Tesi sul tema "Whren"

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1

Kostas, Dimitris. "Initial public offerings on the London Stock Exchange". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/initial-public-offerings-on-the-london-stock-exchange(41d0c548-e6c5-4540-878f-3dbbf57688b7).html.

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This thesis examines the non-cash compensation paid to the underwriters/brokers during the flotation process and the IPO when-issued dealing market in one of the most successful and international stock exchanges around the world, the London Stock Exchange (LSE). The thesis consists of three essays that try to answer the following questions: Do IPO firms minimise their costs of going public by issuing warrants to their financial advisers? Does the when-issued dealing affect the setting of the offer price? The first essay examines the issue of warrants to brokers as part of their compensation package in non-underwritten offerings on the Alternative Investment Market of the LSE. The main finding is that IPO firms are able to make efficient decisions and choose the contract that minimises their costs. For companies that issue warrants to their brokers the total costs of going public are 22.74% (as a percentage of gross proceeds), but would have been 25.61% had they not issued them. This 2.87% reduction in costs is equivalent to 70.34% of the commission paid to the brokers by the IPO firms. The main source of this decrease in the costs is the lower underpricing the companies incur by granting warrants to their brokers. The second essay examines the use of non-cash compensation in underwritten IPOs. The findings suggest that firms that are cash constrained are more likely to issue warrants to their underwriters. In addition, underwriters appear to have the ability to time the issue of warrants because they include them as part of their compensation package when the market is doing well. Interestingly, warrant issuers are still able to minimise their costs of going public even under a very light regulatory setting underlying the use of non-cash compensation. The third essay examines the when-issued dealing in the Main Market of the LSE for an extensive period of time, 1996 to 2012. The main finding is that, in an institutional setting in which the when-issued dealing commences only after the allocation of shares and the offer price are announced, investors pay ‘rents’ to the underwriters in order to acquire IPO shares that will trade within the when-issued dealing. These ‘rents’ take the form of a higher offer price. In other words the when-issued dealing affects the setting of the offer price. For companies that have a when issued dealing the offer price is £3.4 but would have been 54% lower (£1.55) had these firms not had a when issued dealing.
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2

Allen, Erin Michelle. "A Tale of Two Generations: Re-Establishing Young Adult Literature in the Contemporary Classroom". OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1216.

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This thesis explores the history and current condition of contemporary young adult literature. It looks at why the genre has been marginalized, especially in relation to education and scholarly critique. Chapter one places Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter alongside the contemporary fiction of Hilary Jordan, When She Woke. The discussion of Jordan's work points out the importance of the contemporary work and how it can be used to enhance learning and appreciation for it's canonical predecessor. Chapter two looks at the ghost story as written for the younger range of young adult literature, the crossover novel, and adult literature. Lisa McMann's Cryer's Cross explores how death and ghosts affect those left behind after a trauma and is targeted to a young adult audience. Laura Kasischke's novel The Raising addresses ghostly existences when a college student is supposedly killed by her boyfriend. This book bridges the gap between young adult literature and adult literature. The Lovely Bones by Alice Sebold looks at death and loss from the vantage point of the dead and it's subtlety puts it in the group of adult literature. All three novels help their targeted audiences in differing ways and allows for self-exploration of beliefs and values.
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3

Itterman, Geraldine Lynn. "Communities : when we belong and when we trespass". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31352.

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While teachers and scholars agree on the benefits of building community in the classroom, and consequently work to develop communities within schools and classrooms, many of our students continue to struggle to belong. Indeed, many of them experience school as a place that is so void of community, that they experience themselves as trespassers on territory that for both known and unknown reasons is inaccessible to them. Similarly, their personal territories often fall victim to being trespassed upon by school communities that are not truly accepting of and inviting to all. Both experiences can inhibit a students' ability to experience a profound sense of belonging to their community. In turn, this experience of trespassing can ultimately inhibit learning. Inviting children to experience and explore different communities through story is a very effective means through which to build community in the classroom. Coupled with discussion and other language strategies, the telling and retelling of stories from communities near and far provokes the students to imagine alternative ways of existing in the world; it nurtures empathy and it embraces difference. Through listening to their stories, my stories and the stories of others, we all come to know and to understand the characters in our stories, and in doing so, we come to know ourselves. Ultimately, this heightened understanding of self and others establishes a framework for the children to experience a sincere sense of belonging within their classroom community. Using narrative inquiry and fictionalized life-writing, I examine my own experiences with belonging and trespassing. In my encounters with both familiar and unfamiliar communities, I explore the rewards and challenges that have awakened in me a poignant, yet basic, understanding and appreciation for others. It is this appreciation that compels me to nurture community in my classroom. It is this understanding that encourages me to immerse my students in the diverse and wonderful world of story.
Education, Faculty of
Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of
Graduate
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4

Dodd, Will. "Failure to Thrive: When to Watch and When to Test". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8943.

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5

Pronzato, Chiara Daniela. "When women work". Thesis, University of Essex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495617.

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6

Bergmann, Jens. "When compliance fails". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-199129.

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7

Tuma, Niemi Toivo. "When Braneworlds Collide". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teoretisk fysik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448725.

