Articoli di riviste: "Wake survey"

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TAKAGI, Michitoshi. "Steady and Unsteady Wake Survey Techniques". Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 28-1, n. 2 (2008): 1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.28.1109.

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de Castro-Afonso, Luís Henrique, Guilherme Seizem Nakiri, Octávio Marques Pontes-Neto, Antônio Carlos dos Santos e Daniel Giansante Abud. "International Survey on the Management of Wake-Up Stroke". Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra 6, n. 1 (31 marzo 2016): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000444765.

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Background: Patients who wake up having experienced a stroke while asleep represent around 20% of acute stroke admissions. According to international guidelines for the management of acute stroke, patients presenting with wake-up stroke are not currently eligible to receive revascularization treatments. In this study, we aimed to assess the opinions of stroke experts about the management of patients with wake-up stroke by using an international multicenter electronic survey. Method: This study consisted of 8 questions on wake-up stroke treatment. Results: Two hundred invitations to participate in the survey were sent by e-mail. Fifty-nine participants started the survey, 4 dropped out before completing it, and 55 completed the full questionnaire. We had 55 participants from 22 countries. Conclusions: In this study, most stroke experts recommended a recanalization treatment for wake-up stroke. However, there was considerable disagreement among experts regarding the best brain imaging method and the best recanalization treatment. The results of ongoing randomized trials on wake-up stroke are urgently needed.

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Saito, Tomohiko, Shunsuke Kato, Yoshiaki Katori e Michitoshi Takagi. "Wake Survey of Airplane and Passenger Car Models". Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 20, n. 2Supplement (2000): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.20.2supplement_7.

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Diebold, Jeff M., e Michael B. Bragg. "Wake-Survey Technique for Iced Swept-Wing Aerodynamics". AIAA Journal 53, n. 6 (giugno 2015): 1712–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.j053774.

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Coutanceau, Madeleine, e Jean-Rene´ Defaye. "Circular Cylinder Wake Configurations: A Flow Visualization Survey". Applied Mechanics Reviews 44, n. 6 (1 giugno 1991): 255–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3119504.

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The survey starts with the presentation of the general principles underlying the different types of techniques which are most often used in wake visualization with their advantages, but also their respective limits. Then information deduced from flow pictures collected from the literature from the beginning of the century up to the present has been used to characterize the wake structure of a circular cylinder (at rest or submitted to various motions) and its evolution with the Reynolds number for an extended range (0 < Re < 107). Incompressible flow has been more particularly considered, both in the quasi-established phase (ten regimes are differentiated and extensively described) and in the transient phase (specific features are pointed out). Special attention has been paid to three-dimensional and memory effects by a combined presentation of crosswise and spanwise observations of the wake phenomena as well as their evolution with time. The influence of compressibility in the high-speed regime and of superimposed periodic motions, either on the cylinder or on the stream, have been also investigated and the main characteristics of the lock-in regime have been described. The survey is illustrated by 40 figures and completed by a table in which are reported the successive studies related to the flow around a circular cylinder based upon visualization, including a brief account of the experimental setups and methods, as well as a description of the main phenomena observed in the corresponding pictures.

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Clawson, Jeff J., Robert L. Martin, Geoff A. Cady e Ronald F. Maio. "The Wake-Effect—Emergency Vehicle-Related Collisions". Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 12, n. 4 (dicembre 1997): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00037791.

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AbstractIntroduction:Emergency medical vehicle collisions (EMVCs) occurring during initia response and with patient transport have been a long-standing problem for emergency medical services (EMS) systems. Experience suggests “wake-effect” collision occur as a result of an EMS vehicle's transit, but do not involve the emergency medical vehicle (EMV). Substantiating the existence and magnitude of wake-effect collisions may have major implications regarding the manner of EMV response.Hypothesis:Paramedics will report that wake-effect collisions do occur and that the occur more frequently than do EMVCs.Methods:Design: Survey analysis. Participants: Thirty paramedics employed by the Salt Lake City (Utah) Fire Department and 45 paramedics employed by Salt Lake County Fire Department. Geographic Area: Service area has population of 650,000 and is urban, suburban, and rural. Measurements: The survey consisted of three openended questions concerning years on the job, EMVCs, and wake-effect collisions. Analysis: The mean value for the number of EMVCs and wake-effect EMVCs, along with the 0.95 confidence intervals (0.95 CI) were determined.Results:Seventy-three surveys were analyzed. Sixty EMVCs and 255 wake-effect collisions were reported. Overall, the mea value for the number EMVCs per respondent was 0.82 (0.60–1.05) and for wake-effect collisions 3.49 (2.42–4.55). The mean values for EMVC's for each service were 0.86 (0.50–1.38); 0.80 (0.50–11.0). For wake-effect collisions the mean values were 4.59 (2.83–6.35); and 2.76 (1.46–4.06) respectively.Conclusion:This study suggests that the wake-effect collision is real and may occur with greater frequency than do EMVCs. Significant limitations of this study are recall bias and misclassiftcation bias. Future studies are needed to define more precisely wake-effect collision prevalence and the resulting “cost” in regards to injury and vehicle/property damage.

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Kusunose, Kazuhiro, e James P. Crowder. "Extension of Wake-Survey Analysis Method to Cover Compressible Flows". Journal of Aircraft 39, n. 6 (novembre 2002): 954–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/2.3048.

