Tesi sul tema "Viroids"
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Bonfiglioli, Roderick. "Studies on the ultrastructural localisation of viroids and other plant pathogens". Title page, contents and summary only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb713.pdf.
Testo completoTaylor, Kathryn, Richard Langham e Zhongguo Xiong. "Relationship of Viroids to Macrophylla Decline". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/220553.
Testo completoVisvader, Jane Ellen. "Structure and function of citrus exocortis viroid /". Title page, contents and summary only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phv834.pdf.
Testo completoRakowski, Andrew George. "Molecular aspects of viroid activities /". Title page, contents and summary only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phr162.pdf.
Testo completoWarrilow, David. "Studies on the replication complex of citrus exocortis viroid /". Title page, contents and summary only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw295.pdf.
Testo completoKeese, Paul Konrad. "Structures of viroids and virusoids and their functional significance". Title page, contents and summary only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk268.pdf.
Testo completoWah, Yan Fong Wan Chow. "Viroids in grapevines : transmission via seeds and persistence in meristem-regenerated vines". Title page, contents and summary only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw136.pdf.
Testo completoBojic, Teodora. "Host involvement in the replication of potato spindle tuber viroid and the evolutionary relationship between plant viroids and the hepatitis delta virus". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28353.
Testo completoForster, Anthony Carlyle. "Self-cleavage of plant pathogenic RNAs". Title page, contents and summary only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phf7331.pdf.
Testo completoKlümper, Sandra Nicole. "Prozessierung des Kartoffel-Spindelknollensucht-Viroids (PSTVd) Charakterisierung der beteiligten Enzyme der Wirtspflanze /". [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965233219.
Testo completoFriday, Dillon R. "Processing of Potato Spindle Tuber Viroids (PSTVd) RNAs in Yeast, a Nonconventional Host". Thesis, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10692985.
Testo completoThe discovery of viroids in 1971 opened the door to a whole new field of RNA biochemistry. Viroids subsequently became the first of many facets of RNA biochemistry: the first single stranded covalently closed RNA discovered in nature, the first subviral pathogen discovered, and the first pathogen of a eukaryotic system to have its genome sequenced. Viroids are the smallest known agents of infectious disease and they represent the borders of life. They replicate autonomously within their host and since they do not code for their own proteins, they act as scavengers of the host transcriptional machinery. By doing so, viroids find ways of trafficking, localizing, and replicating within their host based on the sequence and structure of the RNA alone. Once in their hosts, viroids are incredibly resilient and can cause economic damage on several commercial crops. Apart from controlling viroids for economic reasons, the more enticing feature of viroid study is the use of viroids as model systems to study essential underlying questions about the evolution of RNA pathogens, and to use viroids as models to study non-coding RNAs. The field of non-coding RNA research has surged within the past decade and viroids are becoming important vehicles to bring insight into this field of study. The study of viroids has been extensive through the years, but several questions remain: What structural conformations do viroids employ to recruit host enzymes, and what are the enzymes that cleave and ligate viroids into mature progeny. To answer some of these questions, we have looked at processing of the potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) RNA in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that one specific construct will process into a mature viroid circle in yeast and we also found that processing in this system is distinct from other plant and non-plant based host systems. This processing is a delicate interplay of ligation and degradation by host machinery. Yeast is a great system to study viroid processing as yeast allows for use of the entire toolbox of temperature-sensitive and knockout protein mutants. By employing yeast, focus can be driven towards the mechanisms of host protein recruitment, viroid processing requirements, and degradation mechanisms from the host. We have ascertained insight into PSTVd processing using yeast. We have found methods to transform and process PSTVd, investigated enzymes that effect processing, and started to establish an in vitro yeast system. Through these studies, we have also developed a method to enrich viroid RNAs from total RNA extractives. This has been vital to assays specific around viroid transcription and cleavage. Overall, this research is further testament that viroids are minimalist scavengers of a very diverse array of cellular transcriptional machinery. They can process in higher eukaryotes (plants) and simple eukaryotes (yeast). They are shown to affect each host in distinct manners using fundamental RNA biology that all organisms share.
Freidhoff, Paul. "Using RNA Mimicry of Viroids to Uncover New Noncoding RNA Structural Motifs and Pathways". Thesis, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=27665966.
Testo completoMinoia, Sofia. "Degradación in vivo de un viroide de replicación nuclear: rutas catalizadas por proteínas Argonauta cargadas con pequeños RNAs viroidales y por otras ribonucleasas que generan RNAs subgenómicos". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/48553.
Testo completoMinoia, S. (2015). Degradación in vivo de un viroide de replicación nuclear: rutas catalizadas por proteínas Argonauta cargadas con pequeños RNAs viroidales y por otras ribonucleasas que generan RNAs subgenómicos [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/48553
TESIS
Kolonko, Nadine. "Isolation und Bestimmung des 5's-Endes der (-)-Strang-Replikationsintermediären des potato spindle tuber viroids (PSTVd)". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=970020023.
Testo completoZhong, Xuehua. "Tertiary structural and functional analyses of RNA motifs that mediate viroid replication and systemic trafficking". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1194540856.
Testo completoSilva, Simone Rodrigues da [UNESP]. "Caracterização fitossanitária e seleção de limeiras ácidas 'Tahiti' clone Quebra-galho candidatas a matrizes". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105264.
