Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Weishi Xian (China)"

The engineering properties of collapsible loess have significant uncertainty. Accurate prediction of collapsible deformation is crucial for the safety of engineering construction in loess areas. Taking the typical collapsible loess stratum as the research object in Xi’an, based on the random field theory, combined with the Monte Carlo strategy and modulus reduction method, the stochastic finite element analysis of loess self-weight collapsibility is carried out to study the influence of the spatial variability of compression modulus on the self-weight collapsibility of loess. The results show that the loess tends to be stratified and average along the depth direction with the increase of transverse correlation distance. The random field result of self-weight collapsibility considering the spatial variability of compression modulus is significantly greater than the deterministic result of layered average and the calculated value of loess code. Considering the low compression modulus dominance effect of compression modulus with positive skewed distribution of random field, the equivalent characteristic value of the compression modulus calculated by the layered average modeling for the collapsibility evaluation of typical loess strata in Xi'an area is proposed.

Background and Aim: China has officially entered a new era of reform, marking that the construction of university sports culture has also ushered in a new era and new challenges. Therefore, this research aims to develop the sports culture indicators for sports avenues. Materials and Methods: The expert group members of this study are mainly university physical education teachers in Xi’an, leaders of Xi' a Sports Bureau, and grass-roots front-line teachers. All the selected experts have a rich theoretical basis and practical experience in constructing campus sports culture. Five people were selected by IOC, 25 people were selected by Cronbach reliability test, 19 experts by Delphi method, and 122 people for empirical research. Hierarchical Analysis YAAHP6.0 software is used to calculate the weight and consistency of each index and data processing of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method Matlab software is used to analyze the data. Results: The evaluation index system of university sports culture construction in Xi'an is constructed. The first-level indicators include sports spirit and culture, sports material culture, sports system culture, and sports behavior culture. The secondary index includes 9 aspects. There are 24 three-level indicators, covering all key aspects of the construction of campus sports culture. Conclusion: The evaluation index system proposed in this study is comprehensive, systematic, and scientific, which can provide effective tools for the evaluation and decision-making of the sports culture construction in Xi'an universities. The evaluation index system is scientific, systematic, and practical.

Objectives. To investigate how Xiao-Ai-Ping injection, a traditional Chinese medicine and an ancillary drug in tumor treatment, enhances the antitumor effects of cisplatin on Lewis lung cancer (LLC) cells.Methods. LLC-bearing mice were daily intraperitoneally injected with various doses of cisplatin, Xiao-Ai-Ping, or cisplatin plus Xiao-Ai-Ping, respectively. Body weight and tumor volumes were measured every three days.Results. Combination of Xiao-Ai-Ping and cisplatin yielded significantly better antigrowth and proapoptotic effects on LLC xenografts than sole drug treatment did. In addition, we found that Xiao-Ai-Ping triggered the infiltration of CD8+T cells, a group of cytotoxic T cells, to LLC xenografts. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of interferon-γ(ifn-γ), perforin-1 (prf-1), and granzyme B (gzmb) in CD8+T cells were significantly increased after combination treatment of Xiao-Ai-Ping and cisplatin.In vitrostudies showed that Xiao-Ai-Ping markedly upregulated the mRNA levels ofifn-γ,prf-1,andgzmbin CD8+T cells in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting that Xiao-Ai-Ping augments the function of CD8+T cells.Conclusions. Xiao-Ai-Ping promotes the infiltration and function of CD8+T cells and thus enhances the antigrowth effects of cisplatin on LLC xenografts, which provides new evidence for the combination of Xiao-Ai-Ping and cisplatin in clinic in China.

Obesity is a serious medical problem worldwide. As a holistic therapy, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) may have a potential in obesity management. In this controlled trial, we evaluated the safety and effectiveness of Xin-Ju-Xiao-Gao-Fang (XJXGF), a TCM herbal formulation, in 140 obese subjects over a 24-week period. The XJXGF formula mainly consists of rhubarb, coptis, semen cassia, and citrus aurantium. Subjects with body mass index (BMI) 28–40 kg/m2 were recruited at 5 centers in China. We assessed the changes in subjects' body weight, its related parameters, and the reduction of insulin resistance (IR) after administration of XJXGF formula or low-dose XJXGF (10% of the XJXGF formula, as control). After 24-week treatment, among participants in the XJXGF formula group and low-dose XJXGF group, the mean ± SE changes in the body weight were -3.58 ± 0.48 and -1.91 ± 0.38 kg, respectively (p < 0.01). The changes in the IR-index of two groups were -2.65 ± 1.04 and -1.58 ± 1.3, respectively (p < 0 .05). There were no serious adverse events reported during the 24-week trial. Participants reported 7 minor adverse events, 4 in the XJXGF formula group and 3 in the low-dose XJXGF group (p = 0.578). Future studies are needed to investigate the clinical utility of this TCM formulation in the treatment of obese subjects.