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Abstract (sommario):
This project is an investigation of a cosmological model consisting of a five dimensional AdS-vacuum with a flux. By discharges in the flux, four dimensional bubbles can nucleate in the vacuum and collide with each other while expanding. Our observable universe is considered to be localized on the membrane of such a bubble. The main purpose of the model was to find a possible explanation for dark energy and inflation. We compute the Friedmann equation for an expanding bubble, as well as analytical expressions for the two slow roll parameters ε and η related to slow roll inflation. We also show that there exists a set of parameters of the model where both slow roll parameters are small enough in order for inflation to last for at least 60 Hubble times. However, our model doesn’t survive all consistency checks with today’s observations. We conclude that even if the resulting slow roll parameters look promising, one has to either look harder for a set of ”good” fundamental parameters of the model, or further develop it to have a chance of surviving all consistency checks.
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Det här projektet undersöker en kosmologisk modell bestående av ett femdimensionellt vakuum med negativ rumtidkrökning. I vakuumet finns ett elektriskt fält, som i högre dimensioner än fyra kallas flux (flöde). Urladdningar i detta flux gör det möjligt för fyrdimensionella bubblor att uppstå i vakuumet. Dessa vakuumbubblor expanderar snabbt och kommer så småningom att kollidera med varandra. Tanken är att vårt fyrdimensionella observerbara universum utgör en del av membranet på en av dessa expanderande vakuumbubblor. De andra vakuumbubblorna kan - om man vill - betraktas som parallella universum. Målet med detta projekt har varit att hitta en möjlig model för kosmisk inflation - epoken i vårt universums ungdom då rummet expanderade enormt snabbt under en väldigt kort tidsperiod. Inflationen i vår modell äger rum när vakuumbubblan för vårt universum kolliderar med andra vakuumbubblor. Vi lyckades visa att den här modellen kan ge upphov till inflation som varar tillräckligt länge för att det ska stämma överens med dagens observationer av vårt observerbara universum. Dock förutspår modellen även andra saker som inte stämmer överens med observationerna. Vår slutsats är att modellen ser lovande ut, men att man antingen behöver undersöka den noggrannare eller utveckla den på något sätt, om den ska ha en chans att stämma överens med universumet vi observerar.

Presentationen skedde över videolänk på grund av Covid-19.

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8

Smook, Johan Fredrich. "When darkness summons". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30733.

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On the 8th of January 2005, two deep technical cave divers entered Bushman’s Hole, a water filled cave system in the Northern Cape in South Africa. One did not return, the other, fighting the elements for over 12 hours, narrated the event the very next day. This exploration into the narratives of a technical cave diver, is an interpretive journey into the various constructions informing the process of making sense of the death of a fellow dive partner. Exploration of the unknown within the wombs of the earth uncompromisingly challenges society’s dominant views on death and the safekeeping imperative. This exploration of the culture within death and survival in water filled cave systems is situated within the narrative ontology. Subsequently this exploration is aimed at continuously integrating the historical and cultural messages within this dangerous pastime in attempt to find meaning within the narratives of one such individual who ventured into this darkness. Ultimately this exploration is aimed at understanding narratives of sense making employed by a technical cave diver after the loss of a fellow diver amidst the passion that summoned them to explore the darkness within water filled cave systems; a pastime that has been labelled by some as the most dangerous sporting pursuit available to humankind. The journey starts with a literature exploration on death, moving through various researched understandings of the bereavement experience. From there it continues into the nature of interpretive methodology, with an in-depth focus on the historical and cultural situated nature of the narratives we employ in making sense of our world. This qualitative approach is based on the subjective experienced and interpreted meaning that I discovered while moving through the narrated text, hence this journey is also reflective of the co-construction of meaning that implicitly takes place between individuals when making sense of their own experiences. As the receiver of this narrative exploration, you too will find meaning within this journey, meaning co-constructed with the multitude of narratives and experiences that have historically and culturally entered your interpretive process. Implicit within this exploration is the unique nature of the death and bereavement experience within the specific context of deep technical cave diving. This journey places the emphasis on the uniqueness of the bereavement experience, and ultimately challenges the objective approach to dealing with bereavement as a psychologist. Copyright
Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Psychology
Unrestricted
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9

Lima, Giovanna C. "When Women Kill". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2385.

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The media is one of the strongest influences on how society views the criminal justice system and all actors therein. This is especially true for offenders of violent crime. Notably, women who kill are rare. However, when women do murder someone, the media tends to over expose them and portray them in different ways. The current study is intended to examine how the media portrays women murderers. In particular, this research is focused on how fictional and true crime programs portray female killers. Do they portray them in a positive or negative light? Do they portray them realistically? Are true crime shows more realistic than fictional crime shows? Each of these questions was explored and it was found that true crime programs, even though not wholly realistic, do portray women much more realistically than fictional shows. It is important to study these portrayals in order to understand how women killers are portrayed, how society views and interprets these particular criminals, and what are the steps necessary in order to prevent and change the way media process this crime.
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10

Langenbrunner, Mary R. "When Families Divorce". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3490.

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11

Pierce, Summer. "When I Wake". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2019. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2633.

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This paper sets out to detail the making of When I Wake with specific attention being paid to the mental processes of, the author, Summer Pierce throughout the undertaking. The paper, much like the filmmaking process, will discuss in succession the inspirations for the film, pre-production formulations, production of the film, post-production procedures, and analysis thereof.
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12

Oetama-Paul, Angela J. "When Organizations Can't Handle Survivors' Truths: Whistleblowing When Trauma is Involved". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1625676794240289.

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13

Song, Yujia Wolf Susan R. "When can we judge?" Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2915.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2010.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Jun. 23, 2010). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Philosophy." Discipline: Philosophy; Department/School: Philosophy.
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14

Temple, Daniel W. "When Islamists turn violent". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Jun%5FTemple.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2007.
Thesis Advisor(s): Jessica Piombo, Tuong Vu. "June 2007." Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-87). Also available in print.
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15

Coyne, Elizabeth. "When attitudes become form /". Online version of thesis, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/8826.

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16

Boden, Jane. "When IVF treatment fails". Thesis, University of Hull, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419766.