Testo completoCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Estacao Experimental de Bebedouro
Fundecitrus
Objetivando caracterizar sanitariamente a lima ácida ‘Tahiti’ clone Quebra-galho [C. latifolia (Yu. Tanaka) Tanaka] e selecionar plantas candidatas a matrizes, 80 plantas foram avaliadas quanto aos sintomas de tristeza, exocorte, sorose e pelo estado nutricional, desenvolvimento, produção e qualidade de frutos e por testes biológicos para as viroses citadas e xiloporose. Para viróides, empregou-se também RT-PCR. Todos os testes biológicos foram positivos para tristeza e negativos para xiloporose. Para exocorte, 82,5% dos testes foram positivos. No caso da sorose, 11,2% dos testes foram positivos apesar das plantas de campo não apresentarem sintomas. Quanto à tristeza, a reação em ‘Galego’ foi fraca (58,8%), média (40%) e forte (1,2%), sem caneluras nos ramos das plantas no campo. Os viróides Hop stunt viroid (HSVd), Citrus dwarfing viroid (CVd-III) e o Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) foram encontrados em 31,3%, 82,5% e 100,0% das plantas, respectivamente. Todas as plantas estudadas estavam infectadas com o CTV e com o CEVd, que foi encontrado isoladamente ou em combinação com outros viróides. Diferenças observadas na expressão dos sintomas de exocorte e tristeza na copa e no porta-enxerto podem ser atribuídas a interferências entre os viróides e a seleção pela multiplicação de gemas de árvores contaminadas por variantes pouco virulentas. O estado nutricional, o desenvolvimento, a produção e a qualidade dos frutos não apresentaram associação com o tipo de contaminação por viróides, o que também ocorreu com as plantas selecionadas como candidatas a matrizes em função da produção e qualidade física dos frutos.
Aiming at to characterize sanitarily the acid lime ‘Tahiti’ clone “Quebragalho” [C. latifolia (Yu. Tanaka) Tanaka] and select applicant mother plants, 80 plants were evaluated about the symptoms of tristeza disease, exocortis, psorosis and nutritional state, development, production and quality of the fruits, and by biological tests for the cited viruses and xyloporosis. For the viroids, was used RT-PCR too. All the biological tests were positive for tristeza disease and negative for xyloporosis. For exocortis, 82.5% of the tests were positive. In the case of the psorosis, 11.2% of the tests were positive although the plants in the field do not present symptoms. To the tristeza disease, the reaction in 'Galego' was of weak (58.8%), middle (40.0%) and strong (1.2%), without pittings in the branches of the plants in the field. The viroids Hop stunt viroid (HSVd), Citrus dwarfing viroid (CVd-III) and the Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) were found, respectively, in 31.3%, 82.5% and 100.0% of the plants. All of the plants in study were infected with the CTV and the CEVd, that was found isolately or in combinations with other viroids. Differences observed in the expression of the exocortis symptoms and tristeza disease in the cup and in the rootstock can be attributed to interferences between the viroids and the selection by the multiplication through cuttings of infected trees by strains few virulent. The nutritional state, development, production and quality of the fruits, did not presented association with the type of contamination by viroids, what also occurred with the applicant mother plants selected in function of the production and physical quality of the fruits.
Bannach, Oliver. "Viroid-Protein-Komplexe und deren Bedeutung für Replikation und Transport von Viroiden". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=98309277X.
Testo completoSikora, Dorota. "Hepatitis Delta Virus: Identification of Host Factors Involved in the Viral Life Cycle, and the Investigation of the Evolutionary Relationship Between HDV and Plant Viroids". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22910.
Testo completoMurcia, Riaño Nubia. "DETECCIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN AGRONÓMICA DE VIROIDES DE CÍTRICOS. IDENTIFICACIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN MOLECULAR Y BIOLOGÍCA DE VARIANTES DEL VIROIDE DEL ENANISMO DE LOS CÍTRICOS CDVd". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/6343.
Testo completoMurcia Riaño, N. (2009). DETECCIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN AGRONÓMICA DE VIROIDES DE CÍTRICOS. IDENTIFICACIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN MOLECULAR Y BIOLOGÍCA DE VARIANTES DEL VIROIDE DEL ENANISMO DE LOS CÍTRICOS CDVd [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/6343
Palancia
Eiras, Marcelo. "Identificação e caracterização de viróides e estudo de alguns aspectos da interação de viróides com proteínas do hospedeiro". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11135/tde-23042007-161615/.
Testo completoThe present work has been divided into four chapters to: (i) review the main points in viroid-host interactions and present different aspects in the evolutionary relationship of the viroids and virusoids; (ii) identify and characterize viroids infecting grapevine in Brazil; (iii) purify, clone and sequence what appears to be a novel citrus viroid; (iv) study some aspects related to the viroid-host protein interactions. Firstly, two viroid species (Citrus exocortis viroid, CEVd and Hop stunt viroid, HSVd) were identified and characterized from grapevine in Brazil. Total RNAs, extracted from leaves of Vitis vinifera Cabernet Sauvignon and V. labrusca Niagara Rosada, were RT-PCR amplified with specific primers for the five viroids described infecting grapevines. The resulting products were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis and the DNA fragments of the expected full-size were eluted, cloned and sequenced. The grapevines analyzed were doublyinfected by CEVd and HSVd. A phylogenetic analysis showed that the Brazilian grapevine HSVd variants clustered with other grapevine HSVd variants forming a specific group separated from citrus variants, whereas the Brazilian CEVd variants clustered with other citrus and grapevine variants. On the other hand, a method for cloning small circular RNAs of unknown sequence has been applied to an RNA of this kind from citrus (with ca. 300 nucleotides). This RNA, when analyzed by PAGE in denaturing conditions, showed the slow mobility typical of viroid RNAs. After denaturation, the purified RNA was RT-PCR amplified using a primer with six randomized positions at its 3? terminus, with the resulting products being then cloned and sequenced. From these data, two adjacent primers of opposite polarities were designed and used to RT-PCR amplify the complete sequence. Analysis of the sequences revealed the presence of the CCR (central conserved region) of the Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd), the type member of the genus Apscaviroid, and scattered similarities with other members of this genus, suggesting that the circular RNA is a viroid recombinant. Finally, UV irradiation of infected tissue has revealed the existence in vivo of an RNA motif (loop E) in Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd), the type member of the family Pospiviroidae (nuclear viroids), and RNA-protein binding followed by eletrophoretic mobility shift (EMSA) and UV cross-linking label transfer assays have shown that transcription factor IIIA (TFIIIA) and L5 ribosomal protein from Arabidopsis thaliana bind this RNA in vitro with the same affinity as they bind 5S rRNA, whereas the affinity for a chloroplastic viroid (Avocado sunblotch viroid, ASBVd) is significantly lower. These two proteins may participate in synthesis and delivery of PSTVd in vivo.
