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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Wheat Weed control"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Wheat Weed control"

1

Sharofiddinova, M. J. "The Effects Of Weed Control Methods On Weeds In Cotton And Autumn Wheat Fields". American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering 02, n. 12 (27 dicembre 2020): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/volume02issue12-03.

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This article provides the results of harmonized weed control measures, which annual and biennial weeds in cotton and autumn wheat fields have been reduced by 80.2-82.7% in cotton fields and by 93.5% in autumn wheat fields.

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2

Buriro, U. A., F. C. Oad ., S. K. Agha . e G. S. Solangi . "Post Emergence Weed Control in Wheat". Journal of Applied Sciences 3, n. 6 (15 maggio 2003): 424–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2003.424.427.

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3

Fırat PALA e Husrev MENNAN. "CHEMICAL WEED CONTROL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR WHEAT". ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3, n. 1 (12 ottobre 2019): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/ispecjasvol3iss1pp19-32.

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A field study was conducted to evaluate the compatibility of herbicide tank mixtures in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Sagittario cv. in 2017-2019. Weed Index (VI) and Crop Injury (CI) of three mixtures prominent was recorded with mesosulfuron-methyl plus 2.4-D ethylhexyl ester + florasulam (5.8% and 1.5%) followed by pyroxsulam + florasulam + cloquintocet-mexyl plus 2.4-D dimethylamine salt (6.3% and 1.6%), and mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium plus bromoxynil + MCPA (7.1% and 0.0%), respectively. Weed Control Efficiency (WCE) was maximum with mesosulfuron-methyl + mefenpyr-diethyl plus 2.4-D ethylhexyl ester + florasulam so, Cirsium arvense (90%) heavily damaged; Avena fatua (98%), Avena sterilis (94%), and Papaver rhoeas (96%), Sinapis arvensis (95%) very heavy damaged (severe chlorosis and/or dead leaves); Galium aparine, Phalaris brachystachys, and Ranunculus arvensis were completely killed (100%, dead). Consequently, mesosulfuron-methyl + mefenpyr-diethyl plus 2.4-D ethylhexyl ester + florasulam herbicide mixture is recommended to provide weed control efficiency and wheat production safely. The compatibility of herbicides is necessary for sustainable weed management as it leads to reduced input costs, to prevent economic losses and to less pollution of the ecological environment. In addition, the conditions may require that the herbicides be applied with fungicides, insecticides or foliar fertilizers, and growers wish to know the safety of these mixtures. Therefore, studies on the compatibility of chemicals used in agriculture were considered to be needed.

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4

Paliwal, Arunima, V. Pratap Singh, Tej Pratap, S. P. Singh, S. K. Guru, Neeshu Joshi, Sirazuddin e A. Kumar. "Tillage and weed control effect on weeds and wheat productivity". Indian Journal of Weed Science 52, n. 2 (2020): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00024.6.

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5

Shahzad, Muhammad, Khawar Jabran, Mubshar Hussain, Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza, Leonard Wijaya, Mohamed A. El-Sheikh e Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni. "The impact of different weed management strategies on weed flora of wheat-based cropping systems". PLOS ONE 16, n. 2 (18 febbraio 2021): e0247137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247137.

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The world population will rise in future, which would demand more wheat production to fulfil dietary needs of wheat-dependent population of the world. Food security in wheat-dependent regions will greatly rely on wheat productivity. Weed infestation is a major constraint reducing wheat productivity globally. Nonetheless, cropping systems and weed management strategies strongly influence weed infestation in modern agriculture. Herbicides are the key weed management tool in conventional agriculture. However, frequent use of herbicides have resulted in the evolution of herbicide-resistance weeds, which made weed management a challenging task. Sustainable and eco-friendly weed management strategies shift weed-crop competition in the favour of crop plants. Limited studies have evaluated the interactive effect of cropping systems and weed management strategies on weed flora of wheat-based cropping systems (WBCSs). This two-year study evaluated the impact of different weed management strategies (WMSs) on weed flora of WBCSs, i.e., fallow-wheat (FW), rice-wheat (RW), cotton-wheat (CW), mungbean-wheat (MW) and sorghum-wheat (SW). The WMSs included in the study were, false seedbed, allelopathic water extracts and herbicide application, while weed-free and weedy-check were maintained as control treatments. Data relating to diversity and density of individual and total broadleaved and narrow-leaved weeds were recorded. The WBCSs, WMSs and their interaction significantly altered diversity and density of individual, total, broadleaved and narrow-leaved weeds. Weed-free and weedy-check treatments recorded the lowest and the highest values of diversity and density of individual, total, broadleaved and narrow-leaved weeds. Herbicide application effectively reduced density and diversity of weeds. Allelopathic water extracts and false seedbed proved less effective than herbicides. On the other hand, SW cropping system not only reduced weed density but also limited the weed flora. It is concluded that false seedbed and SW cropping system can be efficiently used to manage weeds in WBCSs. However, long-term studies are needed to infer the impact of SW cropping system and false seedbed on soil properties, soil microbes and productivity of wheat crop.

