Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "World Values Survey"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "World Values Survey"
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Alemán, José, e Dwayne Woods. "Value Orientations From the World Values Survey". Comparative Political Studies 49, n. 8 (20 agosto 2015): 1039–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414015600458.
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Fomicheva, T. V. "To the Operationalization of the Concept of “Sociocultural Values” in the Framework of the World Values Survey Project". Social’naya politika i sociologiya 19, n. 1 (31 marzo 2020): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17922/2071-3665-2020-19-1-123-131.
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Homocianu, Daniel. "Life Satisfaction: Insights from the World Values Survey". Societies 14, n. 7 (15 luglio 2024): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc14070119.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper explores enduring influences on life satisfaction using empirical analysis of World Values Survey (WVS) data (four versions of the most comprehensive dataset, namely 1.6, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0). Five significant values emerged—financial satisfaction, happiness, freedom of choice, health, and democracy. Through rigorous selection processes and various statistical techniques, a subset of three determinants resulted, along with consecrated socio-demographic variables such as age, gender, marital status, social class, and settlement size. Advanced methodologies such as feature selection, random and non-random cross-validations, overfitting removal, collinearity and reverse causality checks, and different regressions served to evaluate and validate robust models. Nomograms helped to predict life satisfaction probabilities. The findings contribute to understanding life satisfaction dynamics and offer practical insights for future research and policy.
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Noymer, Andrew, e Rennie Lee. "Immigrant Health Around the World: Evidence from the World Values Survey". Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health 15, n. 3 (19 maggio 2012): 614–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10903-012-9637-z.
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Wang, Peng, Jong-Wook Kwon e Yong-Feng Zhang. "Regional Values Differences Within Latin America: Evidence from The World Values Survey". Korea International Trade Research Institute 16, n. 6 (31 dicembre 2020): 63–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.16980/jitc.16.6.202012.63.
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Feldmann, Horst. "Who Favors Education? Insights from the World Values Survey". Comparative Sociology 19, n. 4-5 (16 novembre 2020): 509–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691330-bja10018.
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Abstract Using World Values Survey data from 55 countries, this article provides detailed insights into the characteristics of people who place a high value on education – and into the characteristics of those who don’t. It finds that attitudes toward education vary across the following characteristics: educational attainment, income, social class, political position, postmaterialist values, religion, sex, age, ethnicity, marital status, number of children, family values and employment status. Countries’ average GDP per capita affects people’s views of education too. Whereas some results are in line with theoretical expectations and previous empirical research, others are surprising.
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Warter, Iulian, e Liviu Warter. "Culture and Tolerance in Romania. Evidence from World Values Survey". Journal of Intercultural Management and Ethics 3, n. 4 (8 dicembre 2020): 87–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.35478/jime.2020.4.08.
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Warter, Liviu, e Iulian Warter. "Culture and Science in Romania. Evidence from World Values Survey". Journal of Intercultural Management and Ethics 3, n. 3 (30 settembre 2020): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.35478/jime.2020.3.07.
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Matei, Mirabela-Constanţa, e Maria-Madela Abrudan. "Are National Cultures Changing? Evidence from the World Values Survey". Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 238 (2018): 657–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2018.04.047.
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Fomichyov, Tat’yana V. "Sociocultural Values of Russians: Development Dynamics (Based on Data from World Values Survey Studies)". Level of Life of the Population of the Regions of Russia 16, n. 2 (2020): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/lsprr/2020.16.2.8.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Object of the Study is the sociocultural values of the Russians. The Subject of the Study is the dynamics of sociocultural values of Russians based on data from international cross-cultural studies in 1990 - 2011. The Purpose of the Study is to interpret theoretically and empirically the notion of sociocultural values of Russians on the basis of World Values Survey data, to identify the transformation processes (dynamics) of sociocultural values of Russians. The Main Provisions of the Article. The theoretical side of the subject of study: a description of the vector of the dynamics of sociocultural values of Russians. The empirical side of the subject of study: revealing the empirical trajectory of the dynamics of sociocultural values of Russians. The article provides a theoretical overview of the sociological source base of the concept of "sociocultural values of Russians" in different perspectives (in the materials of Russian and foreign authors). The information base of the research is quite variable and is represented by various sources (abstracts of dissertations, monographs, articles, etc.). The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are the concepts of R. Inglhart and A.Maslow. The main method of obtaining empirical information in the study is the secondary analysis of documents (analysis of data from the World Values Survey project). The main results of the work. «Pioneering» works related to the topic of transformation of socio-cultural values have been identified. The author defines the term «sociocultural values». Theoretical interpretation and operationalization of the concept of "sociocultural values" have been made. The concept of operationalization of the concept of «sociocultural values of Russians» is presented. The dominant and least popular sociocultural values of the Russians during the studied period are revealed. The trajectory of the value priorities of the Russians has been formed. The conclusion is made about the Russians' commitment to traditional values in the context of permanently occurring transformation processes. Scope of the research results: formation of the concept of transformation of socio-cultural values of Russians; to innovate training courses in the discipline «Sociology of Culture».
Tesi sul tema "World Values Survey"
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Itashiki, Michael Robert. "Explaining “Everyday Crime”: A Test of Anomie and Relative Deprivation Theory". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103334/.
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Every day, individuals commit acts which are considered immoral, unethical, even criminal, often to gain material advantage. Many people consider cheating on taxes, cheating on tests, claiming false benefits, or avoiding transport fare to be wrong, but they do them anyway. While some of these acts may not be formally illegal, they are, at best, considered morally dubious and is labeled “everyday crime.” Anomie theory holds that individuals make decisions based on socialized values, which separately may be contradictory but together, balances each other out, producing behavior considered “normal” by society. When one holds an imbalanced set of values, decisions made on that set may produce deviant behavior, such as everyday crime. RD theory holds that individuals who perceive their own deprivation, relative to someone else, will feel frustration and injustice, and may attempt to ameliorate that feeling with deviant behavior. Data from the 2006 World Values Survey were analyzed using logistic regression, testing both constructs concurrently. An individual was 1.55 times more likely to justify everyday crime for each calculated unit of anomie; and 1.10 times more likely for each calculated unit of RD. It was concluded from this study that anomie and relative deprivation were both associated with the tendency towards everyday crime.
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Hebersteinová, Ilona. "Národně-kulturní porovnání generací X a Y v ČR a vliv na marketingový mix". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-262371.
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The aim of this work is to provide a theoretical overview of research studies on cultural differences and their critical evaluation. The quantitative research on national and cultural comparison of generations X and Y in the Czech Republic will be implemented on the basis of a reduced questionnaire used in the research of European Values Survey in 2008. The data analysis will focus both on the current research and creating a time series of selected variables, using the results of previous research within European Values Survey. The starting point for comparing the behaviour of Generation X and Generation Y will be the national-cultural model of World Values Survey, and the results will be applied to marketing mix. The conclusion provides an overview and evaluation of the particular generations in terms of cultural performance as well as of marketing.
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Nickens, Bradley Harrison. "Postmaterialism and Democracy: What Does the Postmaterialist Value Shift Mean for Democracy?" Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9913.
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This thesis explores the possible impact of a postmaterialist value shift on the future of democracy in advanced industrial democratic countries.
Research over the past few decades has questioned the responsiveness of representative democratic institutions in advanced industrial democracies to individual and communal needs in society. Radical democratic theorists have called for direct action, structural reform, and other social and political changes to make democracy "stronger." Increased education levels brought on by continued economic and physical security in advanced industrial societies has led to a change in the ability of citizens to access the political process. How the relationship between the citizen and the state is altered as a result of continued prosperity is a primary motivation for this research.