Silva, Simone Rodrigues da. "Caracterização fitossanitária e seleção de limeiras ácidas 'Tahiti' clone Quebra-galho candidatas a matrizes /". Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105264.
Testo completoAbstract: Aiming at to characterize sanitarily the acid lime 'Tahiti' clone "Quebragalho" [C. latifolia (Yu. Tanaka) Tanaka] and select applicant mother plants, 80 plants were evaluated about the symptoms of tristeza disease, exocortis, psorosis and nutritional state, development, production and quality of the fruits, and by biological tests for the cited viruses and xyloporosis. For the viroids, was used RT-PCR too. All the biological tests were positive for tristeza disease and negative for xyloporosis. For exocortis, 82.5% of the tests were positive. In the case of the psorosis, 11.2% of the tests were positive although the plants in the field do not present symptoms. To the tristeza disease, the reaction in 'Galego' was of weak (58.8%), middle (40.0%) and strong (1.2%), without pittings in the branches of the plants in the field. The viroids Hop stunt viroid (HSVd), Citrus dwarfing viroid (CVd-III) and the Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) were found, respectively, in 31.3%, 82.5% and 100.0% of the plants. All of the plants in study were infected with the CTV and the CEVd, that was found isolately or in combinations with other viroids. Differences observed in the expression of the exocortis symptoms and tristeza disease in the cup and in the rootstock can be attributed to interferences between the viroids and the selection by the multiplication through cuttings of infected trees by strains few virulent. The nutritional state, development, production and quality of the fruits, did not presented association with the type of contamination by viroids, what also occurred with the applicant mother plants selected in function of the production and physical quality of the fruits.
Orientador: Antonio Baldo Geraldo Martins
Coorientador: Eduardo Sanches Stuchi
Banca: José Orlando de Figueiredo
Banca: Maria Luísa Penteado Natividade Targon
Banca: José Carlos Barbosa
Banca: Antonio de Goes
Doutor
Sheldon, Candice Claire. "Hammerhead mediated self-cleavage of plant pathogenic RNAs /". Title page, contents and summary only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs544.pdf.
Testo completoCastellano, Pérez Mayte. "ESTUDIO DE LAS ALTERACIONES EN EL PATRON DE METILACIÓN DEL DNA DEL HUÉSPED INDUCIDAS POR UN VIROIDE NUCLEAR". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/77992.
Testo completoEn el primer capítulo determinamos que plantas de pepino infectadas con el viroide del enanismo del lúpulo (HSVd) acumulaban altos niveles de sRNAs derivados del RNA ribosomal. Además, este efecto se correlacionó con un aumento de la transcripción de los precursores de los RNAs ribosomales debido a una disminución de la metilación del DNA en su región promotora poniendo de manifiesto que ciertos genes ribosomales (normalmente silenciados) reactivaban su actividad transcripcional durante la infección. En el siguiente capítulo y con el objetivo de determinar si este proceso podía ser un fenómeno común a otros sistemas planta-patógeno, analizamos plantas de N.benthamiana transgénicas que expresaban de forma constitutiva la secuencia dimérica del viroide. Se observó cómo la acumulación de los sRNAs en plantas transgénicas era similar a la observada en los pepinos infectados, promoviendo el desequilibrio de la acumulación de rb-sRNAs. Mediante secuenciación de DNA bisulfitado demostramos que este fenómeno volvía a estar ligado con la pérdida de metilación de citosinas en un contexto simétrico. Al igual que en pepino este fenómeno correlacionaba con un aumento de la transcripción de estas zonas de DNA hipometiladas. En el tercer capítulo y mediante ensayos de immuno-precipitación, fue posible determinar que tanto en pepino como en N. benthaminana el HSVd formaba complejos estables in vivo con la proteína HISTONA DEACETILASA 6 (HDA6), un componente clave del proceso de metilación de diversos DNAs repetitivos, entre los que se encuentra el DNA ribosomal. Estos resultados sugerían que esta interacción HSVd-HDA6 generaría un déficit funcional de HDA6 que podría ser responsable de las alteraciones epigenéticas observadas en el huésped durante la infección. Esta hipótesis fue consistente con la observación de que la sobreexpresión transitoria de HDA6 en plantas infectadas revirtió el estado de hipometilación del rDNA inducido por el viroide. Inesperadamente, observamos que la sobreexpresión de HDA6 inducía una significativa reducción en los niveles de acumulación del viroide en la planta infectada. Además, la acumulación del viroide en las células infectadas aumentó al silenciar de forma transitoria la expresión de HDA6 evidenciando la existencia de una relación antagónica entre la concentración de HDA6 y la del viroide. Una vez determinado que, en tejidos vegetativos del huésped, el HSVd induce alteraciones en el mapa epigenético de las zonas promotoras del rDNA, en el último capítulo de esta tesis analizamos si tejidos reproductivos del huésped mostraban alteraciones similares durante la infección. Para ello se analizaron granos de polen de flores provenientes de plantas de pepino infectadas por el HSVd. El análisis estructural de estas células reproductivas indico que la acumulación de HSVd inducía la descondensación de la cromatina nucleolar responsable de la transcripción de los rRNAs en el núcleo generativo. Esta alteración correlacionó con una significativa desmetilación de DNAs ribosomales y los asociados a Elementos Transponibles. Mediante análisis de qRT-PCR fue posible determinar que esta alteración en los patrones de metilación se correspondía con un significativo aumento de su actividad transcripcional lo que permite afirmar que al igual que lo observado en hoja, la infección por HSVd induce alteraciones a nivel de los mecanismos de regulación transcripcional también en tejidos reproductivos del huésped. Esta observación permite especular con la posibilidad de que estas modificaciones epigenéticas podrían pasar a la siguiente generación de plantas, confiriendo de esta manera al viroide una ventaja en la adaptación al huésped.
