Bibliografie tematiche / Vector control

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Vector control"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 30 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Vector control"

Rajagopalan, P. K. "Aspects of Vector Borne Disease Control". Journal of Communicable Diseases 50, n. 01 (29 marzo 2018): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.201806.

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Sharma, SN. "Scrub Typhus: Vector Surveillance and its Control". Journal of Communicable Diseases 51, n. 03 (22 ottobre 2019): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.201927.

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Ross, Perran A., e Ary A. Hoffmann. "Vector control: Discovery of Wolbachia in malaria vectors". Current Biology 31, n. 11 (giugno 2021): R738—R740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.04.038.

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Meredith, S. E. O., e A. A. James. "Biotechnology as applied to vectors and vector control". Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée 65 (1990): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/1990651113.

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Iwaszkiewicz, Jan, e Adam Muc. "Vector control strategy of the five-phase VSI". Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 19 (settembre 2021): 641–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj19.370.

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The paper describes an example of the vector control strategy applied to five-phase two-level inverters. Two base methods are discussed. The first one is based on the standard space vector transformation, while the other uses state vectors which enable the definition of the basic physical quantities of the inverter. The proposed notation system offers an universal simplification of vector identification. It comprises a standardized proposal of notation and vector marking. This tool may be really useful for the description of inverter states and makes it possible to reach correlation between state and space vectors. All vectors are defined by use of the same digits. The proposed mathematical tool has been verified during simulation tests performed with the use of the PLECS program.

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Lobo, Neil F., Nicole L. Achee, John Greico e Frank H. Collins. "Modern Vector Control". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine 8, n. 1 (15 maggio 2017): a025643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a025643.

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Kay, Brian H. "Dengue vector control". Pathology 25 (1993): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3025(16)35774-9.

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Aïkpon, R. "Malaria vector control". International Journal of Infectious Diseases 21 (aprile 2014): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2014.03.720.

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Kamal, Shaukat. "Standardisation of Units for Assessment of Adult Disease Vector Density under Vector Control Programmes in India". Journal of Communicable Diseases 54, n. 4 (31 dicembre 2022): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.2022105.

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Vector density is one of the most frequently used monitoring parameters of entomological surveillance under any vector control programme. Vector control applications are guided by the density of vectors or their abundance in different seasons and settings. The vectors of different common vector-borne diseases viz. malaria, filaria, kala-azar, dengue, chikungunya, Zika and Japanese Encephalitis (JE) have different bionomics. Scientists, researchers, and public health entomologists of various research institutes and programmes are engaged in studying vector bionomics through vector surveillance activities. The most common parameter used to estimate the density of vector and non-vector species of both mosquitoes and flies is the collection of species in a given unit of time. In the malaria control programme, it started as a collection of resting vector mosquitoes at a specified time of dawn and dusk. These are expressed in a number of forms viz. ‘per man hour’, ‘per ten man hour’ and ‘ten man hour’ to ascertain the level of vector population and its increasing or decreasing trend with climatic factors which may be correlated with the active transmission of the disease. The minimum level of density at which active transmission was evidenced has been termed as ‘critical density’. Various vector species have different critical densities. Many other parameters are used to estimate vector or non-vector populations but such different units may often lead to confusion among the field functionaries. This article describes the significance of ‘per man-hour density’, the methodology which has been in practice for ages and the statistical method for its calculation. To avoid misconception, it should be understood that the density expressed for a particular species is the ‘differential density’ and not the absolute density.

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Ekawasti, Fitrine, e Eny Martindah. "Vector Control of Zoonotic Arbovirus Disease in Indonesia". Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences 26, n. 4 (17 maggio 2017): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v26i4.1402.

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Zoonotic Arbovirus diseases which are caused by the genus of Flavivirus, Alphavirus, and Bunyavirus, are transmitted through potential vectors. These diseases are commonly occurred, especially in tropical countries, including Indonesia. They can affect the economic development because of the high morbidity and mortality. This paper describes the incidence of zoonotic Arbovirus in Indonesia and the strategy to control its vector. Factors that support the occurrence of zoonotic Arbovirus diseases are environmental, demographic and behavioral changes, as well as advanced technology, transportation and global trade. These diseases would not occur without the role of vectors. Vector control can be carried out effectively through longitudinal surveillance to identify types of potential vectors in the area. Therefore to prevent the increased incidence of the diseases, controlling the vector is necessary.

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Tesi sul tema "Vector control"

Payn, Martin. "Flux vector control of asynchronous machines". Thesis, University of Surrey, 1991. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844608/.

