Tesi: "Vygotsky" – Grafiati

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Weber, Sueli Wolff. "Gramsci e Vygotsky". Florianópolis, SC, 1998. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/77359.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação.
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A presente dissertação faz um estudo comparativo entre o pensamento de

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Barnham, Chris. "Peirce, Vygotsky and concept formation". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10059118/.

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The purpose of this thesis to explore the theoretical similarities between Peirce and Vygotsky with respect to the process of concept formation. It is acknowledged that these two thinkers are seldom associated with each other in relation to the learning process. Peirce is seen as one of the founders of modern semiotics, but he is rarely linked with the activity of concept formation itself. Vygotsky, whilst associated with the latter, is not interpreted as a semiotician - even though he sometimes uses the terminology of signs. It will be argued in the course of this thesis, however, that their views are closer to each other than is commonly recognised and that this convergence derives from the influence of Hegel. In the case of Peirce, Hegel is often viewed in negative terms - as a philosophical legacy that Peirce is reacting against. It will be argued that this interpretation overlooks the deeper impact of Hegelian thought in terms of how Peirce constructs his semiotics. Indeed, an Hegelian interpretation of concept formation helps reframe Peirce's account of the 'mediating' sign, the notion of the 'determined' sign, and the role of the 'object' in his triadic structure. Moreover, the reference point of Hegel creates an opportunity to re-evaluate Peirce's icon, index and symbol. Hegel's influence on Vygotsky is more frequently acknowledged, but seldom pursued in detail by commentators who often draw Vygotsky into a more social account of meaning construction. Full recognition of Hegel's influence on Vygotsky, however, has the effect of reframing his notion of 'mediation', and making his account of concept formation less focused on the social dimension than is commonly recognised. The overall effect of these arguments is to reposition Vygotsky's 'natural history of the sign' in a framework that parallels Peirce's own account of sign formation. There remain, of course, important differences in the approaches of Peirce and Vygotsky, and these will be highlighted in the course of the discussion. But the broader perspective outlined below suggests that there should be greater recognition of their philosophical similarities.

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Zhang, Ruihan, e 張芮菡. "Rethinking Vygotsky : a critical reading of Vygotsky's cultural-historical theory and its appropriation in contemporary scholarship". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197513.

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This thesis was originally inspired by the surge of intellectual interests, starting from the late 1980s and early 1990s in western academia, in the former Soviet psychologist Lev S. Vygotsky’s cultural-historical theory (CHT) of psychology. Vygotsky’s approach to the development of the psychological functions of man places much emphasis on the transformative roles played by social and cultural tools such as language, and thus distinguishes itself from other popular methodologies, such as behaviorism and Chomskyan generative grammar, which study human thinking and its relationships with language by cutting off the connections between the inner mental world and the external physical world. Therefore, Vygotsky’s theory is widely believed to be an alternative to both the behaviorist and the mentalist approach to the problem of the mind and that of language. A group of linguists working within the field of second language acquisition even claimed that Vygotsky’s theory provides the solution that can finally settle the long-standing social-cognitive debate in the study of language teaching and learning. However, despite Vygotsky’s scientific innovations (which I discussed with details in Chapter I), my study of Vygotsky’s cultural-historical theory has led me to doubt some the almost unanimous consensus on the theoretical contributions that Vygotsky is believed to have made to contemporary scholarship, especially with regard to language studies. My research shows that Vygotsky’s theorization of the development of the human mind as a process of increasing abstraction, and language as a system of abstract meanings independent of concrete human experiences is fundamentally problematic. This is because such theorization not only reifies language into an inhuman system of fixed codes that denies the creativity and agency of individuals engaged in communicative activities, but also takes away both the linguistic rights and responsibilities of the individuals. Furthermore, Vygotsky’s psychology, especially his linguistic view, is deeply rooted in a blind belief in naive realism and rationalism that preach for a shared reality, an objectively shared knowledge of language and of the world in general, as well as a form of rationality that favors intellect over illiteracy, scientific knowledge over everyday experiences, logic over common sense, etc. In the end, it is not just our history of mental development and our knowledge of the world that have been classified and ranked according to their degree of sophistication, but also us as human beings. By bringing these fundamental problems in Vygotsky’s theory to light, I initiated a critical reading and re-thinking of not just Vygotsky’s psychology, but also its appropriations in contemporary sciences, such as linguistics, communication studies, and educational studies (with various degrees of attention on each area of study). This thesis could be regarded as the beginning of a new perspective to the studies of human communication and psychology by adopting a different view of language, a view I believe is first and foremost, liberal.
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English
Master
Master of Philosophy

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Derry, Janice. "Vygotsky and his critics : philosophy and rationality". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2003. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10006647/.

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This thesis is concerned with the philosophi~ background of Vygotsky's work. Vygotsky himself made clear that it was not only Marx who influenced him, but also Spinoza and Hegel. Most commentaries on Vygotsky have failed to consider the influence of Spinoza and Hegel on his work. Recent commentators interpret aspects ofVygotsky's work as being based upon Enlightenment philosophy and attribute to him a position of abstract rationality. In taking issue with these interpretations the thesis not only reacts to the criticism made of Vygotsky but also suggests that much of value in his education theory is lost if it is taken out of its original philosophic context and set in an alien framework. Vygotsky was absolutely steeped in the philosophy of Spinoza and Hegel and it was this which allowed him to develop original ideas on thought, language and mind. Vygotsky's tum to Spinoza and to Hegel would seem to put him outside the mainstream of modem Anglo-American thought, yet it is precisely this field of thought which in the last few years has raised questions that are bringing Hegel back into the mainstream. A study of Vygotsky's philosophy helps bring to light and to question the philosophic presuppositions of much contemporary work on educational theory and policy. This thesis addresses critical questions in Vygotsky theory and post-Vygotskian research. Its starting point is the question of sociogenesis of mind and chapters 2 and 3 consider recent writings on this issue and the related questions of constructivism and situated cognition. Chapter 4 reconsiders the opposition between Vygotsky and Piaget to carry the question of constructivism a step forward and to introduce the philosophic influences on Vygotsky's work which are then considered more fully in chapters 5, 6 and 7. 2

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Haberman, Jordan. "Vygotsky and cooperative learning Sri Lankan graduate students in Canada /". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0020/MQ56178.pdf.

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Doherty, Andrea Mary. "Vygotsky and play : a critical exploration of theory and practice". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602482.

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This study describes a critical exploration of theory into practice. Two principles of Vygotskian cultural historical theory: mixed age play and enhanced home-school links, already integrated into practice in Zolotoi Kluchick (Golden Key) programme schools in Russia, were adapted and implemented in an early years setting (3-6 years) in Northern Ireland. These principles were implemented, evaluated and modified, in a cyclic process, involving the school community throughout. Over one school year, six teachers, 15 classroom assistants, 106 children, five sets of parents, and the researcher, formed a pedagogical collective to explore both the process of implementation, and resultant impact of the Intergrated Play Programme (IPP). The study explores critically the translation of Vygotskian theory into practice. A constructivist methodology was employed, which viewed collaboration within the school community as vital to its success. Vygotskian theory was foundational in the developmental methodology that saw new research methods emerge throughout the research. Findings and conclusions drawn from this study were drawn primarily from participant perspectives. Vygotskian concepts of the zone of proximal development (ZPD), social situation of development (SSD), internalisation and cultural mediation guided the analysis, evaluation, and reflection. Findings revealed that the translation process was not straightforward, and required modifications to the original principles. The concept of 'family' appeared to connect home and school emerged as the major factor in modifying the implementation process. A 'family pedagogy' was developed, in which mixed-age play groups were known as 'school families'. Children's discussion of their 'school family' at home generated curiosity and interest from parents and carers, and provided a dialogical tool and cultural tool to bridge children's home and school learning. The study highlights the value of using play as the basis for this family pedagogy and, in line with Vygotskian theory, presented play as the predominant developmental activity for young children

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Mesquita, Kelcilene Virgino Silva de. "FormaÃÃo conceitual Ã luz das teorias de Vygotsky e Nelson". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3114.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico
Our basic assumption for this work is that the abilities to appraise and to categorize are closely related, leading us to the conclusion that they are part of a single process: that of knowledge organization. In this paper, we will discuss specifically some topics involving knowledge organization as far as concept formation is concerned, searching to understand its nature. For this purpose, we have used as theoretical background the works on concept formation by Vygotsky ([1934] 2000) and Nelson (1998; 1986). We believe that Nelsonâs views on young children cognitive processing, centered on the action context and on the childrenâs daily experiences can provide a more significant contribution for an extended vision of the nature of the process of concept formation than the ideas presented by Vygotsky who, in spite of stressing the importance of the context in concept formation, carried out his experiments based on artificial concepts. To check if the concepts become more abstract as time goes by or if they show to be limited to the individualâs context, connected to their memory (thus contextualized), we carry out a study with Elementary, Junior High and High School students as subjects, whose main purpose was to understand the nature of the participantsâ concepts. The students were asked to define the terms âplantâ and âanimalâ and took part in two classification activities using a set of cards, adapted from Panofsky, John-Steiner and Blackwell (1996), which consisted of twenty and one (21) pictures (07 belonging to the âplantâ category and 14 to the âanimalâ category). From the analysis of the definitions obtained and of the justifications for grouping the items into categories, we could observe that there is not a single, exclusive base for the participantsâ conceptualizations, that is, none of the categories has shown to be predominant. On the contrary, the category concepts are formed from internalized pieces of information about the world, no matter if these pieces of information are of a daily or of a more formal nature.
Neste trabalho partimos da premissa de que as habilidades de conceituar e de categorizar estÃo intimamente relacionadas, levando-nos a concluir que elas fazem parte de um Ãnico processo: o de organizaÃÃo do conhecimento. Especificamente, abordaremos questÃes concernentes Ã organizaÃÃo do conhecimento no tocante Ã formaÃÃo de conceitos buscando compreender a sua natureza. Para isso, utilizamos como base teÃrica os trabalhos sobre formaÃÃo de conceitos de Vygotsky ([1934] 2000) e de Nelson (1998; 1986). Defendemos que a proposta de Nelson sobre o processamento cognitivo de crianÃas jovens, centrada no contexto de aÃÃo, nas experiÃncias cotidianas das crianÃas, pode contribuir para uma visÃo mais ampliada da natureza do processo de formaÃÃo de conceitos que a visÃo apresentada por Vygotsky que, mesmo defendendo a importÃncia do contexto na formaÃÃo dos conceitos, realizou seus experimentos utilizando-se de conceitos artificiais. Para verificarmos se os conceitos com o passar do tempo vÃo se tornando mais abstratos ou se, ainda, mostram-se, presos ao contexto do indivÃduo, ligados Ã memÃria de eventos (contextualizado), realizamos uma pesquisa com alunos do Ensino Fundamental e do Ensino MÃdio com o objetivo de compreender a natureza dos conceitos dos participantes. A tarefa experimental consistiu de uma atividade de definiÃÃo para os termos planta e animal e duas atividades de classificaÃÃo usando um conjunto de cartÃes, adaptado de Panofsky, John-Steiner e Blackwell (1996) que constou de vinte e uma (21) figuras (07 da categoria plantas e 14 da categoria animais). AtravÃs da anÃlise das definiÃÃes e justificativas para os agrupamentos de itens em categorias, pudemos verificar que nÃo hÃ uma Ãnica e exclusiva base para as conceitualizaÃÃes dos participantes, ou seja, nÃo hÃ predominÃncia de uma ou de outra categoria, e sim que seus conceitos sÃo formados a partir de pedaÃos de informaÃÃes internalizadas sobre o mundo quer sejam cotidianas quer sejam mais formais.

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Mesquita, Kelcilene Vírgilio Silva de. "Formação conceitual à luz das teorias de Vygotsky e Nelson". www.teses.ufc.br, 2008. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/8823.

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MESQUITA, Kelcilene Vírgilio Silva de. Formação conceitual à luz das teorias de Vygotsky e Nelson. 2008. 119f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza (CE), 2008.
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Our basic assumption for this work is that the abilities to appraise and to categorize are closely related, leading us to the conclusion that they are part of a single process: that of knowledge organization. In this paper, we will discuss specifically some topics involving knowledge organization as far as concept formation is concerned, searching to understand its nature. For this purpose, we have used as theoretical background the works on concept formation by Vygotsky ([1934] 2000) and Nelson (1998; 1986). We believe that Nelson’s views on young children cognitive processing, centered on the action context and on the children’s daily experiences can provide a more significant contribution for an extended vision of the nature of the process of concept formation than the ideas presented by Vygotsky who, in spite of stressing the importance of the context in concept formation, carried out his experiments based on artificial concepts. To check if the concepts become more abstract as time goes by or if they show to be limited to the individual’s context, connected to their memory (thus contextualized), we carry out a study with Elementary, Junior High and High School students as subjects, whose main purpose was to understand the nature of the participants’ concepts. The students were asked to define the terms “plant” and “animal” and took part in two classification activities using a set of cards, adapted from Panofsky, John-Steiner and Blackwell (1996), which consisted of twenty and one (21) pictures (07 belonging to the “plant” category and 14 to the “animal” category). From the analysis of the definitions obtained and of the justifications for grouping the items into categories, we could observe that there is not a single, exclusive base for the participants’ conceptualizations, that is, none of the categories has shown to be predominant. On the contrary, the category concepts are formed from internalized pieces of information about the world, no matter if these pieces of information are of a daily or of a more formal nature.
Neste trabalho partimos da premissa de que as habilidades de conceituar e de categorizar estão intimamente relacionadas, levando-nos a concluir que elas fazem parte de um único processo: o de organização do conhecimento. Especificamente, abordaremos questões concernentes à organização do conhecimento no tocante à formação de conceitos buscando compreender a sua natureza. Para isso, utilizamos como base teórica os trabalhos sobre formação de conceitos de Vygotsky ([1934] 2000) e de Nelson (1998; 1986). Defendemos que a proposta de Nelson sobre o processamento cognitivo de crianças jovens, centrada no contexto de ação, nas experiências cotidianas das crianças, pode contribuir para uma visão mais ampliada da natureza do processo de formação de conceitos que a visão apresentada por Vygotsky que, mesmo defendendo a importância do contexto na formação dos conceitos, realizou seus experimentos utilizando-se de conceitos artificiais. Para verificarmos se os conceitos com o passar do tempo vão se tornando mais abstratos ou se, ainda, mostram-se, presos ao contexto do indivíduo, ligados à memória de eventos (contextualizado), realizamos uma pesquisa com alunos do Ensino Fundamental e do Ensino Médio com o objetivo de compreender a natureza dos conceitos dos participantes. A tarefa experimental consistiu de uma atividade de definição para os termos planta e animal e duas atividades de classificação usando um conjunto de cartões, adaptado de Panofsky, John-Steiner e Blackwell (1996) que constou de vinte e uma (21) figuras (07 da categoria plantas e 14 da categoria animais). Através da análise das definições e justificativas para os agrupamentos de itens em categorias, pudemos verificar que não há uma única e exclusiva base para as conceitualizações dos participantes, ou seja, não há predominância de uma ou de outra categoria, e sim que seus conceitos são formados a partir de pedaços de informações internalizadas sobre o mundo quer sejam cotidianas quer sejam mais formais.

