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Rafiq, Sonia, Sumaira Yasmin, Nazia Liaqat i Ghazala Shams. "PREVALENCE OF MATERNAL NEAR-MISS AND MATERNAL MORTALITY, THEIR DISTRIBUTION BY GESTATION AND GRAVIDITY AND CAUSES IN WOMEN WITH LIVE BIRTHS IN DISTRICT PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN". Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences 19, nr 2 (30.06.2021): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.46903/gjms/19.02.844.
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Background: Maternal near-miss (MNM) and maternal mortality (MM) are indicators for quality of health care system. The objectives of our study were to determine prevalence of MNM and MM and their distribution by gestation and gravidity and their causes in women with live births population of District Peshawar, Pakistan.Material Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan from January 2017 to June 2017. From assumed population of 185,676 pregnant women in District Peshawar, 10% prevalence of MNM, 1.0448% margin of error and 95%CL, sample size was calculated 3,115. All women with live birth were eligible. Presence of MNM and MM, causes of MNM and MM, gestational age and gravidity were six variables. Being nominal, all were analysed by count and ratio or percentage with 80%CI. MNM Ratio was calculated per 1,000 live births and MM Ratio per 100,000 live births.Results: Out of 3,115 women with live births, MNM cases were 494 with MNMR 158.59/1,000 (80%CI 150.19-166.97) and MM cases were 16 with MMR 513.64/100,000 population (95%CI 349.50-677.78). There were 232 MNM cases in ≤28 weeks and 262 in 28 weeks gestational age with similar MNMR between these groups. There were 244 MNM cases in primigravida and 250 in multigravida with similar MNMR between these groups. There were five MM cases in ≤28 weeks and 11 in 28 weeks gestational age with similar MMR between these groups. There were five MM cases in primigravida and 11 in multigravida with similar MMR between these groups as their CIs are overlapping. Haemorrhage was most common cause for MNM in 365 (11.7175%) cases and for MM in 8 (0.2568%) cases.Conclusion: The maternal near-miss ratio (MNMR) and maternal mortality ratio (MMR) are relatively higher in population of District, Peshawar, Pakistan. MNMR and MMR both have similar prevalence in ≤28 weeks and in 28 weeks gestational age groups and also similar in primigravida and in multigravida groups. Haemorrhage (antepartum and postpartum) was most common cause both for maternal near-miss (MNM) and maternal mortality (MM).
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Liu, Weiwei, i Kai Cheng. "An Analytical Model for Predicting Ground Pressure under a Rigid-Flexible Tracked Vehicle on Soft Ground". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (22.01.2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6734121.
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Ground pressure is a significant parameter for the mobility, tractive performance, and soil compaction. In this study, an analytical model for predicting ground pressure distribution under a rigid-flexible tracked vehicle on soft ground was developed. The model considered the primary design parameters of the tracked vehicle, soil characteristics, and soil shear. The ground pressure was not uniform, and its maximum values under the roadwheels were 90.20, 103.57, and 150.14 kPa. The ground pressure was inversely proportional to the ratio of the lengths of the flexible track and rigid grouser. An experiment was conducted to verify the analytical model. The maximum error between the measured and simulated results was smaller than 8%, thereby verifying the analytical model.
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Silva, Pâmila Carolini Gonçalves da, Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo, Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo, Maria Da Graça Morais, Jonilson Araújo da Silva, Natália Da Silva Heimbach, Gleice Kelli Ayardes de Melo i Marlova Cristina Mioto da Costa. "Protein-energy supplementation for lambs: feed intake, ingestive behavior, rumen parameters and nutrient digestibility". Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, nr 4Supl1 (25.08.2017): 2631. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4supl1p2631.
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The study evaluated the effects of dietary protein-energy supplementation on feed intake, ingestive behavior, rumen parameters and nutrient digestibility in lambs. Four castrated lambs with 31.9 kg mean body weight and fistulated rumen were tested. distributed into latin square design (4x4), four treatments were tested over four periods of time: no supplementation (control) or with supplementation at 8, 16 and 24 g kg-1 body weight. The supplement (soybean meal, soybean hulls, ground corn and minerals) was provided with roughage (Tifton Bermudagrass, Cynodon spp., hay), which was offered ad libitum once a day, at 8h00. In treatments receiving 0 (control), 8, 16 and 24 g kg-1 supplementation, dry matter intake was 685.26, 742.86, 842.51 and 1013.33 g day-1, crude protein intake was 80.18, 95.98, 118.64, 150.14 g day-1 and metabolizable energy intake 1.55, 1.91, 2.31 and 2.98 g day-1, respectively. Treatments receiving the highest supplementation levels spent less time with rumination and feeding and rested for longer (P < 0.05). Protein-energy supplementation level did not affect rumen parameters. Average rumen pH was 6.3 and rumen ammonia nitrogen 165 mg dL-1; both were affected by sampling time. Supplementation levels until 24 g kg-1 BW improves feed intake and nutrient digestibility linearly and changes ingestive behavior, lowering rumination time without affecting rumen parameters.
