Tesi sul tema "Valorisation de coproduit"
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Watson, Marie. "Valorisation par voie microbiologique d’un coproduit de l’industrie réunionnaise de la canne à sucre : la vinasse de distillerie". Thesis, La Réunion, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LARE0038.
To bring value to by-products from the sugar industry and to contribute to a bio-refinery approach, the V2ARUN project revolves around the aconitic acid, which is the major organic acid in sugarcane. This thesis aims to produce aconitic acid and/or to convert other organic acids present in the stillage through biological ways in order to combine bioremediation and bioconversion. The evolution of the growth of filamentous fungi in stillage has shown that particular strains of the Aspergillus family grow very well (30 gL-1 of biomass) leading to a reduction rate of COD around 50%. However, the complex composition of the stillage, especially in polyphenols, prevents some strains of fungi to grow. For this reason, the screening of strains that can enhance the vinasse has been extended to a two step fungal culture: a preliminary culture in a malt medium followed by the transfer of the biomass produced in the stillage. This process promotes the development of more micro-organisms in stillage and allows to increase the physico-chemical quality of the stillage that which obtained in conventional batch cultivation. Thereafter, the fermented musts obtained are analysed for the purpose of studying the evolution of organic acids and especially the aconitic acid. The results indicate that micro-organisms consume organic acids to grow and no organic acid is produced by this method. Even though, this technique does not respond to the industrial requirements of the V2ARUN project, other metabolites such as lignocellulosic enzymes have been identified and have thus allowed to consider new applications
Hedhili, Karima. "L’hydrolyse pepsique de l’hémoglobine bovine pure ou dans le cruor bovin (un coproduit d’abattoir) : modélisation des cinétiques d’apparition des peptides antibactériens obtenus et étude de leur valorisation". Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10075/document.
The pepsin hydrolysis of purified bovine hemoglobin or from a co-product of slaughterhouses: cruor, can be considered as an important route for obtaining antibacterial peptides. A kinetic study has allowed us to control the hydrolysis and to determine a mathematical model able to predict the concentration of each antibacterial peptides of two families of peptides α 1-32 and α 107-141 and those of an interval of temperature 15-37°C, of pH 3,5-5,5 and ratio enzyme/substrate of 1/5-1/20 . The calculation of activation energies for the different reactions involved in the mechanism was made by the Arrhenius equation, which was used to study the effect of temperature on the various kinetic coefficients. The effect of pH and ratio E / S was also studied and the model found showed a linear increase in the rate of hydrolysis decreasing the pH ( between 3,5 and 5,5 ) and an invariable speed with the ratio E / S ( 1/5-1/20 ). The study of the structure-function relationship of antibacterial peptides α 1-32 and α 137-141 was carried out thanks to a followed the kinetics of extracellular K + in the presence of Lisrea innocua and the minimal determinant antibacterial was determined for the peptide α 137-141. The possibility to recovery the antibacterial peptides α 1-32 and α 137-141 in to a bioactive food packaging against the growth of pathogenic bacteria has been studied by the adsorption of these peptides on the surface of a low density polyethylene film treated with cold plasma
Hedhili, Karima. "L’hydrolyse pepsique de l’hémoglobine bovine pure ou dans le cruor bovin (un coproduit d’abattoir) : modélisation des cinétiques d’apparition des peptides antibactériens obtenus et étude de leur valorisation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10075.
The pepsin hydrolysis of purified bovine hemoglobin or from a co-product of slaughterhouses: cruor, can be considered as an important route for obtaining antibacterial peptides. A kinetic study has allowed us to control the hydrolysis and to determine a mathematical model able to predict the concentration of each antibacterial peptides of two families of peptides α 1-32 and α 107-141 and those of an interval of temperature 15-37°C, of pH 3,5-5,5 and ratio enzyme/substrate of 1/5-1/20 . The calculation of activation energies for the different reactions involved in the mechanism was made by the Arrhenius equation, which was used to study the effect of temperature on the various kinetic coefficients. The effect of pH and ratio E / S was also studied and the model found showed a linear increase in the rate of hydrolysis decreasing the pH ( between 3,5 and 5,5 ) and an invariable speed with the ratio E / S ( 1/5-1/20 ). The study of the structure-function relationship of antibacterial peptides α 1-32 and α 137-141 was carried out thanks to a followed the kinetics of extracellular K + in the presence of Lisrea innocua and the minimal determinant antibacterial was determined for the peptide α 137-141. The possibility to recovery the antibacterial peptides α 1-32 and α 137-141 in to a bioactive food packaging against the growth of pathogenic bacteria has been studied by the adsorption of these peptides on the surface of a low density polyethylene film treated with cold plasma
Pasquet, Paul-Loup. "Couplage de procédés appliqués à la récupération et valorisation de biomolécules d'un effluent résiduaire brassicole". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023STRAF083.
