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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Virothérapie"
Manus, Jean-Marie. "Brèves : Virothérapie anticancer". Revue Francophone des Laboratoires 2019, n. 510 (marzo 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1773-035x(19)30174-1.
Testo completoLemay, Guy. "Apprivoiser nos ennemis pour en faire des alliés : la « virothérapie » anticancéreuse". médecine/sciences 28, n. 4 (aprile 2012): 339–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2012284001.
Testo completoGretillat, M., P. Erbs, C. Camus, J. Gelfi e S. Bertagnoli. "R90: Étude d’un virus myxomateux optimisé pour la virothérapie anticancéreuse chez l’Homme". Bulletin du Cancer 97, n. 4 (ottobre 2010): S51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-4551(15)31009-2.
Testo completoPéron, Jean-Marie. "Utilisation du virus de la stomatite vésiculeuse, un virus non défectif pour la réplication pour traiter le cancer du foie. Un exemple de virothérapie". Gastroentérologie Clinique et Biologique 29, n. 10 (ottobre 2005): 1074–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0399-8320(05)88220-x.
Testo completoChaudhry, Ahsen Tahir, e Daud Akhtar. "Gene Therapy and Modification as a Therapeutic Strategy for Cancer". University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine 6, n. 1 (11 maggio 2016): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/uojm.v6i1.1564.
Testo completoTesi sul tema "Virothérapie"
Boisgerault, Nicolas. "Utilisation du virus de la rougeole en virothérapie anti-tumorale". Nantes, 2011. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=717391ed-c8d4-4c72-8470-b689daf81ddc.
Testo completoDespite continuous advances, conventional anti-tumour therapies (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy) remain partly ineffective. Thus, cancer virotherapy appears as a potential therapeutic alternative. Some viruses exhibit, either naturally or after genetic engineering, the ability of targeting specifically tumour cells without infecting the healthy ones. Vaccinal strain of measles virus (MV) naturally displays such oncolytic properties against a wide range of cancers due to targeting of CD46 receptor that is overexpressed by some cancer cells. I demonstrated that oncolytic MV specifically targets mesothelioma cells in vitro and melanoma, lung and colorectal adenocarcinoma cells both in vitro and in vivo. Infection of these tumour cells by MV induces cell death in an immunogenic way and thus allows an immune response to develop by maturing dendritic cells and activating T lymphocytes. Cell death immunogenicity depends on production and release of danger molecules by dying cells. I showed that MV infection induces Hsp70 production, calreticulin translocation to cell surface and release of HMGB-1 into extracellular medium by infected tumour cells. Involvement of the immune system would improve the direct oncolytic properties of MV. Altogether, these results give new arguments for the use of MV as anti-tumour therapeutics against resistant cancers
Gretillat, Magalie. "Etude d'un virus myxomateux optimisé pour la virothérapie anticancéreuse chez l'Homme". Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/713/.
Testo completoMyxoma virus (MYXV), agent of myxomatosis in European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), exhibits highly species-specific host tropism. Although it has been proven to be non pathogenic in all other vertebrate species, including man, MYXV is able to infect and kill human tumour cells. In order to use this promising oncolytic virus (OV) candidate against human colorectal, pancreatic and ovarian cancers, we investigated oncolytic capacities of optimised MYXV in vitro and in vivo. The oncolytic capacities of MYXV (MYXV-SG) SG33 vaccine strain of appeared to be significantly superior compared to the wild type T1 strain (MYXV-T1), in terms of replication and cell killing in human tumour cells in vitro. We demonstrated that the reduced viral activity of OV at low multiplicity of infection (MOI) could be counterbalanced by FCU1-suicide-gene-induced specific molecular chemotherapy. We studied the possibility of in vivo controlled release of oncolytic viral vectors at tumours sites by encapsulating OV in safe, natural and biodegradable sol-gel silica matrix. The safety of local and systemic injection of MYXV was confirmed in two different animal models, namely Swiss nude mice and immunocompetent rhesus macaque. Finally, oncolytic efficacy of MYXV-SG was investigated in nude mice bearing subcutaneous human colorectal tumours
Lagrange, Magali. "Virothérapie du cancer du col de l'utérus : du ciblage moléculaire au ciblage cellulaire". Strasbourg 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR13065.
Testo completoCancer of the cervix is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV), most frequently HPV16, is the most significant etiological factor of this cancer. The oncogenic effect of these viruses is principally due to the expression of two early viral proteins, E6 and E7. In the fist part of this work, we have characterized three monoclonal antibodies able to efficiently detect E6 from HPV16 (16E6). We have also used these antibodies to test their effects on the interaction with different partners of E6. In the second part of the thesis, we have used antibody fragments able to block E6-dependent degradation of p53 in vitro to induce specific apoptosis in the HPV16 transformed cells, demonstrating the feasability of the anti-16E6 intracellular immunization for specific killing of cervical cancer cells. In the last part of this work, we generated fiber modified adenoviral vectors which combine the introduction of two point mutations and the insertion of differents peptide sequences selected by phage-display. We show that these modifications ablate the native tropism of the serotype 5 adenovirus confer specificity to HPV-transformed cervical cancer cell lines
Nader, Joëlle. "Modèles précliniques d’étude du mésothéliome : application à l’évaluation de la virothérapie anti-tumorale in vivo". Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT1043/document.
