J. Pongetti, S. Newman, E. A. Kort, R. Duren, Y. K. Hsu, C. E. Miller, Y. L. Yung i S. P. Sander. "Mapping CH<sub>4</sub> : CO<sub>2</sub> ratios in Los Angeles with CLARS-FTS from Mount Wilson, California". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, nr 11 (26.06.2014): 17037–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-17037-2014.
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Abstract. The Los Angeles megacity, which is home to more than 40% of the population in California, is the second largest megacity in the United States and an intense source of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs). Quantifying GHG emissions from the megacity and monitoring their spatiotemporal trends are essential to be able to understand the effectiveness of emission control policies. Here we measure carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) across the Los Angeles megacity using a novel approach – ground-based remote sensing from a mountaintop site. A Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) with agile pointing optics, located on Mount Wilson at 1.67 km above sea level, measures reflected near infrared sunlight from 29 different surface targets on Mount Wilson and in the Los Angeles megacity to retrieve the slant column abundances of CO2, CH4 and other trace gases above and below Mount Wilson. This technique provides persistent space and time resolved observations of path-averaged dry-air GHG concentrations, XGHG, in the Los Angeles megacity and simulates observations from a geostationary satellite. In this study, we combined high sensitivity measurements from the FTS and the panorama from Mount Wilson to characterize anthropogenic CH4 emissions in the megacity using tracer : tracer correlations. During the period between September 2011 and October 2013, the observed XCH4 : XCO2 excess ratio, assigned to anthropogenic activities, varied from 5.4 to 7.3 ppb CH4 (ppm CO2)−1, with an average of 6.4 ± 0.5 ppb CH4 (ppm CO2)−1 compared to the value of 4.6 ± 0.9 ppb CH4 (ppm CO2)−1 expected from the California Air Resources Board (CARB) bottom-up emission inventory. Persistent elevated XCH4 : XCO2 excess ratios were observed in Pasadena and in the eastern Los Angeles megacity. Using the FTS observations on Mount Wilson and the bottom-up CO2 emission inventory, we derived a top-down CH4 emission of 0.39± 0.06 Tg CH4 year−1 in the Los Angeles megacity. This is 18–61% larger than the state government's bottom-up CH4 emission inventory and consistent with previous studies.
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Halverson, J. B., J. Simpson, G. Heymsfield, H. Pierce, T. Hock i L. Ritchie. "Warm Core Structure of Hurricane Erin Diagnosed from High Altitude Dropsondes during CAMEX-4". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 63, nr 1 (1.01.2006): 309–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3596.1.
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Abstract A combination of multiaircraft and several satellite sensors were used to examine the core of Hurricane Erin on 10 September 2001, as part of the Fourth Convection and Moisture Experiment (CAMEX-4) program. During the first set of aircraft passes, around 1700 UTC, Erin was still at its maximum intensity with a central pressure of 969 hPa and wind speed of 105 kt (54 m s−1). The storm was moving slowly northwestward at 4 m s−1, over an increasingly colder sea surface. Three instrumented aircraft, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) P3 with radar, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) ER-2 at 19 km, newly equipped with GPS dropwindsondes, and the NASA DC-8 with dropwindsondes flew in formation across the eye at about 1700 UTC and again 2.5 h later around 1930 UTC. The storm had weakened by 13 m s−1 between the first and second eye penetrations. The warm core had a maximum temperature anomaly of only 11°C, located at 500 hPa, much weaker and lower than active hurricanes. The core appeared to slant rearward above 400 hPa. Even on the first penetration, airborne radar showed that the eyewall cloud towers were dying. The tops fell short of reaching 15 km and a melting band was found throughout. The tropopause had a bulge to 15.8-km elevation (environment ∼14.4 km) above the dying convection. The paper presents a consistent picture of the vortex in shear interaction from a primarily thermodynamic perspective. A feature of Erin at this time was a pronounced wavenumber-1 convective asymmetry with all convective activity being confined to the forward quadrants on the left side of the shear vector as calculated from analyses. This is similar to that predicted by the mesoscale numerical models, which also predict that such small amounts of shear would not affect the storm intensity. In Erin, it is remarkable that relatively small shear produced such a pronounced asymmetry in the convection. From the three-dimensional analysis of dropsonde data, horizontal asymmetries in lower and middle tropospheric warming were identified. The warm anomalies are consistent with the pattern of mesoscale vertical motions inferred from the shear-induced wavenumber-1 asymmetry, dipole in rain intensity, and surface convergence.
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Pereira, J. S., J. A. Mateus, L. M. Aires, G. Pita, C. Pio, V. Andrade, J. Banza, T. S. David, A. Rodrigues i J. S. David. "Effects of drought – altered seasonality and low rainfall – in net ecosystem carbon exchange of three contrasting Mediterranean ecosystems". Biogeosciences Discussions 4, nr 3 (12.06.2007): 1703–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-4-1703-2007.
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Abstract. Droughts cause reductions in gross primary production (GPP) and also in net ecosystem exchange (NEE), contributing to most of the inter-annual variability in terrestrial carbon sequestration. In seasonally dry climates (Mediterranean) droughts result from reductions in annual rainfall and from changes in rain seasonality. In western Iberia, the hydrological-year (i.e., from October to September) of 2004–2005 was extremely dry, with precipitation 50% below the long-term mean (691 mm in 1961–1990), but 2005–2006 was normal. We compared the carbon fluxes measured by the eddy covariance technique from three contrasting ecosystems in southern Portugal: an evergreen oak woodland (savannah-like) with ca. 21% tree cover; a Mediterranean C3/C4 grassland; and a coppiced eucalyptus plantation. During the dry hydrological-year of 2004–2005, NEE was lowest, the highest sink strength was in the eucalypt plantation (NEE = –399 g C m −2 year−1) as compared to the oak woodland (NEE = –88 g C m −2 year−1), and the grassland (NEE = +49 g C m −2 year −1). The latter was a source of carbon dioxide. The NEE values of the dry year were, however, much lower than those for wetter years, e.g. NEE = –861 g C m−2 year −1 in 2002–2003 in the eucalypt plantation. The NEE of the grassland and the oak savannah in the 2005–2006 hydrological-year, with annual precipitation above the long term mean, were –190 and –120 g C m −2 year−1, respectively. All ecosystems studied increased their rain-use efficiency (GPP per unit of rain volume) increased in dry years. In the case of annual vegetation – grassland and low tree density woodland, however &ndash, rain-use efficiency decreased with severe drought. However, this was more pronounced in the eucalypt plantation due to greater GPP and the use of deep soil water resources. Although both calendar years of 2004 and 2005 had equally low rainfall, the effect of drought on the eucalypt plantation was delayed until the second dry year. This suggests that the effects of water deficits on Mediterranean forests are exacerbated by prolonged droughts when long-term soil water reserves are depleted. The grassland, however, was more vulnerable and responded faster to water deficits. This effect of drought was less pronounced in the oak woodland due to the sparse tree cover.