The brewing industry has the potential to play a major role in the development of a sustainable bioeconomy by becoming a biorefinery. A brewing byproduct has the potential to replace antioxidant additives in various industries such as food and cosmetics, as it contains high levels of phenolic compounds. In collaboration with a brewery company, researches were conducted to valorizebiomolecules and reuse chemicals and water. Physico-chemical and phenolic composition of the byproduct was characterized. Bio-based phenolic compounds were recovered with (i) ultrafiltration membrane selection for the wastewater clarification, (ii) optimization of coupled ultra-nanofiltration clarification/concentration process with selectivity and fouling mechanisms investigation, (iii) exploration of alternative recovery processes such as resin adsorption, and (iv) performance of a business case study in order to assess economic performances of designed process in an industrial scale
Makoure, Dounia. "Valorisation des coproduits de pêche par extrusion réactive en biocombustible". Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT4056.
The increase of energy demand and the limitation of oil resources explain the need to find a new alternative to fossil fuels. The chemical composition and energy content of fish by-products offer the potential to transform them into biodiesel. The main objective of this thesis is the valorization of these by-products into biofuel by using the reactive extrusion process. For this purpose, three types of fishby-products (salmon, trout and sardine) were investigated by using the reactive extrusion process.To realize this objective, three types of fish coproducts (salmon, trout and sardine) were valorized by enzymatic hydrolysis in reactive extrusion. The experimental study allowed to optimize the process and to highlight the gains made compared to the batch process: oil extraction efficiency, time and reagent savings. The oil phases extracted from the abovementioned process were analyzed to choosethe oil that represents properties similar to biodiesel. The study of fatty acid profiling and triglyceride contents in the three types of oil has shown that salmon oil is the most suitable oil for biodiesel production. The parameters of the transesterification reaction of salmon oil to biodiesel have been optimized. The characterization of biodiesel produced from this oil has properties similar to those of conventional diesel in accordance with European EN14214 and American ASTM D6751 standards
Barreteau, Hélène. "Recherche de molécules à activité antimicrobienne dans des coproduits végétaux issus des industries agroalimentaires". Amiens, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AMIE0417.
El, Kantar Sally. "Valorisation des coproduits issus des industries d’agrumes : extraction des molécules bioactives par des technologies innovantes". Thesis, Compiègne, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018COMP2440/document.
This work consists of the valorization of citrus by-products with innovative technologies. Citrus pressing produces millions of tons of waste per year worldwide. This waste (peels, pulps and seeds) is generally dedicated to animal feed or eliminated by composting or incineration. However its content in bioactive molecules leads to several ways of valorization. Since peels present about half of the citrus waste mass, studies have been focused on the valorization of citrus peels by the extraction of bioactive compounds. Conventional methods generally used for the extraction of bioactive compounds (solid-liquid extraction, hydrodistillation) have several disadvantages such as the use of expensive and toxic solvents, long extraction times and high energy consumption. For this reason, several innovative non-thermal technologies such as Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF), High Voltage Electrical Discharges (HVED) and Ultrasounds (US) and thermal treatments such as microwaves (MO) and infrared (IR) have been tested for the valorization of citrus by-products. Whole citrus fruits (oranges, pomelos, lemons) were PEF treated at an intensity of 3 kV/cm, then citrus juice and polyphenols were extracted by pressing. The study of the PEF-induced cell permeabilization was conducted by several methods and showed that the degree of damage varied according to the type of the treated fruit. The electroporation of the cells induced by the PEF, allowed an increase the juice yields after pressing and improved the liberation of the polyphenols from the citrus peels into the juice. This explains the possibility of obtaining a juice rich in polyphenols by treating the whole fruits with PEF before pressing. Among the solvents tested for the extraction of polyphenols from citrus peels, water is the least effective. The addition of 20% glycerol to water changed the polarity of the medium and improved the extraction of the polyphenols. The use of an enzyme mixture enhanced the release of the polyphenols related to the polysaccharides. Deep eutectic solvents have been as effective as hydroethanolic mixtures. To improve the yields and the kinetics of extractions in the different green solvents and in the enzyme mixture, citrus peels were pretreated with HVED in water. The mechanical effect of HVED, based on the fragmentation of the peels has improved the extraction of polyphenols in the various solvents. The intensification of polyphenols extraction was also conducted by IR and US. The extraction of polyphenols by IR was optimized using the surface response methodology. IR heating did not alter the extracted polyphenols which have significant antifungal and anti-mycotoxinogenic activities. The pretreatment of citrus peels with IR weakened the cell structures, increasing thus the diffusion of polyphenols during US treatment
Selmane, Darine. "Etude de l'extraction des protéines de coproduits d'abattage et de leur valorisation comme ingrédients fonctionnels". Phd thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CLF22038.
Selmane, Darine. "Etude de l'extraction des protéines de coproduits d'abattage et de leur valorisation comme ingrédients fonctionnels". Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00719205.
Nguyen, Dang Hanh. "Etude du comportement hydromécanique des bétons drinants à base de coproduits coquilliers". Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN2039.
