Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Within group interrupted time series design"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Within group interrupted time series design"
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Keith, Andrew, Darryl Ahner e Nicole Curtis. "Evaluation theory and its application to military assessments". Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation: Applications, Methodology, Technology 16, n. 4 (8 marzo 2019): 305–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548512919834670.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Evaluation theory provides a rigorous foundation for the practice of military operation assessment. Government and industry assessors have used evaluation theory to improve the effectiveness of assessment across a wide range of fields. This article focuses on the relationship between evaluation theory and military assessment. We briefly survey the major evaluation approaches with a focus on connecting the theoretical models to practical security-related applications. These evaluation approaches include expertise-oriented, program-oriented, decision-oriented, and participant-oriented models. Within the overarching framework of these approaches, we consider alternative monitoring and evaluation designs in detail, including descriptive designs (case study, cross-sectional, time-series), quasi-experimental designs (interrupted time-series, comparison group, case study), and experimental designs (posttest-only, pre-post). Then, we discuss quantitative and qualitative methods for analyzing and reporting uncertainty with respect to each design alternative, with an emphasis on mixed-method approaches. Throughout the review, we make the relationship between evaluation theory and operation assessment practice explicit through examples, and we suggest more detailed references where appropriate.
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Brewer, Britton W., e Robert Shillinglaw. "Evaluation of a Psychological Skills Training Workshop for Male Intercollegiate Lacrosse Players". Sport Psychologist 6, n. 2 (giugno 1992): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.6.2.139.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study evaluated the effects of a four-session psychological skills training (PST) workshop on self-reported knowledge, perceived importance, and use of goal setting, relaxation, imagery, and cognitive restructuring in a sample of male intercollegiate lacrosse players (n=49). In an interrupted time-series design with switching replications, subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Self-report data were collected on three occasions at 2-week intervals. Group 1 received PST during the first 2-week interval and Group 2 received PST during the second 2-week interval. The overall effectiveness of the PST workshop was supported by both between-subjects and within-subjects analyses. This study illustrates that controlled research can viably and ethically be conducted in applied sport settings. Limitations of the current study and directions for future PST outcome research are discussed.
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McDowell, Ronald D., Kathleen Bennett, Frank Moriarty, Sarah Clarke, Michael Barry e Tom Fahey. "Prescriber Variation in Relation to Prescribing Trends within the Preferred Drugs Initiative in Ireland (2012–2015): An Interrupted Time-Series Study Using Latent Curve Models". Medical Decision Making 39, n. 3 (9 febbraio 2019): 278–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x18818165.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Objectives. To examine the impact of the Preferred Drugs Initiative (PDI), an Irish health policy aimed at reducing prescribing variation. Design. Interrupted time series spanning 2012 to 2015. Setting. Health Service Executive pharmacy claims data for General Medical Services (GMS) patients, approximately 40% of the Irish population. Participants. Prescribers issuing preferred drug group items to GMS adults before and after PDI guidelines. Primary Outcome. The percentage coverage of PDI medications within each drug class per calendar quarter per prescriber. Methods. Latent curve models with structured residuals (LCM-SRs) were used to model coverage of the preferred drugs over time. The number of GMS adults receiving medication and the percentage who were 65 years and older at the start of the study were included as covariates. Results. In the quarter following PDI guidelines, coverage of the preferred drugs increased most in absolute terms for proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (1.50% [SE 0.15], P < 0.001) and selective and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) (1.17% [SE 0.26], P < 0.001). Variation between prescribers remained relatively unchanged and increased for urology medications. Prescribers who increased coverage of the preferred PPI also increased coverage of the preferred statin immediately following guidelines (correlation 0.47 [SE 0.13], P < 0.001). Where guidelines were disseminated simultaneously, coverage of one preferred drug did not significantly predict coverage of the other preferred drug in the next calendar quarter. Prescribing of preferred drugs was not moderated by prescriber-level factors. Conclusions. Modest changes in prescribing of the preferred drugs have been observed over the course of the PDI. However, the guidelines have had little impact in reducing variation between prescribers. Further strategies may be necessary to reduce variation in clinical practice and enhance patient care.