Working with World Values Survey data, I examine individual and societal level relationships between postmaterial values and direct political participation and acceptance of participatory values. Empirical evidence supports the hypotheses that postmaterial values are positively associated with direct political participation and as the level of Postmaterialists increases in a given society the level of participatory behavior and acceptance of participatory values will also increase. Substantive analysis suggests that increase in the level of postmaterialism in a country will lead to increases in alternative political activity and other forms of direct participation.Master of Arts
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Engelbrektsson, Louise. ""Min röst spelar ju inte så stor roll" : Svenska ungdomars förhållande till demokratin". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-402718.
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This study examines young Swedes’ support for democracy. Previous research suggests that many young people in Sweden are sceptical about the democratic governance as well as with democracy itself. However, there is a lack of qualitative studies within the subject - leaving the research field consisting of limited questionnaires. For a broader understanding, the study aims to go into depth with a qualitative semi-structured interview design. By applying the theory of postmaterialism carried out by Robert Inglehart, it is possible to gain an understanding of Sweden’s youth and their value orientation which might influence the support for democracy. The interviews were conducted with eight upper secondary school students at the Rudbeck school in Sollentuna, thereafter transcribed and thematically analyzed. The results are systematically divided into several categories, revolving around democracy as a state of governance and its principles, political participation and the functioning of democracy. The study finds that there is a discrepancy in supporting democracy in principle and instrumentally, among the participants. While there is a strong support for democracy as a form of governance as well as democratic principles, there is also criticism towards the government, the efficiency of the system, its availability and political institutions. The results are discussed and understood from a post-materialistic perspective, deepen our understanding of young individuals relationship with democracy.
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Andersson, Gustaf, e Nora Lindvall. "Trust and Turnout : An Empirical Study of South African Voters". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statistiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-352688.
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Scholars have proposed the idea that trust influences individuals’ choice to vote or abstain. However, there is uncertainty about the composition of trust and its effect on voter turnout. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between interpersonal and institutional trust and voter turnout in South Africa. Examining presently unused data for South Africa from the World Values Survey 2006 through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, the argument is advanced that trust is a multidimensional concept that may be modelled by multivariate measurements. A logistic factor score regression model shows that a one-unit increase of trust in public institutions on average increases the odds of voting by 9 % whereas trust in private institutions and interpersonal trust have no significant effects. The results imply that trust- strengthening actions may be of interest to South African public institutions to increase electoral participation and legitimise election outcomes.
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Nardy, André. "Uma contribuição ao estudo da relação entre cultura e racionalidade sob a ótica das atitudes e comportamentos econômicos e financeiros: estudo empírico utilizando a Pesquisa Mundial de Valores para o Brasil (Onda 6, 2014)". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21352.
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The objective of this work is to contribute to the discussion of culture as an independent variable in Finance. The relationship between economic and financial attitudes and conceptual models of culture is analyzed; so as the relationship between financial behaviors of saving and borrowing and conceptual models of culture, from the Brazilian sample of the World Values Survey in its last available wave (2014). Individuals are considered as social agents and their context is considered in this analysis. The models of culture tested are based on the literature of anthropology, sociology, psychology, finance and economics: Religious denomination, Religious practices, Practices and denominations, Religious values and denominations, Schwartz personal values scale and Capitalist Culture and Hierarchism. Binary logistic regression is used as the main analysis tool. There is evidence of a Protestant ethic for attitude toward work and wealth generation for the individuals of this denomination, in different models, even in a historically Catholic society such as Brazil. The same is not true for evangelicals. Social capital, in its dimensions of trust in group, network connectivity and cooperation also present statistical significance in the lastly mentioned model. Hierarchism presents little evidence of contributing to the understanding of attitudes and behaviors analyzed
O objetivo do presente trabalho é contribuir para a discussão da cultura como variável independente em estudos de Finanças. Analisa-se a relação entre atitudes econômicas e financeiras e modelos conceituais de cultura; e entre comportamentos financeiros de economizar e tomar emprestado e modelos conceituais de cultura, a partir da amostra brasileira da Pesquisa Mundial de Valores em sua última onda disponível (2014). Considera-se os indivíduos como agentes sociais e seu contexto para esta análise. Os modelos de cultura testados baseiam-se na literatura de antropologia, sociologia, psicologia, finanças e economia: Denominação religiosa, Práticas religiosas, Práticas e denominações religiosas, Valores e denominações religiosas, Escala de valores pessoais de Schwartz e Cultura Capitalista e Hierarquismo. Emprega-se regressão logística binária como principal ferramenta de análise. Verifica-se indícios de uma ética protestante para a atitude perante trabalho e geração de riqueza para os indivíduos desta denominação, em diferentes modelos, mesmo em sociedade historicamente católica como a brasileira. O mesmo não se verifica para evangélicos. Capital social, em suas dimensões de confiança in group, conectividade em rede e cooperação também apresentam significância estatística no último modelo citado. Hierarquismo apresenta poucos indícios de contribuir para o entendimento das atitudes e comportamentos analisados
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Nilsson, Conny. "Postmoderna värderingar. Problem eller möjligheter?" Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-23478.
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Abstract Syfte:Att med resultat baserade på World Value Surveys undersökningar, studera de postmoderna värderingarnas betydelse för befolkningars aggregerade beteenden och dess eventuella konsekvenser för politiken. Inledningsvis redogörs för problematiken kring postmoderna värderingar från ett politiskt-teoretiskt perspektiv. Därefter genomförs en teoriprövning med hjälp av regressionsanalyser för att se i hur hög grad värderingar samvarierar med utvalda beteendemönster, vilka kan tänkas vara signifikanta för befolkningar med postmoderna värderingar. Frågeställningar:Finns samband mellan graden av postmoderna värderingar befolkningar har, och följande fyra beteendemönster? 1. Hushållsskuld i förhållande till inkomst. 2. Andel enpersonshushåll. 3. Antal skönhetsoperationer. 4. Påverkan på miljön i form av globalt fotavtryck. Finns eventuella samband kvar med kontroll för BNP/Capita? Resultat:Studien visar förhållandevis höga korrelationsgrader mellan värderingar och flera beteendemönster. Med kontroll för varandra, har dock BNP/Capita ofta en högre korrelationsgrad. Ingenting tyder på att befolkningar med postmoderna värderingar tar en större praktisk hänsyn till miljön än andra länders befolkningar, även med kontroll för BNP/Capita.
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Corkin, Lucy Jane. "A decade of democracy : comparing trends in support for democracy in South Africa and Brazil since democratic transition". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16271.