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Silva, Pâmila Carolini Gonçalves da, Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo, Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo, Maria Da Graça Morais, Jonilson Araújo da Silva, Natália Da Silva Heimbach, Gleice Kelli Ayardes de Melo i Marlova Cristina Mioto da Costa. "Protein-energy supplementation for lambs: feed intake, ingestive behavior, rumen parameters and nutrient digestibility". Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, nr 4Supl1 (25.08.2017): 2631. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4suplp2631.
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The study evaluated the effects of dietary protein-energy supplementation on feed intake, ingestive behavior, rumen parameters and nutrient digestibility in lambs. Four castrated lambs with 31.9 kg mean body weight and fistulated rumen were tested. distributed into latin square design (4x4), four treatments were tested over four periods of time: no supplementation (control) or with supplementation at 8, 16 and 24 g kg-1 body weight. The supplement (soybean meal, soybean hulls, ground corn and minerals) was provided with roughage (Tifton Bermudagrass, Cynodon spp., hay), which was offered ad libitum once a day, at 8h00. In treatments receiving 0 (control), 8, 16 and 24 g kg-1 supplementation, dry matter intake was 685.26, 742.86, 842.51 and 1013.33 g day-1, crude protein intake was 80.18, 95.98, 118.64, 150.14 g day-1 and metabolizable energy intake 1.55, 1.91, 2.31 and 2.98 g day-1, respectively. Treatments receiving the highest supplementation levels spent less time with rumination and feeding and rested for longer (P < 0.05). Protein-energy supplementation level did not affect rumen parameters. Average rumen pH was 6.3 and rumen ammonia nitrogen 165 mg dL-1; both were affected by sampling time. Supplementation levels until 24 g kg-1 BW improves feed intake and nutrient digestibility linearly and changes ingestive behavior, lowering rumination time without affecting rumen parameters.
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Khan, I., K. L. Lee, A. N. Ha, P. R. Park, S. H. Song, M. M. R. Chowdury, L. Xu, M. D. Joo i I. K. Kong. "87 COAGULANSIN-A VIA HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 70 INDUCTION SHOWS BENEFICIAL EFFECTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF BOVINE EMBRYOS IN VITRO". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 28, nr 2 (2016): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv28n2ab87.
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Coagulansin-A (withanolide) is the steroidal lactone obtained from Withania coagulans, which belong to Solanaceae family. The coagulansin-A induces heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70), which acts as a cellular antioxidant. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of coagulansin-A on bovine oocytes maturation and embryo development in vitro. All these oocytes were aspirated from the ovaries obtained from Korean Hanwoo cows at a local abattoir. To analyse the possible beneficial effect of coagulansin-A on bovine oocytes maturation in vitro, 355 oocytes per group (control and treatment) in seven replicates were subjected with three concentrations i.e. (1, 5, and 10 µM) of coagulansin-A. The coagulansin-A was added in the in vitro-matured (IVM) media for 20 to 22 h followed by IVF for 18 to 22 h, and after fertilization the fertilized oocytes were transferred to IVC1 media for 3 days. After 3 days, the cleavage rate was checked and the 8-cell stage embryos were transferred to IVC2 media and embryo development was checked at Day 8. The culture was carried out at 5% CO2 and 38.5°C. The results indicated that among the three concentrations of Coagulansin-A, only 5 µM remarkably (P < 0.05) improved embryo development (Day 8 blastocyst), being 27.30% and 40.01% for control and treated groups, respectively. This concentration also significantly (P < 0.05) encouraged the activation of HSP-70, having 16.44 arbitrary units (AU) and 35.41 AU integral optical density (IOD) for control and treated groups, respectively. The immunofluorescence analysis revealed that 5 µM coagulansin-A supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited oxidative stress and inflammation during bovine embryo development in vitro by decreasing IOD of 8-Oxoguanosine (8-OxoG) from 28.12 AU in control to 18.06 AU for the treated group and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) IOD (P < 0.05) from 42.25 AU to 21.80 for control and treated groups, respectively. Additionally, the results obtained from terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase TUNEL assay confirmed that coagulansin-A treatment reduced the bovine embryo DNA damage significantly (P < 0.05) from 7.4 ± 0.375 to 5.7 ± 0.287 and improved the embryo quality (P < 0.05) with mean cell numbers of 127.7 ± 4.161 and 150.1 ± 3.624 per embryo for control and coagulansin-A treated groups, respectively. This study provides new information regarding the mechanisms by which coagulansin-A promotes bovine oocyte maturation and embryo development in vitro.
