Tesi: "Vygotskii"

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Whiteman, Peter John School of Music &amp Music Education UNSW. "How the bananas got their pyjamas: A study of the metamorphosis of preschoolers' spontaneous singing as viewed through Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Music and Music Education, 2001. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/17801.

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Throughout childhood, children experience the social semiotic of music in a variety of ways. As they sing, dance, move, and play, they enjoy making and listening to music. Childhood is also a time of immense change. During their early years, children grow and develop at a faster rate than at any other time in their lives, displaying an intense proliferation of ways of knowing about the world. As part of the industrious activity that accompanies this explosion of knowledge, children sing many songs. It is through sensitive investigation of these songs that we can begin to understand what children know about music, and the place that it is afforded in the social milieux within which they participate. Children???s songs have been the focus of investigation for a number of years, with a range of studies reporting on the manner in which they reflect musical development. Several researchers have reported on children???s songs from a developmental perspective, while others have focussed on the social and functional contexts of the songs. These various approaches have established some basic principles concerning the development of children???s musical skills and knowledge. It is accepted that as children mature, they are likely to exhibit changes in their musical understanding and abilities. However, the diverse range of inquiries that have been undertaken, although rigorous, have resulted in fragmented and irresolute information about the manner in which these changes take place. Research into all areas of children???s development has recently undergone a paradigm shift, with current views focussing on the agency of children and their development within a social context. Such perspectives view the acquisition of knowledge as a dynamic process that occurs as children interact with others, and therefore place great importance on a range of environments in which this knowledge gain takes place. This thesis reports on a 3-year longitudinal study of eight preschool-aged children who were attending a long day care centre in Sydney. Regular video-recordings were made of the children???s spontaneous singing during free play, with each child recorded approximately once per month. Camera tapes were examined and all examples of the participants??? singing were transferred to VHS tapes for transcription and analysis. The resulting 443 songs were transcribed using Western notation, and each play episode and associated song then coded for musical aspects such as song type, melodic range and level of temporal organisation, as well as social aspects such as song function and social roles taken on by the children. The notion of social role was informed by Vygotsky???s Zone of Proximal Development. In addition to base data such as the child???s name and the date of the observation, the resultant dataset was transferred to a qualitative software package (NUD???IST) for subsequent analysis and interpretation. Results of the study indicate that the children used songs for specific purposes, and that patterns of musical development were distinctly different for each child. While interacting with their playmates, the children used both explicit and implicit tools to acquire and transmit musical signs. During this process, the status of knowledgeable other was often conferred on a playmate by a less knowledgeable member of the group, and was not solely dependent on chronological age. The results exhibit some congruence with prior studies, especially those for which the social context of music-making was an important consideration. The findings expand previous developmentally-based investigations by showing that conceptions based on a unidirectional model of musical development, closely linked to chronological age, need to be refined to consider the diversity of social contexts and generative processes within which children???s musical cultures can be defined. The current study supports a modular conception of musical development allied with recent social reconstructions of childhood. Some substantiation of previously reported Western musical universals was found in the children???s production of a specific form of chant, and their ability to operate within meaningful musical units such as phrases. The thesis includes a discussion of practical and theoretical implications that arise from the findings. Several implications for the classroom are offered. Among the most important are that children???s musical constructions should be utilised as important components of planned teaching and learning experiences, because they are capable of producing sophisticated music if afforded the opportunity to do so. Careful observation of existing musical knowledge and its incorporation in teachers??? programming will facilitate an efficient and appropriate mode of teaching and learning, based on the needs and interests of the children. As the children were able to scaffold each other in the process of transmitting and acquiring musical knowledge, it appears advantageous to group them in mixed ages for at least some part of the week. However, without some intervention on the part of the teacher, it seems that they would likely rely on a fairly restricted collection of scaffolding behaviours. Additional research is recommended to determine the value of a number of strategies that can be used to meet the musical needs of preschool-aged children beyond the current research site. Indeed, the outcomes of the study question the importance of striving for a unidirectional model of musical development, immersed in the veil of teleology, and suggest that further research be undertaken in the area of children???s songs, which acknowledges the social agency of children, and their roles in their own musical cultures.

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Gonçalves, Cleidilene Alves de Araújo. "Calorias dos alimentos : uma abordagem temática e lúdica para o ensino de termoquímica". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFOP, 2016. http://200.239.128.16/handle/123456789/6361.

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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.
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O principal objetivo desse trabalho foi relacionar alguns conceitos estudados em termoquímica como energia, calor, temperatura e caloria com o valor energético dos alimentos. A partir dos alimentos o ser humano encontra nutrientes como fonte de energia para a realização das diversas funções orgânicas. A energia de uma forma geral é de fundamental importância para a evolução tecnológica de um país, que busca incessantemente condições de fornecê-la para o desenvolvimento social da população. Nesta pesquisa o tipo de energia analisada vem dos alimentos, sendo de igual modo importante, pois cada dia mais as pessoas têm se preocupado com a saúde e a obesidade. Para melhor entendimento desse conteúdo e aproximação ao cotidiano dos estudantes, foi desenvolvida uma sequência didática associando aula dialógica expositiva, atividade experimental e atividade lúdica. A aplicação da aula dialógica expositiva possibilitou a participação ativa dos estudantes. A partir dessa troca de informações, foi desenvolvida uma atividade experimental com o uso de um calorímetro alternativo, para compreensão das trocas de calor na queima do alimento. Foi realizada uma atividade lúdica com a participação do professor e dos estudantes, permitindo a interação e a colaboração entre os participantes mais capazes. Essa atividade foi realizada de forma cooperativa entre dois ou mais indivíduos, estratégia que proporciona a oportunidade para a imitação e aprendizagem de acordo com a zona proximal de Vygotsky, possibilitando o processo de construção do conhecimento. A partir do uso de atividades lúdicas foi observado o desenvolvimento cognitivo dos estudantes. Essa ação além de prazerosa e divertida teve um papel importante na assimilação dos conceitos de ciências investigados. _______________________________________________________________________________________
ABSTRACT: The major purpose of this work was relate some studied concepts at thermochemical such as energy, heat, temperature and calorie with the energy value of the foods. From the food, the human encounters nutrients as a source of energy for carrying out the various organic functions. The energy, in general, is of fundamental importance for the technological evolution of a country, which seeking constantly conditions to provide it for the social development of the population. In this research, the type of energy analyzed come from the food, it equally important, because every day more people are worried about your health and obesity. For better understanding of this content and approach to the daily life of the students, a didactic sequence was developed associating expository dialogic class, experimental activity and ludic activity. The application of expository dialogical class enabled the active participation of the students. From this exchange of information, an experimental activity with the use of an alternative calorimeter was developed for understanding the exchange of heat in the burning of the food. A ludic activity with the participation of teachers and students was held, allowing interaction and collaboration between the most able participants. This activity was carried out cooperatively between two or more individuals, a strategy that provides the opportunity for imitation and learning according to the proximal zone of Vygotsky, enabling the knowledge construction process. From the use of ludic activities, cognitive development of students was observed. This action beyond pleasant and entertaining played an important role in the assimilation of the concepts of science investigated.

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[UNESP], Sant'ana Regiane Ferreira. "Atividade humana e atividade da mediação dialético-pedagógica: colaborações de Vigotski". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99182.

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A dificuldade no ensino da matemática, reiteradamente apontada pelos professores, é evidenciada pelos baixos índices de aprendizagem dos alunos, segundo os dados divulgados pelas avaliações externas que recaem sobre a educação escolar brasileira. Investigar a organização das aulas, para então discutir sobre uma proposição teórica e metodológica para as mesmas, é o objetivo central desta dissertação. Diante do exposto, e por entender que uma correta organização e desenvolvimento dos conceitos pode colaborar para a aprendizagem destes, visamos desenvolver uma proposição metodológica para a aula coerente com o materialismo histórico dialético, a partir de atividade que desenvolva conceitos e esteja fundamentada nas categorias atividade mediada1 e mediação dialética e pedagógica2, as quais serão estudadas no decorrer dos capítulos. A intenção desta investigação é a de colaborar com as discussões atuais sobre o ensino e aprendizagem de matemática em sala de aula, elaborando, a partir das categorias citadas, um corpo teórico que envolva a organização metodológica do conceito, o seu desenvolvimento e a sua avaliação como alternativa metodológica que proporciona aos alunos a elaboração dos conceitos matemáticos por meio da superação
The difficulty in teaching mathematics, repeatedly pointed out by teachers, is evidenced by low levels of students’ learning, according to data released through the ratings that are attributed to Brazilian education. To investigate classes organization and then discuss about a theoretical and methodological proposition for these classes is the fundamental objective of this essay. Considering the above and our belief (that the correct organization and development of concepts can help their learning), we aim to develop a methodological proposition for the math class as an educational activity that develops concepts from the categories mediated activity1 and dialectical and educational mediation2. The intent of this research is to collaborate with the current discussions about teaching and learning mathematics preparing, from the categories mentioned above, a theoretical methodology involving the organization of the concept, its development and its evaluation as a methodological alternative, which provides students with the creation of mathematical concepts by overcoming their difficulties

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Alves, Alvaro Marcel Palomo [UNESP]. "As teorias do jogo infantil de Vygotsky e Winnicott: uma análise intersubjetiva". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105591.

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O jogo se configura numa das mais antigas atividades humanas. Repleto de significados foi incorporado na linguagem, na arte, na religião e na cultura em geral. Seus estudiosos se estendem pela Filosofia (WITTGEINSTEIN, 1958; HUIZINGA, 1991; SCHILLER, 1995), História (ARIÈS, 1978; CAILLOIS, 1958), Teoria da Comunicação (POSTMAN, 1994), Antropologia (GEERTZ, 1989; MALINOWSKI, 1978) e inevitavelmente pela Educação e Psicologia. Embora nos reportemos com freqüência as demais ciências, nosso trabalho se insere numa tradição psicológica. Buscamos nas teorias do psicólogo russo Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) e do psicanalista inglês Donald Winnicott (1896-1971) uma alternativa para a compreensão do jogo infantil e seu significado na produção da subjetividade. Partimos da apresentação dos autores e suas respectivas biografias intelectuais, detalhando suas concepções de indivíduo, sujeito e meio (social, ambiental e cultural), para em seguida explorarmos conceitualmente zonas de sentido entre suas teorias. Na direção metodológica encaminhamos a discussão a partir da Epistemologia Qualitativa desenvolvida por Gonzalez Rey, criando zonas de sentido entre as concepções de ambiente e jogo infantil. Diante da morte precoce de Vygotsky e a consequente interrupção das suas pesquisas sobre o jogo, buscamos nas teorias dos seus alunos e colaboradores - principalmente Leontiev e Elkonin - os princípios ontogenéticos do jogo infantil complementares à explanação vigotskiana. Defendemos que uma teoria do jogo infantil deve buscar origens nas relações sociais mais primitivas do indivíduo, bem como no uso mais precoce que este faz dos objetos. Tais relações foram amplamente detalhadas por Winnicott na sua teoria dos fenômenos e objetos transicionais e acreditamos que podem ser relevantes para a compreensão do jogo protagonizado, tal qual desenvolvido por Elkonin e Vygotsky
The game is set in one of the oldest human activities. It was full of meanings embedded in language, art, religion, and culture in general. His scholars extend the Philosophy (WITTGEINSTEIN, 1958; HUIZINGA, 1991; SCHILLER, 1995), History (ARIÈS, 1978; CAILLOIS, 1958), Communication Theory (POSTMAN, 1994), Antropology (GEERTZ, 1989; MALINOWSKI, 1978) and inevitably for Education and Psychology. Although we refer frequently to other sciences, our work is part of a psychological tradition. We seek theories of the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) and the English psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott (1896-1971) an alternative to the understanding of children's play and its significance in the production of subjectivity. We start from the presentation of the authors and their intellectual biographies, detailing their conceptions of individual, subject and the environment (social, environmental and cultural), then to conceptually explore areas of meaning between their theories. Following toward a methodological discussion, we discuss the Qualitative Epistemology developed by Gonzalez-Rey, creating zones of meaning between the concepts of environment and children's game. Given the early death of Vygotsky and the consequent disruption of their research into the game, we turn to the theories of his students and collaborators - mostly Leontiev and Elkonin – with the principles ontogenetic children's game, a complementary explanation to Vygotsky’s theory. We argue that a theory of children's play should seek origins in more primitive social relations of the individual as well as the earlier use of objects that he makes. Such relationships have been widely detailed by Winnicott in his theory of phenomena and transitional objects, and we believe may be relevant to understanding the game played in children, as it was developed by Eldkonin and Vygotsky

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Silva, Luciene de Fátima da [UNESP]. "Um estudo da monitoria de licenciandos em um centro de ciências para a melhoria da formação inicial de professores de física". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90917.

