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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "White clover"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 21 febbraio 2023

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "White clover"

Eden, T. M., P. J. Gerard, D. J. Wilson e N. L. Bell. "Effects of invertebrate pests on white and annual clovers in dryland soil". New Zealand Plant Protection 63 (1 agosto 2010): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2010.63.6574.

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Two experiments were carried out at Ruakura in soil taken from Whatawhata hill country pasture The relative susceptibility of several annual clovers (Trifolium spp) and perennial white clover (T repens) to slugs (Deroceras reticulatum) clover root weevil (Sitona lepidus) adults native crickets (Nemobius sp) or wheat bugs (Nysius huttoni) was tested by sowing seed of the clovers into separate rows in turf Susceptibility of clovers to clover cyst nematode (Heterodera trifolii) was tested by sowing each clover variety into Whatawhata soil inoculated with the nematode Plant growth was assessed in both experiments 4 weeks after sowing White clover was more susceptible to pests than the annual clovers with slugs and clover root weevil significantly reducing seedling survival and clover cyst nematode significantly reducing plant growth Subterranean clover (T subterraneum) cv Denmark was the least affected by pests showing no significant reduction in survival in the presence of slugs the most damaging pest and no significant decrease in plant root and shoot dry weight when exposed to nematodes

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Rhodes, Ian, e K. Judith Webb. "Improvement of White Clover". Outlook on Agriculture 22, n. 3 (settembre 1993): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003072709302200310.

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The need to reduce economic and environmental costs of livestock agriculture has led to a resurgence of interest in forage legumes, particularly white clover, However, despite a recognition of the benefits accruing from its high herbage quality and the nitrogen fixation from its symbiosis with the Rhizobium bacterium, the widespread use of white clover by farmers has been inhibited by several perceived Problems. Foremost amongst these have been a reputation for unreliable yield, lack of persistency under intensive grazing and propensity to cause bloat in cattle. Conventional breeding techniques coupled with extensive genetic resources and a growing understanding of the physiological basis of variation in yield and persistency have already resulted in the development of new reliably productive varieties. These varieties will provide a cornerstone for sustainable livestock agriculture in upland and lowland areas of the UK and Europe. The successful application of techniques of biotechnology to white clover has accelerated in recent years. An array of approaches is now available which will open the way for its genetic manipulation and subsequent germplasm enhancement. These approaches range from the routine maintenance and propagation of plants in vitro to the production of transgenic plants, and offer possibilities of altering radically the nature of white clover in the future.

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Norton, M. R., e G. R. Johnstone. "Occurrence of alfalfa mosaic, clover yellow vein, subterranean clover red leaf, and white clover mosaic viruses in white clover throughout Australia". Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 49, n. 4 (1998): 723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a97114.

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The levels of infection with 4 viruses in young white clover (Trifolium repens L.) plots sown in 1991 or 1992 were monitored at a total of 17 sites across the 6 States of Australia. Tests were undertaken for alfalfa mosaic (AMV), clover yellow vein (ClYVV), subterranean clover red leaf (SCRLV) (syn. soybean dwarf), and white clover mosaic (WClMV) viruses on field samples of 17 different cultivars, plus a local naturalised ecotype at each location, twice yearly over 3 years. The tests were undertaken using double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DASELISA). AMV and WClMV were the most common and widespread viruses. They infected plants atmany sites soon after establishment and then rapidly increased to high levels, occasionally exceeding 90% of plants. In contrast, at some sites, no infection with these viruses was detected. Analysis of the infection data at 4 sites, where significant spread of AMV occurred, indicated that the epidemics developed like compound interest models. Tests for SCRLV were done only in 1994 when moderate levels of infection were found at most southern, winter-rainfall dominant sites. The occurrence o fClYVV was sporadic and infection levels were always low.

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POTTER, L. R. "The effects of white clover mosaic virus on vegetative growth and yield of clones of S.100 white clover". Plant Pathology 42, n. 5 (ottobre 1993): 797–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1993.tb01567.x.

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Gerard, P. J., C. M. Ferguson e S. Van Amsterdam. "Comparison of New Zealand perennial clovers for resilience against common pasture pests". New Zealand Plant Protection 70 (25 luglio 2017): 241–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2017.70.57.

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Clovers (Trifolium spp.) are vulnerable to a large number of invertebrate pests so pest resilience amongst 19 leading commercial or near release New Zealand-bred clover cultivars was compared. Laboratory feeding choice tests comparing foliage from the test clovers against Grasslands Kopu II as the standard confirmed that red clovers (T. pratense) were less preferred than white clovers (T. repens) by adult clover root weevil and clover flea. Grey field slug showed no preference between red and white clovers, with the white clover Grassland Prestige performing the best. Porina larvae had lowest weight gains on strawberry clover (T. fragiferum). Subsequent tests using neonate greenheaded leafroller larvae and an artificial diet made with freeze-dried foliage from cultivars in the most and least preferred subgroups indicated antifeedant compounds, rather than leaf morphology, are likely responsible for differences in feeding preferences between red and white clovers.

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Francini, A., C. Nali, V. Picchi e G. Lorenzini. "Metabolic changes in white clover clones exposed to ozone". Environmental and Experimental Botany 60, n. 1 (maggio 2007): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2006.06.004.

