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Tesi sul tema "Vertebrates Physiology"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021
Ultima modifica: 28 gennaio 2023

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1

Jones, Christopher David Stanford. "On the cross-sectional form of the patella in several primates". Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phj764.pdf.

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2

Martinez, Bautista Naim. "Transgenerational Responses to Environmental Stressors in Vertebrates: From Organisms to Molecules". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1609067/.

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Abstract (sommario):
Genomic modifications occur slowly across generations, whereas short-term epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of adaptive phenotypes may be immediately beneficial to large numbers of individuals, acting as a bridge for survival when adverse environments occur. In this study we used dietary exposure to crude oil as an example of an environmental stressor to assess its effects from the molecular to the organismal levels in piscine and avian animal models. In addition, we assessed the role of the parental exposures on their offspring F1 generation. The research developed in this dissertation has contributed to several areas of investigation including molecular biology, animal physiology, and evolutionary biology. The quantitative information from these studies may be utilized to supplement information regarding the proximate and ultimate effects of environmental stressors on fish and bird populations. Furthermore, this information may be used as additional support for understanding the conservation of the responses from the molecular to the whole organismal levels across the vertebrate taxa, as well as their implications for population survival and maintenance. Additionally, the zebrafish (Danio rerio), the Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) and the king quail (Coturnix chinensis) have proven to be excellent models to start building a strong basis for understanding the effects of environmental stressors and transgenerational epigenetic phenomena using a multi-level approach. Furthermore, as more raw data and information is discovered, the concatenation of development, organismal variation, epigenetics inheritance, natural selection, speciation and evolution is being slowly decrypted.
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3

Błaszczak, Zuzanna. "Optical properties of the vertebrate retina". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708798.

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4

Bellier, Pascale. "Effects of extracellular calcium concentrations on cardiac muscle in selected vertebrates". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ32527.pdf.

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5

De, Boef Maria Elizabeth. "Effects of phylogeny, physiology, and function on bone microstructure in extant endothermic vertebrates". Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86513.