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A presente dissertação buscou investigar e diagnosticar a qualidade da formação docente de licenciandos de um curso de Física por meio de sua atuação como monitores em um centro de ciências. Participaram da pesquisa seis alunos do Curso de Licenciatura em Física da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFF - aos quais foram propostas a apresentação, a alunos do ensino fundamental de escolas da região, de duas demonstrações experimentais disponíveis no centro de ciências dessa universidade: 1) Arrepiar cabelos e II) Cama e banco de pregos. Foram investigadas as estratégias didáticas utilizadas pelos licenciandos-monitores e o domínio conceitual dos conteúdos apresentados, utilizando-se material empírico por mieo de anotação das apresentaçõpes das demonstrações experimentais. A análise das apresentações baseou-se no processo de formação de conceitos e na interrelação entre conceitos científicos apresentados pela Teoria Sócio-hiostórica de Vygostsky e nos construtos teóricos, definição de situação, a intersubjetividade e mediação semiótica, sugerido por Werstch (1984) para a melhor compreensão do conceito de Vygotskyano de zona de desenvolvimento imediato. Os resultados mostraram, de um lado, a deficiente formação pedagógica e conceitual dos licenciandos investigados em relação as demonstrações apresentadas e, de outro, a validade da utilização do ambiente de um centro de ciências para diagnosticar e aprimorar a qualidade da formação inicial de licenciados em Física
In this work, we sought to investigate and diagnose the quality of teacher education of undergraduates in courses in Physics, through their role as monitors in a science center. Six students of Physics form the Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF) participated of research, to whom where proposed presentation, to elementary students from area schools, of two experimental demonstrations available at the Science Center of this University: (a) ruffling hairs and (b) bank and bed of nails. Some teaching strategies used by undergraduates-monitors and conceptual domain of content submitted were investigated, using empirical data obtained data obtained by the annotation of presentations of experimental demonstrations. The analysis of the presentations was based on the process of formation of concepts and the interrelationship between scientific conceps presented by Socio-historical Theory of Vygotsky and the theoretical constructs, definition of situation, intersubjectivity and semiotic mediation, suggested by Wertsch (1984) for a better understanding of the concept Vygotskian of the Zone of Proximal Development. The results showed, on the one hand, a defective conceptual and pedagogical training of undergraduates investigated in relation to statements made and, on the other hand, the validity of using the environment of a science center to diagnose and improve the quality of training of undergraduates in Physics

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SILVA, JÚNIOR Augusto Márcio da. "Microgênese do desenvolvimento sociocultural do raciocínio lógico-matemático mediado por tecnologias educacionais". Universidade Federal de Alfenas, 2018. https://bdtd.unifal-mg.edu.br:8443/handle/tede/1117.

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Adota-se como premissa desta pesquisa aplicada obter indícios do desenvolvimento de habilidades de raciocínio lógico-matemático pela aprendizagem em programação em blocos, mediada pela utilização de tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação. Para tal, realizaram-se capacitações online, com pessoas de diferentes faixas etárias e escolaridade, via ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA) Moodle, configuradas de modo a fomentar as interações entre os participantes utilizando como base as teorias socioculturais. Outrossim, introduziram-se os princípios da computação e pensamento computacional com foco nas ferramentas Code.org e Scratch, consistindo em um ambiente de educação online com múltiplos desafios divididos em etapas e graus de dificuldade. Os resultados indicaram que a proposta teve o principal resultado esperado (melhoria no raciocínio lógico-matemático) fora alcançado. Além disso, houve a percepção positiva de melhora na resolução de problemas do cotidiano, indicando a proposta como promissora para o ensino-aprendizagem do pensamento computacional e da programação em blocos.
It is adopted as a premise of this applied research to get indications of the development of logical-mathematical reasoning abilities by the learning in programming in blocks, mediated by the use of digital technologies of information and communication. To this end, online trainings were carried out, with people of different age groups and schooling, via virtual learning environment (AVA) Moodle, configured in order to foster interactions among participants based on sociocultural theories. In addition, the principles of computation and computational thinking focused on the Code.org and Scratch tools were introduced, consisting of an online education environment with multiple challenges divided into stages and degrees of difficulty. The results indicated that the proposal had the main expected result (improvement in logical-mathematical reasoning). In addition, there was a positive perception of improvement in the resolution of everyday problems, indicating the proposal as promising for the teaching-learning of computational thinking and block programming.

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Rabatini, Vanessa Gertrudes [UNESP]. "A concepção de cultura em Bruner e Vigotski: implicações para a educação escolar". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92407.

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A presente pesquisa de mestrado teve como objetivo analisar a concepção de cultura em obras selecionadas do psicólogo norte-americano Jerome Bruner e do psicólogo soviético Lev Semenovich Vigotski e as suas implicações para a Educação Escolar. Este trabalho é fruto de uma pesquisa de iniciação científica, que analisou as concepções de escola em autores contemporâneos sob a perspectiva da Teoria da Atividade, comparando-as com as ideias pedagógicas contidas nos trabalhos de Vigotski, Leontiev e Luria. No decorrer dessa pesquisa constatou-se que muitas dessas concepções sobre a escola eram perpassadas pela questão da cultura. Portanto, com o objetivo de um estudo aprofundado, selecionamos autores como Bruner e Vigotski porque ambos desenvolveram uma concepção de cultura que traz várias implicações para a Educação Escolar na atualidade. Para analisar a cultura nas obras de Bruner e Vigotski, procedemos inicialmente a uma primeira leitura exploratória por meio da qual apreendemos de suas obras núcleos teóricos conceituais, sejam eles: universo simbólico, narrativa e comunidade cultural, para o primeiro autor; e natureza social do psiquismo, signos ou instrumentos culturais e função psíquica superior, para o segundo autor. Feito isso, realizamos uma análise comparativa dessa concepção e constatamos que Bruner transita em um veio fenomenológico hermenêutico, afirmando premissas da pós-modernidade e do multiculturalismo; enquanto Vigotski em uma vertente materialista histórico-dialética sustenta a ontologia do ser ligado à sua historicidade e às relações sociais. No que tange a análise dialética singular-particular-universal, concluímos que a concepção de cultura entre os dois autores se distancia. Para Bruner essa concepção é focada na particularidade aparente, já Vigotski, entende que a prática humana, na qual se inclui a produção da cultura,...
The objective of this master’s research was to analyze the concept of culture in selected works of the North American psychologist, Jerome Bruner, and of the Soviet psychologist, Lev Semenovich Vigotski, and the implications for school education. This work is the result of scientific initiation research and is an analysis of the concept of school in the writings of contemporary authors, from the perspective of the activity theory, comparing these concepts with the pedagogical ideas in the work of Vigotski, Leontiev and Luria. During the research, it was found that many of these concepts of school are imbued with the issue of culture. In order to carry out an in-depth study, we selected authors like Bruner and Vigotski, as both developed a concept of culture that has various implications for school education today. To analyze the concept of culture in the work of Bruner and Vigotski, we began with an initial exploratory reading through which we grasped the existence in their work of a theoreticalconceptual unity, as follows: symbolic universe, cultural narrative and community in the case of the first author, and the social nature of psychism, signs or cultural instruments, and superior psychic function, in the case of the second author. That done, we carried out a comparative analysis of this conception and found that Bruner follows a hermeneutic phenomenological vein, affirming the premises of postmodernism and multiculturalism, while Vigotski, from a materialistic, historical-dialectic angle, supports the ontology of being linked to his historicity and social relations. With regard to the singular-particular-universal dialectic analysis, we concluded that the conception of culture is distant when comparing these two authors. For Bruner, the conception is focused on particularity, while for Vigotski, it is human practice, including the production of culture, which always contains the ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Bartfai, Sara. "Algoritmen som kulturellt redskap : Fyra elevers förståelse av additionsalgoritmen". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30927.

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The aim of this investigation has been to examine four students, in a second grade class in Stockholm, understanding of the addition algorithm. A small field study has been carried out including both interviews and classroom studies. Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory and more specifically the concepts of mediation and cultural tools have been applied. Vygotsky asserts that our contact with the world is mediated by cultural tools. The addition algorithm is in this thesis seen as a cultural tool that the students are to appropriate. The results show a variation of the student’s understanding of the addition algorithm. Most importantly it shows that it is possible for students to “say more than they know” with the use of the algorithm. It is difficult to see how much a student really understand of a mathematical concept and easier to see if they do not understand it or are using it in an inappropriate way. Therefore it is necessary for teachers to form a dialogue with the students and ask them why they do as they do while using different mathematical concepts, such as addition algorithms, to acquire a perception of their mathematical understanding.

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Gustafsson, Håkan. "Vygotskij och Leontjev om lek". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-33868.