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MILLER, NASEEM S. "Survey on Drug Use in U.S. a ‘Wake-Up Call’". Clinical Psychiatry News 38, n. 10 (ottobre 2010): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0270-6644(10)70363-5.

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NATSUME, Yuta, Yusuke SHIKADA, Daisuke SASAKI, Yoshinao TAKAHASHI e Kisa MATSUSHIMA. "Deep Learning Based Survey Region Estimation for Wake Integration Method". Proceedings of Conference of Hokuriku-Shinetsu Branch 2020.57 (2020): N024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmehs.2020.57.n024.

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Soltanifar, Daniel, David Bogod, Sally Harrison, Brendan Carvalho e Pervez Sultan. "Survey of Accepted Practice following Failed Intubation for Emergency Caesarean Delivery". Anesthesiology Research and Practice 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/192315.

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Background. There is no consensus on the optimum management of failed tracheal intubation in emergency cesarean delivery performed for fetal compromise. The decision making process on whether to wake the patient or continue anesthesia with a supraglottic airway device is an underexplored area. This survey explores perceptions and experiences of obstetric anesthetists managing failed intubation.Methods. Anesthetists attending the Group of Obstetric Anaesthetists London (GOAL) Meeting in April 2014 were surveyed.Results. Ninety-three percent of anesthetists surveyed would not always wake the patient in the event of failed intubation for emergency cesarean delivery performed for fetal compromise. The median (interquartile range) of perceived acceptability of continuing anesthesia with a well-fitting supraglottic airway device, assessed using a visual analogue scale (0–100; 0 completely unacceptable; 100 completely acceptable), was 90 [22.5]. Preoperative patient consent regarding the use of a supraglottic airway device for surgery in the event of failed intubation would affect the decision making of 40% of anaesthetists surveyed.Conclusion. These results demonstrate that a significant body of anesthetists with a subspecialty interest in obstetric anesthesia in the UK would not always wake up the patient and would continue with anesthesia and surgery with a supraglottic airway device in this setting.

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Stekl, Emily, Grace Klosterman, Guido Simonelli, Jacob Collen e Tracy Jill Doty. "269 Sleep Enhancement Technology: A Survey of Apps". Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (1 maggio 2021): A108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.268.

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Abstract Introduction The ever-evolving market for sleep technologies far outpaces the ability of providers to understand and counsel patients about developments in this area. Although significant literature has validated the performance of sleep tracking technologies, there is little evidence regarding sleep enhancement technologies. Our study systematically surveys currently available commercial sleep enhancement smartphone applications to empower both providers and patients alike. Methods We systematically searched the App Store (Apple) and Google Play Store (Android) in the US on 26 MAY 2020 using the keyword “sleep.” This survey is inclusive of all smartphone applications found. Results We identified 342 apps: 70.2% were found on Android (N=240) and 29.8% on Apple (N=102). Ninety-five percent of apps offer a free version. The majority of sleep apps are intended for use during wake (65.8% exclusively during wake; 28.7% during both wake and sleep), with only 5.6% intended to be used during sleep alone. Most apps purport to enhance rather than measure sleep (78.7% versus 1.8%). The vast majority of apps claim to enhance sleep via reductions in sleep latency (65.8%). Reduced sleep latency is primarily achieved using a combination of non-verbal auditory stimuli such as nature sounds (84.4%), artificial stimuli (64.5%), and instrumental music (77.1%). Conclusion Interestingly, most sleep apps are designed to be used while awake, prior to sleep, and focus on the enhancement of sleep, rather than measurement, by targeting sleep latency. Given the multitude of available sleep enhancement apps, many of which are free to try, these should be considered a reasonable strategy for providers and consumers to consider for empowering patients to improve sleep! Support (if any) Department of Defense Military Operational Medicine Research Program (MOMRP)

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MILLER, NASEEM S. "Results of Illicit Drug Survey Called a ‘Big Wake-Up Call’". Skin & Allergy News 41, n. 11 (novembre 2010): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0037-6337(10)70409-5.

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Piyare, Rajeev, Amy L. Murphy, Csaba Kiraly, Pietro Tosato e Davide Brunelli. "Ultra Low Power Wake-Up Radios: A Hardware and Networking Survey". IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 19, n. 4 (2017): 2117–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/comst.2017.2728092.

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Monkewitz, Peter A. "A note on vortex shedding from axisymmetric bluff bodies". Journal of Fluid Mechanics 192 (luglio 1988): 561–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112088001983.

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The linear parallel and incompressible stability of a family of axisymmetric wake profiles is studied in the range of Reynolds numbers where helical vortex shedding from bluff bodies of revolution is observed. The family of mean flow profiles allows for the variation of the wake depth as well as for a variable ratio of wake width to mixing-layer thickness. It is found that, even without reverse flow, the first helical mode is absolutely unstable in the near wake for Reynolds numbers, based on wake diameter and free-stream velocity, in excess of 3.3 × 103. A survey of the region of local absolute instability as a function of profile parameters and Reynolds number suggests that the large-scale helical vortex shedding, which is observed between Reynolds numbers of 6000 and 3 × 105for spheres, may be ‘driven’ by a self-excited oscillation in the near wake.

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Kotidis, P. A., e A. H. Epstein. "Unsteady Radial Transport in a Transonic Compressor Stage". Journal of Turbomachinery 113, n. 2 (1 aprile 1991): 207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2929084.

