Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Wood/bamboo materials"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Wood/bamboo materials":
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Qanytah, Khaswar Syamsu, Farah Fahma e Gustan Pari. "Structure analysis of three non-wood materials for liner paper". Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 34, n. 4 (18 novembre 2019): 453–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2019-0043.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The potential use of sago pith waste, bamboo, and water hyacinth based on the characteristics of raw materials to make liner paper were studied. The analysis conducted covered the analysis of physical characteristics, chemical components, morphology (SEM), functional groups (FTIR), and crystallinity (XRD). The pulp from the three kinds of fiber was molded into paper with a certain formulation. The parameters of pulp and paper observed covered the alkaline consumption, Kappa number, pulp yield, and paper physical characteristics (grammage, bursting strength, Ring Crush Test/RCT, water content, and water absorption). The chosen paper was the paper whose characteristics resembled the quality parameter of liner paper used by the paper industry and the standard in accordance with the Indonesia’s National Standard (SNI) 14-0095-1996. The microscope images showed that the three said raw materials have long fibers: sago pith waste and water hyacinth has fibers measuring respectively 1.89±0.90 and 2.07±0.39 mm, resembling hard wood, whereas bamboos have longer fibers measuring 4.61±0.72 mm, resembling soft wood. Bamboos have the best fiber composition and characteristics for pulp and liner paper. The two paper formulas that meet the criteria for liner paper are bamboo and bamboo+water hyacinth.
2
Supriadi, A., e D. R. Trisatya. "Engineered bamboo: The promising material for building and construction application in Indonesia". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 886, n. 1 (1 novembre 2021): 012040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/886/1/012040.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract There is a rising gap between supply and demand of wood as building and construction materials. The search of alternative materials to fill in the gap is an urgent concern. Bamboo is one of locally abundant resources; 88 out of 135 species growth in Indonesia is an endemic. It is a renewably material and has comparable characteristics to wood. Notable efforts to reduce the variability of raw bamboo have led to the improved physical and mechanical properties of the engineered bamboo. Laminated bamboo and hybrid laminated bamboo-wood had superior wood strength in comparison to the raw materials. Laminated bamboo produced from andong (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea (Steud.) Widjaja), mayan (Gigantochloa robusta Kurz), vertically laminated andong bamboo comparable to wood strength class I, I-II and II, respectively. Furthermore, hybrid laminated bamboo-wood andong-manii (Maesopsis eminii Engl.), andong-mayan-jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq.) comparable to wood strength class II and III, respectively. The properties improvement of engineered bamboo demonstrates the potential application of laminated bamboo as a substitution for building and construction material.
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Nguyen, Thanh Nam, Tuyen Vo e Tran Van Hung. "Study on the Effects of Technology Parameters on the Water Absorption and the Thickness Swelling of the Pressed Bamboo Pulp Plywood". Key Engineering Materials 863 (settembre 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.863.1.
Abstract (sommario):
The application of bamboo by-products such as bamboo branches, chips to recycle and produce pressed bamboo pulp is an urgent task in Vietnam. It perfectly replaces natural wood with artificial wood embryos from bamboo powder, which has both economic benefits of reserving the source of raw materials, environmental protection... The paper presents a study of the influence of technological parameters on the water absorption and swelling thickness of pressed bamboo pulp plywood in order to ameliorate the quality of pressed bamboo pulp plywood in production of new materials for civil engineering with environmentally friendly bamboo wood pulp materials.
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Sathish, T., S. Dinesh Kumar, M. Ravichandran, V. Mohanavel, S. Suresh Kumar, Sivanraju Rajkumar e Ram Subbiah. "Waste Food Cans Waste Bamboo Wood Based AA8079/SS304/Bamboo Wood Ash Hybrid Nanocomposite for Food Packaging". Key Engineering Materials 928 (16 agosto 2022): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-9lpz3q.
Abstract (sommario):
Nowadays life style practices demand more packed foods in the market around the world. In this trend increases the demand for researches on developing new packaging materials. In this research focuses novel AA8079/ SS304/ Wood ash hybrid nanocomposites development for meeting packaging related applications. The materials like aluminum alloy AA8079 (matrix material) obtained from waste food cans, Nanoparticles of stainless steel SS304 and Nanoparticles of Wood ash which obtained from waste bamboo woods were utilized to compose through stir casting process. Two set of Six different novel AA8079/ SS304/ Wood ash hybrid nanocomposites by varying the reinforcement from 0 wt.% to 10 wt.% with the step of 2 wt.% in the AA8079 matrix. The prepared composites included for examinations to test their Ultimate Tensile strength, yield strength, percentage of elongation, shear strength and hardness properties. Apart from this, the effect of heat treatment and annealing on strength of developed novel AA8079/ SS304/ Wood ash hybrid nanocomposites were investigated.
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Trisatya, D. R., M. Iqbal e I. M. Sulastiningsih. "Enhancing the properties of damar (Agathis loranthifolia Salisb.) wood by making hybrid bamboo-wood composite". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 914, n. 1 (1 novembre 2021): 012066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/914/1/012066.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of laminated bamboo and damar (Agathis loranthifolia Salisb.) wood as the core layer of the bamboo-damar hybrid composite beam. Andong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea (Steud.) Widjaja) and mayan bamboo (Gigantochloa robusta Kurz.) were used as the face and back layers of the beam, glued with isocyanate adhesive. Four types of composite beam were produced with various number of laminated bamboo layers. Results showed that the four layers (two layers for each face and back sides) laminated andong bamboo performed superior mechanical properties than others hybrid composite beam, while the four layers (two layers for each face and back sides) laminated mayan bamboo demonstrated the highest compression and bonding strength. The density, MOR, MOE and compression strength of the hybrid composite beam improved 31.3%, 25.95%, 37.81% and 25.12%, respectively, as the outcomes of the incorporation of laminated andong bamboo on the outer layers of the damar board. This paper proves that the number of laminated bamboo layers enhances the properties of the bamboo-damar hybrid composite beam. Furthermore, it shows promising result for complementing furniture and interior design materials as the bamboo-damar hybrid composite beam has remarkable properties.
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Arsad, Effendi. "KARAKTERISTIK SERTA PENGEMBANGAN PENGGUNAAN KAYU KARET DAN BAMBU UNTUK BAHAN BAKU PERUMAHAN RAKYAT DAN INDUSTRI". Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan 4, n. 1 (1 luglio 2012): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24111/jrihh.v4i1.1200.