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6

Martín, Carolina San, Jennifer Gourlie, Judit Barroso, Drew J. Lyon e Henry C. Wetzel. "Weed control with bicyclopyrone + bromoxynil in wheat". Crops & Soils 52, n. 1 (gennaio 2019): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/cs2019.52.0103.

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Tewari, Tripti, PB Rao e Ajit Kumar. "Wheat straw allelochemicals - implications for weed control". Journal of Hill Agriculture 8, n. 1 (2017): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2230-7338.2017.00004.0.

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8

San Martín, Carolina, Drew J. Lyon, Jennifer Gourlie, Henry C. Wetzel e Judit Barroso. "Weed Control with Bicyclopyrone + Bromoxynil in Wheat". Crop, Forage & Turfgrass Management 4, n. 1 (23 agosto 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/cftm2018.02.0011.

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9

Gerhards, R., M. Sökefeld, K. Schulze-Lohne, D. A. Mortensen e W. Kühbauch. "Site Specific Weed Control in Winter Wheat". Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 178, n. 4 (agosto 1997): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037x.1997.tb00494.x.

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10

Esehaghbeygi, Ali, Ali Tadayyon e Shahin Besharati. "Effect of Droplet Size on Weed Control in Wheat". Journal of Plant Protection Research 51, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2011): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10045-011-0004-1.

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Effect of Droplet Size on Weed Control in WheatThe efficacy of different water volume and nozzle systems, comprising spinning-discs with two disc speeds (low volume, LV), a spinning-cage rotary atomizer (median volume, MV), a flat fan nozzle Teejet-11004 (high volume, HV), and no weed control, were assessed for the application of 2,4-D to control weeds in irrigated wheat. The herbicide was applied at the tillering stage of cultivated wheat, Ghods variety. Sprayer nozzle performance was evaluated in terms of wheat grain yield, weed shoot biomass, and wheat residual (straw), at the research farm of Shahrekord University in 2007 and 2008. ANOVA analysis indicated that nozzle type, and the year had significant effects on grain yield and dry biomass of weeds at 5% confidence. There was a significant difference between the two years of the experiment for all variants. The results indicated that the median diameter volume using the spinning disc (low disc speed) for herbicide application, gave better weed control than others. The spinning disc nozzle decreased water use and so it was cheaper to operate. It did not, however, significantly improve herbicide efficacy, especially in dense canopies compared with the conventional flat fan nozzles. The spinning-disc had more droplet uniformity at high disc speeds compared with the cage rotary atomizer, but was more effective for weed control at low disc speeds.

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Tesi sul tema "Wheat Weed control"

1

Tickes, Barry R., e E. Stanley Heathman. "Wheat Weed Control, Yuma County". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/200519.

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2

Kopan, Suzanne. "Mechanical weed control in conservation tillage". Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2007/s_kopan_010207.pdf.

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3

Gaongalelwe, Motlhasedi Olebile. "Effect of delayed sowing and increased crop density on weed emergence and competition with wheat". Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AFM/09afmg2118.pdf.

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4

Tickes, Barry R. "Canarygrass Control in Wheat". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/205161.

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5

Tickes, Barry. "Evaluation of Herbicides for Control of Littleseed Canarygrass in Wheat". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204102.

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The two herbicides currently registered for the control of canarygrass in Arizona work by inhibiting lipid biosynthesis. The levels of control with these herbicides have been variable, ranging from 60 to 90 percent. Crop safety has been good. Two newer herbicides utilizing a different mode of action have provided more consistent and higher levels of weed control but with increased crop injury. These are numbered compounds (MKH6561 and F130060) and they are ALS inhibitors.

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6

Frihauf, John Carl. "Weed control efficacy and winter wheat response to saflufenacil". Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1603.

