Bibliografie tematiche / Wool industry South Australia

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Wool industry South Australia"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 4 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Wool industry South Australia"

Vere, D. T., P. M. Dowling, R. E. Jones e D. R. Kemp. "Economic impact of Vulpia in temperate pasture systems in south-eastern Australia". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 42, n. 4 (2002): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea01100.

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An increasing incidence of annual grasses is considered to be a primary cause of decline in the productivity of Australia's temperate pasture systems. In particular, Vulpia (silver grass) comprises a significant proportion of the biomass of many temperate pastures and can seriously affect livestock productivity. The main economic effects of Vulpia include reducing pasture carrying capacities, contaminating produce and competing with more desirable pasture species. This paper presents the results of an economic evaluation of the costs of Vulpia and the long-term benefits of improving Vulpia management in the high-rainfall areas of south-eastern Australia. The evaluation used an integrated economic modelling system that determined the grazing system and livestock industry impacts of Vulpia and translated these into measures of economic welfare change that enabled the benefit-cost analysis of various levels of Vulpia management to be undertaken. With a focus on wool, the analysis established the high annual costs of Vulpia to wool producers and consumers, together with substantial long-term economic benefits that could potentially result from reducing the incidence of Vulpia in pastures. Total annual costs to the wool industry in the temperate pasture zone of New South Wales and Victoria ranged between A$7 and $30 million, while the potential discounted net benefits to the Australian and international wool industries were between $32 and $287�million over a 15-year period at a real discount rate of 5%. These estimates provide a strong economic basis for promoting improved management strategies for reducing Vulpia incidence in pastures.

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Vere, D. T., e M. H. Campbell. "Potential economic benefits to the Australian wool industry from improving pastures in the hill country of eastern New South Wales". Rangeland Journal 26, n. 2 (2004): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj04011.

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Large areas of undeveloped pastures in non-arable hill country in eastern New South Wales could be improved by aerial methods. The potential economic benefits of pasture improving a portion of the hill country area were evaluated in terms of the economic welfare changes in the Australian wool industry. Hill country wool producers and international wool consumers would derive nearly all of the benefits from this process. Other Australian and international wool producers would lose economic welfare because of the reduced price from increased regional wool production. For conservative anticipated levels of pasture improvement adoption, the overall benefits to the Australian wool industry had 15-year mean present values of between $30.2 million and $122.1 million, depending on whether the introduced pasture was predominantly perennial grass or legume based. The value of this analysis is that it provides improved economic information for planning investment in new pasture technologies in the Australian livestock industries.

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Henry, B. K., D. Butler e S. G. Wiedemann. "Quantifying carbon sequestration on sheep grazing land in Australia for life cycle assessment studies". Rangeland Journal 37, n. 4 (2015): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj14109.

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The sheep industry has played an important role in Australia’s development and economy over the 220 years since European settlement and remains an important land use in Australia, occupying an estimated 85 million ha of continental land mass. Historically, deforestation was carried out in many sheep-rearing regions to promote pasture growth but this has not occurred within recent decades and many wool producers have invested in planting trees as well as preserving patches of remnant vegetation. Although the limitations of single environmental impact studies are recognised, this paper focuses on the contribution of carbon sequestration in trees and shrubs on sheep farms to the global warming potential impact category in life cycle assessment of wool. The analysis represents three major wool-producing zones of Australia. Based on default regional yields as applied in Australia’s National Inventory model, FullCAM, CO2 removals in planted exotic pines and mixed native species were estimated to be 5.0 and 3.0 t CO2 ha–1 year–1, respectively, for the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales in the ‘high-rainfall zone’ and 1.4 t CO2 ha–1 year–1 for mixed native species in the ‘sheep-wheat zone’ of Western Australia. Applying modified factors allowing for the higher measured growth rates in regions with rainfall >300 mm, gave values for native species reforestation of 4.4 and 2.0 t CO2 ha–1 year–1 for New South Wales and Western Australia, respectively. Sequestration was estimated to be 0.07 t CO2 ha–1 year–1 over 100 years for chenopod shrublands of the ‘pastoral zone’ of South Australia but this low rate is significant because of the extent of regeneration. Sequestration of soil organic carbon in improved permanent pastures in the New South Wales Northern Tablelands was evaluated to be highly uncertain but potentially significant over large areas of management. Improved data and consistent methodologies are needed for quantification of these benefits in life cycle assessment studies for wool and sheep meat, and additional impact categories, such as biodiversity, need to be included if the public and private benefits provided by good management of vegetation resources on farms are to be more fully recognised.

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Besier, R. B., e S. C. J. Love. "Anthelmintic resistance in sheep nematodes in Australia: the need for new approaches". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 43, n. 12 (2003): 1383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea02229.

