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1
Brandl, Bernd, e Barbara Bechter. "The hybridization of national collective bargaining systems: The impact of the economic crisis on the transformation of collective bargaining in the European Union". Economic and Industrial Democracy 40, n. 3 (23 gennaio 2018): 469–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x17748199.
Abstract (sommario):
In this article it is argued that the economic crisis has made national collective bargaining systems increasingly multi-layered, perforated and dynamically unstable, i.e. hybrid. The authors explain these transformations in terms of the concomitance of two different sources of change which do not necessarily follow the same logics. The first source stems from national systems’ endogenous logic of path dependency and the second from pressure to reform in accordance with exogenously applied strategies and logics. It is argued that these sources act like a whipsaw, pushing and pulling national collective bargaining systems between the two logics, leading to hybrid collective bargaining systems.
2
Davis-Sikora, Diane, Rui Liu e Linda Ohrn-McDaniel. "BETA_S PAVILION". Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures 63, n. 2 (1 giugno 2022): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2022.010.
Abstract (sommario):
BeTA_S pavilion is a 2.13m (7 ft) tall free-standing installation that employs biotensegrity logics characterized by networks of interconnected components and tendons with a shape adaptive capacity. The passively stable assembly responds to human touch through vibrational motion. The pavilion introduces a novel hybrid structural system with a two-way surface derived from a catenary archway composed of 385 regular tetrahedron modules connected in series by bands of pre-stressed CNC knit textile strips. Each tetrahedron consists of bending-active GFRP rods linked by custom 3D printed polylactide connectors. The pavilion's double layered surface is hydrophobic, using yarn made from recycled plastic bottles.
3
Liu, B., X. X. Ren, Xian Zhang, Ping Li, Y. Dong e Zhi-Xin Guo. "Electric field tunable multi-state tunnel magnetoresistances in 2D van der Waals magnetic heterojunctions". Applied Physics Letters 122, n. 15 (10 aprile 2023): 152408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0139076.
Abstract (sommario):
Magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) based on van der Waals (vdW) magnetic layers has been found to present excellent tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) property, which has great potential applications in field sensing, nonvolatile magnetic random access memories, and spin logics. Although MTJs composed of multilayer vdW magnetic homojunction have been extensively investigated, the ones composed of vdW magnetic heterojunction are still to be explored. Here, we use first-principles approaches to reveal that the magnetic heterojunction MTJs have much more distinguishable TMR values than the homojunction ones. In the MTJ composed of bilayer CrI3/bilayer Cr2Ge2Te6 heterojunction, we find there are eight stable magnetic states, leading to six distinguishable electronic resistances. As a result, five sizable TMRs larger than 300% can be obtained (the maximum TMR is up to 620 000%). Six distinguishable memories are obtained, which is two times larger than that of a four-layered homojunction MTJ. The underlying relationships among magnetic state, spin-polarized band structures, and transmission spectra are further revealed to explain the multiple TMR values. We also find that the magnetic states, and thus TMRs, can be efficiently modulated by an external electric field. This study opens an avenue to the design of high-performance MTJ devices based on vdW heterojunctions.
4
Correia, Jorge, e Muath Taher. "Traditional Islamic cities unveiled: the quest for urban design regularity". Gremium 2, n. 4 (1 agosto 2015): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.56039/rgn04a04.
Abstract (sommario):
Traditional Islamic cities have generally gathered orientalized gazes and perspectives, picking up from misconceptions and stereotypes that evolved during the seconf half of the 19th century and were perpectuated by colonialism. More recent scholarship has shed light on the urban organization and composition of such tissues; most of them confined to old quarters or historical centres of thriving contemporary cities within the Arab-Muslim world. In fact, one of the most striking features has been the unveiling of layered urban assemblages where exterior agents have somehow launched or interrupted an apparent islamicized continuum. Primarly, this paper wishes to search for external political factors that have designed regularly geometrized patterns in medium-sized Arab towns. For that, two case studies from different geographies - Maghreb and the Near East - will be morphologically analysed through updated urban surveys. Whereas Nablus (Palestine) ows the urban matrix of its old town to its Roman past, in Azemmour’s medina (Morocco) it is still possible to track the thin European early-modern colonial stratum. However, both cases show how regularity patterns challenge Western concepts of geometrical design to embrace levels of rationality related to tradional Islamic urban forms, societal configurations and built environment. Urban morphology becomes a fundamental tool for articulating the history with me processes of sedimentation and evolution in order to read current urban prints and dynamics. Thus, the paper will also interpret alternative logics of rational urban display in Azemmour and Nablus, linked to ways of living within the Islamic sphere.