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Lin, Li-Yun, Chiung Chi Peng, Yi-Ping Huang, Kuan-Chou Chen i Robert Y. Peng. "p-Synephrine Indicates Internal Maturity of Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck cv. Mato Peiyu—Reclaiming Functional Constituents from Nonedible Parts". Molecules 28, nr 10 (22.05.2023): 4244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104244.
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The processing of Citrus grandis Osbeck cv. Mato Peiyu (CGMP) fruits generates a considerable amount of waste, mainly the flavedo, albedo, and segment membrane; the generated waste yields severe environmental and economic challenges. In this study, we tried to reclaim some functional chemicals from the waste. Our data indicated that the essential oil content in the flavedo was 0.76–1.34%, with the major component being monoterpenes (93.75% in August, declining to 85.56% in November, including mainly limonene (87.08% to 81.12%) and others such as β-myrcene). p-Synephrine (mg/100 g dry weight) declined accordingly (flavedo, 10.40 to 2.00; albedo, 1.80 to 0.25; segment membrane, 0.3 in August, 0.2 in September, and none since October). Polyphenols (in μg/g) included gallic acid (70.32–110.25, 99.27–252.89, and 105.78–187.36, respectively); protocatechuic acid (65.32–204.94, 26.35–72.35, and 214.98–302.65, respectively), p-coumaric acid (30.63–169.13, 4.32–17.00, and 6.68–34.32, respectively), ferulic acid (12.36–39.36, 1.21–10.25, and 17.07–39.63, respectively), and chlorogenic acid (59.19–199.36, 33.08–108.57, and 65.32–150.14, respectively). Flavonoids (in μg/g) included naringin (flavedo, 89.32–283.19), quercetin (181.05–248.51), nobiletin (259.75–563.7), hesperidin, and diosmin. The phytosterol content (mg/100 g) was 12.50–44.00 in the flavedo. The total dietary fiber in the segment membrane was 57 g/100 g. The antioxidant activity against the DPPH• and ABTS+• free radicals was moderately high. In conclusion, the waste of CGMP fruits is worth reclaiming for essential oil, p-synephrine, polyphenolics, and dietary fiber. Notably, p-synephrine content (flavedo: <8 mg/100 g dry weight, albedo: <2.0, or segment membrane: <0.4 mg) can serve as a marker of the internal maturation of CGMP fruits.
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Adair, Kelton, Andrea K. Watson, Jim C. MacDonald i Karla Wilke. "220 Evaluation of Forage Quality of Crested Wheat Grass". Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_2 (12.04.2022): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.178.
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Abstract An experiment evaluated forage value of crested wheat grass (CWG) harvested from Western Nebraska over a 2-year period (2019-2020). Two large pastures, comprised of 95% CWG, were divided into 13 paddocks (34.4 ha, 3 paddocks and 42.5 ha, 10 paddocks). Within each pasture, 2 paddocks were assigned at random for sampling. Forage samples were collected twice each month from 2 random locations within assigned paddocks by hand clipping forage within a 0.25m2 quadrant at ground level. For each year, samples were composited by pasture and month. Samples from 2019 (n = 10) were harvested in May, June, July, August, and September while 2020 samples (n = 8) were harvested in May, June, July, and August due to drought conditions. Local precipitation from May 1st to September 30th was 552.7 mm for 2019 and 150.1 mm for 2020 with a 10-yr average precipitation of 350.0 mm. Cattle were stocked at 4.2 hectares per steer using a rotational grazing system. Samples were freeze dried and ground to a 1mm particle size to evaluate in-vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD, % of DM), and in-vitro organic matter disappearance (IVOMD, % of OM). Orthogonal contrasts were used to analyze changes in forage quality over time with month and pasture as fixed effects (glimmix procedure of SAS). Forage quality quadratically decreased over the growing season in 2019 (IVDMD, P = 0.02 and IVOMD, P < 0.01). In May, 2019 CWG averaged 54.0% IVDMD and 60.4% IVOMD and decreased to 37.0% IVDMD and 43.3% IVOMD by September 30th. No significant differences in IVDMD (P = 0.57) or IVOMD (P = 0.53) between months were detected for samples collected in 2020 averaging 43.1% IVDMD and 46.8% IVOMD. When precipitation is not limiting CWG, forage quality is greatest early in the growing season and decreases as it matures.
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Sarkozy, Clémentine, Lucile Baseggio, Evelyne Callet-Bauchu, Lionel Karlin, Laure L. Lebras, Anne-Sophie Michallet, Olivier Dumas i in. "Detection of Leukemic Phase in Patients with Follicular Lymphoma At Diagnosis: A Rare Event Associated with Poor Prognosis". Blood 120, nr 21 (16.11.2012): 1594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.1594.1594.