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The present work introduces the dynamic induction machine model using the concept of space vector notation, and shows the fundamentals of torque production to be related to the current and flux space vector interaction. By theoretical analysis the transient response of the current and voltage fed machine is determined in terms of the machine eigenvalues, and this is confirmed using simulation techniques. The concept of torque control using the current and flux space vectors' magnitude and phase is introduced. It is shown that maintaining the flux space vector's magnitude constant is a sensible approach and that transient free torque responses are possible by controlling the current space vector magnitude and phase with respect to the flux space vector, which is termed vector control. Previously only magnitude control was realised, and this is termed scalar control. It is shown that the simplest practical vector controllers work in the rotating rotor flux space vector reference frame, generated from a dynamic machine model using current and speed/position measurements from the real machine. The major disadvantage of the parameter sensitivity of this approach is examined. To complement the theoretical analysis a practical vector controller was to be built. This was designed around a new DSP micro-controller (TMS320C14) and featured a 10 kHz sampling rate. A fully instrumented 7.5 kW test rig was also developed with the induction machine driven from a modified 1 kHz inverter. The measurement of high performance shaft torque is investigated, to allow comparisons between the theoretical and practical results. The practical work centred on the comparison of the dynamic machine model with measurements made on the real machine (torque and flux) and with the theory. These showed excellent steady state performance but the dynamic response was disappointing. The implications of the model not representing the real machine transiently are investigated.

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Erdem, Erinc. "Thrust Vector Control By Secondary Injection". Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607560/index.pdf.

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A parametric study on Secondary Injection Thrust Vector Control (SITVC) has been accomplished numerically with the help of a commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code called FLUENT®
. This study consists of two parts
the first part includes the simulation of three dimensional flowfield inside a test case nozzle for the selection of parameters associated with both computational grid and the CFD solver such as mesh size, turbulence model accompanied with two different wall treatment approaches, and solver type. This part revealed that simulation of internal flowfield by a segregated solver with Realizable k-&
#949
(Rke) turbulence model accompanied by enhanced wall treatment approach is accurate enough to resolve this kind of complex three dimensional fluid flow problems. In the second part a typical rocket nozzle with conical diverging section is picked for the parametric study on injection mass flow rate, injection location and injection angle. A test matrix is constructed
several numerical simulations are run to yield the assessment of performance of SITVC system. The results stated that for a nozzle with a small divergence angle, downstream injections with distances of 2.5-3.5 throat diameters from the nozzle throat lead to higher efficiencies over a certain range of total pressure ratios, i.e., mass flow rate ratios, upstream injections should be aligned more to the nozzle axis, i.e., higher injection angles, to prevent reflection of shock waves from the opposite wall and thus low efficiencies. Injection locations that are too much downstream may result reversed flows on nozzle exit.

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Orr, Jeb S. "High efficiency thrust vector control allocation". Thesis, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3561548.

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The design of control mixing algorithms for launch vehicles with multiple vectoring engines yields competing objectives for which no straightforward solution approach exists. The designer seeks to optimally allocate the effector degrees of freedom such that maneuvering capability is maximized subject to constraints on available control authority. In the present application, such algorithms are generally restricted to linear transformations so as to minimize adverse control-structure interaction and maintain compatibility with industry-standard methods for control gain design and stability analysis. Based on the application of the theory of ellipsoids, a complete, scalable, and extensible framework is developed to effect rapid analysis of launch vehicle capability. Furthermore, a control allocation scheme is proposed that simultaneously balances attainment of the maximum maneuvering capability with rejection of internal loads and performance losses resulting from thrust vectoring in the null region of the admissible controls. This novel approach leverages an optimal parametrization of the weighted least squares generalized inverse and exploits the analytic properties of the constraint geometry so as to enable recovery of more than ninety percent of the theoretical capability while maintaining linearity over the majority of the attainable set.

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Zhang, Zaining. "Sensorless vector control for induction motors". Thesis, University of Sussex, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340849.

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Wade, Scott. "Parameter identification for vector controlled induction machines". Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1311.

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Ozcelik, Eray. "Speed Sensorless Vector Control Of Induction Machine". Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12606063/index.pdf.