5
Kim, Kwang Baek. "Cloud-Type Classification by Two-Layered Fuzzy Logic". International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems 13, n. 1 (30 marzo 2013): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5391/ijfis.2013.13.1.67.
6
Su, Guohui, Xing Wu, Wenqi Tong e Chungang Duan. "Two-Dimensional Layered Materials-Based Spintronics". SPIN 05, n. 04 (dicembre 2015): 1540011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010324715400111.
Abstract (sommario):
The recent emergence of two-dimensional (2D) layered materials — graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides — opens a new avenue for exploring the internal quantum degrees of freedom of electrons and their potential for new electronics. Here, we provide a brief review of experimental achievements concerning electrical spin injection, spin transport, graphene nanoribbons spintronics and transition metal dichalcogenides spin and pseudospins. Future research in 2D layered materials spintronics will need to address the development of applications such as spin transistors and spin logic devices, as well as exotic physical properties including pseudospins-valley phenomena in graphene and other 2D materials.
7
Jong-Hwan Kim, Jong-Hwan Park, Seon-Woo Lee e E. K. P. Chong. "A two-layered fuzzy logic controller for systems with deadzones". IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 41, n. 2 (aprile 1994): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/41.293875.
8
Liau, Teh Chau, Jin Jei Wu, Jian Qi Shen e Tzong Jer Yang. "Photonic Logic Gate Design Based on Frequency-Sensitive Optical Response of an EIT Photonic Crystal". Advanced Materials Research 301-303 (luglio 2011): 402–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.301-303.402.
Abstract (sommario):
The frequency-sensitive optical response due to two-photon resonance of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a tunable band structure of an EIT-based layered medium is considered. The unit cells of this periodic layered structure are composed of dielectric (e.g., GaAs) and EIT atomic vapor. The frequency-sensitive behavior of controllable reflectance and transmittance depending on the external control field can be applicable to new device design (e.g., it can serve as the fundamental working mechanism for photonic switches and photonic logic gates). Some two-input logic gates (e.g., OR and NAND gates) are designed based on the present effect of sensitive switching control that results from the two-photon resonance.
9
Zhao, Yaning, e Chengyi Xia. "Crash behavior modeling and analysis on two interdependent networks". Modern Physics Letters B 35, n. 11 (17 febbraio 2021): 2150182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984921501827.
Abstract (sommario):
In real-world systems, one random failure or targeted attack may lead to the cascading destruction within a system, and even create the systemic collapse among multiple correlated ones. With the help of network science, modeling the cascade failure on complex networks has become a challenging topic. In this paper, we put forward an improved cascading model on two interdependent networks to further explore the impact of the specific detachment logic on the system collapse, where the distinct condition to leave the system for a pair of nodes exists on the two-layered networks. Meanwhile, once the detachment logic is satisfied, two different criteria are adopted to determine whether this pair of nodes will leave the interdependent networks. Through extensive numerical simulations, we analyze the effects of detachment logic, network topology, departure criteria and nodal coupling relationship between layers in detail. It is found that in our detachment logic, both criteria will render the whole system to exhibit the phenomenon of pseudo-steady state and sudden collapse. In particular, two critical thresholds to characterize the evolution of system crashing emerge, which is different from previous findings under other detachment logic conditions on two-layered networks. Current results are conducive to further understanding the crashing behaviors of interdependent networks and designing the more robust networked systems in practice.
10
Scott, Joseph, Maysum Panju e Vijay Ganesh. "LGML: Logic Guided Machine Learning (Student Abstract)". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, n. 10 (3 aprile 2020): 13909–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i10.7227.
Abstract (sommario):
We introduce Logic Guided Machine Learning (LGML), a novel approach that symbiotically combines machine learning (ML) and logic solvers to learn mathematical functions from data. LGML consists of two phases, namely a learning-phase and a logic-phase with a corrective feedback loop, such that, the learning-phase learns symbolic expressions from input data, and the logic-phase cross verifies the consistency of the learned expression with known auxiliary truths. If inconsistent, the logic-phase feeds back "counterexamples" to the learning-phase. This process is repeated until the learned expression is consistent with auxiliary truth. Using LGML, we were able to learn expressions that correspond to the Pythagorean theorem and the sine function, with several orders of magnitude improvements in data efficiency compared to an approach based on an out-of-the-box multi-layered perceptron (MLP).