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Board, Editorial. "Important Announcements". Journal of Scientific Research 1, nr 1 (25.12.2008): xiii. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v1i1.1702.
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  Journal of Scientific Research ISSN 2070-0237(Print); ISSN 2070-0245 (Online)  Volume 1 Issue 1: 1 January 2009 (already published) Issue 2: 1 May 2009 (to be available online in March-April 2009)Issue 3: 1 September 2009 (to be available online in July 2009)Volume 2Issue 1 onwards starting from 1 January 2010  CALL FOR PAPERS The first issue of JSR, guided by international Editorial and Advisory Boards, has already been published on 1 January 2009. The journal is devoted to the publication of original research (Research paper, Review paper, Short communication) covering the following fields: Section A: Physical and Mathematical Sciences: Physics, Mathematics, Statistics, Geophysics, Environmental Sciences, Computer and Information Technology, Engineering and related branches.  Section B: Chemical and Biological Sciences: Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacy, Biology, Genetics, Fisheries and related branches. The Editorial Board invites papers (both theoretical and experimental) from the researchers in the above and related branches for its second and subsequent issues. Contributors from all over the world are invited to send manuscripts prepared in accordance with the style of the journal (please consult brief Author Guidelines or the complete Author Guidelines along with Instructions for Typesetting Manuscript Using MS-Word (see JSR Vol 1 (1), pp v-xii (2009); DOI: 10.3329/jsr.vlil.1704).  Please submit articles online at:    www.banglajol.info/index.php/JSROr send by email to Editor-in-Chief (JSR) at: jsr_editor@ru.ac.bd © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.vlil.1702 Â
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Ilhan, Ali, Hasan M. Sarı i Irmak Kurtul. "Growth parameters of invasive gibel carp Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) in Lake Marmara (Turkey)". Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies 49, nr 4 (16.12.2020): 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2020-0033.
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AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine growth parameters, such as age–length and length–weight relationships, as well as condition factors and sex ratio, of the Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) population in Lake Marmara (western region of Turkey), which is one of the most important fishing areas. Fish were caught on a monthly basis by gillnets and trammel nets (mesh size 10–50 mm) between March 2012 and February 2013. A total of 1058 specimens (809 females and 249 males) were examined. The female–male ratio was 1:0.31. The maximum age was determined as VI and V for females and males, respectively. The total length of females and males ranged from 10.0 to 27.5 cm and from 10.2 to 24.0 cm, respectively. Their weight varied from 17.1 to 378.4 g and from 17.7 to 244.9 g, respectively. Length–weight relationship parameters were a = 0.014 and b = 3.040 for females and a = 0.015 and b = 3.039 for males. Von Bertalanffy growth parameters of the C. gibelio population were as follows: L∞ = 35.86 cm, k = 0.189 year−1, t0 = −1.238 years. Minimum and maximum condition factors were 1.56 for females in October and 1.82 in May and 1.67 for males in September and 1.94 in January.
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Andersen, Bridget C., Kevin Bandura, Mohit Bhardwaj, P. J. Boyle, Charanjot Brar, Tomas Cassanelli, S. Chatterjee i in. "CHIME/FRB Discovery of 25 Repeating Fast Radio Burst Sources". Astrophysical Journal 947, nr 2 (1.04.2023): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acc6c1.
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Abstract We present the discovery of 25 new repeating fast radio burst (FRB) sources found among CHIME/FRB events detected between 2019 September 30 and 2021 May 1. The sources were found using a new clustering algorithm that looks for multiple events colocated on the sky having similar dispersion measures (DMs). The new repeaters have DMs ranging from ∼220 to ∼1700 pc cm−3, and include sources having exhibited as few as two bursts to as many as twelve. We report a statistically significant difference in both the DM and extragalactic DM (eDM) distributions between repeating and apparently nonrepeating sources, with repeaters having a lower mean DM and eDM, and we discuss the implications. We find no clear bimodality between the repetition rates of repeaters and upper limits on repetition from apparently nonrepeating sources after correcting for sensitivity and exposure effects, although some active repeating sources stand out as anomalous. We measure the repeater fraction over time and find that it tends to an equilibrium of 2.6 − 2.6 + 2.9 % over our total time-on-sky thus far. We also report on 14 more sources, which are promising repeating FRB candidates and which merit follow-up observations for confirmation.
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Wannatoop, Tongporn, Janejira Kittivorapart, Kulvara Kittisares, Warit Werawatakul, Theera Ruchutrakool, Parichart Permpikul i Sunanta Chobpluk. "Implementation of Viscoelastic Hemostatic Assay-guided Therapy to Evaluate and Manage Trauma-related Bleeding: A Pilot Study from a Level 1 Trauma Center in Bangkok, Thailand". Siriraj Medical Journal 74, nr 5 (1.05.2022): 294–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.33192/smj.2022.36.
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Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of viscoelastic hemostatic assay (VHA)-guided therapy for assessing and managing trauma-related bleeding using a multidisciplinary team approach at a level 1 trauma center.Materials and Methods: This retrospective pilot study included trauma-related hemorrhagic patients who underwent rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) during September 2019-May 2020. ROTEM trace results were compared with those of conventional coagulation tests (CCT).Results: Thirteen patients (median age: 29.1 years; male: 76.92%) were included. The median (range) days of ventilator support, ICU length of stay, and hospital length of stay was 4 [0-65], 5 [1-65], and 6 [1-83], respectively. ROTEM-guided therapy was applied 26 times, and was repeated in 7 cases. Of those, four cases were repeated to correct coagulopathy. The median time-to-confirmed hemostasis for ROTEM was substantially shorter than for CCT (92 minutes [70-110] vs. 287 minutes [204-354], respectively). The coagulation results from 26 ROTEM tests were also compared between those requiring and not requiring a massive transfusion protocol (MTP). MTP with ROTEM-guided therapy was activated in 6/13 cases. Following the resuscitation endpoints in traumatic shock, four of those had their median serum lactate levels decreased from 10.9 d/L (2.1-16.8) to 3.9 d/L (1.7-17.7). ROTEM traces detected cases with low fibrinogen that only required cryoprecipitate transfusion, and red blood cell and fresh frozen plasma use was less in ROTEM than in conventional MTP.Conclusion: VHA-guided therapy was shown to effectively facilitate goal-directed hemostatic resuscitation and efficient blood product use during resuscitation, definitive treatment, and postoperative intensive care.