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Time-resolved radial transport has been measured in a transonic compressor rotor by injecting a thin sheet of tracer gas upstream of the rotor and then surveying the tracer concentration at the rotor exit. The simultaneous, co-located, high-frequency response measurements of local tracer gas concentration, total temperature, and total pressure made downstream of the rotor showed that most of the fluid transported radially appears in the blade wakes and that this fluid has considerably higher entropy than the circumferential mean. Both inward and outward fluid transport along the span was observed (3.5 percent of the total throughflow moved toward the tip while 1.6 percent moved toward the hub). Tracer concentration and fluid total temperature and pressure varied considerably from wake to wake, even on multiple samplings of the same blade. The time mean spreading rate inferred from these measurements is in general agreement with previously reported studies on multistage low-speed compressors and is well predicted by the method of Gallimore and Cumpsty. It is suggested that a vortex street in the blade wakes could be responsible for both the observed radial transport and the large wake-to- wake variability. A quasi-three-dimensional model of a vortex street wake was developed and shown to be consistent with the data. The model predicts all of the inward transport but only 20 percent of the outward transport. It is hypothesized that outflow in separated regions on the blade suction surface is responsible for the remainder of the transport toward the rotor tip. Since the entropy, as well as the mass of the fluid transported radially, was measured, an estimate of the redistribution of loss in rotor due to radial fluid transport could be made. This showed that the effect of radial transport in this rotor was to move substantial loss from the rotor hub to tip, implying that a conventionally measured spanwise efficiency survey may not accurately represent the performance of individual blade sections.

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Fossati, Flavia, e Fabienne Liechti. "Integrating refugees through active labour market policy: A comparative survey experiment". Journal of European Social Policy 30, n. 5 (novembre 2020): 601–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958928720951112.

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In the wake of the recent increase in the inflows of refugees to Europe, governments have made considerable investments in public policies aimed at facilitating the labour market integration of refugees. Despite these efforts, the labour market participation of refugees remains low. This situation raises the question of whether employers actually appreciate these public policies and whether refugees’ participation in specific active labour market policies (ALMPs), such as work practice or wage subsidies, increases their likelihood of being hired. In this article, we take a novel approach and combine employers’ evaluations of specific ALMPs with their attitudes towards refugees. We argue that these labour market policies can only be successful when employers hold positive attitudes towards refugees in the first place. We investigate this question by means of a factorial survey experiment with employers in Austria, Germany and Sweden. Our results show that, indeed, employers’ evaluations of fictional refugee candidates who participated in ALMPs are influenced by their attitudes towards this group. Participation in these policy measures is regarded positively only by those employers who already hold positive attitudes towards refugees.

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Van Horn, Gavin. "Hindu Traditions and Nature: Survey Article". Worldviews: Global Religions, Culture, and Ecology 10, n. 1 (2006): 5–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853506776114474.

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AbstractThe scholarly investigation of the convergences between Hindu traditions and the natural world is a relatively recent endeavor, having arisen in the wake of similar projects seeking to identify the intersections between religion, culture, and nature. Partly a response to present and looming environmental threats, this effort has resulted in a wide range of material, from a more general "environmental assessment" of the tradition(s) in question to specific inquiries about the social, economic, and demographic factors that impinge upon contemporary Indians' understandings of nature. This literature review provides an overview of these materials and should offer readers a sense of the topics that have received the most attention from scholars to date.

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Sun, X., Ig Bryden, H. Jeffrey e D. Forehand. "An experimental survey in the wake of a simulated tidal current turbine". Journal of Marine Engineering & Technology 7, n. 2 (gennaio 2008): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20464177.2008.11020210.

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Werner, Sofia, Lars Larsson e Björn Regnström. "Wake Survey of a Yacht Keel for CFD Validation and Flow Analysis". Ship Technology Research 54, n. 1 (gennaio 2007): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/str.2007.54.1.004.

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Breton, S. P., J. Sumner, J. N. Sørensen, K. S. Hansen, S. Sarmast e S. Ivanell. "A survey of modelling methods for high-fidelity wind farm simulations using large eddy simulation". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, n. 2091 (6 marzo 2017): 20160097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0097.

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Large eddy simulations (LES) of wind farms have the capability to provide valuable and detailed information about the dynamics of wind turbine wakes. For this reason, their use within the wind energy research community is on the rise, spurring the development of new models and methods. This review surveys the most common schemes available to model the rotor, atmospheric conditions and terrain effects within current state-of-the-art LES codes, of which an overview is provided. A summary of the experimental research data available for validation of LES codes within the context of single and multiple wake situations is also supplied. Some typical results for wind turbine and wind farm flows are presented to illustrate best practices for carrying out high-fidelity LES of wind farms under various atmospheric and terrain conditions. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Wind energy in complex terrains’.

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Pettigrew, M. J., e C. E. Taylor. "Two-Phase Flow-Induced Vibration: An Overview (Survey Paper)". Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 116, n. 3 (1 agosto 1994): 233–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2929583.

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Two-phase flow exists in many industrial components. To avoid costly vibration problems, sound technology in the area of two-phase flow-induced vibration is required. This paper is an overview of the principal mechanisms governing vibration in two-phase flow. Dynamic parameters such as hydrodynamic mass and damping are discussed. Vibration excitation mechanisms in axial flow are outlined. These include fluidelastic instability, phase-change noise, and random excitation. Vibration excitation mechanisms in cross-flow, such as fluidelastic instability, periodic wake shedding, and random excitation, are reviewed.

