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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Vegetation and climate"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 29 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Vegetation and climate"

Deil, Ulrich, e Javier Loidi. "Vegetation and climate - an introduction". Phytocoenologia 30, n. 3-4 (24 novembre 2000): 275–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/phyto/30/2000/275.

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He, Dong, Xianglin Huang, Qingjiu Tian e Zhichao Zhang. "Changes in Vegetation Growth Dynamics and Relations with Climate in Inner Mongolia under More Strict Multiple Pre-Processing (2000–2018)". Sustainability 12, n. 6 (24 marzo 2020): 2534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062534.

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Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR) is related to China’s ecological security and the improvement of ecological environment; thus, the vegetation’s response to climate changes in IMAR has become an important part of current global change research. As existing achievements have certain deficiencies in data preprocessing, technical methods and research scales, we correct the incomplete data pre-processing and low verification accuracy; use grey relational analysis (GRA) to study the response of Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) in the growing season to climate factors on the pixel scale; explore the factors that affect the response speed and response degree from multiple perspectives, including vegetation type, longitude, latitude, elevation and local climate type; and solve the problems of excessive ignorance of details and severe distortion of response results due to using average values of the wide area or statistical data. The results show the following. 1. The vegetation status of IMAR in 2000-2018 was mainly improved. The change rates were 0.23/10° N and 0.25/10° E, respectively. 2. The response speed and response degree of forests to climatic factors are higher than that of grasslands. 3. The lag time of response for vegetation growth to precipitation, air temperature and relative humidity in IMAR is mainly within 2 months. The speed of vegetation‘s response to climate change in IMAR is mainly affected by four major factors: vegetation type, altitude gradient, local climate type and latitude. 4. Vegetation types and altitude gradients are the two most important factors affecting the degree of vegetation’s response to climate factors. It is worth noting that when the altitude rises to 2500 m, the dominant factor for the vegetation growth changes from precipitation to air temperature in terms of hydrothermal combination in the environment. Vegetation growth in areas with relatively high altitudes is more dependent on air temperature.

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Webb, Thompson. "Climate and Vegetation". Ecology 69, n. 1 (febbraio 1988): 294–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1943188.

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UCHIJIMA, Zenbei. "Climate and Vegetation." Journal of Geography (Chigaku Zasshi) 102, n. 6 (1993): 745–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5026/jgeography.102.6_745.

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Brovkin, V. "Climate-vegetation interaction". Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings) 12, n. 10 (novembre 2002): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20020452.

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Woodward, F. I., e I. F. McKee. "Vegetation and climate". Environment International 17, n. 6 (gennaio 1991): 535–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-4120(91)90166-n.

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Loehle, C. "Predicting Pleistocene climate from vegetation". Climate of the Past Discussions 2, n. 5 (23 ottobre 2006): 979–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-2-979-2006.

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Abstract. Climates at the Last Glacial Maximum have been inferred from fossil pollen assemblages, but these inferred climates are colder than those produced by climate simulations. Biogeographic evidence also argues against these inferred cold climates. The recolonization of glaciated zones in eastern North America following the last ice age produced distinct biogeographic patterns. It has been assumed that a wide zone south of the ice was tundra or boreal parkland (Boreal-Parkland Zone or BPZ), which would have been recolonized from southern refugia as the ice melted, but the patterns in this zone differ from those in the glaciated zone, which creates a major biogeographic anomaly. In the glacial zone, there are few endemics but in the BPZ there are many across multiple taxa. In the glacial zone, there are the expected gradients of genetic diversity with distance from the ice-free zone, but no evidence of this is found in the BPZ. Many races and related species exist in the BPZ which would have merged or hybridized if confined to the same refugia. Evidence for distinct southern refugia for most temperate species is lacking. Extinctions of temperate flora were rare. The interpretation of spruce as a boreal climate indicator may be mistaken over much of the region if the spruce was actually an extinct temperate species. All of these anomalies call into question the concept that climates in the zone south of the ice were very cold or that temperate species had to migrate far to the south. Similar anomalies exist in Europe and on tropical mountains. An alternate hypothesis is that low CO2 levels gave an advantage to pine and spruce, which are the dominant trees in the BPZ, and to herbaceous species over trees, which also fits the observed pattern. Most temperate species could have survived across their current ranges at lower abundance by retreating to moist microsites. These would be microrefugia not easily detected by pollen records, especially if most species became rare. These results mean that climate reconstruction based on terrestrial plant indicators will not be valid for periods with markedly different CO2 levels.

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An, Huicong, Xiaorong Zhang e Jiaqi Ye. "Analysis of Vegetation Environmental Stress and the Lag Effect in Countries along the “Six Economic Corridors”". Sustainability 16, n. 8 (15 aprile 2024): 3303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16083303.