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Belgrave, B. "Factors influencing farmer acceptance and uptake of new white clover cultivars". NZGA: Research and Practice Series 6 (1 gennaio 1996): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.6.1995.3377.

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White clover is important to New Zealand pastoral farming yet uptake of new agronomically superior cultivars by farmers is slower than expected. Three main areas which explain why this is occurring are: 1. The need to demonstrate economic benefits due to superior agronomic performance of new cultivars to overcome barriers such as price and farmers satisfaction with existing products. 2. Farmers are influenced by advice of seed retailers/extension personnel, their knowledge of white clover cultivars, local research, and their economic situation. 3. White clover seed quantity and quality has been adversely affected by poor weather conditions at flowering and harvest over the last 3 or 4 years. Seed availability is also being affected by the cultivar change regulations and the changing land use patterns of Canterbury. The problem is magnified by the increasing number of white clovers being grown on a decreasing land base. For greater uptake and use of new white clovers, strategies that deal with all three areas are required. Keywords: buying decision, economic benefit, farmer use, seed availability, white clover

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Gerard, Crush, e S. Rasmussen. "Formononetin in clovers as a feeding deterrent against clover root weevil". NZGA: Research and Practice Series 12 (1 gennaio 2006): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.12.2006.3027.

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The effect of leaf feeding by adult clover root weevils on the isoflavonoid content of red and white clovers was investigated in a glasshouse experiment. Lines of both clovers previously selected for variation in formononetin content were used. A higher percentage of white clover leaves than red clover leaves were damaged by the weevils, and the high formononetin red clover was least readily eaten. The formononetin content of the white clovers did not differ between the selections, was much lower than in the red clovers, and did not change in response to weevil feeding. In both red clover lines, formononetin and biochaninA levels rose in response to weevil feeding, suggesting that both compounds have antifeedant properties against clover root weevil. Because high foliar levels of oestrogenic compounds like formononetin threaten fertility of grazing sheep it is concluded that plant breeding programmes should increase the levels of formononetin and/or biochaninA in clover roots to mitigate the impact of weevil larval feeding on roots and nodules.

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ANNICCHIARICO, P., e E. PIANO. "Response of white clover genotypes to intergenotypic and interspecific interference". Journal of Agricultural Science 128, n. 4 (giugno 1997): 431–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859697004334.

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Six white clover genotypes that were easily distinguishable from each other on the basis of leaf lamina marks and morphology were grown at Lodi, Italy, during 1990 and 1991 in dense swards, under field conditions and a mowing regime, as (i) pure stands, (ii) a complex mixture of all genotypes, (iii) binary mixtures of each genotype with each of two ryegrass varieties, and (iv) complex mixtures of all clover genotypes in binary association with each grass variety. The grass components were of known, different vigour. The study assessed both intergenotypic and interspecific interference and related dry matter yield responses to morpho-physiological traits of the clovers, and also determined whether a high level of morpho-physiological heterogeneity conferred a yield advantage on clover populations.Greater heterogeneity (i.e. a complex mixture of clover genotypes) did not produce higher clover yields either in the presence or absence of interspecific interference from grass; thus, the use of blends of varieties or the development of varieties with a fairly high degree of heterogeneity was not recommended for short-term meadows in environments with relatively low spatial and temporal variability. Interactions for yield occurred between clover genotypes and the presence or absence of intergenotypic interference (P<0·001), and between clover genotypes and the presence or absence of interspecific interference from the grass variety characterized by greater vigour and aggressiveness (P<0·01). The variance of the former interaction tended to be consistently larger than that of the latter interaction, indicating that competitive effects were greater between clovers than between the clover and grass components. A lower Spring [ratio ] Summer yield ratio and taller canopy tended to confer a competitive advantage under intergenotypic interference. Relatively better performance under interspecific interference was related to higher stolon density, suggesting that selection for this trait may increase the general ecological compatibility of large-leaved white clover types grown with vigorous grass companions.

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Bouton, Joseph H., Brian Motes, Donald T. Wood, Ali Missaoui e Michael A. Trammell. "Registration of ‘Renovation’ White Clover". Journal of Plant Registrations 11, n. 3 (25 maggio 2017): 218–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3198/jpr2016.11.0063crc.

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Tesi sul tema "White clover"

Youlin, Tang M. S. "Response of Leaf Protein to Ozone in Two White Clover Clones". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46494.

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A white clover ( Trifolium repens ) system, based on one ozone-sensitive (NC-S) and one ozone-resistant (NC-R) clone, has been developed as an indicator to estimate the effects of tropospheric ozone on plant biomass production. A reduction in the vegetative biomass ratio (NC-S/NC-R) of the clones was correlated with increasing concentrations of ozone during a 28-day exposure period. However, the mechanism of ozone sensitivity or tolerance at the biochemical or molecular level is not known. Superoxide dismutase isozyme activities in the two clones did not respond differently to ozone treatment. However, catalase activity increased somewhat more in the leaf tissue of NC-R, compared to NC-S, after ozone treatment. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) showed the presence of two proteins (Ozone-Response-Proteins, ORPs) that were more responsive to ozone in the tolerant genotype than in the sensitive one. After ozone treatment for three days, the ORPs were four-fold higher in leaf tissue of NC-R compared to NC-S. Also, the amount of the ORPs was twenty-fold higher in leaf tissue of ozone-treated NC-R than in that of control NC-R. These proteins have apparent molecular weights of 21.5 kD and 23 kD and isoelectric points of 4.1-4.4 on SDS-PAGE gels. The filtrate of a 100 kD concentrator showed that the native molecular weights of the ORPs were less than 100 kD. The results obtained from a study of field samples demonstrated that protein content in leaf tissue of both NC-R and NC-S was positively correlated with ORP content.
Master of Science

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Kuschel, Nolberto German Teuber. "Investigation of physiological factors determining white clover persistence in grass/clover swards". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333854.