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Felli, Mario, Massimo Falchi e Giulio Dubbioso. "Tomographic-PIV Survey of the Near-Field Hydrodynamic and Hydroacoustic Characteristics of a Marine Propeller". Journal of Ship Research 59, n. 04 (1 dicembre 2015): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2015.59.4.201.

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This article deals with a pioneering application of tomographic particle image velocimetry (tomographic PIV) for the hydrodynamic and hydroacoustic analysis of a marine propeller. The hydrodynamic study was mainly focused on the topological analysis of the propeller wake characteristics in the near field based on the vorticity field and on the tilting and stretching terms of the vorticity transport equation. Hydroacoustic analysis concerned the use of tomographic PIV in combination with the Powell's acoustic analogy. Tomographic PIV proved to be a valid tool for the detailed quantitative reconstruction of the complex vortex topology in the propeller wake and provided an accurate description of the source terms of the Powell's analogy. In particular, it was shown that the tip vortex perturbation represents the dominant nonlinear contribution to the radiated far-field noise in non-cavitating flow conditions.

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Shahshahan, Ali, e Louis Landweber. "Boundary-Layer Effects on Wave Resistance of a Ship Model". Journal of Ship Research 34, n. 01 (1 marzo 1990): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.1990.34.1.29.

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The wave-resistance coefficients of a Wigley ship form have been calculated by the Michell integral, using the Michell thin-ship centerplane distribution, a slender-body hull-surface distribution, and a slender-body centerplane distribution. These calculations have been carried out for two different cases:wave-resistance calculation without the effects of the boundary layer and wake, andcalculations including these effects. Results have been compared with the residuary resistance and the "measured" wavemaking resistance, obtained as the difference between the measured total and wake-survey resistances.

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Hollingsworth, Clare, Paul Clarke, Alok Sharma e Michele Upton. "National survey of umbilical venous catheterisation practices in the wake of two deaths". Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 100, n. 4 (10 aprile 2015): F371.2—F372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2015-308327.

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Doekemeijer, Bart M., Stefan Kern, Sivateja Maturu, Stoyan Kanev, Bastian Salbert, Johannes Schreiber, Filippo Campagnolo et al. "Field experiment for open-loop yaw-based wake steering at a commercial onshore wind farm in Italy". Wind Energy Science 6, n. 1 (27 gennaio 2021): 159–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wes-6-159-2021.

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Abstract. The concept of wake steering on wind farms for power maximization has gained significant popularity over the last decade. Recent field trials described in the literature not only demonstrate the real potential of wake steering on commercial wind farms but also show that wake steering does not yet consistently lead to an increase in energy production for all inflow conditions. Moreover, a recent survey among experts shows that validation of the concept currently remains the largest barrier to adoption. In response, this article presents the results of a field experiment investigating wake steering in three-turbine arrays at an onshore wind farm in Italy. This experiment was performed as part of the European CL-Windcon project. While important, this experiment excludes an analysis of the structural loads and focuses solely on the effects of wake steering on power production. The measurements show increases in power production of up to 35 % for two-turbine interactions and up to 16 % for three-turbine interactions. However, losses in power production are seen for various regions of wind directions too. In addition to the gains achieved through wake steering at downstream turbines, more interesting to note is that a significant share in gains is from the upstream turbines, showing an increased power production of the yawed turbine itself compared to baseline operation for some wind directions. Furthermore, the surrogate model, while capturing the general trends of wake interaction, lacks the details necessary to accurately represent the measurements. This article supports the notion that further research is necessary, notably on the topics of wind farm modeling and experiment design, before wake steering will lead to consistent energy gains on commercial wind farms.

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Schaffer, Simon. "Oriental Metrology and the Politics of Antiquity in Nineteenth-Century Survey Sciences". Science in Context 30, n. 2 (giugno 2017): 173–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889717000102.

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ArgumentMetrological techniques to establish shared quantitative measures have often been seen as signs of rational modernization. The cases considered here show instead the close relation of such techniques with antiquarian and revivalist programs under imperial regimes. Enterprises in survey sciences in Egypt in the wake of the French invasion of 1798 and in India during the East India Company's revenue surveys involved the promotion of a new kind oforiental metrologydesigned to represent colonizers’ measures as restorations of ancient values to be applied to current systems of survey and measurement. Surveyors’ practice and hardware help clarify the significance of the complex historical and political functions of scientific standards. The balance of the paper discusses the survey work of later nineteenth-century indigenous Egyptian astronomers at a conjuncture of major economic and political dislocation to explore the various versions of antiquity at stake in these metrological programs.

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Davis, Charles N., Susan D. Ross e Paul H. Gates. "How Newspaper Editors Feel about Confidential Sources in Wake of Cohen v. Cowles". Newspaper Research Journal 17, n. 3-4 (giugno 1996): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073953299601700307.

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Kubiszewski, Violaine, Roger Fontaine, Catherine Potard e Guillaume Gimenes. "Bullying, sleep/wake patterns and subjective sleep disorders: Findings from a cross-sectional survey". Chronobiology International 31, n. 4 (13 gennaio 2014): 542–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/07420528.2013.877475.