The elimination of seashell by-products is an important issue for coastal regions of France. Among many possibilities, valorization of these wastes as aggregates for concrete is a solution that deserves to be evaluated. This study focuses on the behavior of pervious concrete based seashell by-products (slipper limpets, scallops and queen scallops). A partial substitution (20, 40 and 60% by mass) of natural gravel was carried. The results show unequivocally that the presence of these crushed shells is detrimental for mechanical and hydraulic behaviors and durability of concrete and the strength decreases with the increasing substitution rate and with the order of nature shells: slipper limpets, scallops then queen scallops. The experimental results showed that the seashells by-products can be used to design pervious concrete that meet the criteria of mechanical strength and water permeability. The incorporation of seashell by-products in pervious concrete is a solution to managing waste shells produced by fishing and shellfish farming industries and a contribution to environmental protection
Beaulieu, Rémi. "Synthèse d’analogues de glycoalcaloïdes aux propriétés aphicides, valorisation des coproduits industriels de la pomme de terre". Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0111.
By-products management is an environmental, economic and regulatory issue. The potato industry development leads to an increase of the by-products amount. Nowadays, the valorization of these wastes is restricted to the animal diet. Chaconine and solanine are two glycoalkaloids which are involved in the natural defenses of potato plants and which are present in by-products. They have the same aglycon moiety (solanidine), but the saccharidic moiety is different. This latter plays an important role in the biological activities of chaconine and solanine. Hemisynthesis of glycoalkaloids has been performed, solanidine (extracted from the byproducts) is linked on a saccharidic moiety which is obtained by chemical synthesis. These sugar parts are based on the chacotriose (present on chaconine). Oxygen atoms at various anomeric positions have been replaced, or not, by sulfur atoms. Finally, a spacer has been introduced between the aglycone and the saccharidic moiety by using "click chemistry". Cholesterol and diosgenin have been used as models to develop the experimental conditions. In vivo tests on Macrosiphum euphorbiae (aphid pests of potato plants) have shown the aphicidal properties of our synthetized glycoalkaloids. Furthermore, for glycosteroids based on cholesterol and diosgenin, a study on liquid crystals properties has been performed
Duchêne-Massias, Audrey. "Valorisation fonctionnelle et antioxydante des épidermes de pommes Golden Delicious". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0037/document.
Apples are considered beneficial to health, because of their content of phenolic compounds that confer the label "health food". Fruits and vegetables food processes generate byproducts that are considered worthless by industrial. However, given the volumes generated, they are rich sources of nutrients.One possible way of valorization of these byproducts is the reintroduction of food as ingredient, to propose fortified foods with functional molecules. To do this, two approaches have been explored: the use of apple peels powders to stabilize an emulsion and the extraction of phenolic compounds by supercritical CO2+ethanol. This work also discusses solutions to remedy the enzymatic browning, such as heat treatment and the addition of naturally rich fruit powders as anti-browning agents.Apples preparation phases are real transformation steps which it’s necessary to optimize and master to preserve all the antioxidant properties of fruits and vegetables byproducts. Our works also highlight more functional properties of apple peels as a stabilizing emulsions agent. The impact of extraction parameters was demonstrated by the exploration of several conditions such as the loaded weight, the grinding, the protocol as well as the temperature and composition of supercritical fluids
Engelaère, Charlotte. "Etude de valorisation des coproduits marins coquilliers sous forme d'additions et de granulats dans les matériaux cimentaires". Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN2053.
This research work was born from a desire to manage waste shells produced by fishing and shellfish farming activities. In this purpose, a study of waste shells reusing in cementitious materials is envisaged. Three types of local shells are used: oyster, scallop and slipper limpet. Each of them is sorted, cleaned, crushed, sieved to obtain the grading fractions: 0/0,063 mm, 0,063/2 mm, 2/4 mm, 4/6,3 mm, 6,3/10 mm and 10/14 mm. Shells properties are determined to define their best potentialities and to comprehend their behavior in cementitious materials. The conclusions consolidate this reuse idea, and shells integration is studied in mortar and concrete, as additions, aggregates and fillers. The mortars results show that oyster and scallop shells are successful as additions, slipper limpet shells are better as aggregates. From a global point of view, the aggregates substitution by shells decreases workability and resistance of cementitious materials. Mortar and concrete were made with the same workability; an addition of water is thus necessary to maintain the workability and can explain the resistance decrease. A superplasticizer is then added to some concrete. Their resistances are 1. 1 to 1. 9 times more important than control concrete specimens. The microstructural analysis survey reveals that no new material seems to be formed; shells would thus have a role of filling in cement matrix. This research work confirms the possible and beneficial integration of shells as addition, fillers or aggregates into cementitious materials
Houillé, Benjamin. "Valorisation de coproduits de la viticulture, les sarments de vigne, comme source de polyphénols à activité fongicide". Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR3807.