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Den här uppsatsen handlar om de sovjetiska psykologerna Vygotskij och Leontjevs teoretiska perspektiv på lek, så som Vygotkji presenterar sin teori i förläsningen Lekens roll i barnets psykiska utveckling 1933 (1981) och så som Leontjev presenterar sin teori i artikeln Lekens psykologiska grundvalar i förskoleåldern 1944 (1982). Den här uppsatsen bygger på en kvalitativ hermeneutisk textanalys av dessa två källor, och ställer sig frågan vad Vygotskijs och Leontjevs teorier betyder? Analysen anlägger dels ett hermeneutiskt historiskt perspektiv och dels ett nutids historiskt pedagogiskt perspektiv. För det nutidspedagogiska perspektivet använder jag mig av det skandinaviska forskningsfältet lekpedagogik, framför allt Birgitta Knutsdotter Olofsson, Fredrik Ole Lillemyr och Gunilla Lindqvist. För det hermeneutiskt historiska perspektivet använder jag mig av en kvalitativ textanalys där jag har systematiserat de två texterna i vardera tre analysteman. Vygotskijs föreläsning har jag sammanfattat och tolkat utifrån följande analysteman: förändrade handlingsmotiv, separationen mellan det visuella fältet och betydelsefältet och sambandet mellan rollek och regellek. Leontjevs artikel har jag sammanfattat och tolkat utifrån analystemana förändrade handlingsmotiv, leken som reproduktion och sambandet mellan rollek och regellek. Samtliga av analystemana är hermeneutiska delar av respektive texters helheter. Temana har jag analyserat dels som bryt- och beröringspunkter mellan Vygotskij och Leontjev och dels utifrån de begrepp som ligger till grund för den kulturhistoriska teorin.I analysen kommer jag fram till att förändrade handlingsmotiv ligger till grund för både Vygotskij och Leontjevs teorier, även om de skiljer sig åt något i sina respektive definitioner. Vidare kommer jag fram till att både Vygotskij och Leontjev baserar sin syn på utvecklingen av barns lek från rollek till regellek på en liknande historiegenetisk analys. Den stora skillnaden, som jag har funnit i min analys, är att Leontjev behandlar leken som ett yttre fenomen, som en verksamhet, medan Vygotskij behandlar leken som ett inre-yttre fenomen. Alltså som en verksamhet men också som en inre process där barnets idéer, emotioner och fantasi driver leken.
This essay discusses the theories on children’s play of two sovjetic psychologists: Lev S. Vygotsky and Aleksei N. Leontiev. It focuses specifically on Vygotsky’s lecture Play and its role in the Mental Development of the Child from 1933, and on Leontiev’s article The Psychological Principles of Preschool Play from 1944. Through a qualitative hermeneutic textual analysis of these two sources, the essay explores the meaning of Vygotsky’s and Leontiev’s theories, both from a hermeneutical, historical perspective, and a contemporary historical, educational perspective. The contemporary pedagogical perspective is based primarily on the Scandinavian research field of “play pedagogy”, and the research of Birgitta Knutsdotter Olofsson, Fredrik Ole Lillemyr and Gunilla Lindqvist. The hermeneutical, historical perspective is present through a qualitative text analysis. In this analysis, the contents of the two texts are systematized and interpreted with the use of three analytical themes. In Vygotsky’s lecture, the following themes are identified: changing motives of action, the separation between the visual field and the meaning field and the relationship between role play and rule play. In Leontiev’s article, these three themes are found: changing motives of action, play as reproduction, and the relationship between role play and rule play. All of the analytical themes are hermeneutic parts of the texts as a whole. The themes are analyzed both as differences and similarities between Vygotsky and Leontiev, and also as concepts that form the basis for the cultural-historical theory. The analysis show that the theme of changing action motives is at the base of both Vygotsky’s and Leontiev’s theories, although their definitions of this theme differ somewhat. The study also found that both Vygotsky and Leontiev based their theories on the development of children's play from role play to rule play on a similar historical genetic analysis. The major difference found between Vygotsky and Leontiev is that Leontjev treats play primarily as an external phenomenon and as an external activity, whereas Vygotsky treats play both as an external activity, like Leontiev, and as an internal process, in which the child's ideas, emotions and imagination drives play forward.

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Gomes, Francine Lopes [UNESP]. "Lineamentos da atividade mediadora em Vygotski". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90315.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Este trabalho pretende apresentar os lineamentos da atividade mediadora captada por Vygotski a partir da apreensão das determinações do desenvolvimento do comportamento e do psiquismo humanos. A pesquisa apontou que no processo de desdobrar-se em ser humano do homem ressalta-se a importância fundamental da apropriação das objetivações humano-genéricas que constituem fundamento e impulso essencial para a formação psicológica humana sendo que, no âmbito do desenvolvimento do comportamento e psiquismo, esta apropriação ocorre por meio da atividade mediadora. Esta investigação pautou-se em pesquisa bibliográfica e na análise imanente das seguintes obras: Instrumento e Signo no Desenvolvimento da Criança – trabalho escrito em conjunto com A. R. Luria –, História do Desenvolvimento das Funções Psíquicas Superiores e Pensamento e Linguagem. Além disso, também se buscou recuperar, ainda que de modo limitado ao objetivo desta pesquisa, a complexa discussão sobre como se concretizou a gênese do ser humano, aspecto essencial para a consideração da arquitetônica vygotskiana, a partir das observações de Lukács em Para uma Ontologia do Ser Social (1979).
This work intends to expose the mediated activity lineaments grabed by Vygotski coming out of an appreehension from the human behavior development and psyche determinations. The research seized that on the very proccess of men’s being human accentuates the main significance of appropriation of human’s generic objectivations which composes the basis and impulse to the psychological constitution that on the behavior and psyche development occur through mediated activity. This investigation had occured based on bibliographic research and through immanent analysis of the following works: Tool and Sign in the Development of the Child – co-authored by A. R. Luria –, History of the Development of Higher Mental Functions and Cognition and Language. Besides, even restrict for this research object, it was attempted to recover a complex discussion about the human being genesis on the G. Lukacs’s Ontology of Social Being (1979), an essential matter to the vigostkian architecture.

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Gomes, Francine Lopes. "Lineamentos da atividade mediadora em Vygotski /". Araraquara : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90315.

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Orientador: José Luís Vieira de Almeida
Banca: Newton Duarte
Banca: Celso do Prado Ferraz de Carvalho
Resumo: Este trabalho pretende apresentar os lineamentos da atividade mediadora captada por Vygotski a partir da apreensão das determinações do desenvolvimento do comportamento e do psiquismo humanos. A pesquisa apontou que no processo de desdobrar-se em ser humano do homem ressalta-se a importância fundamental da apropriação das objetivações humano-genéricas que constituem fundamento e impulso essencial para a formação psicológica humana sendo que, no âmbito do desenvolvimento do comportamento e psiquismo, esta apropriação ocorre por meio da atividade mediadora. Esta investigação pautou-se em pesquisa bibliográfica e na análise imanente das seguintes obras: Instrumento e Signo no Desenvolvimento da Criança - trabalho escrito em conjunto com A. R. Luria -, História do Desenvolvimento das Funções Psíquicas Superiores e Pensamento e Linguagem. Além disso, também se buscou recuperar, ainda que de modo limitado ao objetivo desta pesquisa, a complexa discussão sobre como se concretizou a gênese do ser humano, aspecto essencial para a consideração da arquitetônica vygotskiana, a partir das observações de Lukács em Para uma Ontologia do Ser Social (1979).
Abstract: This work intends to expose the mediated activity lineaments grabed by Vygotski coming out of an appreehension from the human behavior development and psyche determinations. The research seized that on the very proccess of men's being human accentuates the main significance of appropriation of human's generic objectivations which composes the basis and impulse to the psychological constitution that on the behavior and psyche development occur through mediated activity. This investigation had occured based on bibliographic research and through immanent analysis of the following works: Tool and Sign in the Development of the Child - co-authored by A. R. Luria -, History of the Development of Higher Mental Functions and Cognition and Language. Besides, even restrict for this research object, it was attempted to recover a complex discussion about the human being genesis on the G. Lukacs's Ontology of Social Being (1979), an essential matter to the vigostkian architecture.
Mestre

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Weber, Sueli Wolff. "Gramsci e Vygotsky". Florianópolis, SC, 1998. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/77359.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação.
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A presente dissertação faz um estudo comparativo entre o pensamento de

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Pettersson, Jeanette. "Vygotskij genom Strandberg : Fungerar hans metoder fortfarande idag?" Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-37482.

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Barnham, Chris. "Peirce, Vygotsky and concept formation". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10059118/.

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The purpose of this thesis to explore the theoretical similarities between Peirce and Vygotsky with respect to the process of concept formation. It is acknowledged that these two thinkers are seldom associated with each other in relation to the learning process. Peirce is seen as one of the founders of modern semiotics, but he is rarely linked with the activity of concept formation itself. Vygotsky, whilst associated with the latter, is not interpreted as a semiotician - even though he sometimes uses the terminology of signs. It will be argued in the course of this thesis, however, that their views are closer to each other than is commonly recognised and that this convergence derives from the influence of Hegel. In the case of Peirce, Hegel is often viewed in negative terms - as a philosophical legacy that Peirce is reacting against. It will be argued that this interpretation overlooks the deeper impact of Hegelian thought in terms of how Peirce constructs his semiotics. Indeed, an Hegelian interpretation of concept formation helps reframe Peirce's account of the 'mediating' sign, the notion of the 'determined' sign, and the role of the 'object' in his triadic structure. Moreover, the reference point of Hegel creates an opportunity to re-evaluate Peirce's icon, index and symbol. Hegel's influence on Vygotsky is more frequently acknowledged, but seldom pursued in detail by commentators who often draw Vygotsky into a more social account of meaning construction. Full recognition of Hegel's influence on Vygotsky, however, has the effect of reframing his notion of 'mediation', and making his account of concept formation less focused on the social dimension than is commonly recognised. The overall effect of these arguments is to reposition Vygotsky's 'natural history of the sign' in a framework that parallels Peirce's own account of sign formation. There remain, of course, important differences in the approaches of Peirce and Vygotsky, and these will be highlighted in the course of the discussion. But the broader perspective outlined below suggests that there should be greater recognition of their philosophical similarities.

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Santos, Emerson Izidoro dos [UNESP]. "Física no ensino fundamental: formação continuada de professores de Ciências em uma perspectiva sócio-histórica". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102049.

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Apresentamos nesse trabalho uma proposta de formação continuada de professores de ciências fundamentada na teoria sócio-histórica de Vigotski. Para testar a validade dessa proposta aplicamos seus fundamentos em um curso de extensão oferecido para professores de ciências do ensino fundamental (ciclo II) - Física no Ensino Fundamental: Atividades interdisciplinares em uma perscpectiva sociocultural - oferecido a professores de ciências em exercício. A partir desse estudo estabelecemos alguns critérios de análise para a avaliação das escolhas entre diferentes abordagens didáticas. Nossos estudos apontam para a necessidade de que a atividade de sala de aula seja analisada a partir de múltiplos aspectos que envolvem não apenas a esfera conceitual e a ação do professor e do aluno isoladamente, mas também e principalmente aqueles ligados às interações sociais presentes no ambiente da sala de aula. Para análise das interações discursivas utilizamos como referencial teórico a semiótica de Greimas. Concluímos que professores em formação são capazes de avançar na adoção de novas práticas a partir de troca de experiências com seus pares, desenvolvendo a partir dessas trocas e com o aporte de novos conteúdos trazidos por especialistas atividades didáticas inovadoras. Assim, apresentamos e avaliamos nossa proposta de um modelo sócio-histórico de formação de professores
We present in this paper a proposal for continuing education of science teachers based on socio-historical theory of Vigotsky. To test the validity of the proposal we applied its foundations in an extension course offered for science teachers of elementary school (5th - 8th grades) - Physics k-8 school: interdisciplinary activities in a sociocultural perspective - offered to science teachers in service. From this study we established some criteria analysis to evaluate the choices between different approaches to teaching. Our studies point to the need for the activity of the classroom be examined from multiple aspects involving not only the conceptual realm and actions of the teacher and the student in isolation, but also and mainly, those related to social interactions in the classroom environmental. For analysis of the discursive interactions we used as a theoretical foundation the semiotics of Greimas. We conclude that training teachers are capable of advancing the adoption of new practices from sharing experiences with peers, developing from these exchanges and with the input or new content brought by specialists innovative teaching activities. Thus, we belive our after proposal for a social-historical model of teaching training

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Loy, Kevin John. "Effective teacher communication skills and teacher quality". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1141847591.

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Derry, Janice. "Vygotsky and his critics : philosophy and rationality". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2003. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10006647/.