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Refsell, Dawn E. "Integrated weed management in Kansas winter wheat". Diss., Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15742.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Agronomy
J. Anita Dille
Integrated weed management (IWM) is an ecological approach to weed control that reduces dependence on herbicides through understanding of weed biology and involves using multiple weed control measures including cultural, chemical, mechanical and biological methods. The critical period of weed control is the duration of the crop life cycle in which it must be kept weed-free to prevent yield loss from weed interference. Eight experiments were conducted throughout Kansas between October 2010 and June 2012 to identify this period in winter wheat grown under dryland and irrigated conditions. Impact of henbit and downy brome density on winter wheat yields were evaluated on four farmer’s fields with natural populations and on a research station with overseeded populations. Henbit density up to 156 plants m-2 did not affect winter wheat yield, while downy brome at a density of 40 plants m-2 reduced yield by 33 and 13% in 2011 and 2012, respectively. In the presence of downy brome, winter wheat should be kept weed-free approximately 30 to 45 days after planting to prevent yield loss; otherwise, weeds need to be removed immediately following release from winter dormancy to prevent yield loss due to existing weed populations. Flumioxazin and pyroxasulfone are herbicides registered for use in winter wheat, soybean and corn for control of broadleaf and grass weeds. Flumioxazin and pyroxasulfone were evaluated for plant response to localized herbicide exposure to roots, shoots, or both roots and shoots utilizing a novel technique. Two weed species, ivyleaf morningglory and shattercane, as well as two crops, wheat and soybean, were evaluated for injury after localized exposures. The location and expression of symptoms from the flumioxazin and pyroxasulfone herbicides were determined to be the shoot of seedling plants. The utilization of preemergence herbicides in winter wheat is not a common practice, although application may protect winter wheat from early season yield losses as determined by the critical weed-free period. Kansas wheat growers should evaluate the presence and density of weed species to determine which weed management strategy is most advantageous to preserving winter wheat yield.

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8

Karim, S. M. Rezaul. "Competitive ability of four spring wheat varieties against fat hen (Chenopodium album L.)". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300958.

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This research programme sought to establish whether crop varieties had different competitive abilities against weeds and what the characteristics of competitive cultivars might be. A series of experiments studied the relative competitiveness with fat hen (Chenopodium album) of four spring wheat varieties Alexandria, Tonic, Canon and Baldus selected to represent different heights, tillering potentials and leaf angles. Additional experiments examined aspects of seed production, seed germination and seedling establishment of fat hen. In the glasshouse, all the wheat varieties were of similar competitive ability and no plant character was related to crop aggressivity index. In field experiments, the variety ranking of aggressiveness against fat hen was Alexandria > Tonic > Canon > Baldus. Crop aggressivity was positively related to crop plant height, leaf area and tillers per plant when grown in mixture with fat hen, and negatively related to fat hen height, leaf area and dry matter per plant. Physiological attributes such as absolute and relative growth rates, net assimilation rate, specific leaf area and leaf area ratio of wheat were rarely related to crop aggressivity at any single harvest but changed with time. Relationships of aggressivity with wheat characters measured in monocultures were generally poor. Crop aggressivity was positively related to relative loss of weed dry matter, and negatively related to relative loss of wheat dry matter and grain yield. The most competitive variety was associated with the lowest weed seed production and seed return to the soil. Wheat varieties were less competitive when fat hen emerged 15 days earlier but were highly competitive when fat hen emerged 15 days later. Light interception by crop canopies in mixture was positively related to crop aggressivity. It is suggested that plant breeders should use greater height, greater leaf area, more droopy leaves and greater number of tillers as selection criteria for competitive wheat cultivars.

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Ottman, Michael, e Barry Tickes. "Weed Control for Wheat and Barley in the Low Deserts of Arizona". College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146707.

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3 pp.
Revised
Weeds can be a problem in wheat and barley especially where crop rotation is not practiced. An integrated approach to weed management can be followed. Chemical treatments are important tools in weed management to maintain yield and quality and prevent proliferation of weeds that could affect future crops.

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Bueno, Carmen de Lucas. "The role of cultivar choice for enhanced competitive ability of wheat". Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308027.

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Libri sul tema "Wheat Weed control"

1

Wicks, Gail A. Jointed goatgrass control tactics. [Pullman, Wash: Washington State University, Extension, 2005.

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2

Rydrych, Donald J. Chemical fallow in Oregon dryland grain. [Corvallis, Or.]: Oregon State University Extension Service, 1985.