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Sparks, Bret Andrew. "Reduced Inputs Turfgrass Through White Clover Inclusion". UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pss_etds/41.

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Most managed turfgrass species require frequent inputs to maintain an acceptable level of quality. Among these inputs, nitrogen (N) fertilization is usually the most limiting in terms of growth and development. However, N fertilization is also linked to non-point source (NPS) pollution. White clover (WC) is known for its ability to provide N when mixed into stands of turfgrass, and does not pose a threat for NPS pollution. Two field studies were designed to investigate the effects of WC inclusion in stands of cool-season turfgrasses. In the first field study, three cultivation techniques were examined for establishment of WC into preexisting turfgrass stands at three different seasonal timings. Scalping during the summer was seen as providing the highest WC populations, although scalping treatments also caused the most initial damage to the turfgrass. In the second field study, mixed stands of turfgrass and WC were examined for response to several weeks of traffic simulations, with WC withstanding the traffic events. Additionally, a greenhouse study was implemented to examine the effects of several commercial broadleaf herbicides on two WC varieties. Only 2,4-D was shown to be safe for application to both WC varieties, although Microclover did show tolerance to quinclorac applications.

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Baines, R. N. "Interactions between white clover and pasture grasses". Thesis, University of Reading, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383598.

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Berrington, A. C. "Co-evolution of white clover to associated mycorrhizae". Thesis, Bangor University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381917.

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Clark, Sonya A. "Herbicide effects on white clover growth and nodulation". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Microbiology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6909.

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Five herbicides commonly used for suppression of weed growth in white clover seed crops were tested for toxicity against white clover (Trifolium repens), Rhizobium trifolii and the nitrogen fixing symbiosis formed between these two organisms. Trials were carried out on R.trifolii on solid and in liquid media to determine if growth of this bacterium was affected by the presence of the 5 herbicides. Paraquat and MCPB substantially inhibited bacterial growth on solid medium. Bentazone, fusilade and kerb caused very small zones of growth inhibition of R.trifolii on solid agar at high concentrations. None of the herbicides tested affected growth of R.trifolii in liquid culture. In vitro studies of herbicide toxicity toward white clover were carried out to identify interactions of herbicide activity with rhizobial inoculation and supplied nitrogen, and to attempt to identify the targets of herbicide activity. Nodules grown under in vitro conditions were excised and used for ultrastructural examination. Herbicides were applied to plants grown in vitro at two different stages of plant growth. White clover proved to be very sensitive to all herbicides at the early seedling stage. Three week old plants were more tolerant. Pot experiments in a glasshouse environment indicated the relevance of in vitro experiments of herbicide toxicity against plants and gave information on the effect of soil water levels on herbicide activity. Paraquat was extremely toxic to white clover both in vitro and in pot experiments. Nodulation is affected to some extent directly by this herbicide although dessication of foliage probably has some role in halting activity of the nitrogenise enzyme. MCPB caused severe deformation of root tissue both in vitro and in pot experiments. It must be either contaminated with the active form of this herbicide, MCPA, or is being broken down to the active form by bacterial or chemical action. Bentazone did not damage white clover or nodule activity in a consistent way in vitro. However this herbicide did have a deleterious effect on both plant weight and nodulation when applied to white clover grown in soil, particularly under conditions of low soil moisture. Fusilade showed a direct effect on the activity of nitrogenase in vitro. Fusilade also acted more severely against plants of higher nutritional status, and appeared to affect nodule activity directly rather than affecting nodules via damage to other plant parts. Kerb was very toxic to seedling white clover in vitro although older plants were not as susceptible and were stimulated by high concentration of kerb. In pots white clover was slightly inhibited by kerb at recommended concentration while 10 x this concentration did not cause any inhibition of nodulation or plant growth. Differences in results between in vitro and pot studies of toxicity of these herbicides to white clover appear to be due to the different application methods used. In vitro herbicides were applied to the whole plant while in pot experiments herbicides were foliarly applied, hence more uptake by roots would be expected. Pot experiments indicated that changes in nodulation generally reflected changes in plant growth rather than an independent activity of the herbicide on nodulation.

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Enríquez, Hidalgo Daniel. "Strategies to optimise white clover (Trifolium repens L.) content in grass white clover swards to consistently replace inorganic nitrogen in grazing systems". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.673846.