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Bartfai, Sara. "Algoritmen som kulturellt redskap : Fyra elevers förståelse av additionsalgoritmen". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30927.

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The aim of this investigation has been to examine four students, in a second grade class in Stockholm, understanding of the addition algorithm. A small field study has been carried out including both interviews and classroom studies. Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory and more specifically the concepts of mediation and cultural tools have been applied. Vygotsky asserts that our contact with the world is mediated by cultural tools. The addition algorithm is in this thesis seen as a cultural tool that the students are to appropriate. The results show a variation of the student’s understanding of the addition algorithm. Most importantly it shows that it is possible for students to “say more than they know” with the use of the algorithm. It is difficult to see how much a student really understand of a mathematical concept and easier to see if they do not understand it or are using it in an inappropriate way. Therefore it is necessary for teachers to form a dialogue with the students and ask them why they do as they do while using different mathematical concepts, such as addition algorithms, to acquire a perception of their mathematical understanding.

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Hiltunen, H. (Hannele). "Play and motivation:through the eyes of Montessori, Vygotsky, Deci and Ryan". Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201705302194.

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This thesis covers play and motivation as separate entities, and then discusses them together. First goal was to explore if there is a connection between play and motivation and how do Montessori, Vygotsky, Deci and Ryan explore these in their own theories. First Vygotsy’s ideas are presented, then Montessori is explored and after this, these two theories are brought together and looked at especially in the context of playing. Afterwards The Self-Determination Theory of Deci and Ryan is analyzed through motivation. Finally, based on these theories, both play and motivation are discussed while back-analyzing personal experiences. This thesis uses literature review as a guide for exploring material. In addition to primary sources written by the authors themselves, sources that are most up to date were given preference. They were compared and contrasted through summary of the key ideas, and synthesized though my own analysis. Based on this thesis, play and motivation are indeed linked and there are many connections among the analyzed theories. This research process was a useful experience for me, as it connected theory and practice. In that sense, it might be useful for others. The thesis might be also interesting and inspiring for those who look for a playful way of getting familiar with some core ideas about play and motivation in education.

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Alves, Alvaro Marcel Palomo [UNESP]. "As teorias do jogo infantil de Vygotsky e Winnicott: uma análise intersubjetiva". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105591.

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O jogo se configura numa das mais antigas atividades humanas. Repleto de significados foi incorporado na linguagem, na arte, na religião e na cultura em geral. Seus estudiosos se estendem pela Filosofia (WITTGEINSTEIN, 1958; HUIZINGA, 1991; SCHILLER, 1995), História (ARIÈS, 1978; CAILLOIS, 1958), Teoria da Comunicação (POSTMAN, 1994), Antropologia (GEERTZ, 1989; MALINOWSKI, 1978) e inevitavelmente pela Educação e Psicologia. Embora nos reportemos com freqüência as demais ciências, nosso trabalho se insere numa tradição psicológica. Buscamos nas teorias do psicólogo russo Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) e do psicanalista inglês Donald Winnicott (1896-1971) uma alternativa para a compreensão do jogo infantil e seu significado na produção da subjetividade. Partimos da apresentação dos autores e suas respectivas biografias intelectuais, detalhando suas concepções de indivíduo, sujeito e meio (social, ambiental e cultural), para em seguida explorarmos conceitualmente zonas de sentido entre suas teorias. Na direção metodológica encaminhamos a discussão a partir da Epistemologia Qualitativa desenvolvida por Gonzalez Rey, criando zonas de sentido entre as concepções de ambiente e jogo infantil. Diante da morte precoce de Vygotsky e a consequente interrupção das suas pesquisas sobre o jogo, buscamos nas teorias dos seus alunos e colaboradores - principalmente Leontiev e Elkonin - os princípios ontogenéticos do jogo infantil complementares à explanação vigotskiana. Defendemos que uma teoria do jogo infantil deve buscar origens nas relações sociais mais primitivas do indivíduo, bem como no uso mais precoce que este faz dos objetos. Tais relações foram amplamente detalhadas por Winnicott na sua teoria dos fenômenos e objetos transicionais e acreditamos que podem ser relevantes para a compreensão do jogo protagonizado, tal qual desenvolvido por Elkonin e Vygotsky
The game is set in one of the oldest human activities. It was full of meanings embedded in language, art, religion, and culture in general. His scholars extend the Philosophy (WITTGEINSTEIN, 1958; HUIZINGA, 1991; SCHILLER, 1995), History (ARIÈS, 1978; CAILLOIS, 1958), Communication Theory (POSTMAN, 1994), Antropology (GEERTZ, 1989; MALINOWSKI, 1978) and inevitably for Education and Psychology. Although we refer frequently to other sciences, our work is part of a psychological tradition. We seek theories of the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) and the English psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott (1896-1971) an alternative to the understanding of children's play and its significance in the production of subjectivity. We start from the presentation of the authors and their intellectual biographies, detailing their conceptions of individual, subject and the environment (social, environmental and cultural), then to conceptually explore areas of meaning between their theories. Following toward a methodological discussion, we discuss the Qualitative Epistemology developed by Gonzalez-Rey, creating zones of meaning between the concepts of environment and children's game. Given the early death of Vygotsky and the consequent disruption of their research into the game, we turn to the theories of his students and collaborators - mostly Leontiev and Elkonin – with the principles ontogenetic children's game, a complementary explanation to Vygotsky’s theory. We argue that a theory of children's play should seek origins in more primitive social relations of the individual as well as the earlier use of objects that he makes. Such relationships have been widely detailed by Winnicott in his theory of phenomena and transitional objects, and we believe may be relevant to understanding the game played in children, as it was developed by Eldkonin and Vygotsky

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Alves, Alvaro Marcel Palomo. "As teorias do jogo infantil de Vygotsky e Winnicott : uma análise intersubjetiva /". Assis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105591.

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Orientador: Mario Sérgio Vasconcelos
Banca: Elizabeth Piemonte Constantino
Banca: José Sterza Justo
Banca: Luís Guilherme Coelho Buchianeri
Banca: Denise de Camargo
Resumo: O jogo se configura numa das mais antigas atividades humanas. Repleto de significados foi incorporado na linguagem, na arte, na religião e na cultura em geral. Seus estudiosos se estendem pela Filosofia (WITTGEINSTEIN, 1958; HUIZINGA, 1991; SCHILLER, 1995), História (ARIÈS, 1978; CAILLOIS, 1958), Teoria da Comunicação (POSTMAN, 1994), Antropologia (GEERTZ, 1989; MALINOWSKI, 1978) e inevitavelmente pela Educação e Psicologia. Embora nos reportemos com freqüência as demais ciências, nosso trabalho se insere numa tradição psicológica. Buscamos nas teorias do psicólogo russo Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) e do psicanalista inglês Donald Winnicott (1896-1971) uma alternativa para a compreensão do jogo infantil e seu significado na produção da subjetividade. Partimos da apresentação dos autores e suas respectivas biografias intelectuais, detalhando suas concepções de indivíduo, sujeito e meio (social, ambiental e cultural), para em seguida explorarmos conceitualmente zonas de sentido entre suas teorias. Na direção metodológica encaminhamos a discussão a partir da Epistemologia Qualitativa desenvolvida por Gonzalez Rey, criando zonas de sentido entre as concepções de ambiente e jogo infantil. Diante da morte precoce de Vygotsky e a consequente interrupção das suas pesquisas sobre o jogo, buscamos nas teorias dos seus alunos e colaboradores - principalmente Leontiev e Elkonin - os princípios ontogenéticos do jogo infantil complementares à explanação vigotskiana. Defendemos que uma teoria do jogo infantil deve buscar origens nas relações sociais mais primitivas do indivíduo, bem como no uso mais precoce que este faz dos objetos. Tais relações foram amplamente detalhadas por Winnicott na sua teoria dos fenômenos e objetos transicionais e acreditamos que podem ser relevantes para a compreensão do jogo protagonizado, tal qual desenvolvido por Elkonin e Vygotsky
Abstract: The game is set in one of the oldest human activities. It was full of meanings embedded in language, art, religion, and culture in general. His scholars extend the Philosophy (WITTGEINSTEIN, 1958; HUIZINGA, 1991; SCHILLER, 1995), History (ARIÈS, 1978; CAILLOIS, 1958), Communication Theory (POSTMAN, 1994), Antropology (GEERTZ, 1989; MALINOWSKI, 1978) and inevitably for Education and Psychology. Although we refer frequently to other sciences, our work is part of a psychological tradition. We seek theories of the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) and the English psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott (1896-1971) an alternative to the understanding of children's play and its significance in the production of subjectivity. We start from the presentation of the authors and their intellectual biographies, detailing their conceptions of individual, subject and the environment (social, environmental and cultural), then to conceptually explore areas of meaning between their theories. Following toward a methodological discussion, we discuss the Qualitative Epistemology developed by Gonzalez-Rey, creating zones of meaning between the concepts of environment and children's game. Given the early death of Vygotsky and the consequent disruption of their research into the game, we turn to the theories of his students and collaborators - mostly Leontiev and Elkonin - with the principles ontogenetic children's game, a complementary explanation to Vygotsky's theory. We argue that a theory of children's play should seek origins in more primitive social relations of the individual as well as the earlier use of objects that he makes. Such relationships have been widely detailed by Winnicott in his theory of phenomena and transitional objects, and we believe may be relevant to understanding the game played in children, as it was developed by Eldkonin and Vygotsky
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Groff, Keith. "Perception and context : language acquisition grounded on activity theories of Lev Vygotsky /". The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1248710173.

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Whiteman, Peter John School of Music &amp Music Education UNSW. "How the bananas got their pyjamas: A study of the metamorphosis of preschoolers' spontaneous singing as viewed through Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Music and Music Education, 2001. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/17801.

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Throughout childhood, children experience the social semiotic of music in a variety of ways. As they sing, dance, move, and play, they enjoy making and listening to music. Childhood is also a time of immense change. During their early years, children grow and develop at a faster rate than at any other time in their lives, displaying an intense proliferation of ways of knowing about the world. As part of the industrious activity that accompanies this explosion of knowledge, children sing many songs. It is through sensitive investigation of these songs that we can begin to understand what children know about music, and the place that it is afforded in the social milieux within which they participate. Children???s songs have been the focus of investigation for a number of years, with a range of studies reporting on the manner in which they reflect musical development. Several researchers have reported on children???s songs from a developmental perspective, while others have focussed on the social and functional contexts of the songs. These various approaches have established some basic principles concerning the development of children???s musical skills and knowledge. It is accepted that as children mature, they are likely to exhibit changes in their musical understanding and abilities. However, the diverse range of inquiries that have been undertaken, although rigorous, have resulted in fragmented and irresolute information about the manner in which these changes take place. Research into all areas of children???s development has recently undergone a paradigm shift, with current views focussing on the agency of children and their development within a social context. Such perspectives view the acquisition of knowledge as a dynamic process that occurs as children interact with others, and therefore place great importance on a range of environments in which this knowledge gain takes place. This thesis reports on a 3-year longitudinal study of eight preschool-aged children who were attending a long day care centre in Sydney. Regular video-recordings were made of the children???s spontaneous singing during free play, with each child recorded approximately once per month. Camera tapes were examined and all examples of the participants??? singing were transferred to VHS tapes for transcription and analysis. The resulting 443 songs were transcribed using Western notation, and each play episode and associated song then coded for musical aspects such as song type, melodic range and level of temporal organisation, as well as social aspects such as song function and social roles taken on by the children. The notion of social role was informed by Vygotsky???s Zone of Proximal Development. In addition to base data such as the child???s name and the date of the observation, the resultant dataset was transferred to a qualitative software package (NUD???IST) for subsequent analysis and interpretation. Results of the study indicate that the children used songs for specific purposes, and that patterns of musical development were distinctly different for each child. While interacting with their playmates, the children used both explicit and implicit tools to acquire and transmit musical signs. During this process, the status of knowledgeable other was often conferred on a playmate by a less knowledgeable member of the group, and was not solely dependent on chronological age. The results exhibit some congruence with prior studies, especially those for which the social context of music-making was an important consideration. The findings expand previous developmentally-based investigations by showing that conceptions based on a unidirectional model of musical development, closely linked to chronological age, need to be refined to consider the diversity of social contexts and generative processes within which children???s musical cultures can be defined. The current study supports a modular conception of musical development allied with recent social reconstructions of childhood. Some substantiation of previously reported Western musical universals was found in the children???s production of a specific form of chant, and their ability to operate within meaningful musical units such as phrases. The thesis includes a discussion of practical and theoretical implications that arise from the findings. Several implications for the classroom are offered. Among the most important are that children???s musical constructions should be utilised as important components of planned teaching and learning experiences, because they are capable of producing sophisticated music if afforded the opportunity to do so. Careful observation of existing musical knowledge and its incorporation in teachers??? programming will facilitate an efficient and appropriate mode of teaching and learning, based on the needs and interests of the children. As the children were able to scaffold each other in the process of transmitting and acquiring musical knowledge, it appears advantageous to group them in mixed ages for at least some part of the week. However, without some intervention on the part of the teacher, it seems that they would likely rely on a fairly restricted collection of scaffolding behaviours. Additional research is recommended to determine the value of a number of strategies that can be used to meet the musical needs of preschool-aged children beyond the current research site. Indeed, the outcomes of the study question the importance of striving for a unidirectional model of musical development, immersed in the veil of teleology, and suggest that further research be undertaken in the area of children???s songs, which acknowledges the social agency of children, and their roles in their own musical cultures.