Testo completoAs a PhD student, I worked in parallel on two complementary subjects. The first one concerned the study of the interactions between tumor cells and their microenvironment in four models of rat malignant mesothelioma (MM), differing in both their immune infiltrate and their metastatic potential. Histological analyses of stroma, together with proteomic analyses and expression of different cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, led us to the identification of three stages of increasing invasiveness, associated with quantitative changes in many proteins and a decreased immune infiltrate. The most invasive tumor was characterized by immunosuppression with a specific molecular profile increasing the metastatic potential. The second topic was the evaluation of the efficacy of anti-tumor virotherapy, based on the use of the Schwarz strain of measles virus (MV) and its variant MV-ΔC for the treatment of MM. Both viruses induced tumor regressions in NOD SCID mice transplanted with two human MM cell lines, but MV-ΔC amplified this effect by inducing faster cell death, as revealed by a marked reduction of the tumor mass. This apoptotic potential is associated, in vitro, with an increased production of the danger signal HMGB1 and the synthesis of a large amount of viral double-stranded RNA. These MV-ΔC-infected cells are also capable of promoting the maturation of dendritic cells through viral replication and activation of the Protein Kinase R. This characterization of new immunocompetent models and novel promising therapeutic strategies may lead to better clinical management of patients with mesothelioma
Houel, Ana. "Étude de l’induction de structures lymphoïdes tertiaires, par virothérapie oncolytique, pour stimuler l’immunité antitumorale endogène". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS232.
Testo completoTertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are organized aggregates of immune cells that develop in non-lymphoid tissues as a result of chronic inflammation. Mature TLS, which resemble lymph nodes in their organization, are associated with favorable prognoses in solid tumor cancers and serve as effective predictors of patient responses to immunotherapy. Our objective was to investigate oncolytic virotherapy as a strategy to induce TLS in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to enhance anti-tumor responses.Oncolytic viruses (OV) have the ability to specifically infect and replicate within cancer cells, inducing their direct lysis as well as their destruction by the immune system through immunogenic cell death. We hypothesize that the modulation of the TME following OV infection, along with the local production of chemokines expressed by these viruses, could promote TLS neogenesis and amplify anti-tumor responses.My work involved generating and characterizing recombinant oncolytic vaccinia viruses (oVV) armed with three chemokines, CCL20, CCL21, and CXCL13, which we hypothesize are involved in TLS neogenesis.I observed that the expression of chemokines by the recombinant oVVs did not affect their oncolytic properties and that the chemokines were functional in vitro. Although the replication of the oVVs was reduced in syngeneic murine models, I detected the murine chemokines in tumors infected with the armed oVVs and observed the formation of immune aggregates in hot tumor models. However, no therapeutic improvement was observed with the chemokine-armed oVV compared to the non-armed virus.I then studied the ability of TLS induced by an oVV to establish anti-tumor responses in the hot orthotopic TC-1 luc model. In this model, I observed that intranasal administration of the oVV induced more TLS than administration of a non-oncolytic vaccinia virus, MVA. Furthermore, I observed that TLS induced by MVA infection were not associated with an anti-tumor response, whereas I detected long-term presence of tumor-specific T lymphocytes and tumor control in the lungs of a mouse infected with oVV. Thus, we hypothesize that the oncolytic properties of oVVs can induce TLS that are effective against tumors.To promote oVV replication and chemokine expression, as well as to facilitate the observation of late anti-tumor responses with slower tumor growth kinetics, we evaluated the efficacy of a recombinant strain armed with the three human chemokines (oVV-3hCK) in a HIS-NXG humanized mouse model grafted with human tumors.In this model, the oVVs (oVV-3hCK and non-armed oVV) were particularly effective, making it difficult to observe differences in therapeutic efficacy between the two strains. Nonetheless, a significant increase in the infiltration of CXCR5+ immune cells and naïve T and B lymphocytes was observed in tumors infected with oVV-3hCK, confirming the chemotactic activity of the chemokines and suggesting the presence of TLS in the tumors.In conclusion, my thesis work confirmed that the three chemokines CCL20, CCL21, and CXCL13 expressed by an oVV are capable of inducing immune aggregates (or TLS) in the TME, and demonstrated the relevance of this strategy to improve long-term anti-tumor responses
Rejiba, Soukaïna. "Thérapie génique et virothérapie pour le traitement de l'adénocarcinome du pancréas et la chimiosensibilitation à la gemcitabine". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR13079.