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Sheep worm infections increasingly threaten the profitability of the Australian sheep industry as the prevalence and severity of anthelmintic resistance continues to rise. Field experiments have demonstrated that the use of drenches that are of reduced efficacy due to resistance can reduce wool production by 10% and significantly reduce sheep sale value. The major factor in benzimidazole (BZ) and levamisole (LV) resistance, and in part macrocyclic lactone (ML) resistance in Haemonchus contortus, is considered to be the excessive frequency of treatment. In Ostertagia circumcincta, ML resistance appears to be related chiefly to interactions between the environment and the time of treatment, where resistant worms surviving drenches are not significantly diluted by worms acquired after treatment. Resistance to the BZs and LV affects almost all Australian sheep farms, and on most drench efficacy is now below a useful level. ML resistance is common in O. circumcincta in Western Australia, and increasingly prevalent in H. contortus in summer rainfall regions. Closantel resistance is a major threat to H.�contortus control in northern New South Wales and southern Queensland. The organophosphate naphthalophos, especially when used in combination with other compounds, has proved useful although variable in efficacy. It is essential that the sheep industry adopts approaches that minimise reliance on chemical control, such as the breeding of worm resistant sheep, use of specific grazing strategies for worm control and apply flock treatment tactics to minimise further resistance development. New non-chemical technologies under development are also expected to contribute to more sustainable worm control. Nutritional regimens that minimise the impact of worm infections and enhance the immune response require investigation and integration into sustainable control practices.

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Trouillas, F. P., F. Peduto, J. D. Lorber, M. R. Sosnowski, J. Grant, W. W. Coates, K. K. Anderson, J. Caprile e W. D. Gubler. "Calosphaeria Canker of Sweet Cherry Caused by Calosphaeria pulchella in California and South Australia". Plant Disease 96, n. 5 (maggio 2012): 648–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-11-0237.

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California is the second largest sweet cherry producer in the United States with annual revenues up to $200 million. The South Australian cherry industry generates about 10% of Australia's overall production with approximately 1,500 metric tons of cherries produced yearly. In California, perennial canker diseases and subsequent branch dieback are responsible for extensive damage throughout sweet cherry orchards, reducing annual yields and tree longevity. Surveys of cherry orchards and isolation work were conducted in California to identify the main canker-causing agents. Calosphaeria pulchella was the main fungus isolated from cankers, followed by Eutypa lata and Leucostoma persoonii, respectively. Preliminary surveys in cherry orchards in South Australia documented C. pulchella and L. persoonii in cankers. The pathogenicity of C. pulchella in sweet cherry was confirmed following field inoculations of 2- to 3-year-old branches. C. pulchella was able to infect healthy wood and produce cankers with as much virulence as E. lata or L. persoonii. Spore trapping studies were conducted in two sweet cherry orchards in California to investigate the seasonal abundance of C. pulchella spores. Experiments showed that rain and sprinkler irrigation were important factors for aerial dissemination. Finally, this study illustrates the symptoms and signs of the new disease Calosphaeria canker.

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Lunney, Daniel. "Causes of the extinction of native mammals of the Western Division of New South Wales: an ecological interpretation of the nineteenth century historical record". Rangeland Journal 23, n. 1 (2001): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj01014.

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Twenty-four mammal species – predominantly the medium-sized, ground-dwelling mammals with a dependence on grass/herbs and seeds – disappeared forever from the landscape of the Western Division of New South Wales in a period of 60 years from first settlement in 1841. The present study examines the causes of this extinction episode by constructing a picture of the changing landscape from the historical record and interpreting the findings ecologically. The conclusions point to an extinction process that can be largely attributed to the impact of sheep, an impact that was exacerbated in the scarce and fragile refuges of the flat landscape in times of intense and frequent drought. This conclusion differs from those of many others, particularly Kerin in the Western Lands Review, who pointed to "the impact of feral animals, rather than overgrazing" as the cause of mammal extinctions, and Morton, who considered that the rabbit was "principally (although not entirely)" responsible for mammal extinctions in the rangelands. The rabbit plague in the Western Division from the early 1880s and the influx of foxes in the last years of the 19th century expedited the local demise of some species and even delivered the final blow to surviving remnant populations of a few species of native mammals but they were not the primary agent of extinction. Historical accounts give prominence to the rapidly growing wool industry in the 19th century. From its dominant position as an export commodity, wool became the chief means of the successful spread of colonial settlement. By 1853 there were about 300,000 sheep based at the southern end of the Darling on the watered frontages, which were all taken up by 1858. The west of the Darling was largely occupied by sheep farmers between 1859 and 1876. The history of settlement around Menindee from 1841 can be read as a devastating critique of the failure to realise that the west could not sustain a pattern of land use imposed on it from another world. The deterioration of the pastoral landscape was such that by the late 1880s the "walls of the pastoral fortresses... were beginning to crumble of their own accord, as the foundations on which they were built — the physical environment — altered under stresses...". The sequence of occupation and land use in the Western Division and the timing of the loss of native mammal species allows the conclusion to be drawn that it was sheep, and the way the land was managed for the export wool industry, that drove so many of the mammal species to extinction. The impact of ever-increasing millions of sheep on all frontages, through all the refuges, and across all the landscape by the mid 1880s is the primary cause of the greatest period of mammal extinction in Australia in modern times.

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Duc, Hiep Nguyen, Kristina Shingles, Stephen White, David Salter, Lisa Tzu-Chi Chang, Gunaratnam Gunashanhar, Matthew Riley et al. "Spatial-Temporal Pattern of Black Carbon (BC) Emission from Biomass Burning and Anthropogenic Sources in New South Wales and the Greater Metropolitan Region of Sydney, Australia". Atmosphere 11, n. 6 (31 maggio 2020): 570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11060570.