En el primer capítol determinem que plantes de cogombre infectades amb el viroide del nanisme del llúpol (HSVd) acumulaven alts nivells d'sRNA derivats de l'RNA ribosòmic (rb-sRNA). A més, aquest efecte es va correlacionar amb un augment de la transcripció dels precursors dels RNA ribosòmics (rRNA) a causa d'una disminució de la metilació del DNA en la seua regió promotora, i va posar de manifest que certs gens ribosòmics (normalment silenciats) reactivaven la seua activitat transcripcional durant la infecció. En el següent capítol i amb l'objectiu de determinar si aquest procés podia ser un fenomen comú a altres sistemes planta-patogen, analitzem plantes de N. benthamiana transgèniques que expressaven de forma constitutiva la seqüència dimèrica del viroide. Es va observar como l'acumulació dels sRNA en plantes transgèniques era similar a l'observada en els cogombres infectats, promovent el desequilibri de l'acumulació d'rb-sRNA. Mitjançant la seqüenciació del DNA bisulfitat vam demostrar que aquest fenomen tornava a estar lligat a la pèrdua de metilació de citosines en un context simètric. De la mateixa forma que en el cogombre, aquest fenomen es correlacionava amb un augment de la transcripció d'aquestes zones de DNA hipometilades. En el tercer capítol, mitjançant assajos d'immunoprecipitació, va ser possible determinar que tant en cogombre com en N. benthaminana, l'HSVd formava complexos estables in vivo amb la proteïna HISTONA DEACETILASA 6 (HDA6), un component clau del procés de metilació de diversos DNA repetitius, entre els quals es troba el DNA ribosòmic. Aquests resultats suggerien que aquesta interacció HSVd-HDA6 generaria un dèficit funcional d'HDA6 que podria ser responsable de les alteracions epigenètiques observades en l'hoste durant la infecció. Aquesta hipòtesi va ser consistent amb l'observació que la sobreexpressió transitòria d'HDA6 en plantes infectades revertia l'estat d'hipometilació de l'rDNA induït pel viroide. Inesperadament, observem que la sobreexpressió d'HDA6 induïa una significativa reducció en els nivells d'acumulació del viroide en la planta infectada. A més, l'acumulació del viroide en les cèl·lules infectades va augmentar en silenciar de forma transitòria l'expressió d'HDA6, evidenciant l'existència d'una relació antagònica entre la concentració d'HDA6 i la del viroide. Una vegada determinat que, en teixits vegetatius de l'hoste, l'HSVd indueix alteracions en el mapa epigenètic de les zones promotores de l'rDNA, en l'últim capítol d'aquesta tesi analitzem si teixits reproductius de l'hoste mostraven alteracions similars durant la infecció. Amb aquesta finalitat, es van analitzar grans de pol·len de flors provinents de plantes de cogombre infectades per l'HSVd . L'anàlisi estructural d'aquestes cèl·lules reproductives va indicar que l'acumulació d'HSVd induïa la descondensació de la cromatina nucleolar responsable de la transcripció dels rRNA en el nucli generatiu. Aquesta alteració es va correlacionar amb una significativa desmetilació de DNA ribosòmics i els associats a elements transposables (TE). Mitjançant anàlisi de qRT-PCR va ser possible determinar que aquesta alteració en els patrons de metilació es corresponia amb un significatiu augment de la seua activitat transcripcional, la qual cosa va permetre afirmar que, igual que l'observat en la fulla, la infecció per HSVd induïa, també en els teixits reproductius de l'hoste, alteracions dels mecanismes de regulació transcripcional. Aquesta observació va permetre especular amb la possibilitat que aquestes modificacions epigenètiques pogueren passar a la següent generació de plantes, conferint d'aquesta manera al viroide un avantatge d'adaptació a l'hoste.
Castellano Pérez, M. (2017). ESTUDIO DE LAS ALTERACIONES EN EL PATRON DE METILACIÓN DEL DNA DEL HUÉSPED INDUCIDAS POR UN VIROIDE NUCLEAR [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/77992
TESIS
Bussière, Frédéric. "Le viroïde de la mosaïque latente du pêcher (PLMVd), un modèle pour mieux comprendre l'évolution et la biologie des viroïdes du groupe A". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0033/NQ61849.pdf.
Testo completoBussière, Frédéric. "Le viroïde de la mosaïque latente du pêcher (PLMVd) un modèle pour mieux comprendre l'évolution et la biologie des viroïdes du groupe A". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 1999. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4128.
Testo completoSchmitz, Axel. "Untersuchungen zum Pathogenitätsmechanismus von Viroid-RNA". [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=970018894.
Testo completoPiernikarczyk, Rajen Julian Joseph [Verfasser], Gerhard [Gutachter] Steger e Martin [Gutachter] Lercher. "Viroid evolution and viroid-induced pathogenesis networks in host plants / Rajen Julian Joseph Piernikarczyk. Gutachter: Gerhard Steger ; Martin Lercher". Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1111038791/34.
Testo completoVo, Thi Thu [Verfasser]. "Studies on transmissibility, cytopathology and control of Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid and Potato spindle tuber viroid / Thi Thu Vo". Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1160673411/34.
Testo completoRodriguez, Maria Judith B. "Molecular variation in coconut cadang cadang viroid (CCCVd)". Adelaide, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21649.
Testo completoTakeda, Ryuta. "Investigation of RNA Structural Motifs in a Viroid Required for Its Intercellular Trafficking and Characterization of a Plant RNA Ligase Essential for Viroid Replication". The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1297890119.