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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Brazil and South Africa were both part of the global “third-wave” of democracy, the beginnings of their democratic transitions occurring in 1985 and 1994 respectively. Despite having been formerly subjected to decades of authoritarian rule, both countries experienced a modicum of democratic practice, however limited in franchise, under the previous regimes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the levels of support for democracy in Brazil and South Africa since democratic transition. Two types of political support are identified as crucial for democratic sustainability: diffuse support, or support for democracy’s intrinsic principles, and specific support, support which is conditional on the positive evaluation of the regime institutions and incumbents. These two types of political support are conceptualized as encompassing five levels or objects of political support, according to the Norris model: the political community, regime principles, regime performance (diffuse support), regime institutions and political actors (specific support). This study proposes that because vestiges of democratic norms and practices have been present within these countries’ political systems for some time, it is possible that they will manifest trends in support similar to much older, more established democracies. These global trends indicate that diffuse support for democracy is being maintained while specific support for democracy is waning. A longitudinal quantitative study was conducted, using consecutive waves of World Values Survey to operationalize support for democracy in terms of the five abovementioned political objects and the results of South Africa and Brazil compared. These results show that both case studies could be interpreted as having fairly high levels of diffuse support and decreasing levels of specific support for democracy. It is however acknowledged that results are not conclusive and further research is required, especially with respect to how respondents conceptualize the term ‘democracy’.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Brasilië en Suid-Afrika was albei deel van die globale “derde golf” van demokrasie, met die aanvang van hulle oorgang na demokrasie onderskeidelik in 1985 en 1994. Ten spyte daarvan dat hierdie twee lande voormalig aan dekades van outoritêre gesag onderwerp is, het albei, hoewel beperk in stemreg, ’n mate van demokratiese praktyk onder ’n vorige bestel ervaar. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die steunvlakke vir demokrasie in Brasilië en Suid- Afrika sedert hulle oorgang na demokrasie te ondersoek. Twee soorte politieke steun word geïdentifiseer as deurslaggewend vir demokratiese volhoubaarheid: verspreide steun – of steun vir die intrinsieke beginsels van demokrasie – en spesifieke steun – steun wat van die positiewe evaluering van die regime se instellings en ampsbekleders afhang. Hierdie twee soorte politieke steun word deur vyf konsepte voorgestel wat die vyf vlakke of voorwerpe van politieke steun volgens die Norris-model dek: die politieke gemeenskap, regimebeginsels, regimeprestasie (verspreide steun), regime-instellings en politieke akteurs (spesifieke steun). Hierdie studie stel voor dat, aangesien spore van demokratiese norme en praktyke vir ’n geruime tyd binne hierdie lande se politieke stelsels teenwoordig was, dit moontlik is dat hulle steuntendense sal toon wat aan baie ouer, meer gevestigde demokrasieë soortgelyk is. Hierdie globale tendense toon dat verspreide steun vir demokrasie gehandhaaf word terwyl spesifieke steun vir demokrasie aan die kwyn is. ’n Longitudinale kwantitatiewe studie is onderneem wat van opeenvolgende siklusse van die “World Values Survey” gebruik maak om steun vir demokrasie in terme van die vyf bogenoemde politieke voorwerpe uit te beeld. Die resultate van Suid-Afrika en Brasilië is daarna vergelyk. Uit hierdie resultate sou afgelei kon word dat redelik hoë vlakke van verspreide steun en dalende vlakke van spesifieke steun vir demokrasie in beide gevalle voorkom. Daar word egter erken dat resultate nie beslissend is nie en dat verdere navorsing nodig is, in besonder met betrekking tot respondente se begrip van die term ‘demokrasie’.
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Jonasson, Jessica. "Tradition och överlevnadsvärdens resa genom tiden? : Ett kvantitativt arbete som jämför tradition och överlevnad över tid". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-152308.
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Det här arbetets syfte är att undersöka hur ett urval länder placerar och förändrar sigöver tid sett till överlevnads och traditionsdimensionen som presenteras av Inglehart& Baker. Detta sker genom en kvantitativ metod och mer specifikt en sekundäranalysav material sammanställt av World Value Survey. Till detta kommer en kopplinggöras till modernitet och postmodernitet. Resultatet visar att det är en tämligen jämnfördelning mellan länderna hur de placerar sig på traditions kontra den sekulärrationella skalan. De sker desto fler förändringar när man ser till överlevnads kontrasjälvförverkligande.
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Sylla, Daouda. "Essays on Culture, Economic Outcome and Wellbeing". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31202.
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Chapter 1: The Impact of Culture on the Second-Generation Immigrants’ Level of Trust in Canada
Trust is one of the main elements of social capital; it determines the extent to which an individual cooperates with others. In this chapter, I assess whether cultural factors influence the level of trust in the population of second-generation immigrants in Canada. This paper is related to two strands of empirical literature. The first analyses the determinants of trust and the second studies the cultural transmission of values, attitudes and beliefs. I follow closely the literature on the cultural transmission and use an epidemiological approach to assess whether trust of second-generation immigrants is affected by their cultural heritage. This approach consists of comparing information about the outcomes of second-generation immigrants with that of the country of origin of their ancestry. We apply this approach using the Ethnic Diversity Survey (EDS), the World Value Survey (WVS) and the European Value Survey (EVS). Estimation results show that the average level of trust in the countries of origin of the ancestors of the second-generation immigrants has a strong significant impact on their level of trust. Thus, individual whose country of ancestry displays a high level of trust, tend to have a high level of trust. This provides evidence that individuals’ level of trust is not only explained by their personal experiences, characteristics, and the environment in which they live; but also by the culture in their country of ancestry. This means that culture does matter! I find that the results remain robust even if certain key countries are omitted or a different data set is used.
Chapter 2: Decomposing Health Achievement and Socioeconomic Health Inequalities in Presence of Multiple Categorical Information
This chapter presents a decomposition of the health achievement and the socioeconomic health inequality indices by multiple categorical variables and by regions. I adopt Makdissi and Yazbeck's (2014) counting approach to deal with the ordinal nature of the data of the United States National Health Interview Survey 2010. The findings suggest that the attributes that contribute the most to the deviation from perfect health in the United States are: anxiety, depression and exhaustion. Also, I find that the attributes that contribute the most to the total socioeconomic health inequality are ambulation, depression and pain. The regional decomposition results suggest that, if the aversion to socioeconomic health inequality is high enough, socioeconomic health inequalities between regions are the main contributors to the total socioeconomic health inequality in the United States. Chapter 3: Accounting for Freedom and Economic Resources in the Assessment of Changes in Women Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa
This chapter assesses the importance of freedom in women’s wellbeing in twelve Sub-Saharan Africa countries by using data from Demographic Health Surveys. This paper presents a poverty comparison by using the stochastic dominance approach and relies on the economic resources and freedom as the two aspects of wellbeing which evokes the multidimensionality of poverty. This study is related to the following three pieces of literature: the sequential stochastic dominance, the multidimensional poverty, the Sen’s capability approach which is based on freedom. This paper is built on Makdissi et al. (2014) but differs from it in a number of respects. First, it focuses on poverty instead of welfare. Secondly, it applies the Shapley decomposition to determine the contributions of the economic resource distribution and the incidence of the threat of domestic violence to poverty changes over time. Consistent with previous work on the importance of freedom, I find that more freedom, i.e. less threat of domestic violence, affects women’s wellbeing positively since it decreases women’s poverty. The results indicate that women’s wellbeing has improved in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Rwanda, Senegal, and Zimbabwe and deteriorated in Ethiopia, Nigeria and Tanzania.
Libri sul tema "World Values Survey"
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Ronald, Inglehart, a cura di. World values survey, 1981-1983. 2a ed. Ann Arbor, Mich: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, 1990.
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Ronald, Inglehart, a cura di. Islam, gender, culture, and democracy: Findings from the World Values Survey and the European Values Survey. Willowdale, ON: De Sitter Publications, 2003.
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Nihonjin no kangaekata, sekai no hito no kangaekata: Sekai kachikan chōsa kara mieru mono. Tōkyō: Keisō Shobō, 2016.