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Little is known of how patients cope when treatment fails and they are faced with the prospect of life without their 'own' child. Initial observations suggest that for some, the effects can be traumatic and long lasting. Thirty-five {narrative' interviews were carried out with patients and partners for whom treatment had failed five years previously. Transcripts were subject to formal thematic analysis. A significant factor, which emerged from a formal analysis of transcripts, was the role of 'hope'. Treatment offers the hope that they may have a child and this provides the motivation for treatment; alongside the urgent need to pre-empt future regrets. The failure of treatment does little to dent this hope as long as there is 'another chance', but not so when treatment is discontinued. Once the support provided by hope is removed, patients can struggle to make sense of their lives and patients may seek and need (but not receive) psychological support. A significant and unexpected finding was anger and the widespread feeling amongst patients that they had been abandoned at this time. It would appear that some form of closure regarding the ending of treatment is required. Research found some couples are able to reinvest in life goals and re-establish their relationships; however, there were a significant proportion of couples who were still struggling five years after their last attempt, to adapt to life without the child they had anticipated. Many couples move onto alternative options, i.e., adoption, however, not all couples recover from the trauma of the inability to parent at will and some relationships break down. There is an irrefutable lack of psychological support offered to couples going through assisted conception, and findings suggest indisputably that more support should be offered on a regular basis to couples going through this process and beyond
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17

Priori, Posada Giovanni F. "When a process starts". IUS ET VERITAS, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123687.

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This article explains when a judicial process starts, involving the exercise of fundamental procedural rights under the theory that is handled. Analyzing the current Peruvian legislation allows the author to conclude what concept or theory has chosen our Procedural Code. recognizing when the process starts, it is also mentioned that judicial protection must be even before any process.
El presente artículo explica cuando inicia un proceso judicial que supone el ejercicio de derechos fundamentales procesales según la teoría que se maneje. realizando un análisis de la actual legislación peruana, le permite concluir al autor cual es la concepción o teoría que nuestro Código Procesal ha optado. reconociendo cuando se entiende iniciado el proceso, se manifiesta que la tutela jurisdiccional debe ser incluso previa a dicho inicio.
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18

Goss, Scott. "When I'm Not Here". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1397773821.

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19

Dittus, Jami. "I Knew You When". VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1818.

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Four short stories and the first quarter of a novel revolve around characters sick with want, sick of and from the worlds in which they live. They crave connection with other people, often through indirect methods, but can’t always manage the connections they make with other characters. Objects, comforting and static when people cannot be, take prominence as connection to the real world.
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20

Hancock, Adam Michael. "When Brazilians brave Britain". Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/457176110/viewonline.

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21

Spicker, Clarice. "When Does Life Begin?" Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192995.

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22

Little, Hunter C. "When Sidestreets Become Snakes". TopSCHOLAR®, 2019. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3148.

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When Sidestreets Become Snakes is a collection of free verse poetry in which the speaker explores her family relationships and traumas through the use of various metaphors, personas, and imagery to illustrate significant moments in her life. Split into three sections, this collection follows the speaker through her childhood traumas and experiences, adolescent questioning of those experiences and relationships, and finally, her life as an adult in which she comes to accept the past, her family, and herself.
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23

Bell, Sarah Beth. "WHEN BRAIN STIMULATION BACKFIRES". UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/159.

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tDCS brain stimulation does not always work in the intended direction. It has been found to sometimes worsen behavior rather than improve it. A preliminary study shows that people high on sensation-seeking and lack of premeditation were prone to reverse effects of tDCS on performance on a Stop Signal Task. Both of these constructs are related to dopamine levels. Study 2 seeks to intentionally cause a reverse effect of tDCS by increasing participants’ dopamine levels via caffeine. There was not a significant interaction between tDCS and caffeine on errors on the Stop Signal Task in this study. However, other factors interacted with tDCS and caffeine including lack of premeditation. This two study package suggests the effects of tDCS are variable across individuals, with personality and neurochemistry both affecting behavioral outcomes of tDCS.
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Hason, LaiQuannah. "IF NOT NOW, WHEN?" Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2019. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/578705.

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Urban Bioethics
M.A.
Maternal Health requires a bioethical evaluation to thoroughly address and reduce the troubling statistics and events of pregnancy-related complications and maternal mortality. Maternal mortality affects African American women three to four times more than any other race, therefore presenting race as a factor. Types of experienced racism and the overall scientific pathway are explored in relation to the health of African-American women. Race-related stress and its association with adverse maternal health outcomes is an important issue to consider when evaluating the maternal health complications. In addition, addressing the result of unethical inequalities in the healthcare system in combination with other societal contributions is essential when trying to recognize its impact on the experience of pregnancy. This thesis explores the impact of racism on maternal outcomes and health of African-American mothers, beyond the commonly understood influences of other socio-economic factors.
Temple University--Theses
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25

Cochrane, Angela J. "When to correct errors when teaching a new task to children with autism". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc955059/.

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The purpose of this experiment was to investigate Tosti's proposal about the timing of feedback. The study examined whether it is better to correct immediately after the error occurs or whether it is better to wait until immediately before the next opportunity to respond. In addition, it aimed to determine whether corrections delivered at different times produced different learner affects. Four children with autism were taught to label two sets of pictures under the two different conditions. Results showed that the timing of the feedback yields similar results in regards to number of correct responses and total trial count. However, in regards to time spent in teaching and learner affect, correcting errors before the next opportunity to respond showed to be the more efficient procedure and produced more favorable affect.
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Cavalcanti, Jorge dos Santos. "Recupera??o e purifica??o de prote?nas do soro de queijo tipo coalho usando cromatografia de troca i?nica e intera??o hidrof?bica em leito na forma expandida". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15897.