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Sarsembayeva, A., F. Belisarova, M. Odsuren, A. Sarsembay, A. Tutebayeva, A. Orazymbez i M. Abyshev. "DEFINITION OF THE RECONNECTION RATE OF MOST POWERFUL SOLAR FLARES". SERIES PHYSICO-MATHEMATICAL 6, nr 334 (15.12.2020): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-1726.98.
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We observed top 10 X-class solar flares registered in the period November 1997 - September 2017. We measure physical parameters of 10 solar flares, such as the temporal scale, size, and magnetic flux density, and find that the sizes of flares tend to be distributed more broadly as the GOES class becomes weaker and that there is a lower limit of magnetic flux density that depends on the GOES class. We also made a brief analysis of solar flares registered in these days, also has shown the duration of time and peak of solar flares in Universal time. We have identified several physical quantities of solar flares and estimated reconnection rate of solar flares. To determine the physical parameters we used images taken with the AIA instrument on board SDO satellite at wavelengths 131 Å, 174 Å, 193 Å, 211 Å, 335 Å, 1600 Å, 1700 Å, 4500 Å, SXT - pictures, HMI Magnetogram, SOLIS Chromospheric Magnetogram, GOES XRT-data. We estimate reconnection inflow velocity, coronal Alfven velocity, and reconnection rate using the observed values. The inflow velocities are distributed from a few km s-1 to several tens of km s-1, and the Alfven velocities in the corona are in the range from 103 to 104 km s-1. Hence, the reconnection rate is 10-3. We find that the reconnection rate in a flare tends to decrease as the GOES class of the flare increases.
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van Delft, Frederik, Hendrik Koffijberg, Valesca Retèl, Michel van den Heuvel i Maarten IJzerman. "The Validity and Predictive Value of Blood-Based Biomarkers in Prediction of Response in the Treatment of Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review". Cancers 12, nr 5 (30.04.2020): 1120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12051120.
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With the introduction of targeted therapies and immunotherapy, molecular diagnostics gained a more profound role in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to systematically search for studies reporting on the use of liquid biopsies (LB), the correlation between LBs and tissue biopsies, and finally the predictive value in the management of NSCLC. A systematic literature search was performed, including results published after 1 January 2014. Articles studying the predictive value or validity of a LB were included. The search (up to 1 September 2019) retrieved 1704 articles, 1323 articles were excluded after title and abstract screening. Remaining articles were assessed for eligibility by full-text review. After full-text review, 64 articles investigating the predictive value and 78 articles describing the validity were included. The majority of studies investigated the predictive value of LBs in relation to therapies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) receptor (n = 38). Of studies describing the validity of a biomarker, 55 articles report on one or more EGFR mutations. Although a variety of blood-based biomarkers are currently under investigation, most studies evaluated the validity of LBs to determine EGFR mutation status and the subsequent targeting of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors based on the mutation status found in LBs of NSCLC patients.
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Velaphi, Sithembiso, Daiva Yee, Mohammed Dabhelia, Firdose Nakwa, Reenu Thomas, Alison Van Kwawegen, Mahlori Mkhabele i in. "Improving Neonatal Survival Through Preventing Infections in Resource-Constrained Environment: A Quality Improvement Project". Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (październik 2020): s288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.862.
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Background: A recent study using minimally invasive tissue sampling at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH), a public tertiary-care hospital in South Africa, reported that 70% of preterm neonatal deaths were due to healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Based on these findings, CHBAH in collaboration with the CDC conducted an infection prevention and control (IPC) assessment and identified IPC gaps: limited training and mentorship of staff, medication preparation near the patient zone, and inadequate equipment cleaning and a high infection rates. We implemented a program from February 2019 to February 2020 to address these identified gaps, with the aim of reducing the neonatal sepsis rate. Methods: We focused our interventions on 3 essential activities in the neonatal wards: (1) conducting medication compounding in a safe environment with dedicated trained clinical pharmacy personnel; (2) improving cleaning and reprocessing of medical equipment through use of dedicated ward assistants; and (3) improving infection control–related behavior of frontline healthcare staff through on-site IPC mentorship and training. We captured data on process measures including medication errors and hand hygiene and outcome measures. We also looked at rates of infection, defined as positive cultures from blood and CSF per 1,000 patient days. Results: A NICU satellite pharmacy was established in February 2019 and was managed by a lead pharmacist and pharmacy assistants. Following the intervention, medication errors were reduced from 17% in March to 2% in September; nursing staff previously dedicated to medication preparation were able to spend more time in patient care. Furthermore, 4 full-time ward-assistants were hired in February 2019, and equipment is now cleaned using a standardized protocol in a dedicated cleaning area. A dedicated IPC team was assembled in January 2019 to develop standard operating procedures and conduct frequent trainings with healthcare personnel on IPC practices. Since these trainings were implemented, hand hygiene compliance improved from 25% to 48% over a 4-month period. There has been no significant change in blood/CSF infection rates from before implementation (2018): 17.7 per 1,000 patient days (95% CI, 16.7–18.8) compared to rate of 19.1 per 1,000 patient days (95% CI, 17.7–20.6) after implementation (March–September 2019), with a rate ratio of 1.08 (95% CI, 0.98–1.19). Conclusions: The impact of this program was demonstrated through process improvements and reduction in medication errors. However, to date there has been no change in the overall infection rates, suggesting that additional IPC interventions are needed or that other factors are contributing to the high infection rates.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None
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Rajbahak, S., C. Shrestha i A. Singh. "BACTERIOLOGICAL CHANGES OF BURN WOUNDS WITH TIME AND THEIR ANTIBIOGRAM". Scientific World 12, nr 12 (6.10.2015): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sw.v12i12.13601.
