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Emeka, Anichebe Gregory. "Verification and Processing of Academic Certificates Using Web Services". PERSPEKTIF 13, n. 1 (30 gennaio 2024): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/perspektif.v13i1.10658.
Abstract (sommario):
A web service is a set of code of a server application that performs a specific task or service whenever it is invoked through a Remote Procedure Call (RPC) by a client application that is connected to the server over the Internet. Web services are one of the digital strategies that can be used by the government for curtailing academic certificate scandals being perpetrated by fraudulent individuals in various sectors of the economy. The traditional method of checking academic records and certificates manually is inefficient and prone to forgery by unscrupulous elements. Similarly, the e-transcript system being adopted by some organizations to authenticate the academic qualifications of individuals for possible admission or employment still involves a manual process. The objective of this work therefore is to show how web services for certificate verification of all tiers of the educational system in Nigeria can be maintained by one central body which is the Federal Ministry of Education in Nigeria to enable various end-users (such as educational institutions, commercial organizations, etc) use the web services to authenticate and process the academic records of individuals effortlessly. A simulated data of 20 SSCE results of students who completed their secondary school education at various institutions was used to illustrate the application of a web service. The web service program was written in Java. A client application which was also written in Java was used to query the web service through RPC to authenticate and process the certificate claims of a sample of five students for admission into a tertiary institution. Results showed that the web service excellently ascertained the eligible candidates for admission and those that were not. The web service technology is therefore highly recommended for use by the federal ministry of education in Nigeria to eradicate the academic certificate scandals amongst the citizenry.
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Santoso, Budi, Julita Hendrartini, Bambang Udji Djoko Rianto e Laksono Trisnantoro. "SYSTEM FOR DETECTION OF NATIONAL HEALTHCARE INSURANCE FRAUD BASED ON COMPUTER APPLICATION". Public Health of Indonesia 4, n. 2 (21 giugno 2018): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36685/phi.v4i2.199.
Abstract (sommario):
Background: The national healthcare insurance (JKN) has been in deficit since 2014-2016; one of the causes is fraud inpatient hospital service. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the validity, reliability and effectiveness of detection system of national healthcare insurance fraud based on computer application in hospital.Methods: Cross-sectional method was used. Fraud data were collected at one episode in the inpatient JKN participant service.Results: Validity was assessed by Fischer exact test. The interpretation was done by hospital internal verification officer and BPJS Kesehatan verification officer. There were only 2 out of 1.106 services claims were different, resulted in p-value 0.01. Reliability was assessed using Human Organization Technology Benefit questionnaire filled by admission administrator officer, BPJS Kesehatan officer and hospital internal verification officer; and then analyzed using Stata® software resulting in Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.8. Effectiveness was assessed by reducing potential fraud, conducted by RSUP dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro from May until July 2017, which on May 2018 there were 8 findings, June 1 finding, and on July 2018 had no finding.Conclusion: System for detection of national healthcare insurance fraud based on computer application is valid, reliable and effective to be implemented in inpatient service in hospital.
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Kapidžić-Duraković, Suada, Maida Zonić-Imamović e Ahmet Mulaosmanović. "Family participation in determination of FIM and Barthel indices". Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 6, n. 2 (20 maggio 2008): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2006.3172.
Abstract (sommario):
Functional Independence Measure (FIM) is a basic indicator of severity of disability, and is used for measurement of functional independence. The aim of this paper is to present our initial experiences in the application of FIM. It needs to be noted that we have had an incomplete team in implementation of this project, and also that we have involved the patients and their families in the measurement of FIM. We selected a small sample of 23 patients, and measured their FIM and Barthel index both at the admission and discharge from the hospital. We do accept that this sample may be too small for the purposes of scientific verification. Therefore, we have included patients and their family members in the process of FIM measurement, along with the team members including a physiatrist, physiotherapist, nurse, and a help-nurse. Most of the subjects included in this project were patients with hemiplegia after a stroke (65.21 %), followed by quadriplegic patients (17.39 %), and patients with paraplegia (17.39 %). Gender structure shows 47.82 % male and 52.17 % female patients. The best progress (an increase in score from 4 to 53 points) in FIM was observed in patients with hemiplegia, and in Barthel index in patients with quadriplegia (an increase in score from 0 to 84). The differences are not statistically significant (p>0.05). The patients with hemiplegia were hospitalized in our clinic for the shortest period of time (around one month). Average rehabilitation time in our clinic for paraplegic patients was around 3 months, and for quadriplegic patients around 4 months (including early rehabilitation). We established that the patients who actively participated in FIM measurement had more control over their own medical assistance, and this participation had a supportive effect on patients. Their participation in FIM measurement needed constant encouragement. In order to make our claim that the FIM is a good supportive method as objective as possible, and in order to establish a correlation between disability and handicap, we intend to include a psychologist and apply Antonov SOC theory (coherency feeling) in our forthcoming research.
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Warren, David K., Katelin B. Nickel, Anna E. Wallace, Daniel Mines, Victoria J. Fraser e Margaret A. Olsen. "Can Additional Information Be Obtained from Claims Data to Support Surgical Site Infection Diagnosis Codes?" Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 35, S3 (ottobre 2014): S124—S132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/677830.
Abstract (sommario):
Objective.International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis codes are increasingly used to identify healthcare-associated infections, often with insufficient evidence demonstrating validity of the codes used. Absent medical record verification, we sought to confirm a claims algorithm to identify surgical site infections (SSIs) by examining the presence of clinically expected SSI treatment.Methods.We performed a retrospective cohort study, using private insurer claims data from persons less than 65 years old with ICD-9-CM procedure or Current Procedure Terminology (CPT-4) codes for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction from January 2004 through December 2010. SSIs occurring within 90 days after ACL reconstruction were identified by ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes. Antibiotic utilization, surgical treatment, and microbiology culture claims within 14 days of SSI codes were used as evidence to support the SSI diagnosis.Results.Of 40,702 procedures, 401 (1.0%) were complicated by SSI, 172 (0.4%) of which were specifically identified as septic arthritis. Most SSIs were associated with an inpatient admission (232/401 [58%]), and/or surgical procedure(s) for treatment (250/401 [62%]). Temporally associated antibiotics, surgical treatment procedures, and cultures were present for 84% (338/401), 61% (246/401), and 59% (238/401), respectively. Only 5.7% (23/401) of procedures coded for SSI after the procedure had no antibiotics, surgical treatments, or cultures within 14 days of the SSI claims.Conclusions.More than 94% of patients identified by our claims algorithm as having an SSI received clinically expected treatment for infection, including antibiotics, surgical treatment, and culture, suggesting that this algorithm has very good positive predictive value. This method may facilitate retrospective SSI surveillance and comparison of SSI rates across facilities and providers.
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Heltiani, Nofri, Lolli Nababan, Lolli Nababan e Liza Putri. "Completeness of Delivery and Accuracy of Delivery Diagnosis Code On The Smooth Verification of BPJS Claims in Hospital". Greenation International Journal of Tourism and Management 1, n. 3 (12 settembre 2023): 276–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.38035/gijtm.v1i3.98.
Abstract (sommario):
The completeness of the files and the accuracy of the diagnostic code have an important role in the smooth verification of claims and are the basis for the approval of fee billing by BPJS to Hospitals. From the results of initial observations of 10 samples of claim files for delivery cases submitted to BPJS, it was found that 4 (40%) files passed verification and 6 (60%) files were pending due to incomplete claim files such as no supporting reports and DPJP signatures and coding information which are not in accordance with BPJS Health, resulting in delays in the claim payment process which causes material losses for the Hospital. The purpose of this study was to determine the completeness of the file and the accuracy of the delivery diagnosis code for the smooth verification of BPJS claims. this type of research is observational with a descriptive design. The population in this study was 137 files with 58 samples taken by simple random sampling which were processed univariately using a frequency distribution. The results of the study were claim files for complete and smooth delivery cases 31(53%), complete claim files but not smooth verification 22(38%) and incomplete claim files and not smooth verification 5(9%), while the delivery diagnosis code was accurate and smooth verification 31(53%), diagnostic codes accurate but verification not smooth 5(9%) and diagnostic codes inaccurate and verification not smooth 22(38%). It is recommended that the Hospital should make efforts to improve the accuracy of the diagnostic code through training, monitoring and regular evaluation to minimize the occurrence of claim returns.