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Expanded Bed Adsorption plays an important role in the downstream processing mainly for reducing costs as well as steps besides could handling cells homogenates or fermentation broth. In this work Expanded Bed Adsorption was used to recover and purify whey proteins from coalho cheese manufacture using Streamline DEAE and Streamline SP both ionic resins as well as a hydrophobic resin Streamline Phenyl. A column of 2.6 cm inner diameter with 30 cm in height was coupled to a peristaltic pump. Hydrodynamics study was carried out with the three resins using Tris-HCl buffer in concentration of 30, 50 and 70 mM, with pH ranging from 7.0 to 8.0. In this case, assays of the expansion degree as well as Residence Time Distribution (RTD) were carried out. For the recovery and purification steps, a whey sample of 200 mL, was submitted to a column with 25mL of resin previously equilibrated with Tris/HCl (50 mM, pH 7.0) using a expanded bed. After washing, elution was carried out according the technique used. For ionic adsorption elution was carried out using 100 mL of Tris/HCl (50 mM, pH 7.0 in 1M NaCl). For Hydrophobyc interaction elution was carried out using Tris/HCl (50 mM, pH 7.0). Adsorption runs were carried out using the three resins as well as theirs combination. Results showed that for hydrodynamics studies a linear fit was observed for the three resins with a correlation coefficient (R2) about 0.9. In this case, Streamline Phenyl showed highest expansion degree reaching an expansion degree (H0/H) of 2.2. Bed porosity was of 0.7 when both resins Streamline DEAE and Streamline SP were used with StremLine Phenyl showing the highest bed porosity about 0.75. The number of theorical plates were 109, 41.5 and 17.8 and the axial dipersion coefficient (Daxial) were 0.5, 1.4 and 3.7 x 10-6 m2/s, for Streamline DEAE, Streamline SP and Streamline Phenyl, respectively. Whey proteins were adsorved fastly for the three resins with equilibrium reached in 10 minutes. Breakthrough curves showed that most of proteins stays in flowthrough as well as washing steps with 84, 77 and 96%, for Streamline DEAE, Streamline SP and Streamline Phenyl, respectively. It was observed protein peaks during elution for the three resins used. According to these peaks were identified 6 protein bands that could probably be albumin (69 KDa), lactoferrin (76 KDa), lactoperoxidase (89 KDa), β-lactoglobulin (18,3 KDa) e α-lactoalbumin (14 KDa), as well as the dimer of beta-lactoglobulin. The combined system compound for the elution of Streamline DEAE applied to the Streamline SP showed the best purification of whey proteins, mainly of the α-lactoalbumina
A adsor??o em leito expandido vem se destacando como uma t?cnica promissora dentro do downstream processing por ser de f?cil manuseio, baixo custo, diminuir etapas de processamento e utilizar o material particulado no seu estado natural. Portanto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo recuperar e purificar prote?nas presentes no soro de queijo tipo coalho, atrav?s da t?cnica de adsor??o em leito expandido, utilizando resinas de troca ani?nica Streamline DEAE e troca cati?nica Streamline SP e intera??o hidrof?bica Streamline Phenyl,. Foi utilizada uma coluna de 2,6 cm de di?metro interno por 30 cm de altura, acoplada a uma bomba perist?ltica. Para o estudo do sistema foram realizados testes de hidrodin?mica e corridas de adsor??o, com as tr?s resinas, na presen?a de tamp?es Tris-HCl nas concentra??es 30, 50 e 70 mM, com pHs ajustados usando HCl para 7,0; 7,5 e 8,0. Para os testes hidrodin?micos foram estudados a expans?o do leito e a Distribui??o do Tempo de Resid?ncia (DTR). Na etapa de recupera??o e purifica??o, uma amostra de solu??o de soro de 200 mL foi aplicada, a temperatura ambiente, a uma coluna contendo resina (25 mL) previamente equilibrada em tamp?o Tris/HCl (50 mM e pH 7,0), ap?s lavagem efetuou-se a elui??o de acordo com o tipo de t?cnica utilizada. Dessa forma, para adsor??o com troca i?nica a elui??o ocorria com adi??o do eluente 100 mL Tris/HCl (50 mM, pH 7,0 em NaCl 1M). No caso de intera??o hidrof?bica, o eluente consistia de Tris/HCl (50 mM e pH 7,0). Os ensaios de adsor??o foram realizados com as resinas Streamline DEAE, Streamline SP e Streamline Phenyl e suas combina??es. Os resultados mostraram que para as condi??es em que foram realizados os ensaios fluidodin?micos e para o tipo de coluna utilizada, houve uma tend?ncia a linearidade, o coeficiente de correla??o (R2) foi da ordem de 0,9 e que a resina Streamline Phenyl obteve um maior grau de expans?o que as outras resinas, chegando a uma rela??o H0/H de 2,2. A porosidade do leito usando as resinas DEAE e SP foi de 0,70 e da resina Phenyl foi um pouco maior, em torno de 0,75. O n?mero de pratos te?ricos foi 109, 41,5 e 17,8 e o coeficiente de dispers?o axial (Daxial) foi de 0,5, 1,4 e 3,7 x 10-6 m2/s, para as resinas Streamline DEAE, Streamline SP e Streamline Phenyl, respectivamente. As prote?nas do soro s?o adsorvidas nas tr?s resinas e a concentra??o de prote?na em solu??o diminui rapidamente nos primeiros instantes do processo de adsor??o, sendo o equil?brio alcan?ado nos primeiros 10 minutos. Ao se aplicar o soro bruto sem tratamento para as tr?s resinas at? a satura??o (ruptura), embora exista adsor??o das prote?nas para essas resinas, perde-se grande parte dessas prote?nas nas etapas de passante e lavagem. Essas perdas somam 84, 77 e 96%, para as resinas Streamline DEAE, Streamline SP e Strealine Phenyl, respectivamente. Entretanto, pode-se recuperar 16, 23 e 4%, respectivamente, para as tr?s resinas. As tr?s resinas estudadas apresentaram picos de prote?nas na elui??o. De acordo com esses picos, foram identificadas 6 bandas de prote?nas. Provavelmente essas prote?nas sejam: albumina (69 KDa), lactoferrina (76 KDa) e lactoperoxidase (89 KDa), β-lactoglobulina (18,3 KDa) e α-lactoalbumina (14 KDa), d?mero da β -lactoglobulina. Portanto, as resinas estudadas s?o compat?veis para serem utilizadas em leito expandido. O sistema formado pela elui??o da Streamline DEAE quando foi aplicada na resina Streamline SP, tende a uma melhor purifica??o das prote?nas do soro, principalmente da α-lactoalbumina
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27