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Abstract Abstract 1594 Background: Follicular Lymphoma (FL) is the most frequent low-grade NHL. Clinical course is heterogeneous, some patients (pts) presenting an indolent clinical course with overall survival (OS) over 15 y and others developing a more aggressive disease with shorter survival. The Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) or FLIPI-2 are commonly used to predict pts outcome, but fail to identify pts with a really poor prognosis. At diagnosis, few FL pts present with detectable leukemic phase (FL-LP) and this characteristic has been seldom described. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe the clinical features and outcome of FL-LP pts. Results: Among 499 pts diagnosed with FL according to the WHO criteria in the Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud (transformation and grade 3b excluded) and treated between 01/1992 and 01/2012, 37 (7.4%) had characteristic FL-LP detected by cytological blood smears analysis with confirmation by flow cytometry (kappa/lambda clonality). Median age was 58 y and FLIPI score repartition was 4 pts in low, 16 in intermediate, and 17 in high risk groups. Splenomegaly was present in 23 pts, high tumour burden (GELF criteria) in 11, B symptoms in 8, and ECOG PS>1 in 3. Seven pts had anaemia, 17 platelets <150.109/L, 22 β2-microglobulin (β2-m) >UNL, and 11 LDH >UNL. The circulating lymphoma cells expressed the CD10 in 29/37 cases and surface Ig expression was detected in 31/35 cases, mainly IgM or IgG isotype. The median count of circulating lymphoma cells was 1.95.109/L, ranging from 0.6 to 129.109/L, 15 pts having count >4.109/L and 6 pts >10.109/L. Cytogenetic data were available for 21 pts, 20 carried the t(14;18), or its variant t(18;22), 16 of them having complex karyotype. Two pts were on watchful waiting for 24 and 82 m and 35 received a chemotherapy regimen at diagnosis including rituximab in 27 cases. Overall response rate was 83% (29/35) with 23 CR/CRu. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 29 m. PFS and OS estimates were 37% and 86% at 5 y and 31% and 68% at 10 y, respectively. Splenomegaly (P=.035), high tumour burden (P=.017), lymphoma cells count greater than 4.109/L (P=.028), β2-m>UNL (P=.036), and thrombocytopenia (<150.109/L) (P=.003) were all associated with a shorter PFS. Exploratory multivariate analysis identified thrombocytopenia (HR 6.62; P=.0014) and circulating lymphoma cells >4.109/L (HR 5.92; P=.000916) as independent prognostic factors. After progression, 12 pts received high-dose therapy (HDT) with HSCT as salvage with a long second PFS (68% at 10 y) compared to 8.3 m median PFS in first line. Pts not receiving HDT at salvage had a median second PFS of 27 m. To further evaluate the impact of FL-LP on pts outcome, a 1:3 matched analysis was performed. The FL-LP 37 pts were successfully matched with 111 newly diagnosed FL without FL-LP according to FLIPI score, age, treatment type (abstention vs chemotherapy, with or without rituximab) and treatment period (before or after 2000). In these 111 matched pts, 5- and 10-y OS was 97% and 91%, respectively. Considering all 148 pts, high FLIPI score, presence of FL-LP, and β2-m>UNL were all significantly associated with a worse PFS. In a Cox regression model for PFS (120/148 pts with complete data), high FLIPI score (P=.0034; HR=2) and presence of FL-LP (P=.0085; HR=2.2) remained independently associated with shorter PFS. High FLIPI score and presence of FL-LP were also associated with a shorter OS. Interestingly pts with less than 4.109/L of circulating lymphoma cells had a similar PFS than those without. When circulating lymphoma cells >4.109/L as variable (see abstract figure) instead of FL-LP were tested in the Cox regression model for PFS including β2-m>UNL and FLIPI score as variables, the most significant predictor for a shorter PFS was circulating lymphoma cells >4.109/L (P=.0004; HR=3.56) as compared to FLIPI score (P=.051; HR=1.6) and β2-m (P=.09; HR=1.52). Conclusion: The presence of circulating lymphoma cells in FL is a rare event and is associated with shorter PFS independently of FLIPI score and β2-m level. A validation of these findings on pts from the PRIMA study is on progress. However, this population is not homogenous and pts with circulating lymphoma cells >4.109/L have a poorer outcome. Although ∼1/3 of the pts experience long term PFS, these pts should be monitored carefully during and after first line treatment to consider HSCT as a therapeutic option to achieve a sustained response. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Любина, Ольга Станиславовна, i Лилия Георгиевна Гречухина. "СЕЗОННАЯ ДИНАМИКА ФИТОПЛАНКТОНА В МЕШИНСКОМ ЗАЛИВЕ КУЙБЫШЕВСКОГО ВОДОХРАНИЛИЩА". Российский журнал прикладной экологии, nr 1 (25.03.2022): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/2411-7374.2022.1.31.38.