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Zeng, Xia, e Arkaitz Zubiaga. "Aggregating pairwise semantic differences for few-shot claim verification". PeerJ Computer Science 8 (25 ottobre 2022): e1137. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.1137.
Abstract (sommario):
As part of an automated fact-checking pipeline, the claim verification task consists in determining if a claim is supported by an associated piece of evidence. The complexity of gathering labelled claim-evidence pairs leads to a scarcity of datasets, particularly when dealing with new domains. In this article, we introduce Semantic Embedding Element-wise Difference (SEED), a novel vector-based method to few-shot claim verification that aggregates pairwise semantic differences for claim-evidence pairs. We build on the hypothesis that we can simulate class representative vectors that capture average semantic differences for claim-evidence pairs in a class, which can then be used for classification of new instances. We compare the performance of our method with competitive baselines including fine-tuned Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT)/Robustly Optimized BERT Pre-training Approach (RoBERTa) models, as well as the state-of-the-art few-shot claim verification method that leverages language model perplexity. Experiments conducted on the Fact Extraction and VERification (FEVER) and SCIFACT datasets show consistent improvements over competitive baselines in few-shot settings. Our code is available.
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Chen, Jiangjie, Qiaoben Bao, Changzhi Sun, Xinbo Zhang, Jiaze Chen, Hao Zhou, Yanghua Xiao e Lei Li. "LOREN: Logic-Regularized Reasoning for Interpretable Fact Verification". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, n. 10 (28 giugno 2022): 10482–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i10.21291.
Abstract (sommario):
Given a natural language statement, how to verify its veracity against a large-scale textual knowledge source like Wikipedia? Most existing neural models make predictions without giving clues about which part of a false claim goes wrong. In this paper, we propose LOREN, an approach for interpretable fact verification. We decompose the verification of the whole claim at phrase-level, where the veracity of the phrases serves as explanations and can be aggregated into the final verdict according to logical rules. The key insight of LOREN is to represent claim phrase veracity as three-valued latent variables, which are regularized by aggregation logical rules. The final claim verification is based on all latent variables. Thus, LOREN enjoys the additional benefit of interpretability --- it is easy to explain how it reaches certain results with claim phrase veracity. Experiments on a public fact verification benchmark show that LOREN is competitive against previous approaches while enjoying the merit of faithful and accurate interpretability. The resources of LOREN are available at: https://github.com/jiangjiechen/LOREN.
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Hanisah, Hanisah, Asmaripa Ainy e Iwan Stia Budi. "A Position Analysis of BPJS Claims Administration Officers and Verifiers (Case Study: Jambi Province Regional Mental Hospital)". Preventia : The Indonesian Journal of Public Health 8, n. 2 (30 dicembre 2023): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um044v8i22023p39-46.
Abstract (sommario):
The high coverage rate of handling partially rejected claim financing reaching 7.34% of the total 19,476 cases in the Outpatient Unit of the Jambi Provincial Mental Hospital (RSJD) in 2022, is closely related to the quality of human resources (HR) in this case, the claims officer and the suitability of what is done with the job description, job specifications and standard operating procedures (SOP) that have been made. This study aimed to analyze the position of administrative officers and claim verifiers in the outpatient unit of the Jambi Provincial Mental Hospital. This research used a qualitative method. Information was collected through in-depth interviews with eight informants, observation, and document review. Test validity by triangulating sources, techniques, and data. The results showed that officers already knew the claims administration and verification procedures. The claim administration SOP in this case, the RJTL claim submission SOP and the monthly reporting SOP have not been outlined in a decision letter for the coding SOP. However, it has been outlined in a decision letter but has not been adequately socialized to the officers concerned. The SOP for claim verification has not been outlined in a decision letter and still refers to the technical guidelines for claim verification issued by BPJS Health. It is still found that the delegation of tasks and the number of verification officers not following the calculation of workload and standards set are obstacles in implementing administration and verification of claims in the Jambi Province RSJD outpatient department.
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Wu, Lianwei, Yuan Rao, Ling Sun e Wangbo He. "Evidence Inference Networks for Interpretable Claim Verification". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, n. 16 (18 maggio 2021): 14058–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i16.17655.
Abstract (sommario):
Existing approaches construct appropriate interaction models to explore semantic conflicts between claims and relevant articles, which provides practical solutions for interpretable claim verification. However, these conflicts are not necessarily all about questioning the false part of claims, which makes considerable semantic conflicts difficult to be used as evidence to explain the results of claim verification. In this paper, we propose evidence inference networks (EVIN), which focus on the conflicts questioning the core semantics of claims and serve as evidence for interpretable claim verification. Specifically, EVIN first captures the core semantic segments of claims and the users' principal opinions in relevant articles. Then, it finely-grained identifies the semantic conflicts contained in each relevant article from these opinions. Finally, it constructs coherence modeling to match the conflicts that queries the core semantic fragments of claims as explainable evidence. Experiments on two widely used datasets demonstrate that EVIN not only achieves satisfactory performance but also provides explainable evidence for end-users.
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Erlanson, Albin, e Andreas Kleiner. "Costly verification in collective decisions". Theoretical Economics 15, n. 3 (2020): 923–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/te3101.
Abstract (sommario):
We study how a principal should optimally choose between implementing a new policy and maintaining the status quo when information relevant for the decision is privately held by agents. Agents are strategic in revealing their information; the principal cannot use monetary transfers to elicit this information, but can verify an agent's claim at a cost. We characterize the mechanism that maximizes the expected utility of the principal. This mechanism can be implemented as a cardinal voting rule, in which agents can either cast a baseline vote, indicating only whether they are in favor of the new policy, or make specific claims about their type. The principal gives more weight to specific claims and verifies a claim whenever it is decisive.
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Casillas, Ramón, Helena Gómez-Adorno, Victor Lomas-Barrie e Orlando Ramos-Flores. "Automatic Fact Checking Using an Interpretable Bert-Based Architecture on COVID-19 Claims". Applied Sciences 12, n. 20 (21 ottobre 2022): 10644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122010644.
Abstract (sommario):
We present a neural network architecture focused on verifying facts against evidence found in a knowledge base. The architecture can perform relevance evaluation and claim verification, parts of a well-known three-stage method of fact-checking. We fine-tuned BERT to codify claims and pieces of evidence separately. An attention layer between the claim and evidence representation computes alignment scores to identify relevant terms between both. Finally, a classification layer receives the vector representation of claims and evidence and performs the relevance and verification classification. Our model allows a more straightforward interpretation of the predictions than other state-of-the-art models. We use the scores computed within the attention layer to show which evidence spans are more relevant to classify a claim as supported or refuted. Our classification models achieve results compared to the state-of-the-art models in terms of classification of relevance evaluation and claim verification accuracy on the FEVER dataset.
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Li, Peiguang, Xian Sun, Hongfeng Yu, Wenkai Zhang e Guangluan Xu. "An enhanced dynamic interaction network for claim verification". Neurocomputing 439 (giugno 2021): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2020.12.112.
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Clément, Jean-Marc. "Proving FTA Preferential Tariff Eligibility: The Evidentiary Burden in Canada". Global Trade and Customs Journal 15, Issue 3/4 (1 marzo 2020): 168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2020022.
