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Tesi sul tema "Wetland ecology"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 30 luglio 2024

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1

Balcombe, Collins K. "An evaluation of vegetation and wildlife communities in mitigation and natural wetlands of West Virginia". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2857.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xx, 417 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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2

Clouston, Elizabeth M. "Linking the ecological and economic values of wetlands a case study of the wetlands of Moreton Bay /". Connect to this title online, 2002. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030828.140330/.

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3

Sherrill, Ursula Rose. "The restoration of wetland functions at the Rio Bosque Wetlands Park in El Paso, Texas, USA". To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2007. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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4

Holt, Courtney R. Folkerts Debbie R. "A floristic study of Weaver Creek Wetland, Santa Rosa County, Florida". Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SPRING/Biological_Sciences/Thesis/Holt_Courtney_38.pdf.

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5

Southall, Emily Jane. "The ecology of poor fen & willow carr on Goss Moor NNR, Cornwall". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2017.

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Goss Moor NNR is a unique, rare and nationally-important wetland habitat in Mid- Cornwall. The majority of the habitats were created as a result of a long history of tin-stream mining, which ceased in the early 1900s. Phytosociological surveys of poor-fen and willow carr communities provide the first formal descriptions of the vegetation at this site. The poor-fen survey revealed twelve poor-fen vegetation types, which were distributed along a primary environmental gradient of organic matter depth, surface water height and bare substrate. Separation of the poor-fen communities by a moisture gradient was considered as spatial evidence for hydroseral succession, which begins with the colonisation of open-water pools created by tin excavations. The Salix cinerea ssp. oleifolia willow carr was divided by eight understorey communities, according to age, defined by reference to five sets of aerial photographs of Goss Moor taken over the last six decades. The average number of poor-fen species per unit area in the understorey generally decreased with age. This relationship was related to the increase in canopy cover and, therefore, shade. Willow was found to invade areas with the greatest amounts of accumulated organic material and a low water table. In the oldest and driest willow, oak saplings were found, indicating the beginning of secondary woodland. An architectural analysis of willow showed that useful age descriptors were the height of the first fork, the number of live secondary shoots, tree height and dbh, all of which generally increased with age. Spatial successional patterns were characterised using the lattice-wombling technique in three large rectangles or 'tranomes'. Plant communities were associated with either abrupt or diffuse boundary types. Abrupt boundaries or ecotones were found between heath communities and densely vegetated tall-herb fen and species-poor willow carr wetland vegetation. Diffuse or ecocline transitions occurred between communities with subtle differences in their composition. Spatial relationships between swamp and poor-fen communities were taken as evidence for space-for- time successions, these patterns varied according to location and microtopography. Investigations into the water regime showed water depth was governed by substrate heterogeneity. Homogeneous microtopography was associated with deep inundations and greatest amplitude in water depth, and most closely resembled rainfall fluctuations. The most complex microtopography resulted from the most intense tin-streaming activity. Therefore the anthropogenic history of Goss Moor plays an important role in governing the contemporary water regime and vegetation distribution. Of the wetland communities, rush pasture was the driest and poor-fen the wettest. The communities of open habitats were wetter than the willow communities. The youngest willow community was drier in the summer than the other five vegetation types studied, which was indicative of the conditions necessary for willow scrub colonisation to take place. The N:P ratio revealed that nitrogen was the limiting nutrient in all of the wetland vegetation types suggesting an early stage of successional development. High water levels were thought to be responsible for the prevalence of N-limitation on Goss Moor, creating deoxygenated substrates and leading to the demise of nitrifying bacteria and thus a reduction in the rate of soil N mineralisation. Plant strategies were used to classify the species from a number of wetland communities ranging from open-water pools to willow carr, in order to apply them to Grime's triangular model. The ten communities were ordered into a logical successional sequence. However, the model needs to be modified to account for succession in the aquatic environment. Based on the findings of this thesis, a number of suggestions were made for the effective management of the wetland habitats on Goss Moor. These include: evaluation of willow scrub before removal so those areas of vegetation subsequently opened-up can be monitored; and the creation of new ponds to encourage the growth of certain poor-fen communities, which are species-rich, but only account for a small area of the whole resource.