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This thesis is concerned with the philosophi~ background of Vygotsky's work. Vygotsky himself made clear that it was not only Marx who influenced him, but also Spinoza and Hegel. Most commentaries on Vygotsky have failed to consider the influence of Spinoza and Hegel on his work. Recent commentators interpret aspects ofVygotsky's work as being based upon Enlightenment philosophy and attribute to him a position of abstract rationality. In taking issue with these interpretations the thesis not only reacts to the criticism made of Vygotsky but also suggests that much of value in his education theory is lost if it is taken out of its original philosophic context and set in an alien framework. Vygotsky was absolutely steeped in the philosophy of Spinoza and Hegel and it was this which allowed him to develop original ideas on thought, language and mind. Vygotsky's tum to Spinoza and to Hegel would seem to put him outside the mainstream of modem Anglo-American thought, yet it is precisely this field of thought which in the last few years has raised questions that are bringing Hegel back into the mainstream. A study of Vygotsky's philosophy helps bring to light and to question the philosophic presuppositions of much contemporary work on educational theory and policy. This thesis addresses critical questions in Vygotsky theory and post-Vygotskian research. Its starting point is the question of sociogenesis of mind and chapters 2 and 3 consider recent writings on this issue and the related questions of constructivism and situated cognition. Chapter 4 reconsiders the opposition between Vygotsky and Piaget to carry the question of constructivism a step forward and to introduce the philosophic influences on Vygotsky's work which are then considered more fully in chapters 5, 6 and 7. 2

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Andersson, Svetlana, e Iréne Elmefeldt. "Spår av grundtankar i Vygotskijs teori i gymnasieskolan : En studie om hur Vygotskijs socio-kulturella teoribildning återspeglas i gymnasielärares syn på lärande". Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-3725.

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Syftet med studien var att genom gymnasielärares utsagor söka spår av grundtankar i Vygotskijs teoribildning i deras syn på lärande. Detta för att ta reda på vilka kriterier lärare utgår ifrån när de gör sina didaktiska val i undervisningen och på vilket sätt Vygotskijs grundtankar återspeglas i lärares syn på lärande.

Vår studie grundar sig på kvalitativa intervjuer. I undersökningen deltog fyra lärare på två gymnasieskolor. Efter att materialet var transkriberat, gjordes en analys utifrån de fyra aspekterna som kännetecknar ett socio-kulturellt perspektiv enligt Vygotskij: de sociala, de medierande, de situerade och de kreativa med betoning på lärarroll och lärande. Vi använde oss av en hermeneutisk ansats för att analysera resultatet där vi använde relevant forskning för att förstärka vår tolkning av respondenternas utsagor.

I studien framkom att lärare gav uttryck för att samspel och dialog är viktiga inslag i undervisningen. Vi har även funnit spår av de medierande aspekterna där lärare som mediator har en aktiv roll, men att de samtidigt förespråkar en traditionell katederundervisning.

Vår slutsats är att lärare inte stödjer sig på någon specifik vetenskaplig teori i sin syn på lärande. Vi har emellertid tolkat det som att lärare vid sina didaktiska val i undervisningen väljer att reflektera över hur elever tillägnar sig kunskap framför vad elever ska lära och utveckla. Den syn på lärande som vi kan skönja utifrån lärares utsagor är en blandning av olika teorier som färgats av Vygotskijs teoribildning.

Aim with the study was that through high teachers’ statements apply for tracks of basic thoughts of Vygotsky’s theory education in their sights on learning. This is to ascertain what criteria teachers assume when they do their didactic choices in the education and how Vygotsky’s basic thoughts are reflected in teachers’ sights on learning.

Our study bases itself on qualitative interviews where four teachers from two high schools were participated. After the transcription, the analysis was done on the basis of the four aspects that characterize the socio-cultural perspective according to Vygotsky’s theory of education: the social, the mediated, the situated and the creative aspects. We chose to use the hermeneutic method for analyze of our result where we used relevant research in order to strengthen our interpretation of teachers’ statements.

In the study the teachers expressed that interaction and dialogue are important elements in the education. We also have found tracks from the mediated aspects there teachers as a mediator has an active role, but that they at the same time recommend a traditional education.

Our conclusion is that teachers are not based their learning on some specific scientific theory. We however have interpreted that the teachers when they choose a method, prefer to reflect over how students are getting knowledge instead of what students shall learn and develop. That sight on learning as we possibly can discern on the basis of teachers’ statements is a mixture of different theories that has been influenced by Vygotsky’s theory of education.

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Alves, Clarice Vaz Peres. "A escrita no contexto acadêmico: uma abordagem a partir das ideias de L.S Vygotski". Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2013. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/1662.

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Even though there are several studies that show both the difficulties which students from all levels have to write their texts and the attempts to change this situation, the problem has persisted. Therefore, based on this context, this study aimed at evaluating whether a pedagogical intervention with Pedagogy students taking their teaching degree at the Universidade Federal de Pelotas, in Pelotas, RS, Brazil led to learning and the development of their awareness raising strategies and of their capacity to control their written production while triggering the use of superior psychological functions in this process. The intervention was supported by the Cultural-historical approach in Psychology and by Textual Linguistics. The pedagogical intervention was carried out in the light of interpsychological processes (Vygotski, 1998) and of the process approach to the study of texts. Five out of seventeen students who took part in this study composed the corpus of this qualitative research. They were interviewed at the beginning of the semester, when the pedagogical intervention was implemented; then, a selection process was carried out. The evaluation of the intervention was conducted after the students wrote ten texts (abstracts), answered a questionnaire (after the intervention) and took part in interviews, both before and after the intervention. Results showed that the pedagogical intervention not only triggered students awareness regarding the elements that are needed to produce well-written texts but also developed the control of such aspects. Findings also revealed that writing practices developed in the pedagogical intervention potentialized the use of superior psychological functions. Therefore, the results of this study imply that the teaching of written text production, mediated by interpsychological processes and the process approach to the study of texts, enables students to become more proficient writers.
Apesar da existência de diversos estudos que revelam as dificuldades que os estudantes, pertencentes a diferentes níveis de ensino, apresentam para redigir seus textos e as tentativas de mudanças sobre essa situação, o problema ainda persiste. Assim, a partir desse contexto, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar os efeitos de uma intervenção pedagógica sobre o desenvolvimento da tomada de consciência e da capacidade de controle da escrita e sobre o emprego de funções psicológicas superiores, relacionadas a essa atividade, em um grupo de estudantes de um Curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia. O estudo foi amparado pelos preceitos da abordagem psicológica Histórico-Cultural e da Linguística Textual. A intervenção pedagógica foi realizada com base em processos interpsicológicos (VYGOTSKI, 1998) e na abordagem processual de texto. A pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, contou com a participação de dezessete estudantes. Desse total, cinco constituíram o corpus deste estudo, cuja escolha não foi aleatória. O critério que utilizamos para a seleção dos estudantes foi a disponibilidade deles em contribuir com nosso estudo. A avaliação da intervenção ocorreu mediante a produção de dez textos, pertencentes ao gênero resumo; um questionário, aplicado pós-intervenção e entrevistas, realizadas antes e após a intervenção. Os resultados encontrados apontam que a intervenção pedagógica que realizamos propiciou aos acadêmicos que dela participaram a tomada de consciência acerca de elementos necessários à produção de textos escritos, bem como o desenvolvimento do controle sobre alguns desses aspectos. Os achados também revelam que as práticas de escrita desenvolvidas na intervenção pedagógica potencializaram o emprego de funções psicológicas superiores. Portanto, os resultados deste estudo sugerem que o ensino da produção de textos escritos, mediado pelos processos interpsicológicos e pela abordagem processual de texto, possibilita aos estudantes tornarem-se escritores mais proficientes.

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Petersson, Lars. "Är "Vygotskij" nyckeln till vetenskapligt tänkande? - En undersökning av kunskapssyn och undervisningsformer i Samhälle A". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-33045.

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Enligt läroplanen ska undervisningen sträva mot att ge eleverna på gymnasial nivå en inblick i vetenskapligt arbete och tänkande. Hur ska då undervisningen struktureras för att eleverna ska nå denna kunskapskvalite´?. Uppsatsensteoretiska del belyser vad som karaktäriserar vetenskapligt tänkamde, ger en inblick i Vygotskijs pedagogiska teori samt diskuterar hur denna korresponderar med läroplanens intentioner. På den teoretiska delen följer en undersökning där kunskapssyn, undervisnings- och inlärningsstrategier samt förståelsen och användningen av begreppen ideologi, klass och makt hos lärare i samhällskunskap samt elever på A-kursen i samma ämne avhandlas. Den teoretiska och praktiska delen knyts samman av en diskussion kring hur delar av Vygotskijs teorier kan användas i den praktiska undervisningen. Undersökningen visar att det finns en klar skillnad i kunskapssyn mellan lärare och elever. Lärarna uttrycker kunskap som en förmåga att resonera utifrån teoretiska utgångspunkter medan eleverna uttrycker kunskap som en viss mängd fakta och definitioner att lära in och plocka fram vid prov. Läroboksanalysen visade också att texten i det undersökta avsnittet bekräftade elevernas kunskapssyn och stimulerade dem till analys och problematiseringar av ämnet. Den skilda synen på kunskap medför att eleverna i första hand ser lärare och lektioner som medel att strukturera stoffet. Men på skolan förekommer också lärsituationer där elevens vardagsföreställningar utmanas av ansatser till vetenskapligt tänkande. Dock ryms dessa lärsituationer inte inom den planerade pedagogiska aktiviteten utan uppstår främst i spontana möten mellan lärare och elever eller elever sinsemellan. Sökord: Vygotskij (Vygotsky), vetenskapligt tänkande, kunskapssyn och samhällskunskap.

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Göcmenoglu, Zahide. "Pedagogernas inställning till surfplattor : Surfplattan som verktyg för lärande inom förskolan". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-21566.

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We live in a society where the technology has an enormous role in our lives. The average age of using digital tools among Swedish people is down to a very young age. In the recent period of time there has been much debate about tablets and their use in preschools. The aim of this study is to examine the preschool teachers experiences and perceptions of tablet use and how the implementation of the tablets benefits the school activities. What is central to this research is not how kids use the tablet, but how educators are using the tablet device as supplement for children’s development. A qualitative method is used on this study in form of interviews. Results of the interviews showed that teacher who went on a further education in tablet use was more knowledgeable in tablet use then the teachers who didn’t went.

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22

Shaker, elJishi Ziad. "A Vygotskian Analysis of Preservice Teachers’ Conceptions of Dissolving and Density". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500010/.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the content knowledge of 64 elementary preservice teachers for the concepts of dissolving and density. Vygotsky’s (1987) theory of concept development was used as a framework to categorize concepts and misconceptions resulting from evidences of preservice teacher knowledge including pre/post concept maps, writing artifacts, pre/post face-to-face interviews, examination results, and drawings. Statistical significances were found for pre- and post-concept map scores for dissolving (t = -5.773, p < 0.001) and density (t = -2.948, p = 0.005). As measured using Cohen’s d values, increases in mean scores showed a medium-large effect size for (dissolving) and a small effect size for density. The triangulated results using all data types revealed that preservice teachers held several robust misconceptions about dissolving including the explanation that dissolving is a breakdown of substances, a formation of mixtures, and/or involves chemical change. Most preservice teachers relied on concrete concepts (such as rate or solubility) to explain dissolving. With regard to density, preservice teachers held two robust misconceptions including confusing density with buoyancy to explain the phenomena of floating and sinking, and confusing density with heaviness, mass, and weight. Most preservice teachers gained one concept for density, the density algorithm. Most preservice teachers who participated in this study demonstrated Vygotsky’s notion of complex thinking and were unable to transform their thinking to the scientific conceptual level. That is, they were unable to articulate an understanding of either the process of dissolving or density that included a unified system of knowledge characterized as abstract, generalizable, and hierarchical. Results suggest the need to instruct preservice elementary science teachers about the particulate nature of matter, intermolecular forces, and the Archimedes' principle.