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Abstract (sommario):
A strong relationship between bone macrostructural morphology and bone mechanical function has been well documented and is an essential component of many vertebrate biomechanical studies. However, a vastly richer data set could be had if the relationship between bone microstructure and bone function were as well understood. This thesis enumerates the bone microstructure-function relationship in a statistically consistent manor in extant endotherms.
Phylogeny, physiology and function have been shown to independently contribute to bone microstructure morphology. However, rarely have two or more of these factors been examined in combination. In this work the author used various statistical and experimental techniques to quantify the contribution of each of these factors to bone microstructure.
This work is organized into four parts: First, a review of methods used to quantify bone microstructure is given and a new method for quantifying vascular orientation proposed. This method allows the researcher to observe vascular orientation as an unbiased continuous measure and therefore complete more extensive statistical testing. Second, an analysis of the use of skeletochronology for aging three species of extant carnivores is given. This technique, although rarely used in extant endotherms, is commonly used for aging specimens from palaeontological findings. Upon discovering a significant discordance between organismal age and skeletochronology in the carnivorans studied here, I discuss the validity of its use in palaeontology. Third, using a sample of seven carnivoran species, the impact of phylogeny, function and physiology on bone microstructure was tested using a variance partitioning method. It was found that phylogeny has a large and significant impact on bone microstructural characteristics but only in conjunction with functional and physiological variables. When considering the effects of the three "pure" factors I found that physiological factors are the major drivers of bone microstructure. To further explore these findings, the final chapter presents an experimental study on the effects of biomechanical function and repeated loading on the humerus and tibiotarsus in Helmeted GuineaFowl. It was found that the type of strain and the repetition of strain from exercise both significantly impact bone microstructure but the relationship between tensile, compressive and shear strains to microstructure is complex with no obvious correlation.
Il existe une forte relation entre la morphologie de la structure macroscopique des os et leurs caractéristiques fonctionnelles au niveau mécanique. Cette relation est bien documentée et est un aspect essentiel de plusieurs études sur la biomécanique des vertébrés. Cependant, un ensemble de données beaucoup plus étoffé serait disponible si la relation entre la morphologie de la microstructure des os et leur fonction était mieux comprise. La présente thèse comporte une énumération des relations entre la microstructure des os et leurs caractéristiques fonctionnelles chez certaines espèces actuelles d'endothermes, en suivant une approche statistique cohérente.
Il a été démontré que la phylogénie, la fonction et la physiologie contribuent séparément à la morphologie de la microstructure des os. Cependant, les effets combinés de deux ou plusieurs de ces facteurs ont rarement été examinés. Dans la présente étude, l'auteur a utilisé plusieurs méthodes statistiques et expérimentales afin de quantifier l'impact respectif de chacun de ces facteurs sur la microstructure des os.
Cette thèse est organisée en quatre parties. D'abord, une revue des méthodes utilisées pour quantifier la microstructure des os est présentée et une nouvelle méthode pour quantifier l'orientation vasculaire est proposée. Cette nouvelle méthode permet d'observer l'orientation vasculaire d'une manière continue et non-biaisée, et permet donc une analyse statistique plus approfondie. Ensuite, l'utilisation de la squelettochronologie pour la détermination de l'âge de trois espèces de carnivores est analysée. Cette technique, bien que rarement utilisée pour déterminer l'âge chez les endothermes actuels, est communément employée pour les espèces paléontologiques. À la suite de la découverte d'une discordance significative entre l'âge des organismes et la squelettochronologie chez les carnivores étudiés ici, la validité de cette technique en paléontologie est discutée. En troisième partie, à partir d'un échantillon de sept espèces de carnivores et au moyen d'une analyse de partition de variance, l'impact de la phylogénie, de la fonction et de la physiologie sur la microstructure des os a été testé. Il a été découvert que la phylogénie avait un impact important sur la microstructure des os, mais seulement en conjonction avec les variables liées à la fonction et à la physiologie. Lorsque les effets des trois facteurs « purs » étaient considérés, la physiologie était le facteur qui contribuait le plus à la variabilité observée dans la microstructure des os. Afin d'examiner ces résultats plus en détail, le chapitre final présente une expérience investiguant les effets d'une charge répétée et de la fonction biomécanique sur l'humérus et le tibiotarse de la pintade de Numidie (Numida meleagris). Le type d'effort et la répétition de l'effort imposé par l'exercice avaient tous les deux un impact significatif sur la microstructure des os, mais les relations entre les forces de tension, de compression et de cisai
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6

Hedrick, Michael Scott. "Aspects of cardiovascular oxygen transport in vertebrates". PDXScholar, 1985. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3404.

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The hematological and rheological characteristics of blood from a number of vertebrates was compared to assess possible species differences in blood viscosity that may influence cardiovascular oxygen transport. Nucleated red blood cells (RBCs) were more viscous (measured by cone-plate viscometry) in comparison with enucleate (mammalian) RBCs at hematocrits greater than 40% when measured at equivalent temperatures. The lower viscosity of enucleate RBCs is attributed to an enhanced deformability of enucleate cells in comparison to nucleated cells.
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7

Nephew, Benjamin Charles. "Simultaneous modulation of behavioral, cardiovascular, and corticosterone responses to acute stress, with an emphasis on arginine vasotocin /". Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2003.

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Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2003.
Adviser: L. Michael Romero. Submitted to the Dept. of Biology. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 158-180). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
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8

Le, Moine Christophe Marie Renaud. "Evolution of the PGC-1 protein family in the control of oxidative metabolism in vertebrates". Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1307.

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9

Weber, Jean-Michel. "Lactate turnover in fast-moving vertebrates : the control of plasma metabolite fluxes". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27561.