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В статье представлены результаты сезонного мониторинга фитопланктона в Мешинском заливе в 2019 г. За время наблюдений в районе исследования обнаружено 153 наименования микроводорослей видового и надвидового ранга 8 таксономических групп. Более высокий уровень удельного видового богатства отмечен в летние месяцы. Весной и осенью количество таксонов было выше в русле, а летом – сходным на обеих станциях. Установлены два пика численности и биомассы в мае и сентябре. За все время исследований количественные данные имели более высокие значения в прибрежной зоне. Обнаружено высокое сходство видового состава фитопланктона глубоководного и мелководного участков и сопряженность колебаний их количественных показателей, что свидетельствует о наличии единого сообщества микроводорослей на всех станциях. Выявлена положительная корреляция разнообразия и обилия фитопланктона с температурой воды, которая в большей степени выражена в прибрежье. По результатам кластерного анализа на основе коэффициента сходства Брэя-Куртиса отмечено три комплекса видов, характерных для весеннего, летнего и осеннего этапов наблюдений. «Весенний» кластер объединил обе станции, выполненные в мае. Средняя численность здесь была 6.7±0.2 млн. кл/л, средняя биомасса – 6.9±1.7 г/м3, удельное видовое богатство – 44±2 видов/ст., доминантом выступала синезеленая водоросль Planktothrix agardhii (Gomont) Anagnostidis & Komárek 1988. «Летний» кластер охватил все станции, выполненные с июня по сентябрь. Средняя численность составила 3.8±0.7 млн. кл/л, средняя биомасса – 4.02±0.9 мг/л, среднее удельное видовое богатство – 52±3 видов/ст., доминировали P. agardhii. В «осенний» кластер вошли все станции, выполненные в октябре. Средняя численность здесь была 0.528±0.006 млн. кл/л, средняя биомасса – 0.55±0.01 мг/л, среднее удельное видовое богатство – 22±2 вида/ст. В русле доминировали диатомовые Stephanodiscus sp., а в прибрежье – диатомовые Skeletonema subsalsum (A.Cleve) Bethge 1928.
Библиографические ссылки
1. Абрамова К.И., Токинова Р.П., Шагидуллин Р.Р. Динамика сезонного развития альгоценозов в Казанском заливе Куйбышевского водохранилища // Вода: химия и экология. 2019. №7-9. С. 62–66.2. Ивантер Э.В., Коросов А.В. Введение в количественную биологию. Петрозаводск: Изд-во ПетрГУ, 2011. 302 с.3. Копылов А.И., Масленникова Т.С., Косолапов Д.Б. Сезонные и межгодовые колебания первичной продукции фитопланктона в Рыбинском водохранилище, влияние погодных и климатических изменений // Водные ресурсы. 2019. Т. 46, №3. С. 270–277. doi: 10.31857/S0321-0596463270-2774. Корнева Л.Г. Планктонные альгоценозы прибрежья Рыбинского водохранилища // Пресноводные гидробионты и их биология. Л., 1983. С. 38−51.5. Миргородченко Н.Н. Фитопланктон и первичная продукция мелководий Куйбышевского водохранилища // Известия ГосНИОРХ. 1974. Т. 89. С. 165−166.6. Мордухай-Болтовской Ф.Д. Методика изучения биогеоценозов внутренних водоемов. М.: Наука, 1975. 240 с.7. Одум Ю. Основы экологии. М.: Мир, 1975. 740 с.8. Паутова В.Н., Номоконова В.И. Продуктивность фитопланктона Куйбышевского водохранилища. Тольятти: ИЭВБ РАН, 1994. 188 с.9. Рахуба А.В. Оценка влияния гидродинамического режима на развитие фитопланктона и качество воды Куйбышевского водохранилища // Учен. зап. Казанского ун-та. Сер. Естественные науки. 2020. Т. 162, №3. С. 430–444. doi:10.26907/2542-064X.2020.3.430-44410. Сахарова Е.Г., Корнева Л.Г. Фитопланктон // Гидроэкология устьевых областей притоков равнинного водохранилища. Ярославль: Филигрань, 2015. С. 138–150.11. Северов Ю. А., Кузнецов В. А., Шакирова Ф. М., Кузнецов В. В. Оценка численности ранней молоди рыб на прибрежных нерестилищах Мешинского залива Куйбышевского водохранилища // Вестник АГТУ. Сер. Рыбное хозяйство. 2018. №2. С. 33–38. doi: 10.24143/2073-5529-2018-2-33-4012. Федоров В.Д. О методах изучения фитопланктона и его активности. М.: Моск. ун-т, 1979. 168 с.13. Халиуллина Л.Ю., Яковлев В.А. Фитопланктон мелководий в верховьях Куйбышевского водохранилища. Казань: Изд-во Академии наук РТ, 2015. 171 с.14. Экология фитопланктона Куйбышевского водохранилища. Л.: Наука. 1989. 304 с.15. Clarke K.R., Warwick R.M. Change in marine communities: an approach to statistical analysis and interpretation. 2-nd edition. Plymouth Mar. Lab. PRIMER-5: Plymouth, 2001. 154 p.