11
Sharma, Richa, Prerna Gaur e A. P. Mittal. "Design of two-layered fractional order fuzzy logic controllers applied to robotic manipulator with variable payload". Applied Soft Computing 47 (ottobre 2016): 565–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2016.05.043.
12
Kumar, Vineet, e K. P. S. Rana. "Comments on “Design of two-layered fractional order fuzzy logic controllers applied to robotic manipulator with variable payload”". Applied Soft Computing 51 (febbraio 2017): 145–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2016.11.035.
13
Raheja, Supriya. "Designing of Vague Logic Based 2-Layered Framework for CPU Scheduler". Advances in Fuzzy Systems 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2784067.
Abstract (sommario):
Fuzzy based CPU scheduler has become of great interest by operating system because of its ability to handle imprecise information associated with task. This paper introduces an extension to the fuzzy based round robin scheduler to a Vague Logic Based Round Robin (VBRR) scheduler. VBRR scheduler works on 2-layered framework. At the first layer, scheduler has a vague inference system which has the ability to handle the impreciseness of task using vague logic. At the second layer, Vague Logic Based Round Robin (VBRR) scheduling algorithm works to schedule the tasks. VBRR scheduler has the learning capability based on which scheduler adapts intelligently an optimum length for time quantum. An optimum time quantum reduces the overhead on scheduler by reducing the unnecessary context switches which lead to improve the overall performance of system. The work is simulated using MATLAB and compared with the conventional round robin scheduler and the other two fuzzy based approaches to CPU scheduler. Given simulation analysis and results prove the effectiveness and efficiency of VBRR scheduler.
14
Vieira, M., M. A. Vieira, P. Louro, A. Fantoni, V. Silva e M. Barata. "SiC multilayer photonic structures with self optical bias amplification". MRS Proceedings 1426 (2012): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.887.
Abstract (sommario):
ABSTRACTStacked layered pin a-SiC/a-Si devices based on a filter design are approached from a reconfigurable point of view. This paper shows that a double SiC/Si pin photodiode can be de-composed into two photonic active filters changeable in function. Reconfiguration is provided by optical control signals to the optoelectronic front and back pin building blocks. Depending on the wavelength and irradiation side of the external optical bias the device acts either as a short- and a long- pass band filter or as a band-stop filter, amplifying or rejecting a specific wavelength range. Particular attention is given to the amplification coefficient weights, which allow taking into account the wavelength background effects. We illustrate these effects in detail and discuss the filters transfer function characteristics. We present examples of filters and we propose a reconfigurable device for directed optical logic. An algorithm to decode the information is presented. An optoelectronic model supports the optoelectronic logic architecture.
15
Jiang, Jing Jie, Hua Qing Tan e Bo Yao. "A Multi-Platform Compatible and Open Software Architecture for Computer Numerical Control Systems". Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (febbraio 2012): 430–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.430.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. By analyzing the current open software architectures for PC-based master-slave Computer Numerical Control(CNC) systems and soft-CNC systems, this paper put forward a multi-platform compatible open software architecture for the two types of CNC systems. The architecture is composed by five different function layers: CNC presentation Layer, CNC Business Layer, CNC Data Layer, NC Interface Layer and NCK Layer. Firstly, the WPF and the MVVM pattern decouple the User Interface (UI) presentation and business logic. Secondly, the component technology is used to decouple the business logic and Numerical Control(NC) functions. Thirdly, the implementation of NC tasks is put into non-RT environment and RT environment. The experiment results of developing the application based on the architecture show that the layered software architecture improves the maintenance and development efficiency, and running the application in the “non-RT+RT” environment proves that the architecture is available for PC-based master-slave CNC systems and soft-CNC systems.
16
Sharma, Rohit, Radhapiyari Laishram, Bipin Kumar Gupta, Ritu Srivastva e Om Prakash Sinha. "A Review on MX2 (M = Mo, W and X = S, Se) layered material for opto-electronic devices". Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 13, n. 2 (18 maggio 2022): 023001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ac5cb6.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract After discovering the steppingstone of two-dimensional (2D) materials, i.e. graphene, researchers are keen to explore the world of 2D materials beyond graphene for new frontiers and challenges. Due to bandgap limitation, graphene does not fit for the logic and optoelectronic applications which need well defined on/off ratio. Recently, single-layer (SL) and few-layer (FL) transition metal dichalcogenides have emerged as a new family of layered materials with great interest, not only for the fundamental point of view, but also due to its potential application in ultrathin modern devices. As the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have a direct bandgap in their single layer, which falls under the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum and has better physical and chemical properties, making them a suitable candidate for logic and optoelectronic applications. This review includes the recent extensive development on the synthesis and transfer strategies of MX2 (M = Mo, W and X = S, Se) 2D nanostructures of semiconducting TMDs. Further, this review covers the electronic and optoelectronic applications of these nanostructures along with progress in Van der Waal structures. The advantage and unambiguity of these materials are also discussed.