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6

Alsfeld, Amy J. "The effects of amendments and landscape position on the biotic community of constructed depressional wetlands". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 118 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=1251902791&Fmt=7&clientId=79356&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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7

Shidisky, Joseph G. "Diversity among plant species in an emergent wetland an initial survey of the Landingville Marsh /". Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1997. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (M. Ed.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1997.
Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 3071. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaves [1-2]. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-79).

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8

Yung, Sonja Burns. "Measurement of sediment oxygen demand in a created urban wetland". Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08222009-040211/.

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9

Regan, Matthew. "Plant community response to wetland enhancement techniques in coastal wetlands of the upper St. Lawrence River". Thesis, State University of New York Col. of Environmental Science & Forestry, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10254553.

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Stabilized water levels of the upper St. Lawrence River have reduced plant diversity and allowed competitively dominant taxa such as Typha x glauca and Typha angustifolia to displace productive sedge meadow habitat. This research studied the effects of two wetland enhancement techniques using habitat heterogeneity and manipulating hydrology. Dredge spoils from pothole excavations in Typha marshes were reconfigured to create habitat mounds. These habitat mounds created from an exposed seed bank had less Typha spp. and were more diverse than the surrounding remnant Typha marshes. Sedge meadow vegetation did not successfully colonize these habitat mounds. Water levels at two wetlands were raised above the water levels of the upper St. Lawrence River. Raising water levels increased floating leaf aquatic vegetation but did not decrease Typha spp. Alternative enhancement methods may be necessary to control Typha spp. while restoring sedge meadows.

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10

Misiti, Teresa Marie. "Groundwater nitrate reduction in a simulated free water surface wetland system". Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31847.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.
Committee Member: Pavlostathis, Spyros; Committee Member: Spain, Jim; Committee Member: Tezel, Ulas. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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11

Wan, Chi-lam Floyd. "Wetland and water ecology centre in Tai O /". View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3461235X.

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12

Wan, Chi-lam Floyd, e 溫智霖. "Wetland and water ecology centre in Tai O". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45009715.

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13

Donaldson, Lynda. "Conservation and ecology of wetland birds in Africa". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/31812.

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Conservation managers worldwide are increasingly faced with the challenges of managing and protecting fragmented landscapes, largely as a consequence of human activities. Over recent decades, ecological theory has made a significant contribution to the development of landscape-scale conservation and practice. However, recommendations accounting for what is practically achievable in the modern-day landscape are currently lacking, while criteria for conservation planning and prioritisation continue to neglect the role of habitat networks at the required spatial scale for the long-term persistence of biodiversity. In this thesis, I test and apply ideas surrounding the complexities of managing and conserving species in a landscape context, using a suite of bird species endemic to papyrus (Cyperus papyrus) swamps in East and Central Africa as a model system. In the face of large-scale habitat loss and degradation, practical measures that account for the fragmented nature of this system, the needs of multiple specialist species, and the reliance on this habitat by local people, are urgently required. I first review the concepts originating from reserve design theory to provide a decision-making framework for those involved in landscape-scale conservation amid 21st century challenges to biodiversity, highlighting the key principles to be considered for informed choices to be made. Second, I show that the needs of local people can be compatible with conservation planning in the tropics, and may play an important part in maintaining habitat quality for species residing in historically disturbed landscapes. Third, I develop a novel framework to make an explicit link between metapopulation dynamics and conservation planning. Despite differences in the patch-level dynamics of individual species, areas of habitat where populations of multiple species are resistant to extinction, and resilient because of high chances of (re)colonization can be identified, highlighting where resources could be invested to ensure species have the capacity to respond to future change. Finally, I simulate the metapopulation dynamics of the papyrus-endemic birds to demonstrate that the optimal conservation strategy for the long-term persistence of all species residing in a network depends on the characteristics of individual species, and the total area that can be protected. Overall, this thesis develops and tests the ecological theory used in spatial conservation planning, emphasising the importance of habitat disturbance and interspecific ecological differences for the effective management of habitat networks. The results increase the evidence base for the conservation of wetland birds in Africa, as well as for species residing in fragmented landscapes more generally.