Seybolt, Taylor. "Knights in shining armor? : when humanitarian military intervention works and when it does not". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9699.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Political Science, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references.
Military intervention for stated humanitarian purposes has been undertaken on several occasions since the end of the Cold War. It is bound to be attempted again, yet academics and policy makers have left fundamental questions unanswered. Have past humanitarian military interventions saved lives? Under what conditions is humanitarian intervention likely to save lives in the future? Case studies of humanitarian interventions in northern Iraq from 1991 through 1996, Somalia from 1992 to 1995, and Rwanda in 1994 reveal that seven out of ten military operations saved more lives than would have been saved in the absence of intervention. However, the number of lives saved was lower than is commonly believed, ranging from thousands in Iraq to tens of thousands in Rwanda, not the hundreds of thousands governments claim. Humanitarian intervention saved lives in all three countries, suggesting that contextual variables -- such as the immediate causes of death and the particular causes of political break down -- do not determine success or failure. Five factors determine success and failure. They are the (1) balance between an intervenor's humanitarian and political objectives, (2) strategy employed by the intervening force, (3) intervenor's capabilities, (4) level of coordination between humanitarian and military organizations, and (5) length of delay before an international response. My research suggests humanitarian.an intervention is very likely to save lives when the intervenor(s) has political objectives as well as humanitarian ones, follows an operational strategy that is determined by needs on the ground rather than preconceptions, has the capability to dominate the battlefield and communicate with the local population, actively coordinates the interaction between humanitarian and military organizations, and responds to a humanitarian emergency quickly. In most cases, the optimal conditions for humanitarian intervention are not present because the states that are capable of intervening do not feel their national interests are engaged. As a result, they respond slowly (timing), do not plan their actions well (strategy and coordination), and have little motivation to persist when costs begin to rise (objectives and capabilities).
by Taylor Bond Seybolt.
Ph.D.
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28

Rugbeer, Yasmin. "Deceptive communication : when it is legitimate to deceive others, and when it is not". Thesis, University of Zululand, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/52.

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Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF LITERATURE AND PHILOSOPHY in the subjecr of Communication Science at the University of Zululand, 2005.
In this dissertation, I present the results of an analysis of the nature of deceptive communication. I examine when it is legitimate to deceive others and when it is not. The first part of the study renews theories and literature relevant to understanding and defining deceptive communication, human perceptions values and beliefs. I examine possible reasons why animals engage in deceptive communication. I focus on interpersonal deception; self-deception; persuasion and propaganda; nonverbal communication and people's inability to make accurate judgements of deception and ethical perspectives on deception. Subsequent chapters describe the construction of a survey instrument employed to measure and evaluate the extent of deceptive communication among university students. Penultimate chapters blend the insights gained from this literature review to interpret the results, obtained through the quantitative research methodology, to describe a set of conclusions and recommendations in the context of deceptive communication - when it is legitimate to deceive others and when it is not.
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29

Ryen, Lisa. "“O, she is rich in beauty; only poor that when she dies, with beauty dies her store” : Rosaline in Shakespeare’s sixteenth-century play Romeo and Juliet and Rebecca Serle’s young adult novel When You Were Mine". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-40553.

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This essay conducts a comparative analysis of the importance of the character Rosaline and the differences in her portrayal in two works: William Shakespeare’s 1590s play Romeo and Juliet and Rebecca Serle’s young adult novel When You Were Mine (2012). The essay especially looks into Rosaline’s importance for Romeo and Juliet’s relationship in the play and the novel. In relation to the play the essay also briefly discusses Franco Zeffirelli’s film adaptation Romeo and Juliet (1968) to show why it is important to keep Rosaline in the story. I argue that Shakespeare and Serle make use of the genres within which they work to tell slightly different versions of the story and Rosaline’s place in it. More specifically, I show how the literary and formal conventions of the genres affect the story by highlighting specific features, characters and events, which results in two works suited for different target audiences. In the end it is clear that Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet is made for a Renaissance audience, while When You Were Mine is written for today’s young adults.
I den här uppsatsen genomför jag en jämförande analys gällande karaktären Rosalines betydelse och olikheterna i hennes skildring i två verk: William Shakespeares 1590-talspjäs Romeo och Julia samt Rebecca Serles ungdomsroman When You Were Mine (2012). Uppsatsen undersöker speciellt Rosalines betydelse för Romeo och Julias relation i pjäsen och romanen. I förhållande till pjäsen diskuteras kort Franco Zeffirellis filmadaption Romeo och Julia (1968) för att visa på Rosalines nödvändighet i pjäsen. Jag hävdar att Shakespeare och Serle drar nytta av de olika genrerna de skrivit inom för att berätta två något annorlunda historier och att detta påverkar Rosalines plats i dem. Mer specifikt visar jag hur de olika genrernas litterära och formella konventionerna påverkar historien genom att lyfta fram specifika funktioner, karaktärer så väl som händelser, vilket leder till två olika verk som passar olika målgrupper. I slutändan är det tydligt att Shakespeares Romeo och Julia gjordes för en renässanspublik, medan When You Were Mine skrevs för dagens ungdomar.
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Ginns, Paul William Education Faculty of Arts &amp Social Sciences UNSW. "When imagining instructions is effective". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Education, 2002. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/18634.