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Biomass burnings either due to Hazards Reduction Burnings (HRBs) in late autumn and early winter or bushfires during summer periods in various part of the world (e.g., CA, USA or New South Wales, Australia) emit large amount of gaseous pollutants and aerosols. The emissions, under favourable meteorological conditions, can cause elevated atmospheric particulate concentrations in metropolitan areas and beyond. One of the pollutants of concern is black carbon (BC), which is a component of aerosol particles. BC is harmful to health and acts as a radiative forcing agent in increasing the global warming due to its light absorption properties. Remote sensing data from satellites have becoming increasingly available for research, and these provide rich datasets available on global and local scale as well as in situ aethalometer measurements allow researchers to study the emission and dispersion pattern of BC from anthropogenic and natural sources. The Department of Planning, Industry and Environment (DPIE) in New South Wales (NSW) has installed recently from 2014 to 2019 a total of nine aethalometers to measure BC in its state-wide air quality network to determine the source contribution of BC and PM2.5 (particulate Matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter) in ambient air from biomass burning and anthropogenic combustion sources. This study analysed the characteristics of spatial and temporal patterns of black carbon (BC) in New South Wales and in the Greater Metropolitan Region (GMR) of Sydney, Australia, by using these data sources as well as the trajectory HYSPLIT (Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) modelling tool to determine the source of high BC concentration detected at these sites. The emission characteristics of BC in relation to PM2.5 is dependent on the emission source and is analysed using regression analysis of BC with PM2.5 time series at the receptor site for winter and summer periods. The results show that, during the winter, correlation between BC and PM2.5 is found at nearly all sites while little or no correlation is detected during the summer period. Traffic vehicle emission is the main BC emission source identified in the urban areas but was less so in the regional sites where biomass burnings/wood heating is the dominant source in winter. The BC diurnal patterns at all sites were strongly influenced by meteorology.

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Kellison, R. C., Russ Lea e Paul Marsh. "Introduction ofEucalyptusspp. into the United States with Special Emphasis on the Southern United States". International Journal of Forestry Research 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/189393.

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Introduction ofEucalyptusspp. into the United States from Australia on a significant scale resulted from the gold rush into California in 1849. Numerous species were evaluated for fuel, wood products, and amenity purposes. The first recorded entry of eucalyptus into the southern United Stated was in 1878. Subsequent performance of selected species for ornamental purposes caused forest industry to visualize plantations for fiber production. That interest led the Florida Forestry Foundation to initiate species-introduction trials in 1959. The results were sufficiently promising that a contingent of forest products companies formed a cooperative to work with the USDA Forest Service, Lehigh Acres, FL, USA, on genetic improvement of selected species for fiber production. The Florida initiative caused other industrial forestry companies in the upper South to establish plantations regardless of the species or seed source. The result was invariably the same: failure. Bruce Zobel, Professor of Forestry, North Carolina State University, initiated a concerted effort to assess the potential worth of eucalyptus for plantation use. The joint industrial effort evaluated 569 sources representing 103 species over a 14-year period. The three levels of testing, screening, in-depth, and semioperational trials led to identification of some species and sources that offered promise for adaptation, but severe winter temperatures in late 1983 and early 1984 and 1985 terminated the project. Despite the failed attempt valuable silvicultural practices were ascertained that will be beneficial to other researchers and practitioners when attempts are again made to introduce the species complex into the US South.

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Doran-Browne, Natalie A., John Ive, Phillip Graham e Richard J. Eckard. "Carbon-neutral wool farming in south-eastern Australia". Animal Production Science 56, n. 3 (2016): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15541.

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Ruminant livestock production generates higher levels of greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) compared with other types of farming. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce or offset those emissions where possible. Although mitigation options exist that reduce ruminant GHGE through the use of feed management, flock structure or breeding management, these options only reduce the existing emissions by up to 30% whereas planting trees and subsequent carbon sequestration in trees and soil has the potential for livestock emissions to be offset in their entirety. Trees can introduce additional co-benefits that may increase production such as reduced salinity and therefore increased pasture production, shelter for animals or reduced erosion. Trees will also use more water and compete with pastures for water and light. Therefore, careful planning is required to locate trees where the co-benefits can be maximised instead of any negative trade-offs. This study analysed the carbon balance of a wool case study farm, Talaheni, in south-eastern Australia to determine if the farm was carbon neutral. The Australian National Greenhouse Gas Inventory was used to calculate GHGE and carbon stocks, with national emissions factors used where available, and otherwise figures from the IPCC methodology being used. Sources of GHGE were from livestock, energy and fuel, and carbon stocks were present in the trees and soil. The results showed that from when the farm was purchased in 1980–2012 the farm had sequestered 11 times more carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) in trees and soil than was produced by livestock and energy. Between 1980 and 2012 a total of 31 100 t CO2e were sequestered with 19 300 and 11 800 t CO2e in trees and soil, respectively, whereas farm emissions totalled 2800 t CO2e. There was a sufficient increase in soil carbon stocks alone to offset all GHGE at the study site. This study demonstrated that there are substantial gains to be made in soil carbon stocks where initial soils are eroded and degraded and there is the opportunity to increase soil carbon either through planting trees or introducing perennial pastures to store more carbon under pastures. Further research would be beneficial on the carbon-neutral potential of farms in more fertile, high-rainfall areas. These areas typically have higher stocking rates than the present study and would require higher levels of carbon stocks for the farm to be carbon neutral.