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Climate conditions have a significant impact on the growth of vegetation in terrestrial ecosystems, and the response of vegetation to climate shows different lag effects with the change in spatial pattern and category of the ecosystem. Exploring the interaction mechanism between climate and vegetation growth is helpful to promote the sustainable development of the regional ecological environment. Using normalized vegetation index (NDVI) and meteorological data, based on univariate linear regression and partial correlation analysis, this study explores the temporal and spatial pattern and change trend of vegetation cover in regions and node cities along the “six economic corridors”, and analyzes the environmental stress of vegetation growth and the lag effect of climate response. This study shows that there are great differences in the overall vegetation coverage along the “six economic corridors”. The vegetation coverage in Southeast Asia is the best and that in central and West Asia is the worst. The vegetation coverage in the study area shows an improvement trend, accounting for 39.6% of the total area. There are significant differences in the lag effect of vegetation response and the main climate factors affecting vegetation growth, which is related to the diversity of vegetation and climate characteristics. In this study, we selected regions along the “six economic corridors” that exhibit large latitude and altitude gradients, diverse climate types, and significant seasonal changes and spatial differences in climate conditions as our research areas. Additionally, we considered the impact of different regions and various types of vegetation on their response to climate change. This is of great significance for gaining a deeper understanding of the response mechanism of global climate change and vegetation ecology. Furthermore, our research can provide valuable information to support the ecological environment protection of different typical vegetation against extreme climates, ultimately contributing to the sustainable development of “the Belt and Road”.

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Smith, H. Jesse. "The vegetation-climate loop". Science 356, n. 6343 (15 giugno 2017): 1134.17–1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.356.6343.1134-q.

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Du, Guoming, Shouhong Yan, Hang Chen, Jian Yang e Youyue Wen. "Intra-Annual Cumulative Effects and Mechanisms of Climatic Factors on Global Vegetation Biomes’ Growth". Remote Sensing 16, n. 5 (23 febbraio 2024): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16050779.

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Previous studies have shown that climate change has significant cumulative effects on vegetation growth. However, there remains a gap in understanding the characteristics of cumulative climatic effects on different vegetation types and the underlying driving mechanisms. In this study, using the normalized difference vegetation index data from 1982 to 2015, along with accumulated temperature, precipitation, and solar radiation data, we quantitatively investigated the intra-annual cumulative effects of climatic factors on global vegetation biomes across climatic zones. We also explored the underlying driving mechanisms. The results indicate that precipitation has a longer intra-annual cumulative effect on vegetation, with effects lasting up to 12 months for large percentages of most vegetation biomes. The cumulative effect of solar radiation is mostly concentrated within 0–6 months. Temperature has a shorter cumulative effect, with no significant cumulative effect of temperature on large percentages of tree-type vegetation. Compared to other vegetation types, evergreen broadleaf forests, close shrublands, open shrublands, savannas, and woody savannas exhibit more complex cumulative climatic effects. Each vegetation type shows a weak-to-moderate correlation with accumulated precipitation while exhibiting strong-to-extremely-strong positive correlations with accumulated temperature and accumulated solar radiation. The climate-induced regulations of water, heat, and nutrient, as well as the intrinsic mechanisms of vegetation’s tolerance, resistance, and adaptation to climate change, account for the significant heterogeneity of cumulative climatic effects across vegetation biomes in different climatic zones. This study contributes to enriching the theoretical understanding of the relationship between vegetation growth and climate change. It also offers crucial theoretical support for developing climate change adaptation strategies and improving future “vegetation-climate” models.

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Tesi sul tema "Vegetation and climate"

Loptson, Claire A. "Modelling vegetation-climate interactions in past greenhouse climates". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.680126.

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The early Eocene to the Cretaceous (48-148 Ma) was a period in the Earth's history where the climate was much warmer than the present day, with no permanent ice sheets and atmospheric CO2 levels higher than the present day. Using the climate model HadCM3L coupled to a dynamic vegetation model, this thesis aims to analyse vegetation-climate interactions during these past greenhouse climates, and how the climate, vegetation and climate sensitivity of these time periods are influenced by changes in palaeogeography and CO2 . The results of these model simulations are also evaluated against climatologically-sensitive geological proxies. Past modelling studies for the early Eocene have struggled to model the shallow equator to pole temperature gradient that data suggests was present during this time. However, most models have neglected vegetation feedbacks and incorporating these may help to reduce the model-data discrepancy. In this thesis, vegetation climate interactions during the early Eocene are modelled and analysed, and the results compared to available proxy data. The model-data discrepancies for temperatures are also reduced when vegetation feedbacks were included (compared to simulations with static vegetation), although there are still differences, particularly at high latitudes. This suggests that the models are still missing important processes or the data is not being interpreted correctly. In addition, twelve consistent simulations are carried out , each representing a different stage of the Cretaceous. Each simulation has the same atmospheric CO2 level, allowing the effect of palaeogeography on climate, climate sensitivity and vegetation to be analysed. It was found that, in general, the temperature trends that occurred in the mid-Cretaceous simulations were consistent with data. However, the data record does not extend to the earliest Cretaceous, and in the late Cretaceous the results deviate from the data. The model results suggest that, in order for the model to be consistent with the data there must have been a decline in CO2 from the early to late Cretaceous, which is supported by the CO2 proxy record. More data from the early Cretaceous needs to be collected in order to carry out a more robust model-data comparison for this time period.