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Learning from worked examples typically involves study activities, involving reading such materials carefully and attempting to understand the information presented. Considerable evidence has amassed regarding the benefits for novices of studying appropriately constructed worked examples paired with practice questions. However, prior research from the cognitive and sports psychology literatures suggests mental practice of worked examples may be an effective adjunct to studying such materials. Meta-analyses of these literatures suggest the utility of mental practice depends upon the degree of cognitive elements contained within a task, and also suggest that some prior knowledge of a task is necessary for mental practice to be effective. The present series of studies aimed to identify conditions under which mental practice is effective in educationally realistic, highly cognitive domains. Based on the above meta-analytic results, mental practice was hypothesised to enhance learning over further study in highly cognitive domains, but only when students either had sufficient prior knowledge, or were able to develop such knowledge over the course of an instructional intervention. Study activities were primarily expected to support knowledge acquisition, while imagining-based activities (mental practice) were expected to support knowledge automation. The experiments herein thus investigated interactions between levels of prior knowledge, complexity of instructional material, and levels of learning from imagination versus conventional study strategies. In Experiment 1, under conditions of low prior knowledge and complex material (HTML), students who studied worked examples outperformed those who imagined. Experiment 2, using simplified but still complex materials and a similar participant pool, found no differences between conditions, but Experiment 3, using stricter experimental design, found a study effect. In Experiment 4, an imagination effect was found under high prior knowledge. Experiment 5, using less experienced learners, suggested those who studied outperformed those whom imagined on acquisition questions. Experiment 6 found a sequence of study then imagination is more effective than imagination then study. The results have broad application for effective sequencing of these instructional strategies, but development of an accurate metric for imagination "readiness" is required to advance theory and practice, and more evidence is needed for a schema automation explanation of mental practice effects.
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31

Kramer, Alejandra Letelier. "When the political is personal /". Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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32

Gallemore, Thomas W. I. (Thomas Wilson Ira) 1969. "Virtual workplaces : when metaphors breakdown". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66382.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-81).
Our model of work is shaped by the places we choose to work and the tools we choose to work with. As we introduce new technologies and build new environments our model is changing. Today's virtual workplaces are grounded in models of work that have been reformed from our experiences using current technology in physical workspace. However we are discovering opportunities and possibilities for work in collaborative, virtual environments that question physical models. Emerging patterns of distributed collaboration in persistent virtual environments are changing the way we work in time and space, recasting our notion of workplace. Virtual workplaces are interpreted and experienced through metaphors that describe a space of potential for work occurrences. Through the lens of metaphors, this research focuses on breakdowns between collaborative work and the environment in which work occurs. If what we understand and predict is based on what we already know, then by examining the breakdowns between design and use of collaborative environments we can illuminate the space of possibilities for collaborative work.
by Thomas W.I. Gallemore.
M.S.
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33

Harrison, Jeff. "When Girls Can Be Girls". College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622104.

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34

Sforzi, Federico. "Wēijī : When Wounds Become Opportunities". Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-223641.

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Amatrice is the subject of the project. The small Italian village located in the Apennines, 150 km north from Rome, lived the 24th August 2016 one of the most terrible moment in its entire history: a dreadful earthquake of magnitude 6.0 M hit the town destroying the entire historical centre and leaving 300 of its 2600 inhabitants under the rubble of the collapsed buildings. The following months have seen an attempt to face the emergency by providing the first aid and services to the wounded population, but major questions are still unanswered: what is the future of Amatrice and its inhabitants? What will remain of the city after the tremendous catastrophe? What will be changed? The project tries to give an answer to these questions reflecting upon the role of architecture in situation of catastrophic events. What can architecture do after a catastrophe?Which is its role in the process of reconstruction?How to rebuild a city completely wiped out by the catastrophe? What to keep? What to give back? What to add? What to erase?
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35

Volvovsky, Hagay(Hagay Constantin), Ray E. Reagans e Ronald S. Burt. "When will they (ever) learn?" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/130222.

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Thesis: S.M in Management Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, September, 2020
Hagay Volvovsky is the sole author of thesis. Ray Reagans and Ron Burt are professors and not authors. Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 17-21).
Learning is an often given explanation for why social networks improve performance. For example, a closed network allows individuals to identify and share best practices and to coordinate joint problem solving and each is conducive for learning. Despite the widespread belief that networks affect learning, there is little direct evidence linking social networks to learning. And opposing network features are often emphasized. While some scholars have emphasized the importance of closed networks, others have highlighted networks that span structural holes, a network form that encourages divergent thinking and creative problem solving. Without direct evidence, we do not know if social networks affect learning, and if they do which network forms are most conducive for learning. We analyzed learning rates across 45 teams that varied in terms of how team members were allowed to communicate with each other. All teams exhibited evidence for learning but teams in open networks learned faster than teams in closed networks. The best teams, however, combined elements of open and closed network structures. We discuss the implications of our results for research on networks, knowledge transfer, and learning.
by Ray Reagans, Hagay Volvovsky, Ron Burt.
S.M in Management Research
S.MinManagementResearch Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management
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36

Buszka, Eva. "KÄRLEKSLJUSET - When children meet light". Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-282888.

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Small children are fascinated by light and like to play with it. As lighting designers weshould be aware of this natural enthusiasm and take advantage of it. Introducing thechildren to light carefully and providing them with lighting design that meets them, wehave the chance to advance the children´s interest so that it can develop to a highsensitivity to light until adulthood.In my thesis I present the light project that took place in many Swedish kindergartensin the past few years and that was started to introduce the children to light. I approachedthe topic by researching about the pedagogy the project is based on andanalizing the activities that it contains. By a vivid dialog with the kindergartenteachers, my own observation of the children and the study of documentation materialfrom the kindergarten I got to know about the children´s relation and approach tolight. Using this knowledge I was able to define some important factors to followdesigning light for children. One of those factors is the aim to offer an open, flexibleand variable lighting solution creating an environment that encourages the children tocontrol and to adjust the lighting. Another factor is the ambition to make lighting designthat encourages the children to find the perfect lighting situation on their own.Furthermore should the kindergarten be a place, where it is allowed to play with lightand where light plays a major part in the children's daily routines.
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37

Denison, E. Scott. "When Designers Ask, "What If?"". The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366115280.

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38

Povozhaev, Lea M. "When Russia Came to Stay". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1175874818.

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39

Myers, Rickey L. "When change is no choice". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.

