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Clark, Norman. "Developing technology policy in Africa". International Journal of Technology Management & Sustainable Development 23, n. 1 (1 aprile 2024): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/tmsd_00082_1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article suggests a revised perspective for technology policies in Africa, one that focuses more on the direct facilitation of economic production at domestic levels. Up until now there has been a strong tendency for public investment in science, technology and innovation (STI) to be confined to national science councils and higher education bodies with little direct impact on national production. The article argues that STI investment as conventionally understood needs to be supplemented by policies that stress facilitation of its use, an argument also made strongly by a recent World Bank publication and indirectly by UNCTAD in its recently published report on African development. This is likely to be especially important in small-scale and informal sectors and will certainly require support on the part of local and national governments (and aid related bodies). Hopefully we will then begin to enjoy a scenario in which the gross financial inequalities that have beset Africa for so long will begin to be modified to the ultimate benefit of all.
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Duchesne, Erick. "Governing Global Trade: International Institutions in Conflict and Convergence". Canadian Journal of Political Science 37, n. 4 (dicembre 2004): 1070–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423904500215.
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Governing Global Trade: International Institutions in Conflict and Convergence, Theodore H. Cohn, Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2002, pp. xi, 329.At a time when all eyes are riveted on the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the ups and downs associated with its current round of negotiation initiated in Doha, Qatar, in November 2001, Theodore Cohn's latest publication provides a vivid reminder: The global trading regime is made up of much more than the WTO. The GATT/WTO is still pivotal in Cohn's diachronic overview of the evolution of the global trade regime since the creation of the General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT) in 1947, but unlike several other studies on a similar topic, the author untangles the relationship between the GATT/WTO and other formal and informal international institutions, such as the G7/G8, the Quadrilateral Group (Quad), the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the G77, and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). Each institution, as well as the United States and the European Union, is given relatively equal coverage in this notable study. Yet, as an indication that the GATT/WTO is still primus inter pares, most chapters revolve around the major negotiation rounds of the international organization. Chapter 2 traces the origins and early period of the postwar trade regime (1947–1962). Chapters 3 and 4 concentrate on the Kennedy (1962–1972) and Tokyo (1973–1979) rounds of the GATT respectively. Chapter 5 details the uncertainty associated with the survival of the GATT (1980–1986). Chapters 6 and 7 focus on the momentous Uruguay Round of the GATT (1986–1994), and chapter 8 highlights the post-Uruguay Round period (1995–2001).
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Glushanovskiy, Aleksey. "Soviet/Russian Publication Flow Dynamics Analysis for Physics Subject Area and 1980–2020 Period". Science Management: Theory and Practice 5, n. 1 (27 marzo 2023): 86–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2023.5.1.6.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The scientific document’s (published in USSR (until 1991) then in Russia) flow included in the SCOPUS database Subject Area «Pphysics and Astronomy») for the period 1980-2020 is considered. It is shown that the flow dynamics development, in general, corresponds to the dynamic’s development of this branch world flow, and the share of the Soviet / Russian part of it, without ever falling out of the “top ten”, is increasing, reaching the third place among all participants by 2020. The number of documents types included in this flow varies from three to ten, but more than 90% of the total is always document types: the journal article and conference proceedings, publication. From so these two types of documents are considered below. The analysis revealed a quantitative increase (after 2018) in the share of conference proceedings, with a corresponding decrease in the share of journal publications. The point of view was verified that this is a purely Russian feature associated with taking into account the results of scientific work, however, a similar trend was revealed in the world publication’s flow and in the publications flows of a number of another countries, although in the Russian publications flow it is more pronounced. In general, this phenomenon requires a special additional study. Next, the citations of journal articles included to the Russian document’ flow were analyzed. Citations for three publications flow (1980, 1990 and 2000 years) were analyzed separately. This analysis showed a noticeable decrease in the number of uncited documents in the flow of 2000, which indicates a general interest in Russian publications increase. At the same time, it was found that a twenty-year period is not enough to get a complete picture of documents citing for a certain year of publication, included to this interval. A separate analysis of the citing for published documents with and without foreign co-authorship was carried out. `It has been established that the uncited documents percentage among documents with foreign co-authorship is significantly lower, and the average citation is significantly higher. The citing documents authors affiliation for citing Soviet/Russian publications was also analyzed. It was found that more than 80% of citing documents do not have authors with Russian affiliation. At the same time, among the first three affiliation countries for the citing documents authors of all publications of the three years under consideration are the USA and Germany, as well as (once) Japan and China.
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Dzhumanov, S., B. Dzhunuspaev e F. Abilov. "Meeting and the dynamics of the snow leopard, since the creation of the Aksu-Zhabagly nature reserve". Kazakhstan zoological bulletin 1, n. 1-2 (2020): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.54944/kzbap280ye14.
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The article is devoted to the habitat and dynamics of the snow leopard since the establishment of the Aksu-Zhabagly reserve until 2020. The presence of snow leopard was mostly recorded along the tracks of the animal. The article uses data from the observation diaries of state inspectors over the past years, scientific reports, scientific works of the nature reserve, as well as materials from the Chronicle of Nature and publications preserved in the archive of the reserve.
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Rao, KLN, Ravi Prakash Kanojia e Kirti Kumar Rathod. "Qualitative Assessment of Research done at Two Premier Medical Institutes in India: Some Data for Introspection". Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research 46, n. 1 (2012): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1007.
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ABSTRACT Aim To perform a qualitative assessment of research publications coming from two premier medical institutes in India. Materials and methods Research publications from AIIMS and PGIMER published during 2004 to 2008 were analyzed. The publications were categorized into five types. A year-wise analysis was done for both the institutes. Data was obtained from Scopus. The collected data included the number of papers published in a category, total citations received by a type of publication in a year, number of publications which have no citations, number of publications with only one citation, h-index, number of zero and only one citation were added to get publications with negligible citations. Results A total number of 4,828 and 2,882 research publications were analyzed from AIIMS and PGIMER respectively. The original articles attracted highest no of citations that is 64 and 66% of the total citations in a year for AIIMS and PGIMER respectively. Approximately 37 to 42% of the original articles get negligible citations. The h-index for various categories of article was higher for the original articles (18/13), whereas it was very low for other category of research publications. Conclusion The original articles fetch more citations in long run. Close to 40% of the original research done in the studied institutes get negligible citations pointing toward their outcome utility and quality. More than 60% of the minor category publications remain uncited. This sort of data if periodically obtained should serve as a benchmark for quality analysis of scientific research. How to cite this article Kanojia RP, Rathod KK, Rao KLN. Qualitative Assessment of Research done at Two Premier Medical Institutes in India: Some Data for Introspection. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2012;46(1):24-33.
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Gopalakrishnan, S., S. Gopalakrishnan, A. L. Bathrinarayanan e M. Tamizhchelvan. "Uncited Publications in MEMS Literature: A Bibliometric Study". DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology 35, n. 2 (20 marzo 2015): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/djlit.35.2.8324.
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Abramo, Giovanni, Ciriaco Andrea D’Angelo e Giovanni Felici. "Informed peer review for publication assessments: Are improved impact measures worth the hassle?" Quantitative Science Studies 1, n. 3 (agosto 2020): 1321–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00051.
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In this work we ask whether and to what extent applying a predictor of a publication’s impact that is better than early citations has an effect on the assessment of the research performance of individual scientists. Specifically, we measure the total impact of Italian professors in the sciences and economics over time, valuing their publications first by early citations and then by a weighted combination of early citations and the impact factor of the hosting journal. As expected, the scores and ranks of the two indicators show a very strong correlation, but significant shifts occur in many fields, mainly in economics and statistics, and mathematics and computer science. The higher the share of uncited professors in a field and the shorter the citation time window, the more recommendable is recourse to the above combination.
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Alabousi, Mostafa, Nanxi Zha e Michael N. Patlas. "Predictors of Citation Rate for Original Research Studies in the Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal". Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 70, n. 4 (novembre 2019): 383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carj.2019.06.004.
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Objective This study is aimed to identify predictors of citation rate of original research published in the Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal (CARJ). Methods A search of MEDLINE was conducted from January 1, 2000-June 30, 2013 to identify all studies published in the CARJ. Original research studies were included. Reviews, pictorial essays, guidelines, case studies, case series, and original studies with a sample size <10 were excluded. Variables assessed for association with citation rate included number of authors, study design, sample size, multi-institutional study, multi-national study, study type, presence of statistically significant result, presence of funding, and number of references. Statistical analysis was completed using linear regression and Pearson correlation coefficients ( r). Results A total of 714 studies were published in CARJ, of which 181 were original research publications that were cited a total of 1517 times. Twelve original research studies were uncited, while the most-cited one was cited 58 times. Sample size ( r = 0.177, P = .017) and number of references ( r = 0.164, P = .028) demonstrated statistically significant weak positive correlations with citation rate. Number of authors, study design, setting, statistically significant results, and funding were not associated with citation rate. Conclusion Only a very small number of original research studies published at the CARJ remained uncited 5 or more years after the publication. Sample size and number of references were identified as significant, but weak predictors of citation rate in CARJ.
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Pakkan, Sheeba, Christopher Sudhakar, Shubham Tripathi e Mahabaleshwar Rao. "Quest for Ranking Excellence Impact Study of Research Metrics". DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology 41, n. 1 (11 febbraio 2021): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/djlit.41.1.16328.
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It is a general trend that higher education institutions must undergo one or more ranking agencies evaluation to get reputed in the field of education. Institutions must have a place in the ranking to attract students, faculty and even for successful foreign student exchange programs. Prominence in research is an important parameter to scale the eminence of an institution. A quantum of quality publications is one of the factors judging the prevailing research environment of an institution. While doing an institutional level evaluation on research output, we always go for quantitative measures like total publication, citation and h-index. In the present scenario, the institution must set to have a strategy in achieving ambitious scientific goals. This paper presents some innovative analysis of research data by choosing valuable metrics. The samples selected for the study are the top-ranked institutions in India. The same approach can be applied to any institutions in the world for evaluation and excellence. We have done qualitative-quantitative analysis using different parameters of research output to explain the importance of various metrics. The present study has identified metrics which can be considered seriously to achieve better performance in research output. It is a fused index metrics which explains along with Scholarly Output, the importance of Cited and Uncited Publications and different types of Collaborations and its impact on the overall performance of an institution.