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Gebrehiwot, Worku Zewdie. "Climate, land use and vegetation trends". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-209668.

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Land use / land cover (LULC) change assessment is getting more consideration by global environmental change studies as land use change is exposing dryland environments for transitions and higher rates of resource depletion. The semiarid regions of northwestern Ethiopia are not different as land use transition is the major problem of the region. However, there is no satisfactory study to quantify the change process of the region up to now. Hence, spatiotemporal change analysis is vital for understanding and identification of major threats and solicit solutions for sustainable management of the ecosystem. LULC change studies focus on understanding the patterns, processes and dynamics of land use transitions and driving forces of change. The change processes in dryland ecosystems can be either seasonal, gradual or abrupt changes of random or systematic change processes that result in a pattern or permanent transition in land use. Identification of these processes of change and their type supports adoption of monitoring options and indicate possible measures to be taken to safeguard this dynamic ecosystem. This study examines the spatiotemporal patterns of LULC change, temporal trends in climate variables and the insights of the communities on change patterns of ecosystems. Landsat imagery, MODIS NDVI, CRU temperature, TAMSAT rainfall and socio-ecological field data were used in order to identify change processes. LULC transformation was monitored using support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. A cross-tabulation matrix assessment was implemented in order to assess the total change of land use categories based on net change and swap change. In addition, the pattern of change was identified based on expected gain and loss under a random process of gain and loss, respectively. Breaks For Additive Seasonal and Trend (BFAST) analysis was employed for determining the time, direction and magnitude of seasonal, abrupt and trend changes within the time series datasets. In addition, Man Kendall test statistic and Sen’s slope estimator were used for assessing long term trends on detrended time series data components. Distributed lag (DL) model was also adopted in order to determine the time lag response of vegetation to the current and past rainfall distribution. Over the study period of 1972- 2014, there is a significant change in LULC as evidenced by a significant increase in size of cropland of about 53% and a net loss of over 61% of woodland area. The period 2000-2014 has shown a sharp increase of cropland and a sharp decline of woodland areas. Proximate causes include agricultural expansion and excessive wood harvesting; and underlying causes of demographic factor, economic factors and policy contributed the most to an overuse of existing natural resources. In both the observed and expected proportion of random process of change and of systematic changes, woodland has shown the highest loss compared to other land use types. The observed transition and expected transition under random process of gain of woodland to cropland is 1.7%, implies that cropland systematically gains to replace woodland. The comparison of the difference between observed and expected loss under random process of loss also showed that when woodland loses cropland systematically replaces it. The assessment of magnitude and time of breakpoints on climate data and NDVI showed different results. Accordingly, NDVI analysis demonstrated the existence of breakpoints that are statistically significant on the seasonal and long term trends. There is a positive trend, but no breakpoints on the long term precipitation data during the study period. The maximum temperature also showed a positive trend with two breakpoints which are not statistically significant. On the other hand, there is no seasonal and trend breakpoints in minimum temperature, though there is an overall positive trend along the study period. The Man-Kendall test statistic for long term average Tmin and Tmax showed significant variation where as there is no significant trend within the long term rainfall distribution. The lag regression between NDVI and precipitation indicated a lag of up to forty days. This proves that the vegetation growth in this area is not primarily determined by the current precipitation rather with the previous forty days rainfall. The combined analysis showed declining vegetation productivity and a loss of vegetation cover that contributed for an easy movement of dust clouds during the dry period of the year. This affects the land condition of the region, resulting in long term degradation of the environment

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Davies-Barnard, T. "Climate and crop interactions : the biogeophysical effects on climate and vegetation". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685042.

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The interactions between changing agricultural land and climate are multi faceted and only partially understood. This thesis looks at interactions between crops and climate from assumptions about parameterisations that underpin crop changes in models; the unintended consequences of policies which affect land cover; and the impacts of deliberate crop changes (e.g. biogeoengineering). Focusing on the biogeophysical effects (from albedo, evapotranspiration etc.) these effects are compared to the biogeochemical effects (from greenhouse gases). There are considerable local and global biogeophysical effects to climate from land-use change, which do not necessarily scale linearly with the amount of landuse change itself. Changing the parameterisation of contributory factors to biogeophysical changes can affect the climate at least as much as deliberate alterations. Similarly, climate forced land cover change effects can be larger than land use forced changes. Increases in crop yield from deliberately altered albedo are small, but the changes to climate via albedo from different assumptions of yield are significant at a global and regional scale. This work emphasises the importance of including biogeophysical interactions in assessments of crop and land cover change in policy decisions, but also that the effects of land use change should not be overestimated, as the net effects are often smaller than the parameter uncertainty.

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Lee, S. E. "Modelling interactions between climate and global vegetation in response to climate change". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1997. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2063/.

