Bibliografie tematiche / Type and effect systems

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Type and effect systems"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 19 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Type and effect systems"

Nielson, Flemming. "Annotated type and effect systems." ACM Computing Surveys 28, no. 2 (June 1996): 344–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/234528.234745.

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Seghier, Zoubida, Ambroise Diby, Vanda Voytekunas, Philip Cheang, and Marc J. M. Abadie. "Effect of filler type, content and size on the UV photocuring dental materials." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 2, no. 1 (March 15, 2008): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht02.01.015.

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A BisGMA, TEGDMA monomer mixture at weight ration 2:1 was UV-cured with CQ to form commonly used dental materials. Three types of fillers at different particle size were added at different weight concentrations. Reaction rates k, time vs rate were studied for all the systems.

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Galletta, Letterio. "An Abstract Interpretation Framework for Type and Effect Systems." Fundamenta Informaticae 134, no. 3-4 (2014): 355–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/fi-2014-1106.

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Hage, Jurriaan, and Bastiaan Heeren. "Strategies for Solving Constraints in Type and Effect Systems." Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science 236 (April 2009): 163–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.entcs.2009.03.021.

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Levy, P. M., and A. Fert. "Effect of crystal fields on the Hall effect in Kondo-type systems." Physical Review B 39, no. 16 (June 1, 1989): 12224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.39.12224.

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Aminifar, Sadegh, and Arjuna Marzuki. "Uncertainty in Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Systems." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/452780.

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This paper studies uncertainty and its effect on system response displacement. The paper also describes how IT2MFs (interval type-2 membership functions) differentiate from T1MFs (type-1 membership functions) by adding uncertainty. The effect of uncertainty is modeled clearly by introducing a technique that describes how uncertainty causes membership degree reduction and changing the fuzzy word meanings in fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs). Several criteria are discussed for the measurement of the imbalance rate of internal uncertainty and its effect on system behavior. Uncertainty removal is introduced to observe the effect of uncertainty on the output. The theorem of uncertainty avoidance is presented for describing the role of uncertainty in interval type-2 fuzzy systems (IT2FSs). Another objective of this paper is to derive a novel uncertainty measure for IT2MFs with lower complexity and clearer presentation. Finally, for proving the affectivity of novel interpretation of uncertainty in IT2FSs, several investigations are done.

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Gordon, Colin S. "Polymorphic Iterable Sequential Effect Systems." ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems 43, no. 1 (April 2021): 1–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3450272.

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Effect systems are lightweight extensions to type systems that can verify a wide range of important properties with modest developer burden. But our general understanding of effect systems is limited primarily to systems where the order of effects is irrelevant. Understanding such systems in terms of a semilattice of effects grounds understanding of the essential issues and provides guidance when designing new effect systems. By contrast, sequential effect systems—where the order of effects is important—lack an established algebraic structure on effects. We present an abstract polymorphic effect system parameterized by an effect quantale—an algebraic structure with well-defined properties that can model the effects of a range of existing sequential effect systems. We define effect quantales, derive useful properties, and show how they cleanly model a variety of known sequential effect systems. We show that for most effect quantales, there is an induced notion of iterating a sequential effect; that for systems we consider the derived iteration agrees with the manually designed iteration operators in prior work; and that this induced notion of iteration is as precise as possible when defined. We also position effect quantales with respect to work on categorical semantics for sequential effect systems, clarifying the distinctions between these systems and our own in the course of giving a thorough survey of these frameworks. Our derived iteration construct should generalize to these semantic structures, addressing limitations of that work. Finally, we consider the relationship between sequential effects and Kleene Algebras, where the latter may be used as instances of the former.

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Belyaev, M., and V. Tsesko. "LLVM-based static analysis tool using type and effect systems." Automatic Control and Computer Sciences 46, no. 7 (December 2012): 324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0146411612070073.