Abstract (sommario):
Rubber wood and bamboo is an important natural resource to be developed as residential and industrial raw materials which are the raw material of commercial products. The presence of rubber wood and bamboo needs to be supported by the preservation and processing industry in order to be optimally utilized. Rubber wood has physical properties, mechanical and chemical equivalent of natural forest wood. properties of rubber wood used in rural as well fuel wood rafters to corral. While bamboo also has certain advantages compared to wood because it is easily preserved, processed and have a high elasticity While bamboo is used as a wall of the house after the split and created a kind of bamboo called palupuhan/gedek. Made simple, just the process of drying in the hot sun. Durability palupuhan/gedek could reach 10 years, but must be used in place are protected from rain. Without is bamboo used in as rafters to corral, ring, rafter and raw material of fishery.Keywords : rubber wood, bamboo, potency, characteristic, preservative.
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Hartono, Rudi, Jajang Sutiawan, Dede Hermawan, Santiyo Wibowo e Deni Zulfiana. "Termite and decay resistances of Sumatran elephant dung-based particleboard modified with wood shavings and bamboo layering". BioResources 18, n. 3 (2 giugno 2023): 5073–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.3.5073-5084.
Abstract (sommario):
Elephant dung (ED) particleboard (PB) still has subpar physical and mechanical qualities. In earlier research, adding wood shavings and bamboo layers to ED-derived PB successfully enhanced its physical and mechanical qualities. However, the resistance to termites and decay of this PB is still unknown. Therefore, this study examines the resistances to termites and decay of the PBs from ED fiber-modified with wood shavings and bamboo layering. ED and wood shavings were distributed throughout the PB in ratios of 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50 (w/w %). Meanwhile, tali bamboo (Gigantochloa apus), talang bamboo (Schizostachyum brachycladum), kuning bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris), belangke bamboo (Gigantochloa pruriens), and betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) were the materials used in this study. These findings demonstrated that adding wood shavings could improve PB’s resistance to termite and decay attacks. However, in this investigation, the layering of bamboo diminishes the PB’s resistance to termite and decay attack. A 50/50 ratio between ED and wood shavings achieved slightly higher termite mortality and lower weight loss than others. Meanwhile, kuning bamboo had lower termite mortality and higher weight loss than others.
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Antonov, Svetlin, Nguyen Thanh Nam, Tran Trong Hy e Le Khanh Dien. "A Study on the Effects of Technical Parameters on the Tensile Strength of Bamboo Plywood". E3S Web of Conferences 207 (2020): 05004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020705004.
Abstract (sommario):
The application of bamboo by-products such as bamboo branches, chips to recycle and produce pressed bamboo pulp is an urgent task in Vietnam. It perfectly replaces natural wood with artificial wood embryos from bamboo powder, which has both economic benefits of reserving the source of raw materials, environmental protection The paper presents a study on the influence of technological parameters on the tensile strength of pressed bamboo plastic fiber that is a new product of a project of our laboratory.
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Sujito, S., Hanim Munawaroh e Endhah Purwandari. "Mechanical Properties and Biodegradability of Bamboo and Sengon Wood Thin Sheets Reinforced Poly Latic Acid (PLA) Biocomposites)". Jurnal ILMU DASAR 14, n. 2 (16 luglio 2014): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jid.v14i2.513.
Abstract (sommario):
Development of biocomposite materials based on natural fibers and environmentally friendly resins to replace composite materials made from plastic and synthetic fibers give the consideration that the biocomposite materials are environmentally friendly materials. In this paper, we discuss the synthesis and characterization of biocomposite materials using a combination of thin sheets of bamboo reinforcement and resin sengon and poly lactic acid (PLA). As controls were also carried out the synthesis and characterization of biocomposite material with a thin layer of reinforcement only sengon bamboo and wood. Characterization of tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of the material is done by using the Tensile Test Machine ASTM D 638. In the mean time, biodegradability of materials are observed made by the method of burial for 1-4 weeks. Tensile test results show that the biocomposite material reinforced with a thin sheet bamboo has a tensile strength and modulus of elasticity greater than that of the other biocomposite materials produced in this study. Meanwhile, biocomposite materials with thin layers of wood sengon reinforced easily biodegradable (dG = 13.21 ± 0.59)%, compared to a biocomposite material with a thin layer of bamboo reinforcement (dG = 10.69 ± 0.79)%. From these results it can be concluded that the composite material with a thin layer of bamboo boosters are more likely to be applied to replace metallic materials.Keywords: Biocomposites, tensile strength, elastic modulus, biodegradability, bamboo and sengon wood thin layer.
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Hong, Pei Fen. "Furniture Materials Research in Kinmen". Advanced Materials Research 1091 (febbraio 2015): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1091.45.
Abstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study is to explore furniture materials and feature in Kinmen of Taiwan. The methods include document analysis , field research and interview. The results indicate that kinmen furniture materials commonly used china-fir and another bamboo, china tree and Taiwan acacia, and in terms of the material properties of wood, Taiwan acacia the highest hardness, but poor drying and processing, the other hand fir, china-fir and bamboo materials, due to easy drying and processing, so it is a higher probability of use. However, the Golden Gate itself does not produce china-fir, wood sources and more from the Chinese mainland shipping from, then ask China to Kinmen master production, or direct purchase ready-made furniture in China.
Tesi sul tema "Wood/bamboo materials":
1
Archila, Santos Hector Fabio. "Thermo-hydro-mechanically modified cross-laminated Guadua-bamboo panels". Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.675700.