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Yash Pal, Rakhee, Win Sen Kuan, Ling Tiah, Ranjeev Kumar, Yoko Kin Yoke Wong, Luming Shi, Charles Qishi Zheng et al. "End-of-life management protocol offered within emergency room (EMPOWER): study protocol for a multicentre study". BMJ Open 10, n. 4 (aprile 2020): e036598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036598.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
BackgroundPatients at their end-of-life (EOL) phase frequently visit the emergency department (ED) due to their symptoms, yet the environment and physicians in ED are not traditionally equipped or trained to provide palliative care. This multicentre study aims to measure the current quality of EOL care in ED to identify gaps, formulate improvements and implement the improved EOL care protocol. We shall also evaluate healthcare resource utilisation and its associated costs.Methods and analysisThis study employs a quasiexperimental interrupted time series design using both qualitative and quantitative methods, involving the EDs of three tertiary hospitals in Singapore, over a period of 3 years. There are five phases in this study: (1) retrospective chart reviews of patients who died within 5 days of ED attendance; (2) pilot phase to validate the CODE questionnaire in the local context; (3) preimplementation phase; (4) focus group discussions (FGDs); and (5) postimplementation phase. In the prospective cohort, patients who are actively dying or have high likelihood of mortality this admission, and whose goal of care is palliation, will be eligible for inclusion. At least 140 patients will be recruited for each preimplementation and postimplementation phase. There will be face-to-face interviews with patients’ family members, review of medical records and self-administered staff survey to evaluate existing knowledge and confidence. The FGDs will involve hospital and community healthcare providers. Data obtained from the retrospective cohort, preimplementation phase and FGDs will be used to guide prospective improvement and protocol changes. Patient, family and staff relevant outcomes from these changes will be measured using time series regression.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been reviewed and ethics approval obtained from the National Healthcare Group Domain Specific Review Board, Singapore. The results from this study will be actively disseminated through manuscript publications and conference presentations.Trial registration numberNCT03906747.
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Kwasnicka, Dominika, Aleksandra Luszczynska, Martin S. Hagger, Eleanor Quested, Sherry L. Pagoto, Peter Verboon, Suzanne Robinson et al. "Theory-based digital intervention to promote weight loss and weight loss maintenance (Choosing Health): protocol for a randomised controlled trial". BMJ Open 10, n. 11 (novembre 2020): e040183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040183.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
IntroductionDigital behavioural weight loss interventions have the potential to improve public health; however, these interventions are often not adequately tailored to the needs of the participants. This is the protocol for a trial that aims to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the Choosing Health programme as a means to promote weight loss and weight loss maintenance among overweight/obese adults.Methods and analysisThe proposed study is a two-group randomised controlled trial with a nested interrupted time series (ITS) within-person design. Participants (n=285) will be randomly assigned to either the Choosing Health digital intervention or a control group. For intervention participants, ecological momentary assessment will be used to identify behavioural determinants for each individual in order to tailor evidence-based behaviour change techniques and intervention content.Control group participants will receive non-tailored weight loss advice via e-book and generic emails. The primary outcome is the mean difference in weight loss between groups at 6 months controlled for baseline. Secondary outcomes include blood pressure and percentage of body fat; self-reported measures of physical activity, sitting time, quality of life, cost and theory-derived correlates of weight loss. Secondary outcomes will be measured at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months. The primary outcome for ITS will be daily weight loss plan adherence. Data will be analysed using regression and time series analyses.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was granted by Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland, approval number 03/P/12/2019. The project results will be disseminated through structured strategy implemented in collaboration with the Ministry of Health.Trial registration detailsThis trial was registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov; registration number NCT04291482.