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Himelrick, David G., W. A. Dozier Jr, and J. R. Akridge. "EFFECT OF MULCH TYPE IN ANNUAL HILL STRAWBERRY PLASTICULTURE SYSTEMS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 348 (August 1993): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1993.348.32.

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Zyuzin, Nikita, and Aleksandar Nanevski. "Contextual modal types for algebraic effects and handlers." Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 5, ICFP (August 22, 2021): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3473580.

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Programming languages with algebraic effects often track the computations’ effects using type-and-effect systems. In this paper, we propose to view an algebraic effect theory of a computation as a variable context; consequently, we propose to track algebraic effects of a computation with contextual modal types . We develop ECMTT, a novel calculus which tracks algebraic effects by a contextualized variant of the modal □ (necessity) operator, that it inherits from Contextual Modal Type Theory (CMTT). Whereas type-and-effect systems add effect annotations on top of a prior programming language, the effect annotations in ECMTT are inherent to the language, as they are managed by programming constructs corresponding to the logical introduction and elimination forms for the □ modality. Thus, the type-and-effect system of ECMTT is actually just a type system. Our design obtains the properties of local soundness and completeness, and determines the operational semantics solely by β-reduction, as customary in other logic-based calculi. In this view, effect handlers arise naturally as a witness that one context (i.e., algebraic theory) can be reached from another, generalizing explicit substitutions from CMTT. To the best of our knowledge, ECMTT is the first system to relate algebraic effects to modal types. We also see it as a step towards providing a correspondence in the style of Curry and Howard that may transfer a number of results from the fields of modal logic and modal type theory to that of algebraic effects.

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Tesi sul tema "Type and effect systems"

Kammar, Ohad. "Algebraic theory of type-and-effect systems." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8910.

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We present a general semantic account of Gifford-style type-and-effect systems. These type systems provide lightweight static analyses annotating program phrases with the sets of possible computational effects they may cause, such as memory access and modification, exception raising, and non-deterministic choice. The analyses are used, for example, to justify the program transformations typically used in optimising compilers, such as code reordering and inlining. Despite their existence for over two decades, there is no prior comprehensive theory of type-and-effect systems accounting for their syntax and semantics, and justifying their use in effect-dependent program transformation. We achieve this generality by recourse to the theory of algebraic effects, a development of Moggi’s monadic theory of computational effects that emphasises the operations causing the effects at hand and their equational theory. The key observation is that annotation effects can be identified with the effect operations. Our first main contribution is the uniform construction of semantic models for typeand- effect analysis by a process we call conservative restriction. Our construction requires an algebraic model of the unannotated programming language and a relevant notion of predicate. It then generates a model for Gifford-style type-and-effect analysis. This uniform construction subsumes existing ad-hoc models for type-and-effect systems, and is applicable in all cases in which the semantics can be given via enriched Lawvere theories. Our second main contribution is a demonstration that our theory accounts for the various aspects of Gifford-style effect systems. We begin with a version of Levy’s Callby- push-value that includes algebraic effects. We add effect annotations, and design a general type-and-effect system for such call-by-push-value variants. The annotated language can be thought of as an intermediate representation used for program optimisation. We relate the unannotated semantics to the conservative restriction semantics, and establish the soundness of program transformations based on this effect analysis. We develop and classify a range of validated transformations, generalising many existing ones and adding some new ones. We also give modularly-checkable sufficient conditions for the validity of these optimisations. In the final part of this thesis, we demonstrate our theory by analysing a simple example language involving global state with multiple regions, exceptions, and nondeterminism. We give decision procedures for the applicability of the various effect-dependent transformations, and establish their soundness and completeness.

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Bañados, Schwerter Felipe Andrés. "Gradual typing for generic type-and-effect systems." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/116891.