Abstract (sommario):
Guadua angustifolia Kunth (Guadua) is a bamboo species native to South and Central America that has been widely used for structural applications in small and large-scale buildings, bridges and temporary structures. Currently, its structural use is regulated within seismic resistant building codes in countries such as Peru and Colombia. Nevertheless, Guadua remains a material for vernacular construction associated with high levels of manual labour and structural unpredictability. Guadua buildings are limited to two storeys due to the overall flexibility of the slender and hollow culms and its connection systems. Its axial specific stiffness is comparable to that of steel and hardwoods, but unlike wood, Guadua’s hollow structure and lack of ray cells render it prone to buckling along the grain and to transverse crushing. As a result, Guadua’s mainstream use in construction and transformation into standard sizes or engineered Guadua products is scarce. Therefore, this work focussed on the development of standardised flat industrial structural products from Guadua devising replicable manufacturing technologies and engineering methods to measure and predict their mechanical behaviour. Cross-laminated Guadua panels were developed using thermohydro-mechanically modified and laminated flat Guadua strips glued with a high performance resin. Guadua was subjected to thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) treatments that modified its microstructure and mechanical properties. THM treatment was applied to Guadua with the aim of tackling the difficulties in the fabrication of standardised construction materials and to gain a uniform fibre content profile that facilitated prediction of mechanical properties for structural design. Densified homogenous flat Guadua strips (FGS) were obtained. Elastic properties of FGS were determined in tension, compression and shear using small-clear specimens. These properties were used to predict the structural behaviour of G-XLam panels comprised of three and five layers (G-XLam3 and G-XLam5) by numerical methods. The panels were assumed as multi-layered systems composed of contiguous lamellas with orthotropic axes orientated at 0º and 90º. A finite element (FE) model was developed, and successfully simulated the response of G-XLam3 & 5 panels virtually loaded with the same boundary conditions as the following experimental tests on full-scale panels. G-XLam3 and G-XLam5 were manufactured and their mechanical properties evaluated by testing large specimens in compression, shear and bending. Results from numerical, FE predictions and mechanical testing demonstrated comparable results. Finally, design and manufacturing aspects of the G-XLam panels were discussed and examples of their architectural and structural use in construction applications such as mid-rise buildings, grid shells and vaults are presented. Overall, this research studies THM treatments applied to Guadua in order to produce standardised engineered Guadua products (EGP), and provides guidelines for manufacturing, testing, and for the structural analysis and design with G-XLam panels. These factors are of key importance for the use of Guadua as a mainstream material in construction.
2
Miskalo, Eugênio Polistchuk. "Avaliação do potencial de utilização de bambu (Dendrocalamus giganteus) na produção de painéis de partículas orientadas". Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2009. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/182.
Abstract (sommario):
O consumo de painéis de madeiras reconstituídas tem se tornado crescente, implicando, por conseqüência, na utilização de madeiras oriundas de reflorestamentos, tradicionalmente de Pinus e Eucalyptus, constituídos por fibras longas e curtas respectivamente, exigindo a ampliação e a reposição de áreas de plantios de forma acelerada. Neste trabalho, o objetivo é avaliar o potencial da utilização de bambu como alternativa para fabricação de painéis de partículas orientadas – OSB (Oriented Strand Board). A espécie de bambu estudada foi o Dendrocalamus giganteus, constituída por fibras médias. Foram produzidos painéis com teores de 4, 6 e 8% de resina à base de fenol-formaldeído. A parte experimental foi dividida em duas etapas. A primeira teve por finalidade conhecer a variação de densidade com a altura relativa do bambu, de forma a separar partículas com características distintas, e proceder a escolha da parte do colmo com densidade mais próxima da indicada por MALONEY, a fim de confeccionar os painéis com características similares às de OSB de Pinus, utilizando a mesma técnica de fabricação. Para a segunda etapa foi utilizado um planejamento experimental para a obtenção de painéis de bambu com partículas com duas orientações de corte e três quantidades de adesivo. Os ensaios físicos e mecânicos dos painéis foram executados em conformidade com as normas EN 300/93 européia e ASTM 1037-1996, americana. Os resultados indicaram que painéis feitos com o corte do bambu na direção tangencial com 6% de resina é o mais adequado para a produção em escala, visto o seu maior rendimento e ao seu comportamento mecânico ser comparável ao de OSB comercial, segundo as normas citadas.The consumption of restored wood boards has increased, bringing along the use of woods derived from reforestation, traditionally from Pinus and Eucalyptus, composed of long and short fibers respectively, which demand the enlargement and replacement of the plantation areas quickly. In this essay, the main objective was to measure the potential application of the bamboo as an alternative to make boards of Oriented Strand Board – OSB. The kind of bamboo studied was the Dendrocalamus giganteus, which is made of medium strands. Boards were produced with 4, 6 and 8% contents of phenol-formaldehyde resin. The experimental work was divided in two stages. The purpose of the first stage was to study the variation of density and the relative highness of the bamboo studied, in order to separate particles with different characteristics, and proceed the selection of the stem part with density more similar to the one indicated by MALONEY, with the purpose of making boards with similar characteristics to Pinus OSB boards, using the same production technique. On the second stage, experimental planning was applied to obtain bamboo boards of particles with two slit orientation and three numbers of adhesive. The physical and mechanical tests were performed according to the European patterns EN 300/93 and American patterns ASTM 1037-1996. The results indicated that the boards made in bamboo at the tangential direction at 6% of resin is the most appropriate to produce on a large scale, considering that its yield and mechanical behavior is comparable to commercial OSB, in agreement to quoted patterns.
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RAMBO, CARLOS R. "Sintese e caracterizacao de ceramicas biomorficas". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2001. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10973.
Abstract (sommario):
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
4
He, Qian. "Étude sur le mécanisme d'activation du bois/bambou/adhésif et amélioration du collage induit par le champ électrique à haute tension". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0147.