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Schwalm, J. D., Noah M. Ivers, Zachary Bouck, Monica Taljaard, Madhu K. Natarajan, Lisa Dolovich, Kednapa Thavorn, Tara McCready, Erin O'Brien e Jeremy M. Grimshaw. "Length of Initial Prescription at Hospital Discharge and Long-Term Medication Adherence for Elderly, Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients: Protocol for an Interrupted Time Series Study". JMIR Research Protocols 9, n. 11 (4 novembre 2020): e18981. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18981.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background Based on high-quality evidence, guidelines recommend the long-term use of secondary prevention medications post-myocardial infarction (MI) to avoid recurrent cardiovascular events and death. Unfortunately, discontinuation of recommended medications post-MI is common. Observational evidence suggests that prescriptions covering a longer duration at discharge from hospital are associated with greater long-term medication adherence. The following is a proposal for the first interventional study to evaluate the impact of longer prescription duration at discharge post-MI on long-term medication adherence. Objective The overarching goal of this study is to reduce morbidity and mortality among post-MI patients through improved long-term cardiac medication adherence. The specific objectives include the following. First, we will assess whether long-term cardiac medication adherence improves among elderly, post-MI patients following the implementation of (1) standardized discharge prescription forms with 90-day prescriptions and 3 repeats for recommended cardiac medication classes, in combination with education and (2) education alone compared to (3) usual care. Second, we will assess the cost implications of prolonged initial discharge prescriptions compared with usual care. Third, we will compare clinical outcomes between longer (>60 days) versus shorter prescription durations. Fourth, we will collect baseline information to inform a multicenter interventional study. Methods We will conduct a quasiexperimental, interrupted time series design to evaluate the impact of a multifaceted intervention to implement longer duration prescriptions versus usual care on long-term cardiac medication adherence among post-MI patients. Intervention groups and their corresponding settings include: (1) intervention group 1: 1 cardiac center and 1 noncardiac hospital allocated to receive standardized discharge prescription forms supporting the dispensation of 90 days’ worth of cardiac medications with 3 repeats, coupled with education; (2) intervention group 2: 4 sites (including 1 cardiac center) allocated to receive education only; and (3) control group: all remaining hospitals within the province that did not receive an intervention (ie, usual care). Administrative databases will be used to measure all outcomes. Adherence to 4 classes of cardiac medications — statins, beta blockers, angiotensin system inhibitors, and secondary antiplatelets (ie, prasugrel, clopidogrel, or ticagrelor) — will be assessed. Results Enrollment began in September 2017, and results are expected to be analyzed in late 2020. Conclusions The results have the potential to redefine best practices regarding discharge prescribing policies for patients post-MI. A policy of standardized maximum-duration prescriptions at the time of discharge post-MI is a simple intervention that has the potential to significantly improve long-term medication adherence, thus decreasing cardiac morbidity and mortality. If effective, this low-cost intervention to implement longer duration prescriptions post-MI could be easily scaled. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03257579; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03257579 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/18981
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Linden, Ariel. "Persistent threats to validity in single‐group interrupted time series analysis with a cross over design". Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 23, n. 2 (novembre 2016): 419–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jep.12668.
Testo completo
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Mbuagbaw, Lawrence, Carmen H. Logie, Lehana Thabane, Fiona Smaill, Marek Smieja, Ann N. Burchell, Beth Rachlis et al. "The impact of routine HIV drug resistance testing in Ontario: A controlled interrupted time series study". PLOS ONE 16, n. 4 (2 aprile 2021): e0246766. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246766.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background Knowledge of HIV drug resistance informs the choice of regimens and ensures that the most efficacious options are selected. In January 2014, a policy change to routine resistance testing was implemented in Ontario, Canada. The objective of this study was to investigate the policy change impact of routine resistance testing in people with HIV in Ontario, Canada since January 2014. Methods We used data on people with HIV living in Ontario from administrative databases of the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES) and Public Health Ontario (PHO), and ran ordinary least squares (OLS) models of interrupted time series to measure the levels and trends of 2-year mortality, 2-year hospitalizations and 2-year emergency department visits before (2005–2013) and after the policy change (2014–2017). Outcomes were collected in biannual periods, generating 18 periods before the intervention and 8 periods after. We included a control series of people who did not receive a resistance test within 3 months of HIV diagnosis. Results Data included 12,996 people with HIV, of which 8881 (68.3%) were diagnosed between 2005 and 2013, and 4115 (31.7%) were diagnosed between 2014 and 2017. Policy change to routine resistance testing within 3 months of HIV diagnosis led to a decreasing trend in 2-year mortality of 0.8% every six months compared to the control group. No significant differences in hospitalizations or emergency department visits were noted. Interpretation The policy of routine resistance testing within three months of diagnosis is beneficial at the population level.