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Mixed perennial ryegrass white clover (WC) swards (GWc) provide a sustainable nitrogen source for grazing systems and improve herbage quality, but sward WC content and nitrogen fixation can be suppressed by fertiliser nitrogen application. Differences in structural characteristics between the species can affect dairy cow digestion process and performance. In this thesis aspects related to the effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on intensively grazed GWc and grass only swards (GO) and the effects of grazing both swards on dairy cow feeding behaviour, herbage depletion rate, rumen function, methane emissions and milk production were investigated. Regardless of nitrogen rate applied (rates up to 240 kg N/ha we applied), WC inclusion into grass wards increased herbage production, quality and nitrogen yield. These effects declined as nitrogen rate increased, due to a reduction in WC content and fixation, but less so below 120 kg N/ha. When cows rotationally grazed either a GO or GWc, both swards had similar herbage production, but GWc had slightly greater herbage quality. Sward WC contents were approximately 20%, yet cows had similar milk production and composition. Cow daily and per unit of output methane emissions were similar, but cows grazing GWc had lower methane emissions per unit of feed intake. Although cows in both groups grazed for similar times, the cows on GWc spent less time ruminating, especially in summer and autumn. Rumen volatile fatty acids were similar on both swards but isoacids and D-lactic acid percentages, ammonia content and rumen pH were higher in autumn for cows grazing GWc. Similar sward depletion rates were observed. Overall, WC related effects were more likely to occur from June onwards, when sward WC content was greatest.

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Kemball, W. D. "Source-sink interrelationships in white clover (Trifolium repens L.)". Thesis, Bangor University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333705.

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Thompson, L. "The influence of radiation quality on the behaviour of grassland species". Thesis, Bangor University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234470.

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Franzmayr, Benjamin. "Metabolic Engineering of Isoflavonoid Biosynthesis in Tobacco and White Clover". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5568.

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Isoflavonoids are a class of plant secondary metabolites which have multiple biological roles in plants as pest feeding deterrents, phytoalexins and signals to rhizobial microbes. Some isoflavonoids, or their breakdown products, are estrogenic when ingested by animals, and pastures with high levels of the isoflavonoid formononetin can cause sterility in ewes. White clover has low levels of isoflavonoids and is susceptible to pests like the clover root weevil. The overall aim of this project was to test whether isoflavonoids could be manipulated in white clover through metabolic engineering. The genes of the key isoflavonoid biosynthesis enzymes have been cloned from a range of legumes and three major genes, chalone reductase (CHR), isoflavone synthase (IFS) and isoflavonoid O-methyltransferase (IOMT), were cloned from white clover in this study. The white clover IFS2_12 gene was expressed in transgenic tobacco. Genistein, an isoflavonoid that is not naturally present in tobacco, was detected in the IFS-expressing tobacco, thus confirming the functionality of the IFS2_12 gene. Tobacco plants were transformed with ANT1, a transcription factor that induces the production of anthocyanins that share precursors with the isoflavonoid biosynthesis pathway. When IFS was expressed in red tobacco leaves, where anthocyanin biosynthesis was occurring, the levels of genistein were greater than in anthocyanin-free green leaves. White clover was transformed to overexpress the cloned IFS2_12 gene and some transformants had greater levels of IFS gene expression, up to 12.9 times the average wild type level. However, these transformants did not produce formononetin levels greater than the wild-type. A gene fusion of alfalfa chalcone isomerase (CHI), which produces the precursors naringenin and liquiritigenin, and soybean IFS, which converts the precursors to genistein and daidzein, respectively, was received from the Noble Foundation. Transgenic white clover plants expressing IFS/CHI were produced using a novel method that also regenerated wild-type clones of the transgenic plants. When compared with their wild-type clones, two IFS/CHI transformants produced higher levels of formononetin, thus supporting the suggestion that isoflavonoid levels can be increased in white clover through overexpression of isoflavonoid biosynthesis genes.

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Libri sul tema "White clover"

Workshop on Nutrition, Agronomy & Breeding of White Clover (1985 Johnstown Castle, Ireland). Workshop on Nutrition, Agronomy & Breeding of White Clover organised by the Agricultural Institute at its Johnstown Castle Research Centre Wexford, Ireland on 2-4 july 1985. [s.l.]: Agricultural Institute, 1985.

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Stypiński, Piotr. Reakcja koniczyny białej (Trifolium repens L.) na wapnowanie w siewach czystych i w mieszankach z trawami w doświadczeniach pastwiskowych i wazonowych. Warszawa: Wydawn. SGGW, 1993.

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Burnham, Clara Louise. Sweet Clover: A romance of the White City. Caledonia, Mich: Bigwater Pub., 1992.

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Nolan, T. Effect of grazing management on the maintenance of white clover. Dublin: Teagasc, 1998.

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Joubert, Eugène. On the clover trail: The plight of the world's rhinos. Windhoek, Namibia: Gamsberg Macmillan, 1996.

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Jansen, Tineke M. The influence of white clover cultivar and organic manure treatment on early spring herbage production. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1995.

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Endophytische Pilze aus Trifolium repens L.: Mit besonderer Berücksichtigung isolierter Hefen und deren taxonomischer Einordnung. Berlin: J. Cramer, 2000.

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Hume, L. J. Effects of phosphorus application and mycorrhizal inoculation on white clover (Trifolium repens) growth in andesite tailings from Martha mine, Waihi. S.l: s.n, 1988.