17
Lee, Ju-Ah, Jongwon Yoon, Seungkwon Hwang, Hyunsang Hwang, Jung-Dae Kwon, Seung-Ki Lee e Yonghun Kim. "Integrated Logic Circuits Based on Wafer-Scale 2D-MoS2 FETs Using Buried-Gate Structures". Nanomaterials 13, n. 21 (30 ottobre 2023): 2870. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13212870.
Abstract (sommario):
Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) materials, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), stand out due to their atomically thin layered structure and exceptional electrical properties. Consequently, they could potentially become one of the main materials for future integrated high-performance logic circuits. However, the local back-gate-based MoS2 transistors on a silicon substrate can lead to the degradation of electrical characteristics. This degradation is caused by the abnormal effect of gate sidewalls, leading to non-uniform field controllability. Therefore, the buried-gate-based MoS2 transistors where the gate electrodes are embedded into the silicon substrate are fabricated. The several device parameters such as field-effect mobility, on/off current ratio, and breakdown voltage of gate dielectric are dramatically enhanced by field-effect mobility (from 0.166 to 1.08 cm2/V·s), on/off current ratio (from 4.90 × 105 to 1.52 × 107), and breakdown voltage (from 15.73 to 27.48 V) compared with a local back-gate-based MoS2 transistor, respectively. Integrated logic circuits, including inverters, NAND, NOR, AND, and OR gates, were successfully fabricated by 2-inch wafer-scale through the integration of a buried-gate MoS2 transistor array.
18
Verzhbitskiy, Ivan, e Goki Eda. "Electrostatic control of magnetism: Emergent opportunities with van der Waals materials". Applied Physics Letters 121, n. 6 (8 agosto 2022): 060501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0107329.
Abstract (sommario):
Since the first reports on the observation of magnetic order in atomically thin crystals of FePS3, CrI3, and CrGeTe3 in 2016 and 2017, there has been a greatly renewed interest in the magnetism of van der Waals (vdW) layered magnets. Due to their dimensionality and structure, ultrathin vdW magnets offer tantalizing prospects for electrostatic control of magnetism for energy-efficient spintronic logic and memory devices. Recent demonstrations revealed unusually high susceptibility of some vdW magnets to electrostatic fields and shed light on a path to room temperature devices, a long-standing goal in spintronics research. In this Perspective, we discuss the potential of different classes of vdW magnets for electrostatic control of magnetism by comparing their properties with those of non-vdW magnets such as dilute magnetic III–V semiconductors and perovskite manganites that have been intensively studied in the past two decades.
19
Hasan, Dhafar Fakhry, e AdulSattar Mohammed Khidhir. "Toward enhancement of deep learning techniques using fuzzy logic: a survey". International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, n. 3 (1 giugno 2023): 3041. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i3.pp3041-3055.
Abstract (sommario):
<p class="IEEEAbtract"><span lang="EN-US">Deep learning has emerged recently as a type of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), it usually imitates the human way in gaining a particular knowledge type. Deep learning is considered an essential data science element, which comprises predictive modeling and statistics. Deep learning makes the processes of collecting, interpreting, and analyzing big data easier and faster. Deep neural networks are kind of ML models, where the non-linear processing units are layered for the purpose of extracting particular features from the inputs. Actually, the training process of similar networks is very expensive and it also depends on the used optimization method, hence optimal results may not be provided. The techniques of deep learning are also vulnerable to data noise. For these reasons, fuzzy systems are used to improve the performance of deep learning algorithms, especially in combination with neural networks. Fuzzy systems are used to improve the representation accuracy of deep learning models. This survey paper reviews some of the deep learning based fuzzy logic models and techniques that were presented and proposed in the previous studies, where fuzzy logic is used to improve deep learning performance. The approaches are divided into two categories based on how both of the samples are combined. Furthermore, the models' practicality in the actual world is revealed.</span></p>
20
Zhou, Wenhan, Jiayi Chen, Pengxiang Bai, Shiying Guo, Shengli Zhang, Xiufeng Song, Li Tao e Haibo Zeng. "Two-Dimensional Pnictogen for Field-Effect Transistors". Research 2019 (30 ottobre 2019): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2019/1046329.