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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Göran Kecklund e Jan Selén. "EARLY MORNING WORK—PREVALENCE AND RELATION TO SLEEP/WAKE PROBLEMS: A NATIONAL REPRESENTATIVE SURVEY". Chronobiology International 27, n. 5 (giugno 2010): 975–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/07420528.2010.489001.

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Ghribi, Mayssa, e Aref Meddeb. "Survey and taxonomy of MAC, routing and cross layer protocols using wake-up radio". Journal of Network and Computer Applications 149 (gennaio 2020): 102465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2019.102465.

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Lust, Ethan E., Karen A. Flack e Luksa Luznik. "Survey of the near wake of an axial-flow hydrokinetic turbine in quiescent conditions". Renewable Energy 129 (dicembre 2018): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.05.075.

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Ndiaye, Musa, Stephen S. Oyewobi, Adnan M. Abu-Mahfouz, Gerhard P. Hancke, Anish M. Kurien e Karim Djouani. "IoT in the Wake of COVID-19: A Survey on Contributions, Challenges and Evolution". IEEE Access 8 (2020): 186821–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3030090.

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Schroeder, K., H. Phair, D. Ersltine e S. E. Barton. "A SURVEY OF PATIENTS?? ATTITUDES TO ZIDOVUDINE IN THE WAKE OF THE CONCORDE TRIAL". AIDS 8, Supplement 4 (novembre 1994): S49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002030-199411004-00192.

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Pickles, D. J., R. B. Green e M. Giuni. "Rotor wake interactions with an obstacle on the ground". Aeronautical Journal 122, n. 1251 (6 marzo 2018): 798–820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aer.2018.7.

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ABSTRACTAn investigation of the flow around an obstacle positioned within the wake of a rotor is described. A flow visualisation survey was performed using a smoke wand and particle image velocimetry, and surface pressure measurements on the obstacle were taken. The flow patterns were strongly dependent upon the rotor height above the ground and obstacle, and the relative position of the obstacle and rotor axis. High positive and suction pressures were measured on the obstacle surfaces, and these were unsteady in response to the passage of the vortex driven rotor wake over the surfaces. Integrated surface forces are of the order of the rotor thrust, and unsteady pressure information shows local unsteady loading of the same order as the mean loading. Rotor blade-tip vortex trajectories are responsible for the generation of these forces.

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Friedman, Stewart D., e Kathleen Saul. "A Leader's Wake: Organization Member Reactions to CEO Succession". Journal of Management 17, n. 3 (settembre 1991): 619–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700306.

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This article examines how the context and content of CEO successions affect the reactions of organization members in Fortune 500 firms. The influence ofpresuccessionfinancial performance, predecessor tenure, the force initiating a change in CEO, and successor origin on postsuccession disruption, management turnover, and company morale was assessed (controlling for both size and age offirm). These consequences of succession, measured in a survey to which 235 human resources executives responded, had not been investigated in previous large-scale empirical studies. The conceptual model and empirical results of this study suggest that understanding how organization members react to leadership changes is intrinsically important for organization scientists, potentially useful in explaining the effects of succession on economic performance outcomes, and valuable for those seeking to cope effectively with the aftermath of leadership transitions.

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Boydstun, Amber E., Jessica T. Feezell e Rebecca A. Glazier. "In the wake of a terrorist attack, do Americans’ attitudes toward Muslims decline?" Research & Politics 5, n. 4 (ottobre 2018): 205316801880639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053168018806391.

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When a terrorist attack occurs, a natural response may be increased public concern about terrorism. But when a self-described Muslim perpetrates a terrorist attack, do negative attitudes toward Muslims also increase? If so, is this effect conditional on the nature of people’s past personal experiences with Muslims? We present natural experiment data based on a 2015 web-based survey of 2105 non-Muslims in the US, a survey that happened to span the terrorist attacks in Paris on 13 November and San Bernardino on 2 December. We thus test Americans’ feelings toward Muslims immediately before and after both an international and a domestic terrorist attack. We find that, although the attacks significantly affected Americans’ concerns about radicalism both in the US and abroad, they did not negatively affect Americans’ thermometer feelings toward Muslims in the aggregate—a null finding conditioned only slightly by the nature of past personal experiences with Muslims.

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Chykina, Volha, e Charles Crabtree. "Using Google Trends to Measure Issue Salience for Hard-to-Survey Populations". Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 4 (1 gennaio 2018): 237802311876041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023118760414.

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Some populations are difficult to survey. This poses a problem for researchers who want to understand what issues matter to these populations and how the salience of those concerns varies over time. In this visualization article, the authors illustrate how Google Trends can be used to examine issue salience for hard-to-survey mass populations. Applying this method to immigrant concerns over deportation, the authors show that anxieties over removal increased in response to (potential) policy changes, such as Arizona’s Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act (Senate Bill 1070) and the immigration policies that were considered in the wake of Donald Trump’s election.

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Dirks, Jerald F. "A Survey of Christian Religious Education in the United States". American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 20, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2003): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajiss.v20i1.514.