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Focus of this work is closed-loop speed control of an induction machine based on direct field-oriented control (DFOC) algorithm, using estimates of speed and flux observers which utilize only stator current and voltage. Theoretical bases of the algorithms are explained in detail and their performances are investigated with simulations and experiments. Field Orientated Control is based on projections which transform a threephase time and speed dependent system into a two co-ordinate time invariant system. These projections lead to a structure similar to that of a DC machine control. Transformations are done in synchronous frame alligned to d-axis of rotor flux. So rotor flux position must be known accurately to make these transformations. Degined flux observer, in which voltage model is assisted by current model via a closed-loop to compensate voltage model&rsquo
s disadvantages, estimates the position of the rotor flux. Obtaining adequate torque control via FOC, speed loop is closed using conventional PI regulators. Speed feedback is necessary to complete control loop. Model Reference Adaptive System is studied as a speed estimator. Reactive power scheme is applied to MRAS algorithm to estimate rotor speed. In this study, the direct (rotor) flux oriented control system with flux and speed estimators is described and tested in real-time with the starter kit named TMS320F2812 eZdsp DSK and the Embedded Target for the TI C2000 DSP tool of Matlab

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Wilson, Anne Louise. "Integrated vector management : generation and use of evidence for more effective vector control". Thesis, Durham University, 2017. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12091/.

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Vector-borne diseases (VBD) such as malaria, dengue and leishmaniasis have a major public health impact primarily in low and middle income countries in the tropics. Vector control methods including long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying contribute substantially to control of VBDs, particularly malaria. However, progress is being hampered by a number of factors including a lack of human, infrastructural and financial resources, and is threatened by the development of insecticide resistance. The World Health Organization (WHO) strongly advocates the use of Integrated Vector Management (IVM), a policy which has the potential to overcome many of the challenges facing vector control. IVM calls for evidence-based and adaptive use of vector control tools and involvement of multiple sectors to control VBDs. This thesis brings together work on the theme of IVM and the generation and use of evidence for better vector control programming. Specifically I ask how do we develop high quality evidence to improve the effectiveness of vector control? The writer has been a principal author of a recently published WHO Toolkit for IVM in sub-Saharan Africa (Volume II of this thesis). This toolkit for vector control programme managers builds on previous WHO guidance by providing practical detail on how to plan, implement, and monitor and evaluate an IVM programme. In order to provide guidance on choice of vector control interventions in the IVM toolkit, it was necessary to systematically review the evidence from field trials of vector control tools. Two systematic reviews are presented evaluating the efficacy of insecticide-treated nets, curtains and screening against non-malaria VBDs, and the efficacy of topical repellents against malaria. These found that: i) insecticide-treated materials in the home (nets, curtains and screening) are protective against cutaneous leishmaniasis and may be protective against dengue and Japanese encephalitis, ii) topical repellents are not protective against falciparum or vivax malaria in endemic populations. Systematic reviews revealed a paucity of well-conducted efficacy studies of vector control interventions which hinders evidence-based policy-making. A critical analysis of vector control study design and conduct is presented. This analysis identified common failings with vector control trials including a lack of randomisation and blinding, poor choice of outcome measures, lack of replication, no sample size calculations and contamination between clusters in cluster-randomised trials. Many of these failings could be easily rectified to produce better quality evidence and prevent waste in research. As well as evidence-based policy making on vector control interventions, IVM calls for use of evidence throughout the lifetime of the programme through entomological and epidemiological surveillance and monitoring and evaluation to choose and target interventions, measure their effectiveness and adapt the programme over time. One entomological parameter which should be measured is insecticide resistance. A study of the spatial and temporal pattern of knockdown resistance (kdr) resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l. in a setting of high vector control use in the Upper River Region of The Gambia is presented which found that: i) An. arabiensis was the most common member of the species complex, ii) the odds of kdr were 24 times higher in An. gambiae s.s. in villages with both IRS and LLINs and 14 times higher in villages with LLINs alone, iii) the kdr mutation was more common in mosquitoes in the second year of the study and with increasing distance from the river. The result of this work is the IVM Toolkit for sub-Saharan Africa. IVM provides a logical framework to think through vector control and advocates for a more locally tailored and adaptive approach which engages partners within and beyond the health sector. Compared to current vector control, IVM has the potential to be more effective (through evidence-based use of interventions), cost-effective (through implementation of cost effective interventions and sharing of resources across sectors), sustainable (through engagement and mobilisation of communities and the non-health sector) and ecologically sound (through the use of non-insecticide-based tools). However, there are a number of challenges to utilisation of IVM. While this thesis outlines the theoretical framework for IVM, it does not test its use by programmes, and in fact there are few good examples of IVM in practice available. Policies and organisational structures of vector control programmes are currently not in support of IVM. Lack of resources (infrastructural, human and financial) hampers implementation of this more knowledge-intensive and adaptive approach to vector control. Deeply engrained silos and lack of political support may impede partnership working within and across sectors. An increased focus on vector control in the light of the recent Zika virus disease outbreak and high-level policy changes at WHO including development of the forthcoming Global Vector Control Response should galvanise support for vector control and reorientation of programmes towards an IVM approach. IVM can be implemented if there is additional and sustained financing for vector control, an investment in human resources and infrastructure, and more commitment to working across sectors. It is important to grasp this opportunity in order to exploit fully the potential of vector control to control and eliminate VBDs in the future.