Abstract (sommario):
Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials hold great promise for various future electronic and optoelectronic devices that traditional semiconductors cannot afford. 2D pnictogen, group-VA atomic sheet (including phosphorene, arsenene, antimonene, and bismuthene) is believed to be a competitive candidate for next-generation logic devices. This is due to their intriguing physical and chemical properties, such as tunable midrange bandgap and controllable stability. Since the first black phosphorus field-effect transistor (FET) demo in 2014, there has been abundant exciting research advancement on the fundamental properties, preparation methods, and related electronic applications of 2D pnictogen. Herein, we review the recent progress in both material and device aspects of 2D pnictogen FETs. This includes a brief survey on the crystal structure, electronic properties and synthesis, or growth experiments. With more device orientation, this review emphasizes experimental fabrication, performance enhancing approaches, and configuration engineering of 2D pnictogen FETs. At the end, this review outlines current challenges and prospects for 2D pnictogen FETs as a potential platform for novel nanoelectronics.
21
Knight, Adam. "Basket Case: Reform and China’s Social Credit Law". China Law and Society Review 6, n. 2 (17 marzo 2023): 181–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25427466-06020003.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The social credit system (scs) has become a cornerstone of China’s drive toward informatization in pursuit of its governance goals. Its definition and scope, two decades in the making, have evolved dramatically over time, however. What began as a financial tool for the stimulation of market-based activity has been applied in a broader regulatory context as well as in the propagation of a state-arbitered moral-legal agenda. Layered on top of these sometimes conflicting ambitions has been a persistent tension in central-local implementation, further complicating rollout of the system. Domestic criticism of the scs in policy and academic circles has led to a clamor for reform, culminating in the publication of a number of clarificatory documents, including a draft version of a Social Credit Law in November 2022. This article provides a genealogy of this new law, exploring the origins and evolution of the scs and its governing legal logic.
22
Cappuccilli, Eleonora. "Saints and Sanctity for Critical Times: the Hagiography of Caterina da Racconigi". Acta ad archaeologiam et artium historiam pertinentia 35, n. 21 N.S. (17 aprile 2024): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/acta.11396.
Abstract (sommario):
The hagiography of the prophet and Dominican tertiary Caterina da Racconigi (1476-1547) is an impressive testimony of the construction of sanctity in sixteenth-century Italy. The hagiographic narrative responds to the often-contrasting needs of the common people disappointed by the corrupt clergy and seeking a path to salvation; to the clergy that strove to revive popular devotion; and to some parts of the humanist circles, looking for an answer to the religious and intellectual doubt that especially originated after the Reformation. Through the analysis of some passages of the two extant hagiographies of Caterina da Racconigi – Vitta et legenda, written by Caterina’s confessors, and Compendio delle cose mirabili, written by the philosopher Gianfrancesco Pico della Mirandola – this article examinates the multi-layered meanings attributed to sanctity during the religious crisis of the sixteenth century. Reform, intellectual and religious doubt and certainty, and human freedom emerge as fundamental pillars of the hagiographic logic that shaped the language of sanctity.
23
Sharma, Richa, Prerna Gaur e A. P. Mittal. "Corrigendum to “Design of two-layered fractional order fuzzy logic controllers applied to robotic manipulator with variable payload” [Appl. Soft Comput. 47 (2016) 565–576]". Applied Soft Computing 51 (febbraio 2017): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2016.11.004.
24
Zhou, Tong, Meng Zhang, Xingxing Wu, Wenzhi Hou e Lei Yu. "Assistant Teaching of Hurdle Technology Based on Mobile Communication Multimedia Technology and MVP Theory". Mobile Information Systems 2022 (26 settembre 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3083169.
Abstract (sommario):
In order to solve the problem that multimedia technology cannot give full play to its technical advantages, a method of assisted teaching in hurdle technology based on mobile communication multimedia and MVP theory is proposed. In this mode, the system adopts a layered structure design, which can reduce the coupling between modules, realize the reuse of platform business logic code, and improve the maintainability of the entire system. The average technical evaluation score of the experimental class was 89.28, and that of the control class was 80.64. Meanwhile, the standard deviation was lower than that of the control class. A lower standard deviation indicates that the sample data is less distributed and that the population value is closer to the mean. That is to say, the technical evaluation scores of the experimental class were generally in the middle, and there was a significant difference between the two classes ( P < 0.05 ). The results of the pilot study showed that with the aid of mobile communication multimedia teaching technology, students’ interest in preventing technology learning is increasing, verifying the validity of the experiment.