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During sustained exercise, working muscles must be supplied with adequate kinds and amounts of exogenous fuels, and the delivery rates of oxygen and oxidizable substrates should be matched. The study of metabolite fluxes and their regulation is therefore critical to the understanding of exercise metabolism. Lactate has received renewed attention from physiologists and biochemists with the realization that it is not only an end product of glycolysis, but also an important fuel for aerobic work. As an oxidizable fuel, this substrate may provide some performance advantage over other fuels such as glucose and free fatty acids. The goals of this thesis were: 1) to determine whether endurance-adapted animals can support higher plasma lactate turnover rates than sedentary animals; and 2) to investigate the major factors involved in the regulation of plasma metabolite turnover at the whole-organism level - using lactate as a model. Lactate turnover rates were measured by bolus injection of [U-¹⁴C]lactate in skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis, and in thoroughbred racehorses, Equus caballus. In tuna, turnover rates ranged from 112 to 431 umol min⁻¹ kg⁻¹ and they were positively correlated with lactate concentration (slope = 15.1, r = 0.92). This teleost is able to support higher plasma lactate turnover rates than expected for a mammalian lower temperature, and lactate is probably an important oxidizable fuel in this species. For comparative purposes, resting turnover rates of lactate and glucose were plotted versus body mass on a log-log scale for a wide range of mammalian species. These plots were linear, and they showed the same slope as the classic body mass vs metabolic rate relationship. Thoroughbred horses are likely to have an aerobic scope of 40-fold or more. One of their main physiological adaptations to exercise is the ability to increase hematocrit by more than one and a half-fold in response to exercise. In the present study, this adjustment allowed them to reach an A-V difference in 0₂ content of more than 23 vol% during maximal exercise, a much higher value than other mammals. Their lactate turnover rate and cardiac output were measured at rest and two levels of submaximal exercise (45 and 55 V0₂ max) to investigate the relationship between cardiovascular adjustments on plasma lactate turnover rate. Cardiac output ranged from 106 to 571 ml min⁻¹ kg⁻¹, and mean lactate turnover rate from 9.3 at rest, to 75.9 umol min⁻¹ kg⁻¹ at 55% V0₂ max. In contrast with the situation found in tuna, the lactate turnover rates of thoroughbreds were not elevated compared with other mammals, showing that the metabolic adaptations of these outstanding athletes do not include the ability to sustain higher lactate fluxes than sedentary animals. In horses, the contribution of plasma lactate oxidation to V0₂ is minimal, and this substrate is not an important oxidative fuel; lipid oxidation may represent their major pathway for aerobic energy production during exercise. The ability to oxidize plasma lactate at high rates is therefore not necessarily required for the "elite" performance of endurance exercise. This study also shows that both, plasma lactate concentration and cardiac output are positively correlated with turnover rate. The correlation between cardiac output and lactate turnover rate is independent of the relationship between plasma lactate concentration and turnover rate. Plasma metabolite concentration and cardiac output can be regulators of plasma metabolite turnover rate. It is proposed that these two variables are, respectively, the fine and coarse controls for flux rate adjustments during exercise.
Science, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate
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10

Barrott, Jared James. "Wnt5a Signaling Independently of the Planar Cell Polarity Pathway Resulting in Convergent Extension and Neural Tube Closure During Vertebrate Development". Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2612.pdf.

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11

Koussa, Mounir Ahmad. "The Biophysics of Vertebrate Hearing: A Single-Molecule Approach". Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467499.

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Inner-ear mechanotransduction relies on tip links, fine protein filaments made of cadherin-23 and protocadherin-15 that convey tension to mechanosensitive channels at the tips of hair-cell stereocilia. The tip-link cadherins are thought to form a heterotetrameric complex, with two cadherin-23 molecules forming the upper part of the filament and two protocadherin-15 molecules forming the lower end. The interaction between cadherin-23 and protocadherin-15 is mediated by their N-terminal tips. Missense mutations that modify the interaction interface impair binding and lead to deafness. We have developed molecular tools to perform single-molecule force spectroscopy on the tip-link bond. Self-assembling DNA nanoswitches are functionalized with the interacting tips of cadherin-23 and protocadherin-15 using the enzyme sortase under conditions that preserve protein function. These tip-link-functionalized nanoswitches are designed to provide a signature force-extension profile, which allows us to identify single-molecule rupture events that result from applying force. Using this system, we have been able to measure the cadherin-23-protocadherin-15 single-molecule force-dependent off rate, as well as the concentration-dependent on rate for a single pair of these proteins. The rates suggest that a single bond is inadequate to withstand physiological forces for physiological times, but we construct a new model for tip-link dynamics which greatly alters our understanding of tip-link function and explains the necessity for a two-filament tip link.
Medical Sciences
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12

Bursell, James David Hingston. "Swelling-activated membrane transport systems in vertebrate and protozoan cells : a comparative study". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337564.