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Quinn, Tara Taylor. Behind Closed Doors. Toronto, Ontario: MIRA, 2007.

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Russell, Diana E. H., e Jo Campling. Behind Closed Doors in White South Africa. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230389243.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "White clover"

Abberton, Michael T., e Athole H. Marshall. "White Clover". In Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses, 457–76. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0760-8_19.

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Gibson, P. B., e W. A. Cope. "White Clover". In Agronomy Monographs, 471–90. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr25.c20.

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White, Derek W. R., Derek R. Woodfield, Brigitta Dudas, Richard L. S. Forster e David L. Beck. "White Clover Molecular Genetics". In Plant Breeding Reviews, 191–223. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470650134.ch4.

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Webb, K. Judith, Michael T. Abberton e Stephen R. Young. "Molecular Genetics of White Clover". In Focus on Biotechnology, 239–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0139-6_16.

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Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott e R. W. Briddon. "Melilotus albus (White sweet clover)". In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, 1523–24. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_582.

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White, D. W. R. "Transgenic White Clover (Trifolium repens)". In Transgenic Crops I, 360–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59612-4_24.

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Minchin, F. R., J. H. Macduff, T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates e M. T. Abberton. "Reduced Nitrate Sensitivity in White Clover". In Biological Nitrogen Fixation for the 21st Century, 649. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5159-7_410.

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Voisey, C. R., B. Dudas, R. Biggs, E. P. J. Burgess, P. J. Wigley, P. G. McGregor, T. J. Lough, D. L. Beck, R. L. S. Forster e D. W. R. White. "Transgenic Pest and Disease Resistant White Clover Plants". In Developments in Plant Breeding, 239–50. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9700-5_14.

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Caradus, J. R., e M. J. M. Hay. "Physiological Control of Growth and Yield in White Clover". In Crop Yield, 401–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58554-8_14.

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McManus, M. T., D. A. Hunter, S. D. Yoo e D. Gong. "ACC Oxidase Expression and Leaf Ontogeny in White Clover". In Biology and Biotechnology of the Plant Hormone Ethylene II, 165–72. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4453-7_27.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "White clover"

Zolotarev, V. N., e V. T. Volovik. "Effect of pre-sowing treatment of white clover and clover hybrid with microelements". In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/09.09.2019.19.

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IVANOVA, Alina. "Creating the source material white clover (Trifolium repens L.)". In Multifunctional adaptive feed production 27 (75). ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2022-27-75-23-29.

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The results of creation of initial material of white clover are stated. The data of collection samples of varieties hollandicum and giganteum on the content of crude protein and cyanogenic glucosides in dry matter are shown. A comparative study of elite plants in a collection nursery was carried out. Parental pairs are selected for crossing. New early ripe F1 hybrids of white clover hay-pasture type of use have been created.

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Weith, Sean. "Gemic Selection to Breed for Enhanced White Clover-Rhizobium Symbiosis". In ASPB PLANT BIOLOGY 2020. USA: ASPB, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46678/pb.20.1053085.

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Kwaśny, Dominika, Barbara Borczak, Joanna Kapusta-Duch e Sylwia Węgrzyn. "Impact of adding white clover flower on muffins’ functional properties". In 1st International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: ENVIRONMENT – PLANT – ANIMAL – PRODUCT. Publishing House of The University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/icdsupl1.t020.

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Kintl, Antonin. "NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY OF WHEAT AND WHITE CLOVER MIXED CULTURE � LYSIMETRIC EXPERIMENT". In 19th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference EXPO Proceedings. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/5.2/s20.070.

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Egan, Lucy. "Germplasm Pre-Breeding Sources for the Next Generation of White Clover Cultivars". In ASPB PLANT BIOLOGY 2020. USA: ASPB, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46678/pb.20.1052970.

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Золотарев, Владимир, Vladimir Zolotarev, Николай Переправо e Nikolay Perepravo. "AGROBIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF WHITE CLOVER CULTIVARS OF DIFFERENT ECOTYPES AT CULTIVATION ON SEEDS". In Multifunctional adaptive feed production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2019-21-69-57-61.

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The results of comparative evaluation of varieties of clover (Trifolium repens L.) of different ecotypes (VIC 70, Volat, Lugovik) on seed productivity in seed cultivation in the Central non-Chernozem region are presented.

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Zolotarev, V. N. "Desiccation of white clover seed stands is a guarantee of high seed yields". In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-131.

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White clover has a biological feature of development to form a large amount of leaf-stem mass, so the main method of harvesting it is direct threshing with preliminary desiccation of seed stands using one of the based on the active substance Diquat contact agents.

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Strėlkutė, Asta, e Jolita Bradulienė. "Viability and Length of Above-Ground Part of White Clover in Polluted Soil". In The 9th International Conference "Environmental Engineering 2014". Vilnius, Lithuania: Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Press “Technika” 2014, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2014.058.

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Kuzmin, Е. "Influence of cereals in mixed crops on seed productivity of white clover Lugovik in the North-East of the Russian Federation". In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-127.