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Gustafsson, Håkan. "Vygotskij och Leontjev om lek". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-33868.

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Den här uppsatsen handlar om de sovjetiska psykologerna Vygotskij och Leontjevs teoretiska perspektiv på lek, så som Vygotkji presenterar sin teori i förläsningen Lekens roll i barnets psykiska utveckling 1933 (1981) och så som Leontjev presenterar sin teori i artikeln Lekens psykologiska grundvalar i förskoleåldern 1944 (1982). Den här uppsatsen bygger på en kvalitativ hermeneutisk textanalys av dessa två källor, och ställer sig frågan vad Vygotskijs och Leontjevs teorier betyder? Analysen anlägger dels ett hermeneutiskt historiskt perspektiv och dels ett nutids historiskt pedagogiskt perspektiv. För det nutidspedagogiska perspektivet använder jag mig av det skandinaviska forskningsfältet lekpedagogik, framför allt Birgitta Knutsdotter Olofsson, Fredrik Ole Lillemyr och Gunilla Lindqvist. För det hermeneutiskt historiska perspektivet använder jag mig av en kvalitativ textanalys där jag har systematiserat de två texterna i vardera tre analysteman. Vygotskijs föreläsning har jag sammanfattat och tolkat utifrån följande analysteman: förändrade handlingsmotiv, separationen mellan det visuella fältet och betydelsefältet och sambandet mellan rollek och regellek. Leontjevs artikel har jag sammanfattat och tolkat utifrån analystemana förändrade handlingsmotiv, leken som reproduktion och sambandet mellan rollek och regellek. Samtliga av analystemana är hermeneutiska delar av respektive texters helheter. Temana har jag analyserat dels som bryt- och beröringspunkter mellan Vygotskij och Leontjev och dels utifrån de begrepp som ligger till grund för den kulturhistoriska teorin.I analysen kommer jag fram till att förändrade handlingsmotiv ligger till grund för både Vygotskij och Leontjevs teorier, även om de skiljer sig åt något i sina respektive definitioner. Vidare kommer jag fram till att både Vygotskij och Leontjev baserar sin syn på utvecklingen av barns lek från rollek till regellek på en liknande historiegenetisk analys. Den stora skillnaden, som jag har funnit i min analys, är att Leontjev behandlar leken som ett yttre fenomen, som en verksamhet, medan Vygotskij behandlar leken som ett inre-yttre fenomen. Alltså som en verksamhet men också som en inre process där barnets idéer, emotioner och fantasi driver leken.
This essay discusses the theories on children’s play of two sovjetic psychologists: Lev S. Vygotsky and Aleksei N. Leontiev. It focuses specifically on Vygotsky’s lecture Play and its role in the Mental Development of the Child from 1933, and on Leontiev’s article The Psychological Principles of Preschool Play from 1944. Through a qualitative hermeneutic textual analysis of these two sources, the essay explores the meaning of Vygotsky’s and Leontiev’s theories, both from a hermeneutical, historical perspective, and a contemporary historical, educational perspective. The contemporary pedagogical perspective is based primarily on the Scandinavian research field of “play pedagogy”, and the research of Birgitta Knutsdotter Olofsson, Fredrik Ole Lillemyr and Gunilla Lindqvist. The hermeneutical, historical perspective is present through a qualitative text analysis. In this analysis, the contents of the two texts are systematized and interpreted with the use of three analytical themes. In Vygotsky’s lecture, the following themes are identified: changing motives of action, the separation between the visual field and the meaning field and the relationship between role play and rule play. In Leontiev’s article, these three themes are found: changing motives of action, play as reproduction, and the relationship between role play and rule play. All of the analytical themes are hermeneutic parts of the texts as a whole. The themes are analyzed both as differences and similarities between Vygotsky and Leontiev, and also as concepts that form the basis for the cultural-historical theory. The analysis show that the theme of changing action motives is at the base of both Vygotsky’s and Leontiev’s theories, although their definitions of this theme differ somewhat. The study also found that both Vygotsky and Leontiev based their theories on the development of children's play from role play to rule play on a similar historical genetic analysis. The major difference found between Vygotsky and Leontiev is that Leontjev treats play primarily as an external phenomenon and as an external activity, whereas Vygotsky treats play both as an external activity, like Leontiev, and as an internal process, in which the child's ideas, emotions and imagination drives play forward.

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Lundberg, Johanna. "Förskollärarens roll i barnets språkutveckling : en jämförelse mellan Reggio Emilia-inriktningen och Vygotsky". Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-746.

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Inom området barnets utveckling borde pedagogiken och kognitionsvetenskapen samarbeta. Pedagogikinriktningen Reggio Emilia påstår bygga sin verksamhet på delar av bland annat Vygotskys teorier. I denna rapport utvärderas detta påstående utifrån frågan: Har förskollärarna inom Reggio Emilia-förskolan stöd hos Vygotskys teorier när det gäller deras roll i barnets vardagsspråkliga utveckling. Reggio Emilia-inriktningens och Vygotskys åsikter om språk och lärarens roll analyseras och jämförs med ett hermeneutiskt angreppssätt. Analysen visar att det finns skillnader mellan Reggio Emilia-inriktningens syn på förskollärarens roll när det gäller barnets vardagsspråkliga utveckling och Vygotskys teorier inom området. Trots skillnaderna visar ändå analysen att Reggio Emilia-inriktningen har fått stora influenser ifrån Vygotsky. Resultatet visar således att även om stödet från Vygotskys teorier inte är hundraprocentigt så finns det där. Undersökningen visar också att pedagogiken och kognitionsvetenskapen kan samarbeta framgångsrikt.

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Camelo, Francisco Joselito Parente. "Eletricidade por meio de oficinas pedagÃgicas: contribuiÃÃes da teoria sÃcio-interacionista". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7684.

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nÃo hÃ
No ensino da FÃsica, ainda prevalece Ã exposiÃÃo oral, a aplicaÃÃo repetitiva de fÃrmulas e regras como principais meios de aprendizagem, que pouco tem contribuindo para a compreensÃo das ideias trabalhadas. Com isso, o aluno nÃo concebe a aprendizagem como uma necessidade (motivo) na construÃÃo do seu conhecimento. Entre os diferentes conceitos que podem ser trabalhados em tal ensino, merece destaque o estudo da eletricidade, por representar um conteÃdo de difÃcil compreensÃo pelos alunos, alÃm de seus conceitos e de sua linguagem serem utilizadas no cotidiano de forma errÃnea. O presente estudo tem como o objetivo investigar o potencial da utilizaÃÃo de oficinas pedagÃgicas temÃticas ao estudo de eletricidade, referenciada pela HistÃrico-Cultural de Vygotsky. A metodologia utilizada foi uma pesquisa de campo de natureza qualitativa denominada de pesquisa-aÃÃo. O cenÃrio da investigaÃÃo foi o Instituto Federal do CearÃ (IFCE) com 21 alunos do ensino mÃdio do Curso TecnÃlogo de MecÃnica, do quinto semestre. Os instrumentos de pesquisa usados foram a aplicaÃÃo de questionÃrio, observaÃÃo, diÃrio de campo, fotografia e filmagem. Os resultados mostram que os alunos gostaram da dinÃmica, ressaltando que a experiÃncia foi significativa a sua aprendizagem, fato esse bastante comentado quando receberam as notas da avaliaÃÃo individual, cujas questÃes foram retiradas com base nas discussÃes realizadas em sala, por cada equipe. Ã importante ressaltar que as notas foram superiores ou iguais a 8,5. Do ponto de vista do pesquisador, esse resultado foi Ãtimo, possibilitando afirmar que, apesar das limitaÃÃes da metodologia adotada, o objetivo traÃado no inÃcio desse trabalho de dissertaÃÃo foi alcanÃado, pois possibilitou a aquisiÃÃo dos conteÃdos de eletricidade. As consideraÃÃes finais expÃem que se faz necessÃrio tambÃm que os professores de FÃsica, em geral, conheÃam as ideias de Vygotsky para pÃ-las em prÃtica no seu exercÃcio docente, no sentido de trazer meios alternativos e criativos de ensino que motivem o aluno a aprender. Que a sala de aula seja um espaÃo de vivÃncias, experiÃncias diversas, e que o aluno se torne sujeito de transformaÃÃo da realidade em que vive.
The teaching of physics still prevails to oral exposure, the repetitive applicacion of formulas and rules as the main means of learning, which has contributed little to the understanding of the ideas worked.With this, the student does not conceive of learning as a necessity (reason) in building their knowledge. Among the different concepts that can be worked in the teaching of physics, deserves the study of electricity, as it represents a content difficult to understand by students, in addition to its concepts and language use in everyday life so wrong. The present study aimed to investigate the potential use of educational workshops themed to the study of electricity, referred to by Vygotskyâs Cultural-Historical. The methodology used was a field called qualitative action research. The scene investigation was Federal Institute of CearÃ (IFCE) whith 21 high school students of the Course of engine technology, the fifth semester. The research instruments used were the application of 01 questionnaire, observation, field diary, photography and filming. The results show that students liked the dynamic stressing that the experience was meaningful to their learning. Much-noted fact that when the notes were evaluated (Annex 01) individual, whose questions were taken on the basis of discussions in class, for each team. Importantly, the scores were greater than or equal to 8.5. From the standpoint of the researcher, this result was great allowing state that despite the limitations of the methodology adopted, the objective set at the beginning of this dissertation work has been achieved, because it made possible the acquisition of the contents of electricity. The final considerations show that it is necessary also that teachers of physic in general know the ideas of Vygotsky to put them into practice in their teaching practice in order to bring altrenative and creative teaching that motivates students to learn. That the classroom is a space of experience, varied experiences and the student becomes subject to transform reality in which they live.

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Soares, Silnei Scharten. "A formação dos conceitos e o discurso interior em Eisenstein e Vygotsky : montagem teórica". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/3529.

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Partindo da definição de discurso interior e da análise do processo de formação de conceitos abstratos desenvolvidos pelo psicólogo Lev Vygotsky, faz-se uma aproximação com a teorização do cineasta Sergei Eisenstein sobre as possibilidades de incorporação do discurso interior pelo cinema. Analisam-se as relações entre o conteúdo eminentemente icônico das imagens cinematográficas e os aspectos sensoriais não-verbais presentes no discurso interior, indicados por Vygotsky, com o objetivo de investigar as formas como o discurso cinematográfico articula seus recursos expressivos através da montagem, visando reproduzir em sua organização formal os processos cognitivos que têm lugar no pensamento e que são expressos pelo discurso interior; para isso, o foco de análise centra-se nos métodos de montagem estabelecidos por Eisenstein. Investiga-se também os modos de produção de sentido através da articulação de signos icônicos não-verbais pela montagem cinematográfica, ressaltando o papel que os componentes afetivos da cognição e do intelecto desempenham no processo de produção de conceitos pelo cinema, especialmente o cinema caracterizado nos textos e reflexões teóricas de Eisenstein. Conclui-se que o tipo de discurso interior produzido pelo cinema em geral e o eisensteiniano em particular é aquele que foi definido por Vygotsky como discurso cotidiano ou espontâneo, motivado afetivamente e ligado ao contexto da situação concreta em que emerge.

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Lysack, Michael David. "Reflecting processes as practitioner education in Andersen and White through the lenses of Bakhtin and Vygotsky". Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85021.

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Adult learning models have emerged that help social work students to make links between their lived experiences, narratives, and their developing identity as practitioners. This educational methodology involves students exploring and co-constructing their own personal and professional narratives through dialogue, sharing them within a reflecting team format. Reflecting teams emerged out of the work of family therapist Tom Andersen, and have been further developed for practitioner education by narrative therapist, Michael White. A detailed description of the learning model is provided, with an overview of the orienting principles and some guidelines for application.
The educational practice of reflecting processes is examined through a conceptual framework drawing on the ideas of Mikhail Bakhtin (1895-1975) and Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934). Bakhtin was a literary theorist, philosopher, and teacher who was interested in language, literature and human consciousness, and was fascinated with dialogue in relationship as a site of knowledge construction as well as a model for understanding the dialogic nature of human consciousness. Vygotsky was a psychologist, cultural theorist, and activist who conceptualized learning as a social process that occurs in relationship. He also investigated language as a psychological/cultural tool, and was curious about human consciousness as "inner speech." Their writings act as a theoretical foundation for the dissertation, providing a series of heuristic devices or lenses through which to view reflecting processes: individual/social, self/other, outer word/inner speech, language, monologue/dialogue, and authoritarian/internally persuasive discourse.
The dissertation includes an alternative to traditional academic rhetorical style in the form of conversations between various writers. Drawing on Bakhtin and Vygotsky, a dialogical genre is developed as an approach to engaging with the texts of Andersen and White. In developing this methodology, the dialogic form of inquiry is expressed in a conversation between Bakhtin, Vygotsky and a student persona. This dialogic genre also occurs as an extended series of conversations in the format of a reflecting process between Andersen, White, Bakhtin, Vygotsky, and a student, Mishka. The dissertation concludes with an overview of Bakhtin's exploration of moving from monologue to dialogue and from authoritarian to internally persuasive discourse, and how this is accomplished by means of the "penetrated word" and transformative discourse in the context of relationship.