Testo completoGemcitabine is the treatment of choice for pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but comes up against appearance of chemoresistance. The current work aimed to improve gemcitabine efficacy using gene therapy. We first demonstrated that inhibition of k-ras oncogene resulted in a sensitization of cells to gemcitabine treatment. We were also interested to genes involved in alteration of the gemcitabine prodrug metabolism. Our results demonstrated that overexpression of the dCK::UMK fusion protein and inhibition of TS and RR genes restored tumor cell sensitivity to gemcitabine. Finally, we exploited the oncolytic and oncotropic natural properties of H-1 parvovirus. A recombinant parvovirus expressing the yeast cytosine deaminase suicide gene under the control of the carcinoembryonic specific promoter showed increased cytotoxic effects restricted to pancreatic tumor cells
Touchefeu, Yann. "Optimisation de la radiovirothérapie en associant un traitement radio-isotopique vectorisé par un virus de la rougeole oncolytique, une radiothérapie externe et une inhibition de checkpoint kinase-1". Nantes, 2013. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=b63f1333-4571-46c1-911d-34c915c579e9.
Testo completoRadiovirotherapy is defined as the use of viruses to deliver radioisotopic treatment into infected cells. Oncolytic viruses are able to selectively target and kill cancer cells. Combining external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) with radiovirotherapy is an innovative method to increase the total radiation dose selectively within tumour cells. Our aim was to evaluate a radiovirotherapy approach using Edmonston strain measles virus engineered to express the sodium/iodide symporter NIS (MV-NIS). We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of a combination of MV-NIS, NIS-guided radioiodide, EBRT and a specific checkpoint-1 inhibitor (SAR-020106). This approach was investigated in head and neck and colorectal (HCT-116) cancer cells lines. We show that EBRT and MV-NIS exerted synergistic in vitro anti-tumour effects. EBRT increased NIS expression in infected cells. SAR-020106 had synergistic antitumour effect both with EBRT and with MV-NIS. We have demonstrated that MV-NIS mediated 131I toxicity. In HCT-116 cells, this effect was enhanced by SAR-020106. In vivo, we have demonstrated that MV-NIS and EBRT had synergistic effects in an HCT-116 subcutaneous tumour model. The combination of MV-NIS, virally-directed 131I, EBRT and SAR-020106 was evaluated in vivo in the same HCT-116 tumour model. This quadruplet regimen had significant antitumour activity, associated with an increased survival of animals. Our study strongly supports further translational and clinical research on MV-NIS in combination with radiation therapy and radiosensitising agents
Foloppe, Johann. "Construction et évaluation de différents mutants du virus de la vaccine exprimant un gène suicide dans la cadre d'une thérapie anti-cancéreuse". Strasbourg 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR13177.
Testo completoRecombinant thymidine kinase-deleted vaccinia virus vector targets tumor tissue after systemic delivery, making it ideal for a tumor-directed enzyme/prodrug approach. We have generated a tk-deficient recombinant expressing the suicide gene FCU1 which catalyses the direct conversion of the nontoxic 5-fluorocytosine into toxic metabolites. This vaccinia virus demonstrated a significant tumor regression after systemic injection in combination with administration of 5-FC. Moreover, to enhance the safety and efficacy of this vector, deletion of other genes was combined with thymidine kinase gene deletion. We evaluated in vivo the therapeutic efficacy after intravenous injection in nude mice bearing subcuteanous human tumors and we compared the toxicity between single and double-deleted viruses. The results of this study demonstrate that double-deleted viruses are capable of selective tumor replication and are significantly less pathogenic than the single-deleted virus
Ricordel, Marine. "Sélection, Génération et Amélioration de Poxvirus Oncolytiques par Génie Génétique et Evolution Dirigée". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018INPT0010.
Testo completoOncolytiques viruses are a new class of therpeutic agents which could be an alternative for cancer treatment. Currently, several oncolytic viruses are evaluated in clinical trial, nevertheless improvements are needed to create a new class of more efficiente and less toxic viruses. The first objective of this thesis was to improved the vaccinia virus specificity through the targeting of the tumor-associated antigen MUC1. To address this goal, a recombinant virus expressing an scFv targeting the MUC1-protein was engineered and produced. However, in vitro, the demonstration of a specific targeting by the recombinant virus was not possible. A second aspect of this thesis work was to evaluate the oncolytic potential of Poxviridae family viruses. Oncolytic capacities of twelve viruses, belonging to eight genera, were evaluated. Their impact on human cancer cells was tested. In order to increase their efficacity, viruses with the highest oncolytic capacities were then modified and armed by genetic engineering. The third part of this work was devoted to the generation of chimeric viruses based on directed evolution process. This methodology is used to mimic the natural process of evolutionary selection. Applied to oncolytic virotherapy, this technique allowed the generation of a new chimeric oncolytic virus caracterised by an enhanced antitumoral potential. In summary, this thesis has allowed, through viral engineering, poxviruses screening and directed evolution methodology, the creation and selection of a new generation of oncolytic poviruses. These viruses demonstrate an increased therpeutic activity and greatest safety profil enabling their application in several therapeutic indication
Bressy, Christian. "Potentialisation de la virothérapie anti-tumorale basée sur des adénovirus oncolytiques dans le traitement des cancers côliques et rénaux". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00921952.
Testo completo