This work aims at grape cane valorization as a source of bioactive polyphenols. After purifying E-resveratrol oligomers and obtaining E-resveratrol analogues through semi-synthesis, the antifungal activity of the compounds was evaluated. The 3,5-dimethoxyresveratrol exhibited interesting activity against twelves Candida species. During post-pruned grape cane storage, a strong and temperature dependent increase in E-resveratrol and E-piceatannol was observed and the expression of PAL, C4H, 4CL and STS genes contributed to a de novo biosynthesis of E-resveratrol. Downy mildew infection in vineyard during the growing season modified both the composition and the spatial distribution of stilbenoids in grape canes. UPLC-MS-based targeted metabolomics coupled to multivariate statistical analysis discriminates grape canes according to their genotypic origin and determines metabotypes. The observed biochemical distances between genotypes corresponded to genetic distances. Finally, results highlight the antifungal potential of stilbenoids and several key factors affecting the phytochemical composition of grape canes
Linder, Michel. "Optimisation d'un procédé de valorisation de coproduits d'abattage par hydrolyse enzymatique : propriétés fonctionnelles et nutritionnelles des hydrolysats". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1996_LINDER_M.pdf.
Bikoro, Bi Athomo Arsène. "Analyse et valorisation des coproduits de la transformation industrielle de l’Acajou du Gabon (Khaya ivorensis A. Chev)". Thesis, Pau, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PAUU3001.
The Gabon forest covers more than 85% of country, so about 22 million hectares of forest, which represents a potential of more than 400 million m3 of exploitable wood. For more than 400 species listed as exploitable, about 80 are exploitable, but only 13 are exploited on an industrial scale. Solid wood from logging in the form of logs was, until 2009, mainly intended for export. However, since that date, the Gabonese State has decided to develop its industry by requiring loggers to carry out at least a first transformation in the country.This reform has led to an increase in local transformation of logs, and therefore an increase in the production of co-products. The latter represent approximately 50% of initial log mass for sawing and around 5% for peeling. The actors of the sectors thus found themselves with the problem of an excess of products derived from the local processing of wood.General objective of this thesis is to propose an approach that makes it possible to find recovery solutions for these by-products, 85% of which are burnt in the open air.Co-products of the industrial transformation of mahogany (Khaya ivorensis A. Chev) from Gabon were thus studied in three phases. Initial work on the physicochemical characterization of bark, sapwood and heartwood of mahogany extracts has been carried out in general. We have particularly work on phenolic extracts, including tannins. Then, a way of valuing these compounds was studied: development of a tannin-based adhesive with mahogany tannins. Finally, another recovery avenue was explored: development of wood/ plastic composite with wood by-products and waste from plastic bottles.Results of various studies have shown that the mahogany tannins are rich in fisitinidin and gallocatechin monomers. The absence of free form of gallic acid was also noted. In addition, tannin-based adhesives of mahogany have shown good thermal characteristics. Furthermore, the composite has interesting physico-mechanical properties that would allow a possible valorization on a large scale
Belhaj, Essia. "Valorisation des laitiers d'aciérie de conversion dans les liants hydrauliques routiers". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN10130/document.
Basic Oxygen Furnace slag (BOF slag) valorisation in hydraulic road binders is investigated. The study was conducted on two different aspects. In a first part, BOF slag characterization, their hydraulic behaviour analysis and their thermal and/or chemical activation study were presented. They have interesting compressive strength (50Mpa) at 180 days. The particle size distribution, temperature and CaCl2 improve BOF slag mechanical properties. An industrial study has focused on BOF slag based hydraulic road binders formulation. Their mechanical properties have been studied according to standardization. It results that the use of 30 to 40% of BOF slag in hydraulic road binders is possible. This conclusion represents an attractive solution to enhance these industrial byproducts
Duval-Onen, Fanny. "Valorisation des coproduits de la filière d'estérification de l'huile de colza en vue d'applications cosmétiques, pharmaceutiques et agroalimentaires". Orléans, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ORLE2014.
Lê, Ngọc Huyền Trân. "Transformation de la biomasse aérienne de Miscanthus giganteus : aptitude à la dégradation enzymatique et valorisation des coproduits en agro-matériaux". Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0100.
The use of plant resources in renewable materials and energy is receiving increased interest. In this respect, Miscanthus (Miscanthus giganteus) is a perennial grass showing great potential as a raw material for bioethanol production. The plant biomass can be harvested at different dates, in autumn (early harvest) in order to maximize yield, and in winter (delayed harvest). The main objectives were first to evaluate the impact of harvesting date (early, late) on the chemical composition susceptibility to enzymatic saccharification of miscanthus aiming at production second generation bioethanol, second to explore the use of lignocellulosic byproduct into agromaterials. The proportion of soluble fraction is mainly affected by the harvesting date while few change occurred in the cell wall composition. Chemical heterogeneity according to the type of organ leads to variation in susceptibility to saccharification. Owing to its high recalcitrance towards enzymatic conversion, a chemical pretreatment is required. Ammonia pretreated biomass is more prone to saccharification compared to acid treated samples. Following ammonia treatment, early harvested biomass is shown to be more efficiently converted by enzymes than a diluted acid pretreatment. Then the use of solid byproducts into cementitious material and self-binding fiberboards is explored. The obtained cementitious material had a great workability and interesting mechanical properties. Enzymatic treatment does not improve the delay in the setting time of the lignocellulosic composite. In contrast to the raw miscanthus, fiberboards are obtained by hot-pressing of byproducts from the saccharified biomass. Nevertheless, industrial applications would still require further improvements of the composites properties
Fernandez, Escareño Itzia Gabriela. "La compilation, un outil paradoxal de valorisation des films muets recyclés par Peter Delpeut et coproduits par le Nederlands Filmmuseum [1989-1999]". Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00759225.