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Mallory, Ellen B. Frank Lange farm: Case study. [Pullman, WA]: Washington State University Cooperative Extension, 1999.

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4

Mallory, Ellen B. Direct seeding in the Inland Northwest: Frank Lange farm case study. [Pullman, WA]: Washington State University Cooperative Extension, 1999.

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5

Maxwell, Darrell C. Strategies with herbicides in summer fallow. [Corvallis, Or.]: Oregon State University Extension Service, 1985.

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Mallory, Ellen B. Aeschliman farm: Case study. [Pullman, WA]: Washington State University, 1999.

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7

Mallory, Ellen B. John Rea farm: Case study. [Pullman, WA]: Washington State University Cooperative Extension, 1999.

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Mallory, Ellen B. Thomas farm: Case study. [Pullman, WA]: Washington State University, 2000.

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9

Mallory, Ellen B. Ensley farm: Case study. [Pullman, WA]: Washington State University, 2000.

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10

O'Donovan, J. T. Influence of grass weeds on the yield and profitability of field crops in western Canada. Vegreville, AB: Alberta Environmental Centre, 1990.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Wheat Weed control"

1

Appleby, Arnold P. "Weed Control in Wheat". In Agronomy Monographs, 396–415. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr13.2ed.c21.

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2

Murdoch, Alistair J. ""Section 2.1: Cereals"Sustainable Weed Control in Small Grain Cereals (Wheat/Barley)". In Weed Control, 215–37. Boca Raton, FL:CRC Press,[2018]"A Science publishers book."|Include bibliographical references and index.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315155913-11.

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3

Jabran, Khawar. "Wheat Allelopathy for Weed Control". In Manipulation of Allelopathic Crops for Weed Control, 13–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53186-1_2.

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4

Grey, Timothy L., e Larry J. Newsom. "Winter Wheat Response to Weed Control and Residual Herbicides". In Wheat Improvement, Management and Utilization. InTech, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/67305.

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Perkins, John H. "Science and the Green Revolution 1945-1975". In Geopolitics and the Green Revolution. Oxford University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195110135.003.0013.

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In the years after the end of World War II, farmers, agricultural scientists, and policy makers in many countries all knew, or learned, that higher yields of wheat were what they wanted, and they were successful in achieving them. Their specific motivations were different, but their objectives were not. Not only were the objectives clear, but a central method by which the higher yields were to be achieved was plant breeding. Plant breeding itself was an applied science that had to be nested within organizations that supported it and its allies in the agricultural, biological, and engineering sciences. By 1950 wheat breeders believed that the number of factors governing yield was small, which meant that the research avenues likely to be fruitful were also few in number. The amount of water available and the responsiveness to soil fertility, especially nitrogen, were in most cases the key ingredients for higher yields. For wheat, the ability of the plant to resist invasion by fungal pathogens was almost as important as water and soil fertility. Water and fertility were needed in every crop year, but damage from fungal pathogens varied with weather. Thus plant disease was not necessarily a destructive factor every year. Control of water, soil fertility, and plant disease was therefore at the center of research programs in wheat breeding. A wheat breeder would find success if his or her program produced new varieties that gave higher yields within the context of water, soil fertility, and plant disease existing in the area. Ancillary questions also existed and in some cases matched the major factors in importance. Weed control was always a problem, so high-yielding wheat had to have some capacity to resist competition from weeds. Similarly, in some areas and some years, insects could cause damage. Wheat varieties therefore had to be able to withstand them somehow. Other factors of importance to wheat breeders were habit of growth and the color and quality of the grain. Winter wheats were useful in climates that had winters mild enough to allow planting in the fall and thus higher yields the next summer.

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Pilipavicius, Vytautas. "Herbicides in Winter Wheat of Early Growth Stages Enhance Crop Productivity". In Herbicides - Properties, Synthesis and Control of Weeds. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/31303.

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Myers, Judith H. "Predicting the Outcome of Biological Control". In Evolutionary Ecology. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195131543.003.0035.