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14

Bailey, Jennifer Diane. "Vertical Distribution of Wetland Plant Roots and Their Associated Bacteria in Groundwater-fed Wetlands". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1452708738.

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15

Lancaster, Nicole N. M. "Effects of salinity on biogeochemical processes and methylmercury production in freshwater wetland sediments". View electronic thesis, 2008. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2008-3//r1/lancastern/nicolelancaster.pdf.

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16

Magnusson, Gisele Marie. "Economic-ecological relationships in coastal wetland restoration /". View online ; access limited to URI, 2006. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3225321.

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17

Newbold, Stephen Carlisle. "Targeting conservation activities : cost-effective wetlands restoration in the Central Valley of California /". For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2002. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Davis, 2002.
Degree granted in Ecology. Includes bibliographical references (leaves189-199). Also available via the World Wide Web. (Restricted to UC campuses)

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18

Allan, Caroline Elizabeth. "Nitrogen fixation in riverine wetland plant communities". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297033.

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19

Lung, Joni M. "Mink and Raccoon Use of Wetlands as Influenced by Wetland and Landscape Characteristics in Central Ohio". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1218600551.

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20

Sullivan, Rodney Thomas. "Haberek wetland creation". Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/835836.

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Wetlands in the United States have been decreasing in number from the time European settlers began draining them for agricultural purposes to the present. Wetlands serve many important ecological functions such as waterfowl habitat.The purpose of this project was to investigate wetland creation literature in order to develop a process which could be applied to a particular site to attract waterfowl. The topics reviewed for this project were goal setting, for wetland creations, wetland creation methodologies and waterfowl habitat criteria. The major portion of the project was devoted to the construction process of the wetland. The criteria used to direct the wetland construction were hydrology, topographic contour design, revegetation, and protective buffers. Trail development to provide public access for educational purposes was also an important component of the wetland design. Waterfowl habitat criteria was also researched and applied to the project in order it insure that waterfowl would be attracted to the wetland.The process developed from the research was applied to Jim Haberek's property located in Anderson, Indiana. The product was a masterplan which included a site analysis, a water level management plan, a contour design, a revegetation plan, protective buffers and a trail design for the public.
Department of Landscape Architecture

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21

Porej, Deni. "Faunal aspects of wetland creation and restoration". Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1078327758.

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Thesis (Ph. D)--Ohio State University, 2004.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 120 p.; also includes graphics. Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center.

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22

Rodriguez, Ruth. "Nutrient dynamics in a created desert wetland implications for the Rio Bosque Wetlands Park /". To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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23

Reeder, Brian Charles. "Primary productivity, sedimentation, and phosphorous cycling in a Lake Erie coastal wetland". Connect to resource, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1244210231.

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24

Kolozsvary, Mary Beth. "Hydroperiod of Wetlands and Reproduction in Wood Frogs (Rana sylvatica) and Spotted Salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum)". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/KolozsvaryMB2003.pdf.

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25

Amarasinghe, Mala Damayanthi. "Environmental assessment for wetland management in Sri Lanka". Thesis, University of Salford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386393.

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26

Bailey, David E. "Wetland Vegetation Dynamics and Ecosystem Gas Exchange in Response to Organic Matter Loading Rates". W&M ScholarWorks, 2006. http://www.vims.edu/library/Theses/Bailey06.pdf.

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27

Richardson, J., Phillip R. Scheuerman e M. Benton. "Biosurvey of a Constructed Wetland Using a Newly Developed Treatment Wetlands Evaluation Index". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1996. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2912.

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28

Painter, Luke. "Growth rates and the definition of old-growth in forested wetlands of the Puget Sound region". Online pdf file accessible through the World Wide Web, 2007. http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession86-10MES/Painter_L%20MESThesis%202007.pdf.