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Mohammed, Shaibu, Anthony Morgan e Emmanuel Nyantakyi. "On the influence of uncited publications on a researcher’s h-index". Scientometrics 122, n. 3 (30 gennaio 2020): 1791–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-020-03356-1.
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Eriksson, Magnus, Annika Billhult, Tommy Billhult, Elena Pallari e Grant Lewison. "A new database of the references on international clinical practice guidelines: a facility for the evaluation of clinical research". Scientometrics 122, n. 2 (14 dicembre 2019): 1221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-019-03318-2.
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AbstractAlthough there are now several bibliographic databases of research publications, such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, Scopus, and the Web of Science (WoS), and some also include counts of citations, there is at present no similarly comprehensive database of the rapidly growing number of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs), with their references, which sometimes number in the hundreds. CPGs have been shown to be useful for the evaluation of clinical (as opposed to basic) biomedical research, which often suffers from relatively low counts of citations in the serial literature. The objectives were to introduce a new citation database, clinical impact®, and demonstrate how it can be used to evaluate research impact of clinical research publications by exploring the characteristics of CPG citations of two sets of papers, as well as show temporal variation of clinical impact® and the WoS. The paper includes the methodology used to retain the data and also the rationale adopted to achieve data quality. The analysis showed that although CPGs tend preferentially to cite papers from their own country, this is not always the case. It also showed that cited papers tend to have a more clinical research level than uncited papers. An analysis of diachronous citations in both clinical impact® and the WoS showed that although the WoS citations showed a decreasing trend after a peak at 2–3 years after publication, this was less clear for CPG citations and a longer timescale would be needed to evaluate their impact on these documents.
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NEDELCU, L. "Research overview concerning the maritime industry: An evaluation of the trends and topics in the Black Sea area". Scientific Bulletin of Naval Academy XXV, n. 2 (30 dicembre 2022): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21279/1454-864x-22-i2-013.
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The present study's main purpose is to concisely outline a general overview of the main activities which took place in the maritime field in recent years, not only at a global level but also in a specific area – the Black Sea, using the data and information from international and national publications, such as Review of Maritime Transport 2021 – UNCTAD and Romanian Naval Agency. From the analysis conducted over a prolonged period, based on the evaluation of the world seaborne trade, the main parameters which define the world fleet, the global maritime trade and its outcome from the COVID-19 pandemic, and last but not least, the Black Sea maritime area, it is demonstrated that the maritime industry has overcome any crisis which occurred in time and continues to provide a complex and dynamic mean of transport. Nevertheless, the results obtained in this study represent a benchmark in the future analysis of the naval industry development.
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Bott, David M., e Lowell L. Hargens. "Are sociologists’ publications uncited? Citation rates of journal articles, chapters, and books". American Sociologist 22, n. 2 (giugno 1991): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02691874.
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Nataliya, KRASNIKOVA, DZYAD Olena e HRECHYN Kyrylo. "INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ICT SERVICES: THE CASE OF UKRAINE". Foreign trade: economics, finance, law 113, n. 6 (8 dicembre 2020): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31617/zt.knute.2020(113)08.
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Background. Today, the information and communications technology (ICT) sector is one of the most dynamic sectors of the world economy. Since IT services are the second largest export sector in Ukraine, the study of the impact of international trade in ICT services on economic growth becomes relevant. Analysis of recent research and publications. Numerous papers have shown the positive impact of international trade in ICT goods and services on production volumes, employment and productivity of national economies. In particular, UNCTAD data show that the ICT services sector shows an increase in employment and international trade in all geographical regions and provides most of the added value in the ICT sector. The aim of the article is to study the impact of international trade in ICT services on the development of economies of different levels of development, taking into account national policies of ICT sector, and to develop recommendations for Ukrainian policy of ICT sector, taking into account the experience of analyzed countries. Materials and methods. The information base for the study was data from UNCTAD, OECD, Eurostat, and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Methods of statistical, structural, regression, comparative analysis are used. Results. Regression analysis was used to identify the relationship between GDP and the volume of exports and imports of ICT services in the analyzed countries. The results showed that in order to ensure economic development through trade in ICT services, countries need to pursue a stimulating policy, which includes measures in three main areas: support for innovation (R&D funding and startup ecosystems); education and training of ICT specialists; and support for investments in ICT services (through preferential taxation and grant schemes). Conclusion. In order to support the growth of the national IT industry, the Ukrainian government is proposed to legalize existing schemes of cooperation of IT companies with private individuals, to avoid additional regulation of the industry, and to develop schemes to financially support innovation in science and business.
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Habit, Brooke. "The Geography of Exchange Between Assia Djebar and the Colonial Archive: Retracing Uncited References in L'Amour, la fantasia". Expressions maghrébines 22, n. 2 (dicembre 2023): 163–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/exp.2023.a913761.
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Abstract: Assia Djebar actively participates in the questioning of colonial history, writing L'Amour, la fantasia as a palimpsestic reparative historiography that turns the gaze of the colonial archive in on itself. Identification of the sources of uncited archival references, which Djebar interpolates in her own writing, offers a further glimpse of both her historiographical work, as well as how her authorial voice intervenes within the reappropriation of the archive to illustrate narratives which challenge a singular historical record. By pursuing a map of the uncited archival references that help to compose the novel, this work highlights how Djebar circumvents conventional archival authority and traditional historiographical methods through the literary. Locating the vast network of Djebar's uncited references to the archive by tracing them back to the original publications reveals the geography of exchange between Djebar's historiography and the colonial archive. Abstract: Assia Djebar participe activement au questionnement sur l'histoire coloniale en écrivant L'Amour, la fantasia comme une historiographie palimpsestique réparatrice qui tourne le regard de l'archive coloniale sur elle-même. L'identification des sources de références archivistiques non citées, que Djebar insère dans le texte, offre un aperçu de son travail historiographique, ainsi que la façon dont sa voix d'auteur intervient dans la réappropriation des archives pour illustrer des récits qui remettent en question la composition d'un texte historique singulier. À travers une cartographie des références archivistiques non citées qui contribuent à composer le roman, ce texte met en évidence le contournement de l'autorité archivistique conventionnelle produit par Djebar et les méthodes historiographiques traditionnelles par la littérature. En retrouvant la trace des publications originales, la localisation d'un vaste réseau de références aux archives non explicitement citées par Djebar révèle la géographie d'échange entre l'historiographie de Djebar et les archives coloniales.
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Yamashita, Yasuhiro, e Daisuke Yoshinaga. "Influence of researchers’ international mobilities on publication: a comparison of highly cited and uncited papers". Scientometrics 101, n. 2 (29 luglio 2014): 1475–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-014-1384-6.
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Vorobei, Svitlana. "Fiscal issues of entities’ non-financial reporting". Economics of Development 20, n. 2 (28 dicembre 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ed.20(2).2021.01.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article identifies areas for strengthening the information value of non-financial reporting data, in particular in terms of its fiscal issues. The author substantiates the issues of disclosure of data on the impact of uncertainty on the entities’ activities based on the results of the analysis of scientific publications and generally accepted international documents. It is proved that high-quality non-financial reporting can serve as one of the tools for attracting additional funding for eliminating the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The article highlights the results of the analysis of non-financial reporting of state-owned enterprises to identify data on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their activities and compliance with the list of sustainability reporting indicators defined in the document “Guidance on core indicators for entity reporting on contribution towards implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals”, developed by UNCTAD ISAR. The paper substantiates that non-financial reporting data can serves as one of the information sources for decision-making at the state level in terms of avoiding fiscal risks (management report, report on payments to government). The core research methods used in the article: bibliometric analysis; synthesis; observation.
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Hu, Zewen, Angela Lin e Peter Willett. "Identification of research communities in cited and uncited publications using a co-authorship network". Scientometrics 118, n. 1 (10 novembre 2018): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-018-2954-9.
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Gureyev, V. N., N. A. Mazov e I. Yu Ilicheva. "CONTRIBUTION OF EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS TO JOURNAL’S SCHOLARLY OUTPUT". Proceedings of SPSTL SB RAS, n. 4 (24 gennaio 2021): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/2618-7575-2020-4-113-119.
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Editorial board members (EBMs) of academic journals have been frequently studied for better understanding the principles of their functioning, impact on editorial policy, publication ethics, and entire scientific progress. One of the promising trends is to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of EBMs to the scholarly output of parent journals. This paper represents the results of the study on publication activity of editorial board members of the Russian Library and Information Science journals. To detect a share of papers by EBMs in the journal’s scholarly output, we studied a share of EBMs papers in parent journals and other sources. Generally, we detected the active participation of EBMs in increasing scholarly output of parent journals. We also studied the publication activity of foreign members of EBMs in Russian journals that turned out to bedramatically low. Formal involvement of foreign researchers to enhance the level of journal’s internationalization may explain this situation. It is shown, that the fact of publication fails to significantly impact on journal’s ranking positions. The scientific quality of EBMs papers has proved to be of higher value: in case of high quality of EBMs papers, the number of readers and citations start to increase. On the other hand, uncited papers by EBMs have the lowest or even negative effect on the journal’s rank. The findings can be of interest to editors-in-chief and founders of academic journals.
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Moskaleko, Bogdan, Oleksandr Borovik e Yaroslav Reshetniak. "National economy investmentattr activeness: a bibliographican alysis". Herald of Ternopil National Economic University, n. 2(96) (10 luglio 2020): 62–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2020.02.062.
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Introduction. The problem of country investment attractiveness, and approaches to its evaluation have been thoroughly debated over few last decades. Attracting of foreign direct investment (FDI) that is dedicated to creation of new jobs and added value in Ukraine, is relevant since independence declaration in 1991 and until now. It is believed, Ukrainian economy has unlimited investment potential, and reasonable high level of investment attractiveness, based on its geographical location and existing natural resources. Apparently, based on open access data, Ukraine has one of the worst in Europe FDI and GDP dynamic. Thus, the fundamental studies considering concept of “country investment potential” is highly relevant due to current macroeconomic condition in Ukraine. Within this work, authors researched recent studies of investment attractiveness evaluation around the world, and assumed their common principles. purpose of the research is to review most recent publications around the world on country investment potential evaluation topic. Results.The authors researched current relevant publications in journals which are indexed by international research databases. The analysis has shown that vast majority of current studies are connected to emerging market economies such as China and India. Among those papers, the most common approach to evaluate country’s investment attractiveness was usage of statistical methods. It allows considering a reasonably significant number of independent variables. Based on UNCTAD data [1], emerging economies show the best dynamic data related to GDP growth, and FDI inflows and outflows within last decade. According to abovementioned, the authors focused the research related to developing countries. Prospects. The Future researches could be long-term promising within the direction of country investment potential evaluation, taking into consideration socio-cultural determinants of specific countries in relevant statistical models.