Abstract (sommario):
Dans cette étude, les équipements avancés ont été sélectionnés afin d’étudier les effets de l’HVEF sur les propriétés physicochimiques du bois et du bambou, les effets du HVEF sur la structure chimique et les propriétés rhéologiques des adhésifs sous une série de paramètres HVEF. L’effet d’agrégation de l’adhésif à l’interface de liaison induite par HVEF a également été révélé et le modèle de prédiction micro-mécanique est établi. Les principales conclusions de cette étude sont les suivantes : 1. Après le traitement HVEF, l’activité de surface du bois et du bambou a augmenté de manière significative. De plus, avec l’augmentation de la tension/temps, les radicaux libres de surface, le rapport O/C et le nombre de groupes oxygène augmentaient de manière significative tandis que l’angle de contact diminuait. 2. Avec l’augmentation de la tension / temps, des réactions intermoléculaires significativement améliorées de la résine d’urée formaldéhyde et de la résine de phénol formaldéhyde ont été obtenues. Après un traitement de 60 kV/8 minutes, un incrément significatif des pics caractéristiques des groupes Cu2012O a été obtenu. Sous le traitement de HVEF, la dépendance de température/fréquence des comportements rhéologiques des deux résines a changé de manière significative. Par conséquent, le degré de polymérisation intermoléculaire du phénol formaldéhyde et de la résine d’urée formaldéhyde peut être considérablement amélioré et la viscoélasticité de la résine peut être améliorée sous traitement HVEF. 3. Après le traitement de HVEF, la distribution de l’adhésif à l’interphase de liaison était continue et uniforme. La profondeur de pénétration a été considérablement réduite. La densité et la force de liaison à l’interphase de liaison ont été sensiblement augmentées, et le taux de délamination a été réduit. Après traitement, la densité maximale à interphase est 1081 kg/m3, qui était 32% plus haut que le contrôle. La force de collage est passée de 0,66 MPa à 1,25 MPa et le taux de bris du bois a augmenté à 85 %, et le taux de délamination a diminué à 5,97 %. Pour le matériau en bambou, la résistance de liaison a été significativement améliorée après le traitement HVEF. La force de liaison de la peau de bambou et de la peau de bambou était de 9,51MPa, et le rapport de défaillance de bambou était de 60%. Dans la combinaison de la moelle de bambou et de la moelle de bambou, le taux de défaillance maximal de bambou était de 85%, qui a été augmenté de 70%. Par conséquent, dans le cadre du traitement HVEF, la distribution continue et uniforme des adhésifs interphasés de liaison peut être obtenue, ce qui peut améliorer considérablement les performances de collage du composite de bambou de bois et est propice à l’utilisation efficace du composite de bambou de bois.4. Selon le profil de densité verticale à l’interface de liaison, le modèle de rigidité stratifiée et de distribution des contraintes de l’interface de liaison a été établi. Les résultats ont montré que l’erreur relative était inférieure à ±15 %. Sur la base du modèle de distribution, les propriétés mécaniques macroscopiques du composite sont prédites avec la combinaison de la mécanique composite et de la théorie des plaques stratifiées, y compris le module élastique, la résistance à la flexion, le module de cisaillement et la résistance au cisaillement. Les résultats ont montré que l’erreur de prédiction des propriétés mécaniques est inférieure à 30%. Avec le modèle de distribution de rigidité et de résistance, l’effet du traitement HVEF peut être caractérisé quantitativement et les propriétés mécaniques des composites traités HVEF peuvent être prédites. En conséquence, le mécanisme de renforcement de la liaison interphase peut être révélé avec le modèle de distribution de la rigidité et de la résistanceIn this study, the advanced equipments were selected in order to investigate the effects of HVEF on the physicochemical properties of wood and bamboo, the effects of HVEF on the chemical structure and rheological properties of adhesives under a series of HVEF parameters. The aggregation effect of adhesive at bonding interface induced by HVEF has also been revealed and the micro-mechanical prediction model is established.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:1.After HVEF treatment, the surface activity of wood and bamboo increased significantly. Moreover, with the increase of voltage/time, the surface free radicals, O/C ratio and the number of oxygen groups increased significantly while the contact angle decreased. Under the condition of 60kV, the surface activity highly increased. The increment of free radicals was 26%, the decrease of initial contact angle was 22%, the decrease of equilibrium contact angle was 23%, the increment of free energy component was 43% ~ 75%, the increment of O/C ratio was 34%, the increment of oxygen-containing groups were 39% (C‒OH), 149% (C‒O or C=O) and 97% (O‒C=O), respectively. Therefore, under HVEF treatment, the physical and chemical properties of wood and bamboo can be significantly improved, which is conducive to improving the interphase properties of composite materials.2.With the increase of voltage/time, significantly improved inter-molecular reactions of urea formaldehyde resin and phenol formaldehyde resin were obtained. After 60kV/8 min treatment, significant increment of the characteristic peaks of C‒O groups were obtained. Under HVEF treatment, the temperature/frequency dependence of the rheological behaviors of the two resins changed significantly. Therefore, the degree of inter-molecular polymerization of phenol formaldehyde and urea formaldehyde resin can be significantly improved and the viscoelasticity of the resin can be improved under HVEF treatment.3.After HVEF treatment, the distribution of adhesive at the bonding interphase was continuous and uniform. The penetration depth was significantly reduced. The density and bonding strength at the bonding interphase were significantly increased, and the delamination rate was reduced. After treatment, the maximal density at interphase is 1081 kg/m3, which was 32% higher than the control. The bonding strength increased from 0.66MPa to 1.25MPa and the wood breaking rate increased to 85%, and the delamination rate decreased to 5.97%. For bamboo material, the bonding strength was significantly improved after HVEF treatment. The bonding strength of bamboo skin and bamboo skin was 9.51MPa, and the bamboo failure ratio was 60%. In the combination of bamboo pith and bamboo pith, the maximum bamboo failure ratio was 85%, which was increased by 70%. Therefore, under HVEF treatment, the continuous and uniform distribution of bonding interphase adhesives can be obtained, which can significantly improve the bonding performance of wood bamboo composite, and is conducive to the efficient utilization of wood bamboo composite.4. According to the vertical density profile at the bonding interface, the laminated stiffness and stress distribution model of the bonding interface has been established. The results showed that the relative error was less than ±15%. Based on the distribution model, the macroscopic mechanical properties of composite are predicted with the combination of composite mechanics and laminated plate theory, including elastic modulus, bending strength, shear modulus and shear strength. The results showed that the prediction error of mechanical properties is less than 30%. With the stiffness and strength distribution model, the effect of HVEF treatment can be quantitatively characterized and the mechanical properties of HVEF treated composites can be predicted. As a result, strengthening mechanism of bonding interphase can be revealed with the the stiffness and strength distribution model
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Sánchez, Vivas Lorena. "Bamboo as a Sustainable Engineering Material: Mechanical Properties, Safety Factors, and Experimental Testing". Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7925.
Abstract (sommario):
With exponential global population growth occurring and associated environmentally destructive consumption of natural resources, alternative materials that are fast growing and sustainable are being sought out to satisfy human needs. One material that is fast growing and sustainable that can be used to meet most basic needs of humans (i.e. shelter, food, tools) is the plant bamboo, of the grass family Poaceae. Bamboo was used in the past by native peoples who lived in the environment where bamboo natively grows (all continents except Europe and Antarctica) with proven success for uses such as shelter, piping, tools, wells, food, fencing, baskets and much more. These practices were mostly abandoned and deemed obsolete due to the introduction of long lasting ‘modern’ building materials of steel and concrete which gained popularity in the 1800s. Now, in the current century with much advancement in science, technology, and education, humanity is reconsidering many practices and returning to more ancient practices and ways that are better for human health, the environment, and overall sustainability.