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Doyle, PT, RA Love e TW Plaisted. "Mineral supplementation and wool production of young Merino sheep on the south coast of Western Australia". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, n. 4 (1995): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9950437.

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Wool-free liveweight change (LWC), wool growth rate, annual wool production, and wool characteristics of young Merino wethers fed supplements of lupins with gypsum or a multi-element mineral lick were examined in 12 experiments at 5 farms between 1989 and 1992. The source of sheep varied between experiments; age was 4.5-6.5 months and liveweight 28-37 kg at the beginning of supplementation. Sheep were fed lupins, lupins coated with gypsum (15-20 g/kg lupins), or lupins along with access to the mineral lick (offered at 140 g/sheep.week). The amount of lupins offered in all treatments within any experiment was the same. Supplementary feeding varied between experiments from 150 to 240 days. The sheep grazed annual pastures at stocking rates of 8-1 6.7ha. Average lick intake was 12-18 g/sheep. day. During supplementary feeding, there was considerable variation in LWC (-80 to +110 g/day) and clean wool growth rates (3.8-15.1 g/day) within and between experiments. However, there was no significant positive effect of gypsum or mineral lick supplementation on LWC or clean wool growth rates during or after supplementary feeding in any experiment. There were positive (P<0.01) relationships between LWC and clean wool growth rates during supplementation. Also, for some spring-shorn sheep types, staple strength of wool was linearly related (P<0.01) to LWC in the period before the position of break in the wool staple. Annual wool production, average fibre diameter, and staple strength of midside wool were not significantly increased by supplements of gypsum or mineral lick in any experiment.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Wool industry South Australia"

Sneddon, Joanne. "Innovation in the Australian wool industry : a sensemaking perspective". University of Western Australia. Graduate School of Management, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0010.

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Achieving the successful development, transfer and adoption of new agricultural technology is a popular issue in the innovation literature. Innovation diffusion and economic theory has informed this literature by emphasising the central role that technology attributes and economic rationality play in the adoption of new technology. In agricultural innovation context, research has traditionally taken a technological determinist perspective, assuming that technologies shape society and that all technological change is positive and progressive. As a result of limitations of the linear, determinist perspective of agricultural innovation to explain how new technologies are adopted and diffused, social constructivist approaches to agricultural innovation have emerged as a complement to this approach. However, a unifying framework of the social construction of new agricultural technologies has not been presented in the agricultural innovation literature. In this study Karl Weicks seven properties of sensemaking are used as the foundation for the development of a unifying conceptual framework for the examination of the social construction of agricultural technology. This thesis is a study of sensemaking in the context of agricultural innovation. It examines how participants in the Australian wool industry make sense of new technologies and how that sensemaking shapes their use of new technologies over time. The focal innovation initiative studied in this thesis is the development, transfer, adoption and abandonment of objective wool fibre testing technologies. This initiative commenced in the 1960s and has resulted in significant changes in the way that Australian wool is produced, marketed and processed. An interpretive research paradigm is adopted in this study. A theory-building case study approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis is used to capture the ongoing, iterative, enactive and social actions and interactions that occur throughout the agricultural innovation process. The case study is divided into three separate but interlocking empirical analyses which examine how industry participants' sensemaking shaped their use of wool testing technologies at the industry, technological system and individual farm level. The findings and implications of the three empirical studies in this thesis are discussed in relation to (1) the interpretation frameworks of agricultural industry participants and technology enactment, (2) the sensemaking process, (3) the social construction of shared technology frames, and (4) the social construction of industry belief systems. This study contributes to the debate on the social construction of agricultural technology and sensemaking in the innovation process by exploring the development, transfer, adoption and abandonment of new wool fibre testing technologies by industry participants over time. It builds on theoretical and empirical agricultural innovation and sensemaking research, and draws on a theoretical framework sensitive to the social construction of technology at the individual, group and industry levels. In doing so this study develops the concept of sensemaking in the agricultural innovation process as a way of deepening our understanding of how new agricultural technologies are transferred, adopted and diffused.

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Scobie, David Roger. "Short term effects of stress hormones on cell division rate in wool follicles : a thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy". Title page, abstract and contents only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs421.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 183-207) A local intradermal technique using colchicine to estimate cell division rate in wool follicles is refined and used throughout the thesis. Statistical methods used to analyse data obtained with this method are described and discussed. The implications of the findings are of great significance to research into the influence of physiological changes on wool production, and suggest experiments should be conducted under controlled environmental conditions, with a minimum of stress imposed on the animals.

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Olivier, Willem J. "The evaluation of a South African fine wool genetic resource flock". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86675.