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Wong, Rosa Sze Man, Frederick Ka Wing Ho, Keith Tsz Suen Tung, King-Wa Fu e Patrick Ip. "Effect of Pokémon Go on Self-Harm Using Population-Based Interrupted Time-Series Analysis: Quasi-Experimental Study". JMIR Serious Games 8, n. 2 (12 giugno 2020): e17112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17112.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background Pokémon Go is a very popular location-based augmented reality game with widespread influences over the world. An emerging body of research demonstrates that playing Pokémon Go can lead to improvements in physical activity and psychosocial well-being; however, whether Pokémon Go reduces self-harm incidence at the population-level is still questionable. Objective This study aimed to quantify how the launch of Pokémon Go in Hong Kong affected the incidence of self-harm using a quasi-experimental design. Methods An interrupted time-series design with Poisson segmented regression adjusted for time and seasonality trends was used on data from 2012 to 2018 to detect any changes in the number of accident and emergency attendances due to self-harm, after Pokémon Go was launched. The findings were validated using a baseline control period and using other intentional injuries and minor noninjuries as control outcomes. We also assessed intervention effects by age group. Results From January 1, 2012 to July 31, 2018, there were 13,463 accident and emergency attendances due to self-harm in Hong Kong. During the period after launching Pokémon Go, self-harm attendances dropped by 34% (adjusted incidence rate ratio: 0.66, 95% CI 0.61-0.73). When analyzed by age group, a reduction in self-harm incidence was only apparent in adults (18 to 24 years of age: adjusted incidence rate ratio: 0.78, P=.02; 25 to 39 years of age: adjusted incidence rate ratio: 0.75, P<.001; 40 years of age and older: adjusted incidence rate ratio: 0.57, P<.001). Conclusions Self-harm incidence in the population, particularly in adults, showed a significant decline in the period after Pokémon Go was launched. Augmented reality games such as Pokémon Go show great promise as a tool to enhance psychosocial well-being and improve mental health.
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Etminani, Kobra, Carina Göransson, Alexander Galozy, Margaretha Norell Pejner e Sławomir Nowaczyk. "Improving Medication Adherence Through Adaptive Digital Interventions (iMedA) in Patients With Hypertension: Protocol for an Interrupted Time Series Study". JMIR Research Protocols 10, n. 5 (12 maggio 2021): e24494. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/24494.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background There is a strong need to improve medication adherence (MA) for individuals with hypertension in order to reduce long-term hospitalization costs. We believe this can be achieved through an artificial intelligence agent that helps the patient in understanding key individual adherence risk factors and designing an appropriate intervention plan. The incidence of hypertension in Sweden is estimated at approximately 27%. Although blood pressure control has increased in Sweden, barely half of the treated patients achieved adequate blood pressure levels. It is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease and stroke as well as heart failure. MA is a key factor for good clinical outcomes in persons with hypertension. Objective The overall aim of this study is to design, develop, test, and evaluate an adaptive digital intervention called iMedA, delivered via a mobile app to improve MA, self-care management, and blood pressure control for persons with hypertension. Methods The study design is an interrupted time series. We will collect data on a daily basis, 14 days before, during 6 months of delivering digital interventions through the mobile app, and 14 days after. The effect will be analyzed using segmented regression analysis. The participants will be recruited in Region Halland, Sweden. The design of the digital interventions follows the just-in-time adaptive intervention framework. The primary (distal) outcome is MA, and the secondary outcome is blood pressure. The design of the digital intervention is developed based on a needs assessment process including a systematic review, focus group interviews, and a pilot study, before conducting the longitudinal interrupted time series study. Results The focus groups of persons with hypertension have been conducted to perform the needs assessment in a Swedish context. The design and development of digital interventions are in progress, and the interventions are planned to be ready in November 2020. Then, the 2-week pilot study for usability evaluation will start, and the interrupted time series study, which we plan to start in February 2021, will follow it. Conclusions We hypothesize that iMedA will improve medication adherence and self-care management. This study could illustrate how self-care management tools can be an additional (digital) treatment support to a clinical one without increasing burden on health care staff. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04413500; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04413500 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/24494
Tesi sul tema "Within group interrupted time series design"