These environmental considerations are drivers of this research, which focuses on how to use bamboo for engineering applications. First, in order to use a material for engineering and design applications, a material must be destructively tested to attain material property values. Therefore, a critical examination of the bamboo mechanical property values published literature was performed. It was found that although many scientists all over the world have been working on mechanical property testing of bamboo, their results have been published in different journals, in different languages, and had not yet been aggregated and compared. This led to the first study in this work that analyzed mechanical property data from 43 bamboo peer-reviewed publications written in English, Spanish, and Portuguese (the three main languages in which bamboo literature is published). This study focused on aggregating mechanical property values, establishing a range of values for each property as well as an average, and correlating the difference in property values to bamboo variables stated in bamboo literature (age, bamboo species, density, moisture content, post-harvest treatment, and testing standard employed). The five mechanical properties reviewed were: shear strength, compressive strength, tensile strength, bending strength / modulus of rupture (MOR), and modulus of elasticity (MOE) and their average values were 9 MPa, 52 MPa, 159 MPa, 120 MPa, and 16 GPa, respectively. Although a thorough graphical set of analyses were performed attempting to correlate the difference in mechanical property values to the previously listed variables, and only main variables found to influence strength values were moisture content and specific testing standard employed.
The results of the high range of mechanical property values with no variable with which to separate the results to lower the range, led to the second part of the research. It incorporated the high range of values reported in the literature but was able to establish safety factors and reduction factors alongside corresponding failure rates. This work allows for a designer to use bamboo culms choosing a failure rate he/she deems appropriate for structural bamboo construction. The analyses in this work were performed using Allowable Stress Design (ASD) and Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) equations applied to bamboo as well as Monte Carlo statistical analyses for verification. The raw data and statistically analyzed data of 25 publications were used for this analysis, yielding 3806 strength test values (shear strength, compressive strength, bending strength / modulus of rupture, and tensile strength). Shear strength safety factors ranged from 1.38-3.58 for failure ratios from 1:6-1:25000; compressive strength from 1.30-2.79; bending strength from 1.43-4.03; tensile strength from 1.66-7.43. No singular safety factor is suggested for design as that is due to the judgment of the designer of what failure ratio he/she deems appropriate for the specific application.
Although many compression tests have been performed on bamboo, there are no known tests which destructively test bamboo after an extended period of time after harvesting (more than ~3 months). This experiment conducted a field experiment to test the functionality of using bamboo for the application of installing bamboo wells to provide groundwater. The bamboo tested in the third part of the study was of two species, Dendrocalamus giganteus and Dendrocalamus asper half of which were 1) air-dried in a laboratory for 3.5 years and the other half of which was 2) inserted in the ground as bamboo wells. The bamboo culms (or poles) had been separately treated in three different ways right after cutting: 1/3 with a borax and boric acid solution (most conventional treatment in the industry), 1/3 with coconut oil (experimental treatment in the literature), and 1/3 air-dried, a non-treated control. Bamboo wells are said to be used in ancient times as well as in more recent applications in the 1990s in India by small scale farmers. The publication of bamboo well studies have been very few and nearly no scientific analyses had been performed on them. Therefore, six bamboo wells were assembled and installed at the University of South Florida Geopark, the first of their kind in the U.S. These wells were half of species D. giganteus and half of species D. asper and also treated individually using the three different treatments described above. The wells were monitored for pH and presence of leached boron for a 3.5-year monitoring period and then removed. Upon removal, the bamboo well casings were examined for molds present as well as by mechanical compression testing to assess degradation in comparison to each other (of different treatments) and to air-dried control samples maintained in the laboratory for 3.5 years. The mold fc. Acrodictys was observed to cover the entire inner portion of the bamboo (inner diameter), from the surface level up to the water table. The lab air-dried control samples had compression strength and compressive modulus of elasticity values correlating to those found in the literature, 44-90 MPa (72 MPa average) and 15-31 GPa, respectively. Removed well samples exhibited compressive strengths and compressive modulus of elasticity values of 22-61 MPa (39 MPa average) and 7-25 GPa, respectively. This study revealed that bamboo wells were feasible and although their compressive strengths lowered by around a half after being in the ground for 3.5 years, their compressive strength and compressive modulus of elasticity values were still in the range of bamboo tested in the literature.
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Trela, Wiktoria 1992. "Ecological materials for interior design use : impact of wood and recycling materials, for people lives and the environment". Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/35128.
Abstract (sommario):
Ecological materials are materials that have good performance, manufacture methods, application and are recycled, while having only a low impact on the environment and being safe for their users. Eco friendly-materials can be separated into different categories and hold recyclable materials, materials which are free from dangerous substances, materials made with low energy consumption, made in clean conditions, materials that chasten contaminated air and water and materials which are competent and resource-saving while still granting high representation. Materials that we use in our surrounding have a big effect on how we notice and see our the area around us and how it affects us. By progressive educating on the benefits of a non-toxic environment
on our health and comfort, positive changes can be implemented in all areas of human lives, with environmentally friendly houses being at the center of attention. The use of appropriate materials in interiors can help create relaxing, healthy atmosphere in homes that is propitious to a feeling of well-being. According to a study on the environmental impact on mental health, humans prefer natural landscape to an artificial scenery. Contact with nature has tremendous effect on stress levels, well-being and overall health
in humans. Second part of this work is investigating wood and recyclable materials. The most commonly used and understood material in interior design is wood. Wood is strong, natural, aesthetic, organic, readily accessible, lightweight and simple material to work. There are many different colors, textures, patterns, which gives many possibilities to use
wood in interior design. When discussing ecological materials, it is necessary to
mention recyclable materials. Global Recycling Network defines recycling as a
’Process by which materials that would otherwise become solid waste are collected, separated or processed and returned to the economic mainstream to be reused in the form of raw materials or finished goods.’’(Robbins, 2007) It means that recycling changes wastes into resource. There are many benefits of this process such as environmental, economical or social. Recycling is mostly associated with materials like wood, metal, glass, plastics and paper
Libri sul tema "Wood/bamboo materials":
1
Frank, Kuhnle, a cura di. Timber as construction material in developing countries. Stuttgart, Federal Republic of Germany: Informationszentrum Raum u. Bau d. Fraunhofer-Ges., 1989.
2
Shao, Zhuoping, e Fuli Wang. The Fracture Mechanics of Plant Materials: Wood and Bamboo. Springer, 2018.
3
Shao, Zhuoping, e Fuli Wang. The Fracture Mechanics of Plant Materials: Wood and Bamboo. Springer, 2019.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Wood/bamboo materials":
1
Wachter, Igor, Peter Rantuch e Tomáš Štefko. "Transparent Bamboo". In Transparent Wood Materials, 47–57. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23405-7_5.
2
Shao, Zhuoping, e Fuli Wang. "Introduction to the Application of the Fracture Mechanics in Wood and Bamboo". In The Fracture Mechanics of Plant Materials, 1–10. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-9017-2_1.