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A prospective study was carried out in 42 burn patients admitted in burn unit of Bir Hospital over a period of six months from September 2011 to February 2012 to evaluate time-related changes in aerobic bacterial colonization and their susceptibility pattern. Periodic swabs were taken from the burn wound on 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th weeks to see the changing pattern of organisms during hospital stay of patients. Wound swabs obtained from the burn patients were subjected to microbiological analysis. The isolates were identified by standard microbiological techniques and their antibiotic susceptibility was determined by using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion techniques. In the present study burn injury was highest in the age group 25-34 years (28.6%). Male to female ratio was 1:1.5. Fire was the major cause of burn (78.6%) followed by scald burn (7.1%). Among the 168 samples, single organism was isolated in 47.6% samples and mixed organisms in 39.9% and no growth in 12.5%. A total of 215 bacterial species were isolated from 168 samples in which Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounted for the highest percentage 45.6% followed by Staphylococcus aureus (19.1%), Acinetobacter spp. (17.7%) and coagulase negative Staphylococci (CONS) (5.6%). Gram negative bacteria were the dominating bacteria all over the study period and exhibited lower sensitivity to most of the antibiotic used. Furthermore, P. aeruginosa was least sensitive to most antibiotics used. Amikacin was the drug of choice for most Gram negative bacteria and vancomycin was found to be susceptible drug for Gram positive organisms (S. aureus and CONS). Continuous survey and analysis of changing microbial flora and their antibiogram in burn patients help in timely detection and control of spread of infection and also help to review effective antibiotic policies.Scientific World, Vol. 12, No. 12, September 2014, page 70-76
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Priddel, David, i Robert Wheeler. "Fecundity, egg size and the influence of rainfall in an isolated population of malleefowl (Leipoa ocellata)". Wildlife Research 32, nr 7 (2005): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr04041.
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An isolated population of malleefowl (Leipoa ocellata) at Yalgogrin in New South Wales, Australia, was studied intensively between 1986–87 and 1998–99. During this period the population produced 124 clutches, comprising a total of 1705 eggs. The number of clutches per annum varied between 5 and 15. Eggs were laid between mid-August and mid-February, with 90% laid between the last week of September and the first week of January. The mean date of laying of the first egg of each clutch (±s.d.) was 21 September ± 13 days and the mean date of the last egg was 23 December ± 19 days. The mean duration of egg laying varied significantly between years (range 70–117 days) and was negatively correlated with the daily maximum ambient temperature in December. Cool temperatures and rain in early summer prolonged the laying season. The mean interval between laying was 6.4 ± 1.1 days (range 3–12 days), with eggs laid at a faster rate during the first half of the laying period. Overall, mean clutch size was 14.1 ± 5.8 (range 1–28). Large clutches were the result of an extended period of laying rather than an increase in the rate of laying. Mean clutch size was greatest when laying extended into mid-February. The best predictor of clutch size was rainfall between May and December – the interval spanning both nest construction and egg laying. The mean volume of all measured eggs (n = 1362) was 162.1 ± 9.0 mL (range 99–200 mL). Egg volume varied during the laying period, with those eggs laid early or late in the breeding season being smaller. Eggs at Yalgogrin were, on average, 10.5% smaller than those recorded at nearby Pulletop.
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Brázdil, R., P. Dobrovolný, M. Trnka, O. Kotyza, L. Řezníčková, H. Valášek, P. Zahradníček i P. Štěpánek. "Droughts in the Czech Lands, 1090–2012 AD". Climate of the Past 9, nr 4 (20.08.2013): 1985–2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1985-2013.
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Abstract. This paper addresses droughts in the Czech Lands in the 1090–2012 AD period, basing its findings on documentary evidence and instrumental records. Various documentary sources were employed for the selection of drought events, which were then interpreted at a monthly level. While the data on droughts before 1500 AD are scarce, the analysis concentrated mainly on droughts after this time. A dry year in 1501–1804 period (i.e. pre-instrumental times) was defined as a calendar year in the course of which dry patterns occurred on at least two consecutive months. Using this definition, 129 dry years were identified (an average of one drought per 2.4 yr). From the 16th to the 18th centuries these figures become 41, 36 and 49 yr respectively, with the prevailing occurrence of dry months from April to September (73.7%). Drought indices – SPEI-1, Z-index and PDSI – calculated for the Czech Lands for April–September describe drought patterns between 1805 and 2012 (the instrumental period). N-year recurrence intervals were calculated for each of the three indices. Using N ≥ 5 yr, SPEI-1 indicates 40 drought years, Z-index 39 yr and PDSI 47 yr. SPEI-1 and Z-index recorded 100 yr drought in 1834, 1842, 1868, 1947 and 2003 (50 yr drought in 1992). PDSI as an indicator of long-term drought disclosed two important drought periods: 1863–1874 and 2004–2012. The first period was related to a lack of precipitation, the other may be attributed to recent temperature increases without significant changes in precipitation. Droughts from the pre-instrumental and instrumental period were used to compile a long-term chronology for the Czech Lands. The number of years with drought has fluctuated between 26 in 1951–2000 and 16 in 1651–1700. Only nine drought years were recorded between 1641 and 1680, while between 1981 and 2012 the figure was 22 yr. A number of past severe droughts are described in detail: in 1540, 1590, 1616, 1718 and 1719. A discussion of the results centres around the uncertainty problem, the spatial variability of droughts, comparison with tree-ring reconstructions from southern Moravia, and the broader central European context.
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Brázdil, R., P. Dobrovolný, M. Trnka, O. Kotyza, L. Řezníčková, H. Valášek, P. Zahradníček i P. Štěpánek. "Droughts in the Czech Lands, 1090–2012 AD". Climate of the Past Discussions 9, nr 3 (8.05.2013): 2423–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-9-2423-2013.
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Abstract. This paper addresses droughts in the Czech Lands in the 1090–2012 AD period, basing its findings on documentary evidence and instrumental records. Various documentary sources were employed for the selection of drought events, which were then interpreted at a monthly level. While the data on droughts before 1500 AD are scarce, the analysis concentrated mainly on droughts after this time. A dry year in 1501–1804 period (i.e. pre-instrumental times) was defined as a calendar year in the course of which dry patterns occurred on at least two consecutive months. Using this definition, 129 dry years were identified (an average of one drought per 2.4 yr). From the 16th to the 18th centuries these figures become 41, 36 and 49 yr, respectively, with the prevailing occurrence of dry months from April to September (73.7%). Drought indices – SPEI-1, Z-index and PDSI – calculated for the Czech Lands for April–September describe drought patterns between 1805 and 2012 (the instrumental period). N year recurrence intervals were calculated for each of the three indices. Using N ≥ 5 yr, SPEI-1 indicates 40 drought years, Z-index 39 yr and PDSI 47 yr. SPEI-1 and Z-index recorded 100 yr drought in 1834, 1842, 1868, 1947 and 2003 (50 yr drought in 1992). PDSI as an indicator of long-term drought disclosed two important drought periods: 1863–1874 and 2004–2012. The first period was related to a lack of precipitation, the other may be attributed to recent temperature increases without significant changes in precipitation. Droughts from the pre-instrumental and instrumental period were used to compile a long-term chronology for the Czech Lands. The number of years with drought has fluctuated between 26 in 1951–2000 and 16 in 1651–1700. Only nine drought years were recorded between 1641 and 1680, while between 1981 and 2012 the figure was 22 yr. A number of past severe droughts are described in detail: in 1540, 1590, 1616, 1718 and 1719. A discussion of the results centres around the uncertainty problem, the spatial variability of droughts, comparison with tree-ring reconstructions from southern Moravia, and the broader Central European context.