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40

Bláhovec, Bohdan. "When The Show! is Over". Master's thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze.Filmová a televizní fakulta. Knihovna, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-263240.

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41

Langenbrunner, Mary R. "Mediation: What? Who? When? How?" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3483.

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42

Foxall, Gemma. "When autism strikes (an exegesis)". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2299.

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The structure of this thesis is twofold: a creative work and exegesis. The creative work is a book entitled When Autism Strikes, and documents my family's journey into the world of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and the actions taken to reduce the disabling features of my son's diagnosis. The text is supplemented with commentary sections, presenting information gathered from my professional and personal experiences. The creative work uses the writing genre known as Creative Nonfiction and shares scenes over the course of one year in the characters’ lives. Character development and first person dialogue create an emotive narrative to link together clinical disciplines not usually integrated in published work. Relevant in-text links to academic literature and references are cited at the end of each of the three parts, so that readers are supported to learn more about significant publications. Key features of Autism Spectrum Disorder that underpin the clinical diagnostic terms are incorporated into the story to demonstrate the complexity and broadness of the condition. Whilst the creative work has implicit discussion points and messages, the exegesis explicitly explores and reviews the issues highlighted in the creative work. The methodology underpinning this research is Practice-based research, and sourced data according to the four perspectives I bring to the project, that of: therapist, researcher, parent and teacher. The evolution of the research design is discussed in the exegesis and how data were presented to produce the creative work. When Autism Strikes communicates information in a new way, thereby creating a novel contribution to the academic community, and pending future publication, the broader audience for whom it is written.
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43

Wang, David I.-Chung. "Speaker diarization : "who spoke when"". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/59624/1/David_Wang_Thesis.pdf.

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Speaker diarization is the process of annotating an input audio with information that attributes temporal regions of the audio signal to their respective sources, which may include both speech and non-speech events. For speech regions, the diarization system also specifies the locations of speaker boundaries and assign relative speaker labels to each homogeneous segment of speech. In short, speaker diarization systems effectively answer the question of ‘who spoke when’. There are several important applications for speaker diarization technology, such as facilitating speaker indexing systems to allow users to directly access the relevant segments of interest within a given audio, and assisting with other downstream processes such as summarizing and parsing. When combined with automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, the metadata extracted from a speaker diarization system can provide complementary information for ASR transcripts including the location of speaker turns and relative speaker segment labels, making the transcripts more readable. Speaker diarization output can also be used to localize the instances of specific speakers to pool data for model adaptation, which in turn boosts transcription accuracies. Speaker diarization therefore plays an important role as a preliminary step in automatic transcription of audio data. The aim of this work is to improve the usefulness and practicality of speaker diarization technology, through the reduction of diarization error rates. In particular, this research is focused on the segmentation and clustering stages within a diarization system. Although particular emphasis is placed on the broadcast news audio domain and systems developed throughout this work are also trained and tested on broadcast news data, the techniques proposed in this dissertation are also applicable to other domains including telephone conversations and meetings audio. Three main research themes were pursued: heuristic rules for speaker segmentation, modelling uncertainty in speaker model estimates, and modelling uncertainty in eigenvoice speaker modelling. The use of heuristic approaches for the speaker segmentation task was first investigated, with emphasis placed on minimizing missed boundary detections. A set of heuristic rules was proposed, to govern the detection and heuristic selection of candidate speaker segment boundaries. A second pass, using the same heuristic algorithm with a smaller window, was also proposed with the aim of improving detection of boundaries around short speaker segments. Compared to single threshold based methods, the proposed heuristic approach was shown to provide improved segmentation performance, leading to a reduction in the overall diarization error rate. Methods to model the uncertainty in speaker model estimates were developed, to address the difficulties associated with making segmentation and clustering decisions with limited data in the speaker segments. The Bayes factor, derived specifically for multivariate Gaussian speaker modelling, was introduced to account for the uncertainty of the speaker model estimates. The use of the Bayes factor also enabled the incorporation of prior information regarding the audio to aid segmentation and clustering decisions. The idea of modelling uncertainty in speaker model estimates was also extended to the eigenvoice speaker modelling framework for the speaker clustering task. Building on the application of Bayesian approaches to the speaker diarization problem, the proposed approach takes into account the uncertainty associated with the explicit estimation of the speaker factors. The proposed decision criteria, based on Bayesian theory, was shown to generally outperform their non- Bayesian counterparts.
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44

Rodin, Christina. "Barn i Sorg : pedagogens viktiga roll för barn i sorg". Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-2217.

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Abstract

This work is about children in sorrow. I have chosen to set the focus on the school and the

teacher’s role in the meeting with mourning children and the difference between boys and

girls reactions when mourning.

The awareness and the great importance for a teachers knowledge to meet a child in mourning,

is something I myself has experienced when a child in nursery school lost one parent

through accident.

The result of the study reflects on four teachers and two headmasters experience of children in

sorrow and literature in the subject. It is important that the school and the teachers are aware

of the importance about the knowledge in the subject to be able to meet a mourning child in

need.

Keywords: Children, reactions when mourning, sorrow, the teacher’s role

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45

Kountz, Dustin D. "Determining Kinetics for Simulated Sunlight-Exposed Oil Compounds". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2014. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1879.