On the basis of six kinds of air pollutant data provided by the Xi’an Environment Protection Bureau, Two kinds of air assessment model were presented in this paper. Firstly, air quality index (AQI), which has been adopted as a part of national standard in China, was used to assess the air quality of Xi’an in 2013 winter. We also introduced a fuzzy self-organizing feature map (SOFM) model to classify air quality in an unsupervised and comprehensive way. As a further research, a hybrid model was put forward based on Evolutionary Strategy (ES) and SOFM. With SOFM neural networks embedded into ES, the sensitivity of SOFM neural networks to the initial weight matrix and sequence of exemplar input is overcome by the global optimization of ES. The results of our work demonstrate that the ES-SOFM Hybrid Model is quite appropriate techniques for air quality assessment. Unlike AQI method, SOFM’s result is decided by all pollutant instead of only the most serious one. No matter what kind of method, all assessment results show the very serious air pollution in Xi’an. The government and every citizen must take steps at once to prevent air quality from further depravation.

AbstractPrevious studies have suggested that maternal exposure to air pollution might affect term birth weight. However, the conclusions are controversial. Birth data of all term newborns born in Xi’an city of Shaanxi, China, from 2015 to 2018 and whose mother lived in Xi’an during pregnancy were selected form the Birth Registry Database. And the daily air quality data of Xi’an city was collected from Chinese Air Quality Online Monitoring and Analysis Platform. Generalized additive models (GAM) and 2-level binary logistic regression models were used to estimate the effects of air pollution exposure on term birth weight, the risk term low birth weight (TLBW), and macrosomia. Finally, 321521 term newborns were selected, including 4369(1.36%) TLBW infants and 24,960 (7.76%) macrosomia. The average pollution levels of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 in Xi’an city from 2015 to 2018 were higher than national limits. During the whole pregnancy, maternal exposure to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and CO all significantly reduced the term birth weight and increased the risk of TLBW. However, NO2 and O3 exposure have significantly increased the term birth weight, and O3 even increased the risk of macrosomia significantly. Those effects were also observed in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. But during the third trimester, high level of air quality index (AQI) and maternal exposure to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO increased the term birth weight and the risk of macrosomia, while O3 exposure was contrary to this effect. The findings suggested that prenatal exposure to air pollution might cause adverse impacts on term birth weight, and the effects varied with trimesters and pollutants, which provides further pieces of evidence for the adverse effects of air pollution exposure in heavy polluted-area on term birth weight.

<p>中華民國全國運動會（簡稱全運會）是中華民國國內規模與等級最大的綜合運動會，黃昱翔與指導教練在2019年全運會賽前準備充足，不論是平時的體重控制，或是賽前以賽代訓的練習模式及出國移地訓練甚至到賽中的臨場表現，黃昱翔都表現的可圈可點，也順利的拿下本屆全運會的金牌。黃昱翔減重10公斤達到54公斤級並能夠獲得全運會金牌最主要的作法:一、在降體重部分成果十分顯著，體重順利下降得以順利參加比賽。二、在為期只有三個月的短期集訓中，使用以賽代訓的訓練模式來增加選手的實戰經驗。三、在賽前反覆模擬與對手的比賽，並於訓練及賽後要求給予心得回饋，種種方式使黃昱翔選手順利奪冠。本技術報告書撰寫方向主要透過統整2019新北市全國運動會跆拳道項目代表隊選手黃昱翔的訓練計畫、訓練內容、以及後續比賽時的對戰紀錄和各項統計資料，期盼未來能夠將所有的訓練內容都有完整的建檔以供後續新北市規劃訓練以及建立有制度的選、訓、賽的各項資料，讓後續教練以及選手能有分析及精進的進步空間</p> <p>&nbsp;</p><p>The National Games of the Republic of China (referred to as the National Games) is the largest comprehensive sports event in the Republic of China in terms of scale and level. Huang, Yu-Xiang and coaching coaches are well prepared before the National Games, whether it is usual weight control or pre-match competition Huang, Yu-Xiang’s performance in the practice mode of substitute training and overseas training and even the on-the-spot performance in the game is remarkable, and he also successfully won the gold medal of National Games in 2019.Huang, Yu-Xiang was able to win the gold medal in the National Games for New Taipei city. The most important method about training program of was Huang, Yu-Xiang: 1. The plan of weight control was implemented properly, and the weight was smoothly reduced 10Kg to 54Kg and participate in the competition smoothly. 2. In the three months training period, the training by competition to increase the players’ actual combat experience. 3. Repeatedly simulate the match with the opponent before the game, and ask for feedback after training and after each game, various methods have enabled Huang, Yu-Xiang to win the championship.The direction of this technical report was mainly through the integration of the 2019 New Taipei City National Games Taekwondo team player Huang, Yu-Xiang&rsquo;s training plan, training content, and records and various statistical data of competitions. Further researcher should complete the training content for the follow-up New Taipei City planning training and the establishment of systematic selection, training, and competition information, so that subsequent coaches and players can analysis and improvement the training plan.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