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Mazov, N. A., e V. N. Gureyev. "“SEISMIC TECHNOLOGIES” IN THE CONTEXT OF RUSSIAN JOURNALS ON EARTH SCIENCES: AN EXTENSIVE 10-YEAR BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS". Russian Journal of geophysical technologies, n. 1 (25 settembre 2018): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18303/2619-1563-2018-1-1.
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The paper presents a ten-year bibliometric study of “Seismic Technologies” journal published by Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics. In the study we used both generally accepted bibliometric methods including citation analysis, detection of a share of uncited papers, distribution of citations per years, analysis of the level of internationalization of the journal, as well as rather new approaches for analysis of publication activity and geographic distribution of editorial board members. The obtained findings related to “Seismic Technologies” were compared with relevant indices of the most ranked Russian journals on Earth sciences to reveal the journal’s position among other Russian serials and to detect its possibilities to be selected in international citation databases.
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Wiss, Marcia A. "World Investment Report 1995. Transnational Corporations and Competitiveness. Prepared by the UNCTAD Division on Transnational Corporations and Investment. New York: United Nations Publications, 1995. $45." American Journal of International Law 90, n. 4 (ottobre 1996): 713–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2204008.
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Wysokińska, Zofia. "A Review of Transnational Regulations in Environmental Protection and the Circular Economy". Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 23, n. 4 (30 dicembre 2020): 149–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.23.32.
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The aim of the paper is to present a review of transnational regulations (global and European) in the field of environmental protection and the circular economy. The paper discusses the regulations proposed in publications and reports of such global organizations and UN Agencies as the United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP), the United Nations Conference for Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), as well as the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the European Commission as the Executive Body of the European Union. With regard to the WTO, these regulations concern the effects of liberalizing trade in environmental goods and services and environmentally sound technologies. Sustainable development means, above all, protecting the natural environment and reducing excessive dependence on depleting natural resources, including primary raw materials, in the economic sector. This implies the need to implement a new resource‑efficient development model, based on the principles of the circular economy (CE), which has been proposed for several years by transnational organizations. In the CE model, the use of natural resources is minimized, and when a product reaches the end of its useful life, it is reused to create additional new value. This can bring significant economic benefits, contributing to new production methods and new innovative products, growth, and job creation. The topics mentioned above are the main subject of consideration in the presented paper.
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Pacheco Aispuro, Gerónimo, Ileana Belén Rojas Jácome, Carlos Alejandro Martínez Zamora, Cuauhtémoc Gil-Ortiz Mejía, Christopher Mader, Carlos Castillo Rangel, Alejandro Monroy Sosa et al. "Bibliometric Analysis: Six Decades of Scientific Production from a Nationwide Institution: Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE) from Mexico". Healthcare 11, n. 12 (12 giugno 2023): 1725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11121725.
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Background: This study employed bibliometric analysis to ascertain the research focus areas among a group of Mexican physicians affiliated with the Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE). ISSSTE, a healthcare institution catering to a diverse range of diseases, offers a distinctive perspective on the investigated specialties within the realm of health. The primary objective was to identify knowledge gaps in medical care disciplines through a comprehensive examination of scholarly publications. Methods: We retrieved Scopus papers affiliated with “ISSSTE” and saved them as .CSV files. Subsequently, we employed VOSviewer, biblioshiny, and bibliometrix for bibliometric analysis. This enabled us to identify prominent institutions, prolific authors, highly cited researchers, and their respective affiliations. Results: Our analysis identified 2063 publications; the specialty internal medicine accounted for the greatest proportion with 831 publications. Original papers accounted for 82% of the total, with 52% of them being written in Spanish. The majority of scientific output, 92%, originated from Mexico City. The annual production has steadily increased since 2010, peaking in 2021 with over 200 publications. However, papers on prevalent conditions, such as metabolic syndrome, received limited citations, and the L0 index (percentage of uncited items) for all papers is close to 60%. Scopus mislabeled one affiliation, and some cases show a low paper-to-author ratio of 0.5 Discussion: Additional concerns, such as honorary authorship due to excessive authors per paper, and the underlying causes of low citation rates in Mexican publications, warrant further examination. Moreover, our research emphasizes the urgency of bolstering research and development funding, which was consistently below 0.5% of GDP for the past four decades, falling short of legal mandates and international benchmarks. We endorse the establishment of robust research collectives in Latin America to address these challenges, foster regional scientific output, and transition from knowledge consumers to knowledge producers, thereby reducing dependence on foreign technology.
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Schvirck, Eliandro, Caroline Lievore, Priscila Rubbo, José Roberto Herrera Cantorani e Luiz Alberto Pilatti. "Invisible Publications: A Study of Academic Productivity in the Web of Science Database". Revista Española de Documentación Científica 47, n. 1 (28 febbraio 2024): e375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/redc.2024.1.1454.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The present study aims to outline the profile of uncited or rarely cited articles indexed in the Web of Science database between 2017 and 2021. We used stratified random sampling of 14,425 journals to extract our study sample of 373 journals. The dependent variable was defined as the number of citations, with independent variables being the JCR index, maturity, quartile, language of publication, and whether the research was funded. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample according to field of research and variable. A negative binomial regression method was used to estimate which variables influence the number of citations received by articles in the sample. We found that of the 256,524 articles that make up the research corpus, 39,469 (15.39%) received no citations and 91,963 articles (35.85%) received up to four citations. The variables that positively influenced estimates of the number of citations were maturity (0.481), JCR index (0.159), and funding (0.020), while quartile (-0.170) and language (-1.032) had a negative influence on number of citations. We conclude that the pressures of academic productivism create a vicious cycle in which studies are referenced based on their ranking in the struggle for privileged editorial space, with articles in higher quartile journals being more prone to citation.
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Khan, Saleem M., e Zahira S. Khan. "World Investment Report 2006, FDI from Developing and Transition Economies: Implications for Development by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). United Nations Publications, New York (2006)." Journal of Asian Economics 18, n. 3 (giugno 2007): 553–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asieco.2007.02.015.
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Olapoju, Olabisi Michael. "Cross examinations of maritime trade disruptions in Africa during COVID-19 pandemic". Pomorstvo 36, n. 2 (23 dicembre 2022): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31217/p.36.2.2.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study examined the influence of the disruption of COVID-19 on maritime shipping activities in Africa. Particular attention was paid to the variations in the performance of selected African countries in container ship calls, container throughput, and liner shipping connectivity between 2019 and 2020. Eighteen (18) African countries were selected from all the geographical regions of the continent based on data availability. Secondary data was drawn from records of maritime trade in the publications of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2019, 2020, and 2021) as well as World Bank Development Indicators for the selected countries. Explorative data analysis was used to organize and present the data. Results showed that the North African region alone recorded an improved percentage of container ship calls in 2020 than in 2019. Results by individual countries showed that Ghana recorded the highest positive increase in ship calls in 2020 from her record in 2019. In addition, Morocco, recorded the highest container throughput in 2020 than the record in 2019 while all the countries exhibited a winding record of liner connectivity between the last quarter of 2019 through the last quarter of 2020. The study concluded that the disruption of maritime activity by the COVID-19 pandemic had a mixed impact on African countries’ performance. However, Africa has the potential to be more resilient to unforeseen shocks and become competitive if it is more integrated into the global supply chain and deploys modern and efficient technology and innovation to the shipping business more than it ever did.
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Mishchenko, Yana V. "Current trends, foreign economic development strategies, and competitiveness of transnational corporations of Japan, China and Southeast Asia: comparative analysis". RUDN Journal of Economics 28, n. 3 (15 dicembre 2020): 465–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2329-2020-28-3-465-478.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this research is a comparative analysis of modern strategies for foreign economic development and transnationalization of large businesses in Japan, China, and Southeast Asia. The article analyzes modern investment strategies and the main trends in the activities of transnational corporations in these countries. The relevance of the article is due to the important role of TNCs in the international exchange of foreign direct investment, their significant contribution to improving the socio-economic level of their home countries, as well as strengthening and expanding trade and economic ties between the states of East Asia. When preparing the work, we used such quantitative research methods as statistical analysis, ranking, comparison. We use theoretical (descriptive analysis, content analysis) and empirical (working with official documentation) methods for collecting information. Official publications and materials of the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), as well as the work of Russian scientists and researchers, made a significant contribution to the theoretical and factual base of the study. The article compares the total volume of assets held by corporations in the countries under consideration and the volume of foreign assets. The author analyzes the spheres of economy in which their TNCs are engaged and attempts to identify their international specialization. Singapore and Malaysia are defined as the Southeast Asian countries that are most successfully developing the process of transnationalization of large businesses; however, business transnationalization is uneven in the sub-region. Various motives for the transnationalization of large businesses in the compared countries are highlighted, as well as modern examples of their investment interaction, mergers, and acquisitions conducted by East Asian TNCs.
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Lipkin, Mikhail. "Special Session of the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences at the 13th RISA Convention: Changes in the Research Field of the History of the Cold War". ISTORIYA 12, n. 10 (108) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840017348-1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article makes a review of the 8 academic papers presented at the special session of the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences conducted as part of the 13th RISA Convention in Moscow “The World System of Socialism” and global economics in 1950s — 1970s: discussion in historiography and the recent archival evidences”. The session summed up results of 5 years of research work of scientific team at the Institute of World History financed by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation 17-18-01728 in 2017—2021. The author specifies main publications and reviews in press on the published book series “The World System of Socialism” and global economics” established in the “Ves’ Mir” publishing company as part of the project, and analyses its merit in comparison with analogоus book series which appeared in the world. The key talking points of presented papers are represented threw the lense of a search for alternative development in 1950s — 1970s, alternative to the capitalist system. The comparative analysis of modernization efforts in the countries of the Eastern Bloc, institutional reforms in COMECON and UN (creation of UNCTAD), collective answer to technological challenges of the colour TV (SECAM) is displayed around discussion on the struggle between political and economic concerns of policymakers in this period of time. The author comes to conclusion that the trend line in the world historiography of the last 5 years becomes a study of the global Cold War from the angle of “East — South” relations. The interdisciplinary research conducted by Russian historians answers this new challenge in research field of the Cold War history.