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What makes us different and similar: A new interpretation of the World Values Survey and other cross-cultural data. Sofia: Klasika i Stil Publishing House, 2007.
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Miguel, Basáñez, e Menéndez Moreno Alejandro, a cura di. Human values and beliefs: A cross-cultural sourcebook : political, religious, sexual, and economic norms in 43 societies ; findings from the 1990-1993 world value survey. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1998.
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Hussien, Shaimaa. Determinants of happiness and life satisfaction in Egypt: An empirical study using the world values survey, Egypt, 2008. Cairo: The Egyptian Cabinet, Information and Decision Support Center, Economic Issues Program, 2009.
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Hester, Edward, Michael A. Deneen e Sean T. Socha. World valves. Cleveland: Freedonia Group, 1999.
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Hester, Edward, Michael A. Deneen e Matt Zielenski. World valves. Cleveland, Ohio: Freedonia Group, 2001.
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Inglehart, Ronald. Human values and social change: Findings from the values surveys. Leiden: Brill, 2003.
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Changing human beliefs and values, 1981-2007: A cross-cultural sourcebook based on the world values surveys and European values studies. México, D.F: Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 2010.
Cerca il testo completoCapitoli di libri sul tema "World Values Survey"
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Carlson, Jon D. "Generational Analysis in IR Meets the World Values Survey". In Theory and Application of the "Generation" in International Relations and Politics, 203–28. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137011565_9.
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Melchiori, Kala J., Robyn K. Mallett, Aaron N. Durnbaugh e Hanh D. Pham. "Material Values, Goals, and Water Use: Results from a Campus Residence Hall Survey". In World Sustainability Series, 273–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26866-8_17.
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Tausch, Arno. "Die Rückkehr des religiösen Antisemitismus? Die Ergebnisse der World Values Survey". In Antisemitismus, Terrorismus und politischer Islam, 173–232. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-44097-8_8.
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Linggi, Dominik. "Kritische Betrachtung der Befunde des World Values Survey zu Vertrauen in China". In Vertrauen in China, 73–99. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-92916-3_6.
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Solomon, Hussein, e Arno Tausch. "The Return of Religious Anti-Semitism? The Evidence from World Values Survey Data". In Islamism, Crisis and Democratization, 121–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22849-1_6.
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Tessler, Mark. "Do Islamic Orientations Influence Attitudes toward Democracy in the Arab World? Evidence from the World Values Survey in Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, and Algeria". In Values and Perceptions of the Islamic and Middle Eastern Publics, 105–25. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230603332_5.
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Barrientos Delgado, Jaime, e Joaquín Bahamondes. "Homosexuality Justification and Social Distance: A Cross-Cultural Approach from Latin America Using World Values Survey Data". In Latinx Queer Psychology, 127–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82250-7_8.
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Chen, Lisheng. "A Genealogical Survey of the Values and Practices of Confucian Courage from Ancient China to the Contemporary World". In Reconceptualizing Confucian Philosophy in the 21st Century, 391–411. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4000-9_28.
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Solomon, Hussein, e Arno Tausch. "“The Age of Ignorance” and the Civic Culture of Democracy: A Multivariate Analysis Based on World Values Survey Data". In Islamism, Crisis and Democratization, 23–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22849-1_3.
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Tausch, Arno. "The Scientific Background to Our Own Empirical Study". In Political Islam and Religiously Motivated Political Extremism, 19–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24854-2_3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractIn this chapter, we amply debate the contributions on “political Islam” in the leading peer-reviewed journals of social science. We discuss contributions by Francois Burgat, but also Jocelyne Cesari, John Esposito, Gilles Kepel and Oliver Roy clearly outline which important value patterns the adherents of political Islam represent (five items from the Arab Barometer) and which political movements and governments of countries are to be assigned to the extension of the phenomenon. Of special importance is the study by Harvard Professor Melanie Cammett (Cammett et al., 2020), which deals explicitly with political Islam and political values in the Arab world using data from the Arab Barometer. The empirical analyses of Cammett et al. (2020), use longitudinal data from the Arab Barometer as well as data from the World Values Survey 2015. We also debate the contributions by such authors as Fox et al. (2016), Achilov (2016); as well as empirical contributions by Driessen (2018), Kucinskas and Van Der Does (2017); a highly interesting Iranian paper, authored by Rahbarqazi and Mahmoudoghli (2020); and the Tessler (2010), study. All these studies were very valuable in the formation of our own empirical research.
Atti di convegni sul tema "World Values Survey"
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Jiang, Fei, e Wenling Zhang. "Chinese Youth's Moral Values: Characteristics and Educational Enlightenment—Based on the Data Analysis of World Values Survey". In Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Pedagogy, Communication and Sociology (ICPCS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icpcs-19.2019.34.
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Nazeer, FS, T. Ramachandra e S. Gunatilake. "Sustainable facilities management practice and its perception in health care organisations: A Delphi survey". In 10th World Construction Symposium. Building Economics and Management Research Unit (BEMRU), University of Moratuwa, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2022.65.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Health Care (HC) is one of the most polluting industries and recognised as the second energy-intensive sector. Integrating sustainability into Facilities Management (FM) is imperative and could significantly contribute to reduce energy consumption, waste and day-to-day operational costs. However, operations of FM vary upon facility types, business sector, organisation characteristics, cultural context and organisational scale. Thus, this study examines the current practice of sustainable FM and its perceptions in HC organisations in Sri Lanka. A Delphi survey was administered to 10 experts in two rounds, who are specialised in FM practices in the HC organisations. A semi structured questionnaire was deployed and collected qualitative data were analysed using content analysis whilst quantitative data were analysed through mode, mean and quartile ranges to reach consensus. With respective to FM practice in HC it was found that 8 out of 10 organisations had no separate departments for FM to conduct FM practices. The functions were collectively carried out among departments namely; engineering, quality assurance and housekeeping. Operations delays incur additional costs and disputes were reported constantly. Also, building services was found to be the topmost FM service practiced. Integration of sustainability is at a moderate level and FM practitioners face higher level of constraints of which “high costs” obtained the highest rank. The study is novel in offering the state of the art of FM practice in HC organisations and adds values and provides recommendations for further research to maximise the contribution of FM towards sustainable practice. It thus directs FM practitioners to support the future enhancement of HCFM.
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"Justification of Parental Violence – A Cross country analysis Evidences from World Values Survey- Variances based on Gender, Age and Education". In Visible Conference on Educational Studies and Applied Linguistics. Tishk International University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23918/vesal2023v44.
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"An Empirical Analysis of the Economic Values Variable, ‘Success is by Luck or Hard work’ Variances Based on Gender, Age and Education- Evidence from World Values Survey". In International Conference on Accounting, Business, Economics and Politics. Tishk International University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23918/icabep2022p24.