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13

Zheng, Yalin. "Automated segmentation of lumbar vertebrae for the measurement of spine kinematics". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288154.

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14

Westfall, Carola Hammer 1953. "Bone mineral content of femur, lumbar vertebrae, and radius in eumenorrheic female athletes". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276757.

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This study compared bone mineral index (BMI, gm/cm²) of the femur, spine, and radius, measured by photon absorptiometry in various groups of eumenorrheic female athletes. The sample included body builders (11), swimmers (13), runners (5 collegiate, 11 recreational), and inactive controls (18) averaging 25 years of age, ranging from 17 to 38 years. Lumbar vertebral BMI for body builders (1.40 gm/cm²) was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) greater than controls (1.25 gm/cm²). The body builders' femoral neck BMI (1.09 gm/cm²) was significantly greater than swimmers (0.97 gm/cm², recreational runners and controls (0.95 gm/cm²). Years of exercise history and calcium consumption were not significant predictors of BMI. Correlation coefficients between fat-free body and all BMI sites were significant and more closely related to bone mineral than other variables (weight, height, weight/height²). Correlation coefficients for proximal and distal radius BMI and femoral and spine BMI were significant, the distal radius having higher association.
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15

Hartman, Bakken Bradley. "Vertebrate solutions to the osmoregulatory quandary posed by nectarivory". Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1663059741&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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16

Quentel, Claire. "Modifications sanguines consécutives à l'inoculation d'agents phlogogènes chez la truite arc-en-ciel (salmo gairdneri richardson) cathéterisée". Brest, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BRES2023.

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17

Pinto, Deborrah C. "Variability in the Spine: A Histomorphometric Analysis of Spinous Processes from the Posterior Vertebral Arch". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1238092506.

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Hennig, Matthias H. "The role of non-linearities in visual perception studied with a computational model of the vertebrate retina". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/73.

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Abstract (sommario):
Processing of visual stimuli in the vertebrate retina is complex and diverse. The retinal output to the higher centres of the nervous system, mediated by ganglion cells, consists of several different channels. Neurons in these channels can have very distinct response properties, which originate in different retinal pathways. In this work, the retinal origins and possible functional implications of the segregation of visual pathways will be investigated with a detailed, biologically realistic computational model of the retina. This investigation will focus on the two main retino-cortical pathways in the mammalian retina, the parvocellular and magnocellular systems, which are crucial for conscious visual perception. These pathways differ in two important aspects. The parvocellular system has a high spatial, but low temporal resolution. Conversely, the magnocellular system has a high temporal fidelity, spatial sampling however is less dense than for parvocellular cells. Additionally, the responses of magnocellular ganglion cells can show pronounced nonlinearities, while the parvocellular system is essentially linear. The origin of magnocellular nonlinearities is unknown and will be investigated in the first part of this work. As their main source, the results suggest specific properties of the photoreceptor response and a specialised amacrine cell circuit in the inner retina. The results further show that their effect combines in a multiplicative way. The model is then used to examine the influence of nonlinearities on the responses of ganglion cells in the presence of involuntary fixational eye movements. Two different stimulus conditions will be considered: visual hyperacuity and motion induced illusions. In both cases, it is possible to directly compare properties of the ganglion cell population response with psychophysical data, which allows for an analysis of the influence of different components of the retinal circuitry. The simulation results suggest an important role for nonlinearities in the magnocellular stream for visual perception in both cases. First, it will be shown how nonlinearities, triggered by fixational eye movements, can strongly enhance the spatial precision of magnocellular ganglion cells. As a result, their performance in a hyperacuity task can be equal to or even surpass that of the parvocellular system. Second, the simulations imply that the origin of some of the illusory percepts elicited by fixational eye movements could be traced back to the nonlinear properties of magnocellular ganglion cells. As these activity patterns strongly differ from those in the parvocellular system, it appears that the magnocellular system can strongly dominate visual perception in certain conditions. Taken together, the results of this theoretical study suggest that retinal nonlinearities may be important for and strongly influence visual perception. The model makes several experimentally verifiable predictions to further test and quantify these findings. Furthermore, models investigating higher visual processing stages may benefit from this work, which could provide the basis to produce realistic afferent input.
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Cotter, Meghan Marie. "Gross Morphology, Microarchitecture, Strength and Evolution of the Hominoid Vertebral Body". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1295890557.