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creeping clover has been most widely used in meadow and pasture forage production in recent years. In recent years, more than 29 new varieties of meadow, hybrid, and creeping clover have been created with the most important ecological and biological characteristics and economically valuable traits. The article presents the results of studying the peculiarities of formation of seed herbage of white clover varieties Lugovik the second year of life, given the productivity of herbage and seed yield in variants of experience.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "White clover"

Turner, L. B., J. A. Gallagher, C. J. Pollock, M. Frehner e G. Hendrey. The effect of elevated CO{sub 2} under field conditions on starch metabolism in white clover stolons. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luglio 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/125188.

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Bowman, C. D. ``White Land``...new Russian closed-cycle nuclear technology for global deployment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luglio 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/257446.

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Bacharach, Eran, e Sagar Goyal. Generation of Avian Pneumovirus Modified Clones for the Development of Attenuated Vaccines. United States Department of Agriculture, novembre 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7696541.bard.

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Abstract (one page maximum, single spaced), include: List the original objectives, as defined in the approved proposal, and any revisions made at the beginning or during the course of project: The main goal described in our original proposal has been the development of a molecular infectious clone of the avian metapneumovirus subtype B (aMPV-B) and the modification of this clone to create mutated viruses for the development of attenuated vaccines. The Achievements and Appendix/Part I sections of this report describes the accomplishments in creating such a molecular clone. These sections also contain the results of a longitudinal study that we made in Israel, demonstrating the infiltration of field strains of aMPV into vaccinated flocks and emphasizing the need for the development of better vaccines. We also describe our unexpected findings regarding the ability of aMPV to establish persistent infection in cell cultures. Although this direction of research was not described in the original proposal we feel that it is highly important for the understanding of aMPV pathogenesis. For example, this direction has provided us with evidence showing that aMPV replication can augment influenza replication. Moreover, we observed that viruses that were produced from chronically-infected cells show reduced ciliostasis. Accordingly, we carried vaccination trials using such viruses. In the original grant proposal we also offered that the American lab will clone and express immunomodulators in the context of an aMPV -based replicon that the Israeli lab has generated. However, as we reported in our annual reports, further analysis of this replicon by the Israeli lab has revealed that the level of expression achieved by this vehicle is relatively poor; thus, the American lab has focused on sequencing the genomes of different aMPV-C isolates that differ in their virulence (including vaccine strains). Achievements and Appendix/Part II sections of this report include the summary of this effort. Background to the topic: The aMPVs belong to the paramyxoviridae family and cause mild to severe respiratory tract diseases mainly in turkeys and also in chickens. Four aMPV subgroups, A, B, C and D, have been characterized; in Israel aMPV-A and B are the common subtypes while in the USA type C is the prevalent one. Although vaccine strains do exist for aMPVs, they do not always provide full protection against virulent strains and the vaccines themselves may induce disease to some extent. Improved vaccines against aMPV are needed, to achieve better protection of the poultry industry against this pathogen. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: We isolated aMPV-B from a diseased flock and accomplished the sequencing and cloning of its full-genome. In addition, we cloned the four genes encoding the viral replicase. These should serve as the platform for generation of modified aMPV-Bs from molecular clones. We also identified aMPVs that are attenuated in respect to their ciliostatic activity and accordingly showed the potential of such viruses as vaccine strains. For aMPV-C, the different mutations scattered along the genome of different isolates with varied virulence have been determined. Implications, both scientific and agricultural: The newly identified pattern of mutations in attenuated strains will allow better understanding of the pathogenicity of aMPV and the generation of aMPV molecular clones, together with isolation of strains with attenuated ciliostatic activity should generate improved vaccine strains Abstract (one page maximum, single spaced), include: List the original objectives, as defined in the approved proposal, and any revisions made at the beginning or during the course of project: The main goal described in our original proposal has been the development of a molecular infectious clone of the avian metapneumovirus subtype B (aMPV-B) and the modification of this clone to create mutated viruses for the development of attenuated vaccines. The Achievements and Appendix/Part I sections of this report describes the accomplishments in creating such a molecular clone. These sections also contain the results of a longitudinal study that we made in Israel, demonstrating the infiltration of field strains of aMPV into vaccinated flocks and emphasizing the need for the development of better vaccines. We also describe our unexpected findings regarding the ability of aMPV to establish persistent infection in cell cultures. Although this direction of research was not described in the original proposal we feel that it is highly important for the understanding of aMPV pathogenesis. For example, this direction has provided us with evidence showing that aMPV replication can augment influenza replication. Moreover, we observed that viruses that were produced from chronically-infected cells show reduced ciliostasis. Accordingly, we carried vaccination trials using such viruses. In the original grant proposal we also offered that the American lab will clone and express immunomodulators in the context of an aMPV -based replicon that the Israeli lab has generated. However, as we reported in our annual reports, further analysis of this replicon by the Israeli lab has revealed that the level of expression achieved by this vehicle is relatively poor; thus, the American lab has focused on sequencing the genomes of different aMPV-C isolates that differ in their virulence (including vaccine strains). Achievements and Appendix/Part II sections of this report include the summary of this effort. Background to the topic: The aMPVs belong to the paramyxoviridae family and cause mild to severe respiratory tract diseases mainly in turkeys and also in chickens. Four aMPV subgroups, A, B, C and D, have been characterized; in Israel aMPV-A and B are the common subtypes while in the USA type C is the prevalent one. Although vaccine strains do exist for aMPVs, they do not always provide full protection against virulent strains and the vaccines themselves may induce disease to some extent. Improved vaccines against aMPV are needed, to achieve better protection of the poultry industry against this pathogen. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: We isolated aMPV-B from a diseased flock and accomplished the sequencing and cloning of its full-genome. In addition, we cloned the four genes encoding the viral replicase. These should serve as the platform for generation of modified aMPV-Bs from molecular clones. We also identified aMPVs that are attenuated in respect to their ciliostatic activity and accordingly showed the potential of such viruses as vaccine strains. For aMPV-C, the different mutations scattered along the genome of different isolates with varied virulence have been determined. Implications, both scientific and agricultural: The newly identified pattern of mutations in attenuated strains will allow better understanding of the pathogenicity of aMPV and the generation of aMPV molecular clones, together with isolation of strains with attenuated ciliostatic activity should generate improved vaccine strains.