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Prior to the landmark Supreme Court decision of June 1963, which banned public prayer from the public schools, Christian religious education was often a routine part of the overt instruction provided by the American public school system. However, in the wake of that legal milestone, even though instruction in the Judeo-Christian interpretation of religious history continued to be taught covertly, American churches began relying more heavily on providing Christian religious education. This article briefly presents Christianity’s contemporary status in the United States and reviews such religious education methods as Sunday school, vacation Bible school, Christian youth groups, catechism, private Christian schools, Youth Sunday, and children’s sermons. The survey concludes with a look at the growing interface between such education and the lessons of psychology as well as training and certifying Christian religious educators.

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Dirks, Jerald F. "A Survey of Christian Religious Education in the United States". American Journal of Islam and Society 20, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2003): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v20i1.514.

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Abstract (sommario):

Prior to the landmark Supreme Court decision of June 1963, which banned public prayer from the public schools, Christian religious education was often a routine part of the overt instruction provided by the American public school system. However, in the wake of that legal milestone, even though instruction in the Judeo-Christian interpretation of religious history continued to be taught covertly, American churches began relying more heavily on providing Christian religious education. This article briefly presents Christianity’s contemporary status in the United States and reviews such religious education methods as Sunday school, vacation Bible school, Christian youth groups, catechism, private Christian schools, Youth Sunday, and children’s sermons. The survey concludes with a look at the growing interface between such education and the lessons of psychology as well as training and certifying Christian religious educators.

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Davidow, Amy L., Pauline Thomas, Soyeon Kim, Marian Passannante, Stella Tsai e Christina Tan. "Access to Care in the Wake of Hurricane Sandy, New Jersey, 2012". Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 10, n. 3 (13 maggio 2016): 485–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2016.79.

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AbstractObjectiveEvacuation and damage following a widespread natural disaster may affect short-term access to medical care. We estimated medical care needs in New Jersey following Hurricane Sandy in 2012.MethodsHurricane Sandy-related questions regarding medical needs included in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey were administered to survey respondents living in New Jersey when Sandy occurred.ResultsRecently arrived foreign-born residents were more likely than US-born residents to need medical care following Sandy. Others with greater medical needs included the uninsured and evacuees. Persons who evacuated or lived in areas that experienced the greatest hurricane impact were less likely to be able to fill a prescription. Only 15% of New Jerseyans were aware of the Emergency Pharmaceutical Assistance Program (EPAP), a federal program which allows prescription refills for the uninsured following a disaster. Recently arrived foreign-born residents and the uninsured were less frequently aware of EPAP: 8.7% and 10.9%.ConclusionsPopulations with impaired access to care in normal times—such as the recently arrived foreign-born and the uninsured—were also at risk of compromised access in the hurricane’s aftermath. Measures to address prescription refills during a disaster need better promotion among at-risk populations. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:485–491)

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Ogeil, Rowan P., Laura K. Barger, Steven W. Lockley, Conor S. O’Brien, Jason P. Sullivan, Salim Qadri, Dan I. Lubman, Charles A. Czeisler e Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam. "Cross-sectional analysis of sleep-promoting and wake-promoting drug use on health, fatigue-related error, and near-crashes in police officers". BMJ Open 8, n. 9 (settembre 2018): e022041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022041.

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ObjectivesTo examine sleep-promoting and wake-promoting drug use in police officers and associations between their use and health (excessive sleepiness, stress and burnout), performance (fatigue-related errors) and safety (near-crashes) outcomes, both alone and in combination with night-shift work.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingPolice officers from North America completed the survey either online or via paper/pencil at a police station.Participants4957 police participated, 3693 online (91.9%, participation rate) and 1264 onsite (cooperation rate 63.1%).Main outcome measuresSleep-promoting and wake-promoting drug use, excessive sleepiness, near-crash motor vehicle crashes, dozing while driving, fatigue errors, stress and burnout.ResultsOver the past month, 20% of police officers reported using sleep-promoting drugs and drugs causing sleepiness, while wake-promoting agents were used by 28% of police (5% used wake-promoting drugs, 23% used high levels of caffeine and 4% smoked to stay awake). Use of sleep-promoting drugs was associated with increased near-crashes (OR=1.61; 95% CI 1.21 to 2.13), fatigue-related errors (OR=1.75; 95% CI 1.32 to 2.79), higher stress (OR=1.41; 95% CI 1.10 to 1.82), and higher burnout (OR=1.83; 95% CI 1.40 to 2.38). Wake-promoting drug use, high caffeine and smoking to stay awake were associated with increased odds of a fatigue-related error, stress and burnout (ORs ranging from 1.68 to 2.56). Caffeine consumption was common, and while smoking was not, of those participants who did smoke, one-in-three did so to remain awake. Night-shift work was associated with independent increases in excessive sleepiness, near-crashes and fatigue-related errors. Interactions between night-shift work and wake-promoting drug use were also found for excessive sleepiness.ConclusionsPolice who use sleep-promoting and wake-promoting drugs, especially when working night shifts, are most vulnerable to adverse health, performance and safety outcomes. Future research should examine temporal relationships between shift work, drug use and adverse outcomes, in order to develop optimal alertness management strategies.

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Stebbins, A., S. Veeraraghavan, R. Brandenberger, J. Silk e N. Turok. "Cosmic String Wakes and Large-Scale Structure". Symposium - International Astronomical Union 130 (1988): 562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900136903.