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Magíster en Ciencias, Mención Computación<br>Los sistemas de tipos-y-efectos (type-and-effect systems) permiten a los programadores hacer valer invariantes y restricciones sobre los efectos secundarios que se generan durante la evaluación de un programa. Los sistemas de tipos-y-efectos consideran efectos secundarios tales como estado, excepciones y E/S, entre otros. Desafortunadamente, los sistemas de tipos-y-efectos también obligan al programador a introducir anotaciones de efectos, lo que implica un esfuerzo adicional. En la práctica, los sistemas de tipos-y-efectos no son comúnmente usados. Conjeturamos que una de las razones importantes para la limitada adopción de los sistemas de efectos son las dificultades para realizar la transición desde un sistema donde los efectos secundarios son implícitos hacia una disciplina de efectos totalmente estática. Los tipos graduales (Gradual typing) permiten a los programadores combinar la flexibilidad de los lenguajes dinámicamente tipados con las garantías provistas por los sistemas de tipos estáticos. En lenguajes con tipos graduales, las anotaciones de tipos son parte del lenguaje, pero no son obligatorias. Un sistema de tipos gradual utiliza la información disponible para proveer garantías estáticas, rechazando los programas claramente incoherentes, e introduce verificaciones en tiempo de ejecución cuando la información estática no es suficiente para aceptar o rechazar definitivamente un programa. Esta tesis demuestra que las ideas de diseño detrás de los tipos graduales pueden aplicarse a los sistemas de tipos-y-efectos, tanto para aumentar la expresividad de estos sistemas así como para proveer flexibilidad para migrar programas con efectos secundarios impl ́ıcitos e irrestrictos hacia programas con una disciplina de efectos completamente estática. Se adaptaron ideas de tipos graduales para introducir verificación gradual de efectos para sistemas de tipos-y-efectos. La verificación gradual de efectos habilita al programador para decidir dónde y cuándo introducir anotaciones de efectos, agregando verificaciones en tiempo de ejecución cuando las anotaciones estáticas son insuficientes. Para evitar redefinir la verificación gradual de efectos para cada disciplina de tipos-y-efectos, introducimos verificación gradual de efectos para una plataforma genérica de tipos-y-efectos, en la que se puede instanciar cualquier disciplina de efectos monotónica, produciendo un sistema coherente. Presentamos la verificación gradual de efectos basándonos en conceptos de interpretación abstracta para construir la verificación gradual de efectos genérica. Utilizando verificación gradual de efectos genérica, introducimos tipos graduales para sistemas de tipos-y-efectos: un sistema donde las anotaciones de efectos y de tipos no son obligatorias, y donde se introducen verificaciones en tiempo de ejecución y casts cuando la información estática no es suficiente para asegurar la coherencia de un programa. De la manera definida, los tipos graduales para sistemas de tipos-y-efectos permiten migrar desde sistemas carentes de anotaciones de efectos o de tipos hacia una disciplina estática de tipos-y-efectos de manera segura.

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Elsaidi, Abdulsalam. "Photovoltaic (PV) type solar generators and their effect on distribution systems." Thesis, University of Missouri - Kansas City, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1544928.

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<p> Distribution systems are designed to operate in radial mode (the simplest system topology) without any generation on the system, unidirectional power flow from the distribution substation to the customers via main feeder(s) and its(their) laterals within a specified range of operating points. The rapid growth of PV module installations on the distribution systems could not only offset the load but also cause a significant impact on the flow of power (active and reactive), voltage level, and fault currents, therefore; concerns about their potential impacts on the stability and operation of the power system have become one of the important issues and may create barriers to their future expansion. The most likely potential impact of the high PV penetration level is losing the voltage regulation, because it is directly related to the amount of reverse power flow. The main goal of this thesis is to approximate the maximum level of PV penetration which the system can accommodate without any impact on the voltage profile, stability, and operation. </p>

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Pirie, John. "New developments to Skalpel : a type error slicing method for explaining errors in type and effect systems." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2957.