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Newton, Ronald, Joseph Riov e John Cairney. Isolation and Functional Analysis of Drought-Induced Genes in Pinus. United States Department of Agriculture, settembre 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568752.bard.

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Drought is a common factor limiting timber production in the U.S. and Israel. Loblolly (Pinus taeda) and alleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) seedling survival is reduced when out planted, and growth and reproduction are often hindered by periodic droughts during later stages of tree development. Molecular and gene responses to drought stress have not been characterized. The objectives were to characterize drought-induced gene clones from these pines, to determine the effects of a growth regulator on drought tolerance, ABA levels, and drought-induced gene expression in alleppo pine, and to develop procedures for loblolly pine transformation. Nearly 20 cDNA clones influenced by gradual, prolonged drought stress have been isolated. Many of these have been shown to be induced by drought stress, whereas several others are down-regulated. These are the first drought-induced genes isolated from a pine species. Two genomic clones (lp5-1 and lp3-1) have been sequenced and characterized, and each has been found to be associated with a gene family. Clone lp5 appears to code for a cell wall protein, and clone lp3 codes for a nuclear protein. The former may be associated with changing the elastic properties of the cell wall, while the latter may be involved in signal transduction and/or protection from desiccation in the nucleus. Clone lp3 is similar to a drought-induced gene from tomato and is regulated by ABA. Several DNA sequences that are specific to induction during growth-retardation in alleppo pine by uniconazole have been identified. The active DNA species is now being identified. Promoters from genomic clones, lp3 and lp5, have been sequenced. Both are functional when fused with the gus reporter gene and transferred to other plant tissues as well as responding to a simulated drought stress. Through exodeletion analysis, it has been established that the promoter ABRE element of lp3 responds to ABA and that drought-induction of lp3 expression may also involve ABA. Stable tobacco transformants carrying either the lp5 or the lp3 promoter fused to a reporter gus gene have been obtained. The lp5lgus fusion was expressed at several stages of tobacco development and differentiation including the reproductive stage. There was no difference in phenotype between the transformants and the wild type. Embryogenesis procedures were developed for slash pine, but attempts to couple this process with gene transfer and plantlet transformation were not successful. Transformation of pine using Agrobacterium appears tractable, but molecular data supporting stable integration of the Agrobacterium-transferred gene are still inconclusive.

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Temin, Miriam, e Craig Heck. Impact of community-based girl groups. Population Council, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2021.1015.

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Programs increasingly use community-based girl groups (CBGGs) to address risks and empower adolescent girls, but evidence on their impact is not always accessible to decision makers. A closer look at 30 CBGG programs in low- and middle-income countries found that CBGGs had the greatest reported success in improving health and gender attitudes and beliefs, while their effect on health behavior and status is mixed. Program implementers should consider CBGGs as a way to facilitate girls’ empowerment, with complementary measures to engage community members and to promote enabling environments for greater program impact. Increased interest and investment in CBGGs should be supported by greater investment in further research to bolster the evidence base.

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Muxo, Robert, Kevin Whelan, Raul Urgelles, Joaquin Alonso, Judd Patterson e Andrea Atkinson. Biscayne National Park colonial nesting birds monitoring protocol—Version 1.1. National Park Service, gennaio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2290141.

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Breeding colonies of wading birds (orders Ciconiiformes, Pelecaniformes) and seabirds (orders Suliformes, Pelecaniformes) serve as important indicators of aquatic ecosystem health, as they respond to changes in food abundance and quality, contaminants, invasive species, and disturbance. The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan, Restoration Coordination & Verification program (CERP-RECOVER) has identified wading-bird colonies as an important ecosystem restoration indicator. The National Park Service South Florida/Caribbean Inventory & Monitoring Network (SFCN) ranked colonial nesting birds eighth out of 44 vital signs of park natural resource conditions for ecological significance and feasibility. However, while large-scale monitoring efforts are occurring in the rest of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem, only minimal historic data collection and no extensive ongoing monitoring of wading bird and seabird nesting have occurred in Biscayne National Park. Consequently, due to their high importance as biological indicators and because they are a gap occurring in regional monitoring efforts, the network has initiated a monitoring program of colonial nesting birds in Biscayne National Park. This protocol provides the rationale, approach, and detailed Standard Operating Procedures for annual colonial bird monitoring within and close to Biscayne National Park and conforms to the Oakley et al. (2003) guidelines for National Park Service long-term monitoring protocols. The specific objectives of this monitoring program are to determine status and long-term trends in: Numbers and locations of active colonies of colonial nesting birds with a special focus on Double-crested Cormorants, Great Egrets, Great White Herons, Great Blue Herons, White Ibises, and Roseate Spoonbills. Annual peak active nest counts of colonial nesting birds in Biscayne National Park with a special focus on the species mentioned above. An annual nesting index (i.e., sum of monthly nest counts) with a special focus on the species mentioned above. Timing of peak nest counts for the focal species.