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Cosmic Strings are one-dimensional topological defects that may be formed in the early universe during a phase transition, and which may be the source of all inhomogeneities in our universe. Their mass per unit length, μ, gives us a dimensionless parameter, μ6 ≡ 106Gμ/c2, which must be of order unity for strings to seed galaxy formation. Results to date from the ongoing CfA redshift survey suggest that galaxies are distributed on two-dimensional surfaces, whose typical separation is about 50h50−1 Mpc. The loop distribution is unlikely to imprint such large-scale patterns in the galaxy positions so we have examined whether this structure could be caused by infinite strings. Because an infinite string typically moves at a substantial fraction of the speed of light, it will leave behind a very large accretion wake in the ambient medium. Gravitational instablity causes these wakes to continue to accrete matter long after the string has moved elsewhere. These wakes form around the two-dimensional surfaces swept out by the long strings.

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Kaizi-Lutu, Marc, David Dinges, Makayla Cordoza, Christopher Jones e Ami Mange. "215 Sleep duration, quality and timing during confinement amid the COVID-19 Pandemic". Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (1 maggio 2021): A86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.214.

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Abstract Introduction As of March 2020, most U.S. states and territories issued statements advising people “stay at home” to avoid spreading the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). This resulted in an unprecedented number of people practicing physical confinement and social distancing. This study examined self-reported changes in sleep duration, quality and timing in response to confinement and isolation. Methods We developed the “Anonymous Survey on Confinement during the COVID-19 Pandemic” to collect information on the American population practicing social distancing and some level of confinement. The survey collected information on demographics, duration and degree of confinement, and sleep-wake dynamics. The online survey was available for completion by any individual ≥18 years of age through the Penn Medicine Clinical Research page from May 16th to November 11th 2020. Descriptive statistics characterized the nature of confinement and non-parametric correlations evaluated the relationships between confinement and sleep-wake dynamics. Results N=226 participants completed the survey (n=176 female [77.8%]; n=47 male [20.8%]). The average age was 44.9±17.4 years. N=215[95.1%] reported confinement since March 2020 for an average of 89.3±41.7 days in confinement. Surveyed participants in confinement reported sleeping more than before confinement [40.0%], taking the same amount of time to fall asleep [56.6%], and felt that they were getting enough sleep [66.3%]. However, 36.3% of participants reported going to bed earlier and waking up earlier. Participants that engaged in naps prior to confinement reported taking more naps in confinement [50.8%]. Participants reported more daytime sleepiness [42.9%] and more disturbed sleep quality during confinement relative to before confinement [42.5%]. There were no significant correlations between time in confinement and sleep outcomes. Conclusion During the confinement amid the COVID-19 pandemic, participants responded by sleeping more and at different times, which could reflect circadian disruption of sleep. Changes in sleep amount and sleeping timing were accompanied by increased daytime sleepiness and a reduction in sleep quality. These changes may have been due to age, stressors experienced during the pandemic, social isolation, and/or a change in behavioral routines in response to changing demands and schedules. Our findings suggest that attention to changes in sleep-wake dynamics due to prolonged confinement is likely important to maintain healthy behaviors. Support (if any):

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Agnoli, Lara, Roberta Capitello, Maria De Salvo, Alberto Longo e Marco Boeri. "Food fraud and consumers’ choices in the wake of the horsemeat scandal". British Food Journal 118, n. 8 (1 agosto 2016): 1898–913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-04-2016-0176.

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Purpose – In 2012, the European food industry was hit by a food fraud: horsemeat was found in pre-prepared foods, without any declaration on the package. This is commonly referred to as the “horsemeat scandal”. The purpose of this paper is to investigate consumers’ preferences across Europe for a selected ready meal, ready to heat (RTH) fresh lasagne, to consider whether the effects of potential food frauds on consumers’ choices can be mitigated by introducing enhanced standards of RTH products. Design/methodology/approach – An online survey was administered to 4,598 consumers of RTH lasagne in six European countries (Republic of Ireland, France, Italy, Spain, Germany and Norway), applying discrete choice experiments to estimate consumers’ willingness to pay for enhanced food safety standards and highlight differences between countries. Findings – Many similarities across countries emerged, as well as some differences. Consumers in Europe are highly concerned with the authenticity of the meat in ready meals and strongly prefer to know that ingredients are nationally sourced. Strong regional differences in price premiums exist for enhanced food safety standards. Originality/value – This research adds relevant insights in the analysis of consumers’ reaction to food fraud, providing practical guidelines on the most appropriate practices that producers should adopt and on the information to reduce food risk perception among consumers. This would prove beneficial for the food processing industry and the European Union. The survey is based on a representative sample of European consumers making this the largest cross-country study of this kind.

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Ehlers, Diane K., Jennifer Huberty, Matthew Buman, Steven Hooker, Michael Todd e Gert-Jan de Vreede. "A Novel Inexpensive Use of Smartphone Technology for Ecological Momentary Assessment in Middle-Aged Women". Journal of Physical Activity and Health 13, n. 3 (marzo 2016): 262–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2015-0059.