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23

Haberman, Jordan. "Vygotsky and cooperative learning Sri Lankan graduate students in Canada /". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0020/MQ56178.pdf.

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24

Doherty, Andrea Mary. "Vygotsky and play : a critical exploration of theory and practice". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602482.

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This study describes a critical exploration of theory into practice. Two principles of Vygotskian cultural historical theory: mixed age play and enhanced home-school links, already integrated into practice in Zolotoi Kluchick (Golden Key) programme schools in Russia, were adapted and implemented in an early years setting (3-6 years) in Northern Ireland. These principles were implemented, evaluated and modified, in a cyclic process, involving the school community throughout. Over one school year, six teachers, 15 classroom assistants, 106 children, five sets of parents, and the researcher, formed a pedagogical collective to explore both the process of implementation, and resultant impact of the Intergrated Play Programme (IPP). The study explores critically the translation of Vygotskian theory into practice. A constructivist methodology was employed, which viewed collaboration within the school community as vital to its success. Vygotskian theory was foundational in the developmental methodology that saw new research methods emerge throughout the research. Findings and conclusions drawn from this study were drawn primarily from participant perspectives. Vygotskian concepts of the zone of proximal development (ZPD), social situation of development (SSD), internalisation and cultural mediation guided the analysis, evaluation, and reflection. Findings revealed that the translation process was not straightforward, and required modifications to the original principles. The concept of 'family' appeared to connect home and school emerged as the major factor in modifying the implementation process. A 'family pedagogy' was developed, in which mixed-age play groups were known as 'school families'. Children's discussion of their 'school family' at home generated curiosity and interest from parents and carers, and provided a dialogical tool and cultural tool to bridge children's home and school learning. The study highlights the value of using play as the basis for this family pedagogy and, in line with Vygotskian theory, presented play as the predominant developmental activity for young children

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25

Mesquita, Kelcilene Virgino Silva de. "FormaÃÃo conceitual Ã luz das teorias de Vygotsky e Nelson". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3114.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico
Our basic assumption for this work is that the abilities to appraise and to categorize are closely related, leading us to the conclusion that they are part of a single process: that of knowledge organization. In this paper, we will discuss specifically some topics involving knowledge organization as far as concept formation is concerned, searching to understand its nature. For this purpose, we have used as theoretical background the works on concept formation by Vygotsky ([1934] 2000) and Nelson (1998; 1986). We believe that Nelsonâs views on young children cognitive processing, centered on the action context and on the childrenâs daily experiences can provide a more significant contribution for an extended vision of the nature of the process of concept formation than the ideas presented by Vygotsky who, in spite of stressing the importance of the context in concept formation, carried out his experiments based on artificial concepts. To check if the concepts become more abstract as time goes by or if they show to be limited to the individualâs context, connected to their memory (thus contextualized), we carry out a study with Elementary, Junior High and High School students as subjects, whose main purpose was to understand the nature of the participantsâ concepts. The students were asked to define the terms âplantâ and âanimalâ and took part in two classification activities using a set of cards, adapted from Panofsky, John-Steiner and Blackwell (1996), which consisted of twenty and one (21) pictures (07 belonging to the âplantâ category and 14 to the âanimalâ category). From the analysis of the definitions obtained and of the justifications for grouping the items into categories, we could observe that there is not a single, exclusive base for the participantsâ conceptualizations, that is, none of the categories has shown to be predominant. On the contrary, the category concepts are formed from internalized pieces of information about the world, no matter if these pieces of information are of a daily or of a more formal nature.
Neste trabalho partimos da premissa de que as habilidades de conceituar e de categorizar estÃo intimamente relacionadas, levando-nos a concluir que elas fazem parte de um Ãnico processo: o de organizaÃÃo do conhecimento. Especificamente, abordaremos questÃes concernentes Ã organizaÃÃo do conhecimento no tocante Ã formaÃÃo de conceitos buscando compreender a sua natureza. Para isso, utilizamos como base teÃrica os trabalhos sobre formaÃÃo de conceitos de Vygotsky ([1934] 2000) e de Nelson (1998; 1986). Defendemos que a proposta de Nelson sobre o processamento cognitivo de crianÃas jovens, centrada no contexto de aÃÃo, nas experiÃncias cotidianas das crianÃas, pode contribuir para uma visÃo mais ampliada da natureza do processo de formaÃÃo de conceitos que a visÃo apresentada por Vygotsky que, mesmo defendendo a importÃncia do contexto na formaÃÃo dos conceitos, realizou seus experimentos utilizando-se de conceitos artificiais. Para verificarmos se os conceitos com o passar do tempo vÃo se tornando mais abstratos ou se, ainda, mostram-se, presos ao contexto do indivÃduo, ligados Ã memÃria de eventos (contextualizado), realizamos uma pesquisa com alunos do Ensino Fundamental e do Ensino MÃdio com o objetivo de compreender a natureza dos conceitos dos participantes. A tarefa experimental consistiu de uma atividade de definiÃÃo para os termos planta e animal e duas atividades de classificaÃÃo usando um conjunto de cartÃes, adaptado de Panofsky, John-Steiner e Blackwell (1996) que constou de vinte e uma (21) figuras (07 da categoria plantas e 14 da categoria animais). AtravÃs da anÃlise das definiÃÃes e justificativas para os agrupamentos de itens em categorias, pudemos verificar que nÃo hÃ uma Ãnica e exclusiva base para as conceitualizaÃÃes dos participantes, ou seja, nÃo hÃ predominÃncia de uma ou de outra categoria, e sim que seus conceitos sÃo formados a partir de pedaÃos de informaÃÃes internalizadas sobre o mundo quer sejam cotidianas quer sejam mais formais.

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Mesquita, Kelcilene Vírgilio Silva de. "Formação conceitual à luz das teorias de Vygotsky e Nelson". www.teses.ufc.br, 2008. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/8823.

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MESQUITA, Kelcilene Vírgilio Silva de. Formação conceitual à luz das teorias de Vygotsky e Nelson. 2008. 119f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza (CE), 2008.
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Our basic assumption for this work is that the abilities to appraise and to categorize are closely related, leading us to the conclusion that they are part of a single process: that of knowledge organization. In this paper, we will discuss specifically some topics involving knowledge organization as far as concept formation is concerned, searching to understand its nature. For this purpose, we have used as theoretical background the works on concept formation by Vygotsky ([1934] 2000) and Nelson (1998; 1986). We believe that Nelson’s views on young children cognitive processing, centered on the action context and on the children’s daily experiences can provide a more significant contribution for an extended vision of the nature of the process of concept formation than the ideas presented by Vygotsky who, in spite of stressing the importance of the context in concept formation, carried out his experiments based on artificial concepts. To check if the concepts become more abstract as time goes by or if they show to be limited to the individual’s context, connected to their memory (thus contextualized), we carry out a study with Elementary, Junior High and High School students as subjects, whose main purpose was to understand the nature of the participants’ concepts. The students were asked to define the terms “plant” and “animal” and took part in two classification activities using a set of cards, adapted from Panofsky, John-Steiner and Blackwell (1996), which consisted of twenty and one (21) pictures (07 belonging to the “plant” category and 14 to the “animal” category). From the analysis of the definitions obtained and of the justifications for grouping the items into categories, we could observe that there is not a single, exclusive base for the participants’ conceptualizations, that is, none of the categories has shown to be predominant. On the contrary, the category concepts are formed from internalized pieces of information about the world, no matter if these pieces of information are of a daily or of a more formal nature.
Neste trabalho partimos da premissa de que as habilidades de conceituar e de categorizar estão intimamente relacionadas, levando-nos a concluir que elas fazem parte de um único processo: o de organização do conhecimento. Especificamente, abordaremos questões concernentes à organização do conhecimento no tocante à formação de conceitos buscando compreender a sua natureza. Para isso, utilizamos como base teórica os trabalhos sobre formação de conceitos de Vygotsky ([1934] 2000) e de Nelson (1998; 1986). Defendemos que a proposta de Nelson sobre o processamento cognitivo de crianças jovens, centrada no contexto de ação, nas experiências cotidianas das crianças, pode contribuir para uma visão mais ampliada da natureza do processo de formação de conceitos que a visão apresentada por Vygotsky que, mesmo defendendo a importância do contexto na formação dos conceitos, realizou seus experimentos utilizando-se de conceitos artificiais. Para verificarmos se os conceitos com o passar do tempo vão se tornando mais abstratos ou se, ainda, mostram-se, presos ao contexto do indivíduo, ligados à memória de eventos (contextualizado), realizamos uma pesquisa com alunos do Ensino Fundamental e do Ensino Médio com o objetivo de compreender a natureza dos conceitos dos participantes. A tarefa experimental consistiu de uma atividade de definição para os termos planta e animal e duas atividades de classificação usando um conjunto de cartões, adaptado de Panofsky, John-Steiner e Blackwell (1996) que constou de vinte e uma (21) figuras (07 da categoria plantas e 14 da categoria animais). Através da análise das definições e justificativas para os agrupamentos de itens em categorias, pudemos verificar que não há uma única e exclusiva base para as conceitualizações dos participantes, ou seja, não há predominância de uma ou de outra categoria, e sim que seus conceitos são formados a partir de pedaços de informações internalizadas sobre o mundo quer sejam cotidianas quer sejam mais formais.

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27

Andréasson, Helén. "Det muntliga språkets status i skolan : Inriktning mot grundskolan årskurs Förskoleklass-3". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-43720.

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Syftet med mitt examensarbete är att undersöka vilken status den muntliga kommunikationen har i klassrummet. För att belysa detta har jag intervjuat sex verksamma lärare inom grundskolans lägre åldrar. Jag är nyfiken på hur de betraktar muntlig kommunikation, hur de ser på sitt arbete med att utveckla och stärka det muntliga språket hos eleverna, och vilken inställning de har till muntlig kommunikation i jämförelse med skriftlig kommunikation. Undersökningen är kvalitativ och ett sociokulturellt perspektiv har använts som teoretisk utgångspunkt, vilket utmärks av att lärande och utveckling tar form i kommunikation med andra individer. Kursplanen för svenska i årskurs 1-3 belägger att arbete med den muntliga förmågan är grundläggande för varje människas identitet, sociala trygghet och lärande, och bör därför vara en stor del av undervisningen. Dock förefaller den ha en underordnad ställning i förhållande till läs- och skrivutvecklingen. Resultatet visar att lärarens kunskapssyn och attityd till det talade språket, är en avgörande faktor för mängden muntlig kommunikation i klassrummet. Lärarna är positivt inställda till kommunikation i undervisningen och arbetar aktivt för att utveckla ett resonerande bland eleverna, genom att förespråka en positiv gruppdynamik och ett gott socialt klassrumsklimat i syfte att stärka alla elever och deras vilja till att våga tala.
The aim of this study is to shed light on the status of oral communication in school. I am interested in examining how teachers define oral communication, how they perceive their work to develop and strengthen the oral language of the pupils, and their attitude to oral communication in comparison to written communication. The study is qualitative and a socio-cultural perspective has been used as a theoretical basis, which is characterized by learning and development in interaction between individuals. The syllabus for Swedish in grades 1-3 stresses oral ability as fundamental to every human identity, social security, and therefore states that it should be a big part of teaching. Contrarily, it appears that the oral ability stands subordinate to writing skills. The results of my investigation shows that a teacher's approach to and knowledge of oral ability is an essential factor in the amount of oral communication in the classroom. The teachers interviewed are in favor of communication in teaching and are actively working to develop a reasoning among students, by advocating a positive group dynamics and a good social climate in order to strengthen all the students and their willingness to dare speak.