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20

Treleaven, Julia. "Dizziness and unsteadiness in persistent whiplash associated disorders : the role of cervical afferent dysfunction /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe.pdf.

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Tan, Celia I. C. "A radiological and biochemical perspective on ageing and degeneration of the human thoracic intervertebral disc". University of Western Australia. School of Surgery and Pathology, 2004. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0059.

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Disc degenerative changes are directly or indirectly associated with spinal pain and disability. Literature revealed a high prevalence of disc degeneration in the thoracic region, however thoracic MRI degeneration trends and information on disc biochemical matrix constituents are limited for thoracic discs compared to lumbar and cervical discs. The objective of this thesis was to use MRI to investigate the prevalence of disc degenerative changes affecting the human thoracic spine, and to determine the factors affecting spinal disc biochemical matrix. A 3-point subjective MRI grading scale was used to grade the films. The feasibility of using archived formalin-fixed cadaver material was investigated to analyse collagen and elastin crosslinks. The prevalence of degenerative changes in human thoracic discs and vertebrae (T1 to T12) was determined retrospectively from an audit of 216 MRI cases, using sagittal T1- and T2-weighted MR images. In a subsequent series of ex-vivo studies, human thoracic discs and LF from 26 formalin-fixed and two fresh spines, involving all thoracic levels, were examined macroscopically to determine the degeneration status. Subsequently, disc and ligament tissues were analysed biochemically for collagen (pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline) and elastin (desmosine and isodesmosine) crosslinks. These crosslinks were extracted from hydrolysed samples by cellulose partition chromatography, and analysed by reverse-phase HPLC. Collagen content was determined using its hydroxyproline content, and proteoglycan content was assayed using a modified DMB assay for chondroitin sulphate. Finally the MRI and macroscopic assessments of thoracic discs, were compared with the biochemical data from two fresh cadaver thoracic spines. The 3-point MRI grading scale had a high inter- (k = 0.57 to 0.78) and intra-rater (k = 0.71 to 0.87) reliability. There were no significant differences in the collagen and elastin content and extent of collagen crosslinks between formalin fixed and unfixed ligament and disc tissues, after 25 weeks of formalin fixation. From the in-vivo MRI series of investigations (n = 216 MRI films), the prevalence of thoracic disc degenerative and vertebral morphological changes revealed significant age, gender and spinal level trends (p < 0.05).Generally, males had a higher propensity for disc degeneration in contrast to females, especially older females, where the trend showed a higher prevalence of osteophytes and vertebral body changes. In particular, the mid and lower thoracic levels have a higher prevalence of degenerative changes, except for osteophytes and anterior vertebral wedging. With increased age, there was a concomitant increase in anterior wedging and bi-concavity and disc degenerative changes except for end-plates. The biochemical investigations on the ex-vivo series of formalin-fixed thoracic discs (n = 303) also revealed significant changes in the disc matrix due to degeneration status, age, gender and spinal regional factors. With increased age, normal disc matrices have significantly lower collagen content and extent of pyridinoline (p < 0.001). In contrast, the degenerated disc matrix revealed significantly higher collagen content and extent of deoxypyridinoline (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that an altered matrix existed in normal ageing discs, which render the disc prone to injury and degeneration over the life span. The higher collagen and deoxypyridinoline in degenerated disc matrices reflects an increase in chondrocyte synthesis, and is also a novel finding, suggesting that they may be used as markers of ageing and degeneration processes. The biochemical investigations on another series of ex-vivo spinal LF tissues (n = 364), revealed that this had a lower collagen and pyridinoline, but significantly higher elastin and deoxypyridinoline compared to spinal discs (p < 0.05). Elastin crosslinks however were difficult to detect in spinal discs, being present in negligible amounts in a few lumbar discs. The elastin crosslinks in the LF were not significantly affected by age, but were significantly higher in calcified, and female ligamentum tissues, and also in the lumbar region (p < 0.05). These MRI prevalence findings enhanced our knowledge of vertebral body and disc degeneration trends in the thoracic region and contributed to the interpretation of MR images for pathology in the human thoracic spine. Information on the associated collagenous and elastic changes in the disc and ligamentum matrices provide original data and insight on the pathogenesis of degeneration in the disc matrix from a biochemical perspective, highlighting gender, age and spinal level influences on the matrix tensile strength and cellular synthetic activities.
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Kmetzsch, Kate E. "Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Whereby the Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER), Via Wnt5a, Mediates Directional Migration of the Adjacent Mesenchyme During Vertebrate Limb Development". Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3136.pdf.