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The movement of humans around the earth has been associated with an amazing redistribution of a variety of organisms to new continents and exotic islands. The natural biodiversity of native communities is threatened by new invasive species, and many of the most serious insect and weed pests are exotics. Classical biological control is one approach to dealing with nonindigenous species. If introduced species that lack natural enemies are competitively superior in exotic habitats, introducing some of their predators (herbivores), diseases, or parasitoids may reduce their population densities. Thus, the introduction of more exotic species may be necessary to reduce the competitive superiority of nonindigenous pests. The intentional introduction of insects as biological control agents provides an experimental arena in which adaptations and interactions among species may be tested. We can use biological control programs to explore such evolutionary questions as: What characteristics make a natural enemy a successful biological control agent? Does coevolution of herbivores and hosts or predators (parasitoids) and prey result in few species of natural enemies having the potential to be successful biological control agents? Do introduced natural enemies make unexpected host range shifts in new environments? Do exotic species lose their defense against specialized natural enemies after living for many generations without them? If coevolution is a common force in nature, we expect biological control interactions to demonstrate a dynamic interplay between hosts and their natural enemies. In this chapter, I consider biological control introductions to be experiments that might yield evidence on how adaptation molds the interactions between species and their natural enemies. I argue that the best biological control agents will be those to which the target hosts have not evolved resistance. Classical biological control is the movement of natural enemies from a native habitat to an exotic habitat where their host has become a pest. This approach to exotic pests has been practiced since the late 1800s, when Albert Koebele explored the native habitat of the cottony cushion scale, Icrya purchasi, in Australia and introduced Vadalia cardinalis beetles (see below) to control the cottony cushion scale on citrus in California. This control has continued to be a success.

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Elhaik, Tarek. "The Incurable Park: Fundidora". In The Incurable-Image. Edinburgh University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474403351.003.0006.

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This chapter is a pedagogical experiment in curatorial design that takes issue with humanist and socially oriented forms of collaboration in the age of ethnography. In 2013 the author had the opportunity to conduct a one-week seminar and deliver a public lecture in the context of the ‘Curation and Critique’ series programmed by Javier Toscano at the Escuela Adolfo Prieto in Mexico's industrial city of Monterrey. The seminar was designed to explore the concept of the incurable-image with twelve participants active in Monterrey's contemporary art scene. To this end, participants embarked on a thought experiment and a collaborative essay that would diagnose one of Monterrey's postindustrial landmarks: Parque Fundidora. This chapter first describes Toscano's curatorial work before discussing the interplay of control and curation in the layout of what seminar participants refer to as the ‘Incurable Park’. Through collaboration, this chapter tests the limits of ethnography, curation, and conceptual pedagogy.

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Gupta, Swarna Biseria, Divya Verma e D. P. Singh. "Case Study". In Ophthalmology, 211–16. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5195-9.ch013.

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Epidemic dropsy is a multi-system disease involving the cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, ocular and other systems. Onset is usually subacute or insidious with watery diarrhea and vomiting. This lasts from a few days to more than a week. Bilaterally symmetrical pitting edema of the lower limbs extending from the ankles up to the scrotum and abdominal wall is a constant feature. It is a toxic disease caused by the unintentional ingestion of Argemone mexicana (prickly yellow poppy) seeds as an adulterant of wheat flour, or more commonly, of cooking oil such as mustard oil. Sanguinarine and dehydrosanguinarine are two major toxic alkaloids of Argemone oil. It is a rare phenomenon for practicing ophthalmologists to observe cases of epidemic dropsy, and the possibility of glaucoma should be kept in mind in cases of epidemic dropsy, when members of same family or village report with raised IOP, pedal edema and history of use of mustard oil for cooking or massage. Glaucoma is hypersecretory in nature; prostaglandin and histamine release may have significant roles in its pathogenesis. The disease has self limiting course but needs good control of intraocular pressure (IOP) medically till it returns to normal and visual field changes have stabilized. Its early diagnosis is very important to prevent grievous complications; hence, all cases should be followed up regularly for IOP measurement and visual field analysis up to 8-12 weeks, because, if ignored, optic atrophy may develop.

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Toal, Gerard. "Why Does Russia Invade Its Neighbors?" In Near Abroad. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190253301.003.0007.