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Torres-Salinas, Daniel, Nicolas Robinson-Garcia, Juan Miguel Campanario e Emilio Delgado López-Cózar. "Coverage, field specialisation and the impact of scientific publishers indexed in the Book Citation Index". Online Information Review 38, n. 1 (8 gennaio 2014): 24–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-10-2012-0169.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose – The aim of this study is to analyse the disciplinary coverage of Thomson Reuters' Book Citation Index database focusing on publisher presence, impact and specialisation. Design/methodology/approach – The authors conducted a descriptive study in which they examined coverage by discipline, publisher distribution by field and country of publication, and publisher impact. For this purpose the Thomson Reuters' subject categories were aggregated into 15 disciplines. Findings – Humanities and social sciences comprise 30 per cent of the total share of this database. Most of the disciplines are covered by very few publishers mainly from the UK and USA (75.05 per cent of the books), in fact 33 publishers hold 90 per cent of the whole share. Regarding publisher impact, 80.5 per cent of the books and chapters remained uncited. Two serious errors were found in this database: the Book Citation Index does not retrieve all citations for books and chapters; and book citations do not include citations to their chapters. Originality/value – There are currently no studies analysing in depth the coverage of this novel database which covers monographs.
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Davituliani, Tsitsino. "COVID-19 IMPACT ON THE GEORGIAN TOURISM SECTOR". Economic Profile 15, n. 20 (25 dicembre 2020): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/ep.2020.20.05.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The coronavirus has caused an economic crisis not only directly in the tourism sector, but also in areas directly and indirectly related to it. Capital turnover decreased from 2089.1 million to 690.1 million compared to the previous 2019. In February 2020 alone, the number of international tourists decreased by 0.7% compared to the same period last year. The decrease in tourists was reflected in the restaurant business, the turnover of shopping facilities, etc. Compared to 2019, the number of employees in hotels and restaurants alone has decreased by more than 18 thousand people. A significant decrease was also observed in the Imereti region. Corona virus COVID-19 poses a significant threat to both the global and regional economies. Today, the negative impact of the pandemic on the world economy has become irreversible. It is impossible to make an accurate forecast in today’s rapidly changing environment. The first case of kovidivirus in Georgia was detected on February 26, 2020, and already in March the visible effects of the pandemic began to be detected: Increased demands on products; The inevitable rise in unemployment; Reduction of international remittances; A sharp decrease in the flow of foreign tourists, etc. Recently, tourism has become one of the leading sectors of our country's economy, accounting for 11% of Georgia's GDP. The number of visitors in 2019 exceeded 9.3 million, which was 7.8% more than in the previous 2018, the increase was visible every year. With this in mind, the number of visitors was expected to increase to 10 million by 2020. The coronavirus has dealt one of the biggest blows to world tourism and caused an economic crisis. Georgia is no exception. The aim of our paper is to determine based on a comparative analysis of statistical materials provided by Geostat, the Agency of Protected Areas and the National Tourism Administration how much the Covid virus has changed the expected results in the tourism sector as a whole in the country and in the Imereti region. COVID-19 has had the most negative impact on the tourism industry precisely because of closed borders and fears of travel. According to the analysis of the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), which considers the SARS scenario of the pandemic in 2003 as a potential model, world tourism should expect a 1-3% decrease in visitors, while according to the forecast made in 2019, the number of visitors in 2020 is 3-4% Should increase global tourism to a total loss of $ 30-50 billion (UNCTAD, 2020: 9.03). The global tourism crisis has had a big impact on Georgia as well, already in February 2020 the number of international tourists decreased by 0.7% compared to the same period last year. However, during the same period, there was a certain increase in some countries, in particular, a 161.5% increase was observed in tourists from Estonia in February. Significant increase in tourist flow was also observed from other EU countries: Poland - 84.8%. Italy - 81.2%, France - 52.4% and Germany - 38%. Since travel restrictions have already been extended to virtually all countries, including neighboring Azerbaijan and Armenia, the impact on the tourism sector has clearly increased. Closed borders and travel restrictions will hurt Georgia's tourism sector and likely slow down the market diversification process. To assess the scale of the economic impact, it should be noted that according to official data for 2018, 44,663 people were employed in hotels and restaurants alone; In 2019, there were 48,634, the same data as 38,661 people in the first quarter of 2020, which decreased to 30,215 people in the second quarter. That is, compared to 2019, the number of employees in hotels and restaurants alone has decreased by more than 18 thousand people. And capital turnover decreased from 2089.1 million to 690.1 million compared to the previous 2019 (data for 2 quarters of 2020). The same data in the Imereti region in 2019 amounted to 2536 people. There is also a significant decrease in the number of visitors to protected areas. Analyzing the statistical materials of the Agency of Protected Areas, we find that 112612 visitors (including 21176 foreigners) visited the Protected Areas of Georgia during the first 7 months of 2020, the same figure was 1,199,011 for 2019, ie only 11.6 % of the total number of visitors in the previous year. If we take into account the fact that in previous years the number of visitors in the first five included 3 protected areas from Imereti - Prometheus Cave, Sataplia and Okatse Canyon this year only Prometheus Cave entered the top five and it is in the third place with 10,581 visitors. In 2019, it was visited by 184,264 visitors. The situation is the same in Okatse Canyon last year it hosted more than 92 thousand visitors, this year only 52 96 (instead of the projected 100 000 visitors), Sataplia visited 6002 visitors in 7 months in 7 months, the same figure in 2019 was 741988 visitors. The number of visits to the above facilities alone shows how big the difference is in the number of visitors of the past and present years. Added to this are the indirectly related sectors of tourism, which clearly shows the economic crisis in the tourism sector of Imereti. It is hoped that the corona virus COVID-19 will soon be overcome in the world, including Georgia, and will start economic progress, including in the tourism sector. It is also encouraging that National Geographic, one of the most influential travel publications in the world, has named Georgia, Svaneti region, among the top 25 destinations in the world in 2021, which tourists should visit in the post-pandemic period. The American travel magazine "Thrillist" describes the 13 best countries, where it advises American citizens to live, in which it names Georgia among the popular tourist countries. The journalist of the publication recommends using the project "Work from Georgia" to come to Georgia. The Georgian government has eased visa requirements for participants in the project, and with the new "Work from Georgia" program, foreigners can work remotely from Georgia and spend a full year in the country, earning at least $ 2,000 a month. - The author of the article writes and notes that Georgia attracts travelers to the Caucasus Mountains, Georgian cuisine, wine and affordable prices (nationalgeographic, 2020). According to the National Tourism Administration, up to 1,100 citizens from different countries were registered within the framework of the project "Work from Georgia" from August 27 to October 25. Hopefully, more travelers will be interested in this project, they will come to Georgia, including the Imereti region, which will at least partially improve the economic situation in the country's tourism sector.
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Chen, Yuwei, Bitange Ndemo, Martin Ogutu e W. N. Iraki. "CONTRIBUTION OF NATIONAL IMAGE, BUSINESS CLIMATE, AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TO FDI AMONG SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA NATIONS". International Journal of Economic Policy 1, n. 2 (10 settembre 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijecop.679.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the contribution of National Image, Business Climate, and Technology Transfer to FDI among Sub-Saharan Africa nations.
Methodology: This study was based on positivism approach and study used a descriptive cross-sectional design. The population of the study was all of SSA 46 countries and a census survey of all the countries in SSA was done hence no sampling was done. Both primary and secondary data were used in the study. A structured research questionnaire was used in collecting primary data. The questionnaire was administered to the Heads of Foreign Missions of each of the 46 SSA countries in Kenya. Secondary data was used for data on FDI obtained from the UNCTAD publications. Data was then analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Testing of hypothesis was done through Adjusted R2 F-ratio test (Analysis of Variance) and regression of the coefficient.
Results: The study established the synergistic contributions of national image, business climate and technology transfer to FDI among Sub-Saharan Africa countries. Adjusted R square shows that the overall model explained 88.5% of changes in FDI. The overall model was also statistically significant (F= 95.709, p-value< .05). The influence of individual variables was statistically significant for business climate (B= 1.240, p-value< .05) and technology transfer (B= .540, p-value< .05) and not statistically significant for national image (B= .282, p-value> .05).
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The findings of this study support the need for Sub-Saharan Africa countries to create a national image individually as countries and as a block as this will go a long way in attracting FDI which will eventually translate to economic development. It is therefore prudent for countries in Sub-Saharan Africa to understand the national image dimensions in the regional context in order to carry out frequent analysis and develop strategic approaches relevant to their FDI competitiveness.
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Pratama, Dimas Satriawan Syah, Tofik Yanuar Chandra e Mohamad Ismed. "KEPASTIAN HUKUM PENERAPAN JUSTICE COLLABORATOR TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA." SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah 3, n. 6 (4 giugno 2024): 2649–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.55681/sentri.v3i6.2885.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The idea of a Justice Collaborator is based on Article 37 paragraph (2) of the 2003 United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) which states that the state is obliged to consider reducing the sentence of perpetrators who provide substantial cooperation in the investigation and prosecution of a specified crime. As of 2023, UNCAC has 190 member countries which have proven that the article regarding Justice Collaborator is an effective way to eradicate organized crime such as narcotics. The Research method is a normative juridical research, to obtain the necessary data in connection to the period issue. The data used is secondary data in consisting of primary legal materials. Besides, it used primary data to support secondary data legal materials. Data analysis was done by qualitative juridical analysis. The result of research is obtained that From the research results, it can be seen that Justice Collaborator is a form of symbiotic mutualism or mutually beneficial cooperation between Witnesses and Perpetrators of law enforcement officers where each of them gets benefits related to the disclosure of narcotics crime cases. The legal basis for Justice Collaborator began with the publication of SEMA No. 4 of 2011, Joint Regulations, to Law no. 31 of 2014. In the PSK Law, the position of Justice Collaborator is regulated as equal to Witness, Victim and Whistleblower and their rights are guaranteed by law, but in practice there are still many perpetrator witnesses who do not get leniency because in the trial the judge does not consider the testimony of the perpetrator witness to meet the requirements. as Justice Collaborator. Even though the legal basis already exists, because in the Indonesian judicial system the decision maker is the judge, the recommendation of the prosecutor or LPSK does not necessarily lighten the sentence of the perpetrator witness
34
Courture, Faye L. "Agenda 21 & The UNCED Proceedings. Edited by Nicholas A. Robinson. New York: Oceana Publications, 1992. 2 vols. P.p. cxxxix, 1341." International Journal of Legal Information 20, n. 3 (1992): 295–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500008027.