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29

McNair, Sheila A. Chow-Fraser Patricia. "The use of primary producers for assessing and monitoring aquatic habitat quality in Great Lakes coastal wetlands". *McMaster only, 2006.

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30

Thatcher, Lisa A. "Carbon remineralization and storage in estuarine wetland sediments /". Electronic version (PDF), 2005. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2005/thatcherl/lisathatcher.pdf.

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31

Ma, Jia Ji Wei. "A geospatial methodology for assessing wetland vulnerability under anthropogenic pressures at a watershed scale". Diss., UMK access, 2006.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Geosciences and School of Computing and Engineering. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2006.
"A dissertation in geoscience and software architecture." Advisor: Wei Ji. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Nov. 13, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 248-261). Online version of the print edition.

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32

Onufrak, Aaron John. "The Missing Metric: An Evaluation of Microorganism Importance in Wetland Assessments". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1533297164045057.

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33

Mulligan, Julie. "The role of a temperate constructed wetland in nutrient mitigation". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9055.

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This study assessed the effectiveness of a newly constructed 4.2 hectare wetland in Eastern Ontario as a sink for nutrients within an urban fringe watershed. During the initial two years after construction, the wetland was a sink for total phosphorus (TP) during the spring, summer and early fall. However, it was a large source of TP during late fall. During the spring, summer and early fall the wetland was a minor sink for total nitrogen (TN), but it was an effective mechanism for reduction of TN in late fall. An analysis of the nutrient retention capabilities of plant litter indicated that sediments of lower organic content may be more effective at P retention. The very different reactions of P and N to late fall anoxia in 1997 imply the need to focus design and management of constructed wetlands on the nutrient of major concern within the watershed. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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34

Mayes, William. "Limestone extraction and wetland environments : hydrological, hydrochemical and ecological interactions". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275428.

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35

Botterill, Elizabeth Mary. "A palaeoecological study of Cors Gyfelog and Tre'r Gof : lowland mires in North West Wales". Thesis, Keele University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.330177.

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This study investigates post-Glacial development of Cors Gyfelog and Tre'r Gof - lowland mires in north west Wales - and the vegetational history of the region over the same period. Using existing hydroseral theories, possible future successions are predicted, their desirablility from conservation viewpoints, and whether management might be considered necessary. Peat stratigraphy records vegetational changes at the two sites, supported by pollen analysis, which also reveals regional developments. Additionally, correlations are attempted between variations in peat chemistry and mineral content, and mire vegetational changes shown by the other techniques. Results from Cors Gyfelog indicate central parts of the mire were of early post-Glacial lacustrine origin, but terrestrialisation followed quickly. The wetland area expanded during the Atlantic period. Pollen and biostratigraphy indicate fluctuations between poor-fen and alder carr until the sub-Atlantic, when there was reedswamp and incipient valley bog, before general succession to sedge fen. Latterly, probably following minor drainage attempts, conditions have become drier, and large areas are now dominated by Molinia or Salix. Tre'r Gof history spans the post-Glacial. Until c.4000 B.P., conditions were lacustrine, with calcareous waters deriving from shelly Irish Sea till. Surrounding wet meadow succeeded to carr. With terrestrialisation, the mire became rich fen. Southern parts of the mire have recently been affected by drainage, leaving drier grassland areas and small patches of carr, although with some very wet patches. Whilst research on British mires suggests that eventual domination by Sphagnum mosses is normal, this does not appear to be happening here. Drainage attempts, however, could raise surface vegetation above the water table, away from nutrient-rich waters, and allow ombrotrophic Sphagnum growth. Alternatively, carr may spread and dominate, particularly at Cors Gyfelog. It is suggested that neither would be desirable, so frequent monitoring should be conducted, unwanted carr removed, and water

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Carpenter, Kathryn Elizabeth. "Nutrient, fluvial and groundwater fluxes between a North Norfolk, U.K. saltmarsh and the North Sea". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357211.

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37

Hanford, Jayne Kathryn. "Aquatic Biodiversity and Mosquito Ecology in Urban Wetlands". Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/23225.