Abstract (sommario):
As is the case with most free trade agreements, importers simply claim preferential tariff eligibility at the time of import. This claim can later be subject to verification by the customs administration in view of determining if it was valid. Proving preferential tariff entitlement requires assembling and presenting relevant facts and documents that support the claim. But just how much evidence is necessary in order to discharge that burden? In Canada there has always been a disconnect between what the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) deems necessary in the course of an origin verification and what the courts find satisfactory in the course of a judicial review. What follows are certain illustrations of that disconnect and how it usually gets resolved by Canadian courts. Origin verification, judicial review, NAFTA, burden of proof, non-originating status, eligibility considerations, evidence
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Bekoulis, Giannis, Christina Papagiannopoulou e Nikos Deligiannis. "A Review on Fact Extraction and Verification". ACM Computing Surveys 55, n. 1 (31 gennaio 2023): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3485127.
Abstract (sommario):
We study the fact-checking problem, which aims to identify the veracity of a given claim. Specifically, we focus on the task of Fact Extraction and VERification (FEVER) and its accompanied dataset. The task consists of the subtasks of retrieving the relevant documents (and sentences) from Wikipedia and validating whether the information in the documents supports or refutes a given claim. This task is essential and can be the building block of applications such as fake news detection and medical claim verification. In this article, we aim at a better understanding of the challenges of the task by presenting the literature in a structured and comprehensive way. We describe the proposed methods by analyzing the technical perspectives of the different approaches and discussing the performance results on the FEVER dataset, which is the most well-studied and formally structured dataset on the fact extraction and verification task. We also conduct the largest experimental study to date on identifying beneficial loss functions for the sentence retrieval component. Our analysis indicates that sampling negative sentences is important for improving the performance and decreasing the computational complexity. Finally, we describe open issues and future challenges, and we motivate future research in the task.
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Pranabella Syafitri, Putriyana, Nurul Kamilah e Fety Fatimah. "Sistem Informasi Pengajuan Klaim Berbasis Website di PT. Asuransi Kredit Indonesia Kantor Cabang Bogor". ETNIK: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Teknik 2, n. 3 (20 marzo 2023): 181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.54543/etnik.v2i3.162.
Abstract (sommario):
Credit Insurance is insurance protection to the insured (banks) against risks or credit that is not paid by the debtor which causes a claim to the insurer (insurance). A claim is a claim for payment of compensation due to the debtor not fulfilling its obligations. The purpose of this research is because verification of claim completeness data is still done manually, so that information related to completeness status is delayed, this is due to the absence of a system that provides information effectively and efficiently in the claims section. Based on this, a web-based claim submission information system was designed using the PHP programming language and MySQL database. The research method used in making this information system is by observation, questionnaires, and literature studies as well as the development method using the waterfall method. The result of this research is an application of information for submitting claims which is expected to make it easier for companies to minimize the data verification process more effectively.
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Chen, Chonghao, Jianming Zheng e Honghui Chen. "Knowledge-Enhanced Graph Attention Network for Fact Verification". Mathematics 9, n. 16 (15 agosto 2021): 1949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9161949.
Abstract (sommario):
Fact verification aims to evaluate the authenticity of a given claim based on the evidence sentences retrieved from Wikipedia articles. Existing works mainly leverage the natural language inference methods to model the semantic interaction of claim and evidence, or further employ the graph structure to capture the relation features between multiple evidences. However, previous methods have limited representation ability in encoding complicated units of claim and evidences, and thus cannot support sophisticated reasoning. In addition, a limited amount of supervisory signals lead to the graph encoder could not distinguish the distinctions of different graph structures and weaken the encoding ability. To address the above issues, we propose a Knowledge-Enhanced Graph Attention network (KEGA) for fact verification, which introduces a knowledge integration module to enhance the representation of claims and evidences by incorporating external knowledge. Moreover, KEGA leverages an auxiliary loss based on contrastive learning to fine-tune the graph attention encoder and learn the discriminative features for the evidence graph. Comprehensive experiments conducted on FEVER, a large-scale benchmark dataset for fact verification, demonstrate the superiority of our proposal in both the multi-evidences and single-evidence scenarios. In addition, our findings show that the background knowledge for words can effectively improve the model performance.
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Li, Xiaoyu, Weihong Wang, Jifei Fang, Li Jin, Hankun Kang e Chunbo Liu. "PEINet: Joint Prompt and Evidence Inference Network via Language Family Policy for Zero-Shot Multilingual Fact Checking". Applied Sciences 12, n. 19 (27 settembre 2022): 9688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12199688.
Abstract (sommario):
Zero-shot multilingual fact-checking, which aims to discover and infer subtle clues from the retrieved relevant evidence to verify the given claim in cross-language and cross-domain scenarios, is crucial for optimizing a free, trusted, wholesome global network environment. Previous works have made enlightening and practical explorations in claim verification, while the zero-shot multilingual task faces new challenging gap issues: neglecting authenticity-dependent learning between multilingual claims, lacking heuristic checking, and a bottleneck of insufficient evidence. To alleviate these gaps, a novel Joint Prompt and Evidence Inference Network (PEINet) is proposed to verify the multilingual claim according to the human fact-checking cognitive paradigm. In detail, firstly, we leverage the language family encoding mechanism to strengthen knowledge transfer among multi-language claims. Then, the prompt turning module is designed to infer the falsity of the fact, and further, sufficient fine-grained evidence is extracted and aggregated based on a recursive graph attention network to verify the claim again. Finally, we build a unified inference framework via multi-task learning for final fact verification. The newly achieved state-of-the-art performance on the released challenging benchmark dataset that includes not only an out-of-domain test, but also a zero-shot test, proves the effectiveness of our framework, and further analysis demonstrates the superiority of our PEINet in multilingual claim verification and inference, especially in the zero-shot scenario.
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Nasution, Sri Lestari Ramadhani, Yohana Candra Andini Hutabarat e Chrismis Novalinda Ginting. "Evaluation of the Role of Internal Verification Doctors in Reducing Pending Claims at Murni Teguh Medan Hospital in 2022". Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 9, SpecialIssue (25 dicembre 2023): 563–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9ispecialissue.5533.
Abstract (sommario):
In the claim verification process, errors are still encountered which cause the claim to be pending. The problem of pending claims that occurs causes many losses for the Hospital. Therefore, an internal verifier is needed to supervise claim verification so that problems with pending claims can be minimized. Internal verification doctors have an important task in reducing the number of pending claims, especially to control the suitability of coding with diagnoses on medical resumes. The aim of this research is to analyze and describe the contribution of internal verifier doctors in reducing pending claims as well as the factors that cause pending claims and claims coding errors. The type of research used in this research is qualitative research. The research design used in this research is a descriptive research design. This research has sources as key informants, namely 4 internal verification doctors. This research also has sources as supporting informants, namely coder representatives. The conclusions of this research are: (1). Factors causing pending claims at RSU Murni Teguh Medan include: (a). Administrative factors, (b). Coding factors, (c). Medical factors. (2). The factors that cause errors in coding claims at RSU Murni Teguh Medan include: (a). HR Factors (Natural Resources) and; (b). Disagreement factor. The role of the internal verifier doctor in reducing pending claims includes: (a). Medical Document Examination; (b). In-Depth Clinical Verification; (c). Collaboration with the Filing Team; (d). Communication with BPJS.
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Wahyudin, Yudi. "STUDY OF CLAIMS FOR COMPENSATION OF DAMAGE TO CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM DUE TO VESSEL GROUNDED IN THE WATERS AREA OF CILIK ISLAND, KARIMUNJAWA SUBDISTRICT, JEPARA REGENCY, CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE". Indonesian Journal of Social Research (IJSR) 2, n. 1 (9 giugno 2020): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/ijsr.v2i1.27.