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Marais, Adele. "The effect of a nuclear family's sudden loss on the personality structures of individual family members". Diss., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29459.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the potential effect of sudden loss on the personality structures of bereaved individuals. For this purpose, I focused on the individual personality structures of five nuclear family members during the first year following the sudden loss of their daughter/sister. I followed a concurrent nested mixed model research approach and relied upon both the post-positivist and interpretivist paradigms, allowing me to integrate the complementary strengths of quantitative and qualitative data collection by means of triangulation. I utilised a within group interrupted time series design, comparing the family’s MBTI® profiles prior to and following the sudden loss they had experienced. In addition, I incorporated the results of 16PF profiles of the participants administered post-sudden loss. I further substantiated my findings in terms of recurring themes on individual metaphors concerning the sudden loss experience, constructed by the participants. The findings of the study indicated that distinct changes in personality structures occurred in terms of the personality structures of the participants. Pertaining to the four polarities of the MBTI®, I found that the participants displayed a greater preference for the Introversion attitude, as well as both the Sensing and Feeling functions, after they had experienced sudden loss. All participants displayed an inclination towards personal growth by moving closer to the Judging/Perceiving axis post-sudden loss. In addition, two general tendencies were evident amongst the participants, namely a greater dependence on the inferior functions; and secondly the tendency to rely on type exaggeration when dealing with sudden loss.Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Educational Psychology
unrestricted
Libri sul tema "Within group interrupted time series design"
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McDowall, David, Richard McCleary e Bradley J. Bartos. Interrupted Time Series Analysis. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190943943.001.0001.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Interrupted Time Series Analysis develops a comprehensive set of models and methods for drawing causal inferences from time series. Example analyses of social, behavioural, and biomedical time series illustrate a general strategy for building AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) impact models. The classic Box-Jenkins-Tiao model-building strategy is supplemented with recent auxiliary tests for transformation, differencing and model selection. New developments, including Bayesian hypothesis testing and synthetic control group designs are described and their prospects for widespread adoption are discussed. Example analyses make optimal use of graphical illustrations. Mathematical methods used in the example analyses are explicated assuming only exposure to an introductory statistics course. Design and Analysis of Time Series Experiments (DATSE) and other appropriate authorities are cited for formal proofs. Forty completed example analyses are used to demonstrate the implications of model properties. The example analyses are suitable for use as problem sets for classrooms, workshops, and short-courses.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Within group interrupted time series design"
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Appleton, Evan, e Piers Millett. "Technical Aspects of Biosecurity: Screening Guidance, Attribution, and Traceability". In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security, 141–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2086-9_10.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractBiosecurity is a multi-disciplinary topic that covers areas of policy, public health, economics, and science. This chapter focuses on the technical scientific aspects of the current international biosecurity framework. We discuss these technical areas in terms time horizon. We begin this chapter with review of current technology within the international biosecurity framework and discuss weakness and opportunities for further work. We then focus on near-term technical developments and imminent opportunities to strengthen the existing framework. Specifically, we break down the range of issues into biological threat prevention, detection, and response. We discuss how technical tools can assist in policy development and the engineering cycle of Design, Built, and Test. Finally, this chapter describes a ‘futuring’ exercise conducted by the working group that created this chapter to explore broader longer-term issues in the biosecurity space.
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Hensen, B., S. Dringus, R. Eakle, M. Remme e J. Hargreaves. "Evaluating Structural Interventions". In Structural Interventions for HIV Prevention, 311–56. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190675486.003.0012.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Evaluating structural interventions to understand whether they are effective, for whom, and in what context is critical to determining whether, where, and how to deliver structural interventions at scale. This chapter provides a comprehensive evaluation framework comprising three main components: impact of the intervention, process evaluation, and an economic evaluation. Featured within this chapter is the point that structural-level interventions are amenable to evaluation using adaptation of the gold-standard randomized controlled trial design. Where randomization is not feasible, however, the chapter provides alternative designs to evaluate effectiveness, including those that use the stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial, interrupted time series, and nonequivalent comparison group. Four types of economic evaluation techniques are also described.