Testo completo
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Yuwei, Chen, Bitange Ndemo, Martin Ogutu e X. N. Iraki. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NATIONAL IMAGE AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AMONG SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA COUNTRIES". International Journal of Finance 6, n. 3 (11 ottobre 2021): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijf.704.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between National Image and FDI among Sub-Saharan Africa nations.
Methodology: This study was based on positivism approach and study used a descriptive cross-sectional design. The population of the study was all of SSA 46 countries and a census survey of all the countries in SSA was done hence no sampling was done. Both primary and secondary data were used in the study. A structured research questionnaire was used in collecting primary data. The questionnaire was administered to the Heads of Foreign Missions of each of the 46 SSA countries in Kenya. Secondary data was used for data on FDI obtained from the UNCTAD publications. Data was then analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Testing of hypothesis was done through Adjusted R2 F-ratio test (Analysis of Variance) and regression of the coefficient.
Results: The results revealed that the influence of national image on FDI among SSA countries was positive and statistically significant. The results further reveals that 71.8% of changes in FDI is as a result of the national image aspects selected in this study while the remaining 28.2% are elucidated by other aspects not pondered in this model. Independent indicators defining national image had mixed results. Results showed that political dimension influenced FDI positively but it was not statistically significant (B= .236, t= 1.490, sig= .146). Economic dimension influenced FDI positively but it was not statistically significant (B= .104, t= .461, sig= .648). Social dimension of national image influenced FDI positively and it was statistically significant (B= .367, t= 2.368, sig= .024). Technological dimension influenced FDI positively and it was statistically significant (B= .859, t= 5.141, sig= .000).
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The findings of this study support the need for Sub-Saharan Africa countries to create a national image individually as countries and as a block as this will go a long way in attracting FDI which will eventually translate to economic development. It is therefore prudent for countries in Sub-Saharan Africa to understand the national image dimensions in the regional context in order to carry out frequent analysis and develop strategic approaches relevant to their FDI competitiveness.
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Frachtenberg, Eitan. "Multifactor Citation Analysis over Five Years: A Case Study of SIGMETRICS Papers". Publications 10, n. 4 (2 dicembre 2022): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/publications10040047.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Performance evaluation is a broad discipline within computer science, combining deep technical work in experimentation, simulation, and modeling. The field’s subjects encompass all aspects of computer systems, including computer architecture, networking, energy efficiency, and machine learning. This wide methodological and topical focus can make it difficult to discern what attracts the community’s attention and how this attention evolves over time. As a first attempt to quantify and qualify this attention, using the proxy metric of paper citations, this study looks at the premier conference in the field, SIGMETRICS. We analyze citation frequencies at monthly intervals over a five-year period and examine possible associations with myriad other factors, such as time since publication, comparable conferences, peer review, self-citations, author demographics, and textual properties of the papers. We found that in several ways, SIGMETRICS is distinctive not only in its scope, but also in its citation phenomena: papers generally exhibit a strongly linear rate of citation growth over time, few if any uncited papers, a large gamut of topics of interest, and a possible disconnect between peer-review outcomes and eventual citations. The two most-cited papers in the dataset also exhibit larger author teams, higher than typical self-citations, and distinctive citation growth curves. These two papers, sharing some coauthors and a research focus, could either signal the area where SIGMETRICS had the most research impact, or they could represent outliers; their omission from the analysis reduces some of the otherwise distinctive observed metrics to nonsignificant levels.
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Grygoryan, Rafik D. "Modeling of Mechanisms Providing the Overall Control of Human Circulation". Advances in Human Physiology Research 4, n. 1 (5 luglio 2022): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/ahpr.v4i1.4763.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Multiple humoral and nervous mechanisms, each influencing the cardiovascular system (CVS) with its specific dynamics and power, had been evolutionarily saved both in animals and in human organisms. Most of such mechanisms are considered to be controllers of CVS’s function, but there is no concept clearly explaining the interaction of global and local controllers in intact human organisms under physiological or pathological conditions. Methodological and ethical constraints create practically insuperable obstacles while experiments on animals mainly concern artificial situations with certain switched-of mechanisms. Currently, mathematical modeling and computer simulations provide the most promising way for expanding and deepening our understanding of regulators’ interactions. As most of CVS’s models describe only partial control mechanisms, a special model (SM) capable of simulating every combination of control mechanisms is encouraged. This paper has three goals: i) to argue the uncial modeling concept and its physiological basis, ii) to describe SM, and iii) to give basic information about SM’s test research. SM describes human hemodynamics, which is under influence of arterial baroreceptor reflexes, peripheral chemoreceptor reflexes, central (CRAS) and local (lRAS) renin-angiotensin systems, local ischemia, and autoregulation of total brain flow. SM, performed in form of special software (SS), is tested under specific endogenous and/or exogenous alterations. The physiologist using SS can easily construct the desirable configuration of regulator mechanisms, their actual state, and scenarios of computer experiments. Tests illustrated the adequateness of SM, are the first step of SM’s research. Nuances of the interaction of modeled regulator mechanisms have to be illustrated in special publications.
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HASSAN, Korede Ibrahim, Jacob Olufemi FATILE e Opeyemi Victoria HUNGA. "SINO-AFRICA AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSFER: IMPLICATION ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA". Journal of Public Administration, Finance and Law 31 (2024): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/jopafl-2024-31-12.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Technology is critical to industrialization and economic development of any nation and it is one of the serious bottlenecks in African industrialisation. There is no doubt that technology transfer is one of the less studied subjects in China-Africa relations. Foreign direct investment is an important factor for both technology transfer and economic growth in developing countries like Nigeria. Technological advancement has also become a major challenge to industrialization in Nigeria and to improve her economy, the Nigerian government had made various efforts at acquiring foreign technology to drive the development processes. The Nigerian government had signed pact with the Chinese government in critical areas such as agriculture, manufacturing, military, industry, education and other social sectors through Technological Transfer (TT) and Technical Cooperation (TC) that will aid knowledge sharing and transfer for the purpose of improving the economy. In view of this, the study examines the implication the Sino-Africa and technological transfer on sustainable development in Nigeria. The study employed the interpretivism philosophy and the qualitative approach was adopted in data collection and analysis. Secondary data were sourced from the United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics (UNCTS) Database, Nigeria National Bureau of Statistics, and the World Trade Organisation (WTO) Statistics database, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) figures were from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Database, International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the United Nations Statistics Database (UNdata). Other sources were the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Database, International Financial Statistics (IFS) of the World Bank; publications of Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and other agencies of government as well as newspapers and journals. Also, key informant interviews were conducted with Chinese expatriates in Lagos and Ogun State, Nigeria. Data collected were analysed using content analysis method. Findings of the study reveals that there is no clear-cut policy statement on Sino-Africa technological transfer and knowledge sharing; thus, the Nigerian government cannot sufficiently absorb new technology from Chinese multi-national corporations as most of these corporations always come as agents of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) or contractors. The study concludes that adaptation and implementation of policy on technological transfer cannot promote sustainable development in Nigeria. The study recommends among others that knowledge and technology transfer should form the basis of a regulatory framework of the national FDI policy. Also, there is need for the establishment of training institutes in each State of the federation so as to facilitate technological transfer. In addition, there should be collaboration between the established training institutes and higher institutions of learning so that students can have practical knowledge on advanced equipment, methodologies and technologies that will engender sustainable development in Nigeria within a decade.
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Putri, Nikita Andini, Rohadi Ahmad Rasyidi, Bambang Priyanto, Dyah Purnaning, Made Arya Winata, Mervin Arifianto Manginte, Zikrul Haikal et al. "Systematic Review: Identifying The Most Common Type And The Mostly Shown Clinical Manifestations Of Brain Herniation In Traumatic Brain Injury". Lombok Health And Science Journal 1, n. 1 (11 ottobre 2022): 26–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/lhsj.v1i1.1538.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Brain herniation occurs when there is something in the brain that pushes brain tissue. Brain herniation is a mechanical dislocation of brain organs to other regions due to mass, trauma, neoplastic, ischemic or infection. Because the herniation itself causes high pressure on certain brain structures, it is fatal. Hence at all hospitals, the first action performed is nothing but reducing intracranial pressure.On neurological examination, there is a decrease in the degree of consciousness. Depending on the severity of the herniation, interference with one or more brainstem reflexes as well as the function of the cranial nerve may occur. Patients will also show a consistent inability to breathe and irregular heartbeats..
Methods: Using established systematic review methods, three databases (PubMed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect) with publication time before June 2021. We only include English literature in this review. Inclusion criteria was the study that published at the last 10 years, and only take a study that discuss about brain herniation in traumatic brain injury, the exclusion criteria that this review didn’t take an article journal as areference.
Results and conclusion: Ten studies (more than 1000 patients) were included.The current researches about the most common type and the most shown clinical manifestation of brain herniation in traumatic brain injury have been studied for the past few years, the result shows that most common type of the brain herniation is supratentorial herniation (transcalvaria/ekstracranial herniation (40%), transtentorial/central herniation (30%), uncal herniation (30%)). While The most common clinical manisfestation of brain herniation in traumatic brain injury based on this research are dilated pupil and decreased of consciousness.
Keywords: Most common type, Clinical Manifestation, Brain Herniation, Traumatic Brain Injury, Systematic review.