Testo completoSerra, Alfonso Pedro. "Estudios de Patogenicidad de Viroides del Género Apscaviroide y Hostuviroide en cítricos". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/6028.
Testo completoSerra Alfonso, P. (2009). Estudios de Patogenicidad de Viroides del Género Apscaviroide y Hostuviroide en cítricos [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/6028
Palancia
Carbonell, Olivares Alberto. "Resistencia a viroides inducida por ribozimas de cabeza de martillo y RNAs interferentes". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/2005.
Testo completoCarbonell Olivares, A. (2008). Resistencia a viroides inducida por ribozimas de cabeza de martillo y RNAs interferentes [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/2005
Palancia
Giguère, Tamara. "Détermination de la structure de tous les viroïdes". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11271.
Testo completoBani, Hashemian Seyed Mehdi. "RESPUESTA DE DISTINTOS GENOTIPOS DE CÍTRICOS Y GÉNEROS AFINES A LA INFECCIÓN CON VIROIDES". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/6283.
Testo completoBani Hashemian, SM. (2009). RESPUESTA DE DISTINTOS GENOTIPOS DE CÍTRICOS Y GÉNEROS AFINES A LA INFECCIÓN CON VIROIDES [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/6283
Palancia
Nohales, Zafra Maria Angeles. "Caracterización de actividades RNA ligasa implicadas en la replicación de los viroides nucleares y cloroplásticos". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/12266.
Testo completoNohales Zafra, MA. (2011). Caracterización de actividades RNA ligasa implicadas en la replicación de los viroides nucleares y cloroplásticos [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/12266
Palancia
Aschermann, Monika Katja. "Identifikation eines zellulären RNA-Wechselwirkungspartners von PSTVd in vitro und in vivo". [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962880507.
Testo completoIbiza, Gimeno Vicente Pascual. "Nuevas herramientas en la lucha contra las virosis del pimiento". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/11549.
Testo completoIbiza Gimeno, VP. (2011). Nuevas herramientas en la lucha contra las virosis del pimiento [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/11549
Palancia
Martínez, Arias Germán Eugenio. "Relación entre el silenciamiento de RNA y la patogénesis inducida por un viroide con replicación nuclear". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/11302.
Testo completoMartínez Arias, GE. (2011). Relación entre el silenciamiento de RNA y la patogénesis inducida por un viroide con replicación nuclear [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/11302
Palancia
Trubl, Gareth. "Pioneering Soil Viromics to Elucidate Viral Impacts on Soil Ecosystem Services". The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543425468999981.
Testo completoParmigiani, Silvana Varella. "Acuracia da sorologia em comparação a reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) no diagnostico de infecção materna pelo citomegalovirus". [s.n.], 1999. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313157.
Testo completoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a acurácia do teste sorológico ELISA (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) no diagnóstico de infecção materna pelo citomegalovírus (CMV) em comparação à reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, do tipo validação de teste diagnóstico, no qual foram admitidas 243 gestantes atendidas no Ambulatório de Pré-Natal Especializado do Centro de Assistência Integral à Saúde da Mulher (PNE/CAISM) da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Todas as gestantes tinham indicação de análise sanguínea fetal. As pacientes foram submetidas à coleta de sangue para pesquisa de CMV, utilizando-se comparativamente o teste sorológico em relação à PCR. Neste estudo, o padrão-ouro utilizado foi o teste de PCR em sangue. As principais indicações para a análise fetal foram diagnóstico de malformação do sistema nervoso central (25,5%), toxoplasmose materna (25,5%) e isoimunização pelo fator Rh (14,8%). A freqüência de infecção pregressa pelo CMV foi de 94,6% na população estudada. Duas das pacientes apresentavam suspeita de infecção pelo CMV. Comparando os testes diagnósticos em sangue materno, encontramos uma sensibilidade de 94% e especificidade de 6% da IgG materna; a sensibilidade e especificidade da IgM materna foram 4,0% e 100%, respectivamente. Em conclusão, os testes sorológicos mostraram baixa acurácia diagnóstica em relação à PCR na identificação de gestantes com infecção ativa pelo citomegalovírus na população estudada
Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the serological test ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) for the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, compared to polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A descriptive study was performed selecting 243 pregnant women at PNE/CAISM/UNICAMP. All had indication for fetal blood sampling for reasons other than suspicion for CMV infection and also for suspcion of CMV infection. This group of women were studied through venous blood samples tested for CMV. Serological tests were run and compared to PCR, used as gold standard. The rate of CMV infection determined through IgG was 94,6%. The main reasons for study inclusion were fetal SNC malformation (25,5%), maternal toxoplasmosis (25,5%) and Rh incompatibility (14,8%). Only two women were included because of suspected of CMV. The sensitivity and specificity of serological tests were 94% and 6% for IgG; and 4,0% and 100% for IgM. We concluded that the serological tests had lower sensitivity compared to PCR test in the diagnosis of infection of CMV. Future consequences of positive PCR and negative IgM women is unknown
Mestrado
Tocoginecologia
Mestre em Tocoginecologia
Côté, Fabien. "Caractérisation des mécanismes de réplication et de pathogenèse du viroïde de la mosaïque latente du pêcher (PLMVd)". Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2000.
Cerca il testo completoRoux, Simon, Natalie E. Solonenko, Vinh T. Dang, Bonnie T. Poulos, Sarah M. Schwenck, Dawn B. Goldsmith, Maureen L. Coleman, Mya Breitbart e Matthew B. Sullivan. "Towards quantitative viromics for both double-stranded and single-stranded DNA viruses". PEERJ INC, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622482.
Testo completoMoreira, Alécio Souza. "Epidemiologia comparativa de três viroses em abobrinha de moita (Cucurbita pepo L.)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11135/tde-08022011-092407/.