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Yehudai-Ofir, Dana, Nasren Eiza, Israel J. Henig, Tsila Zuckerman i Zahava Vadasz. "Soluble LAG3: A Potential Marker for the Development and Activity of Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease". Blood 142, Supplement 1 (28.11.2023): 4795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-184496.
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Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), usually developing within 100 days after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), is mainly attributed to donor T cell pro-inflammatory responses against mismatched host histocompatibility antigens. The persistence of increased effector T cell responses following HSCT is partially related to an altered function of T regulatory cells (Tregs) and their failure to prevent GVHD. Certain immune checkpoint molecules, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) and lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG3), highly expressed on Tregs, are involved in maintaining immune tolerance and preventing immune-mediated inflammation. LAG3 is a newly identified inhibitory receptor, found on most immune cells, including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, Tregs, and dendritic cells. Previous studies have demonstrated a role of LAG3 expression on T cells in GVHD suppression. Its soluble isoform sLAG3, released from the cell membrane, has been recently reported to also contribute to enhanced immune-mediated responses in solid tumors and autoimmune diseases, such as anti-PD1-resistant melanoma, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and ANCA-associated vasculitis. Given this evidence, the current study aimed to explore a potential role of sLAG3 in GVHD development. Serum samples of 25 patients (≥18 years old) who underwent allogeneic HSCT at Rambam from 01.2021 to 01.2023 were drawn on days -7, +100, +180 of transplant. Twelve serum samples obtained from the Biobank were used as healthy control (HC). All samples were assessed for the sLAG3 levels using a commercial ELISA kit. The median level measured in HC (56pg/mL) was considered a cutoff to define the “low and high level sLAG3 groups”. Twenty-three patients were included in the analysis [median age at transplant - 59.5 years (range 19-75); 52% males]. Seventeen patients had acute myeloid leukemia, 3 - myelodysplastic syndrome, 2 - acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 1 had primary myelofibrosis. Fourteen patients had a matched unrelated donor, 6- matched related donors, and 3 - haploidentical donors. Nineteen patients received calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) and methotrexate-based GVHD prophylaxis (13 with ATG); 4 patients received post-transplant cytoxan-based prophylaxis, with CNI and mycophenolate-mofetil. Overall, 17/23 (74%) patients developed GVHD: 9 - aGVHD and 8 - chronic GVHD (cGVHD). A low pre-transplant sLAG3 level (<56pg/mL) was found in 8/23 patients, while it was high (>56pg/mL) in 15/23. Notably, 9/15 (60%) patients in the “high sLAG3 group”, but none in the “low sLAG3 group” were diagnosed with aGVHD, suggesting a high sLAG3 level as a possible indicator for patient-pre-transplant susceptibility to aGVHD development, irrespective of transplant factors, such as conditioning regimen, donor type, etc. Four patients in each group developed cGVHD. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in sLAG3 levels between the baseline and GVHD diagnosis in patients who developed aGVHD (mean: from 156.1±172.8, to 323.9±201.3), but not in those who either had cGVHD (mean: from 119.71±90.5 to 150.1±147.1) or did not have GVHD (mean: from 49.7±36 to 52.1±22.2). Overall, 11/23 patients were in complete remission (CR) at the time of HSCT; 9/11 were in the high-sLAG3 group and 6 of them developed aGVHD. In the low-sLAG3 group, most patients (6/8) had some degree of active disease (persistent disease or minimal-residual disease). These findings may reflect high T-effector cell and/or low Treg activity, possibly contributing to both anti-leukemic effect and GVHD development. In conclusion: The current study demonstrates, for the first time, that the pre-transplant sLAG3 level is significantly increased and continues to further increase in patients who develop aGVHD following HSCT compared to those who don't. These findings suggest a potential role of sLAG3 as a predicting factor for aGVHD development as well as a marker of treatment response that could guide therapeutic decisions in this patient setting.
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Yang, Sai, Liming Yang, Hongmei Liao, Mei Chen, Mei Feng, Shulei Liu i Lihong Tan. "Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Children With Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis". Frontiers in Pediatrics 9 (22.04.2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.605042.