With the implementation of China’s western development and “One Belt, One Road” initiative, there are more and more projects in the collapsibility loess area, and the collapsibility loess problem encountered in the construction is becoming more and more prominent. In this paper, the collapsibility loess of the south extension section of Xi’an Metro Line 2 is investigated, and its collapsibility characteristics are studied through a large-scale site immersion test. The test site was a 15 m diameter circular test pit, which took 35 days for water injection and 60 days for observation after water stopped. The test results showed that the maximum self-weight collapsibility of the soil layer in the test pit is 32 mm, and the deformation amount is 10.05 mm in Q3 and 9.55 mm in Q2. The maximum deformation amount of 32 mm is less than 70 mm in the shallow marker; it may be caused by the paleosol layer as a bridge to provide a support to the overlying soil layer. The shape of the sphere of influence after immersion resembles a trumpet, slightly protruding outwards from the paleosol. The scope of influence between the infiltrated and saturated zones gradually increases with depth, and the saturated zone is generally smaller than the infiltrated zone. The research results of this paper can provide technical support and reference for the construction of Xi’an Metro Line 2 and other related projects in the region.

Xi’an is a key city for air-pollution prevention and control in China, and its near-ground ozone (O3) pollution has become a key issue whose resolution is urgent. The spatial and temporal variations in ozone pollution and their relationship with meteorological factors, transport pathways, and potential source distribution in Xi’an City were investigated in this study using the backward trajectory clustering analysis, potential source contribution function (PSCF), and concentration weight trajectory (CWT) methods coupled with the hourly ozone-mass concentration observations and meteorological data from 2014 to 2020. The results indicate that Xi’an City has suffered from increasingly severe ozone pollution in recent years. Overall, the annual average mass concentration of O3_8h_max presented an upward trend, exhibiting a 34.94% increase from 2014 to 2020. A seasonal variation peak occurred in summer, and the monthly variations featured an inverted “V” shape. Furthermore, the diurnal variation was significantly affected by the near-surface atmospheric photochemical process, showing a discernible single-peak and single-valley distribution with a peak between 15:00 and 17:00. The O3 concentration demonstrated a significant linear positive correlation with surface temperature and sunshine duration. When the relative humidity was 30~50%, the temperature was above 30 °C, and the wind speed was ≤4 m/s, high-concentration O3 pollution was liable to occur. The transmission mainly relied on short-distance airflow during periods of heavy O3-polluted weather. In this context, in addition to local O3 generation, high O3 concentrations were also affected by the large NOx and VOC emissions from heavy industries in neighboring cities in Shaanxi Province, southwest Shanxi Province, and northern Henan Province. Therefore, joint prevention and control measures on the O3 pollution in Xi’an City must be adopted throughout the Fenwei Plain area with the aim of strictly controlling the emissions from regional pollution sources.