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Velardi, Marilia. "Metodologia de ensino em educação fisica : contribuições de Vygotsky, para as reflexões sobre um modelo pedagogico". [s.n.], 1997. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/274815.

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Orientador: Vilma Leni Nista-Piccolo
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Fisica
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Resumo: Este estudo é resultados de minhas vivências nas docências em Educação Física escolar, esporte e graduação do curso de licenciatura em Educação Física, refletindo minhas inquietações sobre as práticas pedagógicas que envolveram e envolvem meu trabalho. Tendo estas experiências como ponto de partida, o objetivo principal é descrever uma metodologia de ensino que foi sendo construída ao longo desta trajetória, e que se efetiva na prática pedagógica, no projeto ¿Crescendo com a Ginástica¿ da Faculdade de Educação Física da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Além disso, através da revisão e análise bibliográfica sobre os estudos de Vygotsky, e seus desdobramentos na prática pedagógica, busca referenciais para a reflexão sobre as experiências vividas. Nos estudos de Vygotsky sobre o desenvolvimento humano e a aprendizagem, a formação de conceitos, a mediação e o papel do brinquedo e da brincadeira no desenvolvimento humano, estão os referenciais que permitiram uma grande reflexão sobre a metodologia. Na metodologia de ensino em Educação Física, proposta por este trabalho, parte-se do conhecido para o novo, da descoberta para o reconhecimento, da execução para a compreensão das estruturas que permitem organiza-las. Esta metodologia é composta por três momentos, partes de uma mesma aula, que relacionados e mediados pelo professor, pelo ambiente e por outros alunos, são dinamizados de forma lúdica, aspecto fundamental na elaboração dos conceitos sobre as atividades que estão sendo vivenciadas... Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: This study is the result of my own experience in teaching physical Education at school, sport and graduation in the course of licenciate in Physical Education, reflecting my doubts about the pedagogic practice that have always been involved my work. Having this experiences as a starting point, the main objective is to describe a teaching methodology which has been developed all over these years and put into pedagogic practice through the project ¿Growing with the Gymnastics¿, from the course of Physical Education at Campinas State run University, Furthermore, the revision and bibliographic analysis of Vygotsky¿s studies, and its effects in the pedagogic practice will serve me as reference for my reflection on my own experiences. In Vygotsky¿s studies about the human development and learning process, the formation of concepts and the role of toys and plays in the human development, I have found bases which allowed a deep reflection above the methodology. In the Physical Education teaching methodology proposed by this work, we start from what is known to the new, from the discovery to the recognition, from the execution to the comprehension of the structures that allow their organization. This methodology consists of three moments, which are parts of the same class and when related to the teacher, the environment and the other students, are strengtherned in a funny way what is extremely important for the elaboration of concepts on the activities being experienced... Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations
Mestrado
Mestre em Educação Física

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Faria, Eliézer Marques. "A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA TEORIA HISTÓRICO-CULTURAL DE VYGOTSKY PARA O ENSINO E A APRENDIZAGEM DE ALGORITMO". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2013. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/698.

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The discipline whose content is algorithms can aid in cognitive development of the student by requiring him to work some higher mental functions such as logical reasoning, abstraction, voluntary attention, among others. To do so requires that he develop reading and text comprehension, memory, the relationship of prior knowledge to solve problems, among other mental abilities. Therefore, their use has been recommended as early as high school. Both the algorithm and the algorithmic thinking are being applied in many different areas of knowledge (Psychology, Medicine, Portuguese, Computer, etc.). Nevertheless, the low level of learning algorithms is a problem that occurs worldwide, including in the upper reaches of Technology in GIS, offered at the Federal Institute of Goiás, Goiânia campus. In general, the work and research carried out on the learning algorithm presented solutions through design/construction of computerized tools or by changing the methodology used in the classroom. We believe it is necessary to understand and analyze this problem from a perspective grounded in a theory of learning, in order to realize the whole process, not limited to the empirical aspects arising from poor training of teachers and students. Therefore, this research was based on Cultural-Historical Theory of Lev S. Vygotsky, considering aspects such as the formation of concepts, the Zone of Proximal Development and Learning. The central question of this research is: the point of view of THC, what is the role of teaching and learning algorithms? This question becomes general objective: To analyze the role of teaching and learning algorithms from the perspective of THC. It was found that the low level of learning algorithm is related to the role assigned to the subject by the subjects involved in this process, which are: the teacher and the students. Therefore, the results measured in this study reinforce the need for change in the paradigm modeled on an instrumental education.
A disciplina cujo conteúdo é Algoritmos pode auxiliar no desenvolvimento cognitivo do aluno ao exigir que ele trabalhe algumas funções mentais superiores tais como: o raciocínio lógico, a abstração, a atenção voluntária, dentre outras. Para tanto, requer que ele desenvolva a leitura e compreensão de texto, a memória, a relação de conhecimentos anteriores para a resolução de problemas, dentre outras habilidades mentais. Por isso, a sua utilização vem sendo recomendada já a partir do ensino médio. Tanto o Algoritmo quanto o pensamento algorítmico vêm sendo aplicados nas mais diversas áreas de conhecimento (Psicologia, Medicina, Português, Computação, etc.). Apesar disso, o baixo nível de aprendizagem em Algoritmos é um problema que ocorre em nível mundial, inclusive no curso superior de Tecnologia em Geoprocessamento, ofertado no Instituo Federal de Goiás, campus Goiânia. De uma maneira geral, os trabalhos e pesquisas realizados sobre a aprendizagem de Algoritmo apresentam soluções que passam pela concepção/construção de ferramentas informatizadas ou pela mudança da metodologia utilizada nas aulas. Acreditamos que se faz necessária a compreensão e a análise deste problema sob uma perspectiva embasada em uma teoria da aprendizagem, de forma a dar conta do processo como um todo, não se limitando aos aspectos empíricos advindos da formação precária dos professores e dos alunos. Para tanto, essa pesquisa foi fundamentada na Teoria Histórico-Cultural de Lev S. Vygotsky, considerando pontos como: a formação de conceitos, a Zona de Desenvolvimento Proximal e a Aprendizagem. A questão central desta pesquisa é: do ponto de vista da THC, qual é o papel do ensino e da aprendizagem de Algoritmos? Desta questão, toma-se por objetivo geral: Analisar o papel do ensino e da aprendizagem de Algoritmos sob a perspectiva da THC. Verificou-se que o baixo nível de aprendizagem de Algoritmo está relacionado com o papel atribuído à disciplina pelos sujeitos envolvidos nesse processo, quais sejam: o professor e os alunos. Logo, os resultados aferidos nesta pesquisa reafirmam a necessidade da mudança no paradigma construído nos moldes de uma educação instrumental.

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Chehonadskih, Maria. "Soviet epistemologies and the materialist ontology of poor life : Andrei Platonov, Alexander Bogdanov and Lev Vygotsky". Thesis, Kingston University, 2017. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/38850/.

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This thesis provides new perspectives on the epistemic conditions of pre- and post-revolutionary Soviet thought (1910s–early 1930s) and constructs a transdisciplinary entry point into a materialist ontology of ‘poor life’. The concept of poor life engages contemporary debates on class composition and individuation from the materialist viewpoint of self-organising labour causality and social mediation. The thesis opens with a critical examination of the ‘Western’ and ‘Eastern’ divide in Marxist philosophy and shifts discussion from the official doctrine of Bolshevism to the under-represented epistemologies of Empirio-Marxism and Spinozist- Hegelianism in the philosophy and political theory of Alexander Bogdanov, the writings and art criticism of Andrei Platonov and the experimental philosophy and psychology of Lev Vygotsky. A transdisciplinary, post-revolutionary logic assumes that theory should start where Marx ended and that it should act in a Marxist fashion across all conceptual and practical realms. The reconstruction of these epistemological conditions leads to an alternative philosophical genealogy of Soviet avant-garde art and the writings of Andrei Platonov. The thesis explores the connections between the Empirio-Marxism of Bogdanov and the problematic of construction, ‘life-building’ and production in the theories of the Soviet avant-garde. Bogdanov proposes an organisational ontology of the active and productive capacity of labour to compose and construct historically determined ‘life-complexes’ and orders of material relations. In turn, the organisation of sensibility, things and relations, or communist ‘life-building’, becomes the primary theoretical and practical agenda of Proletkult, Constructivism, Productivism and the Literature of Fact. The thesis demonstrates the unique place of Andrei Platonov within these conceptual settings. The core of the thesis is a reconstruction of Platonov’s method and form of writing, the aim of which is to demonstrate the conceptual reciprocity of the problems of ‘lifebuilding’ and ‘poor life’. Platonov stresses the negativity of partition and compartmentalisation within the compositional logic of ‘life-building’. In the experience of social poverty, the selforganising force of labour produces a disjunctive unity of thinking and speech, reaction and act, time and space. Vygotsky’s Spinozist-Hegelianism exposes the structural logic of this negativity. The reconstruction of his system shows how mediation produces a dialectical dramaturgy of individuation out of the compositional materiality of poverty and the given ensemble of social relations. The thesis concludes by outlining a differential unity between the three authors. The Soviet problematisation of poor life links social and ontological degrees of organisation, offering epistemological models of compositional productivity and of the individuating negativity of ‘life-building’. The epistemic conditions that we reconstruct in the thesis may have vanished along with their revolutionary context, but they are likely to resurface in the course of any new experiment in radical social transformation.

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Araujo, Alessandro Vinicius Pereira Rolim de. "Uma proposta de metodologia para o ensino de F?sica usando rob?tica de baix?ssimo custo". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2013. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15477.

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This paper presents methodology based on Lev Vigotsky`s social interactionist theory through investigative activities, which integrates the teaching of physics to robotics, directed to students of the Physics degree course, seeking to provide further training for future teachers. The method is organized through educational robotics workshops that addresses concepts of physics through the use of low-cost educational robots along with several activities. The methodology has been presented and discussed and put into practice afterwards in workshops so that these future teachers may be able to take robotics to their classroom. Students from the last and penultimate semester of the Physics degree course of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte, Caic? campus participated in this project
Este trabalho tem como prop?sito apresentar uma metodologia baseada na teoria s?cio interacionista de Lev Vygotsky, atrav?s de atividades investigativas, que integra o ensino de F?sica com a rob?tica, direcionadas para alunos do curso de licenciatura em F?sica, na busca de fornecer mais uma capacita??o para os futuros professores. Organizada por meio de oficinas de rob?tica pedag?gicas que abordam conceitos de f?sica atrav?s da utiliza??o do kit did?tico de rob?tica livre proposto juntamente com atividades produzidas, a metodologia foi apresenta e discutida, e posteriormente, colocada em pr?tica nas oficinas para que esses futuros professores possam levar a rob?tica para sua sala de aula. Participaram alunos do ?ltimo e do pen?ltimo per?odo da Licenciatura em F?sica do Instituo Federal de Educa??o, Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte, c?mpus Caic?

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Swanson, David. "Vygotsky's theory of scientific concepts and connectionist teaching in mathematics". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/vygotskys-theory-of-scientific-concepts-and-connectionist-teaching-in-mathematics(3e2fb24f-70bf-4dc0-8282-aff6fb8e3a64).html.

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This thesis can be described in various terms. It is a translation of Vygotsky's theory of scientific concepts, in reality a theory of development, into a theory of mathematics teaching and learning. It is a theorisation, and development, of connectionist pedagogy in mathematics (a relatively underdeveloped, yet exemplary, amalgam of various reform/progressive /meaningful approaches to teaching). And, it is an investigation of the elements and processes involved in mathematical concept development, and the mediating role which classroom tasks can play. Alongside this, these understandings are embedded within a wider understanding of society, schooling, mathematics and mathematics teaching which help explain the current dominant practice in the classroom, and in doing so add to the understandings already described. In sum, the thesis therefore represents the beginnings of a systematic Marxist perspective of mathematics education which can cohere analysis at the multiple levels of society, schooling, classroom teaching and learning, and individual concept development. As such it is also, as should always be the case with Marxist perspectives, a guide to action for critical mathematics educators. The thesis begins with context, motivation and strategy, an overview of relevant literature, and an explanation of the methodology and methods used within. The relationship between Vygotsky's theory of concept development and connectionist teaching is then outlined and developed. The wider societal perspective follows, with an emphasis on generalised commodity production as the key shaper of schools and classrooms. Both of these themes are then developed in relation to the example of vocational mathematics, both providing evidence of the existence and nature of scientific activity and concepts, and connecting their absence to the obstacles related in the previous section. The thesis continues by exploring a pedagogical development based on Vygotsky's theory, looking at the explicit problematising of generalisation, and analysing classroom dialogue in relation to this. In the other direction, a theoretical development is then made, following an illustration of the pedagogical and theoretical framework through the development of a particular concept. Finally, conclusions are drawn and future work outlined.

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Hemlén, Sara. "Sång i förskola och förskoleklass : En studie som utgår ifrån pedagogers perspektiv". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Barn- och ungdomsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-100580.