Abstract (sommario):
The purpose of this research is to conduct a claim of compensation claim for damage to the coral reef ecosystem as a vessel grounded in the waters of Cilik island, Karimunjawa Subdistrict, Jepara Regency, Central Java Province. The research method of this study conducted using survey and case of study. The analyses used by this study was economic valuation of ecosystem services loss, cost of coral reef restoration and cost of verification and dispute resolution. The result of this study showed that the total claim of compensation amounted IDR 3,067,031,155.96 (USD 227,466.52) for compensating the area of coral reef damage 111.69 square meters, i.e. IDR 635,525,318.46 for losing of coral reef ecosystem services, IDR 2,181,505,837.50 for cost of coral reef restoration, and IDR 250,000,000.00 for verification and dispute resettlement cost. This claim of compensation delivered as an effort to force the responsibility of the vessel owner and to restore the area of coral reef damage in the future.
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Mylovanov, Tymofiy, e Andriy Zapechelnyuk. "Optimal Allocation with Ex Post Verification and Limited Penalties". American Economic Review 107, n. 9 (1 settembre 2017): 2666–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20140494.
Abstract (sommario):
Several agents with privately known social values compete for a prize. The prize is allocated based on the claims of the agents, and the winner is subject to a limited penalty if he makes a false claim. If the number of agents is large, the optimal mechanism places all agents above a threshold onto a shortlist along with a fraction of agents below the threshold, and then allocates the prize to a random agent on the shortlist. When the number of agents is small, the optimal mechanism allocates the prize to the agent who makes the highest claim, but restricts the range of claims above and below. (JEL D63, D82)
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Krishna, Amrith, Sebastian Riedel e Andreas Vlachos. "ProoFVer: Natural Logic Theorem Proving for Fact Verification". Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 10 (2022): 1013–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00503.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Fact verification systems typically rely on neural network classifiers for veracity prediction, which lack explainability. This paper proposes ProoFVer, which uses a seq2seq model to generate natural logic-based inferences as proofs. These proofs consist of lexical mutations between spans in the claim and the evidence retrieved, each marked with a natural logic operator. Claim veracity is determined solely based on the sequence of these operators. Hence, these proofs are faithful explanations, and this makes ProoFVer faithful by construction. Currently, ProoFVer has the highest label accuracy and the second best score in the FEVER leaderboard. Furthermore, it improves by 13.21% points over the next best model on a dataset with counterfactual instances, demonstrating its robustness. As explanations, the proofs show better overlap with human rationales than attention-based highlights and the proofs help humans predict model decisions correctly more often than using the evidence directly.1
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Nie, Yixin, Haonan Chen e Mohit Bansal. "Combining Fact Extraction and Verification with Neural Semantic Matching Networks". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (17 luglio 2019): 6859–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33016859.
Abstract (sommario):
The increasing concern with misinformation has stimulated research efforts on automatic fact checking. The recentlyreleased FEVER dataset introduced a benchmark factverification task in which a system is asked to verify a claim using evidential sentences from Wikipedia documents. In this paper, we present a connected system consisting of three homogeneous neural semantic matching models that conduct document retrieval, sentence selection, and claim verification jointly for fact extraction and verification. For evidence retrieval (document retrieval and sentence selection), unlike traditional vector space IR models in which queries and sources are matched in some pre-designed term vector space, we develop neural models to perform deep semantic matching from raw textual input, assuming no intermediate term representation and no access to structured external knowledge bases. We also show that Pageview frequency can also help improve the performance of evidence retrieval results, that later can be matched by using our neural semantic matching network. For claim verification, unlike previous approaches that simply feed upstream retrieved evidence and the claim to a natural language inference (NLI) model, we further enhance the NLI model by providing it with internal semantic relatedness scores (hence integrating it with the evidence retrieval modules) and ontological WordNet features. Experiments on the FEVER dataset indicate that (1) our neural semantic matching method outperforms popular TF-IDF and encoder models, by significant margins on all evidence retrieval metrics, (2) the additional relatedness score and WordNet features improve the NLI model via better semantic awareness, and (3) by formalizing all three subtasks as a similar semantic matching problem and improving on all three stages, the complete model is able to achieve the state-of-the-art results on the FEVER test set (two times greater than baseline results).1
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Muluk, Ikhlaq, M. Natsir Nugroho e Wahyuni Dian Purwati. "Factors Affecting the Settlement of BPJS Against the Approval Verifiers BPJS at Citama Hospital". Jurnal Health Sains 4, n. 3 (25 marzo 2023): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.46799/jhs.v4i3.858.
Abstract (sommario):
The hospital claim process starts with completing the document file as a condition for submitting a claim by the hospital coding officer. A verifier verifies the claim file at the BPJS Center. Verification is researching and checking the claim's Completeness, validity, and feasibility. After verification, the claim file is sent to the Branch Office / District / City Operational Office of BPJS Kesehatan. The Completeness of the document file is an important part of the claim process. If the Hospital can meet the Completeness of the documents, it is likely that the faster the process of reimbursement of the cost of health services that have been provided. The method used in this study is the mixed method. The mixed method is a research method that combines quantitative methods with qualitative methods to be used together in a research activity so that more comprehensive, valid, reliable, and objective data are obtained. Hypothesis Results from First Hypothesis 1) Hypothesis Zero (Ho) There is no relationship between the Completeness of the inpatient medical records of the surgical care unit with the approval of the BPJS claim at Citama Hospital 2) Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) There is a relationship between the Completeness of the inpatient medical records of the inpatient care unit with the approval of the BPJS claim at Citama Hospital Based on the results of the Simple Regression in the previous section, it can be concluded that Ho was rejected, Ha received. The Completeness of the inpatient medical records of the inpatient care unit significantly affects the approval of BPJS claims at Citama Hospital.
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Stevenson, Ian. "Ropelike Birthmarks on Children Who Claim to Remember Past Lives". Psychological Reports 89, n. 1 (agosto 2001): 142–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2001.89.1.142.
Abstract (sommario):
Description of birthmarks having the pattern of strands of a rope in a second known case includes some verification of the correspondence between the birthmarks and injuries from ropes on an identified deceased person.
25
Zenin, S. S., K. V. Mashkova e G. N. Suvorov. "Gender Verification Issues in Sports: The UK Experience". Lex Russica, n. 1 (19 gennaio 2021): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2021.170.1.094-100.
Abstract (sommario):
In the context of the increased attention to the rights of the LGBTQ community representatives, the problem of allowing transgender people to participate in sports competitions cannot but arise, which is the subject of discussion at the level of the IOC and international sports federations. In these circumstances, the legislator and the sports community face a difficult task to balance the idea of universal equality in the context of access to sports regardless of gender and fair competition, which is reasonably questioned in cases of admission of transgender people to women's competitions.The analysis of the UK legislation shows that the statutory regulation of these issues is carried out at various levels: the basic provisions are prescribed in the laws, while the detailed procedures for the admission of these persons to competitions are carried out in the relevant guidelines for sports federations. Content analysis reveals that attempts to implement a pragmatic approach to the question of access of persons not meeting the classic ideas of gender identity to sports competitions. This approach develops different strategies depending on the level of competition, type of sport (contact/noncontact), physiological characteristics of athletes, divided for these purposes into several categories. The UK reserves the right to allow transgender athletes to participate in national competitions, ensuring a more inclusive approach on the part of national governing bodies, and develops rules for their admission to international competitions, taking into account the existing requirements.
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Chen, Chonghao, Jianming Zheng e Honghui Chen. "CosG: A Graph-Based Contrastive Learning Method for Fact Verification". Sensors 21, n. 10 (16 maggio 2021): 3471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21103471.