Background and Aim: This study expounds the theoretical framework for constructing the evaluation index system for the sustainable development of elementary school football in Shaanxi Province, including the final evaluation index system and evaluation methods. The main objective of this research was to develop the evaluation index system for football in elementary schools in China’s Shaanxi province. Materials and Methods: The populations of this research include educational experts, physical education experts, teachers or university teachers, experts in the direction of football, campus football managers, and football coaches. Consult 5 experts through questionnaires and then using the Delphi method, the expert questionnaires were distributed to 19 experts, and two rounds of questionnaires were distributed and collected to screen out the core indicators and then determine the index weight of the sustainable development evaluation system of primary school football in Shaanxi Province, finally use the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the sustainable development ability of Xi'an primary school football. Result: (1) Construct the sustainable development evaluation index system for primary school football in Shaanxi Province, including 4 first-level indicators, 13 second-level indicators, and 48 third-level indicators. (2) The first-level indicator, "organizational leadership and policy" is higher than the other three indicators, accounting for 31%. The second-level indicators, the weight of the four indicators of "implementation of national policies", "improvement of rules and regulations", "physical education hours", and "campus football culture" all exceed 10%, and there should be more support and supervision in the development process. Among the third-level indicators, the weight of the two indicators of "after-school training and competition rules and regulations" and "the number of football-themed campus cultural activities" exceeds 5%. The weight of the six indicators of "Rules and Regulations", "Number of Weeks", "Length of a Single Class", and "Extracurricular Activities" exceeds 3.5%. Conclusion: The research findings were: (1) There are 65 indicators of first-level, second-level, and third-level sustainable development of primary school campus football in Shaanxi Province, China. (2) Determine the weight ratio of indicators at all levels. (3) Through empirical research, the level of sustainable development ability of campus football in primary schools in Xi'an is obtained.

Abstract The culture of China, in which the Han nationality predominates, originated in the middle reaches of the Yellow River valley. The ruins of a primitive community of 4000 BC, discovered in Banpo village, near Xi’an in Shaanxi province, provide evidence of this. These ruins, located on the terrace of Weishui tributary, occupy an area of 5000 m. In the centre, there are numerous remains of house foundations and cellars for grain storage, all of which are round or square in shape. The earthenware pots from the site even contained some intact millet and vegetable seeds. Other similar cultural relics of the Neolithic Age have been found at hundreds of other sites in the area.

ABSTRACT This paper examines the mechanics of rock-breaking and trajectory issues in ultra-short radius radial horizontal wells with flexible drilling tools that are related to the vertical deviation of well trajectory. A model for rock breaking in the horizontal section of flexible drilling tools is established. Specifically, this study focuses on the movement of flexible rods and bits, rock-breaking mechanics, trajectory characteristics, rate of penetration (ROP) along the trajectory, and adaptability to formation strength. The key findings are as follows: the flexible drill tool breaks the rock in a scanning attitude, and the drill bit rotates on its axis while revolving around the well axis. The trajectory of flexible drilling tools tends to bend in the direction of gravity. Increasing torque and weight on bit (WOB) can maintain wellbore stability and ROP. In highly drillable rock formations, the deviation rate of the bit trajectory with flexible drilling tools is significant. The study also discusses previous research on flexible tool string motion and explains the reasons for vertical trajectory deviation in the oilfield. INTRODUCTION The ultra-short radius lateral drilling with flexible tools is a novel sidetrack drilling technology. This technology is capable of drilling one or more horizontal laterals oriented to one or more formations within a vertical borehole, which can penetrate the near-well contamination zone and greatly increase the drainage radius. This technology utilizes specially designed flexible drilling tools, milling, and build-up tools. A flexible drilling tool consists of joint-connected rods and bits. The flexible tool string trips up and down by a workover string or coil tube (CT). Each rod is 15cm in length. The max bending angle between two rods is 3-5°. The flexible tools are supplemented by a trajectory control method to complete the operating procedures of the casing milling, build-up, and horizontal drilling process in the same formation. It can drill a well with a 2-5m radius curvature build-up part and a 40-60 m horizontal part. The application of flexible drilling tool technology started in 2000 when Gary Gourley et al (Gary, 2000) conducted flexible drilling tool experimental work on a radial well in Graham, Texas. In 2003, Abdullah Saif Al-Hady et al (Al-Hady et al., 2003) conducted two radial well tests with flexible drilling tools in the Lekhwair field. In China, Daqing oilfield (Xiao, 2022) carried out three wells flexible drilling tools ultra-short radius radial lateral drilling horizontal well test in 2022. The borehole trajectory reached the program design requirements, and the process can realize directional orientation. In 2009, Karamay oilfield (Lu et al., 2009) used ultra-short radius lateral drilling horizontal well to improve shallow-layer thick oil recovery application. The radius of curvature is 2.86m, the horizontal section borehole diameter of 120mm, and the length of more than 22m. In coalbed methane application, flexible drilling tool operation in coalbed methane exploratory well LX-29 by China Union Coal Group(Lv, 2018). In the offshore oil field, (Guo et al., 2020) CNOOC achieved the first 4-branch ultra-short radius flexible drilling tool operation with a curvature radius of 3m and a build-up rate of 16°/m offshore. The first field test of CT with flexible drilling tools was carried out in Ling 72-5CZ well in Jianghan Oilfield in 2021 (WU et al., 2022).