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Studien har sin grund i mitt intresse för musik, rörelse och sång. Sångsamling är den situation då dessa olika element möts. Detta arbete skapades också utifrån min nyfikenhet för att veta hur pedagoger uttrycker att de arbetar med sångsamlingar, vad de ser för positiva och negativa egenskaper samt hur pedagogerna anser att barnen påverkas. För att få reda på detta valde jag att åka ut till förskolor och intervjua pedagoger om hur de ser på deras sångsamlingar. Sedan mejlade jag ett par förskoleklasser intervjufrågorna och fick svar på dessa via mejl. Resultatet utav detta blev att jag upptäckte att de flesta av dem jag intervjuade kopplade sång med glädje och gemenskap/stämning. Men också att många av pedagogerna uttrycker att de är viktigt att ha ett syfte med sångsamlingen. Jag har efter denna studie kommit fram till att pedagogerna arbetar för barnen, de vill att barnen ska ha kul och lära genom sångsamling och känna gemenskap och stämning i barngruppen, utifrån vad de uttryckt.

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Dominguez, Celi Rodrigues Chaves. "Desenhos, palavras e borboletas na educação infantil: brincadeiras com as idéias no processo de significação sobre os seres vivos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-24032010-160127/.

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A finalidade desta pesquisa realizada na Creche Oeste, que se localiza no campus da USP em São Paulo foi investigar, a partir do referencial de Vygotsky, como ocorre o processo de atribuição de significados sobre os seres vivos, entre crianças pequenas, quando estas participam de interações discursivas mediadas por adultos. Para isto, um grupo composto por 16 crianças de 4 anos foi acompanhado durante oito meses nas atividades relacionadas ao desenvolvimento do projeto Pequenos Animais, quando estudaram com maior profundidade as borboletas. Neste trabalho, utilizou-se metodologia qualitativa, e os registros foram feitos por meio de gravações em áudio e vídeo, durante as rodas de conversas e nos momentos de elaboração de desenhos por parte das crianças os quais puderam ser coletados para posterior análise. Constatou-se que as crianças foram negociando entre si os significados das palavras, no decorrer das próprias interações discursivas, ou seja, na medida em que brincavam com as idéias. Esta brincadeira com as idéias, essencial para o processo de significação, foi possível quando as crianças foram autorizadas e estimuladas a se expressar livremente, por meio do uso de múltiplas linguagens. Ademais, verificou-se que o acesso à ampla variedade de fontes de informação, bem como a boa qualidade destas a expressão boa qualidade diz respeito à abundância de ilustrações, legendas e textos explicativos interferiu significativamente no processo criativo das crianças, o que, por sua vez, favoreceu a atribuição de significados. Nesta investigação, concluiu-se, ainda, que as crianças, além de se apropriarem de alguns conhecimentos sobre borboletas (aspectos morfológicos dos animais, fases do ciclo de vida, diversidade de espécies, hábitos alimentares e estratégias de defesa contra predação), incorporaram, em seus desenhos, modos de representação semelhantes aos encontrados nos materiais de divulgação científica disponibilizados às crianças, merecendo destaque o formato sequencial de apresentação das fases do ciclo de vida das borboletas.
The purpose of this research, which was conducted at the Creche Oeste daycare center located on campus at USP São Paulo, was to investigate, referenced on Vygotskys work, how the process of attributing meanings to living beings occurs among young children when they participate in discursive interactions mediated by adults. To this end, a group of sixteen 4-year-olds were monitored for eight months in their activities relating to the development of the project Small Animals, during which they made an in-depth study of butterflies. This work was carried out using a qualitative methodology, with data collected through audio and video recordings during group conversations and while the children drew pictures, which were collected for subsequent analysis. It was found that the children negotiated the meanings of words among themselves during the discursive interactions, in other words, as they played with their ideas. This playing with ideas, which is essential to the process of signification, was enabled by allowing and encouraging the children to express themselves freely through the use of multiple languages. Moreover, access to a wide variety of information sources, as well as their good quality the expression good quality refers to the abundance of explanatory illustrations, captions and texts , interfered significantly in the childrens creative process, which in turn favored the attributions of meanings. It was also concluded, from this investigation, that the children not only assimilated some knowledge about butterflies (their morphological aspects, phases of their life cycle, species diversity, feeding habits and defense strategies against predation) but also incorporated into their drawings similar modes of representation as those they encountered in the scientific materials made available to them, with special emphasis on the sequential format of presentation of the phases of the life cycle of butterflies.

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Bonatti, Cristiane 1981, Rosinéte 1958 Gaertner e Universidade Regional de Blumenau Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências Naturais e. Matemática. "Saberes geométricos no primeiro ano do ensino fundamental :uma experiência tendo por base pressupostos teóricos de Vygotsky /". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações FURB, 2015. http://www.bc.furb.br/docs/DS/2015/360475_1_1.pdf.

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Orientador: Rosinéte Gaertner.
Com.: Produto educacional: Saberes geométricos no primeiro ano do ensino fundamental: uma experiência tendo por base pressupostos teóricos de Vygotsky.
Dissertação (Mestrado em Matemática) - Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências Naturais e Matemática, Blumenau,

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Barberino, Mariana Ribeiro Busatta. "Ensino de estatística através de projetos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45135/tde-01032018-145122/.

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A presente dissertação discute o uso da metodologia de projetos para o ensino de Estatística em uma escola pública do estado de São Paulo. Baseados na pedagogia freiriana, na psicologia histórica-social de Vygotsky e a partir de estudos sobre o letramento estatístico e uso de projetos no ensino, elaboramos uma proposta de ensino-aprendizagem para ser desenvolvida com alunos do último ano do Ensino Médio. A proposta busca oferecer ao educando um contato direto e contextualizado com a análise estatística, uma vez que ele estuda uma situação de seu interesse, obtendo e analisando informações sobre o tema escolhido. O estudo dos conceitos estatísticos previstos para esta série ocorre simultaneamente com o desenvolvimento do projeto dos estudantes. O contato direto com os dados auxilia o efetivo aprendizado dos conceitos estatísticos, além de permitir uma melhor reflexão sobre o uso das pesquisas estatísticas. Desse modo, busca-se a construção de um estudante crítico que entenda as informações em seu cotidiano.
This dissertation discusses the use of the project methodology for teaching statistics in a public school located in São Paulo State. Based on Freire\'s pedagogy, on historical-social Vygotsky\'s psychology, on studies about statistical literacy and on the use of projects in education, a teaching-learning proposal was developed to be applied on classes of senior high school students. The proposal allows the student contact with statistical analysis, once the student chooses a situation of his interest, obtaining and analyzing information concerning the subject. The study of statistical concepts occurs simultaneously with the students research project. The direct contact with the data helps the effective learning and provides a better reflection on the use of statistical concepts. Therefore, this proposal seeks to construct a critical student who is able to understand the information in his daily life.

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Blackmore, Ashley. "If Humour be the Food of Learning, Joke on: Perspectives of Several Italian and Swedish Upper-Secondary School Students on Humour and Dialogic Classroom Interaction". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för lärarutbildning (LUT), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-21765.

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Social constructivism, known as Vygotskian theory, has been implicated in improving spoken language skills of upper-secondary school students. This qualitative study aims to investigate the perspectives of students regarding the teachers’ use of humour in ESL lessons both in Italy and Sweden. A secondary aspect of the study was to assess the use of humour in second language acquisition related to language learning and communicative competence based on dialogism and interaction. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants (5 males and 5 females from each of the respective countries). After analysis using phenomenography, results indicate that humorous dialogic instruction and interaction, as well as non-verbal forms of humour such as gesticulation and facial expression, have the possibility to dramatically increase the focus and interest in lesson content which facilitates better communicative understanding of English. Immediacy is perceived to improve feelings of well-being and harmony within the classroom. Humour and openness are considered important and necessary factors in improving motivation and self-belief during oral tasks as facilitated an effective, communicative learning climate. The study also proposes that there are four factors (teacher, student, subject and task) which affect learning processes, and moderation of humour, the fifth factor, acts as a scaffold to assist in stretching students’ knowledge within the ZPD.

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Silva, Alzira Ferreira da. "RoboEduc: uma metodologia de aprendizado com rob?tica educacional". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15128.

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In this work, we propose a methodology for teaching robotics in elementary schools, based on the socio-historical Vygotsky theory. This methodology in conjunction with the Lego Mindstoms kit (R) and an educational software (an interface for control and programming of prototypes) are part of an educational robotics system named RoboEduc. For the practical development of this work, we have used the action-research strategy, being realized robotics activities with participation of children with age between 8 and 10 years, students of the elementary school level of Municipal School Ascendino de Almeida. This school is located at the city zone of Pitimbu, at the periphery of Natal, in Rio Grande do Norte state. The activities have focused on understanding the construction of robotic prototypes, their programming and control. At constructing prototypes, children develop zone of proximal development (ZPDs) that are learning spaces that, when well used, allow the construction not only of scientific concepts by the individuals but also of abilities and capabilities that are important for the social and cultural interactiond of each one and of the group. With the development of these practical workshops, it was possible to analyse the use of the Robot as the mediator element of the teaching-learning process and the contributions that the use of robotics may bring to teaching since elementary levels
Neste trabalho propomos uma metodologia para o ensino de rob?tica no Ensino Fundamental, baseada na teoria s?cio-hist?rica de Lev Vygotsky. Esta metodologia em conjunto com o kit Lego Mindstormsr e um software educacional (uma interface para controle e programa??o de prot?tipos) comp?em o sistema de rob?tica pedag?gica denominado RoboEduc. Para o desenvolvimento dessa pesquisa foi utilizado o m?todo pesquisaa??o, sendo realizados atividades de rob?tica com a participa??o de crian?as com idade entre 8 a 10 anos, alunos do Ensino Fundamental I da Escola Municipal Professor Ascendino de Almeida, localizada no bairro Pitimb?, na periferia de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. As atividades visaram produzir conhecimento sobre a constru??o de prot?tipos rob?ticos, sua programa??o e controle. Ao construir os prot?tipos as crian?as desenvolvem ZDPs, que s?o espa?os de aprendizagem que quando bem aproveitados proporcionam a constru??o, pelos indiv?duos n?o s? de conceitos cient?ficos, mas tamb?m de habilidades e compet?ncias importantes para as intera??es sociais e culturais de cada um e do grupo. Com o desenvolvimento das oficinas foi poss?vel analisar a utiliza??o do rob? como elemento mediador do processo de ensino-aprendizagem e as contribui??es que o uso da rob?tica pode trazer para o ensino desde o n?vel fundamental

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Piske, Fernanda Hellen Ribeiro. "O desenvolvimento socioemocional de alunos com altas habilidades/superdotação (AH/SD) no contexto escolar : contribuições a partir de Vygotsky". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/30123.

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Resumo: Esta pesquisa tem a finalidade de investigar a percepção de alunos do ensino fundamental com altas habilidades/superdotação (AH/SD), de suas famílias e de seus professores em relação a aspectos socioemocionais de seu desenvolvimento, considerando a perspectiva histórico-cultural de Vygotsky. Para Vygotsky (2010), a afetividade pode ser definida como todo o domínio das emoções, dos sentimentos que provém dessas emoções, como também das experiências sensíveis que são vivenciadas em cada contexto. O desenvolvimento socioemocional pode ser entendido como uma função psicológica superior e refere-se às vivências que os sujeitos apresentam em seu contexto histórico e cultural, envolvendo sentimentos e emoções como um fenômeno que tem um propósito, um sentido e um significado social. A metodologia respaldou-se em uma abordagem de caráter qualitativo e exploratório, baseada em Aguiar e Ozella (2006). Foram entrevistados cinco alunos diagnosticados com altas habilidades/superdotação, cinco famílias e quatro professoras. A partir da análise foram encontrados os seguintes núcleos de significação, representativos da percepção dos participantes do estudo, enquanto dialética entre significados e sentidos: o contexto escolar como lugar de expressão de sentimentos e emoções; a mediação do professor no processo de ensino-aprendizagem; e o atendimento educacional especializado (AEE) aos alunos com altas habilidades/superdotação (AH/SD). Os resultados indicam que a percepção das crianças superdotadas em relação a aspectos socioemocionais de seu desenvolvimento, apesar de ser positiva de modo geral, não coincide com a percepção de suas professoras. Estas crianças podem ter dificuldades no reconhecimento de sua condição psicológica concernente às interações na escola e ou na família. Para a equipe docente entrevistada, grande parte dos alunos superdotados tem dificuldades sociais e emocionais que precisam ser atendidas, como ansiedade, perfeccionismo e excesso de cobrança. Já a percepção da maioria das famílias das crianças superdotadas é a de que seus filhos não apresentam dificuldades socioemocionais. Neste sentido, ressaltou-se a importância da escola oportunizar aconselhamento à criança e à família sobre a condição social e psicológica de seus filhos contando com uma equipe especializada composta por psicólogos, pedagogos e professores preparados para atender a crianças superdotadas. Conclui-se observando a necessidade de revisão do sentido do trabalho educacional por meio da teoria vygotskyana do Desenvolvimento das Funções Psicológicas Superiores, que alia o desenvolvimento cognitivo ao afetivo. A relevância desta teoria está não só na sua discussão do desenvolvimento de conceitos científicos e sua relação com os conceitos espontâneos, mas na compreensão da forma como os sujeitos passam a controlar as suas emoções e sentimentos por meio da dialética entre processos interpsíquicos e intrapsíquicos, desenvolvendo comportamentos autorregulados.

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Sarmento, Dirléia Fanfa. "A teoria histórico-cultural de L.S. Vygotsky : uma análise da produção acadêmica e científica no período de 1986-2001". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/10015.