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Global wetland loss means urban wetlands are an increasingly valuable conservation resource. Concerns around mosquito-borne diseases will restrict how we manage these wetlands for conservation, yet the impacts of common wetland management practices on aquatic biodiversity and mosquitoes are often untested, and our understanding of interactions between biodiversity, mosquitoes and wetland and landscape traits is severely limited. I used a combination of observational and landscape scale manipulative field experiments and laboratory experiments to characterise relationships between aquatic biodiversity, mosquitoes, wetland traits, surrounding human population density, invasive species and wetland management regimes. I found that aquatic biodiversity and abundance of mosquito species of pest and public health importance respond to wetland design traits and human population density, though biodiversity and mosquitoes are not necessarily responding to each other. Wetland management regimes and the presence of invasive species can significantly affect aquatic biodiversity and mosquito abundance, as well as mosquito behaviour. Direct and indirect relationships between mosquitoes and other aquatic biota appear to influence subsequent community recovery following such disturbances. Relationships altered due to wetland management regimes and the presence of invasive species in turn have the potential to shape mosquito risks associated with freshwater urban wetlands and influence the value of these wetlands to urban biodiversity. To maximise the ecological benefits of the growing number of freshwater urban wetlands without creating perverse impacts on public health and wellbeing associated with mosquito exposure requires not only improved integration between the traditionally separate fields of wetland ecology and medical entomology, but also consideration of species-specific responses and design traits to pre-emptively minimise potential risks.

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Buckallew, Robin Randolph Dickson Kenneth L. "Comparison of bare root vs. potted plants, species selection, and caging types for restoration of a prairie wetland, and quantitative analysis and descriptive survey of plant communities and associations at Lewisville Lake Environmental Learning Area (LLELA), Lewisville, TX". [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-3700.

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39

Herman, Brook Danielle. "Testing the Floristic Quality Assessment Index in natural and created wetlands in Mississippi, USA". Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2005. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/ETD-browse/browse.

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40

Gabor, T. Shane (Thomas Shane). "Nutrient addition experiments in the interlake region of Manitoba : effect of single pulse addition in spring". Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59941.

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This study examined the responses of algae and invertebrates to a single application of nutrients in a series of experimental wetland enclosures in the Interlake Region of Manitoba during 1989 and 1990. Water, sediment and vegetation chemistry were also monitored. The 3 fertilization treatments were: dissolved inorganic high (6200 $ mu$g/l N, 420 $ mu$g/l P), dissolved inorganic low (3200 $ mu$g/l N, 210 $ mu$g/l P) and organic high (alfalfa: 6200 $ mu$g/l N, 420 $ mu$g/l P).
Dissolved nutrients in the high and low treatments were quickly depleted from the system but dissolved N increased in the alfalfa treatment as decomposition progressed. No changes in sediment or vegetation chemistry were detected. Phytoplankton biomass increased in all the fertilized enclosures while epiphytic periphyton exhibited only minor responses. Epipelon biomass increased in the alfalfa treatment and metaphyton standing crops were extensive in the high treatment enclosures.
In the alfalfa treatment, high microbial respiration rapidly decreased dissolved oxygen concentrations which negatively affected invertebrates. This trend reversed as oxygen levels increased. Dominant nektonic and benthic herbivores-detritivores increased in the high and alfalfa treatment enclosures. Orthocladiinae emergence increased in the high and alfalfa treatments while Chironominae and Tanypodinae increased in the alfalfa treatment. Responses by algae and invertebrate communities to the fertilization treatments were minimal during 1990. Annual single pulse fertilization has the potential to increase the productivity of Interlake wetlands.

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41

Pollock, Michael Moritz. "Patterns of plant species richness in emergent and forestry wetlands of southeast Alaska /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5518.

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42

Schäfer, Martina. "Mosquitoes as a Part of Wetland Biodiversity". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Populationsbiologi, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4670.