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Summers, Robert. "Dynamic Assessment: Towards a Model of Dialogic Engagement". [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002667.

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29

Clowes, Robert William. "Beyond situated action : a neo-Vygotskian theory of thinking and language internalisation". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445614.

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30

Ernica, Mauricio. "O vivido, o possível e o catártico: para uma abordagem vigotskiana do estudo de representações sociais em textos artísticos". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2006. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13798.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Le but de ce travail est proposer une démarche théorique-méthodologique inspirée, surtout, de l uvre de Vygotski que nous permet d étudier des représentations sociales véhiculées en textes artistiques. Cette démarche a pour but comprendre, dans le mouvement de la société, trois dimensions de la vie socioculturelle : les structures sociales non-verbales ; les textes artistiques ; et les processus psychologiques liés aux représentations du monde. A partir de l uvre de Vygotksi (1925a, 1925b et 1934), nous considérons que les structures et les processus psychologiques spécifiquement humains se forment par la généralisation, en catégories sociales, de ses expériences vécues. Les sujets peuvent s approprier de ces catégories, en développant ainsi leurs mécanismes auto-réflexifs. Néanmoins, l auteur l affirme, ce ne sont pas tous les aspects de ces expériences qui arrivent à se généraliser. Par conséquent, à côté de la vie psychique socialement formée il y aurait d autres expériences persistant en tant que résidus inconscients, bien qu elles soient actives. Ces contenus résiduels pressent le psychisme formé et, une fois qu ils sont socialement formés, ils transforment les structures antérieures en incorporant au cours de l existence d autres moyens de vivre. Une caractéristique importante des textes artistiques est qu ils libéreraient les humains de l agir ordinaire et permettraient l émergence pour les autres et pour le sujet de cet univers résiduel constitué par les vécus possibles mais non réalisés. La caractéristique interne de l uvre d art qui rendrait possible cette émergence et formalisation est le jeu tendu entre sa forme et son contenu, ce qui emmènerait à la catharsis, le noyau de la réaction esthétique. L idée centrale, partant, est que les textes artistiques permettraient l élaboration de représentations conscientes sur les dimensions lointaines de la vie possible et non-réalisée, sur la vie qui reste par derrière le vécu - comme énergie bloquée et comme résidu qui demande (en tant que négation de ce qui le nie) de venir au monde comme une nouvelle forme de vie; donc, comme développement humain. Par l art, alors, les humains construiraient des représentations de ce qu ils peuvent être au moins de ce qu ils sentent qu ils ont besoins d être
Este trabalho tem por objetivo a proposição de procedimentos teórico-metodológicos inspirados, sobretudo, na obra de Vigotski e que sirvam para o estudo de representações sociais veiculadas em textos artísticos. Esses procedimentos visam compreender, no movimento da sociedade, três dimensões da vida sociocultural: as estruturas sociais não-verbais; os textos artísticos; e os processos psicológicos relacionados à representação artística do mundo. Com base na obra desse autor (Vigotski: 1925a, 1925b e 1934), consideramos que as estruturas e os processos psicológicos especificamente humanos se formam pela generalização, em categorias sociais, de experiências vividas. Os sujeitos podem se apropriar dessas categorias, desenvolvendo assim seus mecanismos auto-reflexivos. Entretanto, nem todos os aspectos dessas vivências chegam a se generalizar. Por isso, ao lado da vida psíquica socialmente formada, existiriam outras experiências que permaneceriam como resíduos inconscientes, embora atuantes. Esses conteúdos residuais pressionam o psiquismo formado e, uma vez que elas são socialmente formadas, transformam as estruturas anteriores incorporando ao fluxo da existência outros meios de vida. Uma das principais características dos textos artísticos é que eles liberariam os humanos do agir ordinário e permitiriam a emergência para os outros e para o próprio sujeito desse universo residual constituído pelos vividos possíveis e não realizados. A característica interna da obra de arte que proporciona essa emergência e formalização seria o jogo tenso entre sua forma e seu conteúdo, que conduziria à catarse, o núcleo da reação estética. A idéia central, portanto, é que os textos artísticos permitiriam a construção de representações conscientes sobre os grotões de vida possível e não realizada, sobre a vida que permanece por detrás do vivido como energia bloqueada e como resíduo que pede (como negação daquilo que o nega) para vir ao mundo como nova forma de vida; portanto, como desenvolvimento humano. Pela arte, então, os humanos construiriam representações daquilo que eles podem ser ou ao menos daquilo que eles sentem que necessitam ser

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31

Uddholm, Mats. "Om professionella aktörers musikpedagogiska definitionsmakt : En kulturhistorisk studie av samband mellan musikpedagogisk teori och definitionsmakt". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kungl. Musikhögskolan i Stockholm, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-75073.

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The aim of this thesis is to illuminate which role theories of music education can have in the dialectic between discourse and competence in the practice of music pedagogy. The thesis stems from a problem-oriented project that resulted in the formulation of the following research question: how can the connection between music education theory and the power of definition be described and problematized from a cultural-historical perspective using Vygotsky's thesis of Semiotic Thinking? In his research on the dual function of language Vygotsky makes a distinction between the usage of concepts and conceptualization. In this study this distinction has been crucial to determining the relationship between music education theory and the power of definition as practised in music pedagogy. The research project comprised a background study and three sub-studies. The focus of the background-study was the conditions for musical learning and development in persons with severe cognitive dysfunctions. The first sub-study dealt with how social workers in this area of special education conceptualise their view of music in relation to their understanding of music activities in their own practice. The second sub-study aimed to explore which concepts music-therapists use in their meta-reflections on musical situations in this area of special education. The purpose of the third sub-study was to formulate a theoretical perspective on the relationship between music education theory and the power of definition using Vygotsky's hypothesis of semiotic thinking. The main conclusions are: first, that music education theory can be understood as a structural coupling between the power of definition that is embedded in music-pedagogical discourse as a whole, and the power of definition possessed by music pedagogues; second, that the development of the power of definition in the practice of music pedagogy is a creative process that in turn entails a critical questioning of music education theory.

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32

Hiltunen, H. (Hannele). "Play and motivation:through the eyes of Montessori, Vygotsky, Deci and Ryan". Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201705302194.

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This thesis covers play and motivation as separate entities, and then discusses them together. First goal was to explore if there is a connection between play and motivation and how do Montessori, Vygotsky, Deci and Ryan explore these in their own theories. First Vygotsy’s ideas are presented, then Montessori is explored and after this, these two theories are brought together and looked at especially in the context of playing. Afterwards The Self-Determination Theory of Deci and Ryan is analyzed through motivation. Finally, based on these theories, both play and motivation are discussed while back-analyzing personal experiences. This thesis uses literature review as a guide for exploring material. In addition to primary sources written by the authors themselves, sources that are most up to date were given preference. They were compared and contrasted through summary of the key ideas, and synthesized though my own analysis. Based on this thesis, play and motivation are indeed linked and there are many connections among the analyzed theories. This research process was a useful experience for me, as it connected theory and practice. In that sense, it might be useful for others. The thesis might be also interesting and inspiring for those who look for a playful way of getting familiar with some core ideas about play and motivation in education.

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Eriksson, Sofie. "Möjligheter och hinder med ett lekpedagogiskt arbetssätt : En intervjustudie om pedagogers erfarenheter av att arbeta lekpedagogiskt". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-43591.

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Syftet med mitt examensarbete är att undersöka vad pedagoger i förskolan har för tankar och erfarenheter utav att arbeta med lekpedagogik? Vad anser de är möjligheterna och finns det några hinder med arbetssättet? I min undersökning har jag använt mig utav semistrukturerade intervjuer vilket betyder att intervjufrågorna är formade så att deltagarna får utrymme att besvara och tolka frågorna utifrån deras egen uppfattning av omvärlden. Med hjälp av en utformad intervjuguide har jag skapat frågor som berör olika områden som är relevanta för min undersökning. Mitt resultat visar på att pedagogerna tycker att det är riktigt roligt att arbeta lekpedagogiskt, de har viljan och engagemanget, men det är praktiska hinder såsom tid- och personalbyten som gör att de inte kan arbeta med det i den utsträckning som de skulle vilja.
The aim of my thesis is to examine preschool teacher’s thoughts and experiences of working with pedagogical play. What are their views of the possibilities of this way of work and are there any difficulties whit this approach? In my research I´ve been using semi-structured interviews which means that the interview questions are shaped so the participants have space to answer and to interpret based on their own perception of the outside world. Using a designed interview guide I´ve created questions that cover different areas that are of relevance to my research. My result shows that the preschool teachers think pedagogical play is an excellent approach. They have the will and commitment but there are some practical difficulties such as time constraints and personnel changes that make them unable to work with pedagogical play in the extent they would like.

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Filipovic, Ivana, e Marta Krzyzanowska. "Vygotskij, var är du? : En läroplansanalys om huruvida det sociokulturella lärandeperspektivet synliggörs i läroplaner från 1969–2011". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för matematik (MA), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-95641.

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Detta är en empirisk studie vars syfte är att undersöka huruvida det sociokulturella perspektivet synliggörs i läroplanerna från 1969–2011. I studien undersöks även i vilken grad kommunikation kommer till uttryck i respektive läroplan samt hur dessa uttryck skiljer sig med fokus på matematikämnet. Studiens resultat grundas i noga utvalda vetenskapliga publikationer men även utifrån Vygotskijs sociokulturella lärandeperspektiv. Efter att de fyra läroplanerna granskats visar studiens resultat att aspekter från sociala perspektivets grunder går att finna i varje läroplan trots att Lgr69 och Lgr80 är inspirerade av Piagets teori (SOU, 1992:94). Resultatet visar att det sker en tydlig förskjutning av själva ansvaret för elevens lärande från läraren i Lgr69 och Lgr80 till eleven i Lpo94 och Lgr11. Vidare visar analysen att kommunikation förekommer i alla granskade läroplaner men är mer förekommande i de två sista, Lpo94 och Lgr11. Förutom i Lgr69 förekommer kopplingar mellan det sociala perspektivet och matematikämnet. Kopplingarna går från vikten av att endast tala matematik till hur matematikundervisningen i en kommunikativ miljö ska gå till i praktiken.

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Gutung, Frida. "Laborativ matematik i undervisningen : Observationer i en klass 3-4". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för didaktik och pedagogiskt arbete, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-62968.

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Denna uppsats handlar om laborativ undervisning i matematik i en klass 3-4. Den laborativa matematiken anses bra för att den hjälper eleven att förstå det abstrakta med hjälp av konkret material och diskussion. Syftet med uppsatsen är med hjälp av observationer undersöka den laborativa undervisningen som många undersökningar anser vara bra och hur en laborativ undervisning kan se ut. Syftet är också att se hur språket och kommunikationen mellan elev-elev eller lärare- elev bidrar till utveckling. Uppsatsen utgår från ett sociokulturellt perspektiv med Vygotkij som frontfigur. I uppsatsen visas fyra olika laborativa material som användes under mina observationer. Det viktiga med dessa material är att den som använder det ska veta syftet och målet med övningen för att tillägna sig kunskapen på rätt sätt. Utan syfte och mål är materialet dött. Diskussion och reflektion ska hjälpa eleverna framåt i utvecklingen.