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Gröbner, Julian, Natalia Kouremeti, Gregor Hülsen, Ralf Zuber, Mario Ribnitzky, Saulius Nevas, Peter Sperfeld i in. "Spectral aerosol optical depth from SI-traceable spectral solar irradiance measurements". Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 16, nr 19 (12.10.2023): 4667–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4667-2023.
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Abstract. Spectroradiometric measurements of direct solar irradiance traceable to the SI were performed by three spectroradiometer systems during a 3-week campaign in September 2022 at the Izaña Atmospheric Observatory (IZO) located on the island of Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. The spectroradiometers provided direct spectral irradiance measurements in the spectral ranges 300 to 550 nm (QASUME), 550 to 1700 nm (QASUME-IR), 300 to 2150 nm (BiTec Sensor, BTS), and 316 to 1030 nm (Precision Solar Spectroradiometer, PSR), with relative standard uncertainties of 0.7 %, 0.9 %, and 1 % for QASUME/QASUME-IR, the PSR, and the BTS respectively. The calibration of QASUME and QASUME-IR was validated prior to this campaign at Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) by measuring the spectral irradiance from two spectral irradiance sources, the high-temperature blackbody BB3200pg as a national primary standard and the tuneable laser facility TULIP. The top-of-atmosphere (ToA) solar irradiance spectra from the spectroradiometers were retrieved from direct solar irradiance measurements using zero-air-mass extrapolation during cloud-free conditions, which were then compared to the TSIS-1 Hybrid Solar Reference Spectrum (HSRS). These ToA solar spectra agreed to within 1 % for spectral ranges longer than 400 nm (for QASUME also at shorter wavelengths) in the spectral regions free of significant trace gas absorption and were well within the combined uncertainties over the full investigated spectral range. Using the results from the comparison with QASUME, the relative standard uncertainty of the TSIS-1 HSRS ToA solar spectrum in the spectral range 308 to 400 nm could be reduced from its nominal 1.3 % to 0.8 %, representing the relative standard uncertainty of the QASUME ToA solar spectrum in this spectral range. The spectral aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrieved from the solar irradiance measurements of these spectroradiometers using the TSIS-1 HSRS as the reference ToA solar spectrum agreed to within 0.01 in optical depth in nearly all common spectral channels of two narrowband filter radiometers belonging to the Global Atmosphere Watch Precision Filter Radiometer (GAW-PFR) network and Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). This study shows that it is now possible to retrieve spectral AOD over the extended spectral range from 300 to 1700 nm using solar irradiance measurements traceable to the SI using laboratory-calibrated spectroradiometers with similar quality to that from traditional Langley-based calibrated instruments. The main improvement to previous investigations is the recent availability of the high-spectral-resolution TSIS-1 HSRS with very low uncertainties, which provides the top-of-atmosphere reference for the spectral atmospheric transmission measurements obtained from ground-based solar irradiance measurements.
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Molliere, C., A. F. Guedon, N. Kapel, F. Devassoigne, P. Senet Hausfater, F. Graiess, O. Fain, S. Riviere i A. Mekinian. "AB0812 GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS: CLUSTER ANALYSIS AND SEVERE INVOLVEMENT PREDICTION". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (30.05.2023): 1619.1–1619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.1700.
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BackgroundGastrointestinal tract (GIT) is the second most common organ involved in Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) after the skin, and is responsible for alteration of quality of life and SSc-related mortality.ObjectivesSince early development of organ failure is associated with poor prognosis, we need to identify risk factors associated with severe GIT involvement to prevent apparition of severe form of the disease.MethodsWe conducted an observational prospective and monocentric study which included 90 patients followed for SSc, from 26 December 2019 to 14 September 2021.ResultsWe included 90 patients in this study, with 76 female sex (84.4 %) and a median age of 55.7 years (IQR 44.3-64.4). 64 had a limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc) (71.1 %) and 26 had a diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) (28.9 %). We observed 28 patients (31.1 %) with a malnutrition and 9 patients (10 %) with at least one episode of digestive hemorrhage or small intestinal bacterial overgrowth or chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. The patients with malnutrition had less limited cutaneous SSc form (53.6 % vs 79 %, p = 0.027), more interstitial lung disease (57.1 % vs 27.4 %, p = 0.013) and more cardiac disease (39.3 % vs 11.3 %, p = 0.005). No patient without malnutrition died at the end of the follow-up whereas 4 patients with malnutrition died (p = 0.013). Clustering of individuals on the basis of the selected variables yielded a number of 3 clusters. Cluster 1, “Limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis” (n = 25) was only composed of lcSSc patients, presenting more frequently anti-centromeres antibodies (n = 22, 88% vs n = 9, 34.6%, p<0.001 and n = 2, 6.1%, p<0.001 in cluster 2 and 3 respectively). They had less frequently intestinal (n = 11, 44%) or anorectal involvement (n = 1, 4%) than cluster 2 (n = 24, 88.9% and n =16, 59.3%, p = 0.003 and p<0.01, respectively). They also had a better diffusing capacity for carbone monoxide (median [IQR]: 78.50 [70.25, 84.00], p < 0.001). Cluster 2 “SSc with cardio-digestive involvement” (n = 27) was composed of 20 patients with lcSSc (74.1%), less frequently than cluster 1 (n = 25, 100%, p = 0.02) and tends to be more frequently than cluster 3 (n = 19, 50%, p = 0.09). They had more frequently intestinal (n = 24, 