Dupré, Blaise. "Contribution à la valorisation des coproduits du lin : impact du vécu et de la variabilité génétique sur les propriétés des composites élaborés". Amiens, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AMIE0505.
Tripoteau, Ludovic. "Valorisation des coproduits de l'holothurie Cucumaria frondosa par l'étude d'extraits bioactifs et approche écotoxicologique des métabolites secondaires relargués en situation de stress". Thesis, Lorient, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORIS368/document.
The transformation of marine products generates huge quantities of rejects. The majority of these rejects is used for an upgrading of products with low added value. In New Brunswick, 85 000 tons of marine products are transformed annually, the half is little or not upgraded, that is the case of the holothurian Cucumaria frondosa. Confronted with environmental pressures, and especially predation, the marine invertebrates have evolved and developed various metabolites of different chemical classes. Thus, these metabolites represent ideal candidates for the development of new natural bioactive substances. The objectives of this study was first based on the upgrading of the major byproducts from Cucumaria frondosa by creating a wide library of extracts obtained by different type of extractions (solvent extractions and enzymatic hydrolysis) and then, by bioguided fractionation, evaluating the in vitro anti-HSV-1 (Herpes Simplex Virus, type 1) activities of the fractions. We showed the presence of potent antiherpetic fractions without cytotoxicity on mammalian cells. The enzymatic hydrolysis has been demonstrated to be efficient for the generation of high molecular weight active substances regarding HSV-1. The aquapharyngeal bulb, considered to be less used industrially, represents a real potential for the extraction of anti-HSV-1 compounds, and especially when hydrolyzed by papain under controlled conditions. Secondly, we have searched to understand the mechanism of defense of the holothurian under stress conditions. The secondary metabolites involved were evaluated on different ecotoxicological models. This work has confirmed the existence and the production of toxic compounds released under stress conditions. These secondary metabolites have shown a strong toxicity on acute and chronic ecotoxicological models. The bioguided fractionation assisted by analytical evaluation led to the identification of several triterpene glycosides, and especially the Frondoside A into the cytotoxic fraction. This study has permitted the optimization of the upgrading of the byproducts from Cucumaria frondosa by the extraction of antiherpetic molecules without cytotoxicity and the identification and the characterization of the defense
Mougnala, Moukagni Errol. "Optimisation du prétraitement par explosion à la vapeur des coproduits de la transformation industrielle du bois d'okoumé : vers une valorisation des hémicelluloses". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0090.
The present study is part of the general context of the valorization of the co-products of the wood sector of the Congo Basin in general, and of Aucoumea klaineana Pierre (Okoumé) from Gabon in particular. It is particularly interested in the development of extraction processes and the structural analysis of hemicelluloses, whose large-scale valorization has often been hindered by the use of aggressive treatments during their extraction. The work reported focuses first on the recovery, by precipitation, of hemicelluloses from sapwood and heartwood of okoumé, based on the steam explosion (SE) process. Then, the study was oriented towards the production of hemicelluloses by membrane filtration of okoumé steam explosion hydrolysates. Finally, an approach, which combines SE before or after sequential extraction in basic and/or bleaching media, was applied to extract okoumé hemicelluloses. Analytical characterizations of the hemicelluloses showed an extraction selectivity by EM, depending on the applied treatment parameters (biomass, temperature, duration and pH). Impregnation in basic medium (NaOH), followed by SE and precipitation with ethanol, produced high molecular weight glucuronoxylans (GX, Mw = 65-100 KDa). However, impregnation in neutral medium followed by SE and ethanol precipitation favored coextraction of GX and highly acetylated glucomannans (GM). Furthermore, fractionation of the aqueous okoume SE effluent by diafiltration with a 10 kDa membrane allowed efficient separation of hemicelluloses based on their molecular weights and degrees of acetylation. Finally, it was shown that a bleaching step before SE increased the accessibility of the lignocellulosic substrate
Bascou, Rémi. "Développement des nouvelles voies de valorisation de la séricine de soie". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023COMP2764.
Global demand for surfactants has intensified with population growth and the recent COVID-19 crisis accelerating the need for their production. The development of green surfactants is an alternative to conventional petroleum-based surfactants and satisfy the consumer trend towards more natural and environmentally friendly products. Several surfactants from the biomass have been developed, but they are in direct competition with the food industry. Among the non-food raw materials, silk sericin is a natural protein produced by the Bombyx mori worms, and it is a textile industry by-product present in industrial effluents. This thesis is set in a context of sericin valorization. The aim is to expand its applications through the understanding of its properties and its potential use as a bio-sourced surfactant. Various research axis were investigated in this thesis. The extraction of sericin was studied following the principles of sustainable chemistry by avoiding the presence of chemicals. The properties of sericin were described to enable its valorization. The first valorization way was to use the sericin as a surfactant, either alone or in combination with a surfactant for the oil-in-water emulsions stabilization. The second way was to use functionalized sericin to develop amphiphilic molecules, and to study their adsorption properties at interfaces as well as their self-assembly capacity. This study was carried out following the principles of green chemistry. New synthesis pathways using mecanochemistry have been adopted, reducing the amount of waste generated. The results obtained are promising and offer interesting prospects for accessing to high value-added bio-sourced products
Metivier, Romain. "Ecologie microbienne de produits végétaux : Adaptation de traitements assainissants pour la valorisation de ces produits". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0419/document.