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Type error reports provide programmers with a description of type errors which exist in their code. Such descriptions are frequently of poor quality, as they often present just one point in the program, rather than all locations in the code which contribute to that type error. Skalpel is a type error report system for the Standard ML language which tackles this problem, by presenting all and only the locations in the program which contribute to the type error. While the original Skalpel gives substantially better error reports than comparable systems, it has a number of limitations such as a lack of support for language features and poor efficiency. In this research we have made a number of contributions, including a full critique of both the Skalpel core theoretical system and its extensions, support for the remaining features of Standard ML, an analysis and improvements to the efficiency, and an investigation for the first time on Skalpel’s theoretical properties.

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Koeppel, Gaudenz Alesch. "Reliability considerations of future energy systems : multi-carrier systems and the effect of energy storage /." Zürich : ETH, 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17058.

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James, M. S. "Use of whiskers as model systems for studying surface barriers in type II superconductors." Thesis, University of Bath, 2000. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311247.

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Lott, Leslie. "Primary Systems and Voter Turnout: Measuring the Institutional Effect of Primary Type on Voter Turnout." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2009. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/956.

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Using the 1990, 1994 and 1998 Congressional mid-term elections, this study looks at whether the type of primary system in a person's state has an effect on whether or not that person will vote in the general election. The five types of primary systems (closed, semi-closed, semiopen, open and blanket) are explained as well as traditional factors for likelihood of voting. It is hypothesized that the more closed the primary system, the less likely a person is to vote. Data analysis shows that when significant, living in an open primary state does significantly increase the likelihood that a person will vote. However, primary type was significant in only six of the nine models studied here.

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Ng, H. N. Elaine. "Effects of noise type on speech understanding." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37990159.

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Ng, H. N. Elaine, and 吳凱寧. "Effects of noise type on speech understanding." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37990159.

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McGeorge, Nicolette M. "The effect of training, aim pattern and target type on the ergonomics and efficiency of handheld scanners /." Online version of thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10643.

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Libri sul tema "Type and effect systems"

Albrecht, Fleckenstein, ed. Cardiovascular effects of dihydropyridine-type calcium antagonists and agonists. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1985.

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Meat Science Research Laboratory (Beltsville, Md.). Bone, cartilage and connective tissue: Effects of quantity, type and removal systems for ground beef : final report. Beltsville, Md: The Laboratory, 1985.

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Beaser, Richard S. Outsmarting diabetes: A dynamic approach for reducing the effects of insulin-dependent diabetes. Minneapolis, MN: Chronimed Pub., 1994.

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The oxblood effect. Waterville, Me: Thorndike Press, 2008.

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The Casimir effect in critical systems. Singapore: World Scientific, 1994.

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I, Schwartzbach Michael, ed. Object-oriented type systems. Chichester: Wiley, 1994.

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Nilles, Matthew L., and Danielle L. Jessen Condry, eds. Type 3 Secretion Systems. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6649-3.

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Magahy, E. H. The effect of executive information systems on organisations. Wolverhampton: Wolverhampton Polytechnic, 1990.

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S, Simeonov P., ed. Systems with impulse effect: Stability, theory, and applications. Chichester [England]: Ellis Horwood, 1989.

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Shah, Suril Vijaykumar. Dynamics of Tree-Type Robotic Systems. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Type and effect systems"

Nielson, Flemming, and Hanne Riis Nielson. "Type and Effect Systems." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 114–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48092-7_6.

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Nielson, Flemming, Hanne Riis Nielson, and Chris Hankin. "Type and Effect Systems." In Principles of Program Analysis, 283–363. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03811-6_5.

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Eo, Hyunjun, Ik-Soon Kim, and Kwangkeun Yi. "Type and Effect System for Multi-staged Exceptions." In Programming Languages and Systems, 61–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11924661_4.

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Lu, Yi, John Potter, Chenyi Zhang, and Jingling Xue. "A Type and Effect System for Determinism in Multithreaded Programs." In Programming Languages and Systems, 518–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28869-2_26.