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Wetlands contain both aquatic and terrestrial environments which generates high biodiversity. However, they are commonly associated with mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae), and mosquitoes are usually regarded as negative by humans because they can cause nuisance and transmit diseases. This thesis aimed to clarify the association between mosquitoes and wetlands and to achieve a more balanced view of biodiversity in wetlands by including mosquito diversity. Studies on adult mosquito diversity and assemblages were performed in 18 wetlands spread over Sweden. The Swedish mosquito species were organized in ten functional groups based on four life-history characteristics. This classification was used as an additional diversity measurement and as a tool for presentation of mosquito data. Mosquito diversity showed several of the well-established diversity patterns such as a latitudinal gradient, a species-area relationship and a distribution-abundance relationship. In a landscape perspective, diversity of both mosquitoes and dytiscids (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) were positively influenced by a high proportion of permanent water and a high amount of open areas, indicating co-varying diversity patterns. Mosquito assemblages in the Nedre Dalälven region were mainly structured by the extent of flooded areas and wetland type (wet meadow, swamp and bog). In addition to the influence of the proportion of temporary wetlands at a local scale, the proportion of forest gained importance at larger spatial scales and in relation to dispersal distances of species. In southern Sweden, mosquito faunas differed between natural and constructed wetlands, partly reflecting differences in wetland size. In an experiment, different responses of two co-occurring mosquito species to rapid larval habitat desiccation indicate that weather conditions after a flood could influence mosquito assemblages. The conclusions of this thesis provide suggestions on how to construct and position wetlands for increased insect diversity, and indicate that low abundance of major nuisance species might be crucial for acceptance of wetlands near human settlements.

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Flaugh, Dianne L. "Determining the potential for wetland construction within a linear park setting". Virtual Press, 1991. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/835835.

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The purpose of this creative project was to outline the concept of Wetland Incentive Zones and to develop a site masterplan based on this concept. Meant as an alternative to large single-site wetland banks, Wetland Incentive Zones would be linear areas of land where wetland construction and preservation efforts would be concentrated. The linear structure would distribute the benefits associated with wetlands through a greater area than would a typical wetland bank. If linked together, the zones would form a network of recreational greenways and function as a travel corridor for wildlife. Participating zone landowners would benefit from tax abatements on wetland acreage and other incentive programs. The public would benefit from the preservation and construction of wetlands and the zone's recreational and educational elements.The masterplan was developed to direct wetland site development opportunities and public recreation and educational functions within a 3200 acre study site located in Allen County, Indiana. This site masterplan identified areas suitable for wetland construction, investigated their potential as wildlife habitat, and the wetland condition likely to be supported. The development plan for the site was focused on the use of an abandoned railroad line as a trail system for public recreation and educational use.
Department of Landscape Architecture

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44

Melly, Brigitte Leigh, e Phumelele T. Gama. "Factors influencing wetland distribution and structure, including ecosystem function of ephemeral wetlands, in Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (NMBM), South Africa". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/11721.