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Acheson, Emily. "Predicting Disease Vector Distributions Through Space and Time Using Environmental and Vector Control Data". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32797.

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Within this thesis, I performed a systematic review of approaches to broad-scale modelling of disease vector distributions and determined the most widely used methods predict current species niches and project the models forward under future climate scenarios without temporal validation. I then provided a forward-looking summary of emerging techniques to improve the reliability and transferability of those models, including historical calibration. I then predicted Anopheles mosquito distributions across Tanzania in 2001 (before large-scale ITN distributions) and compared this model with countrywide ITN use by 2012 to assess where the most suitable mosquito habitats were located and whether ITN rollouts in Tanzania ensured coverage of such areas. I concluded that ITNs in Tanzania did not optimally target areas most at risk of malaria. In doing so, I provided a new approach to monitoring and evaluating vector control interventions across large spatial scales.

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張華 e Hua Zhang. "Digital vector control of forced-commutated cycloconverter drives". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31234574.

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Celanovic, Nikola. "Space Vector Modulation and Control of Multilevel Converters". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29164.

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This dissertation is the result of research and development of a power conditioning system for Superconductive Magnetic Energy Storage System. The dominant challenge of this research was to develop the power conditioning system that can match slowly varying dc voltage and dc current on the super conductive magnet side with the ac voltages and ac currents on the utility side. At the same time the power conditioning system was required to provide a bi-directional power flow to the superconductive magnet. The focus of this dissertation is a three-level diode clamped dc-ac converter which is a principle part of the power conditioning system. Accordingly, this dissertation deals with the space vector modulation of three-level converters and introduces a computationally very efficient three-level space vector modulation algorithm that is experimentally verified. Furthermore, the proposed space vector modulation algorithm is successfully generalized to allow equally efficient, real time implementation of space vector modulation to dc-ac converters with virtually any number of levels. The most important advantage of the proposed concept is in the fact that the number of instructions required to implement the algorithm is almost independent from the number of levels in a multilevel converter. More on the side of the control of multilevel converters, the particular attention in this dissertation is paid to the problem of charge balance in the split dc-link capacitors of three-level neutral-point-clamped converters. It is a known fact that although the charge balance in the neutral point can be maintained on a line cycle level, a significant third harmonic current flows into the neutral point for certain loading conditions, causing the neutral point voltage ripple. The logical consequence of that ripple is the deteriorated quality of the output voltage waveforms as well as the increased voltage stress on the switching devices. This was the motivation to more carefully explore the loading conditions that cause the unbalance, as well as to study the fundamental limitations of dc-link capacitor charge balancing algorithms. As a part of that work, a new model of the neutral point current in the rotating coordinate frame is developed as a tool in investigation of theoretical limitations and in providing some intuitive insight into the problem. Additionally, the low frequency ripple is quantified and guidelines are offered that can help size the dc-link capacitors. Because the study of the neutral point balance identified the loading conditions, that under some possible system constraints, cause an unavoidable neutral point voltage ripple, a feed forward type of control method is developed next. The proposed feed forward algorithm can effectively prevent the neutral point voltage ripple from creating distortions in the converter output voltage under all loading conditions and without causing additional disturbance in the neutral point voltage. The feed forward method is developed for a sine triangle as well as for the space vector type PWM algorithm. The simulation results that include the full dynamic model of the converter and load system validate the feed forward approach and prove that the feed forward algorithm can effectively compensate the effect of the neutral point voltage ripple. The simulation results are than experimentally verified.
Ph. D.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Vector control"

Organization, World Health, a cura di. Equipment for vector control. 3^a ed. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1990.

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W, Service M., a cura di. Pest and vector control. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

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F, Curtis C., a cura di. Appropriate technology in vector control. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1990.

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WHO Expert Committee on Vector Biology and Control., a cura di. Urban vector and pest control: Eleventh report of the WHO Expert Committee on Vector Biology and Control. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1988.

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Koenraadt, Constantianus J. M., Jeroen Spitzen e Willem Takken, a cura di. Innovative strategies for vector control. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-895-7.