Abstract (sommario):
Fact verification aims to verify the authenticity of a given claim based on the retrieved evidence from Wikipedia articles. Existing works mainly focus on enhancing the semantic representation of evidence, e.g., introducing the graph structure to model the evidence relation. However, previous methods can’t well distinguish semantic-similar claims and evidences with distinct authenticity labels. In addition, the performances of graph-based models are limited by the over-smoothing problem of graph neural networks. To this end, we propose a graph-based contrastive learning method for fact verification abbreviated as CosG, which introduces a contrastive label-supervised task to help the encoder learn the discriminative representations for different-label claim-evidence pairs, as well as an unsupervised graph-contrast task, to alleviate the unique node features loss in the graph propagation. We conduct experiments on FEVER, a large benchmark dataset for fact verification. Experimental results show the superiority of our proposal against comparable baselines, especially for the claims that need multiple-evidences to verify. In addition, CosG presents better model robustness on the low-resource scenario.
27
Huboyo, Haryono, Hari Wibowo e Winda Retna Sari. "Green House Gases (GHG’s) Emission Reduction Measures and Verification Challenge at Transport Sector". MATEC Web of Conferences 159 (2018): 01027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815901027.
Abstract (sommario):
The Ministry of Transportation Republic of Indonesia adopted several co-benefits activities related to climate change mitigation action through 2010-2014. In order to claim these activities results as climate change mitigation action, Ministry of Environment and Forestry need to verify them. The verification covers data accuracy, consistency, transparency and completeness of data quality and information. The author also verify the other parameters such as the calculation method, managerial system, monitoring system and funding support. In this program, several mitigation actions were implemented such as Area Traffic Control System (ATCS), traffic impact control, parking management, Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system, smart driving, non-motorized transport, shifting from private vehicles to rail transport, rejuvenating of navigation facilities, aircraft fleet rejuvenation, renewal of the operation and maintenance system of airplane and improvement of flight navigation system during take-off and landing. The absolute difference results between claim and verification for all climate change mitigation actions based on Government Regulation (PP) No. 61/2011 were 13.44% - 43.5%. While for mitigation action beyond PP 61/2011, the absolute difference were 0% - 67.31%. There are no mitigation action satisfying all verification criteria. Based on these verification activities, The Ministry of Transportation should refine the method of mitigation action.
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Ulum, Miftachul. "KELENGKAPAN BERKAS PERSYARATAN KLAIM BPJS PADA PASIEN RAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT WAVA HUSADA MALANG". JRMIK 5, n. 1 (31 gennaio 2024): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.58535/jrmik.v5i1.63.
Abstract (sommario):
The completeness of medical record file information is very important for verification of claims. Verification of claims is specially prepared with the aim of being a reference verifier of claims on BPJS. Completeness of medical records also maintains health facilities for service quality and efficiency of health service costs up to the disbursement of claims to health care providers. The purpose of this report is to find out the Completeness of BPJS claim requirements for inpatients at Wava Husada Hospital in 2022 with an observation method in the form of a checklist conducted on March 21-March 26, 2022. This research was conducted at the Health Financing Cooperation Installation and Casemix. Based on the results of the completeness analysis on 120 BPJS claim requirements files conducted by researchers, a completeness percentage of 75 files or 62.5% and a percentage of incompleteness of 45 files or 37.5%. The highest completeness is found in the inpatient cover letter, participant egibility letter (SEP), emergency assessment sheet, and medical support sheet with a completeness rate of 120 files or 100% and the lowest completeness is found on the casemix verification sheet of 102 files or 85%. As for overcoming this, it is recommended to hold a coordination meeting with health service providers regarding the importance of completeness and accuracy of filling out medical record files for BPJS claim requirements, to facilitate the process of submitting hospital claims to BPJS.
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Garrido Wainer, Juan Manuel. "The Post-deconstructive Concept of Evidence". Research in Phenomenology 53, n. 1 (22 febbraio 2023): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691640-12341514.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The general objective of this essay is to systematize Jean-Luc Nancy’s post- deconstructive reflections on the concept of evidence. A general claim of this paper is that the post-deconstructive concept of evidence is genuinely an epistemic concept of evidence insofar as it refers to structures involved in verification processes. Evidence is the presentation of a state of affairs that relates the presentation not only to what we claim about this state of affairs but also to the singular circumstances of its production. Verification (the production of a claim’s truth) results directly from the singularities involved in the production or presentation of evidence. This means that evidence is never exhausted in the truth it produces or the knowledge it validates but remains a priori exposed or available to produce and validate unknown knowledge about unknown states of affairs.
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Grześków, Małgorzata. "LEGAL CLAIM OF A MILITARIZED FORMATION OFFICER FOR ADMISSION TO SERVICE". Roczniki Administracji i Prawa specjalny, n. XXI (30 dicembre 2021): 611–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6208.
Abstract (sommario):
Employment in militarized services should be of interest not only to representatives of the doctrine of administrative law, but also to labor law. One-sided approach to these issues (only from the perspective of one field of law) gives an incomplete picture and forces to use certain simplifications. The article deals with the issue of the possibility of a militarized service officer claiming to be admitted to service. The analyzed issue was presented in a comparative legal aspect. The aim of the article is to answer the question whether, in the event of an officer not admitting to the service, he has a claim similar to the employee’s claim for admission to work.
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Ahid, Muhamad. "DIGITAL VERIFICATION CLAIM SYSTEM (VEDIKA) BPJS KESEHATAN SIDOARJO REGIONAL PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN 2019". Journal of Public Health Research and Community Health Development 5, n. 1 (15 settembre 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jphrecode.v5i1.19848.
Abstract (sommario):
Background: The Claim Digital Verification System (VEDIKA) is a system developed by BPJS Healthcare to reduce claim of pending, accelerate the process of verifying claims, and reduce the operational burden of BPJS healthcare. This is as a follow-up to the emergence of hospital complaints regarding the implementation of INA CBG'S claim payment, The complaint has an impact on hospital satisfaction rate against BPJS healthcare decline. Purpose: This study aimed to described the VEDIKA BPJS Healthcare at the Regional Public Hospital of Sidoarjoin 2019. Methods: This descriptive research was condented by researcher at the regional public hospital of Sidoarjo during August – February 2020. The unit analysis in this research is the installation of the regional public hospital of Sidoarjo and the ample are installation head, inpatient Coordinator, outpatient Coordinator, 2 entry V-claim officer, 8 claim file Sender officers, control officers And antifraud officers. All colected data presented in descriptive or narative form. Analytical techniques using univariate analysis. Result: The results showed that the submission of claims at the Regional Public Hospital of Sidoarjowas adjusted to the VEDIKA system, the number of hospital staff supported the implementation of the VEDIKA system so that the implementation of the VEDIKA system at the Regional Public Hospital of Sidoarjo could be carried out properly. Conclusion: submiting claims at the Regional Public Hospital of Sidoarjo has adjusted to the VEDIKA BPJS Healthcare system but in the implementation of the VEDIKA system it is still not optimal in minimizing file returns, the use of the Vclaim application which often experience server downtime and maintenance class rights that do not appear in the system output and often occur differences perceptions between hospitals and BPJS healthcare are due to the regulation of service episodes and the accuracy of claim documents. Suggestion: the need for BPJS Healthcare to develop the Vclaim output, the need for hospitals to conduct coding for the accuracy of claim documents and conduct marking.ABSTRAKLatarbelakang : Sistem Verifikasi Digital Klaim (VEDIKA) merupakan sistem yang dikembangkan oleh BPJS kesehatan untuk mengurangi klaim yang tertunda, mempercepat proses verifikasi klaim, dan mengurangi beban operasional BPJS kesehatan. Adanya sistem VEDIKA berawal dari munculnya keluhan rumah sakit terkait penerapan pembayaran klaim INA CBG’s sehingga menurunkan kepuasan rumah sakit terhadap kinerja BPJS kesehatan. Tujuan : tujuan penelitian adalah menggambarkan sistem VEDIKA BPJS Kesehatan di RSUD Kabupaten Sidoarjo tahun 2019. Metode : Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Deskriptif dilakukan di instalasi Pejaminan RSUD Kabupaten Sidoarjo pada bulan Agustus – February 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan unit analisis dengan mewawancarai semua petugas di instalasi penjaminan diantaranya kepala Instalasi, koordinator monev rawat inap, koordinator rawat jalan, 2 petugas entry Vclaim, 8 petugas pengirim berkas, tim kendali JKN dan tim antifraud. Teknik penyajian data dalam penelitian ini adalah bentuk uraian narasi. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis univariat. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengajuan klaim di RSUD Kabupaten Sidoarjo sudah menyesuaikan dengan sistem VEDIKA, jumlah petugas rumah sakit menunjang dalam pelaksanaan sistem VEDIKA sehingga implementasi sistem VEDIKA di RSUD kabupaten Sidoarjo dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik. Kesimpulan : Pengajuan klaim di RSUD Kabupaten Sidoarjo sudah menyesuaikan dengan sistem VEDIKA BPJS Kesehatan namun pada pelaksanaan sistem VEDIKA masih belum optimal dalam meminimalisir pengembalian berkas, penggunaan aplikasi Vclaim yang sering mengalami server down dan hak kelas perawatan yang tidak muncul pada output sistem serta sering terjadi perbedaan persepsi antara rumah sakit dan BPJS kesehatan diakibatkan tentang regulasi episode pelayanan dan keakuratan dokumen klaim. Saran : perlunya BPJS kesehatan untuk mengembangkan output Vclaim, perlunya rumah sakit untuk melakukan pelatihan pengkodingan untuk keakuratan dokumen klaim dan mengadakan bencmarking.