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Objective: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (anti-NMDA) receptor encephalitis is the most common autoimmune encephalitis in pediatric patients. The study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in children in South China.Methods: This was a retrospective study of children diagnosed with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis between 01/2014 and 12/2017 at Hunan Children's Hospital. Laboratory, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and electroencephalography data were collected. The short-term (6-month) outcomes were assessed using the Liverpool score by the same pediatric neurologist. The children were divided into good (scores 4–5) and poor (score <3) clinical outcomes.Results: Among the 51 patients, 21 (41.2%) were male. The most common clinical symptoms were dyskinesia (88.2%), personality change (84.3%), seizure (82.4%), and cognitive disorder (31.4%). Two were transferred to another hospital, 45 (91.8%) received intravenous immunoglobulins, 41 (83.7%) received methylprednisolone, and 8 (16.3%) received plasma exchange. Eight (16.3%) received rituximab for second-line treatment, six after intravenous immunoglobulin and methylprednisolone treatment, and two after plasma exchange therapy failed. Seven were lost to follow-up. The short-term outcome was good in 23 patients. Cognitive disorder [odds ratio (OR): 23.97, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12–513.30, P = 0.042) and abnormal brain MRI (OR: 14.29, 95% CI: 1.36–150.10, P = 0.027] were independently associated with a poor short-term outcome after adjustment for age, GCS, and rituximab use.Conclusions: MRI abnormalities and cognitive disorders are independently associated with poor short-term outcomes in children with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. The use of rituximab is not associated with the 6-month outcomes.
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Weatherford, Brian, Andrew Dubina, Raymond A. Pensy, Ebrahim Paryavi i Robert V. O'Toole. "Risk Factors for Wound Failure After Primary Closure of Type IIIA Open Tibia Fractures". Orthopedics, 9.08.2023, 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/01477447-20230804-05.
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The objective of our investigation was to explore risk factors associated with primary closure of type IIIA tibial fractures resulting in subsequent flap coverage. A retrospective study identified 278 patients with acute type IIIA open tibial fractures who underwent primary closure at a single center during an 8-year period. Treatment factors, including the number of debridements before closure, duration of external fixation, and timing of wound closure, were reported. The primary outcome was complication requiring unplanned operation of the study injury resulting in flap coverage. Fifty-five (20%) patients underwent flap coverage following complication after attempted primary closure. Patients who required a flap experienced a 42% complication rate after delayed flap coverage. The limb salvage rate was 95% for the study population. Three significant complication predictors were identified: 3 or more debridements before closure (odds ratio [OR], 29.8; 95% CI, 5.9–150.1; P <.001), wound closure more than 2 days after injury (OR, 9.8; 95% CI, 1.6–60.2; P =.01), and external fixation more than 14 days (OR, 7.3; 95% CI, 1.6–34.6; P =.01). Patients who had 3 or more debridements before closure had a 70.7% chance of having a complication resulting in a flap (29 of 41) compared with only a 6.8% chance of complication for those who had 2 or fewer debridements (14 of 205; P <.001). Risk factors for complication after primary closure of type IIIA open tibial fractures include number of debridements, wound closure after 2 days, and external fixation use for more than 14 days. Wounds requiring 3 or more debridements failed 70.7% after closure, suggesting alternative approaches should be considered in more severe cases. [ Orthopedics . 202x;4x(x):xx–xx.]
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Lemke, Laura, Regina Carlson, Thomas Flegel, Andrea Volk, Holger Andreas Volk, Andrea Tipold i Jasmin Nicole Nessler. "Interleukin-31 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with syringomyelia". BMC Veterinary Research 19, nr 1 (23.11.2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03817-8.
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Abstract Background Syringomyelia is a spinal cord cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-like fluid. If syringomyelia asymmetrically involves the dorsal horn grey matter of the spinal cord, affected dogs show increased signs of dysesthesia and neuropathic pain, like increased itching behaviour. In the dorsal horn, amongst others, receptors for Interleukin-31 (IL-31) can be found. IL-31 is one of the main cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of pruritus in atopic dermatitis in different species. This study investigates suspected elevated levels of IL-31 in serum and CSF of dogs showing signs of pain or increased itching behaviour related to syringomyelia. The IL-31 were measured in archived samples (52 serum and 35 CSF samples) of dogs with syringomyelia (n = 48), atopic dermatitis (n = 3) and of healthy control dogs (n = 11) using a competitive canine IL-31 ELISA. Results Mean serum IL-31 level in dogs with syringomyelia was 150.1 pg/ml (n = 39), in dogs with atopic dermatitis 228.3 pg/ml (n = 3) and in healthy dogs 80.7 pg/ml (n = 10). Mean CSF IL-31 value was 146.3 pg/ml (n = 27) in dogs with syringomyelia and 186.2 pg/ml (n = 8) in healthy dogs. Individual patients with syringomyelia (especially dogs with otitis media or otitis media and interna or intervertebral disc herniation) showed high IL-31 levels in serum and CSF samples, but the difference was not statistically significant. IL-31 serum and CSF levels did not differ significantly in dogs with syringomyelia with or without itching behaviour and with or without signs of pain. Conclusion Based on this study, increased IL-31 levels seem not to be correlated with itching behaviour or signs of pain in dogs with syringomyelia, but might be caused by other underlying diseases.