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Flissak, Kostyantyn, e Tetiana Drakokhrust. "MODERN PARADIGM OF NATIONAL INTERESTS PROMOTING IN FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF SLOVAKIA". Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 7, n. 2 (26 marzo 2021): 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2021-7-2-224-232.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The aggravation of competition processes in international economic relations leads to the fact that individual business entities do not have the opportunity to effectively represent themselves abroad. In such circumstances, the importance of state support and promotion of national interests abroad significantly increases. The purpose of the article is to explore and analyse the practice of economic diplomacy in Slovakia from the point of view of an impartial researcher, aimed at improving the national system for promoting national interests abroad. To achieve this goal, the research is focused on following tasks: to consider and analyse the main trends in the formation and development of economic diplomacy in Slovakia, to perform a brief analysis of the practice of foreign economic activity in Slovakia, highlighting its main positive and negative aspects; to summarize the main strengths of the Slovak system of promoting national interests abroad in order to recommend them for use in the practice of other countries, in particular Ukraine. Methodology. In the process of preparation the article, methods of scientific abstraction, observation, synthesis, generalization, as well as statistical and economic methods were used to determine the effectiveness of Slovak foreign economic activity and the influence of the state on it. The information and analytical base for the study includes the regulatory framework of the European Union and the Slovak Republic, materials and analytical reports of international organizations dealing with the considerate issues (UNCTAD, WTO, World Bank), regulatory and statistical data of Slovak state authorities, the results of research by modern scientists from different countries. The results of the study show that the economic diplomacy of the Slovak Republic within the framework of its EU membership is an important tool for the success of the country’s foreign economic policy, ensuring its export expansion in international markets and intensive investment cooperation with foreign investors. Particularly remarkable is the current practice of staffing institutions of economic diplomacy in Slovakia, which is based on qualified training of economic diplomats within the framework of a full-fledged university programmes. In the prospect professional support for the structures of Slovak economic diplomacy and its personnel, professional, structural and financial support from the Ministry of economy becomes a requirement. The practical implications of the scientific research is to find out the current state of economic diplomacy mechanisms in individual European countries, trends in their development and potential consequences for the economic potential of other states (in particular, Ukraine) based on the introduction of effective mechanisms for promoting national interests abroad. Value/originality. The mechanisms and practices of promoting Slovakia’s foreign economic activity in foreign economic relations deserve the attention of the relevant state structures of Ukraine regarding the unification of regulatory standards and the formation of appropriate mechanisms for protecting national interests, including in the context of the implementation of the Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement. In addition, this study has significant potential for further consideration in subsequent scientific publications.
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Frachtenberg, Eitan. "Citation analysis of computer systems papers". PeerJ Computer Science 9 (16 maggio 2023): e1389. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.1389.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Citation analysis is used extensively in the bibliometrics literature to assess the impact of individual works, researchers, institutions, and even entire fields of study. In this article, we analyze citations in one large and influential field within computer science, namely computer systems. Using citation data from a cross-sectional sample of 2,088 papers in 50 systems conferences from 2017, we examine four research areas of investigation: overall distribution of systems citations; their evolution over time; the differences between databases (Google Scholar and Scopus), and; the characteristics of self-citations in the field. On citation distribution, we find that overall, systems papers were well cited, with the most cited subfields and conference areas within systems being security, databases, and computer architecture. Only 1.5% of papers remain uncited after five years, while 12.8% accrued at least 100 citations. For the second area, we find that most papers achieved their first citation within a year from publication, and the median citation count continued to grow at an almost linear rate over five years, with only a few papers peaking before that. We also find that early citations could be linked to papers with a freely available preprint, or may be primarily composed of self-citations. For the third area, it appears that the choice of citation database makes little difference in relative citation comparisons, despite marked differences in absolute counts. On the fourth area, we find that the ratio of self-citations to total citations starts relatively high for most papers but appears to stabilize by 12–18 months, at which point highly cited papers revert to predominately external citations. Past self-citation count (taken from each paper’s reference list) appears to bear little if any relationship with the future self-citation count of each paper. The primary practical implication of these results is that the impact of systems papers, as measured in citations, tends to be high relative to comparable studies of other fields and that it takes at least five years to stabilize. A secondary implication is that at least for this field, Google Scholar appears to be a reliable source of citation data for relative comparisons.
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Flissak, Kostyantyn, e Darya Glukhova. "THE POSITION OF THE FINANCIAL COMPONENT IN THE PARADIGM OF MODERN ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY". Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 7, n. 3 (25 giugno 2021): 186–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2021-7-3-186-194.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
At the beginning of the 21st century, most subjects of international economic relations announced a course to liberalize the world economy both as a whole and as its individual components. At the same time, under the influence of geopolitical and geo-economic aspirations, state instruments of a protectionist nature were increasingly used. Global economic development has become a hostage to such processes. In such circumstances, the efficiency of individual business entities has begun to decline. Innovative tools were needed to prevent this. One of them was economic diplomacy, which has acquired a special role in providing the promotion of the interests of both national economies as a whole and their individual subjects. At the same time, economic diplomacy itself covers different areas of economic activity and not all of them are investigated to the same extent. The purpose of the article is to study and analyze the financial component of economic diplomacy in modern conditions, the specifics of its formation and development, aimed at improving the national system of promoting national interests both within the state and abroad. To achieve this goal, the research is focused on the following tasks: to consider and analyze the theoretical basis of the financial component of economic diplomacy, to highlight its manifestations in various forms of international economic relations, to determine the main imperatives of state support for international investment partnership. Special attention is paid to the issues of external borrowing and the movement of public debt funds from the point of view of the influence of economic diplomacy on them. Based on the results of this review, a whole number of theoretical conclusions were made, which at the same time establish the basis for further research of the considered problem. Methodology. In the process of preparing the article, methods of scientific abstraction, observation, analysis and synthesis, generalization, as well as statistical and economic methods were used to assess a number of financial and economic indicators of state development in order to identify the weaknesses and prospects for the impact of economic diplomacy tools on them. The information and analytical base for the study are materials and analytical reports of international organizations dealing with the issues under consideration (UNCTAD, IMF, World Bank), regulatory and statistical data of state authorities of Ukraine and the United States, the results of scientific research of modern scientists from different countries. The results of the study show that providing the proper efficiency of foreign economic activity requires the use of a set of tools to promote and support its subjects. Economic diplomacy plays a significant role in this sphere. The development level of international economic relations actualizes the justification of the modern paradigm of the financial component, mechanisms for applying the tools of economic diplomacy in financial issues. All this requires a clear delineation and structuring of object-by-object areas and directions of efforts. Only on this basis, an effective mechanism for implementing the financial component of economic diplomacy can be formed. The practical implications of the scientific research are to find out the current state of economic diplomacy mechanisms in the financial sphere, trends in their development, and potential consequences for other states (including Ukraine). Value/originality. The studied mechanisms and practice of using economic diplomacy in the sphere of the financial component, in particular in issues of interstate investment partnership, external government borrowing, and work with public debt deserve attention from the relevant state structures of Ukraine on the implementation of tools and standards of economic diplomacy in this area. In addition, this study can serve as a basis for further research, since the considered problem contains the significant potential for further investigations in subsequent scientific publications.
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Dinnis, Rob, Alexander Bessudnov, Laurent Chiotti, Damien Flas e Alexandre Michel. "Thoughts on the Structure of the European Aurignacian, with Particular Focus on Hohle Fels IV". Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 85 (22 ottobre 2019): 29–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ppr.2019.11.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Western Europe is often used as the basis from which to understand the Aurignacian of other regions. For some there is good inter-regional chronocultural agreement, whereas others see significant difference. One region frequently argued to differ is the Swabian Jura (southern Germany). In a recent contribution to this issue Bataille and Conard (2018) describe the Aurignacian assemblage from Layer IV of Hohle Fels. They convincingly outline important similarities with the Western European Late Aurignacian. However, they also argue that it is older than, and different from, the most comparable Western European assemblages, and therefore that it contradicts an Aurignacian chronocultural framework built on Western European evidence. Here we assess this claim, focusing on the sites used by Bataille and Conard in their comparison. Radiocarbon dates for Hohle Fels IV of 33–30,000 uncal bp are no older than dates for Western European Late Aurignacian assemblages. Most of the features of Hohle Fels IV argued to demonstrate its dissimilarity are, in fact, evident in the Western European Late Aurignacian. One potential difference is the reported absence from Hohle Fels IV of microblades with inverse/alternate retouch. However, due to the near absence of laterally retouched microblades and uncertainty over whether the fine fraction has been searched we doubt the significance of this observation. Other recent publications have similarly suggested that the Western European chronocultural model is incompatible with other regions. In light of this we consider Eastern Europe. Despite some difference, reliable data point to the pene-contemporaneity of characteristic bladelet/microblade technologies between the two regions, a pattern that stratigraphies from sites across Europe are also consistent with. The biggest complicating factor is radiocarbon dating, which has created a culturally complex picture that is inconsistent with all chronostratigraphic data. We therefore offer some thoughts as to the use of radiocarbon dates for this period. Despite ongoing problems dates are still frequently presented with an unwarranted confidence in their accuracy. Their presentation should instead explicitly acknowledge the method’s fallibility and its inferiority to more reliable evidence such as chronostratigraphic patterning and tephra. When radiocarbon dates contradict a consistent chronostratigraphic picture the burden of proof falls to those arguing the dates’ veracity. In these cases, the reasons for the discrepancy between the radiocarbon and chronostratigraphic records require exploration.