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The Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (NMBM) is a semi-arid area along the southern coastline of South Africa (SA). Until recently, there was no systematic approach to research on wetland systems in the NMBM. The systematic identification of wetlands was made more difficult by the relatively large number of small, ephemeral systems that can be difficult to delineate. This has meant that fundamental knowledge on wetland distribution, structure and function has been limited and, consequently, management and conservation strategies have been based on knowledge on systems from other regions of the country. Environmental processes occur at different spatial and temporal scales. These processes have an effect on the abiotic factors and biotic structure of wetlands, resulting in inherently complex systems. The location of the NMBM provides a good study area to research some of these environmental and biological attributes at different spatial scales, due to the variability in the underlying geology, geomorphology, vegetation types and the spatial and temporal variability in rainfall, within a relatively small area of 1951 km2. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the factors influencing wetland distribution, structure and ecosystem functioning within the NMBM. The first Research Objective of work presented here was to identify wetlands using visual interpretation of aerial photographs. A total of 1712 wetlands were identified within the NMBM using aerial photographs, covering an area of 17.88 km2 (Chapter 5). The majority of these wetlands were depressions, seeps and wetland flats. Valley bottom wetlands (channelled and unchannelled) and floodplain wetlands were also identified. A range of wetland sizes was recorded, with 86% of the wetlands being less than 1 ha in size and the largest natural wetland being a floodplain wetland of 57 ha, located south of the Swartkops River. The identified wetlands were used to create a wetland occurrence model using logistic regression (LR) techniques (Chapter 5), in accordance with Objective 2 of the study. An accuracy of 66% was obtained, which was considered acceptable for a semi-arid climate with a relatively high degree of spatial and temporal rainfall variability. The model also highlighted several key environmental variables that are associated with wetland occurrence and distribution at various spatial scales. Some of the important variables included precipitation, evapotranspiration, temperature, flow accumulation and groundwater occurrence. Wetland distribution patterns were described in Chapter 6. Spatial statistics were used to identify whether wetlands are clustered and, therefore, form mosaics within the surrounding landscape (Objective 3). Systems were found to be highly clustered, with 43% of wetlands located within 200 m of another system. Clustering and wetland presence was especially prominent in the southern portion of the Municipality, which is also associated with a higher mean annual precipitation. Smaller wetlands were also significantly more clustered than larger systems (Average Nearest Neighbour statistic, p-value < 0.0001). Average distances also significantly varied according to HGM type, with depressions being the most geographically isolated wetland type compared to the other HGM types. Overall, distances between wetlands indicated good proximal connectivity. Potentially vulnerable areas associated with wetland systems were identified successfully using landscape variables, in accordance with Objective 4. These variables were: land cover, slope gradient, flow accumulation, APAN evaporation, mean annual precipitation (MAP) and annual heat units. The existing Critical Biodiversity Network was also used in connection with these variables to further identify potentially vulnerable areas. The abiotic and biotic characteristics were decribed for three hydrogeomorphic (HGM) types at a total of 46 wetland sites (Chapter 7), as per Objective 5. Depressions, seeps and wetland flats were sampled across the different geological, vegetation and rainfall zones within the NMBM. The wetland sites were delineated up to Level 6 of the Classification System used in SA, and the various abiotic and biotic characteristics of these systems were defined. A total of 307 plant, 144 aquatic macroinvertebrate and 10 tadpole species were identified. Of these species, over 90 species were Eastern Cape and SA endemic species, as well as three threatened species on the IUCN Red List. Multivariate analyses (including Bray-Curtis similarity resemblance analyses, distance-based redundancy analyses, SIMPER analyses and BIOENV analysis in Primer), together with environmental data, were used to define community structure at an HGM level, in accordance with Objective 5. The importance of the spatial scale of the environmental data used to define plant and macroinvertebrate community structure was described in Chapter 7, to address Objective 6. The results showed that both broad-scale and site-level characteristics were important in distinguishing community structure within the HGM types that superseded general location, the sample timing or the stage of inundation. These results also indicated that a combination of both landscape and site-level data are important in defining the community structure in the various HGM types. Some of the important environmental variables that explained some of species assemblages were similar to those in the wetland occurrence model (Chapter 5), with some additional hydrological and soil physico-chemical parameters (e.g. soil electrical conductivity, soil pH, and surface and subsurface water nutrients). These significant variables indicate the complex, multi-scalar role of environmental attributes on wetland distribution, structure and function.

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Long, Arin Lexine. "Distribution and Drivers of a Widespread, Invasive Wetland Grass, Phragmites australis, in Great Salt Lake Wetlands". DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3869.

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Non-native invasive plant species can often have negative effects on native ecosystems, such as altered nutrient cycling, decreased habitat for wildlife, and outcompeting native plants. Around the Great Salt Lake (GSL), Utah, the invasive wetland grass Phragmites australis has become abundant in wetlands around the lake. Phragmites is replacing many native wetland plants provide important waterfowl habitat around the GSL. For successful management of Phragmites in GSL wetlands, it is important to know the current distribution of Phragmites, as well as areas that might be vulnerable to future invasion by Phragmites. To do this, we used multispectral aerial imagery to map the current distribution of Phragmites. We then created a model that statistically related the Phragmites distribution data to a suite of environmental predictor variables such as salinity, proximity to nutrient sources, or proximity to roads. Results from our model suggest that Phragmites is more likely to be found in wetland areas close to point sources of pollution, with lower elevations with prolonged inundation, and with moderate salinities. We used these results to identify areas around GSL that might be vulnerable to future invasion. Results from our study will assist wetlands managers in prioritizing areas for Phragmites monitoring and control by closely monitoring areas of prime Phragmites habitat.