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Robyns, Benoît, Bruno Francois, Philippe Degobert e Jean Paul Hautier. Vector Control of Induction Machines. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-901-7.

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Clark, J. Marshall, Jeffrey R. Bloomquist e Hitoshi Kawada, a cura di. Advances in Human Vector Control. Washington DC: American Chemical Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1014.

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Atkinson, Peter W., a cura di. Vector Biology, Ecology and Control. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2458-9.

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1949-, Clark J. Marshall, American Chemical Society. Division of Agrochemicals., American Chemical Society e Nihon Nōyaku Gakkai, a cura di. Advances in human vector control. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2009.

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A, Nasar S., a cura di. Vector control of AC drives. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1992.

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Più fonti

Capitoli di libri sul tema "Vector control"

Soete, Marijke De. "Control Vector". In Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security, 254. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5906-5_282.

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De Soete, Marijke. "Control Vector". In Encyclopedia of Cryptography, Security and Privacy, 1–2. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27739-9_282-2.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Vector Control Tool". In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 3011. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_4374.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Vector Control Tools". In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 3012. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_4375.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Vector Control Tool". In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_4374-1.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Vector Control Tools". In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_4375-1.

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Shen, Shuiwen, e Qiong-zhong Chen. "Vector Torque Control". In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 175–202. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38161-4_6.

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Hernández, Vicente, e Enrique S. Quintana-Ortí. "Stabilizing large control linear systems on multicomputers". In Vector and Parallel Processing — VECPAR'96, 338–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-62828-2_129.

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Schröder, J. "Chemical Control of Ticks on Cattle". In Tick Vector Biology, 175–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76643-5_14.

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Thomson, Madeleine C. "3. Vector-control strategies". In Disease Prevention Through Vector Control, 59–82. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxfam Publishing, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9780855987077.003.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Vector control"

Barrass, P. G. "Vector controlled drives - industrial practice". In IEE Colloquium on Vector Control Revisited. IEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19980058.

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Hughes, A. "Vector control in cage motors - underlying mechanisms". In IEE Colloquium on Vector Control Revisited. IEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19980056.

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Thomas, J. L. "Future practical developments in vector control principles". In IEE Colloquium on Vector Control Revisited. IEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19980059.

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Nandakumar, P., e K. Shankar. "Identification of structural parameters using damped transfer matrix and state vector". In 2012 UKACC International Conference on Control (CONTROL). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/control.2012.6334746.

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Drummond, Ross, Giorgio Valmorbida e Stephen R. Duncan. "Lyapunov analysis of nonlinear systems with rational vector field and Jacobian". In 2016 UKACC 11th International Conference on Control (CONTROL). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/control.2016.7737642.

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Finch, J. W. "Scalar and vector: a simplified treatment of induction motor control performance". In IEE Colloquium on Vector Control Revisited. IEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19980057.

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Schofield, J. R. G. "Variable speed drives using induction motors and direct torque control". In IEE Colloquium on Vector Control Revisited. IEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19980060.

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Asher, G. M. "Sensorless estimation for vector controlled induction motor drives". In IEE Colloquium on Vector Control Revisited. IEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19980061.

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Atkinson, D. J., A. G. Jack e H. J. Slater. "The virtual machine". In IEE Colloquium on Vector Control Revisited. IEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19980062.

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Vas, P., A. F. Stronach e M. Neuroth. "Application of conventional and AI-based techniques in sensorless high-performance torque-controlled induction motor drives". In IEE Colloquium on Vector Control Revisited. IEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19980063.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Vector control"

Leitner, Amiram. Thrust Vector Control, Heat Transfer Modeling. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, luglio 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada522372.

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Ullman, Diane, James Moyer, Benjamin Raccah, Abed Gera, Meir Klein e Jacob Cohen. Tospoviruses Infecting Bulb Crops: Evolution, Diversity, Vector Specificity and Control. United States Department of Agriculture, settembre 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7695847.bard.