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Mahesh, Vishnu, Yueqing Li, and Brian Craig. "Effect of Motion Type and Inclination on Muscle Activity and Edema." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 335–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60825-9_36.

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Kura, Satoshi. "A General Semantic Construction of Dependent Refinement Type Systems, Categorically." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 406–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71995-1_21.

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AbstractDependent refinement types are types equipped with predicates that specify preconditions and postconditions of underlying functional languages. We propose a general semantic construction of dependent refinement type systems from underlying type systems and predicate logic, that is, a construction of liftings of closed comprehension categories from given (underlying) closed comprehension categories and posetal fibrations for predicate logic. We give sufficient conditions to lift structures such as dependent products, dependent sums, computational effects, and recursion from the underlying type systems to dependent refinement type systems. We demonstrate the usage of our construction by giving semantics to a dependent refinement type system and proving soundness.

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Yang, Aileen, Kristian Fredrik Nikolaisen, Sverre Holøs, Kari Thunshelle, Franck René Dauge, and Mads Mysen. "Effect of Filter Type in Ventilation Systems on NO2 Concentrations in Classrooms." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 911–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00662-4_77.

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Fujisaki, Kiyotaka, and Yuki Yoshigai. "Effect of Parasitic Coil on Communication Performance on Table Type 13.56 MHz RFID Reader." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 479–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57811-4_48.

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Malcik, Martin, and Miroslava Miklosikova. "Effect of an Emotional Video on Skin Conductance Response of Respondents in Dependence on Personality Type." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 266–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73210-7_32.

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Kurisu, Makio, Toshiro Takabatake, and Hironobu Fujii. "Effect of Pressure on the Electrical Resistivity of a Gap-Type Valence Fluctuating Compound CeNiSn." In Transport and Thermal Properties of f-Electron Systems, 265–69. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2868-5_27.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Type and effect systems"

Long, Yuheng, and Hridesh Rajan. "A type-and-effect system for asynchronous, typed events." In Modularity '16: 15th International Conference on Modularity. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2889443.2889446.

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Wang, Bo, Yung-Sup Shin, and Eric Norris. "Hull Deformation Effect on Membrane-Type LNG Containment Systems." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54903.

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The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between the maximum allowable hull deformation, which includes global elongation and local deflection, and the capacity of the CCS in membrane-type LNG vessels. The LNG CCS mainly consists of the primary barrier (e.g. a corrugated membrane for GTT MK III system and an invar membrane for GTT NO 96 system) and the insulation panel which is attached to the inner hull through mastics or couplers. The excessive hull elongation due to dynamic wave loads may cause fatigue damage of the primary barrier. Thus, the maximum allowable hull elongation (global deformation) can be determined based on the fatigue strength of the primary barrier. On the other hand, the excessive hull deflection due to cargo or ballast water pressure may cause failure of the insulation panel and the mastic. Therefore, the maximum allowable hull deflection (local deformation) in the hull design can be determined based on the strength of the insulation panel and the mastic. In the present paper, the determination of fatigue life vs. strain curves of materials has been summarized for the primary barrier. Fatigue curves based on either structural fatigue tests or standard specimen tests can be applied in fatigue assessment of a primary barrier. As an example, the finite element (FE) analysis has been conducted on the MK III CCS with the hull structure under pressure loads. Two different load cases including full load and ballast load conditions have been considered to evaluate the structural integrity of the insulation system in numerical simulations. FE results show that the mechanical behavior of the insulation system and the mastic under the maximum allowable hull deflection has been examined based on the yielding strength of each individual component. Finally, the complete procedure to determine the maximum allowable hull elongation and the maximum allowable hull deflection has been developed for meeting the requirements of containment system design for membrane-type LNG carriers.

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Marino, Daniel, and Todd Millstein. "A generic type-and-effect system." In the 4th international workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1481861.1481868.