Testo completoThe zucchini squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, has a good share of world and brazilian output. However, as in every plants of economically important, cucurbits have problems caused by different etiological agents. In the Brazilian production of zucchini squash, already confirmed the presence of 8 viruses, including the potyviruses PRSV-W (Papaya ringspot virus-type W) and ZYMV (Zucchini yellow mosaic virus) and the tospovirus ZLCV (Zucchini lethal chlorosis virus) have been considered the most important viruses by the predominance in several cucurbits producing regions in the Brazil and the considerable damage on production. Whereas the most of the existing epidemiological studies about these three viruses are few and fragmented, it is clear that there are no studies that deal together all the epidemiological parameters of such viruses. The objectives of this work were to study the temporal and spatial progress of these three viruses and the relation between the epidemiology of these viruses in the same field of zucchini squash in addition to better understand the lethal chlorosis pathosystem (caused by ZLCV). Trials were carried out with zucchini squash \'Caserta in the experimental fields of the Departments of Plant Pathology and Nematology (DPP) and Department of Genetics (DGN) at Esalq/USP. The firsts were conducted in 2009 simultaneously in DPP and DGN to study the epidemiology of lethal chlorosis only and to study the population dynamic of thrips Frankliniella zucchini, the vector of this virus. In 2010 three experiments were carried out in different growing seasons in order to compare the epidemiology of the lethal chlorosis, yellow mosaic and common mosaic caused by ZLCV, PRSV-W and ZYMV, respectively. In the experiments with the lethal chlorosis in 2009, the monomolecular model was the best fit to the incidence data and spatial analysis indicated aggregation of the disease at the end of both experiments. In three experiments carried out in 2010, variations in incidence, in the fit of the model and in the spatial distribution of each virus were frequents. For lethal chlorosis, the monomolecular model provided a better fit only in the 3rd growing season. In the first and second growing seasons Gompertz model had the best coefficient of determination. In the spatial distribution, aggregation of disease was detected at the end of the crop cycle again. For yellow mosaic, the models that best fit in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd planting dates were the logistic and monomolecular (this in the last two) respectively. The spatial pattern of this disease were randomly when the disease incidence was low and aggregated when the disease incidence was high. The common mosaic had the lowest incidence in all three seasons. The logistic model was the best fit in all growing seasons and the disease showed a spatial random distribuctions in all experiments. The thrips vector of ZLCV prefer symptomatic plants and good correlations between the number of insects collected with the incidence of lethal chlorosis was found.
Valero, José R. "Perturbations métaboliques chez trois insectes au cours de bacilloses, viroses ou microsporidioses". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33620.
Testo completoMontréal Trigonix inc. 2018
Gas, López Mª Eugenia. "Replicación de los viroides nucleares: motivos estructurales y enzimas implicados en el procesamiento in vivo de sus intermediarios oligoméricos". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de València, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9935.
Testo completoViroids are small, circular, noncoding RNAs that currently are known to infect only plants. They also are the smallest self-replicating genetic units known. Without encoding proteinsand requirement for helper viruses, these small RNAs contain all the information necessary to mediate intracellular trafficking and localization, replication, systemic trafficking, and pathogenicity. All or most of these functions likely result from direct interactions between distinct viroid RNA structural motifs and cellular factors. Viroids present a simple model system to address some basic questions about the RNA structure-function relationships.Replication of viroids entails reiterative transcription of their incoming single-stranded circular genomes, to which the (+) polarity is arbitrarily assigned, cleavage of the oligomeric strands of one or both polarities to unit-length, and ligation to circular RNAs. While cleavage in chloroplastic viroids (family Avsunviroidae) is mediated by hammerhead ribozymes, where and how cleavage of oligomeric (+) RNAs of nuclear viroids (family Pospiviroidae) occurs in vivo remains controversial.In the present work we have re-examined this question in vivo, using transgenic Arabidopsis lines expressing three dimeric nuclear viroid RNAs and host plants infected. Using this methodology, we have mapped the processing site of these three members at equivalent positions of a conserved region (the hairpin I/double-stranded structure that the upper strand and flanking nucleotides of the central conserved region can form). Together with mapping the in vivo processing site, our results with sixteen mutants of one of these viroids support that cleavage is directed by an RNA motif conserved in all members of the family, and ligation by an extended conformation containing a motif termed loop E. These results have deep implications on the underlying mechanism of both processing reactions, which are most likely catalyzed by enzymes different from those generally assumed: cleavage by a member of the RNase III family, and ligation by an RNA ligase distinct from the only one characterized so far in plants, thus predicting the existence of a least a second plant RNA ligase.
Müller, Merold. "Isolierung und Charakterisierung von Ribonukleasen aus der Kartoffel (Solanum tuberosum) und Studien zu ihrer möglichen Beteiligung an der Viroid-Replikation /". [S.l. : s.n.], 1999. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/31169067X.pdf.
Testo completoSeike, Sergio Hayato. "Estudo comparativo da fauna de artropodes associada a plantas de Sida Rhombifolia L. (Malvaceae) sadias e, infectadas naturalmentes pelo virus da cloros e infecciosa das malvaceas". [s.n.], 1993. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/316095.