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Zhao, Qiujie, Phillip R. Scheuerman, J. Forrest e Guy R. Lanza. "Microbial Activity as Indicator of Wetland Function". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1996. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2907.

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47

Spencer, Richard A. "Wetland Delineation of Camp Ripley in Minnesota". DigitalCommons@USU, 1997. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6579.

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The Department of Defense (DoD) maintains approximately 25 million acres of land that is used for military training in the continental United States. Currently, federal and state laws and regulations require that the DoD land be managed so that any activity, including training, will have a minimal effect on the natural environment.

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48

Weiss, Ronald A. "The status and distribution of rails and other marsh birds in natural and restored wetlands in northern Indiana". Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1001187.

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This study examines the status and distribution of rail populations in northern Indiana. Because rails are secretive and difficult to study, there have been few attempts in Indiana to determine the impact of wetland loss on the populations of rails and other marsh-nesting birds. There can be little doubt, however, that the loss of Indiana wetlands during historic times has caused a dramatic decline in rail populations.Using tape-recorded calls to elicit vocalizations, the status and distribution of five species of rails were studied in a 25,900 km2 area in northern Indiana in 1993 and 1994. A total of 107 surveys were conducted at 46 natural wetlands and 42 restored wetlands. The species surveyed were Sora (Porzana carolina), Virginia Rail (Rallus limicola), King Rail (Rallus elegans), Yellow Rail (Coturnicops noveboracensis), and Black Rail (Laterallus jamaicensis). Playbacks were also used to detect American Bittern (Botaurus lentiginosus), Least Bittern (Ixobrychus exilis), Marsh Wren (Cistothorus palustris) and Sedge Wren (Cistothorus platensis). Data were also collected on all other species of marsh-nesting birds detected during this study.Rails exhibited a patchy distribution. A total of 25 Soras, 33 Virginia Rails, and 1 King Rail was detected in natural wetlands in 1993. In 1994, 75 Soras, 46 Virginia Rails, and 1 King Rail was detected in the natural wetlands. A total of 30 Soras and 9 Virginia Rails was found in the restored wetlands studied in 1993 and 1994. No Yellow or Black Rails were found. Ten Least Bitterns, 31 Marsh Wrens, and 6 Sedge Wrens were detected in natural wetlands, but these species were not observed in restored wetlands.The occurrence of rails in natural wetlands was positively correlated with wetland size, presence of shrub vegetation in the watershed, amount of emergent vegetation, proximity of other wetlands, and extent of cattail cover. Negative correlations were found for human disturbance, amount of open water, and watershed characteristics. The strongest negative correlationswere found for human disturbances in or around the wetland.In restored wetlands, a significant difference was found between the occurrence of Sora and Virginia Rails with Soras occurring more frequently than Virginia Rails. A near significant difference in rail occurrence between natural and restored wetlands was also found, with rails occurring more frequently in natural wetlands, suggesting that natural wetlands surveyed may be a more suitable habitat for rails than the restored wetlands surveyed.Restored wetlands surveyed in this study failed to attract American Bitterns, Least Bitterns, Marsh Wrens or Sedge Wrens. American Bitterns were reported in natural wetlands during this study, but they were not observed.
Department of Biology

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49

Lee, Shing-yip. "The ecology of a traditional tidal shrimp pond in Hong Kong, the production and fate of macrodetritus, and implications for management /". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12430481.

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50

Bernal, Blanca. "Carbon Pools And Profiles In Wetland Soils: The Effect Of Climate And Wetland Type". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1218226611.

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