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Objectives. The overall goal of the proposed research was to develop a mechanistic understanding of tospovirus evolution, diversity and vector specificity that could be applied to development of novel methods for limiting virus establishment and spread. Our specific objectives were: 1) To characterize newly intercepted tospoviruses in onion, Hippeastrum and other bulb crops and compare them with the known tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and its isolates; 2) To characterize intra- and interspecific variation in the virus transmission by thrips of the new and distinct tospoviruses. and, 3) To determine the basis of vector specificity using biological, cellular and molecular approaches. Background. New tospoviruses infecting bulb crops were detected in Israel and the US in the mid-90s. Their plant host ranges and relationships with thrips vectors showed they differed from the type member of the Tospovirus genus, tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Outbreaks of these new viruses caused serious crop losses in both countries, and in agricultural and ornamental crops elsewhere. In the realm of plant infecting viruses, the tospoviruses (genus: Tospovirus , family: Bunyaviridae ) are among the most aggressive emerging viruses. Tospoviruses are transmitted by several species of thrips in a persistent, propagative fashion and the relationships between the viruses and their thrips vectors are often specific. With the emergence of new tospoviruses, new thrips vector/tospovirus relationships have also arisen and vector specificities have changed. There is known specificity between thrips vector species and particular tospoviruses, although the cellular and molecular bases for this specificity have been elusive. Major conclusions, solutions and achievements. We demonstrated that a new tospovirus, iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) caused "straw bleaching" in onion (Allium cepa) and lisianthus necrosis in lisianthus (Eustoma russellianum). Characterization of virus isolates revealed genetic diversity among US, Brazilian, Dutch and Israeli isolates. IYSV was not seed transmitted, and in Israel, was not located in bulbs of infected plants. In the US, infected plants were generated from infected bulbs. The relationship between IYSV and Thrips tabaci was shown to be specific. Frankliniella occidentalis, the primary vector of many other tospoviruses, did not transmit IYSV isolates in Israel or the US. Furthermore, 1': tabaci populations varied in their transmission ability. Transmission was correlated to IYSV presence in thrips salivary glands. In Israel, surveys in onion fields revealed that the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman was the predominant species and that its incidence was strongly related to that of IYSV infection. In contrast, in the U.S., T. tabaci and F. occidentalis were present in high numbers during the times sampled. In Israel, insecticides reduced onion thrips population and caused a significant yield increase. In the US, a genetic marker system that differentiates non-thrips transmissible isolates from thrips transmissible isolate demonstrated the importance of the M RNA to thrips transmission of tospoviruses. In addition, a symbiotic Erwinia was discovered in thrips and was shown to cause significant artifacts in certain types of virus binding experiments. Implications, scientific and agricultural. Rapid emergence of distinct tospoviruses and new vector relationships is profoundly important to global agriculture. We advanced the understanding of IYSV in bulb crops and its relationships with thrips vector species. The knowledge gained provided growers with new strategies for control and new tools for studying the importance of particular viral proteins in thrips specificity and transmission efficiency.

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Hackett, Kevin, Shlomo Rottem, David L. Williamson e Meir Klein. Spiroplasmas as Biological Control Agents of Insect Pests. United States Department of Agriculture, luglio 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613017.bard.

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Toward development of spiroplasmas as novel toxin-delivery systems for biocontrol of beetle pests in the United States (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) and Israel (Maladera matrida), media for cultivating beetle-associated spiroplasmas were improved and surveys of these spiroplasmas were conducted to provide transformable strains. Extensive surveys of spiroplasmas yielded promising extrachromosomal elements for vector constructs. One, plasmid pCT-1, was cloned, characterized, and used as a source of spiroplasma origin of replication in our shuttle vectors. The fibrillin gene was isolated and sequenced and its strong promoter was also used in the constructs. Means for transforming these vectors into spiroplasmas were developed and optimized, with electroporation found to be suitable for most applications. Development and optimization of means for using large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) in spiroplasma transformation represents a breakthrough that should facilitate insertion of large clusters of virulence genes. With completion of the vector, we should thus be poised to genetically engineer spiroplasmas with genes that will express toxins lethal to our target beetles, thus providing an effective and inexpensive alternative to conventional means of beetle control.

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Reyes-Villanueva, Filiberto. Dengue: Vector Biology, Transmission and Control Options in Mexico (El Dengue: Binomia Del Vector, Transmision y Opciones Para su Control en Mexico). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, gennaio 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada240379.

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Ciapponi, Agustín. Do multi-component community-based interventions improve dengue vector control? SUPPORT, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/170507.

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Dengue is an infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes. Dengue has dramatic negative impacts on health, the environment and the economy, particulary in the tropics. The use of community-based dengue control programmes has increased in the last few decades in order to address this major public health problem.

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Gottlieb, Yuval, e Bradley A. Mullens. Might Bacterial Symbionts Influence Vectorial Capacity of Biting Midges for Ruminant Viruses? United States Department of Agriculture, settembre 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7699837.bard.