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Esta pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico, tem como problema de investigação a questão: Como as temáticas pertinentes à Teoria Histórico-Cultural de L.S. Vygotsky, abordadas em artigos, dissertações e teses, produzidas no período de 1986 a 2001, no Brasil, são interpretadas pelos seus autores? O corpus da pesquisa foi composto por artigos, dissertações e teses selecionados a partir dos seguintes critérios: espaço temporal, definição paradigmática e áreas de concentração. Ainda, no caso das dissertações e teses, foi considerado o local de defesa. Para a análise das temáticas, utilizamos a técnica de análise de conteúdo, conforme Bardin (1988). O estudo foi conduzido à luz da Teoria Histórico-Cultural, estabelecendo-se uma interlocução com os autores que fazem parte da escola psicológica sócio-cultural, principalmente Luria (1990, 1992, 1998) e Leontiev (1978a,b,1988); autores estrangeiros que estudam os pressupostos vygotskyanos, tais como Blanck (1996, 1998, 2000), Kozulin (1990), Rivière (1987), Van der Veer e Valsiner (1996) e Wertsch (1988); autoras brasileiras, como Oliveira (1992, 1993) e Rego (1994,1999) e os autores das produções analisadas. A análise dos dados nos possibilitou concluir que: a) a PUCSP, a UFSC, a UNICAMP e a USP podem ser consideradas pólos de difusão da abordagem vygotskyana, pois juntas totalizam 64,3% das dissertações e teses que se definem por esse referencial; b) as áreas da Educação e Psicologia concentram 81,1% das dissertações e teses defendidas; c) os periódicos que possuem o maior número de artigos que se definem pelo referencial vygotskyano, são: Cadernos de Pesquisa da Fundação Carlos Chagas, Educação e Sociedade, Psicologia em Estudo e Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa. Encontramos, em cada um desses periódicos, quatro artigos (11,43%), sendo que, juntos, os periódicos citados concentram dezesseis artigos dos trinta e cinco do cômputo geral (45,72%); d) a tendência das investigações realizadas direciona-se para a averiguação da aplicabilidade de pressupostos da Teoria Histórico-Cultural em diversos campos empíricos (principalmente nos contextos que envolvem as áreas já mencionadas); e) as pesquisas de cunho bibliográfico são em número reduzido; f) as temáticas mais pesquisadas são as relativas ao desenvolvimento e à aprendizagem (incluindo-se, nessa, a função do brinquedo no desenvolvimento infantil) e à interação social e suas interfaces no contexto educativo. Acreditamos que os dados obtidos nesta investigação poderão auxiliar outros pesquisadores no que se refere ao estado da produção acadêmica e científica que faz menção às postulações vygotskyanas no período pesquisado e situar as temáticas e as discussões acerca da referida teoria.
This research, which is of bibliographical character, has as problem of investigation the following: How themes concerning L.S. Vygotsky’s Historical-Cultural Theory, referred to in articles, dissertations and thesis, produced during the period 1986 to 2001 in Brazil, are interpreted by their authors? The corpus of the research was made up of selected articles, dissertations and thesis based on the following criteria: temporal space, paradigmatic definition, and areas of concentration. Still, in relation to dissertations and thesis, the place where the defense of thesis happened was taken into consideration. For the analysis of the themes we used the technique of content analysis, according to Bardin (1988). The study was conducted in light of the Historical-Cultural Theory establishing interlocution with the authors that are part of the social-cultural school of psychology, mainly Luria (1990, 1992, 1998) and Leontiev (1978 a,b. 1988); foreign authors who study Vygotskyan’s conjectures, such as Blanck (1996, 1998, 2000), Kozulin (1990), Rivière (1987), Van der Veer and Valsiner (1996) and Wertsch (1988); Brazilian authors, such as Oliveira (1992, 1993) and Rego (1994, 1999), and the authors of the works analyzed. The analysis of the data has made possible reach the conclusion that: a) PUCSP, UFSC, UNICAMP and USP can be considered main regions of dissemination of the Vygotskyan approach, for together they make up 64.3% of the dissertations and thesis that define themselves based on this referential; b) in the areas of education and psychology there is a concentration of 81.1% of the dissertations and thesis supported; c) the journals that have the largest number of articles which are defined to as of the Vygotskyan referential are: Cadernos de Pesquisa da Fundação Carlos Chagas, Educação e Sociedade, Psicologia em Estudo and Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa. We found in each one of these journals four articles (11.43%), altogether there is a concentration of sixteen articles in the mentioned journals from a total sum of thirty-five (45.72%); d) the tendency of the investigations conducted is directed towards examining the applicability of the Historical-Cultural Theory conjectures in various empirical fields (mainly in the contexts that involve the areas already mentioned; e) there is very little research based on bibliography; and f) the themes most investigated are those related to development and learning (including the purpose of toys in the development of children) and social interaction with its interfaces in the educational context. We believe the data obtained in this investigation can help other researchers as to the ways of academic and scientific production which mention the Vygotskyan postulations within the period investigated and establish basis for the themes and discussions on the referred theory.

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Guimarães, Dirce Maria Fagundes. "Sobre a mediação docente nos primeiros anos do ensino fundamental: um estudo sobre a formação de conceitos em Vygotsky". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49722.

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Este trabalho trata da mediação simbólica empreendida por professoras, com crianças do segundo ano1 e da quarta série2 de uma escola do Ensino Fundamental. A reflexão dessas práticas é feita à luz de pressupostos teóricos interacionistas. Foram investigadas, nas duas turmas, as formas de apresentação dos conteúdos, as tarefas cooperativas, as representações do objeto de estudo, os conhecimentos trazidos pelos alunos e a socialização do conhecimento. A pesquisa exploratória foi do tipo etnográfico com observação, entrevistas, diário de campo e o registro, num quadro de referências, de indicadores de formação de conceitos científicos, elaborados a partir dos referenciais teóricos de Vygotsky. Dos resultados obtidos, em muitas situações, as aulas observadas obedeceram a uma dinâmica de exposição oral e os conteúdos surgiram de seleção feita pelas professoras a partir de listagem combinada por classes paralelas e livros didáticos. Em outros momentos, foram desenvolvidos projetos que surgiram dos interesses demonstrados pelos alunos e trabalhados em moldes cooperativos, nos quais fizeram explorações concretas dos temas de estudo. Os resultados indicam que quando o grupo trabalhou com os projetos, os resultados foram melhor formalizados em função do tipo de envolvimento dos alunos com o objeto do conhecimento na possibilidade de relações e associações cooperativas. Quando as crianças trabalharam com princípios teóricos formais propostos pelas professoras o caminho para a formação de conceitos e generalizações se expressaram de modo mais restrito. As atividades do grupo que eram originadas em projetos da escola, com temas do cotidiano, e propostas a partir das necessidades e interesses dos alunos, revelaram maior interação e apropriação do conhecimento por parte deles. Os resultados das observações e entrevistas estão analisados principalmente a partir da mediação simbólica de Vygotsky, na qual a linguagem, os signos e símbolos verbais e não verbais compartilhados nas relações sociais medeiam o processo de aquisição de conhecimento. Em Piaget, o enfoque da epistemologia genética, enquanto operacionalidade construtivista, possibilitou a reflexão sobre a interação do sujeito com o grupo e também com o objeto do conhecimento. A presença de Bakhtin, neste trabalho, mostrou uma visão da linguagem, que ultrapassa os códigos linguísticos, pela ideologia presente nos enunciados. Esses autores e suas ideias sobre o aprendizado e o desenvolvimento complementam esse momento de pensar o fazer pedagógico no cotidiano da sala de aula.
This study is focused on the symbolic mediation undertaken by teachers in an Elementary School with children aged 7 to 8 and 10 to 16. The reflection of such practices was made in the light of interactionist theoretical assumptions. The content presentation, the cooperative tasks, the representations of the object of study, the knowledge brought by the students and the socialization of knowledge were analyzed in the two classroom groups. It was an ethnographic exploratory research with observations, interviews, field journal, and reports, within a framework of references, on indicators of scientific concept formation based on Vygotsky´s theoretical referential. From the results obtained, in many situations, the lessons observed had an oral presentation dynamics and the teacher’s content selection derived from a list that comprised parallel classes and textbooks. In other occasions, some projects were developed due to the interest demonstrated by the students and worked collectively, with a concrete exploration of the study themes. The results showed that when the group worked with projects, the results were better formalized according to the way the students were involved with the object of knowledge as to the possibility of cooperative associations and relationships. When the children worked with formal theoretical principles proposed by teachers, the way for the formation of concepts and generalizations, they were more intimidated. The group activities developed in school projects, with daily life issues, and proposals from the needs and interests of students, showed that the students had greater interaction and knowledge construction. The results of the observations and interviews were analyzed by considering Vygotsky's symbolic mediation, in which language, verbal and nonverbal signs and symbols shared in social relationships mediate the knowledge construction process. In Piaget, the focus of the genetic epistemology, as a constructivist operation, enabled the reflection on the subject's interaction with the group and also with the object of knowledge. In this study, Bakhtin´s presence provided a vision of language that goes beyond the linguistic codes due to the ideology present in statements. These authors and their ideas on learning and development complement this time of reflecting upon the teaching practice in the everyday classroom.

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Smith, Lena. "Elevers resonemang när de i grupp arbetar med matematikuppgifter. En empirisk studie i år 5". Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Educational Science (IUV), 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1268.

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Mitt syfte med arbetet var att ta reda på hur elever tänker och lär när de löser olika matematikuppgifter. För att få svar på mina frågeställningar har jag valt att använda mig av litteraturstudier och empiriska studier. Jag har valt att utgå från elevernas resonemang i mina tolkningar av hur elever tänker och lär.

Ett resultat av min undersökning är att elevens sociala samspel med andra elever och lärare har stor betydelse för elevens lärande. Mitt resultat har stöd i Vygotskys begrepp ´den närmaste utvecklingszonen´.

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Popova, Anna. "Historical transformations of pedagogic practice : a socio-cultural and activity theory analysis of preparation for work in Russian schools". Thesis, University of Bath, 2009. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.544504.

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This thesis investigates how students are prepared for work in schools in the context of post-communism in Russia. It aims to gain an understanding of what theories and processes constitute preparation for work in Russian schools. In the light of how they have changed as a result of the fall of communism in 1991, the thesis seeks to explore the ways in which students are prepared to enter the world of work. The socio-cultural and activity theory is employed to explore the relationship between students’ engagement in pedagogic practices and macro historical transformations in Russia that have affected it.
The methodology includes a documentary analysis of teacher-training textbooks, which were used in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s and a case study of preparation for work in a secondary school in Perm, Russia, which involved a group of thirty teachers and thirty students. Biographical interviews were conducted with thirty individuals who lived through the economic and social transformations caused by the events of 1991.
The analysis of the data demonstrates that preparation for work in Russian schools is a combination of two pedagogic processes – vospitanie, which refers to the overall up-bringing of children, and ‘professional orientation’, which provides career guidance. The literature review and documentary analysis have revealed that the events of 1991 have influenced the ideological underpinning of vospitanie and professional orientation, especially in terms of humanisation of pedagogic processes. However, with regard to the conceptual framework, vospitanie and professional orientation have remained relatively intact. These pedagogic concepts emphasise a dialogic relationship between students and teachers. The case study analysis shows that the teachers’ conceptualisation of vospitanie and professional orientation reflect the findings from the documentary analysis, but the teachers have interpreted the theory in the ways that reflect their various, historically formed views of preparation for work. Some of these views, expressed by the teachers who were trained in the Soviet time, do not support the new humanistic approach advocated in the literature; instead, the focus is on differentiation by ability and on academic achievement. Combined with the fact that the case study school does not offer practical vocational experience, this provides some explanation of why only those students who receive support from outside the school are better prepared than others to overcome the challenges of the new market economy. Those students who do not receive relevant support outside the school are developing dispositions towards employment, which are less likely to help them progress in the context of the market economy.

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Bradley, Gail. "The 'maid phenomenon' : home/school differences in pedagogy and their implications for children in two international schools in the Middle East". Thesis, University of Bath, 2010. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.528112.

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A ‘new’ phenomenon in the form of employing foreign domestic workers (FDW), or maids, whose jobs often include caring for children, appears to be an increasing global trend. Consequently, migrant women from developing countries provide an inexpensive and accessible child care alternative, which could be regarded as widespread in certain regions. Growth in the movement of population and mounting global interdependence, has also contributed to an increase in educational institutions labelled international schools. As an educator in five of these diverse institutions, I became aware that the trend of hiring maids, who because of their social position often do many basic tasks for children in their care, has entered the world of international schools in particular geographical areas. This has often concerned professionals. This small-scale study, therefore, explores the perceived social and educational implications of home/school differences in pedagogic orientation in children who have maids, bringing to light a matter of consequence, to certain international schools in particular, in more academic terms. Two very different schools in the Arabian Gulf, both regarded as operating in an international context, were the focus for this study. Drawing on Vygotskian and post-Vygotskian theories, I used sociocultural theory and Engeström’s model of activity theory as a theoretical framework from which to design the inquiry, and carry out the analysis. Using the two sample schools to access key-stakeholders, this inquiry involved multi-methods of mainly qualitative data collection, which explored a situation where maids are often heavily involved in children’s upbringing. A range of nationalities were included. Important messages emerged, including the notion of maids appearing to be culturally embedded amongst a number of affluent host country nationals and expatriates in my context. Additionally, significant differences appear to exist between children with maids at home and those without, with implications for learning amongst ‘maid children’, which might be perceived as a result of maid intervention. The thesis concludes with recommendations for educationalists and parents. Views of most key stakeholders underpin a model which could guide new practice and go some way towards alleviating the consequences of such a situation.

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Juhlin, Johanna. "Teaching Poetry in Upper Secondary School Courses : A Study in Lesson Design". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Engelska, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-27245.