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Mili, Medha, Anju Singhwane, Vaishnavi Hada, Ajay Naik, Prasanth Nair, Avanish Kumar Srivastava e Sarika Verma. "Advances in Bamboo Composites for Structural Applications: A Review". In Bamboo - Recent Development and Application [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.110489.
Abstract (sommario):
The fastest-growing plant on earth is bamboo; it grows three times as quickly as most other species and is a renewable, adaptable resource with high strength and lightweight. Bamboos are a valuable alternative resource with high physical similarities with genuine hardwoods. Using these naturally available renewable bamboo resources provides a practical approach to an eco-friendly industry mainly based on green materials and sustainable technologies with minimum impact on nature. In this regard, developing advanced bamboo-based composites is an attractive step. The extensive use of bamboo composites is a result of their advantageous qualities, including dimensional stability, natural colour, exquisite texture, and ease of manufacturing. The bamboo-based composites have immense potential to perform as a wood substitute that can reduce timber import and meet future timber requirements that are presently fulfilled by cutting trees or importing timber. This chapter aims to exhibit these advanced bamboo composites as a competitive and sustainable substitution for conventional timber material for structural applications. The present chapter highlights the advanced bamboo composites as engineered materials utilised mainly for structural applications in housing sectors and construction industries in the form of standard regular shapes such as beams, planks, lumbers, truss elements etc. One of the sections would be dedicated to the future scope of these advanced bamboo composites and recommendations.
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Asif, M. "Sustainability of timber, wood and bamboo in construction". In Sustainability of Construction Materials, 31–54. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9781845695842.31.
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Jia, Beibei. "Design of Fast-Growing Plant Material Woven Furniture Products Based on Sustainable Concepts". In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia231501.
Abstract (sommario):
In today’s society, with the growth of population and energy consumption, various natural resources are rapidly depleted, and traditional handicrafts are on the verge of being lost because they do not meet the needs of modern life. Fast-growing wood product weaving is a social activity made by artificial weaving using bamboo, rattan, willow, grass, hemp, palm, etc. as raw materials. Woven furniture made of fast-growing wood is a new type of furniture with great development prospects. It is environmentally friendly, has aesthetic appeal, and has cultural connotations. Starting from the aspects of green environmental protection, culture, fun, simplicity, etc., it provides an idea for the innovative design of this type of furniture. Taking bamboo as an example to illustrate sustainable furniture design strategies.
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Okonkwo, Paul C., Israr Ul Hassan e Wesam H. Beitelmal. "Bamboo Utilization as a Sustainable Building Material". In Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering, 79–96. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7279-5.ch004.
Abstract (sommario):
The extraction of building materials from their resources through harvesting, preservation, and utilization has become a significant segment of human contribution to the global ecosystem since the industrial revolution. Bamboo is the world's fastest-growing woody plant, and bamboo grows multiple times quicker than most species. Housing is one of the focused demands for bamboo, and as a result of the current scarcity of home units, the demand for bamboo is increasing. Bamboo building construction is portrayed by a basic edge approach like that applied in traditional building design and construction. Applying bamboo as an environmentally friendly material is seen as a movement towards creating a sustainable environment and reducing greenhouse emissions. The need to employ government policy in addressing the production and application of bamboo is reported, and the challenges of bamboo in the global market are highlighted in this chapter.
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Olajide Olorunnisola, Abel. "Potentials of Wood, Bamboo and Natural Fibre-Reinforced Composite Products as Substitute Materials for Fabricating Affordable Agricultural Equipment and Processing Machines in Africa". In Technology in Agriculture. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98265.
Abstract (sommario):
Modern agriculture depends heavily on technology. Land clearing, irrigation, drainage, crop storage and processing all require technological input. By modernising her agriculture, through wise application of science and technology, Africa can make significant headway in economic growth. However, an agricultural technology that is too sophisticated for a particular country/region is beyond its absorptive capacity. Hence, to achieve the objectives of agricultural mechanisation in Africa, it is imperative to take into account prevailing socio-economic conditions and the level of mechanisation necessary for optimal productivity. One major constraint to agricultural mechanisation in sub-Saharan Africa is the relatively high cost of imported metallic machine and equipment fabrication materials. Taking full advantage of substitute non-metallic materials may lower the cost of production and concomitantly empower rural fabricators with limited access to electricity and welding facilities to engage in local manufacturing of sundry agricultural machines and equipment. This Chapter presents illustrative examples of full and partial substitution of metallic with non-metallic materials in the fabrication of affordable machines and equipment for agricultural production, agro-processing, irrigation and drainage, crop drying and storage. Ways of addressing identified critical challenges of technology diffusion are also discussed.
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Mansencal, Rachel, John F. Kadla e Jennifer L. Braun. "Cellulose". In Polymer Data Handbook, 69–78. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195181012.003.0013.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Functions It is the basic structural material of the cell walls of all higher land plants and of some seaweeds. Natural Sources Wood (coniferous, deciduous), bamboo, cotton, hemp, straw, jute, flax, reed, sisal. Cellulose is isolated from the plant cell walls and is never in a pure form in nature. Always associated with lignin and hemicellulose.
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Wang, Zhiqiang, e Tianxiao Yin. "Cross-Laminated Timber: A Review on Its Characteristics and an Introduction to Chinese Practices". In Engineered Wood Products for Construction [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98956.
Abstract (sommario):
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a popular engineering wood product in recent years. It has some characteristics of configuration and mechanical properties, which makes it an excellent building material for floor, roof and other places. In Europe and North America, lots of middle and high-rise buildings have adopted CLT as their main structural component. CLT has recently been used to construct public buildings in China. As a building material, the lower rolling shear properties of CLT has always been a concern. To overcome this shortcoming of CLT, the structural composite lumber and bamboo have been employed to develop hybrid CLT. This chapter also presents the latest development and advances of CLT in China.
Atti di convegni sul tema "Wood/bamboo materials":
1
KOENE, L., e G. VAN DER WORP. "BULLET PENETRATION INTO BAMBOO, ORIENTED STRAND BOARD AND LOW-DENSITY FIBREBOARD TARGETS". In 32ND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS. Destech Publications, Inc., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36136.
Abstract (sommario):
In previous work, we have discussed projectile penetration experiments into a variety of wooden targets, i.e. natural wood, and medium density fibreboard (MDF) targets. However, this paper will discuss normal projectile impacts on three different types of wood-based materials: bamboo, oriented strand board (OSB) and low-density fibreboard (LDF). Impact experiments have been performed using flat targets. Two different 9 mm projectiles are used: Ball and Ball Subsonic. Penetration depths of projectiles are determined using x-ray photography. The experimental data are analysed using the Poncelet model and the Robins- Euler model. As in previous work on wooden materials, penetration depths of the projectiles are related to physical properties of the target material. For bamboo, OSB, and LDF Janka hardness measurements have been performed. Results obtained are compared with earlier results on MDF and natural wood. Again, the observed dynamic strength R shows a good correlation with the Janka hardness.