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Thesis (PhD(Agric))--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study set out to determine (co)variance components for the important production, reproduction and conformation traits of a South African fine wool resource flock that was established at the request of the South African wool industry. A secondary aim was to assess progeny of these animals under pastoral conditions in areas where the production of fine wool is uncommon. The Cradock fine wool Merino stud was established in 1988 with ewes bought from producers with the finest clips in South Africa. Data collected from 1988 to 2010 were used to estimate the (co)variances for the genetic fine wool resource flock. The quantification of the interdependencies of fibre diameter (FD) with production, reproduction and subjective traits were the main objective of this study. It is evident from the results of this study that FD is a highly heritable (0.63 ± 0.03) trait, which can lead to marked genetic progress provided that there are adequate levels of phenotypic variation available during selection. Fibre diameter was unfavourably correlated with body weight (0.30 ± 0.05), clean fleece weight (0.24 ± 0.05) and reproduction (0.59 ± 0.18), which implies that selection for reduced FD can have a detrimental effect on all these traits. Despite these unfavourable genetic correlations genetic gain in the other economical important traits was achievable in the stud (-0.129 ± 0.033). These results were supported by the results obtained during the evaluation of progeny of this stud under pastoral conditions where the production and reproduction of the fine wool animals were comparable with medium wool animals. It can therefore be concluded that selection for reduced FD can be practiced without detrimental effects on the economically important traits and subsequently the profitability of the sheep enterprise, as long as breeders have a reasonable selection objective based on economic considerations.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie het dit ten doel gehad om (ko)variansie komponente vir die belangrike produksie, reproduksie en subjektiewe eienskappe in 'n Suid-Afrikaanse fyn wol hulpbronkudde, wat gevestig is op versoek van die Suid-Afrikaanse wolbedryf te bepaal. 'n Sekondêre doel was om die nageslag van hierdie diere onder veldtoestande te evalueer in gebiede waar die produksie van fynwol ongewoon is. Die Cradock fynwol Merino stoet is in 1988 gestig met die aankoop van ooie van produsente met die fynste skeersels in Suid-Afrika. Data wat ingesamel is vanaf 1988 tot 2010 is gebruik in die bepaling van (ko)variansie komponente vir hierdie genetiese fynwolkudde. Die kwatifisering van die interafhanklikheid van veseldikte (VD) met produksie, reproduksie en subjektiewe eienskappe was die hoofdoel van die studie. Dit is duidelik uit die resultate van die studie dat VD `n hoogs oorerflike (0.63 ± 0.03) eienskap is, wat tot vinnige vordering in VD kan lei indien genoegsame fenotipiese variasie beskikbaar is tydens seleksie. Veseldikte is ongunstig gekorreleer met liggaamsgewig (0.30 ± 0.05), skoonvaggewig (0.24 ± 0.05) en reproduksie (0.59 ± 0.18), wat beteken dat seleksie vir ŉ verlaagde VD nadelige vordering in hierdie eienskappe tot gevolg kan hê. Ten spyte van hierdie ongunstige genetiese korrelasies was die genetiese vordering in die ekonomies belangrike eienskappe haalbaar in die kudde wat ondersoek is (- 0.129 ± 0.033). Die laasgenoemde resultate word ondersteun deur die bevindinge dat die nageslag van hierdie stoet se produksie en reproduksie ooreengestem het met medium wol diere onder veldtoestande. Die gevolgtrekking wat gemaak kan word uit die studie is dat VD verlaag kan word sonder nadelige gevolge in die ekonomies belangrike eienskappe, asook die van `n skaapboerdery onderneming. Om dit te vermag moet telers `n aanvaarbare benadering tot seleksie, gegrond op ekonomiese beginsels, volg.

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Akhter, Shahana. "Strategies for managing hazardous substances from industry in South Australia". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09enva315.pdf.

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Porter, Wade. "Potential for peanut production in southern Australia /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AFP/09afpp849.pdf.

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Burroughs, Gary Leslie. "The response to environmental economic drivers by civil engineering contractors in South Australia". Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envb972.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 91-93. Examines the response of two civil engineering construction contractors in South Australia to environmental economic conditions and market requirements using primarily an action research methodology whilst the researcher was engaged as the environmental manager at both corporations.

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Larwood, Andrew John. "Cleaner production : promoting and achieving it in the South Australian foundry industry". Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envl336.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 123-130. The literature search and the findings from the investigation have been used to provide recommendations for a sector specific cooperative approach using regulation, self-regulation, voluntary agreements, economic incentatives and educational/information strategies to promote and acheive cleaner production in the South Australian foundry industry.

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Makapela, Mbulelo Joseph. "An overview of the management practices for wool production amongst the communal farmers of the Hewu district in the Eastern Cape Province". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1009.