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- Original objectives and revision: The feasibility study performed in the last year was aimed at determining the symbiotic profiles of eight selected Culicoidesspecies in Israel and the USA by: Comparing bacterial communities among geographic populations of primary bluetongue virus (BTV) vectors. Comparing bacterial communities between adults of field-collected, mammal-feeding BTV vectors and non-vectors. Comparing bacterial communities within and between mammal feeders and bird feeders, with special attention to species with unique immature habitats. We made an effort to collect the eight species during the beginning of the project, however, due to the short available collection season, and the significant changes in habitats available for Israeli Culicoides, we initially determined the symbiotic profile of five species: two BTV vectors (C. sonorensis, C. imicola), one mammal feeders with unknown vectoring ability (C. schultzei), one bird feeder (C. crepuscularis), and one unique habitat species (C. cacticola). In addition, upon preliminary symbiont identification we focused our effort on relevant specific symbionts. Background: Biting midges (Culicoides, Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are vectors of many major viral diseases affecting farm animals, including BT, which is listed among the most damaging by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) and has recently emerged in completely unexpected areas (Northern Europe). One of the strategies to reduce the vectorial capacity of insect vectors is by manipulating their specific symbionts either to affect the vector species or to influence performance of the disease agent within it. Despite significant efforts to elucidate the vectorial capacity of certain Culicoidesspecies, and the critical basis of variability in infection, almost no attention has been given to symbiotic interactions between the vector and its bacterial tenants. It is now established that bacterial symbionts have major influences on their host biology, and may interact with disease agents vectored by their hosts. - Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: During the feasibility project we have found two major bacterial symbionts in Israeli and American Culicoides. In Israel we discovered that C. imicola, a known vector of BT, and C. schultzeigp. a suspected vector of BT, carry the symbiotic bacterium Cardinium, a reproductive manipulator symbiont. In C. imicolathe infection rate was close to 50%, and in C. schultzeiit was lower, and restricted to one of two species within Schultzeigroup. In 3 American species (C. sonorensis, C. crepuscularis, C. cacticola) we found the bacterium Burkholderiasp. In all species tested we have also found other bacterial species in diverse quantities and frequencies. - Implications, both scientific and agricultural: Finding specific symbionts in Culicoidesvector species is the first step in developing symbiont based control (SBC) strategies. Both identified symbionts are known from other insects, and Cardiniumis also known as a reproductive manipulator that can cause cytoplasmic incompatibility, an important phenomenon that can be used for spreading desired traits in infected populations. The role of the symbionts in Culicoideshost can be target for manipulation to reduce the vectorial capacity of the host by either changing its fitness so that it is unable to serve as a vector, or by directly changing the symbiont in a way that will affect the performance of the disease agent in its vector. Since Burkholderiaperhaps can be cultured independently of the host, it is a promising candidate for the later option. Thus, we have now opened the door for studying the specific interactions between symbionts and vector species.

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Belldegrun, Arie. Prostate Specific Gene Therapy Using a 'Gutless' Adene-Vector Expressing Antisense TGF-Beta and PSA Promotor-Control. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, settembre 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada391010.

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Ullman, Diane E., Benjamin Raccah, John Sherwood, Meir Klein, Yehezkiel Antignus e Abed Gera. Tomato Spotted Wilt Tosporvirus and its Thrips Vectors: Epidemiology, Insect/Virus Interactions and Control. United States Department of Agriculture, novembre 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7573062.bard.

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Objectives. The major aim of the proposed research was to study thrips-TSWV relationships and their role in the epidemiology of the virus with the aim of using this knowledge to reduce crop losses occurring due to epidemics. Our specific objectives were: To determine the major factors involved in virus outbreaks, including: a) identifying the thrips species involved in virus dissemination and their relative role in virus spread; b) determining the virus sources among wild and cultivated plants throughout the season and their role in virus spread, and, c) determining how temperature and molecular variations in isolates impact virus replication in plants and insects and impact the transmission cycle. Background to the topic. Tospoviruses are among the most important emerging plant viruses that impact production of agricultural and ornamental crops. Evolution of tospoviruses and their relationships with thrips vector species have been of great interest because of crop damage caused world wide and the complete absence of suitable methods of control. Tospoviruses threaten crops in Israel and the United States. By understanding the factors contributing to epidemics and the specific relationships between thrips species and particular tospoviruses we hope that new strategies for control can be developed that will benefit agriculture in both Israel and the United States. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements. We determined that at least three tospoviruses were involved in epidemics in Israel and the United States, tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) and iris yellow spot virus (IYSV). We detected and characterized INSV for the first time in Israel and, through our efforts, IYSV was detected and characterized for the first time in both countries. We demonstrated that many thrips species were present in commercial production areas and trap color influenced thrips catch. Frankliniella occidentalis was the major vector species of INSV and TSWV and populations varied in transmission efficiency. Thrips tabaci is the sole known vector of IYSV and experiments in both countries indicated that F. occidentalis is not a vector of this new tospovirus. Alternate plant hosts were identified for each virus. A new monitoring system combining sticky cards and petunia indicator plants was developed to identify sources of infective thrips. This system has been highly successful in the U.S. and was used to demonstrate to growers that removal of plant sources of infective thrips has a dramatic impact on virus incidence. Finally, a putative thrips receptor mediating acquisition of TSWV was discovered. Implications, scientific and agricultural. Our findings have contributed to new control measures that will benefit agriculture. Identification of a putative thrips receptor for TSWV and our findings relative to thrips/tospovirus specificity have implications for development of innovative new control strategies.