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Valentina, Mita Sari e Tri Widya Sandika. "Tinjauan Penolakan Pada Klaim Pasien BPJS Kesehatan di RSUD Tanjung Pura". Jurnal Ilmiah Perekam dan Informasi Kesehatan Imelda (JIPIKI) 7, n. 1 (26 febbraio 2022): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.52943/jipiki.v7i1.695.
Abstract (sommario):
Rejection of claims is one of the obstacles in the BPJS Kesehatan claim collection process. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of administrative verification on the rejection of BPJS Kesehatan patient claims at Tanjung Pura Hospital. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The population is all BPJS patient medical record files that were rejected in June 2021 counted 135 files and BPJS Kesehatan claiming officers at Tanjung Pura Hospital, totaling 2 people. The samples of this study were the medical record files of BPJS patients who were rejected in June 2021 and the BPJS claiming officers who were taken by saturated sampling. The instruments used are check list sheets and interview guidelines. Data was collected by using documentation, observation and interview methods. Data analysis was done descriptively. The results showed that there were 123 claim files (2.9%) which were rejected by BPJS Kesehatan from 4,253 claim files submitted. The reason for the rejection of the claim file was because all of them did not pass the verification of the service administration which consisted of the absence of a DPJP signature on the resume and proof of service, no referral letter attached, no inpatient indication/order sheet, and no indication of anesthesia attached to the operation report. This incompleteness is due to the lack of thorough examination of the completeness of the medical record file by the data analysis section and the absence of SOPs in the implementation of the claim process. It is recommended to the hospital director to make an SOP for claiming BPJS Kesehatan and to the claims officer and data analysis to be more thorough in checking the completeness of the BPJS Kesehatan claim file.
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Kemp, R. Scott, Areg Danagoulian, Ruaridh R. Macdonald e Jayson R. Vavrek. "Physical cryptographic verification of nuclear warheads". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, n. 31 (18 luglio 2016): 8618–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1603916113.
Abstract (sommario):
How does one prove a claim about a highly sensitive object such as a nuclear weapon without revealing information about the object? This paradox has challenged nuclear arms control for more than five decades. We present a mechanism in the form of an interactive proof system that can validate the structure and composition of an object, such as a nuclear warhead, to arbitrary precision without revealing either its structure or composition. We introduce a tomographic method that simultaneously resolves both the geometric and isotopic makeup of an object. We also introduce a method of protecting information using a provably secure cryptographic hash that does not rely on electronics or software. These techniques, when combined with a suitable protocol, constitute an interactive proof system that could reject hoax items and clear authentic warheads with excellent sensitivity in reasonably short measurement times.
34
Zhang, Congzhi, Linhai Zhang e Deyu Zhou. "Causal Walk: Debiasing Multi-Hop Fact Verification with Front-Door Adjustment". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, n. 17 (24 marzo 2024): 19533–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i17.29925.
Abstract (sommario):
Multi-hop fact verification aims to detect the veracity of the given claim by integrating and reasoning over multiple pieces of evidence. Conventional multi-hop fact verification models are prone to rely on spurious correlations from the annotation artifacts, leading to an obvious performance decline on unbiased datasets. Among the various debiasing works, the causal inference-based methods become popular by performing theoretically guaranteed debiasing such as casual intervention or counterfactual reasoning. However, existing causal inference-based debiasing methods, which mainly formulate fact verification as a single-hop reasoning task to tackle shallow bias patterns, cannot deal with the complicated bias patterns hidden in multiple hops of evidence. To address the challenge, we propose Causal Walk, a novel method for debiasing multi-hop fact verification from a causal perspective with front-door adjustment. Specifically, in the structural causal model, the reasoning path between the treatment (the input claim-evidence graph) and the outcome (the veracity label) is introduced as the mediator to block the confounder. With the front-door adjustment, the causal effect between the treatment and the outcome is decomposed into the causal effect between the treatment and the mediator, which is estimated by applying the idea of random walk, and the causal effect between the mediator and the outcome, which is estimated with normalized weighted geometric mean approximation. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed method, an adversarial multi-hop fact verification dataset and a symmetric multi-hop fact verification dataset are proposed with the help of the large language model. Experimental results show that Causal Walk outperforms some previous debiasing methods on both existing datasets and the newly constructed datasets. Code and data will be released at https://github.com/zcccccz/CausalWalk.
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Chen, Juan, Wei Wu, Chun Wen Song, Bo Hong Liu e Xiao Ye Qi. "Validation and Verification of Life Prediction Technology for Electromechanical Products". Applied Mechanics and Materials 58-60 (giugno 2011): 1690–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.58-60.1690.
Abstract (sommario):
Supporters of life prediction claim that this technology can provide enormous benefits to users. Among so many performance indicators of life prediction technology, the accuracy and stability of life prediction is of greatest concern. This article compares advantages and disadvantages of various performance indicators in the prediction of product’s life between life prediction algorithm based on statistical and that based on degradation path model.
36
O'Rourke, Cassandra, e Megan Gernt. "580 Setting the Burn Team Up for Success". Journal of Burn Care & Research 43, Supplement_1 (23 marzo 2022): S126—S127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irac012.208.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Introduction Hybrid burn centers are challenged to meet the criteria of the ABA verification process. When burn care occurs in different units across a hospital, it is difficult to ensure all areas are aware of the verification criteria and ensure timelines and expectations of optimal burn care are understood. Our center had difficulty ensuring rehabilitation referrals were placed on admission to allow the maximum amount of time for these services to establish a plan of care. Staffing issues were identified as contributing to the inability to consistently establish a rehabilitation program within 24 hours of admission. Methods We had a QI goal of 100% compliance for establishing a comprehensive rehabilitation plan within 24 hours of admission. Several methods of education were provided to all providers and other burn team members to encourage immediate consultation to physical therapy and occupational therapy. Consultations to these services were frequently delayed. In 2017, 63% of the patients admitted had a rehabilitation plan of care established within 24 hours of admission. To address this, a burn order set was developed. This burn order set had the orders for PT and OT pre-populated to have the order placed on admission. The order set went live in November of 2017. In 2018, the percentage of patients receiving a comprehensive rehabilitation plan within 24 hours of admission had increased to 80%. Further education for use of the order set was provided, including additional presentations during our resident "boot camp" in 2018, our burn program manager reviewing all burn admissions and providing feedback to providers to use the burn order set, and established the role of a dedicated burn NP along with an everyday burn clinic in 2020. Staffing patterns were assessed in collaboration with the lead PT and OT. Rehabilitation established more coverage on the weekends and holidays to ensure staff was available 7 days per week to respond to the rehabilitation referrals for our patients. Results The compliance with the ABA verification criteria for establishment of a comprehensive rehabilitation program within 24 hours of admission had increased with consistent use of the burn order set and increased rehabilitation staffing. In the last 4 quarters of 2020-2021, our compliance has increased to 92%. In 2 of the last 4 quarters our compliance was 100%. Conclusions The use of a comprehensive burn order set can help a hybrid burn center ensure they are set up to meet ABA verification criteria. These order sets when used consistently can not only ensure consults are ordered, but also help remind providers of the unique needs of the burn patients and improve efficiency.