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The research was conducted in the Hewu area situated between Queenstown (20 km) and Whittlesea (15km) in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. In this area communal farming is practiced. Livestock and livestock products (wool) are the main sources of income. The farmers are mainly farming with Merino and Döhne Merino sheep. The lack of management systems (production, reproduction and management) for communal farmers resulted into ineffective communal farming defining the research problem. The research objectives set were: • To establish production norms for wool sheep. • To establish reproduction norms for wool sheep. • To establish effective management practices for wool sheep farmers. • To examine key constraints of wool sheep farmers. The farmers shear their sheep every 12 months usually in October of every year. The average wool production per sheep is 2.17kg. The clip averages a fineness of 19.1-20 micron. That is far below the wool production of the commercial farmers of the Eastern Cape who are producing between 4kg to 5kg per sheep at an average growing period of 12 months. The lack of proper fencing and camps causes major reproduction problems. The lambing percentage of the ewes is 94.85 percent. The weaning percentage referring to the reproductive efficiency of the mated ewes is only 17.24 percent. The survival rate of the lambs born alive is only 18.18 percent. Reproduction is the biggest problem of communal farms. Effective livestock- and grazing management systems for communal areas are essential for the successful development of farmers on communal grazing areas. Unfortunately the Hewu farmers still have many problems effecting their wool production and the production of lambs.

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Lemar, Susan. "Children of industry : boy labour, "apprenticeship" and the state in South Australia 1880-1917 /". Title page, contents and introduction only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arl548.pdf.

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Lim, Geok Hwee. "The role and effects of penalty rates in the hospitality industry of South Australia /". Adelaide : G. H. Lim, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09EC/09ecl7317.pdf.

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Libri sul tema "Wool industry South Australia"

Grattan, Michelle. Back on the wool track. Milsons Point, N.S.W: Vintage, 2004.

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McCormick, William A. The export woodchip industry of south east NSW: Major environmental issues. Barton, A.C.T: Dept. of the Parliamentary Library, 1986.

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Textile Institute (Manchester, England). Conference. Pre-print of conference proceedings: Textile Institute 1988 Annual World Conference, Sydney, Australia, 10-13 July. [Manchester, England]: Textile Institute, 1988.

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Court, Jane, John Webb Ware, Sue Hides e Noel Campbell. Sheep farming for meat & wool. Collingwood, Vic: CSIRO Publishing, 2010.

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Mines and Energy Resources South Australia. Petroleum Division. Petroleum exploration and development in South Australia. Eastwood, S. Aust: Publications Section, Mines and Energy Resources South Australia, 1997.

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Painter, Alison. Beer barons or bankrupts?: Early brewers in South Australia. [Clapham, South Australia]: Alison Painter, 2012.

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Webster, W. G. Soda by the ton: A story of alkali manufacture in South Australia by ICI (Australia). Henley Beach, S. Aust: Seaview Press, 2002.

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Ville, Simon P. The rural entrepreneurs: A history of the stock and station agent industry in Australia and New Zealand. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

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Breaking the sheep's back: The shocking true story of the decline and fall of the Australian wool industry. St Lucia, Qld: University of Queensland Press, 2011.

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Wallace-Carter, Evelyn. For they were fishers: The history of the fishing industry in South Australia. [Adelaide]: Amphitrite Pub. House, 1987.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Wool industry South Australia"

Sigala, Marianna. "The Transformational Power of Wine Tourism Experiences: The Socio-Cultural Profile of Wine Tourism in South Australia". In Social Sustainability in the Global Wine Industry, 57–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30413-3_5.

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Fowler, Madeline, e Lester-Irabinna Rigney. "Collaboration, Collision, and (Re)Conciliation: Indigenous Participation in Australia’s Maritime Industry—A Case Study from Point Pearce/Burgiyana, South Australia". In When the Land Meets the Sea, 53–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48787-8_4.

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Ahlqvist, Toni, John Kettle, Ville Valovirta e Nafty Vanderhoek. "Strategic Roadmapping as a Policy Tool for Meso-Level Industrial Transformation". In Global Perspectives on Achieving Success in High and Low Cost Operating Environments, 172–207. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5828-8.ch007.

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This chapter illustrates the use of strategic roadmapping as a policy tool for regions or industry sectors to formulate a strategy to renew and transform their industrial base when faced with structural decline, diminishing opportunities, and intensifying competitive pressures. This approach is illustrated by the case study of the forest and wood products industry in the Green Triangle region in the southeast of South Australia, both the road maps produced and the staged policy recommendations made for immediate, short, and long-term action. The chapter concludes by summarising the key arguments for the use of strategic roadmapping as policy tool for industrial transformation, and identifying some future avenues for strategic roadmapping in the forest and wood products industry and in manufacturing industry in general.

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McLean, Ian W. "Becoming Very Rich". In Why Australia Prospered. Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691154671.003.0005.

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This chapter looks at how the gold rushes beginning in the 1850s brought not only a diversification of the economic basis of prosperity beyond that provided by the wool industry, but coincided with the de facto political independence of five of the Australian colonies through their attainment of responsible government from Britain. Critical to the maintenance and extension of prosperity during these turbulent years was the way in which the shock to the economy of the gold discoveries was mediated by the evolving economic and political institutions. Gold continued to be important to prosperity for several decades, while a resumption of the expansion of the wool industry was matched by the development of other branches of agriculture.

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Stubbs, Brett J. "Brewing Industry Concentration and the Introduction of the Beer Excise in Australia and New Zealand in the Late Nineteenth Century". In New Developments in the Brewing Industry, 138–66. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198854609.003.0007.