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This study attempts to show benefits with different methods when teaching poetry in Upper Secondary courses, with the aim of proving that by using a certain design of the lesson, it is possible to engage the students in English poetry. A secondary aim was to incorporate and implement the theories on sociocultural learning by Vygotsky into the method used in the study. Finally, the study aimed to question the definitions of what constitutes a poem and the ideas of canonized versus non-canonized material within literature. The method chosen for this study was a mixed methods design, and the study applied a deductive approach where a hypothesis based on previous research and ideas within the field was tested. The design of the study was to perform a focus group interview, followed by observations of four lessons with students at Upper Secondary level, and finally a questionnaire for the students. The results from the study were mainly positive and the questionnaire showed that most of the students appreciated the first part the most, although a few students enjoyed both parts. The combined results showed that the design has an impact when it comes to engagement, and it changed a few of the students views on poetry. The main finding in the study was that students prefer less complex poetry that does not belong to the canon, since most of the students marked the first part as the best one. The results showed therefore that the design has an impact when it comes to engagement.

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Klang, Erika, e Anna Flamholc. "Förskolematematik - En jämförelse mellan Montessori- och traditionell förskola". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-32693.

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Syftet med denna uppsats är att titta närmare på i vilka sammanhang och under vilka former pedagogerna arbetar med matematiken i fyra förskolor. Vi gör även en jämförelse mellan den traditionella förskolan och Montessoriförskolan utifrån Vygotsky och läroplanen. För att ta reda på detta besökte vi fyra olika förskolor för att göra intervjuer och observationer. Genom vår undersökning fick vi reda på olika sätt som förskolorna arbetade med att synliggöra flera av matematikens delar och inte i första hand räknande av antal. Problemlösning, geometri, sortering och klassificering är bara ett urval av vad pedagogerna arbetade med. Vi kan se att både Montessori- och traditionella förskolor uppfyller målen i läroplanen och att några av tillvägagångssätten är desamma. Vad vi kan dra för slutsatser av detta är att alla förskolorna utnyttjar de vardagliga situationerna, framförallt samlingar och matsituationer.
The purpose with this paper was to look closer to in which contexts and in what ways the educationalists worked with mathematics. Then, we wanted to do a comparison between the traditional- and the Montessori preschool on the basis of the curriculum. In order to figure this out, we visited four various preschools where we implemented interviews and observations. Through our survey, we discovered various ways that the preschools worked with making mathematics’ visible for the children, not primarily counting of numbers. Problem solution, geometry and classification were only a selection of what the educationalist worked with. We can see that both Montessori - and traditional preschools meet the objectives in the curriculum and that some off the procedures are similar. Our conclusions is that all the preschools used the everyday situations , above all concentrations and food situations.

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Haagensen, Cecilie. "Lived experience and devised theatre practice : a study of Australian and Norwegian theatre students' devised theatrical practice". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/76152/1/Cecilie_Haagensen_Thesis.pdf.

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This study explores the incorporation of young people's lived experience upon the creative dynamics in the development of devised performance practice. By employing Vygotsky's creativity theory to devising processes the role of lived experience is analyzed through three case studies located in two theatre education colleges in Norway and Australia. The study demonstrates how young peoples' life experience is a primary resource that is developed and reasoned upon in the creative performance practice. A key finding of the study is the identification of two distinct type of performance outcome in devised theatre practice, described as "livsbasert/life-based" and "egenskapt/self-made" that will enable devised theatre to have a more nuanced understanding of both process and product in the Nordic context.

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Costa, Isabel Marinho da. "Concepções de Mediação pedagógica: a análise de conteúdo a partir da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações BDTD (2000-2010)". Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2013. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/4767.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-07T15:09:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1784229 bytes, checksum: b8bf80a80034f0486c575aecd14b016d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-02
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Studies and research on academic-scientific pedagogical mediation have been gradually expanded, especially in the last twenty years with the introduction of technological resources in various social spheres and particulary in the educational field. The intense proliferation of information, changes in communication relations and actions of people, the new settings and modalities, somehow indicate the need for change in school education, in profile and in teaching performance and student, becoming through a pedagogical orientation interaction mediated one of the benchmarks of the increased use of the term "Pedagogical Mediation" in academic productions the areas of human and social, in particular, education. This research aims to analyze the concepts of pedagogical mediation set out in theses and dissertations produced in the years 2000-2010, available at Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations - BDTD. The corpus consists of documents (theses and dissertations) extracted from BDTD and analysis is based on the orientation of Bardin (2010) on the content analysis. The choice of this corpus was given mainly from verification that in that time period there was a significant increase in the use of this term in the Brazilian academic publications on the use of TDICs in education and the use of the term was based on the theoretical basis relating to TDICs not the term itself, sparking the curiosity and the intention to make it an object of study thesis. The theoretical perspective adopted is guided in the theories of Vygotsky (2007), specifically the Theory of Development and Learning that is so essentially social and dialectical. Analyses have shown that the term and the concepts of "pedagogical mediation" are still being progressively incorporated conceptually and in their theoretical and methodological bases and the relationships that are teaching and learning in the actions established teachers and students of pedagogical practices that actualize the constitution pedagogical mediation and not the use of TDCIs in education as identified in the publications.
Os estudos e as pesquisas acadêmico-científicas sobre mediação pedagógica têm sido gradativamente ampliados, sobretudo, nos últimos vinte anos com a introdução de recursos tecnológicos nas diversas esferas sociais e, em especial no campo educacional. A intensa proliferação de informações, as mudanças nas relações de comunicação e ações das pessoas, as novas configurações e modalidades de ensino, de alguma forma indicam a necessidade de mudança na educação escolar, no perfil e na atuação docente e discente, constituindo-se por meio de uma orientação pedagógica de interação mediatizada um dos marcos referenciais do aumento de utilização do termo Mediação Pedagógica nas produções acadêmicas das áreas de humanas e sociais e, em especial, de educação. Esta pesquisa interpreta as produções acadêmico-científicas que versam sobre as TDICs na educação e as bases teóricas que fundamentam o uso dos termos e as concepções de mediação e mediação pedagógica. O corpus é composto de documentos (teses e dissertações) extraídos da BDTD e a análise de conteúdo tem como base a orientação de Bardin (2010). A escolha deste corpus deu-se, sobretudo, a partir da verificação de que nesse período houve um aumento significativo do uso desse termo nas publicações acadêmicas brasileiras sobre o uso das TDICs na educação e que o uso do termo estava fundamentado na base teórica referente às TDICs e não ao próprio termo, o que provocou a curiosidade e a intenção de torná-lo um objeto de estudo de tese. A perspectiva teórica para discutir o conceito de mediação adotado se pauta nas Teorias de Vygotsky (2007), especificamente, a Teoria do Desenvolvimento e da Aprendizagem que se constitui de forma essencialmente social e dialética. As análises evidenciam que o termo e as concepções de mediação pedagógica ainda estão sendo progressivamente e conceitualmente constituídas em suas bases teórico-metodológicas e que são as relações de ensino e aprendizagem estabelecidas nas ações docentes e discentes da prática pedagógica e o uso das TDICs na educação que efetivam a constituição de mediação pedagógica.

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Affonso, Dalva Mariana [UNESP]. "Uso de um objeto de aprendizagem no ensino de ciências tomando-se como referência a teoria sócio-construtivista de Vygotsky". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90879.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-05-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:11:33Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 affonso_dm_me_bauru.pdf: 775110 bytes, checksum: 297ca3ba87739159746685cd75760dcf (MD5)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar se o uso de um objeto de aprendizagem (OA) poderia auxiliar alunos do Ensino Fundamental a desenvolverem funções cognitivas sobre a digestão. A escolha do sistema digestório como conteúdo para a construção de um OA reside no fato de que é um assunto de sala de aula e que envolve questões sociais e ambientais, além dos próprios conceitos científicos inerentes ao assunto. A teoria sócio-construtivista de Vygotsky orientou essa pesquisa sobre o desenvolvimento dos conceitos científicos das alunas mediado pela interação com o OA digital. Os resultados mostraram que foi percebido a integração dos sistemas digestório, circulatório e respiratório após o trabalho das alunas com o OA. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho foi qualitativa, sendo os dados colhidos a partir de observações durante e após as aulas ministradas a alunas da 7ª série do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola estadual de Bauru. Diante dos resultados apresentados considera-se que a tecnologia da informação, mais especificamente um OA digital, oferece um potencial a ser explorado para melhoria do ensino e aprendizagem de conceitos científicos.
A contemporary challenge is in front of science education: is it educated students able to realize the relationship between science and technology? This work will show how computer technology can be used as a tool for science teaching. The technology discussed here is a Digital Learning Object about the human digestive system. The students have your own ideas about the digestive system and these ideas are often discussed between teacher and the students. Our finding have suggested that computer technology can create new teaching possibilities. In addition the Learning Object has a significant effect on development scientific concepts.

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Barrs, Myra. "Imagination in action : a study of the 'prehistory of writing' in children's early symbolising, based on a rereading of Vygotsky". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10006597/.

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Duarte, Da Costa Fabio Paraguaçu. "Vygotsky : un environnement d'apprentissage social pour la programmation fondé sur la collaboration entre agents d'aide à la conception par cas". Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX30062.

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Nos travaux de recherche s'inscrivent dans le cadre de la conception et du developpement d'un environnement d'apprentissage social (eas) pour l'apprentissage de la programmation a des apprenants novices. Pour la conception de cet eas, nous nous sommes fondes sur la theorie du psychologue russe vygotsky qui affirme l'importance de la collaboration pour le developpement cognitif. Cet eas, appele vygotsky, se propose d'aider l'apprenant pendant la phase d'analyse du probleme de programmation et de developpement de la solution ou conception du programme. Pendant ces deux phases, nous modelisons l'interaction entre trois agents : l'agent apprenant (humain), l'agent professeur concepteur (logiciel) et l'agent compagnon concepteur (logiciel). Ces agents sont dotes d'une memoire et ils gerent un ensemble de cas de programmation. Nous avons choisi comme domaine d'application hypertalk, le langage de programmation de l'environnement hypercard. Pour la mise en uvre de ces trois agents nous proposons : - un ensemble d'outils cognitifs des agents. Ces outils ont ete concus en reponse a la question suivante : quels sont les outils que doivent avoir les agents en situation de resolution de problemes en collaboration ? nous proposons trois sortes d'outisl : les outils pour la realisation de la tache, les outils pour la collaboration et les outils de communication. - une structure de representation et d'indexation des cas : l'elaboration de l'architecture du systeme vygotsky est fondee sur le processus de collaboration entre les agents ; pour ce faire nous proposons une structure de representation et d'indexation des cas adaptee a des situations de collaboration. - un ensemble de protocoles de collaboration : en s'inspirant des protocoles reels utilises par des psychologues socio-constructivistes, nous proposons un modele informatique du processus collaboratif.

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Affonso, Dalva Mariana. "Uso de um objeto de aprendizagem no ensino de ciências tomando-se como referência a teoria sócio-construtivista de Vygotsky /". Bauru :, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90879.

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Orientador: Wilson Massashiro Yonezawa
Banca: Klaus Schlünzen Junior
Banca: Ana Maria de Andrade Caldeira
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar se o uso de um objeto de aprendizagem (OA) poderia auxiliar alunos do Ensino Fundamental a desenvolverem funções cognitivas sobre a digestão. A escolha do sistema digestório como conteúdo para a construção de um OA reside no fato de que é um assunto de sala de aula e que envolve questões sociais e ambientais, além dos próprios conceitos científicos inerentes ao assunto. A teoria sócio-construtivista de Vygotsky orientou essa pesquisa sobre o desenvolvimento dos conceitos científicos das alunas mediado pela interação com o OA digital. Os resultados mostraram que foi percebido a integração dos sistemas digestório, circulatório e respiratório após o trabalho das alunas com o OA. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho foi qualitativa, sendo os dados colhidos a partir de observações durante e após as aulas ministradas a alunas da 7ª série do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola estadual de Bauru. Diante dos resultados apresentados considera-se que a tecnologia da informação, mais especificamente um OA digital, oferece um potencial a ser explorado para melhoria do ensino e aprendizagem de conceitos científicos.
Abstract: A contemporary challenge is in front of science education: is it educated students able to realize the relationship between science and technology? This work will show how computer technology can be used as a tool for science teaching. The technology discussed here is a Digital Learning Object about the human digestive system. The students have your own ideas about the digestive system and these ideas are often discussed between teacher and the students. Our finding have suggested that computer technology can create new teaching possibilities. In addition the Learning Object has a significant effect on development scientific concepts.
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Kaczmarek, Derli. "MODELAGEM NO ENSINO DA MATEMÁTICA: UM VIÉS NA AÇÃO E INTERAÇÃO DO PROCESSO DE ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM". UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2014. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1369.