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Climate change associated with increasing concentrations of the greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide(CO2), is expected to lead to an increase in global mean temperature of between 1 and 3.5 deg C by the end of the 21st century, with regional changes in rainfall and humidity. This thesis is concerned with modelling the effects of a changing climate and atmospheric C02 concentration on global vegetation. The process-based model, DOLY (Dynamic glObal phtogeographY), is used. It is able to operate using three climate variables, two soil variables and an atmospheric CO2 concentration. Its outputs are leaf area index (LAI), and net primary productivity (NPP). The LAI and NPP values predicted by DOLY were used to run a life-form model with a climate change scenario. It was found that warming led to the spread of trees into the tundra region. The DOLY model was also coupled with the Hadley Centre general circulation model to determine the feedbacks of vegetation on climate. With a global warming of 2◦C, the global feedback of vegetation on temperature was a decrease of 0.1 deg C. However at the regional scale the feedback was +/-2 ◦C, of similar magnitude to the driving temperature change. Finally, the DOLY model was run with transient climate data from the Hadley Centre. The boreal forest moved north, and the Gobi desert and the southern steppes in the former Soviet Union shrank in area. The sensitivity of the model to its soil and climate inputs have also been analysed over a range of environments and the model has been validated with reference to satellite data and experimental data. It was found to perform well. This thesis has shown that it is possible to predict current and possible future distributions of vegetation with climate change using a vegetation model.

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Cohen, Yoav. "A comparison between vegetation indices for measuring vegetation dynamics resulting from climate variations /". [Beer Sheva] : Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 2008. http://aranne5.lib.ad.bgu.ac.il/others/CohenYoav.pdf.

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Davies, Katherine Siân. "Early Palaeocene vegetation and climate of North America". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4e48bfd5-f749-4d84-a132-c45fd8429fdc.

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Early Palaeocene floras from twenty seven sites within the Raton, southern Powder River and south-western Williston Basins of the western interior of North America were collected, and their leaf physiognomy, ecological character and depositional setting compared. Such a spread of samples enabled the study of spatial and temporal vegetational and climatic variations in the region, following the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary event. Climatic changes are observed across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Precipitation increased dramatically, and remained relatively high throughout the earliest Palaeocene. Temperatures were somewhat lower, compared to those of the Late Cretaceous, and seasonality in climate increased. Climatic and vegetation zones shifted southwards as latitudinal climatic equability decreased. Palaeotemperature and palaeoprecipitation were determined using CLAMP and leaf margin analysis. Experiments carried out to assess the robustness of CLAMP to loss of foliar physiognomic data revealed that this data loss did not drastically effect palaeoclimatic determinations but that information about leaf size and margin type had the most effect on results. Vegetation was of low diversity directly after the boundary event, but recovered to stable, but still relatively low levels, within a short time. Changes in diversity are difficult to interpret due to masking by taphonomic biases, which are important within the depositional environments analysed in this study. Climatic deterioration and the prevalence of disturbed environments ultimately facilitated expansion of the angiosperms, although their aspect was changed with a general increase in deciduous forms, in relation to increased seasonality and decreased equability. These trends cannot be related merely to the impact of a bolide at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, but reflect the more global and wide-ranging changes of the period, which were punctuated by this brief, deleterious event. Previous work has tended to concentrate on the North American continent but a more global perspective reveals that the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary event was not a world-wide catastrophe within terrestrial environments.

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Barichivich, J. "Responses of boreal vegetation to recent climate change". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2014. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/49468/.

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The high northern latitudes have warmed faster than anywhere else in the globe during the past few decades. Boreal ecosystems are responding to this rapid climatic change in complex ways and some times contrary to expectations, with large implications for the global climate system. This thesis investigates how boreal vegetation has responded to recent climate change, particularly to the lengthening of the growing season and changes in drought severity with warming. The links between the timing of the growing season and the seasonal cycle of atmospheric CO2 are evaluated in detail to infer large-scale ecosystem responses to changing seasonality and extended period of plant growth. The influence of warming on summer drought severity is estimated at a regional scale for the first time using improved data. The results show that ecosystem responses to warming and lengthening of the growing season in autumn are opposite to those in spring. Earlier springs are associated with earlier onset of photosynthetic uptake of atmospheric CO2 by northern vegetation, whereas a delayed autumn, rather than being associated with prolonged photosynthetic uptake, is associated with earlier ecosystem carbon release to the atmosphere. Moreover, the photosynthetic growing season has closely tracked the pace of warming and extension of the potential growing season in spring, but not in autumn. Rapid warming since the late 1980s has increased evapotranspiration demand and consequently summer and autumn drought severity, offsetting the effect of increasing cold-season precipitation. This is consistent with ongoing amplification of the hydrological cycle and with model projections of summer drying at northern latitudes in response to anthropogenic warming. However, changes in snow dynamics (accumulation and melting) appear to be more important than increased evaporative demand in controlling changes in summer soil moisture availability and vegetation photosynthesis across extensive regions of the boreal zone, where vegetation growth is often assumed to be dominantly temperature-limited. Snow-mediated moisture controls of vegetation growth are particularly significant in northwestern North America. In this region, a non-linear growth response of white spruce growth to recent warming at high elevations was observed. Taken together, these results indicate that net observed responses of northern ecosystems to warming involve significant seasonal contrasts, can be non-linear and are mediated by moisture availability in about a third of the boreal zone.