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Font, Aytug, Alper Kara, and Ozcan Kalenderli. "Effect of Electrode Type on Arc Flash Testings for AC Systems." In Power and Energy Systems. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2012.768-038.

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Zhu, Biwen, David B. Kaber, Maryam Zahabi, and Janet Ma. "Effect of feedback type and modality on human motivation." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smc.2017.8123057.

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Giannini, Paola, Marco Servetto, and Elena Zucca. "A type and effect system for sharing." In SAC 2017: Symposium on Applied Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3019612.3019890.

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Flanagan, Cormac, and Shaz Qadeer. "A type and effect system for atomicity." In the ACM SIGPLAN 2003 conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/781131.781169.

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Gieschke, P., Y. Nurcahyo, M. Herrmann, M. Kuhl, P. Ruther, and O. Paul. "CMOS Integrated Stress Mapping Chips with 32 N-Type or P-Type Piezoresistive Field Effect Transistors." In 2009 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memsys.2009.4805496.

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Kashtiban, A. M., A. Vahedi, and A. Halvaei. "Investigation of winding type effect on leakage flux of single phase shell type transformer using FEM." In Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icems.2005.202860.

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Grunwald, John J., Chava Gal, Marc T. Aronhime, Sigalit Eidelman, Donald W. Johnson, and Eitan Shalom. "The Effect Of Sensitizer Chemistry On Decarboxylation-Type Image Reversal Systems." In 1989 Microlithography Conferences, edited by Elsa Reichmanis. SPIE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.953025.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Type and effect systems"

Bodie, Mark, Michael Parker, Alexander Stott, and Bruce Elder. Snow-covered obstacles’ effect on vehicle mobility. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38839.

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The Mobility in Complex Environments project used unmanned aerial systems (UAS) to identify obstacles and to provide path planning in forward operational locations. The UAS were equipped with remote-sensing devices, such as photogrammetry and lidar, to identify obstacles. The path-planning algorithms incorporated the detected obstacles to then identify the fastest and safest vehicle routes. Future algorithms should incorporate vehicle characteristics as each type of vehicle will perform differently over a given obstacle, resulting in distinctive optimal paths. This study explored the effect of snow-covered obstacles on dynamic vehicle response. Vehicle tests used an instrumented HMMWV (high mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicle) driven over obstacles with and without snow cover. Tests showed a 45% reduction in normal force variation and a 43% reduction in body acceleration associated with a 14.5 cm snow cover. To predict vehicle body acceleration and normal force response, we developed two quarter-car models: rigid terrain and deformable snow terrain quarter-car models. The simple quarter models provided reasonable agreement with the vehicle test data. We also used the models to analyze the effects of vehicle parameters, such as ground pressure, to understand the effect of snow cover on vehicle response.

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Heintze, Nevin. Control-Flow Analysis and Type Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada289338.

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Mitchell, John C. Advances in Type Systems for Computing. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada310227.

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Liblit, Ben, and Alexander Aiken. Type Systems for Distributed Data Structures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada603881.

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Osipov, G. S., and N. S. Vashakidze. Computer simulation of mixed-type queuing systems. "The development of science in the era of digitalization: problems, trends, forecasts. ", 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/ns-mon-24-2019.

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Coutts, David Allan. The effect of spacer ribs on Ledinegg type flow instabilities. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10185101.

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Volpano, Dennis M. A Critique of Type Systems for Global Overloading. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada278800.

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Fleming, James W., Bradley A. Williams, and Ronald S. Sheinson. Suppression effectiveness of aerosols: The effect of size and flame type. National Institute of Standards and Technology, January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.984.4.

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Bahri, Abbas, and Paul H. Rabinowitz. Periodic Solutions of Hamiltonian Systems of 3-Body Type. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada212891.

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X. Z. Tang. Finite Amplitude Instability in Takens-Bogdanov-type Dynamical Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2384.

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