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Understanding of the fate of oil in the environment is of utmost importance; however, accurate, predictive models are still in very early stages. To aid in the development of these models, photodegradation of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in an n-alkane hydrocarbon matrix was followed for individual PAHs and mixtures of PAHs similar to that found in the Deepwater Horizon spill. Tetracene in tetradecane photodegraded quickest of all observed PAHs, with a loss of 99% after only one hour of irradiation. Binary mixtures of PAHs showed different degradation amounts, including changes in PAH kinetics. These results suggest that the formation of dimers or aggregates as well as photosensitization reaction is important in the degradation of PAHs in oil. Kinetics of PAH photodegradation and PAH sensitized photodegradation will be presented. This information will provide a better understanding of the fate of oil in environmental systems.
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46

ANDRADE, SÉRGIO PEREIRA. "WHEN THOUGHT COMES DANCING, WHEN SOVEREIGNTY TREMBLES: EVENT TO COME, DEMOCRACY TO COME, REASON TO COME". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=32387@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
PROGRAMA DE DOUTORADO SANDUÍCHE NO EXTERIOR
Esta tese discute relações ético-políticas entre o pensar a dança e o pensar a filosofia a partir da desconstrução de Jacques Derrida. Toma como premissa que a dança performa um modo de pensamento desafiador para a herança arquipedagógico-filosófica que encerra a filosofia na tarefa restrita ao cálculo apreensível e antecipatório mano-visual. Em sua aproximação, o que entendemos como pensamento da dança faz tremer essa perspectiva, o que não significa dizer que a dança e seus artistas tenham meios para questionar a filosofia, mas que são portadores de um pensar que não se encerra no campo da produção conceitual filosófica. Assim, com a aproximação entre dança e filosofia, pretende-se explorar algumas possibilidades que se abrem, em tal encontro, para a experiência de um pensamento transdisciplinar e não conceitual. O argumento é desenvolvido a partir de três importantes noções pensadas pelo filósofo franco-argelino: evento por vir, democracia por vir e razão por vir — que são suplementares à tarefa de abertura radical do sim, sim ao pensar. Outras temáticas derridianas correlacionadas à discussão que aqui se propõe são abordadas, como: o direito à filosofia, a questão da ipseidade, a espectralidade, o mal de arquivo, o fato econômico circular e narrativo e o pensar em não ver. Apesar de se concentrar majoritariamente em questões lançadas por Derrida, esta tese evoca um tom multiautoral, combinando outras assinaturas de filosofia, teorias da dança e estudos da performance (bem como obras de dança e artes da performance).
The dissertation discusses ethical and political relations between thinking dance and thinking philosophy with Jacques Derrida s deconstruction. Its premise is that dance performs a way of thinking that challenges the arch-pedagogyphilosophical heritage that closes philosophy at the restricted task of hand-visual calculation. In its approach, what we understand as dance s thought shakes this perspective, which doesn t means that the dance and its artists have the means to question the philosophy, but who are carriers of a thinking that does not end in the field of philosophical conceptual production. Thus with the approach between dance and philosophy, we intend to explore some possibilities that open for the experience of a cross-disciplinary thinking and not conceptual. The argument is developed from three important notions designed by the French-Algerian philosopher: event to come, democracy to come and reason to come - that works together in the radical opening task of yes, yes to the thinking. Other Derridean themes are dialogued as: right to philosophy, ipseity, spectrality, archive fever, narrative and circular economic factor and blind thinking. Although the dissertation is focused mainly on Derrida s proposals its text evokes a multiauthorial tone, combining other signatures of Philosophy, Theories of Dance and Performance Studies, as well as works of dance and performance.
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47

Ehst, Kendall Ryan. "When To Stay, When To Go: A Cost-Benefits Analysis of Church Membership and Regular Attendance". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30872.

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Abstract (sommario):
The membership numbers of most of the Protestant denominations in the United States have been decreasing for a number of years. Much of the research studying this phenomenon has used demographic data and surveys of former members to understand reasons for leaving. This qualitative study uses a phenomenological perspective to understand the lived experience of eight former members of the Sunrise Mennonite Church. One former leader and three current church leaders from the Sunrise Mennonite Church were also interviewed for their perspective of the costs and benefits of church membership. The findings of this study were consistent with the literature across two main themes. First, a significant attraction and benefit of church membership is the support and fellowship experienced from close friendships within the church. Relationships as a whole are important, and negative interactions within the church can serve to damage oneâ s satisfaction with a church as a whole. A second factor affecting church membership is the change experienced by church members and the change that occurs in the culture of the surrounding community. These changes lead to new and different preferences of the church members, and if these can not be incorporated into their churches, these members may leave their church.
Master of Science
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48

Olofsson, Christina. "Leadership and Group Dynamics in Lord of the Flies and Tomorrow, When the War Began". Thesis, Karlstad University, Division for Culture and Communication, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-4875.

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Abstract (sommario):

The purpose of this essay is to compare and contrast the two novels by focusing

on leadership and group dynamics. First, I explain some general terms like

primary and secondary groups, leader and leadership, and five different

leadership styles (autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire, task-motivated and

relationship-motivated leader), and then I apply the terms to the novels. In the

analysis I examine how some followers and group constellations react to different

kinds of leadership, and how the three leaders choose to approach their roles and

why they become successful or not.

The effect the democratic leadership has on both leaders and followers differs

between the novels. Homer in Tomorrow, When the War Began trusts his leadership

skills and gets appreciation from the primary group of friends he leads, while

Ralph in Lord of the Flies is disobeyed and challenged by his secondary group.

The group of teenagers grows stronger together, while the island boys disband as a

result of the power struggle between Ralph and Jack. The latter trusts his charisma

and threatens and punishes the boys in order to keep them under control. Jack

seems successful as an autocratic leader, since his followers carry out his orders

and let him be the unquestioned leader, but he is in the final analysis unsuccessful

since he fails to put the needs of his followers before his own strong desire for

power. Both Homer and Jack are strong leaders of their own primary group, and

one argument why they are more successful than Ralph is the loyalty they receive

from their followers. However, the reason for their faithfulness differs. In

Homer’s case it is friendship, and in Jack’s case it is fear of what he will do to

them if they defy him.

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49

Cole, Wayne M. "What people hear when we preach". Chicago, Ill : McCormick Theological Seminary, 1998. http://www.tren.com.

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50

Hedner, Benjamin, Karl Irgens Eliasson e Pär Isaksson. "Factors affecting Women when choosing Contraceptives". Thesis, Karlstad University, Karlstad University, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-1183.

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