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Liu, Dewen, Zhongli Guo, Bihui Dai, Li Han, Binghua Xia, Rongqing Qi, Xiaoya Luo e Jing Li. "Seismic study on skin effect of bamboo-bonded wood structure". In 2017 3rd International Forum on Energy, Environment Science and Materials (IFEESM 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ifeesm-17.2018.286.
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"Production and Characterization of Bamboo/Wood-Made Shape to be used in Longboards". In Non-Conventional Materials and Technologies. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781945291838-52.
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Caldas, Lucas Rosse, Carolina Goulart Bezerra, Francesco Pittau, Arthur Araujo, Mariana Franco, Nicole Hasparyk e Romildo Dias Toledo Filho. "Development of GHG Emissions Curves for Bio-Concretes Specification: Case Study for Bamboo, Rice Husk, and Wood Shavings Considering the Context of Different Countries". In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.428.
Abstract (sommario):
Bio-concretes are receiving special attention in recent research as an alternative for climate change mitigation due to their low carbon footprints. Different bio-based materials can be used, e.g., wood shavings, bamboo, rice husk, and coconut. However, various methodological parameters can influence the carbon footprint of bio-based materials, especially bio-concretes, like biogenic carbon, amount of carbon in dry matter, rotation period of bio-aggregates, and type of cementitious materials. It is important to have easier ways of estimating the carbon footprint of bio-concretes, using parameters and data easily available. This research aims to evaluate the (1) carbon footprint of different mixtures of three bio-concretes (wood bio-concrete - WBC, bamboo bio-concrete - BBC and rice husk bio-concrete - RBC), and the (2) development of GHG emissions curves for bio-concretes specification based on easily available data (such as density, biomass content, and compressive strength). Based on experimental data, the carbon footprint was performed using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. In order to extend the findings of this study, the context of the following four countries was evaluated: Brazil, South Africa, India, and China. In addition, the replacement of Portland cement for Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) are evaluated hypothetically. The results show that the increase of biomass content in bio-concretes and the replacement of Portland cement by SCMs leads to a radical decrease in life cycle GHG emissions. The percentage of carbon in biomass is a critical factor for reducing the carbon footprint. The WBC was the biomass that performed better for this parameter. The presented GHG emissions curves can be a useful way to estimate the carbon footprint of bio-concretes and can be adapted to other kinds of bio-concretes and countries.
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Yin, Shun, Xinhe Lu, Xiuqing Zeng, Jiyao Wei, Shiyuan Zhang e Weiwei Yao. "Design Strategies of Bamboo Fiber-based Composites Pavillon under the dual-carbon background". In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003089.
Abstract (sommario):
The "Pavillon System" is a means of urban renewal, a service facility with integrated functions such as aesthetic education, resting Shelter, outdoor furniture, etc. It is a kind of artistic urban infrastructure. In 2021, The author was invited by Shanghai Urban Public Space Art Season（SUSAS） to design and construct a "cycling pavillon " in the Lingang Future Community Sample Exhibition, as a demonstration project in the new area of Lingang, which aims at the low-carbon system of future living and green city construction. One of the demonstration projects in the new area of Lingang with the goal of a low-carbon system for future lifestyle and green city construction.This design attempts to reduce carbon emissions with bamboo structures from the beginning, and then considers low carbon green construction in the production and processing of materials, transportation of materials and equipment, the construction process and building operation. Bamboo matrix fiber composite is a new material with structural performance equivalent to FRP, higher outdoor weather resistance than preserved wood, and close to the price of preserved wood, which has the value of promotion.In the face of the completed site, the building foundation of the cycling pavillon adopts a minimal approach to the ground pavement to intervene in the site, abandoning the traditional need to pour concrete slabs on site for the foundation and using I-beams as the foundation anchored to the ground, reducing carbon emissions generated during the construction and material production process. This construction method allows the cycling pavillon shaded roof to withstand typhoons in the summer in the port area, and gives it the ability to be rebuilt off-site after demolition, a repeatable feature that extends the life of the structure in a rapidly growing urban area and reduces the carbon footprint of the demolition process.The construction process is highly efficient and can reduce carbon emissions by more than 40% over the life cycle of an assembled building, which is an important technological path to achieve "peak carbon" and "carbon neutrality" in the construction industry. The construction process also has a good dust reduction effect, saving water, electricity and other energy, while achieving the original purpose of building energy saving and environmental protection.The cycling pavillon is built in an assembled manner, enabling rapid construction in 60 hours. Thus, it is combined with the built-up site in a light intervention manner. Material utilization is improved through material optimization and reuse of components. With two types of parking, "interlocking" and "hanging", it can meet the different needs of daily use and professional cycling competition. The design concept of space-time movement stable structure is inspired by the trajectory of the wheels, and the mechanical movement of the bicycle in four-dimensional space-time is fixed in three-dimensional space to form a stable structure.The design of the cycling pavillon starts from the demand of urban public space life, in order to provide a possibility of public communication while solving the demand of small and micro space of public life. Through the distinctive artistic image of the space itself, the balance between artistry and practicality is achieved，More importantly, through the use of high-strength bamboo fiber materials, a low-carbon artful infrastructure construction model is explored
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Rindo, Good, Parlindungan Manik, Sarjito Jokosisworo, Carolina Putri e Priscilla Wilhelmina. "Effect analysis of the direction of fiber arrangement on interfaces of laminated bamboo fiber as a construction material for wood vessel hulls". In 1ST INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON ADVANCES IN METALLURGY AND MATERIALS (i-SENAMM 2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0016147.