88.9%) or anorectal involvement (n = 16, 59.3%). Regarding heart status, patients from cluster 2 had more frequently heart involvement (n = 12, 44.4 % vs n = 1, 4%, p = 0.002 and n = 5, 13.2%, p = 0.01 vs cluster 1 and 3 respectively) with higher BNP levels (median [IQR]: 91.0 [27.0, 244.5] vs 44.0 [20.0, 85.0], p = 0.03 and 27.0 [19.0, 42.0], p = 0.01 vs cluster 1 and cluster 3 respectively). They also had higher troponin levels than cluster 1 (median [IQR]: 8.5 [3.0, 21.5] vs 3.0 [2.0, 8.0], p = 0.04) and more frequently pericardial effusion (n = 7, 26.9% vs 0, 0.0% p < 0.01). Regarding treatment, they had more frequently aspirin (n = 7, 26.9% vs n = 0, 0%, p = 0.02 and n = 1, 2.6, p = 0.01 in cluster 1 and 3 respectively) and more frequently statin (n = 9, 34.6% vs n = 1, 4%, p = 0.02 and n = 1, 2.6%, p < 0.01). Cluster 3 “SSc with cutaneous and pulmonary involvement”, composed of 38 patients, including 19 patients (50%) with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. They had higher modified Rodnan score (median [IQR]: 10.0 [8.0, 17.0] vs 3.0 [0.0, 6.0], p <0.001 and 7.0 [3.0, 15.0], p = 0.04 in cluster 1 and 2 respectively). They had more interstitial lung disease according to the CT-scan compared to cluster 1 (n = 24, 61.1% vs n = 5, 20%, p < 0.001) and tends to have more compared to cluster 2 (n = 24, 61.1% vs n = 11, 40.7%, p = 0.095). They also had more frequently immunosuppressive treatments than cluster 2 (n = 26, 68.4% vs n = 10, 37%, p = 0.02) but less frequently biotherapy (n = 3, 7.9% vs n = 9, 34.6%, p = 0.02)ConclusionThis study reported the gastrointestinal manifestations in a cohort of 90 patients with SSc, with a predominance of gastro-esophageal involvement and in particular for the first time described a cluster analysis allowing classification of various clinical GIT phenotypes.REFERENCES:NIL.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.
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Pandit, Rakesh Kumar, Sanjay Chaudhary, Vinay Kumar Jha, Nilam Sah i Pawan Kumar Thakur. "Catheterization related urethral injury in periphery due to improper technique". Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Science 4, nr 1 (12.01.2017): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmcjms.v4i1.16386.
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Background and Objectives: Catheterization related urethral injury (CRUI), particularly in men, is common and produces significant morbidity. However, it seems to have gathered little interest of concerned authorities towards prevention. The objective of the study is to reveal that many CRUI are usually due to improper technique.Material and Methods: This is a retrospective and descriptive study carried out at Janaki Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Janakpur between May 2013 and September 2016. It included 18 male patients presenting in emergency with acute CRUI. Re-catheterization was attempted by experienced surgeons in them unless there was history suggestive of urethral stricture and the outcome was analyzed.Results: Mean age of the patients was 62.9 ± 17.7 (range: 22 - 90) years. When the consultant attended them, 8 (44.4%) patients had catheter in place with intraurethral balloon inflation (IUBI), and 10 patients had catheter removed. One patient in each group had scrotal hematoma suggesting urethral perforation. Excluding two patients with typical history suggestive of urethral stricture, manual urethral re-catheterization was attempted by surgeon in 16 patients and succeeded in 12 (75%) patients, which was remarkable. Rest of the 6 patients had suprapubic catheterization.Conclusion: Most of the CRUI results from technical fault and are potentially preventable.Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2016) Vol. 4(1): 53-58
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Padmaja, Kanne, Syeda Saba Hashmiya, Sukanya Sudhaharan, Vijay Dharma Teja, Madhusudhan Patil, Shantveer Uppin i Malladi Venkata Surya Subbalaxmi. "Utility of bone marrow examination (BME) in the diagnosis of pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO)". Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 17, nr 12 (31.12.2023): 1798–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.17367.
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Introduction: Bone marrow examination (BME) is a useful tool in the diagnosis of haematological and non-haematological diseases. It plays an important role in early diagnosis of the underlying cause of pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) and can influence the management of patients. Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) plays a very important role in establishing a definitive diagnosis in cases of PUO. The aim of this study was to review the indications and usefulness of bone marrow aspirates sent for microbiological evaluation as a diagnostic tool with histopathological correlation. Methodology: A prospective study was conducted from 1 January 2017 to 30 September 2019 in the Department of Microbiology and Pathology on the bone marrow aspirates of patients of all groups. Results: A total of 148 bone marrow aspirates were included. The cases were categorized as classical PUO (n = 81/148, 54.7%), nosocomial PUO (n = 4 /148, 2.7%), neutropenic PUO (n = 18/148, 12.1%), and immunocompromised PUO (n = 45/148, 30.4%), among which were systemic lupus erythematosus cases n = 8/45 (22.2%), human immunodeficiency virus positive cases n = 10/45 (17.7%), and renal transplant cases n = 27/45 (60%). A total of 28 BMAs were positive for microorganisms, out of which bacterial pathogens were n = 12 (42.8%), mycobacterial n = 12, 42.8%, fungal (n = 3, 10.7 %), and viruses (n = 1, 3.5%). Conclusions: This study helped in highlighting the role of bone marrow examination as an important diagnostic method in the diagnosis of infectious diseases.
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Zabel, F., i W. Mauser. "2-way coupling the hydrological land surface model PROMET with the regional climate model MM5". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 17, nr 5 (2.05.2013): 1705–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1705-2013.