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Hantraye, Philippe. "Physiologie et physiopathologie des recepteurs des benzodiazepines de type central : etudes chez le singe et l'homme par tomographie par emission de positons". Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066425.

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24

Salem, Walid. "La colonne cervicale de la physiologie intersegmentaire tridimensionnelle à la manipulation ostéopathique par haute vitesse basse amplitude études in vivo". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209564.

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Abstract (sommario):
Ce travail de thèse porte sur des études de la cinématique 3D de la colonne cervicale in vivo chez des sujets asymptomatiques (N=30); il se divise en quatre parties. La colonne cervicale de tous les sujets est reconstruite en 3D à partir des images de tomodensitométrie dans différentes positions :position neutre, rotation axiale gauche et droite et lors du positionnement pré-manipulatif de la tête.

La première partie de ce travail a comme objectif fondamental de déterminer la cinématique 3D inter-segmentaire de la colonne cervicale, lors de la rotation axiale maximale de la tête. Les valeurs déterminées pour tous les paramètres cinématiques 3D vont nous servir comme base de données de référence.

Dans la deuxième partie, nous souhaitons contribuer à une meilleure compréhension du rôle des ligaments alaires lors de la rotation axiale. Pour cela, nous avons déterminé la cinématique 3D de l’os occipital par rapport à l’axis. Même s’il est inhabituel d’ignorer l’atlas, il nous a semblé plus juste de considérer les segments osseux qui livrent les principales insertions des ligaments alaires. La biomécanique de ces ligaments dépend des mouvements de l’os occipital par rapport à l’axis.

La troisième partie est orientée vers l’objectif principal de la thèse qui vise à déterminer les amplitudes articulaires inter-segmentaires lors de la position pré-manipulative de la colonne cervicale. Cette étude va nous permettre de comparer les amplitudes atteintes lors de la mise en position pré-manipulative avec celles des mouvements physiologiques.

La dernière partie a pour objectif principal de déterminer la longueur du trajet de l’artère vertébrale en position neutre, et ensuite de comparer la variation de longueur du trajet de l’artère vertébrale entre la position en rotation axiale maximale de la tête d’une part, et la position pré-manipulative d’autre part, donc lors de l’application d’une technique manipulative à composantes multiples telle qu’utilisée régulièrement en ostéopathie.

En comparant la position pré-manipulative à la rotation physiologique, les résultats les plus importants de ce travail sont :(1) les amplitudes segmentaires sont inférieures pour la position pré-manipulative et (2) l’artère vertébrale est moins allongée lors de cette mise en position que lors de la rotation physiologique. Ces deux faits, jusque-là inédits, sont importants en clinique ostéopathique courante et montrent l’importance d’un choix judicieux de la technique manipulative et de son exécution.


Doctorat en Sciences de la motricité
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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LEGRAND, PHILIPPE. "Biosynthese et utilisation des lipides chez le poulet (gallus domesticus) : comparaison de deux lignees selectionnees de poulets maigres et gras". Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066480.

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26

Simonneaux, Valérie. "Role des compartiments juxta-epitheliaux - mucus et tissu sereux - dans l'iono- et l'osmo- regulation digestive chez l'anguille europeenne d'eau de mer". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13100.

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27

Guilloteau, Paul. "Digestion des proteines chez le jeune ruminant". Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066588.