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Pacsuta, István. "Hallgatók infokommunikációs szokásai értékválasztásuk mentén". In Agria Média 2020 : „Az oktatás digitális átállása korunk pedagógiai forradalma”. Eszterházy Károly Egyetem Líceum Kiadó, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17048/am.2020.199.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Alapvető célunk, hogy számos korábbi vizsgálat adatbázisát felhasználva megalkossunk egy kategóriarendszert, amelynek felhasználásával megismerhető a fiatalok – szűkebben véve a felsőoktatásban részt vevő hallgatók – értékválasztása, annak motivációi. Ehhez elengedhetetlen, hogy a korábbi elemzéseink során kialakított értékrendszerek érvényességét ellenőrizzük. Tervezett előadásunkban arra keressük a választ, hogy a „kapcsolatorientált” hallgatók valóban aktívabbak a közösségi média által kínált lehetőségek kihasználásában, infokommunikációs szokásaik összhangban vannak-e értékválasztásukkal? A kérdőívvel történt adatfelvételek során használt értéksor a World Value Survey (WVS) által használt értékeken, értéksoron alapszik (Inglehart, 2000 és Inglehart – Baker, 2000). A Regionális Egyetem Kutatócsoport 2005-ös és 2010-es kérdőíves lekérdezésen alapuló adatbázisát felhasználva korábban meghatároztuk a hallgatói „értékcsoportokat”, feltártuk a hallgatók értékstruktúráját. A 2016-os Magyar Ifjúságkutatás adataira támaszkodva (A Kutatópont Kft. engedélyével) lehetőségünk nyílik arra, hogy az eddigi eredményeinket, kategóriáinkat összevessük egy jóval nagyobb minta, azaz a Kárpát-medence fiataljainak értékstruktúrájával, az általunk felállított kategóriák érvényességét ellenőrizzük. Az eredményekből kiderül, hogy az értékválasztás során felmért attitűd jellegű választások, vagyis az értékek rangsora milyen mértékben jár együtt az infokommunikációs eszközök használatából következtethető közösségiorientált viselkedéssel. Másként fogalmazva a „kapcsolatorientált” hallgatók mennyivel aktívabbak „anyagias” társaiknál? Nagyobb ívű elméleti vonatkozású vállalásunk, hogy megalkossunk egy, az ifjúságra alkalmazható értékrendszer-kategóriát, amely az ifjúság megváltozott társadalmi körülményei között is alkalmazható. Gyakorlati szempontból az értékrendszerek megfelelő alátámasztottság mellett egyéb társadalmi cselekvések esetén is prediktív funkcióval bírhatnak, vagyis az értékválasztás alapján regisztrálható különbségek a társadalmi élet különböző színterein (oktatás, munka világa, közösségi kapcsolatok) eltérő viselkedéseket vetítenek előre. .----- Students' info communication habits along their value choice ----- Our basic aim is to establish a category system using the database of many previous research, and by using this category system to learn about the value choice, and the motivation behind that value choice of the youth – more narrowly the value choice of students in higher education. To do so, it is essential to check the validity of the value systems established during our previous analysis. In our planned presentation we are looking for the answer whether “relationship-oriented” students are really more active in taking the advantages of the opportunities offered by social media, and whether their infocommunication habits are in line with their value choices. The values used in the survey are based on the values, value- lines applied by the World Value Survey (WVS) (Inglehart 2000 and Inglehart -Baker, 2000). Using the database of the 2005 and 2010 survey of the Regional University’s research team, we determined the „value groups”, and we explored the value structure of the students. Relying on the data from 2016 Hungarian Youth Research (with the permission of Kutatópont Kft.) we have the opportunity to compare our current results and categories against a considerably greater sample, namely against the value structure of the youth of the Carpathian Basin, therefore we can check the validity of the categories we established. The results show the extent to which the attitude-type choices assessed during value-selection, namely the ranking of values, are associated with community-oriented behaviour, that can be concluded from the use of infocommunication tools. In other words, how much more active “relationship-oriented” students are than their “material-oriented” peers. Our broader theoretical commitment is to create one value system category valid for the young which can also be applied in the changed social circumstances of the youth. From a practical point of view, value systems, with adequate support, can have a predictive function in case of other social actions, namely the differences registered in value choice project different behaviours in other spheres of social life (education, world of work, community relations).
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Mandrekar, Jay. "Data driven decision making for survey reduction: case study from neurology research". In Decision Making Based on Data. International Association for Statistical Education, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.19104.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The goal of this research was to develop an abbreviated and statistically robust instrument to assess autonomic symptoms that provides clinically relevant scores of autonomic symptom severity based on the well-established questionnaires. Data from 405 healthy control subjects seen at the Mayo Clinic Autonomic Disorders Center were collected. The length of the questionnaire was reduced from a total of 169 to 31 questions using exploratory factor analysis. Our new simplified scoring algorithm resulted in higher Cronbach alpha values in all domains. This reduced instrument allowed researchers to focus on clinically meaningful variables. Also, a shorter survey instrument was less time consuming and less burdensome for critically ill patients, allowing for capturing accurate responses and limiting missing data. The application of exploratory factor analysis in reduction of dimension reduction in this area of neurology research is novel. This reduced survey instrument is now being used to capture data from various clinical studies around the world.
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Deshani, Sarala, e Niranga Amarasingha. "Modelling the Risk of Pedestrians in Walkways". In The SLIIT International Conference on Engineering and Technology 2022. Faculty of Engineering, SLIIT, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/gdos6613.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Pedestrians engaged crashes were increased day by day in the world. There is a high risk of accidents for pedestrians when crossing the road than walking on the road. To minimize the crash rate on pedestrians it is important to know about the risks faced by pedestrians on the road. This study aimed to report pedestrians’ perceptions of risks while walking and crossing the road. A questionnaire survey was carried out to get the data about pedestrians’ perceptions of risks while walking and crossing the road in Matara district. Data were collected with questions with a five-point scale during August and September 2021 from 225 females and 175 males. The collected data were validated by estimating the Cronbach Alpha values and analyzed using chi-square tests and multinomial logistic regression methods. The results of the study were shown the usage of that technical device while walking on the road is the most reported (66.2%) pedestrian risk in the walkways. Whereas crossing the road without using pedestrian crossings is the most reported risk (73%) during the time of crossing the road. The chisquare test results of the survey were indicated that some of the self-reported risks have a significant association with age and gender. Male pedestrians involved with risky behaviours than female pedestrians because male pedestrians have high observed values than the expected values in the reported risks. Age groups, less than 18 years and 18-30 pedestrians were mostly engaged with risky behaviours on the road. Their observed values in the pedestrian risks especially in using technical devices on the road are higher than the observed values compared to other age groups. When the average walking distance of pedestrians per day is increased, accidents happening on pedestrians is also increased. The results of this study would help infrastructure designers to make safer roads. KEYWORDS: crossing, pedestrians, self-reported risks, walking, age, gender
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Rathnayake, G. C., K. P. S. P. K. Bandara e K. T. Withanage. "The role of quantity surveyors for the success of small-scale construction projects in Sri Lanka". In 10th World Construction Symposium. Building Economics and Management Research Unit (BEMRU), University of Moratuwa, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2022.74.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Several small-scale construction projects are being implemented around the country being a part of development process in Sri Lanka. Most of the Quantity Surveying related areas has become major problem making subjects in those projects and there is lack of involvement of the Quantity Surveyors in those projects when comparing with other professionals in the industry. This research was conducted to highlight the importance of involvement of Quantity Surveyors for success of such projects in Sri Lankan construction industry. Mixed-method approach was used in this research. Most important Quantity Surveying roles that directly impact for the success of small-scale construction projects were determined and categorized under the different stages of construction projects by using semi-structured interviews and questionnaire survey as primary data collection methods. These data were analyzed by using Correlation analysis and Relative Importance Index (RII) analysis as statistical analysis methods. Identified Quantity Surveying roles were ranked based on the impact on the success of those small-scale projects using RII values. Further Correlation analysis was performed to show the relationship between Quantity Surveyor’s involvement and success of smallscale construction projects. Barriers for satisfactory involvement of Quantity Surveyors in small-scale construction projects and strategies to increase the involvement of Quantity Surveyors were identified by analyzing data from semi-structured interviews using manual content analysis. Among those barriers most of the interviewees stated that obtaining the service from non-professionals at lower cost was the major barrier and introducing service packages to the client in early stages of project was considered as the main strategy to increase the Quantity Surveyor’s involvement to small-scale construction projects. However, the research was concluded that the involvement of client and contractor Quantity Surveyors to the pre-construction and post-construction phases are critical to the success of small-scale construction projects in Sri Lanka.