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Sellin, Törneld Maria. "Pedagogikens betydelse för elevers matematikinlärning i grundskolan : - Montessori jämfört med traditionell undervisning". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för teknik och miljö, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-11167.

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Sammanfattning/ Abstract Syftet med det här examensarbetet och undersökningen är att dels ta reda på hur matematikundervisningen ser ut i de olika pedagogikerna montessori jämfört med traditionell pedagogik. Dels att undersöka hur matematiklärarna undervisar och vad pedagogiken har för betydelse för inlärningen i matematik. Samt att undersöka hur noga pedagogikerna följer den nya läroplanen. Metoden som valts för att kunna genomföra undersökningen är intervjuer med fyra matematiklärare på de två deltagande skolorna. Därtill att göra observationer i två klasser på vardera skolan. Resultatet som undersökningen har visat är att de två skolorna följer den nya läroplanen i matematikundervisningen. Matematikundervisningen ser olika ut på montessoriskolan jämfört med den traditionella skolan. Däremot har undersökningen visat att det även finns vissa likheter i undervisningen på de båda skolorna. Matematiklärarna undervisar på olika sätt i de båda pedagogikerna. Matematiklärarna följer även pedagogiken ganska noga och undervisar som de säger att de gör under intervjuerna. Ingen av de båda pedagogikerna kan ses som enbart bra eller dålig för inlärningen i matematik för elever. De två pedagogikerna har både bra och mindre bra sidor. Däremot betyder det mycket för inlärningen i matematik hur matematikläraren väljer att lägga upp sin undervisning. Att matematiklärarna varierar sin matematikundervisning utefter vad som är gångbart i pedagogiken har stor betydelse för hur bra elever lär sig matematik.

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Sundquist, Ellen. "Språkutvecklande miljöer i förskolan : En studie om hur barn tillägnar sig språket genom ökat samspel". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-33352.

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The purpose of this study was to create an environment that stimulates children’s communication via language in a preschool called “The Flower”. The environment should encourage and challenge the children to interact and communicate more with each other. That in turn will further the children’s language acquisition. The method for this study was ethnographic observations and dialogues with the teachers. A physical change was completed in the environment at “The Flower”. In the part of the Result four targets for the change in the environment is presented. The change in the environment is also described in the Result. The Result in this study shows us that a change in the environment can favor the children’s language acquisition. It also gives a positive effect on the children. The result also shows that the teacher can favor the children’s language acquisition with material and artefacts.

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Nilsson, Frida, e Fanny Svensson. "Individanpassad läsundervisning : - ur fyra mellanstadielärares perspektiv". Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-15420.

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Studiens syfte är att ta reda på hur några mellanstadielärare ser på och säger sig arbeta med en individanpassad läsundervisning. Vi utgår, i studien, ifrån en sociokulturell syn på lärande, vilket innebär att elever lär genom kommunikation och samspel med andra. Vygotskijs teori om ”den proximala utvecklingszonen” är också något som vi tar avstamp i. Teorin handlar om att med hjälp av någon på en högre kunskapsnivå kunna ta sig an utmanande uppgifter och därmed komma vidare i utvecklingen. Metoden för vår undersökning är intervjuer med lärare på fältet. Intervjuerna har vi sedan transkriberat, analyserat och diskuterat. Resultaten visar att de intervjuade lärarna ser på en individanpassad läsundervisning på olika sätt och säger sig även använda olika metoder för att tillgodose elevernas förutsättningar och behov.

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Silva, Junior Bento Selau da. "Fatores associados à conclusão da educação superior por cegos: um estudo a partir de L. S. Vygotski". Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2013. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/1684.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:48:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bento Selau da Silva Junior_Tese.pdf: 16249436 bytes, checksum: 84ea1994e54232bb233d34e45b2e1140 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-27
This thesis has the objective to describe how a group of blind people explains its graduation in higher education, identifying the factors associated with this conclusion, in the light of L. S. Vygotski s studies. Methodologically, the thesis consisted in a qualitative study, assuming the form of case studies. The research counted on the participation of nine blind people based on the following criteria: being blind and being higher education egresses. The instruments to collect data were the interview and the document analysis. The collected data were worked out through the discursive textual analysis. The theoretical framework brought information pertaining to the participation of blind students in higher education; definition of terms blind and disability; social movements influence on the blind; inclusion of disabled people in higher education; the presence of obstacles for the blind to attend higher education; and the role of professors who work with visually impaired students.It included the presentation of psychological-pedagogical propositions about blindness, arising from investigations developed by Vygotski in the context of his defectology, which resulted in a reorganization of the texts of Tome V of his Collected Works, so that, it would be possible to understand his proposals around the theme.Other concepts of Cultural-Historical theory which were considered as fundamental to this work were also discussed:consciousness, will and subjectivity, besides the terms overcome and overcoming that appear in the author set of defectology. The findings of the research were organized into four emerging categories: Quality of basic education attended , Difficulties found , External facilitator factors and Internal facilitator factors . Such findings indicated that the quality of learning and educational inclusion in basic education influenced the path of the blind through higher education. The difficulties found during attendance at higher education above all, in the selection process for university entrance the need to work/being employed during the study period, difficulties relating to the relationship to some teachers, the lack of technological instrumental and adaptation of materials in resource rooms, interferedin the subjects route through higher education.The assistance received outside the university and the support of some teachers, were facilitator factors. The basic education living of the blind, the difficulties and the facilitator factors, were not, however, decisive for the completion of higher education; the main factors identified in the data and interpreted with the support of the studies developed by Vygotski, were the internal (subjective): consciousness and will. It was defended the thesis that the consciousness about the discrepancies between the lived and the expected reality, generated the wish to complete higher education, that is to say, factors connected to the subjectivity of the students, leading the group of blind which was studied, to achieve this goal.
Esta tese teve como objetivo descrever como um grupo de cegos explica a sua conclusão da educação superior, identificando os fatores associados a essa conclusão, à luz dos estudos de L. S. Vygotski. Metodologicamente a tese constituiuse em um estudo de natureza qualitativa, assumindo a forma de estudos de casos. A pesquisa contou com a participação de nove sujeitos, selecionados com base nos seguintes critérios: serem cegos e egressos da educação superior. Os instrumentos para a coleta de dados foram a entrevista e a análise documental. Os dados coletados foram trabalhados por meio da análise textual discursiva. O referencial teórico trouxe informações atinentes à participação de cegos na educação superior; definição dos termos cego e deficiência; influência dos movimentos sociais em prol dos cegos; inclusão de deficientes na educação superior; presença de obstáculos para a frequência à educação superior por cegos; e ao papel dos professores universitários que trabalham com deficientes visuais. Incluiu a apresentação das proposições psicológico-pedagógicas sobre a cegueira, oriundas das investigações desenvolvidas por Vygotski no âmbito de sua defectologia, o que implicou em uma reorganização dos textos do Tomo V de suas Obras Escogidas, para que se pudesse entender melhor as suas propostas em torno da temática. Foram discutidos, ainda, outros conceitos, da teoria histórico-cultural, que se mostraram fundamentais para este trabalho: tomada de consciência, vontade e subjetividade, além dos termos superar e superação, que aparecem no conjunto da defectologia do autor. Os achados da pesquisa foram organizados em quatro categorias emergentes: Qualidade da educação básica cursada , Dificuldades encontradas , Fatores facilitadores externos e Fatores facilitadores internos . Os resultados indicaram que a qualidade da aprendizagem e da inclusão educacional na educação básica influenciaram a trajetória dos cegos pela educação superior. As dificuldades encontradas durante a frequência à educação superior sobretudo no processo de seleção para a entrada na universidade , a necessidade de trabalhar/estar empregado durante o período de estudo, as dificuldades relativas à relação com alguns professores, a falta do instrumental tecnológico e de adaptação de materiais, nas salas de recursos, interferiram no percurso dos sujeitos pelo ensino superior. Foram fatores facilitadores o auxílio recebido fora da universidade e o apoio de alguns professores. As vivências dos cegos na educação básica, as dificuldades e os fatores facilitadores não se constituíram, todavia, em determinantes para a conclusão do ensino superior; os principais fatores identificados nos dados e interpretados com apoio nos estudos de Vygotski foram os internos (subjetivos): a tomada de consciência e a vontade. Defendeu-se a tese de que a tomada de consciência sobre as discrepâncias entre a realidade vivida e a esperada gerou a vontade de concluir a educação superior, isto é, fatores ligados à subjetividade dos estudantes, levando o grupo de cegos estudados à consecução desse objetivo.

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Yoon, Cho-Hee. "The role of children's collaboration in developing scientific reasoning skills : a Vygotskian perspective /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7675.

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Morris, Anya Caroline. "School science for six year olds: a neo-vygotskian approach to curriculum analysis". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6867.

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The purpose of this study is to describe the form of knowledge that is made available to six year olds as 'Science' in key South African Grade R curriculum texts. The study draws on a neo-Vygotskian conceptualisation of forms of knowledge and child development to develop a language of description in terms of which the selected texts are analysed. Representations of knowledge in the curriculum texts are described in relation to the notion of a simple scientific concept, an idea that was derived from a neo-Vygotskian conceptualisation of knowledge. A simple scientific concept is consistent with scientific criteria and functions as an entry level concept in relation to scientific knowledge. Findings indicate that the Grade R science curriculum represents knowledge in terms of everyday concepts and 'potential' scientific concepts, i.e. concepts that have the potential to prompt the Grade R educator to translate an everyday concept into a simple scientific concept. However, the curriculum does not represent any concepts in ways that conform to the criteria for scientific concepts, including simple scientific concepts. The study concludes that the official recontextualisation of scientific knowledge into Grade R school science is problematic because the Grade R science curriculum represents knowledge mostly in everyday terms. The implications are that Grade R learners are not given the opportunity to acquire the form or content of scientific knowledge or to develop the cognitive skills required for formal schooling.

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Lamprini, Nikolaou. "Designing and evaluating a Vygotskian approach to teaching forces at early secondary education". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633060.

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Alves, Alvaro Marcel Palomo. "As teorias do jogo infantil de Vygotsky e Winnicott : uma análise intersubjetiva /". Assis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105591.