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UKHANOVA, I. O., e K. S. MELNIK. "UKRAINE IN THE INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT CAPITAL MARKET IN THE CONTEXT OF POST-WAR ECONOMIC RECOVERY". Economic innovations 25, n. 3(88) (7 settembre 2023): 261–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2023.25.3(88).261-271.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Topicality. The international movement of capital is important for the development of the Ukrainian economy, as it leads to the strengthening of foreign economic and political ties with the countries of the world, increasing foreign trade turnover, accelerating economic development and promoting the growth of production volumes. Modern capital migration through foreign investment is a form of capital export. Before the war, Ukraine experienced a decline in the amount of foreign capital, caused by both structural and administrative problems, as well as insufficient involvement in the international capital market. russian aggression led to the transition of the Ukrainian economy to the regime of military functioning and the destruction of enterprises, objects of social, transport, and energy infrastructure. Estimates by international organizations and the government of Ukraine indicate that in order to rebuild the country and its economy, it is necessary to attract about 350 billion US dollars, therefore, stimulating the attraction of foreign capital is one of the main tools for supporting the Ukrainian economy, and the study of the investment capital market is currently the mainstream of the economic discussion within the framework of the post-war restoration. The complexity and uniqueness of the conditions in which Ukraine will find itself after the end of hostilities requires a comprehensive approach to finding a model of post-war economic development and attracting foreign capital. Ukraine must not only restore the destroyed infrastructure, but also has the opportunity to carry out a fundamental transformation of the economy, turning the state into a modern, modernized economic environment.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to study the trends of Ukraine's presence on the international capital market in the direct investment sector and develop a recommendation for increasing the attraction of international capital as a factor in overcoming the devastating effects of the war on the economy. In order to achieve the set goal, the goals are outlined: to determine and analyze the statistical trends of Ukraine's presence on the international market of investment capital, to summarize the factors influencing the pre-war indicators of foreign investment, as well as to outline possible measures and tools for activating the attraction of foreign investment capital for the post-war recovery of the economy.Materials and Methods. To form a methodological base, the research used previous scientific-theoretical, analytical and practical publications, which reported on the results of work in the development of the problem of the activation of foreign investments in the economy of countries and their functioning on the international market of investment capital. Official statistical information and analytical materials of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the National Bank of Ukraine, and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) were used. The study of trends in Ukraine's participation in the international market of investment capital was carried out using the methods of scientific abstraction, analysis, synthesis and generalization, statistical analysis.Research results. The main statistical indicators of direct foreign investment of Ukraine were determined and analyzed, attention was focused on unstable flows of both incoming and outgoing investments. The factors influencing the inflow of foreign investments into the real sector of Ukraine's economy are summarized. Possible ways and measures to increase the attractiveness of Ukraine's economy for foreign investors in conditions of restoration of socio-economic development are determined. It has been proven that the main areas of government attention in the field of investment policy should be the introduction of tax incentives to achieve investment goals (first of all, those that do not require the use of public funds); improvement of bureaucratic conditions (first of all, regarding licensing procedures, enterprise registration and product certification); implementation of foreign experience in creating a "single agency" for working with foreign investors, which includes all functions related to interaction with a foreign investor in the process of passing the necessary permit procedures; the need to develop labor force return programs (through state vocational training programs, employment measures, etc.) is emphasized.Conclusions. The international integration of Ukraine into the global investment space is one of the main directions of the country's socio-economic policy. This involves the active and effective attraction of foreign capital, the creation of favorable conditions for business development, and strengthening the stability of the macroeconomic environment. In the post-war period, Ukraine must not only restore the destroyed infrastructure, but also realize the opportunity to carry out a fundamental transformation of the economy, turning the state into a modern, modernized economic environment. In order to achieve this goal, it is already necessary to develop mechanisms and tools that will be included in the strategy of attracting foreign capital after the war, which will help to expand the presence of Ukraine in this market and accelerate the recovery of socio-economic development. The most urgent directions for improving the state policy of increasing presence on the international capital market are considered improvement of bureaucratic conditions; demonstrations of opportunities in key sectors; development of labor re-emigration measures; stimulating conditions for the creation of innovative products of modernized enterprises.
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FERRINGTON JR., LEONARDO C., e OLE A. SÆTHER. "A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)". Zootaxa 2849, n. 1 (29 aprile 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2849.1.1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, and Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, supported by parsimony analysis, can be divided into three groups, Pseudosmittia, Allocladius and Hydrosmittia gen. n. Generic diagnoses to all stages and both sexes of all three genera are given. The mostly Neotropical and Afrotropical Allocladius together with the mostly Holarctic and Afrotropical Hydrosmittia form the sister group of the more widespread Pseudosmittia. Allocladius in addition to some basal species is divided into a paraphyletic nearly Cosmopolitan fortispinatus group, a monotypic Afrotropical soemmei group, an Afrotropical and Palaearctic niger group, a Holarctic nanseni group, and a Neotropical, Afrotropical and Holarctic longicrus group; Hydrosmittia into an Afrotropical and Palaearctic brevicornis group and a mostly Holarctic ruttneri group. Pseudosmittia is divided into 13 species groups in phyletic sequence: gracilis [simplex + rotunda (topei (digitata (xanthostola + brachydicrana + insulsa)], [conjuncta (tokaraneoa + albipennis (brevifurcata (angusta group, divided into angusta, trilobata, lamasi, danconai, uncata and forcipata subgroups)]. The xanthostola and brachydicrana groups are with few exceptions known only from South Asia and the Indo-Pacific region, while most other groups are present in most regions. Keys to male and female imagines, pupae and larvae of all three genera are given. Type material of 180 species assigned to Pseudosmittia, Camptocladius v. d. Wulp, Spaniotoma Philippi, Smittia Holmgren, Mesosmittia Brundin, Orthosmittia Goetghebuer, Ancylocladius Sublette et Wirth, Allocladius Kieffer, and Lindebergia Tuiskunen, belonging to 15 museums have been re-examined, lectotypes designated, and new combinations and synonyms given. An additional 21 species are lost or could not be located, of these 5 are declared nomina dubia. Another 4 species were not available for study or not examined. Most of these could be placed in other genera or as synonyms of species in Pseudosmittia. One hundred and thirty species are treated, 37 of which are new, 93 species are completely redescribed in all available stages. The following new species are described: Allocladius bubatus, A. caspersi, A. deborae, A. hirticaudatus, A. luciniolus, A. soemmei, A. wangorum, Hydrosmittia aagaardi, H. annulata, H. falsicostata, H. soelii, H. tenuistylata, Pseudosmittia aculeathrix, P. acutilobata, P. carita, P. christmasensis, P. cristagata, P. cunealata, P. dolabrata, P. digitrienta, P. fusata, P. laticauda, P. legonensis, P. licina, P. longicornia, P. malickyi, P. navama, P. parifusata, P. parinavama, P. pedata, P. propetropis, P. pugnata, P. siamensis, P. spinispinata, P. tericristata, P. tokunagai, and P. unniae. Ten species of Allocladius (including 2 parthenogenetic), 4 species of Hydrosmittia (including 2 parthenogenetic), and 31 species of Pseudosmittia (including 3 parthenogenetic and 3 species known only from females) are known as female imagines; 5 species of Allocladius, 6 species of Hydrosmittia and 12 species of Pseudosmittia are known as pupae; and 4 species of Allocladius, 5 species of Hydrosmittia and 10 species of Pseudosmittia are known as larvae. Errors in previous publications are corrected and remarks on variation given. The genera treated contain at least 7 apparently obligate parthenogenetic species, while facultative parthenogenesis is found in at least one species and may be widespread. The species of Hydrosmittia probably all are truly aquatic, while Allocladius has species found in both fully aquatic environments and in moist earth. In Pseudosmittia there are no certain fully aquatic species. Most species appear to be semiaquatic to semiterrestrial or live in the marine intertidal zone. The insulsa, brachydicrana, and xanthostola groups contain mostly marine seashore species, and several groups have species, which larvae live both in semiaquatic freshwater localities and on the seashore. In the angusta group, however, only P. bifurcata appears to be intertidal.Only in Allocladius a cool southern transantarctic Gondwanian vicariance may have taken place, but combined with dispersal to West Asia, further to the Euro-Mediterranean and East Asian Regions, and across a Beringian Region to North America. A more northern warm Gondwanian connection between West Africa and East South America could be present but not common in Pseudosmittia. The dominating distribution pattern in Pseudosmittia appear to be caused by direct dispersal, in America across the Caribbean and the Central American lowland, in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific across oceans by floating debris and vegetation.
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Kranz, Lincoln, Wyatt Hahn, Whitney Thompson, Roland Hentz, Nathan L. Kobrinsky, Paul J. Galardy e Jacob R. Greenmyer. "Neonatal Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: Scoping Review and Analysis of 205 Cases". Blood 142, Supplement 1 (28 novembre 2023): 5350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-182092.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a syndrome of pathologic immune activation and uncontrolled inflammation. Neonatal HLH (nHLH), defined as HLH that presents in the first month of life, is clinically devastating. nHLH is estimated to comprise 10% of familial HLH (fHLH) diagnoses. There have been few, large descriptive studies of nHLH. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to perform a scoping review and descriptive analysis of published cases of nHLH. The secondary objective of this study was to assess the reporting quality of published nHLH cases. Methods: A comprehensive literature database search was performed. Cases of HLH were eligible for inclusion if clinical analysis was performed at age < 30 days. As many as 70 variables were extracted from each case. Frequencies and percentages of variables reported per case in the articles included were provided. Qualitative variables were summarized by frequency and percentage. Quantitative variables which were not approximately normally distributed were summarized with median and interquartile range (IQR). Results: 544 studies were assessed for eligibility. Studies were excluded if they did not discuss nHLH (n=280), aggregated nHLH patient data with all ages (n=83), provided insufficient detail and/or data describing nHLH (n=28), and for other reasons (n=8).205 cases of nHLH from 142 articles were included. Cases were published from 31 countries from 1985-2023. Primary presenting features included fever (38.1%, n=67/176), organomegaly (11.9%, n=21/176) respiratory distress (11.4%, n=20/176), jaundice (4.5%, n=8/176), and signs of bleeding (3.4%, n-6/176). Symptoms began in utero in 20 patients (n=20/161). The median age of symptom onset was day of life (DOL) 3 (IQR: 0-14) (n=141). Median age at diagnosis was DOL 15 (IQR: 6-27) (n=87). The median time from initial evaluation to initiation of HLH therapy was 8 days (IQR: 3-14) (n=53). The frequency of HLH criteria and criteria median values are summarized in Table 1. The median number of diagnostic criteria met by patients were 5/8 (IQR: 4, 6). CNS manifestations were reported in 62.7% of cases (n=64/102). Skin manifestations were reported in 75.4% of cases (n=52/69). Liver injury (67.9%, n=91/134) and/or liver failure (23.9%, n=32/134) were common. Infections were reported in 46.7% of patients (n=70/150). Causes of nHLH included familial/inherited disease (46.8%, n=96/205), infection (26%, n=53), macrophage activation syndrome (2.9%, n=6), primary immunodeficiency (2.9%, n=6), inborn error of metabolism (2.4%, n=5), and malignancy (2%, n=4). Diagnosis was made using clinical and laboratory features (82.4%, n=169/205), gene panel (16.1%, n=33/205), sanger sequencing (1.0%, n=2/205), and ultra-rapid whole genome sequencing (0.5%, n=1/205). Genetic causes of fHLH included mutations in PRF1, STX11, STXBP2, UNC13D, NOCAR-H, and XIAP. The majority of patients (62.7%, n=121/193) died within the period of reporting. The estimated median survival time from nHLH onset of symptoms was 83 days. Only 4.4% (n=9/205) of studies reported complete data to calculate an H-score. Studies reported discernable values for HLH diagnostic variables at the following frequencies: temperature (71.7%), organomegaly (82.9%), hemoglobin (69.3%), thrombocytopenia (82.4%), neutrophils (55.1%), fibrinogen (64.4%), triglycerides (5.5%), hemophagocytosis (73.2%), ferritin (71.2%), low/absent NK cell activity (33.2%), and sIL2R (29.3%). Other clinically relevant variables such as the presence or absence of skin manifestations (33.7%), and CNS manifestations (49.8%) frequently went unreported. There were many cases that made a categorical description of a lab value (e.g., thrombocytopenia) without providing an absolute value (e.g., platelets level). Conclusions: This is the largest aggregated study of nHLH presentations, diagnostic criteria, clinical trajectory, and etiologic diagnoses. Neurologic, dermatologic, and hepatic manifestations occur in the neonatal population. Current reports of nHLH suggest a grim prognosis. Future publications containing data on nHLH should report all clinically relevant variables. Studies looking at multiple patients in aggregate should provide supplemental information with detailed nHLH cases.