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Background:Commercially available mobile and Internet technologies present a promising opportunity to feasibly conduct ecological momentary assessment (EMA). The purpose of this study was to describe a novel EMA protocol administered on middle-aged women’s smartphones via text messaging and mobile Internet.Methods:Women (N = 9; mean age = 46.2 ± 8.2 y) received 35 text message prompts to a mobile survey assessing activity, self-worth, and self-efficacy over 14 days. Prompts were scheduled and surveys were administered using commercial, Internet-based programs. Prompting was tailored to each woman’s daily wake/sleep schedule. Women concurrently wore a wrist-worn accelerometer. Feasibility was assessed via survey completion, accelerometer wear, participant feedback, and researcher notes.Results:Of 315 prompted surveys, 287 responses were valid (91.1%). Average completion time was 1.52 ± 1.03 minutes. One participant’s activity data were excluded due to accelerometer malfunction, resulting in complete data from 8 participants (n = 252 [80.0%] valid observations). Women reported the survey was easily and quickly read/completed. However, most thought the accelerometer was inconvenient.Conclusions:High completion rates and perceived usability suggest capitalizing on widely available technology and tailoring prompting schedules may optimize EMA in middle-aged women. However, researchers may need to carefully select objective monitors to maintain data validity while limiting participant burden.

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Engwall, E., A. I. Eriksson, C. M. Cully, M. André, P. A. Puhl-Quinn, H. Vaith e R. Torbert. "Survey of cold ionospheric outflows in the magnetotail". Annales Geophysicae 27, n. 8 (14 agosto 2009): 3185–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-3185-2009.

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Abstract. Low-energy ions escape from the ionosphere and constitute a large part of the magnetospheric content, especially in the geomagnetic tail lobes. However, they are normally invisible to spacecraft measurements, since the potential of a sunlit spacecraft in a tenuous plasma in many cases exceeds the energy-per-charge of the ions, and little is therefore known about their outflow properties far from the Earth. Here we present an extensive statistical study of cold ion outflows (0–60 eV) in the geomagnetic tail at geocentric distances from 5 to 19 RE using the Cluster spacecraft during the period from 2001 to 2005. Our results were obtained by a new method, relying on the detection of a wake behind the spacecraft. We show that the cold ions dominate in both flux and density in large regions of the magnetosphere. Most of the cold ions are found to escape from the Earth, which improves previous estimates of the global outflow. The local outflow in the magnetotail corresponds to a global outflow of the order of 1026 ions s−1. The size of the outflow depends on different solar and magnetic activity levels.

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Lyu, Xiru, Galit Levi Dunietz, Louise O’Brien, Ronald Chervin e Kerby Shedden. "549 Associations of Bedtime, Wake-time and Employment Status by Gender and Race". Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (1 maggio 2021): A216—A218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.547.

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Abstract Introduction Poor sleep quality has been reported in the unemployed compared with employed. How sleep varies by employment status has been rarely examined at a population level. Therefore, we investigated sleep-wake patterns among employed, unemployed but actively seeking a job, and not-in-the-labor-force participants by gender and race/ethnicity. Methods Methods We used data from the American Time Use Survey (ATUS), a nationally representative sample of US residents aged ≥15years, which records weekday/weekend activities in a 24-hour period (4:00am-4:00am). This sample was restricted to participants aged 25–60 years (n=130,062). This analysis utilized functional nonparametric regression based on dimension reduction and neighborhood matching. We modeled the relationship between participant-specific sleep-wake trajectories, coded by minute, and employment status. Implementing the counterfactual approach, we estimated the effects of each employment scenario on participant-level expected sleep trajectory. This approach allowed the examination of hypothetical sleep-wake trajectories for each participant if their employment status differed from the observed. We then marginalized these findings to gender and race/ethnic subpopulations, controlling for confounders and secular trends. Results Mean age was 42□0.01 years, nearly half (51%) of participants were women and 68% were Whites. The proportions of employed, unemployed, and not-in-the-labor-force were 79%, 16.5% and 4.5%, respectively. On average, unemployed and not-in-the-labor-force participants had a later bedtime and wake-time compared with employed. With the exception of Whites, each individual race/ethnicity group showed pronounced differences in sleep-wake patterns by employment status. Of note, the likelihood of still being asleep up to 9:00am was greater when unemployed in comparison to had they been employed. Compared with employed, differences in sleep-wake patterns were pronounced among Blacks and Hispanics had they been unemployed, but attenuated if they were out-of-the-labor-force. Gender alone was not a strong moderator of the relationship between sleep-wake patterns and employment status. Unemployed participants had bedtime after 11pm, regardless of gender or race/ethnicity. Conclusion Using the counterfactual approach, we predicted sleep-wake patterns among individuals had they been employed, unemployed, or out-of-the-labor-force by gender and race/ethnicity. Though cross-sectional, our data suggest that the sleep schedules of racial/ethnic minorities in comparison to Whites may be more affected by employment status. Support (if any):

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Karuppiah Ramachandran, Vignesh, Eyuel Ayele, Nirvana Meratnia e Paul Havinga. "Potential of Wake-Up Radio-Based MAC Protocols for Implantable Body Sensor Networks (IBSN)—A Survey". Sensors 16, n. 12 (29 novembre 2016): 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16122012.

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Lust, Ethan E., Karen A. Flack e Luksa Luznik. "Survey of the near wake of an axial-flow hydrokinetic turbine in the presence of waves". Renewable Energy 146 (febbraio 2020): 2199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.08.067.

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Aimone, Elizabeth, Lindsay Tanskey, Cynthia Ervin, McCamy Holloway, Sydney Klein e L. Suzanne Goodell. "P152 A Survey of Summer Food Service Program Open Site Coordinators in Wake County, North Carolina". Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 51, n. 7 (luglio 2019): S101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2019.05.528.

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