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Laarni, Jari, e Iina Aaltonen. "Anticipation Dialogue Method in Participatory Design". In Emerging Research and Trends in Interactivity and the Human-Computer Interface, 315–30. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4623-0.ch016.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the design of complex information systems and social practices for different domains a balance between theory-driven and practice-driven approaches is at best developed in a collaborative communication process between designers, researchers, and other actors. The authors have developed the Anticipation Design Dialogue method within the context of participatory design, which is based on dialogic communication between different stakeholders. A dialogic relationship between them takes place in future workshops in which experiences of different stakeholders are integrated in a way that makes it possible to illustrate the situation from different perspectives. The workshop participants develop in small groups a vision of the future state in which the situation is imagined from the future perspective by considering which kind of problems they have at the moment and by which way the problems could be managed in the future. Secondly, reflective thinking is promoted by letting each group at the time present their ideas while others are listening. The authors have found that the development of mutual understanding between different stakeholders in these kinds of workshops is a complex process that needs time, and therefore, an iterative series of workshops is recommended.
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Fasso, Wendy. "Community of Practice or Networked Learning". In Global Challenges and Perspectives in Blended and Distance Learning, 174–90. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-3978-2.ch014.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This chapter examines the case of an online teacher professional development community that was designed to facilitate both networked learning and whole-group activities in cyclical form to support the eventual formation of a Community of Practice over time beyond the facilitated episode. Participants completed activities with a group (collective) focus in a series of wikis, and activities supporting networked learning in discussion forums. The design of the tasks was intentional, with clear identification of the learning purpose and scaffolding to support desired outcomes. The participation and learning outcomes were evaluated using a range of qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. The framework of Dron and Anderson (2007) identifies the potential for both learning networks and a community of practice within a group of online learners. Using this framework, activities were intentionally designed in which the best elements of both were enabled.
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O’Brien, Margaret. "Evolution of an Information Manager". In Long-Term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199380213.003.0055.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
I work in the realm between environmental research and information technology. My academic training provided background in environmental and ecological research. The Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program’s culture of data sharing necessitates understanding formats, structures, and vocabularies required to effectively manage research products. I do not “educate” per se, but I advance the field of data management by mentoring and by training student assistants. Because of the LTER program’s early adoption of data management plans, I am able to review and help write these for researchers. The diverse data of the LTER program are widely regarded, with standardized, complete metadata records, so they are sought after by programmers creating sophisticated software tools. I provide an example of real-world data management for those in informatics research and translate concepts between programmers and environmental researchers. The broad array of tasks means that collaboration among information managers is essential. Collaboration works best when groups are small, problems well defined, and when we already have a similar approach and technology. When I started in the LTER program, cataloging and publishing data represented a novel concept. Now, data management is no longer an afterthought. The LTER program has fostered that. I am not a research scientist; I am a data manager. The role is a bridge between research and information technology, and my role in the LTER program is to increase the visibility and awareness of data science for ecology. For most of the last decade, I have been the information manager for the Santa Barbara Coastal site (SBC) at the University of California (UC) Santa Barbara (Figure 34.1). My primary responsibilities are to facilitate research at SBC and to assemble data packages for cataloging. This means that I work with system administrators on hardware needs and user accounts and with scientific staff to keep time series data up to date. I design data products and metadata systems for sharing within and outside the group, design and maintain dynamic websites, and devise the software to hold the “information management system” together. SBC shares scientists and technical personnel with the Moorea Coral Reef site (MCR).
Atti di convegni sul tema "Within group interrupted time series design"
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Rodríguez-Paz, Miguel X., Jorge A. González-Mendivil e Israel Zamora-Hernandez. "A Long-Distance/Online Teaching Model With Video Technology for Engineering Courses Suitable for Emergency Situations". In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24365.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract In this paper we present the implementation of a model involving real-time online education sessions for the continuation of a semester in emergency situations when the university has to stop activities. This model has been used during the strong Earthquakes in Central Mexico in September 2017 and during the most recent global situation due to the coronavirus emergency. Teaching of Engineering courses usually involves the combination of lectures, tutorials, problem solving sessions and mid-term exams. In emergency situations when the activities at the university are not possible, other models have to be implemented, usually within a short period of time. In this paper, a model involving the use of video conferencing software, namely zoom, the use of video repositories and the use of digital social media is presented as a successful model for the continuing teaching of courses of Engineering Mechanics. Results show a good acceptance by students and some suggestions given by the students in order to make this model more attractive are also presented. These findings can be applied in the future in the design of schemes for teaching or continuation of a term in higher education when the university faces an emergency that requires activities to be interrupted oncampus. As conclusions the authors present a series of recommendations for teachers or professors interested in applying this model or in designing new schemes for teaching online when the university has to be closed.