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Petersone, Mara, Ingars Erins e Karlis Ketners. "Is Latvia Ready For The Value-Based Healthcare Era?" In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002130.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Value Based Health Care (VBHC) has recently become the leading conceptual approach to health care in the world, but no value-based healthcare programme has yet been established in Latvia. Despite the critical interest in the implementation of VBHC programmes on the part of the health sector stakeholders, still the key persons in VBHC programmes are physicians. Goal of research: To clarify the views of physicians and young physicians on values-based health care fundamental principles and their vision for their further inclusion in Latvian health care. Method: The research uses data from a survey conducted among physicians and young physicians who practice at Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital.Results: 42% of physicians responded that patient surveys on the effectiveness of treatment for certain groups of patients could help to improve the results of treatment; 51% of physicians responded that patient surveys on their experience during treatment can help to improve their treatment results; much more cautious were physicians regarding the question whether comparing the results of treatment between physicians teams/hospitals could help to improve the results – 39% replied ‘Yes’ and 24% ‘Rather yes than no’; similarly cautious was the reply to the question whether the voluntary public availability of treatment results from a medical treatment facility could have a positive impact on the visibility of the service provider – 31% replied ‘Yes’ and 25% ‘Rather yes’; the convincing 82% of replies were to the question whether an exchange of experience and knowledge in the team of physicians helps to improve the results of treatment; the convincing majority of 86% of physicians believe that a multidisciplinary team of physicians can help improve the results of treatment; as a positive response, can be considered that 63% of respondents think that reforms in health care may be initiated not only by the Ministry of Health. The most interesting answer would be to the question of what management strategies should be developed in the healthcare system, where the first place, with 349 points, was taken by the answer “Cooperation with external partners (manufacturers, scientific centres, insurers, IT and other service providers)”.Conclusions: The results of the survey show that the application of VBHC principles will not contradict to views of physicians on traditional management models in health care and their role in it.Proposals: However, prior to starting the introduction of VBHC programmes in Latvian health care, there are grounds for launching discussions on the benefits of VBHC compared to the traditional management model. Policy recommendations: For hospital management and health sector supervisors to avoid resistance of physicians to implementing VBHC, the strategy should focus not on VBHC resource-efficient programmes but on patient-centred healthcare.
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Chinnici, Gaetano, Carla Zarba, Donatella Privitera, Agata Matarazzo e Alessandro Scuderi. "FOOD ATTRIBUTES OF FORTIFIED FOODS: AN ANALYSIS OF CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOUR". In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/6.2/s25.28.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The issue of food security, in the face of threats as resource scarcity, climate change, population growth, pollution etc confronts the agri-food systems all over the world with the challenge of pursuing resilience and sustainability. Western populations do not currently experience food shortages, but others do not have enough food available and some others suffer from hunger. Besides, a topic gaining much attention is the malnutrition condition of the global population. International research present fortification as a novel approach to promote public health in the fight against severe nutritional deficiencies (vitamin A, iron, and zinc), particularly in developing Nations, in the context of micronutrient malnutrition. Consumers� acceptance of fortified products are receiving more and more attention from the institutional, scientific and industrial sphere. The present survey aims at investigating the level of consumer�s knowledge regarding fortified products, the factors influencing their purchasing decisions, their food value systems in terms of sensory evaluation and economic valuation compared to conventional ones and the traits influencing the higher willingness to pay for these foods.. to identify The investigation on the factors that may influence the propensity and frequency of fortified products� consumption bases on a survey sample. Specifically, following the administration of an ad hoc questionnaire, the methodology comprehend statistical analyses: the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) that synthetized the food values and the consumption motivations comprised in the questionnaire and a non-hierarchical Cluster Analysis to categorize fortified products consumers. The investigation conducted identified the Italian customer profile of fortified food product.
Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "World Values Survey"
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Barker, Ross, Isabella Buber-Ennser, Yen Thi Hai Nguyen e Maria Rita Testa. THE IMPORTANCE OF FAMILY, LEISURE, WORK, AND FRIENDS. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, ottobre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/0x003e87d9.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this paper, we investigate the importance of various aspects of life—that is, the value of family, leisure, work, and friends distinguished by age and parenthood. Our data is from the European Values Study and World Values Survey, capturing 46 countries in Europe, East Asia, Latin America and Australia. We focus on persons in young and middle adulthood and examine the perceived importance of the four life domains Tin 2005–2009 and 2017–2019 and the changes over the roughly 10-year period. Our results show that family is most often regarded as important, followed by work, friends, and leisure. This hiearchary remained the same during the last decade. The descriptive results show an increase in the importance of family, friends, and leisure, with significant regional differences. Regionally, Southern Europe and East Asia have the most significant changes in values over the 10-year period. Differentiations by age and parity reveal that the associations of age and parity are weaker in 2017–2019 than in 2005–2009.
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Kessler, Gabriel, Gabriel Vommaro e Gonzalo Assusa. El proceso de polarización en América Latina Entre la secularización y el conflicto distributivo. Maria Sibylla Merian Centre Conviviality-Inequality in Latin America, marzo 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46877/kessler-et-al.2023.53.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
América Latina vive actualmente un proceso de polarización en muchos países que constituye sin lugar a dudas un reto para incrementar los rasgos más cohesivos de la convivialidad. ¿Cómo actúan los factores económico-distributivos y culturalesmorales en los escenarios actuales de polarización? En este paper mostramos, primero, que el proceso general de secularización está extendido en la mayor parte de los países estudiados, aunque persisten segmentos conservadores resilientes y muy activos. Segundo, que los issues culturales-morales adquieren saliencia en conflictos polarizados en virtud de la relación entre la aceleración de los cambios en las posiciones en temas culturales (secularización acelerada) y la acción de variables asociadas con la politización de estos issues: ideología y religión. Tercero, que los issues económico-distributivos siguen estructurando preferencias políticas y se mantienen como escenario de polarización en América Latina, aunque las posiciones en este campo son menos consistentes y correlacionan más con la clase que con la ideología. Nuestro paper estudia los casos de Argentina, Brasil, Colombia y México, que reúnen el 80 % de la población del continente. Se apoya en un análisis de las series históricas (desde los años 1980 hasta la actualidad) de la encuesta World Values Survey e incorpora datos provenientes de un estudio comparado basado en grupos focales.
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Carranza, Rafael, Mauricio De Rosa e Ignacio Flores. Wealth Inequality in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, giugno 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004945.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
How much wealth has accumulated in the region and how is it distributed across households? Despite being widely recognized for its extreme income inequality, reliable data on wealth is scarce, partial and oftentimes contradictory, making it difficult to answer these basic questions. In this study, we estimate aggregates based on macroeconomic data, and inequality based on recently available surveys. We contrast our results with the literature, with a handful of state-of-the-art estimates from administrative sources, and with more available but extrapolated estimates from Credit Suisse and wid.world. Considering all the evidence, we distinguish reliable facts from what can only be conjectured or speculated. We find that aggregate wealth increased over two decades in four countries, now ranging close to 3.5 the national income for market value estimates and 5-6 times at book values. We also find that wealth inequality is amongst the highest in the world were it can be measured. Given data limitations, one can only speculate about aggregates in opaque countries and about inequality trends in any country in the region. Although recent research in the developed world has focused in combining data sources to better understand wealth, the region lags behind and urgently requires more and better public information.