Testo completoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Os insetos orientam-se através de uma série de características das plantas para localizá-las, identificá-las e aceitá-las. As plantas podem sofrer grandes alterações pela infecção por certos vírus, o que pode interferir na fauna de artrópodes associados a essas plantas. No presente trabalho foi verificado como, em condições naturais, a composição e a estrutura da comunidade de artrópodes é afetada pela virose em sua planta hospedeira. A planta escolhida para a pesquisa foi Sida rhombifolia, uma malvácea invasora que freqüentemente é encontrada infectada pelo vírus da clorose infecciosa das malváceas ("abutilon virus 1"). Ao longo de um ano, foram realizadas coletas quinzenais de plantas com e sem virose e dos artrópodes encontrados nessas plantas. As coletas foram realizadas em uma área de pasto de cerca de 16000m2 na Fazenda Santa Elisa, Campinas, SP. Foram medidas a altura e a biomassa (peso seco) das plantas e a biomassa dos artrópodes. Nas análises de aglomerados e de componentes principais, não foram encontradas diferenças relevantes entre as comunidades de fitófagos de plantas de S. rhombifolia com e sem vírus. Entretanto, foram detectadas diferenças significativas a níveis de populações. Os pulgões, grupo mais numeroso, foram mais abundantes em plantas com virose, sendo assim responsáveis pelo índice de diversidade de Shannon menor nessas plantas. Esses insetos também tiveram pronunciada influência no número total de artrópodes, sendo também responsáveis pela tendência das plantas com vírus possuírem mais artrópodes. Além dos pulgões, as aranhas e mais duas espécies de insetos foram mais numerosas em plantas com virose. Em contraste, foram encontradas duas espécies de insetos mais abundantes em plantas sadias. A mosca branca, provavelmente Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Alleyrodidae), transmissora do vírus em questão, mostrou-se indiferente. A abundância dos artrópodes em plantas com e sem vírus variou segundo as características de cada espécie, não existindo um padrão. O maior número de indivíduos de algumas populações de artrópodes em plantas com vírus, foi parcialmente compensado pelo maior número de indivíduos de outras espécies em plantas sadias. Isso atenuou as diferenças a nível de comunidades nas plantas com e sem vírus. Essa compensação pode ser devido ao acaso, pela resposta diferenciada de cada espécie às mudanças ocorridas na planta infectada. Porém, mecanismos interativos entre as populações de artrópodes também podem estar atuando
Abstract: Phytophagous insects use many different plant characters as cues to locate and exploit suitable hosts. Some viruses may cause severe changes on plants, that may affect the associated insects. The aim of the present work is to analyse the influence of infection by abutilon virus 1. in Sida rhombifolia (Malvaceae) on the structure and composition of the arthropod communities associated with this weed in natural conditions. Samples of plants and their associated arthropods were taken every 2 weeks during a year. Data were collected in 16000m2 area at Santa Elisa farm, Campinas, SP. Plant height and biomass (dry weight), and arthropod biomass were measured. Cluster and Principal Component Analyses did not show any relevant differences amongst plant phytophagous communities occuring on infected and non-infected S. rhombifolia plants. However, significant differences were detected at the population level. Aphids, the more abundant group, presented higher density in infected plants. These insects were responsible for lower Shannon diversity index detected in infected plants. Higher densities of spiders and 2 other insect species were also detected on these plants. On the other hand, 2 different insect species were more numerous in non-infected plants. The white fly, c.f.Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Alleyrodidae), vector of this viruse, did not show significant numerical difference between infected and non-infected plants. The size of some insect populations on infected plants were compensated by size of other species populations on non-infected ones. This fact attenuated, at the community level, differences presented at the population level. This compensation may be a consequence of differential responses of insect populations to infected plants. In spite of that, interactive mechanisms amongst arthropod populations may be also occurring
Mestrado
Mestre em Ecologia
Santos, Ana Claudia Ferrari dos [UNESP]. "Viroses respiratórias em receptores de transplante de células tronco hemapoéticas e pacientes oncohematológicos". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88101.
Testo completoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Fundação Amaral Carvalho
As infecções ocasionadas por vírus respiratórios (VR) causam significante morbidade e mortalidade em pacientes imunocomprometidos, especialmente em receptores de transplante de células tronco hematopoéticas (TCTH). Durante o período de abril a outubro de 2008 realizou-se estudo prospectivo em coorte no Hospital Amaral Carvalho, com vigilância de sintomas respiratórios por meio de busca ativa entre os receptores de TCTH (grupo 1, N=138), portadores de doenças oncohematológicas (grupo 2, N=325), e acompanhantes e profissionais de saúde (grupo 3, N=36). Os objetivos foram: 1) avaliar freqüência dos VR em receptores de TCTH assintomáticos antes da admissão (triagem VR); 2) avaliar o impacto da busca ativa dos sintomas respiratórios na freqüência do diagnóstico; 3) avaliar a circulação de VR da comunidade em ambiente hospitalar por meio do diagnóstico de pacientes ambulatoriais, funcionários e acompanhantes; 4) determinar a proporção das viroses respiratórias que foram adquiridas por transmissão intra-hospitalar; e 5) promover programa de educação continuada sobre viroses respiratórias. As técnicas diagnósticas utilizadas foram: imunofluorescência direta (IFD) para RSV, parainfluenza (PIV), adenovírus (ADV) e vírus influenza (INF) A e B, e PCR real time (ensaio Taqman) para INF A e B, rinovírus (HRV) e metapneumovírus (hMPV). A triagem de VR em 62 receptores de TCTH assintomáticos identificou INF B e HRV em dois pacientes (3,2%), 7 e 14 dias antes do TCTH, respectivamente. O paciente com HRV apresentou falência do enxerto durante o seguimento. No grupo 1, foi diagnosticado VR em 19 dos 138 receptores de TCTH (13,8%) após mediana de 34 (3 a 61) visitas de vigilância por paciente. A média de episódios de sintomas respiratórios foi de 1,7 (1 a 5) episódios por paciente. A detecção de VR teve ocorrência maior para receptores de TCTH conforme...