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Abstract. Most land surface hydrological models (LSHMs) consider land surface processes (e.g. soil–plant–atmosphere interactions, lateral water flows, snow and ice) in a spatially detailed manner. The atmosphere is considered as exogenous driver, neglecting feedbacks between the land surface and the atmosphere. On the other hand, regional climate models (RCMs) generally simulate land surface processes through coarse descriptions and spatial scales but include land–atmosphere interactions. What is the impact of the differently applied model physics and spatial resolution of LSHMs on the performance of RCMs? What feedback effects are induced by different land surface models? This study analyses the impact of replacing the land surface module (LSM) within an RCM with a high resolution LSHM. A 2-way coupling approach was applied using the LSHM PROMET (1 × 1 km2) and the atmospheric part of the RCM MM5 (45 × 45 km2). The scaling interface SCALMET is used for down- and upscaling the linear and non-linear fluxes between the model scales. The change in the atmospheric response by MM5 using the LSHM is analysed, and its quality is compared to observations of temperature and precipitation for a 4 yr period from 1996 to 1999 for the Upper Danube catchment. By substituting the Noah-LSM with PROMET, simulated non-bias-corrected near-surface air temperature improves for annual, monthly and daily courses when compared to measurements from 277 meteorological weather stations within the Upper Danube catchment. The mean annual bias was improved from −0.85 to −0.13 K. In particular, the improved afternoon heating from May to September is caused by increased sensible heat flux and decreased latent heat flux as well as more incoming solar radiation in the fully coupled PROMET/MM5 in comparison to the NOAH/MM5 simulation. Triggered by the LSM replacement, precipitation overall is reduced; however simulated precipitation amounts are still of high uncertainty, both spatially and temporally. The distribution of precipitation follows the coarse topography representation in MM5, resulting in a spatial shift of maximum precipitation northwards of the Alps. Consequently, simulation of river runoff inherits precipitation biases from MM5. However, by comparing the water balance, the bias of annual average runoff was improved from 21.2% (NOAH/MM5) to 4.4% (PROMET/MM5) when compared to measurements at the outlet gauge of the Upper Danube watershed in Achleiten.
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Diallo, M., B. Legras i A. Chedin. "Age of stratospheric air in the ERA-Interim". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, nr 7 (11.07.2012): 17087–134. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-17087-2012.
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Abstract. The age of stratospheric air is calculated over 22 yr of the ERA-Interim reanalysis using an off-line Lagrangian transport model and heating rates. At low and mid-latitudes, the mean age of air is in good agreement with observed ages from aircraft flights, high altitude balloons and satellite observations of CO2 and SF6. The mid-latitude age spectrum in the lower stratosphere exhibits a long tail with a peak at 0.5 yr, which is maximum at the end of the winter, and a secondary flat maximum between 4 and 5 yr due to the combination of fast and slow branches of the Brewer-Dobson circulation and the reinforced barrier effect of the jet. At higher altitudes, the age spectrum exhibits the footprint of the annual modulation of the deep Brewer-Dobson circulation. The variability of the mean age is analysed through a decomposition in terms of annual cycle, QBO, ENSO and trend. The annual modulation is the dominating signal in the lower stratosphere and in the tropical pipe with amplitude up to one year. The phase of the oscillation is opposite in both hemisphere beyond 20° and is also reversed below and above 25 km with maximun arising in mid-March in the Northern Hemisphere and in mid-September in the Southern Hemisphere. The tropical pipe signal is in phase with the lower southern stratosphere and the mid northern stratosphere. The maximum amplitude of the QBO modulation is of about 0.5 yr and is mostly concentrated within the tropics between 25 and 35 km. It lags the QBO wind at 30 hPa by about 8 months. The ENSO signal is small and limited to the lower northen stratosphere. The trend is significant and negative, of the order of −0.3 to −0.5 yr dec−1, within the lower stratosphere in the Southern Hemisphere and under 40° N in the Northern Hemisphere below 25 km. It is positive (of the order of 0.3 yr dec−1) in the mid stratosphere but there is no region of consistent significance. This suggests that the shallow and deep Brewer-Dobson circulations may evolve in opposite directions. It is however difficult to estimate a reliable long-term trend from only 22 yr of data. For instance, a positive trend is found in the lower stratosphere if only the second half of the period is considered in agreement with MIPAS SF6 data excepted in the northern polar region and at high altitude. Finally, it is found that the long lasting influence of the Pinatubo eruption can be seen on the age of air from June 1991 until the end of 1993 and can bias the statistics encompassing this period. In our analysis, this eruption shifts the trend towards negative values by about 0.2 to 0.3 yr dec−1.
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McCahill, Laurence E., Greg Yothers, Saima Sharif, Nicholas J. Petrelli, Samia H. Lopa, Michael J. O'Connell i Norman Wolmark. "A phase II trial of 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX6) chemotherapy plus bevacizumab (bev) for patients (pts) with unresectable stage IV colon cancer and a synchronous asymptomatic primary tumor: Updated results of NSABP C-10 with definitive survival analysis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, nr 4_suppl (1.02.2013): 468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.4_suppl.468.
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468 Background: Surgical resection of asymptomatic primary colon tumor for pts presenting with synchronous yet unresectable metastatic disease is controversial. We published results for the primary endpoint in JCO in September 2012. Here we update the primary endpoint and present definitive survival results. Methods: Eligible pts had ECOG Performance 0 or 1, an asymptomatic colon tumor and unresectable distant metastases. Primary endpoint (PE) was major morbidity, defined as surgical resection or death related to the intact primary tumor. Major morbidity rate of 25% was considered acceptable and the trial had 85% power to rule out a rate of 40%. Secondary endpoints were overall survival and morbidity related to the intact primary requiring hospitalization, transfusion, or interventional procedure. Results: Between March 2006-June 2009, 90 pts were registered and 86 eligible pts with follow-up comprise this analysis. 52% were female and 47% were age 60+. Median follow-up was 61.5 mos. There were 15 (17.4%) major morbidity events, 12 (14.0%) required surgery: obstruction (9), perforation (2), and pain (1). Three (3.5%) resulted in pt death: perforation (2), obstruction (1). Cumulative incidence of major morbidity at 42 mos was 17.7% (95% CI 9.5-26.0%). Fourteen other primary tumor resections were performed: attempted cure (11), other reasons (3). There were 6 secondary endpoint events: 4 obstructions (2 required stents, 2 resolved with conservative management), 2 pts with suspected perforation required percutaneous drainage (1) and hospitalization and antibiotics (1). Median survival was 18.3 mos (95% CI 15.2-24.2). Two year OS rate was 38.7% and 3 year OS rate was 15.1%. Conclusions: The primary endpoint holds with the updated analysis justifying observation for asymptomatic primary colon cancers even in patients with a good clinical response of distant metastases. Clinical trial information: NCT 00321828.
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Dessu, Samuel, Tadesse Tsehay, Tadele Girum, Abebe Timerga, Mamo Solomon, Baye Tsegaye, Mulugeta Geremew i in. "The applicability of basic preventive measures of the pandemic COVID-19 and associated factors among residents in Guraghe Zone". PLOS ONE 16, nr 8 (25.08.2021): e0256598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256598.