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Beltrão, Kaizô I., Rosa M. R. Massena e David M. Vetter. The Impact of the Sense of Security from Crime on Residential Property Values in Brazilian Metropolitan Areas. Inter-American Development Bank, giugno 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011493.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Using a hedonic residential rent model for Brazil's metropolitan areas calibrated with microdata from Brazil's annual household survey, this study estimates that increasing the sense of security in the home by one standard deviation would increase average home values by R$1,513 (US$757), or about US$13. 6 billion if applied to all 18.0 million households in the study area. The principal components analysis of sense of security and crime victimization variables indicates that higher-income households feel more secure from crime in the home, even though theft and robbery victimization rise with household income and rent level. Higher levels of home protection measures by higher-income households partially explain this result.
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Anderson, Sharron, Antony Lloyd, Malcom Baxter, Michael Walls e Victoria Bailey-Horne. Turmeric survey – Final report. Food Standards Agency, luglio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ojv940.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The consumption of turmeric supplements is increasingly popular and is reported to provide numerous health benefits including antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, anticarcinogenic, chemopreventive, chemotherapeutic, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and antiplatelet activities [1]. However, in recent months there has been a number of reports of hepatotoxicity linked to the consumption of these supplements. Such reports and scientific publications led to a review of the safety of turmeric and curcumin by the UK Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment (COT). The statement issued by COT in November 2019 concluded “Given past reported contamination issues with turmeric supplements, the Committee concluded that there would be value in commissioning a chemical analysis of turmeric supplements and raw/powdered turmeric available on the UK market”. To address this conclusion the FSA requested Fera to: develop and validate in-house method(s) for measuring curcumin in turmeric containing supplements, ground/powdered turmeric and raw/fresh turmeric develop and validate in-house a method for measuring piperine in turmeric containing supplements purchase turmeric containing supplements (n=15), ground/powdered turmeric (n=10) and raw/fresh turmeric (n=5) from a mixture of local outlets and over the internet analyse all 30 samples for trace elements and curcumin analyse all supplement samples for piperine content.
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Huntley, D., D. Rotheram-Clarke, R. Cocking, J. Joseph e P. Bobrowsky. Understanding plateau and prairie landslides: annual report on landslide research in the Thompson River valley, British Columbia, and the Assiniboine River valley, Manitoba-Saskatchewan (2020-2021 to 2021-2022). Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329205.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Open File 8838 is a publication of Interdepartmental Memorandum of Understanding (IMOU) 5170 between Natural Resources Canada (NRCAN), the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC), and Transport Canada Innovation Centre (TC-IC). IMOU 5107 aims to gain new insight into slow-moving landslides and the influence of climate changes through testing conventional and emerging monitoring technologies along strategically important sections of the national railway network in the Thompson River valley, British Columbia, and the Assiniboine River valley along the borders of Manitoba and Saskatchewan. The results of this research will be applicable to other sites in Canada, and elsewhere around the world where slowmoving landslides and climate change are adversely affecting critical socio-economic infrastructure.
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Chong, Alberto E., e Mark Gradstein. Education and Democratic Preferences. Inter-American Development Bank, giugno 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010914.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper examines the causal link between education and democracy. Motivated by a model whereby educated individuals are in a better position to assess the effects of public policies and hence favor democracy where their opinions matter, the empirical analysis uses World Values Surveys to study the link between education and democratic attitudes. Controlling for a variety of characteristics, the paper finds that higher education levels tend to result in rodemocracy views. These results hold across countries with different levels of democracy, thus rejecting the hypothesis that indoctrination through education is an effective tool in non-democratic countries.
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Ardanaz, Martín, Evelyne Hübscher, Philip Keefer e Thomas Sattle. Policy Misperceptions, Information, and the Demand for Redistributive Tax Reform: Experimental Evidence from Latin American Countries. Inter-American Development Bank, dicembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004655.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Why do individuals preferences for redistribution often diverge widely from their material self-interest? Using an original online survey experiment spanning eight countries and 12,000 respondents across Latin America, one of the most unequal regions in the world, we find significant evidence for an under-explored explanation: misconceptions regarding the distributional effects of current tax policy. Treated respondents who are informed that an increase in the value added tax (VAT) is regressive are significantly more likely to prefer policy reforms that make the tax more progressive. Treatment effects are driven by the large fraction of respondents who underestimate the regressivity of the VAT, even though their misperceptions are linked to fundamental views about the world. These respondents are disproportionately right-leaning and more likely to attribute success to individual effort than luck. Despite the deep-rooted nature of respondents misperceptions, treatment effects are largest among individuals who hold these views of the world. These findings contribute both to understanding the political economy of redistribution and the potential for information interventions to shift support for fiscal adjustment policies protecting the most vulnerable.
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Ardanaz, Martín, Evelyne Hübscher, Philip Keefer e Thomas Sattler. Policy Misperceptions, Information, and the Demand for Redistributive Tax Reform: Experimental evidence from Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, settembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004473.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Scholars have long struggled to understand why individual preferences for redistribution often diverge widely from their material self-interest. The puzzle is acute in Latin America, largely democratic and yet one of the most unequal regions in the world. Using an original online survey experiment spanning 8 countries and 12,000 respondents across Latin America, we find significant evidence for an under-explored explanation: misconceptions regarding the distributional effects of current tax policy. Treated respondents who are informed that an increase in the value-added tax (VAT) is regressive are significantly more likely to prefer policy reforms that make the tax more progressive. We are further able to identify mechanisms. A large fraction of respondents underestimate the regressivity of the VAT. Their misperceptions are linked to fundamental views about the world: these respondents are disproportionately right-leaning and more likely to attribute success to individual effort than luck. Despite the deep-rooted nature of their misperceptions, treatment effects are largest among individuals who believe the VAT is not regressive. These findings contribute both to understanding the political economy of redistribution and the potential for information interventions to shift support for fiscal adjustment policies protecting the most vulnerable.