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Tang, Guoping. "An examination of vegetation modeling-related issues and the variation and climate sensitivity of vegetation and hydrology in China". Thesis, Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/8543.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-156). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.

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Arain, Muhammad Altaf. "Spatial aggregation of vegetation parameters in a coupled land surface-atmosphere model". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1994. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0049_m_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Abraitienė, Jolita. "Climate-induced changes of vegetation in broadleaved deciduous forests". Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20121024_111936-53102.

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The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of meteorological factors on the phenological phases of the vegetation in broadleaved forests under varying climatic conditions. To attain the aim, the following objectives were set: 1. Characterize the changes of values of meteorological parameters (temperature, precipitation) in the studied period; 2. Determine solar radiation intensity under the canopies of trees, phenological phases of trees and bushes and their changes; 3. Determine the changes of projection coverage, height and phenological phases of herbaceous plants during the growing period; 4. Ascertain the relationship between meteorological factors and phenological phases of woody and herbaceous plants. Scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance. Up till now in Lithuania phenological studies mostly of agricultural plants have been conducted. Phenological studies on woody and herbaceous plants in the forests of Lithuania are almost absent. Most of the studies were conducted with indicator species, such as hazel, coltsfoot, etc. During the study, for the first time in Lithuania a complex investigation of forest community was carried out and the influence of meteorological factors on the phenological phases of herbaceous and woody plants in Kamša botanical-zoological reserve was determined. The results of the study allow to better assess the influence of meteorological factors on seasonal development (phenology) of herbaceous plants, trees and... [to full text]
Darbo tikslas – ištirti meteorologinių veiksnių įtaką plačialapių lapuočių miškų augalijos fenologiniams tarpsniams skirtingų klimatinių sąlygų metais. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. charakterizuoti meteorologinių rodiklių (temperatūros, kritulių) reikšmių kaitą tiriamuoju laikotarpiu; 2. nustatyti apšvietimą po medžių lajomis, medžių ir krūmų lapojimo fenologinius tarpsnius ir jų pokyčius; 3. nustatyti žolinių augalų projekcinio padengimo, aukščio, fenologinių tarpsnių kaitą vegetacijos metu; 4. nustatyti ryšį tarp meteorologinių veiksnių ir sumedėjusių, žolinių augalų fenologinių tarpsnių. Darbo mokslinis naujumas, teorinė ir praktinė reikšmė. Lietuvoje iki šiol daugiausia atlikta fenologinių tyrimų su žemės ūkio augalais. Sumedėjusių augalų ir miško žolinių augalų detalių fenologinių tyrimų Lietuvoje beveik nėra. Daugiausia atlikta indikatorinių rūšių, kaip paprastasis lazdynas, paprastasis šalpusnis ir kt., tyrimų. Pirmą kartą Lietuvoje kompleksiškai tirta miško bendrija, nustatyta meteorologinių veiksnių įtaka sumedėjusių augalų lapojimo ir žolinių augalų fenologiniams tarpsniams Kamšos botaniniame-zoologiniame draustinyje. Darbo rezultatai leidžia geriau įvertinti meteorologinių veiksnių įtaką miško žolinės augalijos, medžių ir krūmų sezoniniam vystymuisi (fenologijai). Gautos žinios svarbios ne tik teoriniam išsamesniam atskirų rūšių biologijos pažinimui, bet ir praktiniams tikslams: dendrologijoje, fitopatologijoje ir t. t.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Vegetation and climate"

Zahran, M. A. Climate - Vegetation. A cura di Francis Gilbert. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8595-5.

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Adams, Jonathan. Vegetation—Climate Interaction. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00881-8.

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Breckle, Siegmar-W., e M. Daud Rafiqpoor. Vegetation and Climate. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64036-4.

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Holland, V. L. California vegetation. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co., 1995.

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Brewer, Michael J. Estimating natural vegetation from climatic data. Pittsgrove, N.J: C.W. Thornthwaite Associates, 2001.

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Woodward, F. I. Climate and plant distribution. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

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Kabat, Pavel, Martin Claussen, Paul A. Dirmeyer, John H. C. Gash, Lelys Bravo de Guenni, Michel Meybeck, Roger A. Pielke, Charles I. Vörösmarty, Ronald W. A. Hutjes e Sabine Lütkemeier, a cura di. Vegetation, Water, Humans and the Climate. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18948-7.

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Fahad, Shah, Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Mukhtar Alam, Hidayat Ullah, Muhammad Saeed, Imtiaz Ali Khan e Muhammad Adnan, a cura di. Environment, Climate, Plant and Vegetation Growth. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49732-3.