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Barmpalias, K. G., A. I. Kalfas, R. S. Abhari, Toshio Hirano e Naoki Shibukawa. "Effects of Design Variations of Rotor Entry Cavity Geometry on Shrouded Steam Turbine Performance". In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-22279.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper presents an experimental study of the effect of geometry variations of the rotor entry cavity on shrouded steam turbine performance. A series of experiments was carried out where different configurations of the geometry of the entry cavity were tested. Blade geometry and tip clearance remained unaltered for all cases examined. Interactions between cavity and main flow are carefully investigated and their consequences on shrouded steam turbine stage efficiency are examined. Geometry variations of the entry cavity were installed in a pre-existing ‘baseline’ case of high efficiency. Five different test cases were examined. For the first two of these cases a ring having a constant width of 2mm and 4mm in radial direction is used. The next two cases employ a non-uniform, wavy insert and for the last case a backwards slanted insert is used that covers most of the inlet to cavity area, maintaining a safety distance of 2mm from the downstream rotor. The cases are divided into two groups, based on the same inlet cavity volume. The first group of three cases has a cavity volume reduction of 14% compared to the baseline case, whereas in the second group two cases are examined which maintain a 28% cavity volume reduction compared to the baseline case. Stage performance and flow field data were acquired and analyzed. Strong interactions between cavity and main flow are observed for all cases, not only at the location where the variations were installed. An observed effect can also be seen downstream of the rotor affecting the stage performance. Measurements were performed with the use of miniature probes ensuring minimum blockage effects especially within the cavity, both at rotor inlet as well as downstream of the second rotor. The use of a uniform geometry variation for the inlet rotor cavity in both groups proved to be the best in terms of stage efficiency. Although more complex and non-uniform variations were also used, the simple design of uniform geometry caused the least disturbance in the flow downstream of the 2nd rotor, having at the same time a moderate positive influence at the exit of the 2nd stator. The use of a constant width insert ring (thickness = 2mm) showed an efficiency gain of at least 0.3% from cases with 14% cavity volume reduction, whereas in the cases with 28% cavity volume reduction the use of a uniform ring of 4mm width produced a marginal efficiency gain of 0.1% at the operational point.
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Dankert, Heiko, Jochen Horstmann e Wolfgang Rosenthal. "Detection of Extreme Waves in SAR Images and Radar-Image Sequences". In ASME 2002 21st International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2002-28160.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Extreme waves are often enclosed by other waves which are also higher than the average. These wave groups have to be taken into account for instance for the design of offshore platforms, breakwaters or ships, because successive high waves can cause more damage on those structures than the same waves separated by smaller waves. Further they can excite the resonance frequencies of moored structures like platforms due to non-linear effects or cause capsize. They are therefore of interest for engineers and scientists (e.g. Goda 1983). A method is presented to localize wave groups spatial and spatio-temporal utilizing synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and nautical radar-image sequences. The approach to detect wave groups is based on the detection of the wave envelope. It is assumed that the sea surface elevation can be treated as a Gaussian process. The method is applied to SAR images acquired by the European satellite ERS-1 and to radar-image sequences recorded by tower-based nautical radars. In contrast to 1D sensors like buoys the SAR records an image and gives therefore a 2D description of the sea surface by measuring the radar backscatter from the sea surface. The measurements taken by a nautical radar provide the possibility to record time series of images and therefore to get a 3D description of the sea surface. Radar-image sequences are acquired by recording the spatial and temporal evolution of the sea surface backscatter, which is modulated through the surface wave field. Nautical radar-image sequences allow to detect wave groups within a time span that makes it possible to start safety programs before the group reaches a platform. The existing data sets are exploited with respect to the recognition of extreme wave events.