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Borodina, M. A., K. V. Mashkova e S. S. Zenin. "Gender Verification in Sports: Controversial U.S.Experience". Lex Russica, n. 8 (25 agosto 2020): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2020.165.8.032-038.
Abstract (sommario):
Uncertainty concerning admission to various levels of sports competitions that remains at the level of international organizations results in the situation when law-makers in a number of States express their view of the matter. To this end, experience of the USA in this sense is of particular interest as in the USA the conflict between the principle of equality, particularly with respect to national minorities, and fair competition in sports is resolved in differnt ways. On the one hand, the problem is politicized. On the other hand, states exercise unprecedented powers in the field of rulemaking, which creates prerequisites for the formation of diametrically opposed approaches that sometimes do not comply with the approach applied at the federal level. While a broad interpretation of gender that includes sexual orientation and gender identity, has been adopted at the federal level, in some states, e.g. Idaho, in deciding the question of admission to competitions it is prescribed to focus on the biological sex formed at birth. Opponents of the Idaho law can be divided into two groups: 1) individuals focusing on the ethical side of the issue arguing that under the new law anyone can question the gender of an athlete, which would lead to additional examinations; and 2) individuals who advocate rights of transgenders. Thus, law-makers pay more attention to substantiating the need for a legislative decision that appeals not only to jurisprudence and doctrinal approaches, but also to the results of medical research. A number of states have followed this approach and, while not everywhere, the idea of gender verification in sports has been brought to a logical conclusion that the very possibility of deviating from federally enshrined non-discrimination standards based on the broad interpretation of gender has created a unique opportunity for derogation from falsely understood ideas of tolerance and political correctness.
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Sihabudin, Sihabudin, e Edo Adhitama. "HAK KREDITOR DENGAN TAGIHAN PIUTANG TERTOLAK DALAM PROSES PENUNDAAN KEWAJIBAN PEMBAYARAN UTANG". Arena Hukum 16, n. 1 (27 aprile 2023): 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2023.01601.5.
Abstract (sommario):
One of the stages in delaying payment of receivables obligations (PKPU) is the verification of receivables. There may be a possibility that the claim for receivables being rejected at the verification stage may occur, but there is no legal remedy that can be taken by the creditor, either ordinary or extraordinary legal remedies. This article aims to analyze the legal protection of creditors' receivables which are rejected at the receivables verification stage by administrators in the PKPU process and the authority of the supervisory judge in terms of the creditor's bill being rejected at the receivables verification stage. This normative research uses a statutory approach. The results show that Law Number 37 of 2004 does not regulate legal remedies if receivables are rejected in the accounts receivable verification. Efforts are made when this happens, the supervisory judge has the authority to reconcile creditors and debtors in determining. Thus, the debtor does not need to wait for the emergence of a settlement homologation if the bill is rejected in the verification of receivables to submit an appeal to the Supreme Court.
39
Granda, Erika, Kishalay Sinha, Keerti Sharma e Jason Prager. "Evaluating Afterhours Calls From Post-Acute Care for Admission Medication Verification". Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 24, n. 5 (maggio 2023): B30—B31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2023.02.083.
40
Marsigli, Chiara, Elizabeth Ebert, Raghavendra Ashrit, Barbara Casati, Jing Chen, Caio A. S. Coelho, Manfred Dorninger et al. "Review article: Observations for high-impact weather and their use in verification". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 21, n. 4 (26 aprile 2021): 1297–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-1297-2021.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. Verification of forecasts and warnings of high-impact weather is needed by the meteorological centres, but how to perform it still presents many open questions, starting from which data are suitable as reference. This paper reviews new observations which can be considered for the verification of high-impact weather and provides advice for their usage in objective verification. Two high-impact weather phenomena are considered: thunderstorm and fog. First, a framework for the verification of high-impact weather is proposed, including the definition of forecast and observations in this context and creation of a verification set. Then, new observations showing a potential for the detection and quantification of high-impact weather are reviewed, including remote sensing datasets, products developed for nowcasting, datasets derived from telecommunication systems, data collected from citizens, reports of impacts and claim/damage reports from insurance companies. The observation characteristics which are relevant for their usage in forecast verification are also discussed. Examples of forecast evaluation and verification are then presented, highlighting the methods which can be adopted to address the issues posed by the usage of these non-conventional observations and objectively quantify the skill of a high-impact weather forecast.
41
Ghambaryan, A. S., e Yu V. Airapetyan. "ADMISSION OF GUILT AND A CLAIM BY SILENCE IN CRIMINAL AND CIVIL PROCEEDINGS". Вестник Пермского университета. Юридические науки, n. 54 (2021): 754–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/1995-4190-2021-54-754-765.
Abstract (sommario):
Introduction: over the years, there have been made attempts to consider the category of legal silence in the framework of substantive and procedural law and to determine those legal consequences that arise in the absence or presence of silence. This article compares favorably with all previous developments in its breadth and fundamental nature of the research into the legal essence of silence from the point of view of admission of guilt and a claim in procedural law. Purpose: to carry out a historical and comparative analysis of silence on the basis of works of foreign and domestic proceduralists, both those of the pre-revolutionary period, Soviet procedural law and modern legal scholars. Due to the fact that there are different approaches regarding the admission of guilt and its consequences, the institution of admission of guilt within the traditions of the Anglo-Saxon and continental systems was investigated to understand their causes. Methods: empirical methods of comparison, description, interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic; special scientific methods such as legal-dogmatic and the method of interpretation of legal norms. Results: the historical and legal analysis of the sought category of procedural silence showed that in the Anglo-Saxon system admission of guilt by silence is treated with caution; however, it remains possible for it to be considered an acceptable way of resolving a dispute. In the continental system, direct admission of guilt (as evidence) is not credible, nor is it considered the only evidence of guilt. Conclusions: in Armenian procedural law, there is a tendency for the legislator to recognize the facts of silence. It follows from a number of norms that ‘not challenging the facts’ was given legal meaning, and a fact can be not disputed through taking no action aimed at challenging it, that is, by silence. The Russian legislator establishes different approaches to regulating the process of recognizing facts that are not subject to proof in civil and commercial proceedings in the context of silence. In the latter, the non-dispute by the party of the requirements or objections of the other party, as well as the absence of disagreement, which can be found from the meaning of other evidence, is interpreted as a tacit (indirect) recognition of the fact.
42
Tang, Yaling, e Peng Yang. "Graph Enhanced Representation and Reasoning Model for Tabular Fact Verification". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2303, n. 1 (1 luglio 2022): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2303/1/012030.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Tabular fact verification is a challenging task that requires obtaining relevant evidence from the table and utilizing them to verify a given claim. The main difficulty in tabular fact verification is that traditional language models cannot capture the underlying information carried in tabular data. To solve this problem, we propose GraERR, a Graph Enhanced Representation and Reasoning Model for Tabular Fact Verification. It consists of two modules: a data initial representation module based on the DeBERTa model and a graph-augmented representation and inference module. The former improves the inference ability of the model with a DeBERTa model pre-trained on the natural language inference dataset. The graph enhancement module enhances the model’s ability to learn table representations by effectively integrating textual and structural information in tables. The best results obtained experimentally on the InfoTabs dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the GECMT model on the tabular fact verification task.