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Beltran, Gutierrez, e Pena Cristos, a cura di. Tundras: Vegetation, wildlife, and climate trends. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Pub., 2009.

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Klink, Katherine. Evaluating climate-vegetation interactions at climate model sub-grid scales. Elmer, N.J: C.W. Thornthwaite Associates, Laboratory of Climatology, 1992.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Vegetation and climate"

Zahran, M. A. "Afro-Asian Mediterranean Coastal Lands". In Climate - Vegetation, 1–103. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8595-5_1.

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Zahran, M. A. "Afro-Asian Red Sea Coastal Lands". In Climate - Vegetation, 105–217. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8595-5_2.

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Zahran, M. A. "Climate–Vegetation Relationships: Perspectives". In Climate - Vegetation, 219–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8595-5_3.

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Zahran, M. A. "Climate–Vegetation and Human Welfare in the Coastal Deserts". In Climate - Vegetation, 249–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8595-5_4.

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Ibbeken, Hillert, e Ruprecht Schleyer. "Climate and Vegetation". In Source and Sediment, 46–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76165-2_5.

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Mountjoy, Alan B., e Clifford Embleton. "Climate and Vegetation". In Africa, 275–83. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032685700-30.

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Adams, Jonathan. "The climate system". In Vegetation—Climate Interaction, 1–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00881-8_1.

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Fisher, Martin, e David A. Membery. "Climate". In Vegetation of the Arabian Peninsula, 5–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3637-4_2.

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Adams, Jonathan. "Microclimates and vegetation". In Vegetation—Climate Interaction, 97–119. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00881-8_4.

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Breckle, Siegmar-W., e M. Daud Rafiqpoor. "Part K: ZB VIII—Zonobiome of the Taiga or of the Cold Temperate Boreal Climate". In Vegetation and Climate, 443–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64036-4_12.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Vegetation and climate"

"Vulnerability of Green Infrastructure Vegetation to Climate Change". In ASABE 1st Climate Change Symposium: Adaptation and Mitigation. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/cc.20152144038.

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Dissanayake, C., UGD Weerasinghe e KWJP Wijesundara. "URBAN VEGETATION AND MORPHOLOGY PARAMETERS AFFECTING MICROCLIMATE AND OUTDOOR THERMAL COMFORT IN WARM HUMID CITIES – A REVIEW OF RESEARCH IN THE PAST DECADE". In The 5th International Conference on Climate Change 2021 – (ICCC 2021). The International Institute of Knowledge Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/2513258x.2021.5101.

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Urbanization provokes major modifications to the natural landscape. As the urban population reaches 60% of the world's population by 2030, this constant development, neglecting the planning and design of open spaces, negatively affects microclimate. This leads to local climate change, urban heat islands, and outdoor thermal discomfort. This paper is based on the recent studies of urban morphology and vegetation parameters affecting urban microclimate and outdoor thermal comfort in warm, humid cities in the past decade. Results revealed that three factors are of paramount importance and affect the thermal comfort level; urban space morphology, the orientation of elements and spaces, and vegetation. Therefore, Scenario developments for micrometeorological simulations should be processed considering the identified parameters of urban morphology and vegetation which are further categorized as parameters of geometry, density, configuration, and the physical properties of plants. However, the Configuration of urban vegetation that affects the thermal comfort of urban spaces has not received adequate attention in previous research yet. Thus, future research is needed considering the planting patterns, arrangement of various species, and planting orientations with prevailing wind conditions. By the end of this review, a theoretical framework is suggested as an approach to assess the impact of urban vegetation and morphology parameters on outdoor thermal comfort in warm, humid climates. The framework guides further research adopting more specific and comprehensive approaches of urban vegetation configuration with reference to specific urban morphologies to improve the local microclimate of cities, where the space for planting is critical. Keywords: urban vegetation, urban morphology, vegetation configuration, outdoor thermal comfort, warm humid cities, Climate change

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Balzter, Heiko, France Gerard, Graham Weedon, Will Grey, Sietse Los, Bruno Combal, Etienne Bartholome e Sergey Bartalev. "Climate, vegetation phenology and forest fires in Siberia". In 2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2007.4423682.

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Manneh, Abeer, e Hanan Taleb. "Vegetation Impact on Microclimate in Hot Climate Zones". In The 2nd World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering. Avestia Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/icesdp17.180.

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Fletcher, Tamara, Ran Feng, Kendrick Brown, Lisa Warden, Adam Csank, Philip Higuera, Natalia Rybczynski, Bette Otto-Bleisner e Ashley Ballantyne. "VEGETATION AND FIRE: FEEDBACKS TO PLIOCENE ARCTIC CLIMATE". In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-298574.

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Xu, Zhen, Benjamin Mills, Simon Poulton, Jianxin Yu, Hongfu Yin, Jason Hilton, Alexander Dunhill et al. "Early Triassic hothouse climate sustained by vegetation collapse". In Goldschmidt2022. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2022.10630.