The use of byproduct as raw material from another industrial sector, facts that it is not considered any more as "waste". Their valuation is thus an axis of development for the agronomic and food-processing industry. However, their new consideration of "raw material" entails constraints for the industrialists. These constraints are diverse according to the destination ways of the byproduct: sanitary, toxicological… This work focus on two byproducts resulting from different vegetable process: (1) apple peels, as antioxidant source. Their valuation needs to use raw materials with low phytosanitary treatment, so these materials may be more contaminated by different floras. (2) Crushed vegetable matter stemming from cereal crop as raw material of biosourced products. They occur naturally a strong microbial spore contamination. The valuation of these two byproducts requires adapted cleaning treatments. So, it was the main thing to determine nature, variability and evolution of the present microbial ecologies of these byproducts by fast techniques of enumeration and identification by molecular biology. The study of different cleaning process was also realized to combine efficiency of disinfection with the preservation of nutritional qualities (apple) or physical properties (crushed vegetable matter)
Marin, Gallego Mylene. "Valorisation chimique des condensats issus de la torréfaction de biomasses : modélisation thermodynamique, conception et analyse des procédés". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015INPT0131.
Lignocellulosic biomass is considered as a renewable carbon resource with great potential for the energy and chemical recovery. Torrefaction is a thermal process carried out at temperatures below 300°C, under inert atmosphere, at atmospheric pressure, and with residence times for the solid biomass ranging from few minutes to several hours. Torrefied wood is a solid product constituted by more than 70% of the initial mass with properties close to those of coal. The 30% remaining part is a gaseous effluent, composed of about one third of non-condensable gases – carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide – and two thirds of condensable species. Currently, torrefied wood is the main product of interest and is usually transformed into energetic gases by the gasification process or directly used as coal for combustion. Conversely, gaseous by-products are considered at present time as a waste and in the best case are burned to provide energy to the process. Yet, the recovery and valorization of the condensable fraction as bio-sourced chemicals is worth considering. The aim of the thesis is to propose a separation-purification process for condensable chemicals of the waste gas. This condensable fraction is a predominantly aqueous phase, containing more than 150 identified organic species. Minority species are present in varying proportions depending on torrefied wood. Finally, it is a reactive and thermally unstable mixture, where different chemical equilibria are present. An analysis of the physicochemical characteristics of the condensable fraction allowed selecting a limited number of compounds to model the mixture. A representative model of the thermodynamic behavior of the reactive mixture has been selected and the binary interaction parameters identified. Experimental vapor-liquid equilibria data were acquired in part to validate this model. The target compounds and objectives of the recovery process were selected and several development strategies were developed and simulated in ProSim+ on the basis of thermodynamic modeling. This study assessed these different strategies in terms of energy efficiency and purity of the products for potential implementation on an industrial scale of this sector
Almohammed, Fouad. "Application des électrotechnologies pour une valorisation optimisée de la betterave à sucre dans un concept de bioraffinerie". Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2328/document.
This work discusses the use of electrotechnologies for an optimized valorization of sugar beet according to the concept of biorefinery. The applied electrotechnologies are pulsed electric fields (PEF) and high-voltage electrical discharges (HVED). The study firstly aims at optimizing an alternative method for sugar extraction by PEF assisted cold alkaline pressing. On the other hand, it proposes new ways for valorizing two by-products of sugar beet industry, which are sugar beet tails and pulps. In the first part, PEF treatment combined with liming leads to a better disintegration of beet tissue. It permits accelerating of pressing kinetics, improvement of juice yield and quality, and reduction of subsequent purification procedure. A parametric optimization study identified the best application itinerary of the proposed extraction process. Fresh sugar beet cossettes are pretreated by PEF at 600 V/cm for 10 ms (Q = 2.7 Wh/kg). The electroporated cossettes are then pressed to extract 75% of intracellular juice. Compressed cossettes are subjected to an alkaline pressing with 10% lime milk. In order to extract the residual sucrose in the obtained press-cake, two additional steps of pressing with an intermediate hydration are required. This optimized process allows well exhausting the sugar cossettes (sugar loss of 0.23% and pulp dry matter of 39%) for a short extraction (30 min) and with low draft (108%) compared to diffusion method. Thus, it allows substantial saving in materials and energy especially for juice extraction and pulp drying. Compared to the conventional method, the energy saving amounted to 91.96 × 106 kWh for a sugar beet factory treating 10 000 tons per day for a campaign of 110 days. In addition, the proposed method simplifies the purification procedure of raw juice and reduces the used amount of lime from 50 to 60%. In the second part of this study, two processing methods were proposed and optimized at lab-scale for valorization of sugar beet tails and pulps. Sugar beet tails were used to produce bioethanol. Raw juice of beet tails was extracted by PEF assisted cold pressing. Bioethanol production was then done by alcoholic fermentation. Pretreatment of beet tails with PEF (450 V/cm, 10 ms) permits accelerating the pressing kinetics, increasing the yield of solutes (79.85% vs. 16.8%), and leads to a more concentrated juice (10% vs. 5.2%). The optimized process permits the production of about 41.75 L of bioethanol per ton of beet tails when PEF pretreatment is applied against only 8.2 L of bioethanol without PEF confirming the potential of this new valorization scheme. Dried beet pulp having a dry matter of 92.8% was used for pectin recovery. The present study showed that the application of HVED pretreatment leads to intensify pectin extraction. The relative gain of pectin yield is 25.3% with an energy consumption of 76.2 kJ/kg. The proposed biorefinery scheme could protect the sugar beet industry in France after the suppression of the sugar quota system in the European Union, which will take effect on 1st October 2017
Provost, Margot. "Valorisation de la fraction protéique des co-produits de saumon : étude et optimisation". Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0045.