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It was supposed to be China’s coming-out party, a moment in the global spotlight affirming its arrival as an economic superpower. But hours before the opening ceremonies of the 2008 Beijing Olympics, news of a war in the Caucasus flashed across the world’s TV screens. On the southern slopes of the Caucasus Mountains, the state of Georgia launched a military offensive against South Ossetia, a small breakaway territory beyond its control since the Soviet collapse. Georgia’s offensive quickly brought Russia to the defense of its local Ossetian allies. As Soviet-era tanks rolled through the Roki tunnel, the only land connection between South Ossetia and Russia, Russian aircraft bombed Georgian targets in the region and beyond. For the first time since the Cold War ended, Russia was invading a neighboring state. Instead of glowing stories about China, speculation about a new Cold War filled the front pages of the Western press. Yet within a week the war was over and a ceasefire agreed. Thereafter a rapidly moving global financial crisis displaced what seemed a harbinger of geopolitical rupture to an afterthought. As quickly as it had flared, the Russo-Georgian war disappeared, and with it talk of a return to geopolitics past. Six years later Russia was in the global spotlight as host of the XXII Olympic Winter Games in Sochi, located on the shores of the Black Sea at the western end of the Caucasus Mountains. Despite well-grounded fears of terrorism, the Olympics were a triumph for Russia and its leadership. Yet a few days later, the world recoiled in shock as Russia once again invaded a neighboring state. Responding to a perceived “fascist coup” in Kyiv, unmarked Russian military personnel seized control of the Ukrainian province of Crimea, once part of Soviet Russia and home to Russia’s Black Sea Fleet. A hastily organized referendum followed, creating the appearance of legitimacy for Russia to formally annex the province, and the city of Sevastopol, in late March 2014.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Wheat Weed control"

1

Sunil K Mathanker, Paul R Weckler, Randal K Taylor e Guoliang Fan. "Adaboost and Support Vector Machine Classifiers for Automatic Weed Control: Canola and Wheat". In 2010 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 20 - June 23, 2010. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.29734.

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"Optimizing Weed Control by Integrating the Best Herbicide Rate and Bio-Agents in Wheat Field". In May 17-18, 2017 Istanbul (Turkey). DiRPUB, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/dirpub.dir0517254.

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Polin V.D., V. D., e I. F. Binaliev I.F. "Influence of weather conditions on the specific and quantitative composition of the weed component in winter wheat crops". In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-21.

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SPRUOGIS, Vidmantas, Anželika DAUTARTĖ, Romualdas ZEMECKIS, Edmundas BARTKEVIČIUS e Aida STIKLIENĖ. "THE INFLUENCE OF BIOORGANIC PREPARATIONS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF CONVENTIONALY GROWN WINTER WHEAT ACTIVATING AND SAVING THE USE OF SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS". In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.080.

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The influence of Raskila bioorganic fertilisers on the productivity of conventional winter wheat ‘Olivin’, was investigated in order to stimulate and save synthetic herbicide Arrat and fungicide Tango Super for spring spraying. Scheme of treatment: 1. Control; 2. Winter wheat sprayed (BBCH 20-29) with fertilizer Raskila 3 l ha-1; 3. Winter wheat sprayed (BBCH 20-29) with Arrat 0.2 kg ha-1+Tango super 1.5 l ha-1; 4. Winter wheat sprayed (BBCH 20-29) with Arrat 0.2 kg ha-1+Tango super 1.5 l ha-1+Raskila 3.0 l ha-1; 5. Winter wheat sprayed (BBCH 20-29) with Arrat 0.1 kg ha-1+Tango super 0.75 l ha-1+Raskila 3.0 l ha-1. The best result in the period of 2014-2016 was received after application of the following combination in spring: Arrat + Tango super + Raskila. This combination allows to reduce the rate of pesticides in half (50%), the differences compared to control are significant, statistically reliable. A statistically significant increase in the following winter wheat ‘Olivin’ quality parameters was found: protein 13.1-14.8%, gluten 24.3-29.7%, number of falls 228-292 s, starch 65.7-70.0%. Application of Raskila fertilizers has raised the grain quality class. The best results were in variants 3 and 4, where the I class of grain quality was achieved. Combination of Raskila fertilisers and pesticides: herbicide Arrat and fungicide Tango super statistically significantly increased the following winter wheat ‘Olivin’ characteristics - plant height 101.2-104.2 cm, ear length 6.9-7.1 cm, grain number per ear 28,96- 30.02, grain yield 6.71-7.03 t ha-1. Application of Raskila fertilizer 1.0 l ha-1 and herbicide Arrat 0.1 kg ha-1 decreased the number of weeds from 62.5 to 57.6 units per m2 and the weed weight decreased from 41.30 to 33.70 g m2. Stronger wheat crop overshadowed weeds better. Combination of Raskila and Tango super reduced the prevalence and severity of diseases in winter wheat such as Septoria spp., Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Erysiphe graminis, powdery rust (Puccinia recondita).