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Orientador: Mario Sérgio Vasconcelos
Banca: Elizabeth Piemonte Constantino
Banca: José Sterza Justo
Banca: Luís Guilherme Coelho Buchianeri
Banca: Denise de Camargo
Resumo: O jogo se configura numa das mais antigas atividades humanas. Repleto de significados foi incorporado na linguagem, na arte, na religião e na cultura em geral. Seus estudiosos se estendem pela Filosofia (WITTGEINSTEIN, 1958; HUIZINGA, 1991; SCHILLER, 1995), História (ARIÈS, 1978; CAILLOIS, 1958), Teoria da Comunicação (POSTMAN, 1994), Antropologia (GEERTZ, 1989; MALINOWSKI, 1978) e inevitavelmente pela Educação e Psicologia. Embora nos reportemos com freqüência as demais ciências, nosso trabalho se insere numa tradição psicológica. Buscamos nas teorias do psicólogo russo Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) e do psicanalista inglês Donald Winnicott (1896-1971) uma alternativa para a compreensão do jogo infantil e seu significado na produção da subjetividade. Partimos da apresentação dos autores e suas respectivas biografias intelectuais, detalhando suas concepções de indivíduo, sujeito e meio (social, ambiental e cultural), para em seguida explorarmos conceitualmente zonas de sentido entre suas teorias. Na direção metodológica encaminhamos a discussão a partir da Epistemologia Qualitativa desenvolvida por Gonzalez Rey, criando zonas de sentido entre as concepções de ambiente e jogo infantil. Diante da morte precoce de Vygotsky e a consequente interrupção das suas pesquisas sobre o jogo, buscamos nas teorias dos seus alunos e colaboradores - principalmente Leontiev e Elkonin - os princípios ontogenéticos do jogo infantil complementares à explanação vigotskiana. Defendemos que uma teoria do jogo infantil deve buscar origens nas relações sociais mais primitivas do indivíduo, bem como no uso mais precoce que este faz dos objetos. Tais relações foram amplamente detalhadas por Winnicott na sua teoria dos fenômenos e objetos transicionais e acreditamos que podem ser relevantes para a compreensão do jogo protagonizado, tal qual desenvolvido por Elkonin e Vygotsky
Abstract: The game is set in one of the oldest human activities. It was full of meanings embedded in language, art, religion, and culture in general. His scholars extend the Philosophy (WITTGEINSTEIN, 1958; HUIZINGA, 1991; SCHILLER, 1995), History (ARIÈS, 1978; CAILLOIS, 1958), Communication Theory (POSTMAN, 1994), Antropology (GEERTZ, 1989; MALINOWSKI, 1978) and inevitably for Education and Psychology. Although we refer frequently to other sciences, our work is part of a psychological tradition. We seek theories of the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) and the English psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott (1896-1971) an alternative to the understanding of children's play and its significance in the production of subjectivity. We start from the presentation of the authors and their intellectual biographies, detailing their conceptions of individual, subject and the environment (social, environmental and cultural), then to conceptually explore areas of meaning between their theories. Following toward a methodological discussion, we discuss the Qualitative Epistemology developed by Gonzalez-Rey, creating zones of meaning between the concepts of environment and children's game. Given the early death of Vygotsky and the consequent disruption of their research into the game, we turn to the theories of his students and collaborators - mostly Leontiev and Elkonin - with the principles ontogenetic children's game, a complementary explanation to Vygotsky's theory. We argue that a theory of children's play should seek origins in more primitive social relations of the individual as well as the earlier use of objects that he makes. Such relationships have been widely detailed by Winnicott in his theory of phenomena and transitional objects, and we believe may be relevant to understanding the game played in children, as it was developed by Eldkonin and Vygotsky
Doutor

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Groff, Keith. "Perception and context : language acquisition grounded on activity theories of Lev Vygotsky /". The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1248710173.

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Bothén, Eva, e Cecilia Jönsson. "Språket i matematiken - ett verktyg att räkna med, en kvalitativ intervjustudie om språkets betydelse för begreppsförståelsen". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-30389.

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Syftet med vår studie var att ta reda på hur pedagoger tillvaratar barns informella kunskaper och hur de konkret arbetar för att utveckla barns begreppsuppfattning i matematik med hjälp av språket. Vi avsåg även att undersöka förutsättningarna för en sådan undervisning. Vi ville se till både individ-, grupp- och organisationsnivå. Ytterligare en specialpedagogisk frågeställning som vi avsåg att undersöka var hur barn i behov av särskilt stöd gynnas av detta arbetssätt. Vi genomförde tio kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer, som var delvis strukturerade, med pedagoger som arbetar med språket på ett medvetet sätt i sin matematikundervisning. Pedagogerna valdes ut efter ett riktat urval. Svaren sammanställdes och en analys av svaren gjordes. Resultatet visade att pedagogerna använde sig av laborativa övningar i stor utsträckning i sin undervisning och att samtalen kännetecknades av öppna frågor. För att möjliggöra en undervisning som har språket som verktyg behövs ett medvetet ställningstagande från pedagogens sida, utbildning i matematik, ledningens och kollegors stöd samt tid till planering och reflektion. Alla elever gynnas av en sådan undervisning eftersom den kan individualiseras så att den passar alla.
The aim of this paper was to study how educationalists use the children’s informal knowledge of mathematics, and how they work in order to develop the children’s understanding of concepts using the language as a means. We also intended to investigate the requirements for such teaching. We wanted to look into education regarding individual, group and organizational level. An additional issue, that we wanted to study, was weather children in need of special education benefited from such teaching. We carried out ten qualitative interviews, which were partly structured, with educationalists who used language in order to achieve understanding of mathematical concepts. The educationalists were chosen by a directed selection. The answers were put together and analysed. The result showed that the educationalists used concrete material to a wide extent in their work and that the questions they used were open-ended. To enable a teaching where the language is used as a means for learning, the educationalist needs to make a deliberate decision how to work. Education in mathematics, the support of the management and other colleagues and the time to prepare and reflect are also needed. All children benefit from such education since this way of teaching enables the educationalist to individualize.

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Gustavsson, Ida. "Suzukimetoden : Några elevröster". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Musikhögskolan Ingesund, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-14958.

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Denna uppsats handlar om Suzukimetoden. Syftet med arbetet är att beskriva metoden med dess styrkor och svagheter samt att få förståelse för hur tidigare suzukielever ser på sin tid som suzukielev. Den teoretiska bakgrunden utgörs av Lev Vygotskijs och Howard Gardners teorier. Utöver litteraturstudier har jag genomfört kvalitativa intervjuer med sex ungdomar/vuxna som tidigare varit suzukielever. De valde alla att sluta spela när de kom upp i tonåren. Det är deras berättelser som är studiens empiri. Resultatet visar att personerna anser att suzukitiden betytt mycket positivt för dem. Framför allt lyfter de fram gemenskapen som de upplevde som suzukielever. Läger, kompisar och grupplektioner är roliga minnen som de bär med sig och som de anser har påverkat dem positivt. De positiva omdömena av undervisningen dominerar. I studien framkommer dock några områden som lärare och föräldrar behöver reflektera över. Det berör notinlärning, överdrivet föräldraengagemang och konkurrens.
This essay is about the Suzuki method. The purpose of this work is to describe the method and its strengths and weaknesses and to gain an understanding of how former Suzuki students view their studies in the Suzuki method. The theoretical background consists of Lev Vygotsky and Howard Gardner’s theories. In addition to literature studies, I conducted interviews with six young adults who were Suzuki students and who chose to quit playing when becoming teenagers. It is their stories that are the study’s empirical evidence. The results indicate that the Suzuki studies were very positive for them. Above all, they refer to the sense of community they felt as Suzuki students. Camp, friends and group lessons are fun memories that they share and which have been a positive influence. The positive reviews of teaching predominate. However, the study shows certain areas that teachers and parents need to reflect on. It affects note learning, excessive parental involvement and competition

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Jönsson, Hanna. "Hos Alfons och Pippi i förskolan : En studie om högläsningens roll". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Umeå School of Education (USE), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-39629.

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Grandin, Sofie, e Linda Norvik. "Från helhet till del eller del till helhet?" Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Teacher Education (LUT), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-2311.

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Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka förhållandet mellan ämnesintegrering och

ämnesindelning ur ett elevperspektiv. Denna undersökning bygger på en kvantitativ metod

och tar sitt empiriska avstamp i 38 tidslinjer konstruerade av två åttondeklasser. Den ena

klassen har arbetat mycket under ämnesintegrerade förhållanden och den andra har arbetat

mycket under ämnesindelade förhållanden. För att kunna jämföra klasserna valde vi ett

kontrollbegrepp – historiemedvetenhet. Historiemedvetenhet är en förmåga som alla elever på

grundskolans senare år ska tillägna sig och därför blir detta begrepp vår beröringspunkt

mellan klasserna. Vi jämför hur klassernas historiemedvetenhet tar sig uttryck för att se om

det finns likheter och skillnader, och huruvida det ämnesintegrerade alternativt ämnesindelade

förhållningssättet till undervisning kan vara en faktor i detta, genom att knyta an resultatet till

tre stora pedagogiska huvudriktningar. Dessa huvudriktningar har alla mer eller mindre haft

influens på skolans styrdokument och är de som företräds av John Dewey, Lev Vygotskij och

Jean Piaget. Vårt resultat visar att det finns en skillnad mellan klasserna avseende deras

historiemedvetande och att detta kan relateras till teorier om lärande.

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Kaspersson, Ann-Sofi. "Kan historia spela roll? - Rollspel som undervisningsmetod i historieundervisning på gymnasiet". Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Teacher Education (LUT), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1723.

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Detta examensarbete behandlar rollspel som undervisningsmetod inom historia på gymnasiet. Syftet var att undersöka hur denna undervisningsmetod stämmer in på pedagogiska teorier, samt vilket utrymme den har inom styrdokumenten Lpf 94 och kursplanen. De teorier som analyserades är de som representeras av Dewey, Piaget och Vygotskij. Läroplanen och kursplanen för historia A analyserades med hjälp av Blooms kunskapstaxonomi. Resultatet visar att rollspel i vissa delar passar in i pedagogiska teorier. Ingen av de för denna undersökning aktuella teorierna stämde helt in på rollspel som undervisningsmetod. Dock finns det element i teorierna som gör det. Rollspel kan skilja sig åt till form och innehåll. Därav presenteras inga generella resultat. De för denna uppsats aktuella rollspelen syftar i första hand till stegen knowedge, comprehension och application i Blooms taxonomi. Stegen högre upp kan eftersträvas beroende på hur spelet är utformat.

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Cederstedt, Camilla. "Går det att förbättra gymnasielevers läsförmåga? : En interventionsstudie på gymnasienivå utifrån den reciproka modellen". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-28907.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Studien var av interventionskaraktär och byggde på Vygotskijs sociokulturella teori. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om intensiv lästräning, utifrån den reciproka modellen, kan förbättra hos läsningen hos gymnasieelever. De frågeställningar som studien utgick från var följande: Förbättras läsningen hos gymnasieelever efter lästräning enligt den reciproka modellen? Finns det skillnader i resultat mellan undervisningsgrupper, skola, studieinriktning och kön, på pre-testen samt post-testen? Är verbal mediering ett effektivt sätt att förmedla lässtrategier? Studiens ansats var kvantitativ då den byggde på utfallet från den genomförda interventionen. Standardiserade och normerade test användes för att mäta elevernas utgångsnivå före inter–ventionen samt efter avslutad intervention för att se om det skett någon utveckling. Det som mättes var avkodningsförmåga, semantisk och syntaktisk förmåga, läshastighet samt slutligen läsförståelse. Fem klasser från två skolor deltog i studien och det totala antalet elever uppgick till 51 stycken. Klasserna delades upp i fyra grupper varav en blev kontrollgrupp. Eleverna kom från både studie- och yrkesförberedande program. Elevernas resultat i stanine på pre- och post-testen räknades samman för att få ett medelvärde i gruppen. Dessa medelvärden var grundvalen för att se om det skett någon utveckling i grupperna samt för att kunna jämföra dem. Även lägsta och högsta staninevärdena i grupperna på pre- och post-testen togs ut för att visa på spridningen av förmågorna i grupperna samt visa på eventuell utveckling. Likaså en jämförelse mellan skola, program och kön gjordes för att se om det var någon skillnad i utveckling efter genomförd intervention. Resultaten visade att samtliga grupper, kontrollgruppen inkluderad, utvecklat sin förmåga angående avkodning, semantisk och syntaktisk förmåga samt läs–hastighet. Två av grupperna som deltog i interventionen gick bakåt på testen i läsförståelse, vilket även var fallet för kontrollgruppen. Det var endast en grupp som utvecklade samtliga förmågor. Vid jämförelsen mellan skolor, inriktning och kön kan man se att det förekom skillnader i utveckling.

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