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In the Australian colonies and in New Zealand, British colonization was followed by the development of a flourishing brewing industry. Brewery numbers peaked in each colony in the late nineteenth century. The industry contracted subsequently to a small number of dominant cities, achieving high levels of concentration by the early twentieth century. One significant factor promoting concentration was the beer excise, introduced in each colony in the late nineteenth century. When six colonies combined in 1901 to create the Commonwealth of Australia, the federal government took responsibility for taxation of beer production, adopting a uniform excise rate and applying harsher administrative requirements that affected smaller breweries disproportionately. The operation of the beer excise in each of the Australian colonies (New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia, and Queensland) and in New Zealand, and the later uniform federal tax in Australia, are considered as factors promoting industry concentration.

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Beinart, William, e Lotte Hughes. "Sheep, Pastures, and Demography in Australia". In Environment and Empire. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199260317.003.0011.

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Succeeding phases of British economic growth prompted strikingly different imperatives for expansion, for natural resource exploitation, and for the social organization of extra-European production. In the eighteenth century, sugar, African slaves, and shipping in the Atlantic world provided one major dynamic of empire. But in the nineteenth century, antipodean settlement and trade, especially that resulting from expanding settler pastoral frontiers, was responsible for some of the most dramatic social and environmental transformations. Plantations occupied relatively little space in the new social geography of world production. By contrast, commercial pastoralism, which took root most energetically in the temperate and semi-arid regions of the newly conquered world, was land-hungry but relatively light in its demands for labour. The Spanish Empire based in Mexico can be considered a forerunner. By the 1580s, within fifty years of their introduction, there were an estimated 4.5 million merino sheep in the Mexican highlands. The livestock economy, incorporating cattle as well as sheep, spread northwards through Mexico to what became California by the eighteenth century. Settler intrusions followed in the vast landmasses of southern Latin America, southern Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. Australia was one of the last-invaded of these territories, and, in respect of the issues that we are exploring, was in some senses distinctive. Unlike Canada and South Africa, there was no long, slow period of trade and interaction with the indigenous population; like the Caribbean, the Aboriginal people were quickly displaced by disease and conquest. The relative scale of the pastoral economy was greater than in any other British colony. Supply of meat and dairy products to rapidly growing ports and urban centres was one priority for livestock farmers. Cattle ranching remained a major feature of livestock production in Australia. Bullock-carts, not dissimilar to South African ox-wagons, were essential for Australian transport up to the 1870s. But for well over a century, from the 1820s to the 1950s and beyond, sheep flooded the southern lands. Although mutton became a significant export from New Zealand and South America, wool was probably the major product of these pastoral hinterlands—and a key focus of production in Australia and South Africa. The growth in antipodean sheep numbers was staggering.

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LEIGH, J., e A. N. WILES. "FACTORS AFFECTING PREVALENCE OF MUCUS HYPERSECRETION AND AIRFLOW OBSTRUCTION IN THE COAL INDUSTRY OF NEW SOUTH WALES, AUSTRALIA". In Inhaled Particles VI, 1186–88. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-034185-9.50143-1.

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Kruger, H. "Industry-Driven Area-Wide Management of Queensland Fruit Fly in Queensland and New South Wales, Australia: Can it Work?" In Area-Wide Integrated Pest Management, 693–708. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003169239-39.

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Thorpe, David, e Steven Goh. "Study of SME Innovation in Two Queensland Industries". In Innovation in Business and Enterprise, 240–59. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-643-8.ch016.

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This chapter describes research in innovation in smaller SME firms in Southern Queensland, Australia. The industries selected for this study were micro manufacturing in the Darling Downs Region and domestic building constructions in South East Queensland. Results of this research and its implications for innovation in the SME industry sector are discussed. While the firms studied, and the research methodology used, were quite different in each case, it was found that there were common factors that aided and inhibited innovation in each industry. These factors have implications for SME firms in other industries. Suggestions are made in the chapter with respect to the ongoing facilitation of innovation in such firms.

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Spoehr, John. "Foundations for Industrial Rejuvenation". In Global Perspectives on Achieving Success in High and Low Cost Operating Environments, 72–110. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5828-8.ch003.

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Drawing on a body of research examining the economic and social effects of downturns and major manufacturing plant closures in Australia and South Australia in particular, this chapter investigates how industrial rejuvenation strategies can help to minimise the negative impacts on the workforce and supply chains affected. The chapter identifies key lessons from the national and international literature on industrial rejuvenation and the management of major closures. Industrial rejuvenation is a multi-faceted strategy that seeks to manage pressures and complex change in response to local, national, and global conditions. The chapter focuses on the evidence about the strategic options for industrial rejuvenation available to government in partnership with industry, trade union, and community stakeholders. The chapter concludes by drawing out some broad strategic implications for the design of more integrated rejuvenation and regeneration policies.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Wool industry South Australia"

Gardner, John C. H., M. Reza Hosseini, Raufdeen Rameezdeen e Nicholas Chileshe. "Building Information Modelling (BIM) Education in South Australia: Industry Needs". In International Conference on Engineering, Project, and Production Management. Association of Engineering, Project, and Production Management, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32738/ceppm.201411.0030.

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Parker, Rob, e Nick Parkhurst. "Perth, Western Australia Regional Headquarters for Companies Servicing The Australian and South East Asian Petroleum Industry". In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/8634-ms.