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Liu, L. F., J. L. Wang, J. M. Sha, Y. M. Jiao e J. C. Zhou. "DYNAMIC CHANGE OF VEGETATION COVER AND ITS CORRELATION WITH CLIMATIC FACTORS IN CENTRAL YUNNAN PROVINCE, CHINA". In Лесные экосистемы в условиях изменения климата: биологическая продуктивность и дистанционный мониторинг. Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25686/2022.58.23.001.

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Fractional vegetation cover (FVC) is an evaluation index reflecting the quality of the ecological environment, and mastering the changes in vegetation cover that can help to realize the construction of ecological civilization and ecological environmental protection. To study the complex relationship between climate factors and vegetation cover, the dynamic characteristics and spatial patterns of vegetation cover in central Yunnan Province (CYP) and the correlation between vegetation cover and climate factors were investigated by applying the univariate linear regression and correlation analysis methods based on pixels using MODIS - NDVI and Chinese 1 km resolution monthly precipitation and temperature datasets from 2000 to 2020. The results showed that (1) the average vegetation cover in the past 20 years was 0.57, and the overall vegetation cover was increasing, with 48.18%, 28.23%, and 23.59% of the area showing increasing, stable, and decreasing trends, respectively; (2) spatially, the vegetation cover pattern was decreasing from southwest to northeast, and the vegetation cover in Chuxiong and Yuxi was higher than that in Kunming and Qujing; (3) the vegetation cover change in CYP was correlated with the climate factor; (4) there is a significant correlation between vegetation cover changes and climate factors in CYP, and the response of vegetation cover to precipitation in CYP is stronger than that of temperature.

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Zoran, Maria A., Liviu Florin V. Zoran e Adrian I. Dida. "Forest vegetation dynamics and its response to climate changes". In SPIE Remote Sensing, a cura di Christopher M. U. Neale e Antonino Maltese. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2241374.

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Porinchu, David. "LATE QUATERNARY CLIMATE AND VEGETATION DYNAMICS IN NORTHEASTERN EURASIA". In Joint 56th Annual North-Central/ 71st Annual Southeastern Section Meeting - 2022. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022nc-375773.

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Machar, Ivo, Marián Halás e Zdeněk Opršal. "Regional biogeographical model of vegetation zones in doctoral programme Regional Biography in Olomouc (Case study for Norway spruce)". In 27th edition of the Central European Conference with subtitle (Teaching) of regional geography. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9694-2020-11.

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Regional climate changes impacts induce vegetation zones shift to higher altitudes in temperate landscape. This paper deals with applying of regional biogeography model of climate conditions for vegetation zones in Czechia to doctoral programme Regional Geography in Palacky University Olomouc. The model is based on general knowledge of landscape vegetation zonation. Climate data for model come from predicted validated climate database under RCP8.5 scenario since 2100. Ecological data are included in the Biogeography Register database (geobiocoenological data related to landscape for cadastral areas of the Czech Republic). Mathematical principles of modelling are based on set of software solutions with GIS. Students use the model in the frame of the course “Special Approaches to Landscape Research” not only for regional scenarios climate change impacts in landscape scale, but also for assessment of climate conditions for growing capability of agricultural crops or forest trees under climate change on regional level.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Vegetation and climate"

Grünberg, I., J. Boike, W. Cable e S. Lange. Vegetation - permafrost - climate interaction. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/321047.

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MacDonald, G. M. Postglacial vegetation and climate. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/211913.

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Sevanto, Sanna Annika. Vegetation under changing climate: What determines who survives? Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembre 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1481118.

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Thoma, David. Landscape phenology, vegetation condition, and relations with climate at Canyonlands National Park, 2000–2019. A cura di Alice Wondrak Biel. National Park Service, giugno 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299619.

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Quantitatively linking satellite observations of vegetation condition and climate data over time provides insight to climate influences on primary production, phenology (timing of growth), and sensitivity of vegetation to weather and longer-term patterns of weather referred to as climate. This in turn provides a basis for understanding potential climate impacts to vegetation—and the potential to anticipate cascading ecological effects—such as impacts to forage, habitat, fire potential, and erosion—as climate changes in the future. This report provides baseline information about vegetation production and condition over time at Canyonlands National Park (NP), as derived from satellite remote sensing. Its objective is to demonstrate methods of analysis, share findings, and document historic climate exposure and sensitivity of vegetation to weather and climate as a driver of vegetation change. This report represents a quantitative foundation of vegetation–climate relationships on an annual timestep. The methods can be modified to finer temporal resolution and other spatial scales if further analyses are needed to inform park planning and management. The knowledge provided in this report can inform vulnerability assessments for Climate Smart Conservation planning by park managers. Patterns of pivot points and responses can serve as a guide to anticipate what, where, when, and why vegetation change may occur. For this analysis, vegetation alliance groups were derived from vegetation-map polygons (Von Loh et al. 2007) by lumping vegetation types expected to respond similarly to climate. Relationships between vegetation production and phenology were evaluated for each alliance map unit larger than a satellite pixel (~300 × 300 m). We used a water-balance model to characterize the climate experienced by plants. Water balance translates temperature and precipitation into more biophysically relevant climate metrics, such as soil moisture and drought stress, that are often more strongly correlated with vegetation condition than temperature or precipitation are. By accounting for the interactions between temperature, precipitation, and site characteristics, water balance helps make regional climate assessments relevant to local scales. The results provide a foundation for interpreting weather and climate as a driver of changes in primary production over a 20-year period at the polygon and alliance-group scale. Additionally, they demonstrate how vegetation type and site characteristics, such as soil properties, slope, and aspect, interact with climate at local scales to determine trends in vegetation condition. This report quantitatively defines critical water needs of vegetation and identifies which alliance types, in which locations, may be most susceptible to climate-change impacts in the future. Finally, this report explains how findings can be used in the Climate Smart Conservation framework, with scenario planning, to help manage park resources through transitions imposed by climate change.