By-products are the not used parts and recoverable in the fish processing operations, such as heads, skins, bones or pulp. The processing industry of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) generates about 50% of co-products, which are a source of high quality protein. This work is part of Pesk&Co project, which gather four industrial partners (Meralliance-Thai Union Yslab, SPF-DIANA, AGH-SOCOFAG) and one academic partner (LEMAR UMR 6539, UBO) in order to extract and characterize high value ingredients from farmed Atlantic salmon by-products (Salmo salar). The first aim of the thesis was to develop a method for extracting collagen from salmon skins by the setting up of a non-conventional process at LEMAR and finally developed it at pilot and industrial scale. The collagen obtained was characterized by different analytical methods (FPLC-SEC, SDS-PAGE, FTIR, rheology, microscopy). Then, enzymatic cross-linking assays of collagen with a microbial transglutaminase led to obtain a collagen hydrogel. The second objective of this work was focused on the hydrolysis under controlled conditions of salmon heads to generate functional peptides for aquaculture. Two enzymatic hydrolysis protocols have been developed and transferred at pilot scale. The hydrolysates were incorporated into diets to be tested on bass larvae (Dicentrarchus labrax). Both ingredients developed during this work have for future use to be commercialized and different markets and applications are targeted
Fourcroy, Elena. "Gouvernance territoriale pour l’anticipation et la résolution des conflits dans les projets de valorisation des digestats de méthanisation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023COMP2794.
The bioeconomy and the circular economy have recently gained a major place in the European Union policies on the ecological, energy and social transition. Supported by these public policies, the biogas sector has experienced a remarkable growth in recent years. Biogas production makes it possible to produce both gas from renewable resources, and digestate, a by-product which amending and fertilizing properties are useful for agriculture. The “return to the soil” of digestate is considered as a key element of the circularity of the biogas sector. However, numerous controversies remain over the environmental and health impacts of returning digestates to the soil, and conflicts related to the actual or supposed negative externalities of digestates negatively impact the development of the sector. We use a qualitative method, centred on the analysis of case studies, to explore this topic, about which the scientific literature remains very scarce. We try to understand, at first, the nature of these conflicts, and secondly, how territorial governance mechanisms can anticipate or solve these conflicts. Our results show that conflicts emerge around certain dimensions of the territorial capital: the preservation of the natural capital, the inadequacy of the infrastructural and equipment capital, and oppositions around the cultural capital. These conflicts often crystallize previous tense situations, at a local or regional scale. The activation of territorial proximity, at different spatial scales, local, regional and sub-regional, with the intervention, sometimes, of one or more public or private intermediaries, allows stakeholders to coordinate in order to: exchange information and better mobilize the territorial capital, produce and acquire new knowledge in the event of uncertainty about the impacts of digestates, and develop common political visions on the development of the sector
Babau, Maud. "Croissance et accumulation lipidique de Rhodotorula glutinis (rhodosporidium toruloides) sur glucose, xylose et glycérol : vers la valorisation des coproduits agricoles et industriels pour la production de lipides à usages énergétiques". Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAT0027/document.