Infections caused by respiratory viruses (RV) cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, especially in recipients of hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT). From April to October 2008, a prospective cohort study was conducted at Hospital Amaral Carvalho in HSCT recipients (group 1, N = 138), oncohematologic patients (group 2, N = 325), and chaperones and health care workers (HCW) (group 3, N = 36). The objectives were: 1) evaluate the frequency of RV in asymptomatic HSCT recipients before admission (RV screening), 2) evaluate the impact of respiratory symptoms surveillance in the frequency of the diagnosis, and 3) evaluate the circulation of community RV in the hospital through the detection of RV in HSCT outpatients, HCW and accompanying persons, 4) determine the proportion of hospital-acquired RV infections among HSCT recipients, and 5) implement an educational program on RV control. The diagnostic techniques used were immunofluorescence (DFA) for RSV, parainfluenza virus (PIV), adenovirus (ADV) and influenza virus (INF) A and B, and real time PCR (Taqman assay) for INF A and B, rhinovirus (HRV ) and metapneumovirus (hMPV). The RV screening in 62 asymptomatic HSCT recipients identified INF B and HRV in two patients (3.2%), 7 and 14 days before HSCT, respectively. The patient with HRV had graft failure during follow-up. In group 1, RV was diagnosed in 19 of the 138 HSCT recipients (13.8%) after a median of 34 (3 to 61) surveillance visits per patient. The mean number of episodes of respiratory symptoms was 1.7 (1 to 5) episodes per patient. The increasing number of surveillance visits favored the diagnosis of RV (p = 0.008). Infections diagnosed in the RV group 1 were: RSV in 9 cases (6.5%), hMPV in 1 (0.7%), RSV and hMPV in 1 (0.7%), HRV in 3 (2.2%), INF A / B 1 (0.7%), INF B in 4 (2.9%). Progression to pneumonia occurred in 3 patients (16%)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Couto, Carla Renata. "Viroses respitarórias após vacinação contra influenza em profissionais de saúde (Projeto Tira-teima)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5134/tde-27052010-161855/.
Testo completoINTRODUCTION: Compliance with influenza vaccination has been historically poor among health care workers (HCW), ranging from 2 to 36% world around. The occurrence of respiratory symptoms following influenza vaccination is frequently taken as vaccine failure which reinforces vaccine disbelief. A preliminary study conducted at Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, showed that the main reasons for non-compliance with influenza vaccination were the perception of vaccine inefficacy and fear of adverse events. OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence of adverse events after seasonal influenza vaccination and identify other respiratory viruses causing upper respiratory infections in vaccinated HCWs. METHODS: A cohort of 398 vaccinated HCWs was prospectively surveyed for the occurrence of any adverse event in the first 48h after vaccination. A subset of the original cohort (337 HCWs) was followed up during four months, twice a week, for the detection of respiratory symptoms. Nasal washes were taken if respiratory symptoms occurred. Direct immunofluorescent assay (DFA) was performed for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza (INF) A and B, parainfluenza (PIV) 1, 2 and 3, and adenovirus (ADV). PCR was performed for the detection of human rhinoviruses (HRV), ADV and coronaviruses (hCoV); and real time PCR for the detection of human metapneumovirus (hMPV). To assure greatest sensitivity of influenza diagnosis, real time PCR was added to the diagnostic tools of influenza viruses. RESULTS: Adverse events were reported by 30% of the HCWs, being headache and myalgia reported by 50% and 47% of the participants, respectively. No severe adverse event was observed. One hundred and twenty-one HCWs (35.9%) developed 192 episodes of respiratory symptoms during follow-up and nasal washes were taken in 93 of them. Influenza A virus was detected in five of the 93 episodes (5.3%) and other respiratory viruses in 26 (27.9%). In the remaining 61 episodes (65.6%) no respiratory virus was identified. The incidence density of influenza was 4.3 episodes per 100 HCW-month, while the incidence density of other respiratory viruses was 10.8 episodes per HCW-month. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza vaccine is safe. The fear of adverse events as well as the perception of vaccine inefficacy seems to be unjustified in this population. The present study showed that the occurrence of upper respiratory infection during the four months following seasonal influenza vaccination of HCWs is generally caused by other respiratory viruses (28%) and not by influenza viruses (5%)
Martínez, Puchol Sandra. "Seqüenciació massiva aplicada a l'epidemiologia d'aigües residuals i a la caracterització de viromes". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672941.
Testo completoNext generation sequencing (NGS) techniques have emerged in the last decade as keystone for the thorough study of microorganisms in a wide variety of samples and settings, replacing traditional molecular methods. In the field of virology, the constant evolution of sequencing platforms and applications enabled the improvement of virome studies. The main limitation when analysing the virome from any type of sample is the low proportion of viral sequences identified compared with the total number of sequences, especially critical for human viruses. In this work we aimed to evaluate the use of different sequencing approaches, target enrichment (TES) and amplicon deep sequencing (ADS), for the characterization of the virome and specific viral pathogens in sewage and as tools for efficient wastewater-based epidemiology in outbreak scenario. The application of TES has proved to be a very successful strategy for the study of vertebrate viruses in sewage samples providing a higher number of detected families, a higher number of members within these families, more reads and larger genome coverage than conventional untargeted viral metagenomics. Additionally, allowed the obtention of SARS-CoV-2 sequences as part of sewage virome in a COVID-19 pandemic context, retrieving also other relevant human and animal coronavirus sequences, shedding light on the co-circulation of different strains in a determined population. In contrast, ADS proved to a very sensitive technique for the description of the diversity within a viral family, enabling the subtyping of sequences belonging to Enterovirus A71 C1 in sewage, while an encephalitis outbreak caused by this strain was happening during sampling period. NGS, with and without TES panels, was also evaluated for the study of viral etiological agents of acute gastroenteritis in a collection of samples tested negative for the commonly associated pathogens. Its application resulted in the detection of emergent viral variants, like Norovirus GIV, and viruses not traditionally tested, like sapoviruses and astroviruses. These results highlighted the need of the incorporation of these viruses in clinical testing and the potential use of viral metagenomics as a diagnostic tool. Lastly, to evaluate the use of enrichment panel in animal virology, TES was applied for the virome study of two economically important fish species from the Portuguese Atlantic coast. Pathogens causing viral nervous necrosis and infectious pancreatic necrosis in fishes were detected, demonstrating the utility of NGS techniques for the study of infections that may cause an economic impact in fish industry. Also, the identification of human noroviruses sequences in one of the fish samples suggested that fish virome studies can be used for evaluating potential threats regarding food safety.