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The goal of this paper is to describe the actions and interactions of the students afforded by activities of Math Modelling and to establish possible relations with the Vygotsky's Theory. This way, the question put in investigation has been defined like this: what are the actions and interactions of the students identified in the activities of Math Modelling as from of Vygotsky's reference? Therefore, were described two activities developed using the Math Modelling assuming the conception adopted for Burak (2010). The data collect was realized in a public school in Araucária, in the metropolitan region of Curitiba, state of Paraná, local of work of the teacher and researcher. The research subjects are students from regular middle school, a 8th grade class and a 5th grade class, involving a total of 57 students. The notes in the diary field the activities development and of the comments held, the activities produced by students and their testimony, are part of this material of analisys. The research and the data treatment, putting emphasys on qualitative aspects, are ruled by Bogdan's and Biklen's perspectives (1994). The actions and interactions noticed and invariable in the data collected were discussed in Vygotsky's theory (2007; 2004; 1991; 1988). The signifiers from actions and interactions were considered as from the four-phase model of interest development proposed by Hidi and Renninger (2006), classified as Triggered Situational Interest, Maintained Situational Interest, Emerging Individual Interest, and Individual Interest. The actions classified signalize the process of the internalization the way of think and act, launched in relations with another one - the learning impelling the development. This way, actions noticed by the students, like learn, know, understand, measure, do, think, invent and talk, e.g., show themselves in Individual Interest as result of the Triggered Situational Interest generated by the environment of choice of theme of interest and the shared development of activities - in interactions. This fact corroborated the interest prominence and the other person's role in the individual development. It follows that the Math Modelling tie itself straightly in the Vygotsky's principles, and one is "What the child is able to do with assistance today, will do tomorrow alone". This is the path in the action and interaction in teaching learning mediated by Math Modelling.
Este trabalho tem por objetivo descrever as ações e interações dos estudantes proporcionadas pelas atividades da Modelagem Matemática e estabelecer possíveis relações com a Teoria de Vygotsky. Dessa forma, a questão colocada à investigação ficou assim definida: Que ações e interações, dos estudantes, são identificadas nas atividades de Modelagem Matemática a partir do referencial Vygotskyano? Para tanto, foram descritas duas atividades desenvolvidas utilizando-se a Modelagem Matemática assumindo-se a concepção adotada por Burak (2010). A coleta dos dados foi realizada em uma escola pública municipal de Araucária, região metropolitana de Curitiba-Pr, local de trabalho da professora e pesquisadora. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são estudantes do Ensino Fundamental regular, sendo uma turma de nono ano e outra turma de sexto ano, envolvendo um total de 57 estudantes. As anotações no diário de campo do desenvolvimento das atividades e das observações realizadas, as atividades produzidas pelos estudantes e os seus depoimentos, fazem parte do material de análise. A pesquisa e o tratamento de dados, com ênfase em aspectos qualitativos, são pautados na perspectiva de Bogdan e Biklen (1994). As ações e as interações, percebidas e constantes nos dados coletados, foram tratadas na perspectiva da teoria de Vygotsky (2007; 2004; 1991; 1988). Os significantes, das ações e interações, foram considerados a partir do modelo de quatro fases do desenvolvimento do interesse, proposto por Hidi e Renninger (2006), categorizadas nos focos de interesse de Motivação (ambiente), Sustentação Externa (tarefas significativas), Mobilização (emergência do interesse pessoal) e Aprendizagem Autônoma. As ações categorizadas sinalizaram o processo de internalização do modo de pensar e agir, iniciados nas relações com o outro – o aprendizado impulsionando o desenvolvimento. Dessa forma, ações pontuadas pelos estudantes, como aprender, conhecer, entender, medir, fazer, pensar, inventar e falar, por exemplo, se refletiram em Aprendizagem Autônoma em decorrência da Motivação gerada pelo ambiente da escolha do tema de interesse e do desenvolvimento compartilhado das atividades – nas interações. Este fato corroborou a relevância do interesse e do papel do outro no desenvolvimento individual. O que se conclui é que a Modelagem Matemática liga-se estreitamente aos postulados de Vygotsky de que ―aquilo que a criança é capaz de fazer com a assistência hoje, ela será capaz de fazer sozinha amanhã‖: esse é o viés na ação e interação do processo de ensino e aprendizagem mediado pela Modelagem Matemática. Palavras-chave: Modelagem Matemática; Ações e Interações; Vygotsky; Ensino e Aprendizagem.

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Fé, Maria Silvia Pinto Santa. "A imaginação no processo de ensino/aprendizagem: uma abordagem histórico-cultural". Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2012. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1870.

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This dissertation was to discuss the imagination and its relations with teaching/learning process. Contemporaneously is expected that school develops innovative and creative individual to face problems and therefore need the imagination, not understood in its reproductive dimension, but a creative imagination. This study observed that all psycho-pedagogical phenomena need to be a study that keeps a close proximity to the cultural and political phenomena. The main focus is a reflection on the role of the imagination as teaching/learning strategy in three areas of knowledge: Reading Procedures, Portuguese Language and Mathematics. Students were chosen of 3rd year of elementary school and the strategies used by the teacher in the classroom to promote child development by considering the repertoire and the abilities of each student. This work has as theoretical-methodological reference contributions of cultural historical psychology, in particular those made by L. S. Vygotsky beyond the theories developed in particular with A. R. Luria, A. N. Leontiev and its contributors. For analysis of the material collected used Bardin and Content Analysis.
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo discorrer sobre o papel da imaginação e sua relação com o processo de ensino/aprendizagem. Contemporaneamente espera-se que a escola forme indivíduos inovadores, criativos para enfrentar problemas e, para tal, precisa da imaginação, não entendida na sua dimensão reprodutora, mas uma imaginação criadora. Observa-se neste estudo que todo fenômeno psico-pedagógico necessita ser um estudo que mantenha uma proximidade com os fenômenos políticos e culturais. O foco principal é uma reflexão sobre o papel da imaginação como estratégia de otimização do processo de ensino-aprendizagem em três áreas do conhecimento: Procedimentos de Leitura, Língua Portuguesa e Matemática. Optou-se por alunos do 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental I e as estratégias utilizadas pela professora em sala de aula para promover o desenvolvimento da criança aproveitando o repertório e as habilidades de cada aluno. Este trabalho tem como referência teórico-metodológica as contribuições da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural, com ênfase nas teorias apresentadas por L. S. Vygotsky, além das elaboradas em especial com A. R. Luria, A. N. Leontiev e seus colaboradores. Para análise do material coletado utilizou-se L. Bardin e a Análise de Conteúdo.

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Marchenkova, Ludmila Alexandrovna. "Interpreting dialogue: Bakhtin’s theory and second language learning". The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1111777929.

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Gordon, Susan Eve. "Understanding Students Learning Statistics: An Activity Theory Approach". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/353.

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In this project I investigate university students orientations to learning statistics. The students who participated in my research were studying statistics as a compulsory component of their psychology course. My central thesis is that learning develops in the relationship between the thinking, feeling and acting person and the social, institutional and cultural contexts surrounding him or her. How students orient themselves or position themselves to learn statistics is reflected in their engagement with the learning task and their activities. These activities determine the quality of their learning and emerging knowledge. To understand student learning I draw on the powerful theories of Vygotsky (1962, 1978) and Leontev (1978, 1981). In particular, I extend and apply Leontev's construct of activity (Leontev, 1981). This suggests that individuals act in accordance with their purposes and needs which are shaped by and reflect histories and resources, both personal and cultural. My investigation consists of two studies. Study One is a qualitative exploration of the orientations to learning statistics of five older students. These students sought help with statistics at the Mathematics Learning Centre where I work. My case studies of these students are inseparable from my efforts to help them learn statistics. Study Two is grounded in Study One. The main source of data for this broader study is a survey which was completed by 279 psychology students studying statistics. In keeping with the theoretical framework, my methodology involves a holistic analysis of students and the milieu in which they act. My findings suggest relationships among students affective appraisals; their conceptions of statistics; their approaches to learning it; their evaluations and the outcomes of their actions. In Study One the relationships emerged from the students' descriptions. In Study Two I quantified the ways in which variables related to each other. Structure for the data was provided by means of correlations, factor analysis and cluster analysis. For this study I also interviewed students and teachers of statistics. My data support the systemic view of teaching and learning in context afforded by my theoretical perspective. Learning statistics involves the whole person (Semenov, 1978) and is inseparable from the arena of his or her actions. The goal of statistics education is surely to enable students to develop useful, meaningful knowledge. My findings suggest that for many of the participants in my project this goal was not being met. Most of these students reported their reluctance to learn statistics and described adopting primarily surface approaches to learning it. A range of conceptions of the subject was expressed, but for many of the students statistical meaning was evidently reduced to performance on assessment tasks. Such orientations to learning statistics may lead to it becoming irrelevant and inert information. For a few students, however, the experience of learning statistics led to self development and enhanced perspectives on the world in which we live. My project indicates the diversity of students' experiences. It raises issues as to why we teach statistics today and how the teaching and learning of statistics is being supported at university. //REFERENCES Leontev, A. N. (1978). Activity, Consciousness, and Personality. (M. J. Hall, Trans.). Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Leontev, A. N. (1981). The problem of activity in psychology. In J. V. Wertsch (Ed.), The Concept of Activity in Soviet Psychology, (pp. 37-71). New York: M. E. Sharpe. Semenov, N. (1978). An empirical psychological study of thought processes in creative problem-solving from the perspective of the theory of activity. Soviet Psychology, 16(1), 3-46. Vygotsky, L. S. (1962). Thought and Language. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The M.I.T. Press. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

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Gordon, Susan Eve. "Understanding Students Learning Statistics: An Activity Theory Approach". University of Sydney. School of Development and Learning, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/353.

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In this project I investigate university students orientations to learning statistics. The students who participated in my research were studying statistics as a compulsory component of their psychology course. My central thesis is that learning develops in the relationship between the thinking, feeling and acting person and the social, institutional and cultural contexts surrounding him or her. How students orient themselves or position themselves to learn statistics is reflected in their engagement with the learning task and their activities. These activities determine the quality of their learning and emerging knowledge. To understand student learning I draw on the powerful theories of Vygotsky (1962, 1978) and Leontev (1978, 1981). In particular, I extend and apply Leontev's construct of activity (Leontev, 1981). This suggests that individuals act in accordance with their purposes and needs which are shaped by and reflect histories and resources, both personal and cultural. My investigation consists of two studies. Study One is a qualitative exploration of the orientations to learning statistics of five older students. These students sought help with statistics at the Mathematics Learning Centre where I work. My case studies of these students are inseparable from my efforts to help them learn statistics. Study Two is grounded in Study One. The main source of data for this broader study is a survey which was completed by 279 psychology students studying statistics. In keeping with the theoretical framework, my methodology involves a holistic analysis of students and the milieu in which they act. My findings suggest relationships among students affective appraisals; their conceptions of statistics; their approaches to learning it; their evaluations and the outcomes of their actions. In Study One the relationships emerged from the students' descriptions. In Study Two I quantified the ways in which variables related to each other. Structure for the data was provided by means of correlations, factor analysis and cluster analysis. For this study I also interviewed students and teachers of statistics. My data support the systemic view of teaching and learning in context afforded by my theoretical perspective. Learning statistics involves the whole person (Semenov, 1978) and is inseparable from the arena of his or her actions. The goal of statistics education is surely to enable students to develop useful, meaningful knowledge. My findings suggest that for many of the participants in my project this goal was not being met. Most of these students reported their reluctance to learn statistics and described adopting primarily surface approaches to learning it. A range of conceptions of the subject was expressed, but for many of the students statistical meaning was evidently reduced to performance on assessment tasks. Such orientations to learning statistics may lead to it becoming irrelevant and inert information. For a few students, however, the experience of learning statistics led to self development and enhanced perspectives on the world in which we live. My project indicates the diversity of students' experiences. It raises issues as to why we teach statistics today and how the teaching and learning of statistics is being supported at university. //REFERENCES Leontev, A. N. (1978). Activity, Consciousness, and Personality. (M. J. Hall, Trans.). Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Leontev, A. N. (1981). The problem of activity in psychology. In J. V. Wertsch (Ed.), The Concept of Activity in Soviet Psychology, (pp. 37-71). New York: M. E. Sharpe. Semenov, N. (1978). An empirical psychological study of thought processes in creative problem-solving from the perspective of the theory of activity. Soviet Psychology, 16(1), 3-46. Vygotsky, L. S. (1962). Thought and Language. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The M.I.T. Press. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

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Araújo, Michely Santos. "Análise de interações professor-aluno com ênfase na afetividade em aulas de física no contexto da educação básica". Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2012. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5210.

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This dissertation is a study about affection in the classroom, in the school context, in a school of the federal teaching network in Sergipe, involving a subject like physics. When done, there was a concern for obtaining the viewpoints of both the professor of the discipline and his students about the interactions that involved them, particularly affective interactions. Information acquisition was accomplished in a second year classroom of a high school located in Grande Aracaju, of specific characteristics. The research tools included observation and recording of the developing classes, to apply a questionnaire on teacher interaction and interviews made to both teacher and six students chosen according to their scores in the discipline physics. The approach on affection in the views of Henri Wallon, Lev Vygotsky, Daniel Goleman and Howard Garner, among the main read authors, was adopted here for the analyses of data obtained. Based on this study, postural categories of proximity, responsiveness, attention, physical contact and facial expression related to the processes of teacher-student interaction were identified. Furthermore, the answers given to the questionnaire showed that teachers and students had a similar view on the profile of the teacher. This profile presents a major affective component that explains what was observed in classroom and corroborates what was expressed by each interviewed participant. The study, its methodology and forms of analysis, can help schools and teachers to improve their teaching duties.
Esta dissertação é um estudo realizado sobre a afetividade em sala de aula, no contexto do ensino médio em um colégio da rede federal de ensino de Sergipe, envolvendo uma disciplina como a física. Ao executá-lo, houve uma preocupação por obter os pontos de vista do professor da disciplina e dos seus alunos sobre as interações que os envolviam, particularmente as interações afetivas. A coleta de informações foi realizada em uma turma do segundo ano do ensino médio, situada na Grande Aracaju, de características específicas. Os instrumentos de pesquisa incluíram observação e registro do desenvolvimento de aulas, aplicação de um questionário sobre interação do professor e entrevistas com o professor da turma e com seis alunos selecionados segundo as médias que possuíam na disciplina física. A abordagem sobre a afetividade nas visões de Henri Wallon e Lev Vygotsky, entre os principais autores lidos, foi adotada aqui para parte das análises dos dados obtidos. Com base nesse estudo foram identificadas as categorias posturais de proximidade, receptividade, atenção, contato físico e expressão facial relacionadas aos processos da interação professoraluno. Além disso, através do levantamento das respostas do questionário, professor e alunos mostraram ter uma visão similar sobre o perfil do professor. Esse perfil apresenta uma componente afetiva importante que explica o observado em sala de aula e corrobora o manifestado por cada envolvido nas entrevistas. O estudo, com sua metodologia e formas de análise, poderá ajudar a escolas e professores a melhorar em suas funções de ensino.

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