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Thirlway, Hugh. "Case Analysis: Counterclaims Before the International Court of Justice: The Genocide Convention and Oil Platforms Decisions". Leiden Journal of International Law 12, n. 1 (marzo 1999): 197–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156599000072.
Abstract (sommario):
The provisions of the ICJ Rules of Court concerning counter-claims have fallen to be applied in two recent cases, in circumstances such the Court has had to examine the nature of a counter-claim and the conditions for its admission as such, and in particular the nature of the ‘direct connection’ with the subject-matter of the application, required by the Rules. In each case the counter-claim was admitted, over the dissent of some judges: these decisions are probably justified, even though some aspects of the reasoning may be criticised.
44
PILEGGI, PAOLO, GIUSEPPE IAZEOLLA e PIETER KRITZINGER. "DEMONSTRATING THE SYNERGY BETWEEN CAC AND SCHEDULING IN WIRELESS NETWORKS". International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 04, n. 01 (27 dicembre 2012): 1250027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793962312500274.
Abstract (sommario):
Wireless technology is now an integral part of communication network infrastructure. From their first beginnings, such as connection-oriented General System Mobile networks for voice traffic only and connectionless wireless local area networks for data traffic, new generation wireless networks are connection-oriented and provide differentiated services to the user. With the arrival of more sophisticated services and mobility, have arisen the need for Connection Admission Control and traffic scheduling in the network to enhance the quality of experience (QoE) of the user and optimizing the revenue in dynamic workload environments. A great deal of research effort has gone into the study of the performance of one such network standard, namely the IEEE 802.16 networks. Most optimization studies focus on scheduling (a very mature subject in computing) and ignore connection admission (a very mature subject in telephone engineering) or vice versa. In this paper we claim that one should not study the two in isolation and provide empirical evidence to prove our claim.
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Bindris, Nouf, Nello Cristianini e Jonathan Lawry. "Claim Consistency Checking Using Soft Logic". Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction 2, n. 3 (6 luglio 2020): 147–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/make2030009.
Abstract (sommario):
Increasing concerns about the prevalence of false information and fake news has led to calls for automated fact-checking systems that are capable of verifying the truthfulness of statements, especially on the internet. Most previous automated fact-checking systems have focused on the use of grammar rules only for determining the properties of the language used in statements. Here, we demonstrate a novel approach to the fact-checking of natural language text, which uses a combination of all the following techniques: knowledge extraction to establish a knowledge base, logical inference for fact-checking of claims not explicitly mentioned in the text through the verification of the consistency of a set of beliefs with established trusted knowledge, and a re-querying approach that enables continuous learning. The approach that is presented here addresses the limitations of existing automated fact-checking systems via this novel procedure. This procedure is as follows: the approach investigates the consistency of presented facts or claims while using probabilistic soft logic and a Knowledge Base, which is continuously updated through continuous learning strategies. We demonstrate this approach by focusing on the task of checking facts about family-tree relationships against a corpus of web resources concerned with the UK Royal Family.
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Zhou, Q., T. E. Panduro, B. J. Thorsen e K. Arnbjerg-Nielsen. "Verification of flood damage modelling using insurance data". Water Science and Technology 68, n. 2 (1 luglio 2013): 425–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.268.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper presents the results of an analysis using insurance data for damage description and risk model verification, based on data from a Danish case. The results show that simple, local statistics of rainfall are not able to describe the variation in individual cost per claim, but are, however, feasible for modelling the overall cost per day. The study also shows that in combining the insurance and regional data it is possible to establish clear relationships between occurrences of claims and hazard maps. In particular, the results indicate that with improvements to data collection and analysis, improved prediction of damage costs will be possible, for example based also on socioeconomic variables. Furthermore, the paper concludes that more collaboration between scientific research and insurance agencies is needed to improve inundation modelling and economic assessments for urban drainage designs.
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Mongiovì, Misael, e Aldo Gangemi. "GRAAL: Graph-Based Retrieval for Collecting Related Passages across Multiple Documents". Information 15, n. 6 (29 maggio 2024): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info15060318.
Abstract (sommario):
Finding passages related to a sentence over a large collection of text documents is a fundamental task for claim verification and open-domain question answering. For instance, a common approach for verifying a claim is to extract short snippets of relevant text from a collection of reference documents and provide them as input to a natural language inference machine that determines whether the claim can be deduced or refuted. Available approaches struggle when several pieces of evidence from different documents need to be combined to make an inference, as individual documents often have a low relevance with the input and are therefore excluded. We propose GRAAL (GRAph-based retrievAL), a novel graph-based approach that outlines the relevant evidence as a subgraph of a large graph that summarizes the whole corpus. We assess the validity of this approach by building a large graph that represents co-occurring entity mentions on a corpus of Wikipedia pages and using this graph to identify candidate text relevant to a claim across multiple pages. Our experiments on a subset of FEVER, a popular benchmark, show that the proposed approach is effective in identifying short passages related to a claim from multiple documents.
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Sapphirova, A. A. "Admission to work and conclusion of an employment contract: issues of protection of labor rights of employees". Voprosy trudovogo prava (Labor law issues), n. 4 (20 aprile 2023): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pol-2-2304-01.
Abstract (sommario):
The article examines the issues of protecting the labor rights of workers during their admission to work and the subsequent conclusion of an employment contract. The article deals with the problems that arise when the employer does not have local regulations on admission to work, the issues of the employer’s self-examination, the introduction of labor compliance and a possible labor audit as an external independent verification of the actions (inaction) of the employer’s officials in compliance with labor law norms.
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Lin, Ying-Jia, Chun-Yi Lin, Chia-Jen Yeh, Yi-Ting Li, Yun-Yu Hu, Chih-Hao Hsu, Mei-Feng Lee e Hung-Yu Kao. "CFEVER: A Chinese Fact Extraction and VERification Dataset". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, n. 17 (24 marzo 2024): 18626–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i17.29825.
Abstract (sommario):
We present CFEVER, a Chinese dataset designed for Fact Extraction and VERification. CFEVER comprises 30,012 manually created claims based on content in Chinese Wikipedia. Each claim in CFEVER is labeled as “Supports”, “Refutes”, or “Not Enough Info” to depict its degree of factualness. Similar to the FEVER dataset, claims in the “Supports” and “Refutes” categories are also annotated with corresponding evidence sentences sourced from single or multiple pages in Chinese Wikipedia. Our labeled dataset holds a Fleiss’ kappa value of 0.7934 for five-way inter-annotator agreement. In addition, through the experiments with the state-of-the-art approaches developed on the FEVER dataset and a simple baseline for CFEVER, we demonstrate that our dataset is a new rigorous benchmark for factual extraction and verification, which can be further used for developing automated systems to alleviate human fact-checking efforts. CFEVER is available at https://ikmlab.github.io/CFEVER.
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Backeman, Peter, Ashalatha Kunnappilly e Cristina Seceleanu. "Supporting 5G service orchestration with formal verification". Computer Science and Information Systems, n. 00 (2022): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis211001059b.
Abstract (sommario):
The 5G communication technology has the ability to create logical net works, called network slices, which are specifically carved to serve particular application domains. Due to the mix of different application criticality, it becomes crucial to verify if the applications? service level agreements are met. In this pa per, we propose a novel framework for modeling and verifying 5G orchestration, considering simultaneous access and admission of new requests to slices as well as virtual network function scheduling and routing. By combining modeling in user friendly UML, with UPPAAL model checking and satisfiability-modulo-theories based model finding, our framework supports both modeling and formal verification of service orchestration. We demonstrate our approach on a e-health case study showing how a user, with no knowledge of formal methods, can model a system in UML and verify that the application meets its requirements.