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Introduction Internationally, countries have reacted to the COVID-19 outbreak by introducing key public health non-pharmaceutical interventions to protect vulnerable population groups. In response to COVID-19, the Government of Ethiopia has been taking a series of policy actions beyond public health initiatives alone. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the applicability of basic preventive measures of the pandemic COVID-19 and associated factors among the residents of Guraghe Zone from 18th to 29th September, 2020. Methods Community based cross sectional study was conducted at Guraghe Zone from 18th to 29th September, 2020. Systematic random sampling method was applied among the predetermined 634 samples. Variables which had p-value less than 0.25 in bivariate analysis were considered as candidate for multivariable logistic regression model. P-value <0.05 was used as a cutoff point to determine statistical significance in multiple logistic regressions for the final model. Result In this study, 17.7% (95% CI: 14.7, 20.5) of the respondents apply the basic preventive measures towards the prevention of the pandemic COVID-19. In addition, being rural resident (AOR: 4.78,; 95%CI: 2.50, 8.90), being studied grade 1–8 (AOR: 3.70; 95%CI: 1.70, 7.90), being a farmer (AOR: 4.10; 95%CI: 1.25, 13.35), currently not married (AOR: 2.20, 95%CI: 1.24, 4.06), having family size 1-3(AOR: 6.50; 95%CI: 3.21, 3.35), have no diagnosed medical illness (AOR: 6.40; 95%CI: 3.85, 10.83) and having poor knowledge (AOR: 3.50; 95%CI: 1.60, 7.40) were factors which are statistically significant in multivariable logistic regression model. Conclusion Despite the application of preventive measures and vaccine delivery, the applicability of the pandemic COVID-19 preventive measures was too low, which indicate that the Zone is at risk for the infection. Rural residents, those who have lower educational level, farmers, non-marrieds, those who have lower family size, those who have diagnosed medical illnesses and those who have poor knowledge were prone to the infection with the pandemic COVID-19 due to the lower practice of applying the basic preventive measures. In addition, awareness creation should be in practice at all levels of the community especially lower educational classes and rural residents.
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Bakys, R., R. Vasaitis i J. P. Skovsgaard. "Patterns and severity of crown dieback in young even-aged stands of european ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) in relation to stand density, bud flushing phenotype, and season". Plant Protection Science 49, No. 3 (18.06.2013): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/70/2012-pps.
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The extent and temporal pattern of crown damage (attributed to Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus) in even-aged stands of Fraxinus excelsior in relation to bud flushing phenotype, stand density, and season was investigated. Data were collected in 2007 in four statistically designed thinning experiments located in 12–15-years old plantations of ash in Denmark. The study included 21 plots of four contrasting, residual stand densities: (1) 1700–5500 trees/ha (unthinned control plots), (2) 1500 trees/ha, (3) 500 trees/ha, and (4) 100–150 trees/ha. Assessments included estimation of flushing phenotype in May, followed by evaluation of severity of crown damage (percentage of crown killed) in June and September. Simultaneously, for each tree, the presence or absence of crown wilt and dead tops were recorded. The seasonal pattern of disease severity (average crown damage) was similar in all stands, and disregarding stand density the extent of tree crown damage increased significantly towards the end of the growing season (P < 0.005). Disease severity was the worst in unthinned plots, but otherwise unrelated to stand density. Late-flushing trees were most severely affected (P < 0.001). The observed patterns of disease severity are probably associated with ecological features of the pathogen that still remain largely unknown.
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Castañeda, Karen, Omar Sánchez, Rodrigo F. Herrera i Guillermo Mejía. "Highway Planning Trends: A Bibliometric Analysis". Sustainability 14, nr 9 (5.05.2022): 5544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095544.
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An efficient highway infrastructure network is a determining factor in promoting the socio-economic development of countries and regions. Highway planning activities are highly important because their results ensure that projects are delivered within budget, schedule, and scope. Therefore, academics and professionals have promoted various methodological and technological advances focused on improving highway planning processes, evidenced by many scientific documents that address the topic. Despite progress, few studies have focused on analyzing the state of the knowledge structure and the technological and methodological trends of the highway planning topic. Considering this gap, this study presents trends in highway planning and its knowledge structure based on a bibliometric analysis from January 2015 to September 2021. The research method is based on a bibliometric analysis composed of five main stages: (1) scope definition, (2) selection of bibliometric analysis techniques, (3) data collection, (4) bibliometric analysis execution, and (5) evidence analysis and synthesis. Information from 1703 journal papers was collected and analyzed. The findings show that the main trends of highway planning focus on life cycle analysis, computational tools, smart cities, sustainability issues, construction processes, new equipment and materials, and multi-objective optimization, among others. Thus, the findings of this study allow the reader to identify the methodological and technological trends in highway planning and their knowledge gaps to guide future studies in the field.
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Nelson, William T., Mark E. Branine, Tony C. Bryant, Shawn L. Archibeque i John J. Wagner. "PSI-9 Effect of Pen-Surface Temperature and Trace Mineral Source on Infrared Hide Temperature in Cattle Raised in Confinement Under a Natural-Feeding Protocol in Summer". Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (3.11.2020): 267–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.482.
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Abstract Thirty-two pens housing between 249–282 beef cattle each were blocked by arrival date and sex and used to investigate effects of pen-surface temperature, trace mineral source and sex on hide temperature. A randomized complete block design was used with 2 treatments: 1) Control, with inorganic sources for all trace minerals of interest; and 2) Test, with ProPath (Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN) used to provide additional AA complexes of Zn and Mn, complexed Co, and ruminally-protected folic acid to basal control diet. Cattle were fed to meet requirements of JBS “Aspen Ridge” and observed twice monthly from June–September. Three observations per observation day were made at these times: 1) 0700–1000; 2) 1015–1315; 3) 1430–1700 (all times ± 30 min). Hide temperatures were observed caudal to glenohumeral joints of 10 black-hided and, when available, 10 non-black-hided animals per pen. Within each pen, surface temperatures were observed at 3 locations on the cement bunk apron and 7 locations on the dirt surface. Temperatures were observed using a Fluke VT04 visual infrared thermometer. Temperatures were greater on black-hided cattle than non-black-hided cattle (P < 0.0001) and on steers than heifers (P < 0.0001). Temperatures on Test cattle were greater (P = 0.0008) than temperatures on Control cattle, but this effect was small (0.251o C) and inconsistent across observation days (treatment within date interaction: P < 0.0001). Pen-surface temperatures were greater in Time 2 than Time 1 (P < 0.0001), but not different between Time 2 and Time 3 (P = 0.37). Hide temperatures on all cattle were correlated with pen-surface temperature (R2 = 0.43). Trace mineral source had a small but statistically significant effect on hide temperature. Correlations between hide temperature and visible signs of heat stress are unclear and warrant further observation.