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Chahal, Husanjot, Ngor Luong, Sara Abdulla e Margarita Konaev. Quad AI: Assessing AI-related Collaboration between the United States, Australia, India, and Japan. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, maggio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/20210049.

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Through the Quad forum, the United States, Australia, Japan and India have committed to pursuing an open, accessible and secure technology ecosystem and offering a democratic alternative to China’s techno-authoritarian model. This report assesses artificial intelligence collaboration across the Quad and finds that while Australia, Japan and India each have close AI-related research and investment ties to both the United States and China, they collaborate far less with one another.

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Kwon, Jaymin, Yushin Ahn e Steve Chung. Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Roadside Transportation-Related Air Quality (StarTraq 2021): A Characterization of Bike Trails and Highways in the Fresno/Clovis Area. Mineta Transportation Institute, novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2128.

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The San Joaquin Valley is identified as an area with a high level of particulate matter (PM) in the air, reaching above the federal and state clean air standards (EPA 2019). Many of the cities in the valley are classified as the most polluted cities in the United States for both particulate matter and ozone pollution (American Lung Association, 2021). To resolve this issue, alternative forms of transportation have been considered in transportation planning. In this study, active transportation mode air quality was monitored on selected Woodward Park and Old Clovis trails and urban bike lanes. Real-time aerosol monitors, and low-cost sensors were carried in a backpack on bicycles during the sampling. Researchers collected GPS data via a portable GPS technology called Tracksticks. Driving transportation mode air quality data was acquired from the roadways within the Fresno/Clovis area, spanning six sampling routes, and during intercity trips between Fresno, Berkeley, and Los Angeles, for a total of five sampling routes. ‘On-Road' (outside vehicle) monitors were installed on the roof of a vehicle while ‘In-Vehicle’ monitors were installed inside the vehicle for comparison with the particulate pollution levels in the two contrasting microenvironments. The results showed the following three main outcomes: (1) clear relationships exist among PMs of different sizes; (2) there were greater variations in air quality of bike trails and On-Road samples than backyard and In-Vehicle samples; (3) we observed significant differences in air quality inside and outside the vehicle while driving local and intercity roadways; and (4) the road trip to the Bay area revealed that San Joaquin Valley has increased ambient PM2.5 and black carbon (BC) levels compared to those in the Bay Area on every trip, regardless of the daily change of the air quality.

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Brink, Malia, Jiacheng Yu e Pamela Metzger. Grading Injustice: Initial Appearance Report Cards. SMU Dedman School of Law, settembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25172/dc.9.

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Arrested people across the United States often wait in jail for days, weeks, or even months before seeing a judge or meeting an attorney. In November 2021, the Deason Criminal Justice Reform Center published Ending Injustice: Solving the Initial Appearance Crisis, a comprehensive report about this ongoing crisis in pre-trial due process. That report described the devastating consequences of delayed and uncounseled initial appearances. Now, these Initial Appearance Report Cards offer a closer look at the laws governing post-arrest procedures in each U.S. state, the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. While the Deason Center’s previous report provided an overview of the initial appearance crisis nationwide, the Initial Appearance Report Cards are a rigorous assessment of the laws in almost every jurisdiction in the country. These report cards reveal enormous gaps in the legal protections accorded to people accused of crimes, illuminating both the scope of the initial appearance crisis and our urgent need to solve it.

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Andrabi, Tahir, Benjamin Daniels e Jishnu Das. Human Capital Accumulation and Disasters: Evidence from the Pakistan Earthquake of 2005. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), maggio 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-risewp_2020/039.

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We trace the effects of a devastating earthquake that occurred in Northern Pakistan in 2005. Using a new dataset from a survey conducted four years after the earthquake, we first show that the distance of the household from the fault line was not correlated with pre-existing household characteristics, while it was strongly predictive of earthquake-related damage and mortality. Through emergency relief aid, households living close to the fault line reported receiving substantial cash compensation that amounted to as much as 150% of their annual household consumption expenditure. Four years after the earthquake, there were no differences in public infrastructure, household or adult outcomes between areas close to and far from the fault line. However, children in their critical first thousand days at the time of the earthquake accumulated large height deficits, with the youngest the most affected. Children aged 3 through 15 at the time of the earthquake did not suffer growth shortfalls, but scored significantly worse on academic tests if they lived close to the fault line. Finally, children whose mothers completed primary education were fully protected against the emergence of a test score gap. We estimate that if these deficits continue to adult life, the affected children could stand to lose 15% of their lifetime earnings. Even when disasters are heavily compensated, human capital accumulation can be critically interrupted, with greater losses for already disadvantaged populations.

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