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Thoma, David. Landscape phenology, vegetation condition, and relations with climate at Capitol Reef National Park, 2000–2019. A cura di Alice Wondrak Biel. National Park Service, marzo 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2297289.

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Abstract (sommario):

Quantitatively linking satellite observations of vegetation condition and climate data over time provides insight to climate influences on primary production, phenology (timing of growth), and sensitivity of vegetation to weather and longer-term patterns of weather referred to as climate. This in turn provides a basis for understanding potential climate impacts to vegetation—and the potential to anticipate cascading ecological effects, such as impacts to forage, habitat, fire potential, and erosion, as climate changes in the future. This report provides baseline information about vegetation production and condition over time at Capitol Reef National Park (NP), as derived from satellite remote sensing. Its objective is to demonstrate methods of analysis, share findings, and document historic climate exposure and sensitivity of vegetation to weather and climate as a driver of vegetation change. This report represents a quantitative foundation of vegetation–climate relationships on an annual timestep. The methods can be modified to finer temporal resolution and other spatial scales if further analyses are needed to inform park planning and management. The knowledge provided in this report can inform vulnerability assessments for Climate Smart Conservation planning by park managers. Patterns of pivot points and responses can serve as a guide to anticipate what, where, when, and why vegetation change may occur. For this analysis, vegetation alliance groups were derived from vegetation-map polygons (Von Loh et al. 2007) by lumping vegetation types expected to respond similarly to climate. Relationships between vegetation production and phenology were evaluated for each alliance map unit larger than a satellite pixel (~300 × 300 m). We used a water-balance model to characterize the climate experienced by plants. Water balance translates temperature and precipitation into more biophysically relevant climate metrics, such as soil moisture and drought stress, that are often more strongly correlated with vegetation condition than temperature or precipitation are. By accounting for the interactions between temperature, precipitation, and site characteristics, water balance helps make regional climate assessments relevant to local scales. The results provide a foundation for interpreting weather and climate as a driver of changes in primary production over a 20-year period at the polygon and alliance-group scale. Additionally, they demonstrate how vegetation type and site characteristics, such as soil properties, slope, and aspect, interact with climate at local scales to determine trends in vegetation condition. This report quantitatively defines critical water needs of vegetation and identifies which alliance types, in which locations, may be most susceptible to climate-change impacts in the future. Finally, this report explains how findings can be used in the Climate Smart Conservation framework, with scenario planning, to help manage park resources through transitions imposed by climate change.

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Parfenova, Elena. Database "Climate parameters of seed provenances of pine in northern eurasia". SIB-Expertise, dicembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/sib-expertise-0351-25122020.

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Database is created for pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seeds weight from different habitats of northern Eurasia. Each database record consists of the following fields: latitude, longitude, July temperature, January temperature, mean annual temperature, annual precipitation, precipitation of vegetation period, growing degree days of vegetation period, degree days of winter period. Database is of 200 records long distributed along the whole area of pine in northern Eurasia.

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Yansa, C. H., e J. F. Basinger. A postglacial plant macrofossil record of vegetation and climate change in southern Saskatchewan. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/211115.

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Thoma, David. Landscape phenology, vegetation condition, and relations with climate at Colorado National Monument, 2000–2019. National Park Service, maggio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293476.

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Vuille, Mathias. Climate Change and Water Resources in the Tropical Andes. Inter-American Development Bank, marzo 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009090.

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This paper describes the challenges surrounding current and future water use in the tropical Andes by first reviewing the modern and future projected hydrological cycle and anticipated impacts on environmental services provided by glaciers and wetland vegetation. The discussion then elaborates on the current tensions and conflicts surrounding water use from a social and economic perspective, and ends by focusing on the challenges ahead and looking at possible solutions for more-sustainable and equitable future water use in the region.

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Sevanto, Sanna. Vegetation under changing climate: What determines who survives, and what can we do about it? Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), aprile 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1862791.

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