Rhodotorula glutinis (Rhodosporidium toruloides) is an oleaginous yeast. The micro-organism has demonstrated high lipid accumulation when utilizing glucose as a substrate, and has become a model for oil production. Glycerol and xylose are interesting as substrates for production of oil from renewable resources, but the capacity of R. glutinis to utilize glycerol and xylose as substrates has not been characterized well. Fermentation strategies were designed to quantify growth and lipid accumulation dynamics of R. glutinis when utilizing glycerol and xylose - either as pure substrates, or as co-substrates with glucose. Several original results have been found, including: - Co-consumption of xylose or glycerol along with glucose was observed, without carbon substrate accumulation or byproduct formation, when the carbon feed rate was carefully controlled. The specific carbon consumption rate decreases when the proportion of the second substrate (glycerol or xylose) increases in the feed, relative to glucose. - Growth capacities were characterized on pure xylose and pure glycerol in terms of growth rate and carbon yields: on xylose μmax= 0.034h-1 and RS/X= 0.28 Cmolx.Cmolxylose-1; on glycerol μmax=0.04h-1 RS/X=0.31Cmolx.Cmolglycerol-1. - specific production rate of lipid production and substrate to product carbon conversion yields from xylose or glycerol as single or cosubstrate with glucose were determinated: 20%xylose-80%glucose : qp=0.065CmolTAG.Cmolbiomasse.h-1, RS/P=0.3CmoleTAG.Cmolesubstrat-1 100%xylose : qp=0.035065CmolTAG.Cmolbiomasse.h-1, RS/P=0.31CmoleTAG.Cmolesubstrat-1, 25% glycerol-75%glucose : qp=0.07065CmolTAG.Cmolbiomasse.h-1, RS/P=0.25CmoleTAG.Cmolesubstrat-1 , 100% glycerol : qp=0.03065CmolTAG.Cmolbiomasse.h-1, RS/P= 0.29CmoleTAG.Cmolesubstrat-1. - Substrate diversification slightly impacts Rhodotorula glutinis´s lipid profile: xylose leads to an overproduction of C16:0 and C18:3 and glycerol increases C18:0 accumulation
Le, Delliou Benjamin. "Design of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) based films for flexible food packaging in contact with fatty food and under frozen conditions". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASB033.
The main objective of the present thesis is to design a bio-based and biodegradable packaging material suitable for frozen French fries using the by-products of their fabrication. Two strategies were investigated. The first strategy was the fabrication of polymer blends based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), which could be obtained by fermentation of by-products. PHBV-poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) blends were designed with the aim to increase the processability and ductility of PHBV. Both polymers are immiscible, therefore the interfacial compatibility needed to be optimized. Reactive compatibilization using dicumyle peroxide (DCP) was successful and allowed the fabrication of PHBV/PBSA films by film blowing extrusion at the laboratory scale. The effect of DCP on morphological, thermal, mechanical and rheological properties was evaluated in the aim to optimize the composition at laboratory scale. To improve the mechanical properties of the films, the plasticizer acetyl tri-butyl citrate (ATBC) was used. The improved melt strength and extensional viscosity of the optimized blends allowed to perform a successful film blowing scale-up experiment to the small pilot scale using ATBC and an alternative organic peroxide LUPEROX® 101, both molecules being admitted for food contact materials. The second strategy was the direct use of waste starch and potato peels. For that, the biochemical characterization of potato peels was carried out, and the potential of extraction of high added value molecules coming was assessed. The possibility to produce potato peels and starch-based materials suitable for the fabrication of items with very short service life was investigated
Lajoie, Kevin. "Prétraitement d'une biomasse de saule issue d'un processus de phytoremédiation pour l'obtention de coproduits à haute valeur ajoutée". Thèse, 2020. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/id/eprint/9732/1/eprint9732.pdf.
Detcheberry, Mylène. "Valorisation chimique des condensats issus de la torréfaction de biomasses : modélisation thermodynamique, conception et analyse des procédés". Phd thesis, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/16099/1/Detcheberry.pdf.
Detcheberry, Mylene. "Valorisation chimique des condensats issus de la torréfaction de biomasses : modélisation thermodynamique, conception et analyse des procédés". Thesis, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015INPT0131/document.
Lignocellulosic biomass is considered as a renewable carbon resource with great potential for the energy and chemical recovery. Torrefaction is a thermal process carried out at temperatures below 300°C, under inert atmosphere, at atmospheric pressure, and with residence times for the solid biomass ranging from few minutes to several hours. Torrefied wood is a solid product constituted by more than 70% of the initial mass with properties close to those of coal. The 30% remaining part is a gaseous effluent, composed of about one third of non-condensable gases – carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide – and two thirds of condensable species. Currently, torrefied wood is the main product of interest and is usually transformed into energetic gases by the gasification process or directly used as coal for combustion. Conversely, gaseous by-products are considered at present time as a waste and in the best case are burned to provide energy to the process. Yet, the recovery and valorization of the condensable fraction as bio-sourced chemicals is worth considering. The aim of the thesis is to propose a separation-purification process for condensable chemicals of the waste gas. This condensable fraction is a predominantly aqueous phase, containing more than 150 identified organic species. Minority species are present in varying proportions depending on torrefied wood. Finally, it is a reactive and thermally unstable mixture, where different chemical equilibria are present. An analysis of the physicochemical characteristics of the condensable fraction allowed selecting a limited number of compounds to model the mixture. A representative model of the thermodynamic behavior of the reactive mixture has been selected and the binary interaction parameters identified. Experimental vapor-liquid equilibria data were acquired in part to validate this model. The target compounds and objectives of the recovery process were selected and several development strategies were developed and simulated in ProSim+ on the basis of thermodynamic modeling. This study assessed these different strategies in terms of energy efficiency and purity of the products for potential implementation on an industrial scale of this sector