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28

Geraert, Pierre-André. "Etude des metabolismes energetique et proteique de deux lignees de poulets genetiquement maigres ou gras". Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066392.

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29

Kassem, Mahmoud. "Anatomie comparee de l'encephale et des organes des sens chez les poissons teleosteens du sous-ordre des gobioidei". Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077032.

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30

Cabrera, Bascardal María Cristina. "Modifications du métabolisme phosphocalcique provoquées par l'histamine chez la poule pondeuse (Gallus domesticus)". Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066375.

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31

Cordier-Picouet, Marie-Jeanne. "Organisation du systeme visuel et mise en place de la retinotopie tectale chez les amphibiens anoures". Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077104.

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32

Couzy, François. "Activite physique et metabolisme du zinc chez l'homme et le rat". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066173.

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33

Khallouk, Rachida. "Etudes fonctionnelles des adaptations induites par la stimulation chronique des récepteurs opioïdes de type mu et delta". Rouen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ROUES015.

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Abstract (sommario):
L'administration chronique par voie intracérébroventriculaire de thiorphan, un inhibiteur de l'enképhalinase, induit une tolérance à son effet analgésique, évalué par la latence du saut sur le test de la plaque chaude et à son effet stimulant moteur. Le développement de cette tolérance s'accompagne d'une diminution du taux d'ARN messagers de la préproenképhaline A striatale, précurseur des enképhalines endogènes tandis qu'aucune modification de l'activité enképhalinasique n'a été notée. La tolérance à l'effet analgésique de l'acétorphan n'est pas croisée avec celle de la morphine. De façon similaire la tolérance à l'effet analgésique de la morphine ou la sensibilisation à son effet stimulant moteur, développées par administration chronique sous-cutanée de l'opiacé, laisse inchangé l'effet antinociceptif et stimulant moteur de l'acétorphan. On n'a pas observé de signes patents de dépendance physique lors de l'injection de naloxone à des rats traités chroniquement par le thiorphan. Ceci paraît corroboré par l'absence de sensibilisation à l'effet stimulant moteur de l'inhibiteur après son administration chronique. Les agonistes dopaminergiques D2, de façon indépendante de leur effet hypothermisant, induisent une analgésie. Cette analgésie implique une voie opioïdergique mais non enképhalinergique. Une tolérance croisée, sur le test de la plaque chaude a été observée entre le piribédil (agoniste D2) et la morphine après leur administration chronique. L'intensité de cette tolérance paraît plus importante après l'administration chronique de l'opiacé
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34

Achi, Taous. "Utilisation nutritionnelle de la feve, de la lentille et du pois chiche chez le rat en croissance : influence de la flore intestinale sur la digestion azotee dans le gros intestin". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF2D208.

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35

Obled, Christiane. "Aspect dynamique du metabolisme proteique au cours du developpement du rat apres le sevrage : contribution a l'evaluation des methodes de mesure des vitesses d'utilisation metabolique des acides amines". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF2E404.

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36

Hardy, Olivier. "Le toit optique du pigeon : propriétés fonctionnelles et organisation neuronale". Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066028.

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Abstract (sommario):
Étude des propriétés des champs récepteurs des neurones du toit optique de pigeon, comparaison avec celles des neurones du colliculus des mammifères. Mise en évidence d'un rôle majeur du toit optique des oiseaux dans le traitement de l'information visuelle. Les réseaux neuronaux responsables de ce traitement ont été étudiés par enregistrement et marquage intracellulaire à l'HRP. Un modèle d'organisation de ces réseaux est proposé.
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37

Ouedraogo, Lazare. "Etude de quelques effets de la métamorphose des amphibiens sur certaines protéines et sur la structure hépatique". Paris 13, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA132022.

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38

Cann-Moisan, Christine. "Etude par HPLC des nucléotides énergétiques chez la truite arc-en-ciel (Salmo gairdneri, R. ) à deux stades de son développement : exemple d'influence d'un facteur de l'environnement : la pression hydrostatique". Brest, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BRES2006.

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39

Moutin, Marie-Jo. "Etude de la libération de calcium par le reticulum sarcoplasmique du muscle squelettique". Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10086.