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Gnanasundar, V. "Mechanical Properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete by using Sisal Fiber with M-Sand as Fine Aggregate". In Sustainable Materials and Smart Practices. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901953-10.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. Conventional concrete has a low tensile strength, constrained ductility and little protection from crack propagation. The inward miniaturized scale of cracks, prompting weak disappointment of concrete. Investigations have been carried out in many countries on various mechanical properties, physical performance and durability of cement-based matrices reinforced with naturally occurring fibers including sisal, coconut, jute, bamboo, and wood fibers. Raised natural mindfulness and an expanding worry with an unnatural weather change have invigorated the search for materials that can supplant traditional engineered fiber. Characteristic fiber, for example, sisal strands show up as one of the great options since they are accessible in sinewy structure and can be separated from plant leaves, stalk, and products of the soil at exceptionally low expenses. In this work, the impact of sisal strands on the quality of cement for M25 evaluation has been examined by shifting the level of filaments in concrete. Fiber substance were shifted by 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%, 0.25%, 0.30%, 0.35% and 0.40% by volume of cement. Cubes, Cylinder and Prism were cast to assess the Compressive, Split Tensile and Flexural Strength test. Every one of the samples was tested for a time of 28 days curing. The results of fiber reinforced concrete for 28 days curing with a varied percentage of fiber were studied and it has been found that there is significant strength improvement with addition of sisal fiber in concrete.
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Schumann, Kyle. "Research-Build: Biomaterial Invention through Design Studio Pedagogy". In 111th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.40.
Abstract (sommario):
Academic design-build work provides an incredible opportunity for students to experience hands-on construction and see their work jump from the drawing board to reality. However, the inherent complexity and compressed timelines of these projects typically limit opportunities for material experimentation and invention, often biasing detailing and construction with proven conventional building systems for timely delivery of a project based on client and programmatic needs. At the same time, architectural innovation in academic scholarship is increasingly confronting technological and material needs necessitated by the climate crisis. This paper presents a research-build model via a studio that shifts the emphasis from program and client to material invention and experimental fabrication. The studio began with a series of physical fabrication exercises and material explorations, culminating in the design and construction of an experimental biomaterial pavilion that pilots three building systems: a double-layered woven bamboo wall with CNC-milled joinery and a shade canopy of bent greenwood lumber strips, both sourced from campus landscaping waste, as well as a façade of custom paper pulp shingles made with campus paper and wood waste. Salvaging material from the local environment and waste streams serves to improve equity and access to material — teaching students that good design does not necessarily demand expensive materials — and as an environmental strategy, asking students to consider the lifecycle and impacts of the materials with which they are working, and to design for end of life decommissioning.
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"Sustainable Building Replacing Normal Construction Materials with Sustainable Materials". In The International Conference on scientific innovations in Science, Technology, and Management. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Engineering and Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59544/qvzv4524/ngcesi23p75.
Abstract (sommario):
The construction industry of the world is rapidly developing with the abrupt increase of the urban population. To meet the needs of the evolving industry and the surging population, the need of raw materials for the construction industry is rising day by day. Energy consumption in the building sector is very high. Carbondioxide emission are connected with offsite manufacturing of building materials and components ( cradle to site) .the materials such as cement ,hollow concrete block, bricks, reinforcement bars etc. emit un considerable amount of carbondioxide during the manufacturing process. Carbondioxide emission from 1 meter cube of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cement are 25.47 kg, 63 kg and 417.6kg respectively. Embodied energy can be consumed directly in construction of building and other relative processes or indirectly for extracting raw materials manufacturing the building materials and relative products and transporting. In the present study we are entirely replacing the traditional material with sustainable material. Construction industry consumes more than 50 percentage of the raw materials obtained from the earth’s crust. In the nearby future these resources will get emptied. So it’s time to find the suitable sustainable alternative for the building components. Geopolymer concrete is the new development in the field of building construction in which cement is totally replaced by pozzolanic material like fly ash and activated by alkaline solution. This gives the effect of concentration of sodium hydroxide, temperature and duration of overheating on compressive strength of fly ash based geopolymer concrete. The Wool Glass Shell Brick (WGSB) is filled with waste materials from plants and other industries. Bamboo reinforced concrete construction follows the same design, mix proposition and construction techniques as used for steel reinforced. Steel reinforcement is replaced with bamboo reinforcement. Natural materials, bamboo has been widely used for many purposes. Mainly as a strength bearing material. Then wool glass shell brick, geopolymer concrete slab reinforced with bamboo, and geopolymer concrete block are manufactured. The manufactured materials are subjected to their respective tests and prototype is also constructed. From the study of materials, it is observed that percentage economy can be achieved using this sustainable material .The test results showed that the compressive strength, tensile strength and of the manufactured materials are much better than the conventional construction materials.
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Elizondo, Hazel A., Bereket Lebassi e Jorge E. Gonzalez-Cruz. "Modeling and Validation of Building Thermal Performance of the 2007 Santa Clara University Solar Decathlon House". In ASME 2008 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2008-54044.
Abstract (sommario):
Sustainability is an issue of great importance in the building and energy sectors. In the United States, about 40% of total energy use is in buildings, 30% of raw materials are used in buildings, 30% of waste outputs come from buildings, 30% of greenhouse gas emissions are attributed to buildings, and 12% of potable water consumption occurs in buildings. Thus, there is a great necessity for the rapid deployment of highly sustainable buildings that are aesthetic and reliable. Solar houses are highly sustainable and can be designed to be reliable by using streamlined technologies, providing as much power as needed, and by minimizing the energy usage within the building. The US DOE Solar Decathlon offered a great opportunity to test these criteria which were at the same time the fundamental elements taken into consideration when designing the Santa Clara University (SCU) solar house in 2007 [1]. In this research the SCU solar decathlon solar house energy and thermal performances were analyzed. The energy and thermal loads were modeled using EnergyPlus™ software which helps to perform detailed modeling of the energy and thermal performances of buildings. The conditioned space of the building consists of two rectangular shaped zones, the living room and the bedroom, which together are approximately 45ft along the east-west direction and 11ft wide. Wood framing with R-19 insulation, made from recycled jeans, was used for the walls. The roof and the floor are constructed of a bamboo wood frame with foam insulation. Daylighting was maximized through active windows (i.e. electro-chromic), energy efficient appliances were incorporated along with solar thermal air conditioning, heating and hot water. Performance parameters for the mechanical systems were developed from conventionally available technologies and the control set-points were based on DOE Solar Decathlon 2007 (SD07) guidelines [1]. The thermal energy design decisions for the house were based largely on a combination of the solar decathlon contest requirements and that technologies were sustainable and commercially available. The house was tested in Washington DC in October 2007 during the competition and performed excellently well ranking at the top in the following categories: energy balance, thermal comfort, and hot water. Data collected during the event provide the unique opportunity of validating the simulated energy and thermal performances of the house with weather file created from the real-time weather data. The created weather file is used to run new simulations of the SCU SD07 house, from these results we can assess the accuracy of the simulation program used. If accuracy is high enough, annual simulations are executed to demonstrate how the house would perform under extreme climatic conditions in different regions.