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Gottlieb, Yuval, Bradley Mullens e Richard Stouthamer. investigation of the role of bacterial symbionts in regulating the biology and vector competence of Culicoides vectors of animal viruses. United States Department of Agriculture, giugno 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7699865.bard.

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Symbiotic bacteria have been shown to influence host reproduction and defense against biotic and abiotic stressors, and this relates to possible development of a symbiont-based control strategy. This project was based on the hypothesis that symbionts have a significant impact on Culicoides fitness and vector competence for animal viruses. The original objectives in our proposal were: 1. Molecular identification and localization of the newly-discovered symbiotic bacteria within C. imicola and C. schultzei in Israel and C. sonorensis in California. 2. Determination of the prevalence of symbiotic bacteria within different vector Culicoides populations. 3. Documentation of specific symbiont effects on vector reproduction and defense: 3a) test for cytoplasmic incompatibility in Cardinium-infected species; 3b) experimentally evaluate the role of the symbiont on infection or parasitism by key Culicoides natural enemies (iridescent virus and mermithid nematode). 4. Testing the role(s) of the symbionts in possible protection against infection of vector Culicoides by BTV. According to preliminary findings and difficulties in performing experimental procedures performed in other insect symbiosis systems where insect host cultures are easily maintained, we modified the last two objectives as follows: Obj. 3, we tested how symbionts affected general fitness of Israeli Culicoides species, and thoroughly described and evaluated the correlation between American Culicoides and their bacterial communities in the field. We also tried alternative methods to test symbiont-Culicoides interactions and launched studies to characterize low-temperature stress tolerances of the main US vector, which may be related to symbionts. Obj. 4, we tested the correlation between EHDV (instead of BTV) aquisition and Cardinium infection. Culicoides-bornearboviral diseases are emerging or re-emerging worldwide, causing direct and indirect economic losses as well as reduction in animal welfare. One novel strategy to reduce insects’ vectorial capacity is by manipulating specific symbionts to affect vector fitness or performance of the disease agent within. Little was known on the bacterial tenants occupying various Culicoides species, and thus, this project was initiated with the above aims. During this project, we were able to describe the symbiont Cardinium and whole bacterial communities in Israeli and American Culicoides species respectively. We showed that Cardinium infection prevalence is determined by land surface temperature, and this may be important to the larval stage. We also showed no patent significant effect of Cardinium on adult fitness parameters. We showed that the bacterial community in C. sonorensis varies significantly with the host’s developmental stage, but it varies little across multiple wastewater pond environments. This may indicate some specific biological interactions and allowed us to describe a “core microbiome” for C. sonorensis. The final set of analyses that include habitat sample is currently done, in order to separate the more intimately-associated bacteria from those inhabiting the gut contents or cuticle surface (which also could be important). We were also able to carefully study other biological aspects of Culicoides and were able to discriminate two species in C. schultzei group in Israel, and to investigate low temperature tolerances of C. sonorensis that may be related to symbionts. Scientific implications include the establishment of bacterial identification and interactions in Culicoides (our work is cited in other bacteria-Culicoides studies), the development molecular identification of C. schultzei group, and the detailed description of the microbiome of the immature and matched adult stages of C. sonorensis. Agricultural implications include understanding of intrinsic factors that govern Culicoides biology and population regulation, which may be relevant for vector control or reduction in pathogen transmission. Being able to precisely identify Culicoides species is central to understanding Culicoides borne disease epidemiology.

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Ponlawat, Alongkot, Thanyalak Fansiri, Somwang Kurusarttra, Arissra Pongsiri, Patrick W. McCardle, Brian P. Evans e Jason H. Richardson. Development and Evaluation of a Pyriproxyfen-treated Device to Control the Dengue Vector, Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzo 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada586043.

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