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40

Auvray, Nathalie. "Etude comportementale de l'influence du cervelet dans l'acquisition du comportement d'équilibration chez le jeune rat". Rouen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ROUES051.

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41

Tillet, Yves. "Les monoamines de l'encephale du mouton (ovis aries) : etude immunocytochimique de la microanatomie et de l'ontogenese des structures concernees". Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066580.

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Abstract (sommario):
L'utilisation d'antiserums reconnaissant la serotonine et les enzymes de synthese des catecholamines a permis la mise en evidence, par immunocytochimie, des structures serotoninergiques et catecholaminergiques dans le snc du mouton. Des investigations identiques faites chez le foetus ont permis de montrer une apparition tres precoce de ces amines dans le snc. Le developpement des structures serotoninergiques est precoce et rapide, plus que celui des structures catecholaminergiques
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42

Nedelec, Jean-François. "Modifications du metabolisme hepatique chez la souris : effets d'une leucemie (mplv) : effets de la conservation a basse temperature : application de la resonnance magnetique nucleaire". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066436.

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43

Claeyssens, Sophie. "Influence de l'adénosine sur la néoglucogénèse et sur la cétogénèse des hépatocytes isolés de rat". Rouen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ROUES009.

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44

Papet, Isabelle. "Catabolisme des acides amines a chaine ramifiee chez l'agneau preruminant : influence d'exces alimentaires en leucine". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF21079.

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45

Robin, Jean-Patrice. "Modifications metaboliques et comportementales au cours du jeune prolonge : realimentation apres un jeune prolonge". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13055.

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46

Babin, Patrick. "Lipoproteines et apolipoproteines plasmatiques chez les poissons teleosteens". Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066032.

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Abstract (sommario):
Caracterisation des lipoproteines plasmatiques et de leurs apolipoproteines chez salmo gairdneri. Determination de leur masse moleculaire et de leur densite. L'etude au long du cycle annuel de reproduction a permis de demontrer la presence de proteines vitellines ovulaires dans le plasma. De plus, le role des lipoproteines, plasmatiques dans la steroidogenese ovarienne a ete etudie
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47

Borel, Patrick. "Effets du son et du germe de ble sur l'activite in vitro de la lipase pancreatique, et sur la digestion et le metabolisme des lipides chez le rat". Aix-Marseille 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX22078.

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48

Chambaz, Jean. "Metabolisme des acides gras essentiels par les hepatocytes de rat en culture". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066669.

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Abstract (sommario):
La composition en apolipoproteines des lipoproteines synthetisees et secretees par des hepatocytes a ete caracterisee par immuntransfert et immunolocalisation. Les mecanismes de constitution et secretion de pools de lipides porteurs des acides gras essentiels sont caracterises
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49

Caroff-André, Anne. "Etude des differents types cellulaires de l'epithelium branchial de deux poissons euryhalins : le guppy et la truitelle, et d'un poisson stenohalin : le turbot, leurs significations fonctionnelles". Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066295.

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Abstract (sommario):
Caracterisation de differents types cellulaires de l'epithelium branchial de deux poissons euryhalins : le guppy et la truitelle et d'un poisson stenohalin : le turbot. Le resultat majeur de ce travail concerne l'observation de plusieurs types de cellules a chlorure des epitheliums branchiaux de poissons marins et d'eau douce. L'osmoregulation a ce niveau est observee
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50

Barakat, Mohamed. "Étude neuroanatomique de quelques systèmes peptidergiques hypothalamiques chez un mammifère hibernant, la gerboise (jaculus orientalis)". Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10106.

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Abstract (sommario):
Détermination des caractéristiques nécessaires et suffisantes à l'installation d'un sommeil hibernal chez la gerboise. Réalisation d'un atlas stéréotaxique du diencéphale et description de la neuroanatomie immunocytochimie des systèmes peptidergiques : la vasopressine, l'ocytocine, la corticoliberine et le neuropeptide Y. L'évolution quantitative de ces quatre neuropeptides a été suivie au cours de la période de poikilothermie et de jeune et à l'occasion de la procédure de réveil
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