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O'Connell, Kelly, David Burdick, Melissa Vaccarino, Colin Lock, Greg Zimmerman e Yakuta Bhagat. Coral species inventory at War in the Pacific National Historical Park: Final report. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2302040.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The War in the Pacific National Historical Park (WAPA), a protected area managed by the National Park Service (NPS), was established "to commemorate the bravery and sacrifice of those participating in the campaigns of the Pacific Theater of World War II and to conserve and interpret outstanding natural, scenic, and historic values on the island of Guam." Coral reef systems present in the park represent a vital element of Guam?s cultural, traditional, and economical heritage, and as such, are precious and in need of conservation. To facilitate the management of these resources, NPS determined that a scleractinian (stony coral) species survey was necessary to establish a baseline for existing coral communities and other important factors for conservation. EnviroScience, Inc. performed a survey of stony coral species, coral habitat, and current evidence of stressors at WAPA?s H?gat and Asan Units in 2022. This report summarizes these findings from a management perspective and compares its findings to previous survey data from 1977 and 1999 (Eldridge et al. 1977; Amesbury et al. 1999). WAPA is located on the tropical island of Guam, located on the west-central coast of the island, and encompasses 2,037 acres. Underwater resources are a significant component of the park, as 1,002 acres consists of water acres. The park is comprised of seven units, of which two of these, the H?gat and Asan Beach Units, include all the oceanic water acres for the park. The H?gat Beach Unit (local spelling, formerly known as ?Agat?) is located at the south-west portion of the park and consists of 38 land acres and 557 water acres (NPS 2003). The Asan Beach Unit consists of 109 acres of land and 445 water acres (NPS 2003). A current baseline for existing coral communities and other important factors for conservation necessitates the need for up-to-date data on the location, presence, relative abundance, and present health of corals. Park managers need this updated data to determine where and how to best focus conservation priorities and identify restoration opportunities. Management actions in park reef areas informed by this inventory included identifying locations where there were: high rates of sedimentation; high coral biomass; rare or threatened species, with a priority given to species endemic to Guam and listed as ?threatened? under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA; Acropora globiceps, A. retusa, A. speciosa, and Seriatopora aculeata); coral persistence and decline, disease and/or nuisance species, including the crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster cf. solaris, ?COTS?) and the sponge Terpios hoshinota; and bleached areas. All work carried out was in accordance with the NPS statement of work (SOW) requirements, which involved a quantitative inventory using both new and pre-existing transects. The resulting transects totaled 61 (including the four from the 1999 study), each measuring 50 meters in length and distributed across depths of up to 50 feet. Divers took photo-quadrat samples covering an area of approximately 9 m?, encompassing 50 photo-quadrats of dimensions 0.50 m x 0.36 m (n=50). The collective area surveyed across all 61 transects amounted to ~549 m?. Additionally, a qualitative search was conducted to enhance documentation of coral species that have limited distribution and might not be captured by transects, along with identifying harmful species and stressors. Timed roving diver coral diversity surveys were carried out at a total of 20 sites occurring within the waters of WAPA, including eight sites at the H?gat unit and 12 sites at the Asan unit. The findings from this report reveal significant disparities in benthic cover compositions between H?gat and Asan units. The H?gat unit exhibits high abundances of turf algae and unconsolidated sediment while the Asan beach unit presents a different scenario, with hard coral as the dominant benthic cover, followed closely by crustose coralline algae (CCA). The Asan unit is also more difficult to access from shore or boat relative to H?gat which provides that unit some protection from human influences. The Asan beach unit's prevalence of hard coral, CCA, and colonizable substrate suggests a more favorable environment for reef growth and the potential benefits of maintaining robust coral cover in the area. These distinct differences in benthic communities highlight the contrasting ecological dynamics and habitats of the two study areas. Across both H?gat and Asan beach unit transects, a total of 56 hard coral species were recorded from 27 genera, with 44 species recorded from the H?gat unit and 48 species recorded from the Asan unit. Of the four historical transects surveyed in the Asan unit from 1999, three experienced declines in percent coral cover (17.38-78.72%), while the fourth had an increase (10.98%). During the timed roving diver coral diversity surveys, a total of 245 hard coral species, including 241 scleractinian coral species representing 49 genera and 4 non-scleractinian coral species representing 4 genera were recorded. Uncertainties related to coral identification, unresolved boundaries between morphospecies, differences in taxonomists' perspectives, and the rapidly evolving state of coral taxonomy have significant implications for species determinations during coral diversity surveys. While the recent surveys have provided valuable insights into coral diversity in WAPA waters, ongoing taxonomic research and collaboration among experts will be essential to obtain a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of coral biodiversity in the region. Of the several ESA coral species that were searched for among the H?gat and Asan beach units, Acropora retusa was the only coral species found among quantitative transects (n=2) and A. globiceps was observed during coral diversity surveys. Acropora speciosa, which was dominant in the upper seaward slopes in 1977, is now conspicuously absent from all the surveys conducted in 2022 (Eldredge et al., 1977). The disappearance and reduction of these once-dominant species underscores the urgency of implementing conservation measures to safeguard the delicate balance of Guam's coral reefs and preserve the diversity and ecological integrity of these invaluable marine ecosystems. Other formerly common or locally abundant species were infrequently encountered during the diversity surveys, including Acropora monticulosa, A. sp. ?obtusicaulis?, A. palmerae, Stylophora sp. ?mordax?, Montipora sp. ?pagoensis?, and Millepora dichotoma. Significant bleaching-associated mortality was recorded for these species, most of which are restricted to reef front/margin zones exposed to moderate-to-high levels of wave energy. Sedimentation was present in both H?gat and the Asan units, though it was more commonly encountered in H?gat transects. While significant portions of the reef area within the WAPA H?gat unit are in poor condition due to a variety of stressors, some areas still hosted notable coral communities, which should be a potential focus for park management to prevent further degradation. There is a need for more effective management of point source pollution concerns, particularly when subpar wastewater treatment or runoff from areas with potential pollution or sediment-laden water is flowing from nearby terrestrial environments. Future monitoring efforts should aim to establish a framework that facilitates a deeper understanding of potential point source pollution incidents. This would empower park managers to collaborate with adjacent communities, both within and outside of park boundaries, to mitigate the localized impacts of pollution (McCutcheon and McKenna, 2021). COTS were encountered during transect surveys as well as in coral diversity surveys. including along the upper reef front/reef margin at site Agat-CS-2. The frequency of these observations, particularly in the WAPA H?gat unit and where stress-susceptible corals are already uncommonly encountered, raise concern about the ability of the populations of these coral species to recover following acute disturbance events, and calls in to question the ability of some of these species to persist in WAPA waters, and in Guam?s waters more broadly. More frequent crown-of-thorns control efforts, even if only a handful of sea stars are removed during a single effort, may be required to prevent further loss to vulnerable species. There were several documented incidents of Terpios hoshinota covering large sections of branching coral in the reef flat along transects, but it is still unclear how detrimental this sponge is to the overall reef system. There is a concern that elevated levels of organic matter and nutrients in the water, such as those resulting from sewage discharge or stormwater runoff, could lead to increased Terpios populations (De Voogd et al. 2013). Consequently, it is important to track populations in known areas of sedimentation and poor water quality. The presence of unique species at single survey sites within the study areas underscores the ecological importance of certain locations. Some species are known to occur in other locations in Guam, while a few may be limited to specific sites within WAPA waters. These differences are likely influenced by environmental and biological factors such as poor water quality, severe heat stress events, chronic predation by crown-of-thorns sea stars, disease, and reduced herbivore populations. These factors collectively shape the condition of the benthic community, leading to variations in species distribution and abundance across the study sites. Documenting coral stress and identifying potentially harmful species allows for proactive management strategies to prevent the establishment of nuisance or detrimental species while populations are still manageable. Updated data on the location, presence, relative abundance, and health of corals is essential for park managers to prioritize conservation efforts and identify restoration opportunities effectively. Observations from this report raise concerns about the health and resilience of coral ecosystems in the H?gat unit and emphasize the need for knowledge of local factors that shape benthic community structure. Understanding the drivers responsible for these variations is crucial for effective conservation and management strategies to preserve the ecological balance and overall health of coral reefs in both units. Continued monitoring efforts will be critical in assessing long-term trends and changes in benthic cover and enabling adaptive management approaches to safeguard these valuable marine ecosystems in the face of ongoing environmental challenges.