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Zhenchenko, K. G., E. N. Turin, A. A. Gongalo, V. Yu Ivanov, N. V. Karaeva e V. V. Reent. "Weed infestation in the crop rotations depending on the cultivation technology in the Crimea". In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-20.

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The stationary experiment on the comparative study of the direct sowing and traditional cultivation technology was laid in 2015–2016 at the trial field of the FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”. Two five-course crop rotations were taken as a base; all fields were included in the crop rotation. During the years of research, we observed mixed weed infestation. No matter what cultivation technology was applied, actual weed flora at the fields with winter crops was represented by overwintering and winter weeds; at the fields with spring crops – annual spring weeds. There were no rootstock grasses and rhizomatous perennial weeds or there were few of them at all fields in the experimental crop rotations both by traditional cultivation technology and direct sowing. Timely and high-quality weed control put the direct sowing on equal footing with the traditional one. It is advisable to change herbicides, their doses, as well as use tank mixes, after moving to a direct sowing system.

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KONDRATENKO, Ekaterina, Alexey STAROVOITOV, Elena STAROVOITOVA e Olga SOBOLEVA. "Assessment of Herbicides for Control of Dicotyledonous Weeds in Spring Wheat Crops in the Kemerovo Region". In Current Trends of Agricultural Industry in Global Economy. SibAC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32743/agri.gl.econ.2020.145-151.

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Chen, Shili, Guangde Song, Shijiu Jin e Xianglin Zhan. "The Design of an Ultrasonic Phased Array System on Pipelines’ Weld Inspection". In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0719.

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Phased arrays generate ultrasonic waves by using recisely-defined time delays for each element in an ultrasonic array group, this permits constructive and destructive interference of the wavefronts to form the pre-defined beam. So, ultrasonic phased arrays are well suited to weld inspections. First, beams can be multiplexed across the array, in what is called “electronic scanning”. This permits very rapid inspections of components, typically an order of magnitude faster than a single transducer raster scan. Second, the beam can be swept through a range of angles without moving the array; this is called “beam steering”, and the inspections are typically called “azimuthal” scans or “sectorial” scans. Before weld inspecting, the time delays between elements were computed using a specific model and compared to experimental delays obtained using through transmission tests. This paper describes the application of phased array on pipelines’ weld inspection. The detail hardware designs of linear phased arrays system and the summary of system performance are presented. This inspection system includes eight ultrasonic signal transmitting and receiving circuit units, which are used to control time sequence of ultrasonic beam and select channel used for waves construction, and amplify the received ultrasonic signal. Each unit is connected with 16 probe elements (total 128 elements in this system), and can receive 4-way ultrasonic signals (channel selection is done by RF switching). Additional performance is gained by intensively using FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Arrays) technology for memory and delay counters. Since the working frequency or FPGA is 100MHz, the delay time less than 10 ns is realized by analogue delay line. This system not only has the functions of conventional ultrasonic inspector, but also can display the defect shape and its size on the screen.

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Doctor, Steven R., Stephen E. Cumblidge, George J. Schuster, Robert V. Harris e Susan L. Crawford. "NDE Assessment of PWSCC in Control Rod Drive Mechanism Housings". In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93426.

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Studies being conducted at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in Richland, Washington are focused on assessing the effectiveness of nondestructive examination (NDE) techniques for inspecting control rod drive mechanism (CRDM) nozzles and J-groove weldments. The primary objective of this work is to provide information to the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (US NRC) on the effectiveness of NDE methods as related to the in-service inspection of CRDM nozzles and J-groove weldments, and to enhance the knowledge base of primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC) through destructive characterization of the CRDM assemblies. In describing two CRDM assemblies removed from service, decontaminated, and then used in a series of NDE measurements, this paper will address the following questions: 1) What did each technique detect?, 2) What did each technique miss?, and 3) How accurately did each technique characterize the detected flaws? Two CRDM assemblies including the CRDM nozzle, the J-groove weld, buttering, and a portion of the ferritic head material were selected for this study. One contained suspected PWSCC, based on in-service inspection data and through-wall leakage; the other contained evidence suggesting through-wall leakage, but this was unconfirmed. The two CRDMs used in this study were cut from a pressure vessel head that has since been replaced. The selected NDE measurements follow standard industry techniques for conducting in-service inspections of CRDM nozzles and the crown of the J-groove welds and buttering. In addition, laboratory based NDE methods were employed to conduct inspections of the CRDM assemblies, with particular emphasis on inspecting the J-groove weld and buttering. This paper will also describe the NDE methods used and discuss the NDE results. Future work will involve using the results from these NDE studies to guide the development of a destructive characterization plan to reveal the crack morphology and a comparison of the degradation found by the destructive evaluation with the recorded NDE responses.