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Riyono, A., D. Tinduh, Z. Othman i L. Herawati. "Moderate intensity continuous and interval training affect visceral fat and insulin resistance model in female rat exposed high calorie diet". Comparative Exercise Physiology, 3.11.2022, 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/cep220013.
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Chronic high-calorie diet (HCD) combined with physical inactivity promotes obesity and insulin resistance (IR). This study aimed to analyse the comparable effect of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) on visceral fat weight and IR in subjects exposed to HCD. This randomised post-test research used only a control group design with female rats (Wistar norvegicus), 8 weeks old and 100-200 g of bodyweight. They were randomly divided into four groups: standard diet group (C), HCD group (C1), HCD combined with MICT group (C2) and HCD combined with MIIT group (C3). Each group consisted of six rats. HCD consisted of ad libitum standard diet plus dextrose solution by oral gavage for 4 weeks. The MICT was conducted by swimming plus 6% load of body weight for 10 min in the first week, for 20 min in the second week and 30 min in the third and fourth week. The MIIT was conducted by swimming in a ratio between swimming and rest time at 2:1 plus 6% load of BW, performed 5×/week for 4 weeks, and increased progressively. The mean body weight pre-intervention was 152.79±13.280 g and 150.12±9.195 g post-intervention (P=0.115). The mean fasting blood glucose pre-intervention was 79±8.668 mg/dl, and post-intervention 86.29±12.142 mg/dl (P=0.142). The mean visceral fat weight between C (1.94±0.66 g), C1 (1.45±0.47 g), C2 (1.41±0.44 g), and C3 (1.22±0.59 g) was not significant (P=0.179). The mean triglyceride level for C (173.33±30.30 mg/dl), C1 (157.16±47.32 mg/dl), C2 (112.83±25.49 mg/dl), and C3 (80.33±23.47 mg/dl) was significant (P=0.000). The mean IR model for C (4.796±0.070), C1 (4.728±0.125), C2 (4.620±0.123), C3 (4.360±0.143) was significant (P=0.000). In conclusion, both MICT and MIIT have an effect to improve IR and TG. The MIIT was more effective to improve IR compared to MICT in the female rats exposed to an HCD.
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Mehal, Wajahat, Evangelos Dioletis, Ricardo Paiva, Eric Secor, Theresa Weiss, Maxine Fields, Xinshou Ouyang i Ather Ali. "Reduction in Serum Cholesterol in Subjects Consuming the Fermented Soy Beverage Q-CAN® Plus (P06-118-19)". Current Developments in Nutrition 3, Supplement_1 (1.06.2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzz031.p06-118-19.
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Abstract Objectives In this study we want to investigate the effects of Q-CAN® Plus, the nutritional fermented soy drink on the serum lipid profile of lean and obese individuals. Methods Prospective study comprised of lean (10) and obese (10) individuals without a known diagnosis. 11 clinic visits over 14 weeks. Visits 1, 2 and 3 occurred prior to treatment. 237 ml of soy was dispensed at visit 3 and was consumed twice daily for 4 weeks until visit 7 (weeks 1–4). Visits 8, 9, 10 and 11 were post treatment. Blood was collected during visits 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10,11. Serum from blood samples were subjected to quantification of lipid parameters including: Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol, at a clinical chemistry lab (Yale New Haven Health, Yale University, CT, USA). The results were obtained and statistical analysis was performed employing paired t-test and one-way ANOVA (significance of p < 0.05). Data analysis was conducted for the three therapeutic phases of pretreatment, during treatment and post treatment. Results Obese and lean subjects had a significant decrease in total cholesterol levels during intake of as compared to pre-treatment (mean obese mg/dl, pre = 162.7, on = 150.1, P < 0.0048; lean, pre = 167, on = 151.5 P < 0.0260) and LDL cholesterol (mean obese, pre = 105.4, on = 88.4 P < 0.0304; mean lean pre = 102.7 on = 80.3 P < 0.0059). Post treatment total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol values trended towards baseline. No significant changes were observed in HDL and triglyceride. We also compared the percentage change in lipid parameters using pre-treatment as a reference. Q-CAN® Plus consumption in obese subjects resulted in a 16% reduction in LDL, and a 7% reduction in total cholesterol levels, while in lean it resulted in a 7% decrease in LDL and 9% reduction in total cholesterol levels (P, ).05). The percentage change post-treatment was not significant. Conclusions Q-CAN® Plus had hypolipidemic effect in obese and lean individuals, specifically on total and LDL cholesterol. These preliminary observations are promising for the dietary benefits of Q-CAN® Plus with respect to reducing the risks from cardiovascular diseases. Future studies need to confirm this effect, particularly in subjects with dyslipidemia. Funding Sources Beso Biological Research, Inc.