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Horoshkova, Lidiia, e Іevhen Khlobystov. "Financial mechanisms of education development in conditions of decentralization". University Economic Bulletin, n. 50 (31 agosto 2021): 174–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2021-50-174-186.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Relevance of the research topic. Research actuality is predefined by that question of process control of reforms and decentralization of power for the sake of providing of steady development of country the reformation of educational industry inalienably related to the process. Implementation of strategic tasks of reformation of the system of education, that will provide the increase of her quality and competitiveness, possibility of integration in European and world educational space, possible only on condition of sufficientness of financial resources for her functioning and development. Thus the problem of sufficientness of the financial providing of education remains actual on the modern stage of reformation of administrative-territorial device of country. Formulation of the problem.One of forms of financial participation of the state there is educational субвенція in providing of quality education. Educational subvention is money that is distinguished from the state budget after the special formula on financing of establishments of education. The operating mechanism of her extra charge uncan be considered optimal. As a result - the volume of educational subvention does not provide a requirement in facilities on the remuneration of labour of pedagogical workers in the field of universal middle education on a due levels. Analysis of recent research and publications. Modern aspects of solving the problems of decentralization and reforming the administrative-territorial system in the country are such scientists as Pavlyuk A. P., Oliynyk D. I., Batalov O. A., Datsko O. I., Murkovych L. L., Molodozhen Yu. B. etc. [1-4]. The results of our own research on the problem are given in [5-11]. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. As there is a problem of imperfection of determination of обстягів of educational субвенції the consequence of that are lacks of money for maintenance of universal middle education in united territorial communities (UTC) on a due levels, there is a decision problem of development of system mechanisms of management financing of education, as pre-conditions of grant of quality educational services and steady development of society. Problem statement, research goals. By the above-mentioned circumstances the predefined expediency of determination of ways of optimization of the system of calculation of volumes of educational subvention, that would allow to provide the sufficient level of financing of education in united territorial communities (UTC), as bases of steady development of the UTC. Method and methodology of research. In the process of conducting research, general scientific (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analytical grouping) and special (abstraction, modeling, etc.) methods of studying economic phenomena and processes were used. Presentation of the main material (results of work). Undertaken a study of efficiency of distribution of educational subvention mechanism between local budgets comes true on the basis of formula that takes into account many indexes. On results 2018 such conformity to law is set: a difference between actual and calculation filled of classes in unit grows into the end of year in the 1 thousand hrn. of proficit/of deficit of educational subvention in a calculation on one student. Imperfection of formula of calculation of sizes of educational subvention is well-proven. It is set that substantial disproportions are, when in one local budgets of volumes of educational subvention sufficiently for the legislatively set remuneration of labour, while in other - raises diminish for of prestige of pedagogical labour, a management, replacement temporally of absent teachers, is not paid cabinets and workshops, a salary is not provided in good time, forced pedagogical are warned of reduction of raises in next months. To imperfection of operating mechanism of educational subvention data of the analysis of situation conducted by us testify in relation to financing of educational sphere in the Zaporizhzhya area. Conclusions. There was undertaken a study of level of financial sufficientness of educational subvention on the example of the Zaporizhzhya area and educed unefficiency of operating mechanism of financing of education in united territorial communities (UTC). It is set that as a result of making alteration to the Budgetary and Tax codes practical steps are done in direction of budgetary decentralization, substantial changes took place in interbudgetary relations and filling of local budgets due to the redistribution of sources of tax receivabless between the different levels of the system. But more detailed analysis of possible consequences of realization of some mechanisms specifies on that they restrain development of united territorial communities (UTC), create the threat of them to financial possibility and assist maintenance of inequality and disproportions in development of territories and do impossible providing of steady development to the country. Such uneffective mechanism is, on our there are ideas, operating mechanism of grant of educational subvention. It is well-proven that one of reasons, that results in the deficit of educational субвенції, next to the optimized not enough network of establishments and presence of schools/of classes with small filled, there is imperfection of formula of distribution of educational субвенції that does not take into account part of envisaged normatively-legal acts Ministry of Education and Science educational services in secondary education. Thus needs a revision volumes of educational subvention and perfection of formula of distribution.
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Nhung, Nguyen Cam, Vu Thanh Huong e Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong. "The World and Vietnamese Economy in 2017, Prospects for 2018 and Some Policy Implications for Vietnam". VNU Journal of Science: Economics and Business 34, n. 1 (24 marzo 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/2588-1108/vnueab.4147.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper assesses the comprehensive macroeconomic picture of the world and Vietnam in 2017 and forecasts the outlook for 2018, and then making some policy implications for Vietnam. The world economy in 2017 is considered to be the most prosperous since 2011, thanks to the steady growth of key economies, bounced global trade, and favorable global financial conditions. However, as slow and uncertain global investment growth as well as many unpredictable factors in US government policy and Brexit, and political risks from tensions of the Korean Peninsula, 2018 will continue to witness unpredictable developments in the global economy. Faced with that situation, together with internal difficulties in the country, Vietnam should have flexible solutions, high determination and act in a drastic way in order to achieve the objectives on the economic growth and inflation as outlined. In addition, Vietnam should continue to promote the trade facilitation activities, the improvement of the business investment environment, take advantage of new opportunities to attract foreign investment capital for infrastructure construction, keep on innovating, and enhance the competitiveness to bring our economy to the path of rapid and sustainable development.
Keywords
Economic growth, inflation rate, monetary, trade, investment
References
1. Bộ Ngoại giao Việt Nam (2017). Tình hình và triển vọng kinh tế thế giới, tháng 8/2017. 2. IMF [International Monetary Fund] (2017b). World Economic Outlook update, July 2017: A firming recovery. 3. IMF (2017c). World Economic Outlook. October 2017. Seeking Sustainable Growth: Short-term Recovery, Long-term Challenges. 4. OECD [Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development ] (2017). Global Economic Outlook, Jun 2017. http://www.oecd.org/eco/economicoutlook.htm, truy cập ngày 19/09/20175. NIESR [National Institute Economic and Social Research] (2017). Global Economic Forecast. National Institute Economic Review no. 241 August 2017. 6. UNCTAD (2017). World Investment Report 2017: Investment and the Digital Economy. United Nations Publication, Genveva: United Nation. 7. Tổng cục Hải quan (2017), Tình hình xuất khẩu, nhập khẩu hàng hoá của Việt Nam tháng 8 và 8 tháng đầu năm 2017. 8. UN (2017). World Economic Situation and Prospects 2018. https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/wp-content/uploads/sites/45/publication/WESP2018_Full_Web-1.pdf.9. WTO (2017a). Monthy world trade data. Retrieved from: https://http://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/short_term_stats_e.htm 10. WTO (2017b). Report to the TPRB from the Director-General on Trade-Related Developments Geneva World Trade Organization 11. WTO (2017c). World Trade Outlook Indicator. Geneva The World Trade Organization
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Frandsen, Tove Faber, e Jeppe Nicolaisen. "Defining the unscholarly publication: a bibliometric study of uncited and barely cited publications". Scientometrics, 17 dicembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-022-04610-4.
Testo completo
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Theis-Mahon, Nicole R., e Caitlin J. Bakker. "The continued citation of retracted publications in dentistry". Journal of the Medical Library Association 108, n. 3 (1 luglio 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2020.824.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Objective: Publications are retracted for many reasons, but the continued use and citation of retracted publications presents a problem for future research. This study investigated retractions in the dental literature to understand the characteristics of retracted publications, the reasons for their retractions, and the nature and context of their citations after retraction.Methods: In September 2018, the authors identified retracted dentistry publications using the Retraction Watch database. Citations to those publications were retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science. Characteristics of retracted publications and their citations were collected, including study design, reasons for retraction, and nature of citation (positive, negative, or neutral). We used chi-square tests to determine if there were notable differences between retracted publications that were cited following retraction and those that were not, and if there were relationships between the nature of the citation, the study design of the original publication, and its reason for retraction.Results: Of the 136 retracted publications, 84 were cited after retraction. When restricted to English language, 81 retracted publications received citations from 685 publications. Only 5.4% of the citations noted the retracted status of the original publication, while 25.3% of citations were neutral and 69.3% were positive. Animal studies were more likely to be uncited after retraction, while in vitro studies and randomized controlled trials were more likely to be cited. Retracted publications that were cited negatively were more likely to have been retracted due to scientific distortion than those that were cited positively or neutrally. Retracted publications that were cited negatively were also more likely to be observational studies than those cited positively or neutrally.Conclusion: Retracted publications in dentistry are continually cited positively following their retraction, regardless of their study designs or reasons for retraction. This indicates that the continued citation of retracted publications in this field cannot be isolated to certain research methods or misconduct but is, instead, a more widespread issue.