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Ancich, Eric, Maria Rashidi, Peter Buckley e Maryam Ghodrat. "Review of the Most Common Repair Techniques for Reinforced Concrete Structures in Coastal Areas". In IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0370.

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<p>Asset managers are faced with the challenge of maintaining concrete structures in coastal environment, within the financial constraints of maintenance budget allocations, such that they remain functionally and structurally safe for the remainder of their design lives. For these reasons concrete remediation is fast becoming an important component of asset management in coastal areas. This research describes remediation techniques and practice currently being employed by prominent public and private organisations responsible for maintaining concrete structures in the Illawarra region (New South Wales, Australia). These common remediation techniques range from conventional restoration, cathodic protection and structural strengthening. The research also considers the underlying factors used to evaluate the effectiveness of these techniques and practices. A model of good practice for concrete remediation in the Illawarra is developed from the literature and industry research undertaken. This model is developed for concrete suffering deterioration caused by the corrosion of steel reinforcement and is aimed to provide intelligent concrete remediation options based on sound principles and industry knowledge.</p>

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Frischknecht, Bart D., e Kate Whitefoot. "Defining Technology-Adoption Indifference Curves for Residential Solar Electricity Generation Using Stated Preference Experiments". In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48007.

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Success in achieving environmental goals is intrinsically dependent on policy decisions, firm decisions, and consumer decisions. Understanding how consumer product adoption jointly depends on policy incentives and firm design decisions is necessary for both firms and governments to make optimal decisions. This paper demonstrates a methodology for assessing the linkage between policy incentives and firm decisions on the level of consumer adoption of a particular technology. A policy optimization is formulated and technology-adoption indifference curves are constructed to allow firms to identify the most profitable direction for product development given the policy environment, and similarly to allow government organizations to set policies that maximize technology adoption given firm decisions. As an example we use the residential solar electricity industry in New South Wales, Australia. Consumer choice is modeled using a mixed logit choice model estimated with hierarchical Bayes techniques from stated preference experiment data.

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Bray, Don E., e G. S. Gad. "Establishment of an NDE Center at the Papua New Guinea University of Technology: Scope and Objectives". In ASME 1997 Turbo Asia Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-aa-065.

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Papua New Guinea lies just north of Australia (Fig. 1). It is a developing island nation, with 462,839 km of land area, a population of 3.9 million people, and vast natural resources (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia, 1996). It is the largest island in the Oceania region of the world, which also includes Fiji, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. Most of these islands share similar resources, and prudent development of the resources requires utilization of nondestructive evaluation (NDE). NDE provides the means for flaw detection and size assessment, as well as evaluation of material degradation such as corrosion and hydrogen attack. These are factors which affect the service life of components and systems. Being aware of the state of degradation of these components and systems will enable cost effective maintenance, and reduce costly and dangerous failures. Recognizing the need for NDE expertise, the Papua New Guinea University of Technology at Lae has initiated a Center for Nondestructive Evaluation. Once operational, the center should serve the entire Oceania region, and provide resources, trained students and expertise that will enable the growth of the NDE industry within that area. It is widely accepted that NDE adds value to a product or process, not just cost. The amount of value is directly related to the engineering education of the personnel making NDE decisions. The growth of the NDE industry in these South Pacific Islands will add to the economy, as well as aid in the further creation of a population of engineers who are well educated in NDE.

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Smith-Briggs, Jane, Dave Wells, Tommy Green, Andy Baker, Martin Kelly e Richard Cummings. "The Australian National Radioactive Waste Repository: Environmental Impact Statement and Radiological Risk Assessment". In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4865.

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The Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for the proposed Australian National Repository for low and short-lived intermediate level radioactive waste was submitted to Environment Australia for approval in the summer of 2002 and has subsequently undergone a consultancy phase with comments sought from all relevant stakeholders. The consultancy period is now closed and responses to the comments have been prepared. This paper describes some of the issues relevant to determining the radiological risk associated with the repository to meet the requirements of the EIS. These include a brief description of the three proposed sites, a description of the proposed trench design, an analysis of the radioactive waste inventory, the proposed approach to developing waste acceptance criteria (WAC) and the approach taken to determine radiological risks during the post-institutional control phase. The three potential sites for the repository are located near the Australian Department of Defence site at Woomera, South Australia. One site is inside the Defense site and two are located nearby, but outside of the site perimeter. All have very similar, but not identical, topographical, geological and hydrogeological characteristics. A very simple trench design has been proposed 15 m deep and with 5 m of cover. One possible variant may be the construction of deeper borehole type vaults to dispose of the more active radioactive sources. A breakdown of the current and predicted future inventory will be presented. The current wastes are dominated in terms of volume by some contaminated soils, resulting from experiments to extract U and Th, and by the operational wastes from the HIFAR research reactor at ANSTO. A significant proportion of the radionuclide inventory is associated with small volumes of sources held by industry, medical, research and defence organisations. The proposed WAC will be described. These are based on the current Australian guidelines and best international practice. The preliminary radiological risk assessment considered the post-institutional control phase in detail with some 12 scenarios being assessed. These include the impact of potential climate change in the region. The results from the risk assessment will be presented and discussed. The assessment work is continuing and will support the license application for construction and operation of the site. Please note that this is not the final assessment for the licence application.

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