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Cosham, Andrew, e Kenneth A. Macdonald. "Fracture Control in Pipelines Under High Plastic Strains: A Critique of DNV-RP-F108". In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64348.

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Offshore pipelines experience strains greater than yield during pipelay and in service. Installation by reeling introduces high levels of plastic strain, typically on the order of 2 percent for a 12 in. flowline. Controlled lateral buckling in offshore pipelines, due to high operating pressures and/or temperatures, may also give rise to high strains and large cyclic loads. Similarly, frost heave or ground movement in onshore pipelines can cause high strains. To date, most of the cases involving high strains are to be found in offshore pipelines, in terms of both design and the assessment of accidental states. However, some of the experiences in the offshore industry have relevance to onshore pipelines. Fracture control in this context is designing pipelines to address the implications of these high static and cyclic strains during installation/construction and operation. Pipeline design codes such as DNV-OS-F101 and DNV-RP-F108 give guidance. Two issues to consider are: the degradation of the material properties, and the failure of the girth welds. High strains may cause failure or the growth — by stable ductile tearing — of preexisting flaws in the weld. Subsequent fatigue loading may cause pre-existing flaws to grow to failure. Engineering critical assessments (ECAs) are conducted during pipeline design to determine tolerable sizes for weld flaws. Standards such as BS 7910 and API 579 are primarily stress-based and it is not straightforward to apply them to strain-based situations. DNV-RP-F108 addresses this gap by providing additional guidance derived from UK and Norwegian research programmes. Assessing flaws subject to high strains is at the ‘cutting-edge’ of applied fracture mechanics. ECAs often have a reputation of being ‘over-conservative’. ECAs of pipelines subject to high strains may indicate that only very small flaws would be acceptable, whereas practical experience has shown that the girth welds are highly tolerant to the presence of flaws. It is therefore instructive to consider under what situations might ECAs be too conservative, and when they may be non-conservative. The available guidance for ensuring fracture control in pipelines under high plastic strains is discussed in this paper, and the wider issues are addressed.

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Boring, Matthew A., e William A. Bruce. "The Effect of Hoop Stress on the Burnthrough Susceptibility During In-Service Welding of Thin-Walled Pipelines". In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64354.

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Most companies control the risk of burnthrough by prohibiting welding on pipelines with wall thicknesses below a specified thickness. This is a safe approach but the risk of burnthrough depends not only on the wall thickness, but also on the welding parameters and the operating parameters of the pipeline which include pressure. It is generally acknowledged that the hoop stress caused by pressurizing the pipeline has a relatively minor effect on the risk of burnthrough since the size of the area heated by the welding arc is small. While this has certainly been shown to be true for thicker materials, previous research has shown that the pressure can have a dramatic effect on burnthrough risk for thinner materials. The objective of this project was to further investigate the effects pressure and hoop stress has on the burnthrough risk of welding onto thin-walled pipelines in service. For circumferential welds, pressure and wall thickness determine the burnthrough risk and pipe diameter appears to have no effect. The failure mechanism for circumferential welds is consistently a burnthrough. For longitudinal welds, pipe diameter does appear to affect burnthrough risk even though the effect appears to be secondary to pressure and wall thickness. The pipe diameter is believed to be more influential for longitudinal welds because of the larger area of heated material that is exposed to the hoop stress. Also, the results indicate that the magnitude of the hoop stress has a direct effect on the failure mechanism for longitudinal welds (i.e., burnthrough or weld centerline cracks). For longitudinal welds, the failure mechanism is commonly burnthrough for welds made onto pipes with a hoop stress below 30% specified minimum yield stress (SMYS) which indicates that the internal pressure of the pipe is the main driving force for failure. Longitudinal welds made on pipes which are experiencing hoop stress above 30% SMYS commonly fail by weld cracking. It is important to note that even though pressure does have an effect on the burnthrough susceptibility of welds made on thin-walled pipelines, pressure only becomes a factor for welds made at heat input levels in excess of what is predicted safe by thermal analysis modeling.

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