25
Załuski, Wojciech. "Remarks on Giovanni Sartor's Paper, The Logic of Proportionality: Reasoning with Non-Numerical Magnitudes". German Law Journal 14, n. 8 (1 agosto 2013): 1457–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200002340.
Abstract (sommario):
In his brilliant paper The Logic of Proportionality: Reasoning with Non-Numerical Magnitudes, Professor Sartor provides a multi-layered analysis of proportionality based on a model of teleological reasoning governed by value-norms, arguing that this kind of reasoning is quantitative but non-numerical, i.e., operates on magnitudes to which no symbolic numerals are assigned. The analysis pursued by Professor Sartor can be divided into three parts. In the first part, drawing on the theory of bounded rationality, Professor Sartor develops a model of teleological reasoning (of which proportionality reasoning is a special case) distinguishing its four stages: Value-adoption, goal-adoption, plan-adoption, and action-adoption. In the second part, he introduces and develops in great and illuminating detail a distinction between value-norms and action-norms. In the third—main—part, Professor Sartor makes the basic claim of his paper that proportionality reasoning (i.e., reasoning aimed at establishing whether a given legislative norm interfering with some constitutionally protected right is “proportional”), involving the assessment of the impact of choices upon relevant values, is quantitative but not based on numerical magnitudes, and develops a conceptual framework for reconstructing this reasoning and explicating its constituent elements (suitability, necessity, and balancing in the strict sense). Each of these parts abounds with valuable analyses and precious insights and would deserve a separate commentary, yet I shall confine myself mainly to the analysis of the third part, in which he develops his basic claim. I shall focus in the first place on two interpretive problems my reading of Professor Sartor's paper has given rise to, though some of my remarks will concern also more technical matters.
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Freistein, Katja, e Frank Gadinger. "Populist stories of honest men and proud mothers: A visual narrative analysis". Review of International Studies 46, n. 2 (9 dicembre 2019): 217–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210519000421.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractThis article proposes the methodological framework of visual narrative analysis through the study of images and narratives. We are interested in the appeal of political storytelling. In applying an approach of layered interpretation, we study images and slogans to consider the more complex underlying narratives in their political and cultural context. Our exploratory case studies draw on material from right-wing populist parties, namely election campaign posters from Germany and the UK as material for the analysis. We find that narratives operate with a ‘fantasmatic logic’, which adds fantasy to politics, to depoliticise and camouflage their radical intent and gain approval by making consent desirable. We identify two exemplary narratives (honest men under threat; proud mothers) that entrench traditional gender roles in accordance with patriarchy and nationalism. Theoretically, our approach contributes to debates in IR on cultural underpinnings in international politics and the construction of collective identities through shared/divided narratives. Visual narrative analysis provides a promising methodological tool for analysing visual representations in their productive relationship with text. This perspective foregrounds the power of political storytelling through fantasmatic appeal and fosters a better understanding of the global rise of populism.
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Santos, João, e Ricardo Rocha. "A team-based scheduling model for interfacing or-parallel prolog engines". Computer Science and Information Systems 11, n. 4 (2014): 1435–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis131025050s.
Abstract (sommario):
Logic Programming languages, such as Prolog, offer a great potential for the exploitation of implicit parallelism. One of the most noticeable sources of implicit parallelism in Prolog programs is or-parallelism. Or-parallelism arises from the simultaneous evaluation of a subgoal call against the clauses that match that call. Nowadays, multicores and clusters of multicores are becoming the norm and, although, many parallel Prolog systems have been developed in the past, to the best of our knowledge, none of them was specially designed to explore the combination of shared and distributed memory architectures. Conceptually, an or-parallel Prolog system consists of two components: an or-parallel engine (i.e., a set of independent Prolog engines which we named a team of workers) and a scheduler. In this work, we propose a team-based scheduling model to efficiently exploit parallelism between different or-parallel engines running on top of clusters of multicores. Our proposal defines a layered approach where a second-level scheduler specifies a clean interface for scheduling work between the base or-parallel engines, thus enabling different scheduling combinations to be used for distributing work among workers inside a team and among teams.
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Kang, Joohoon. "Electrochemically Exfoliated Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Electronics". Ceramist 25, n. 4 (31 dicembre 2022): 427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31613/ceramist.2022.25.4.05.
Abstract (sommario):
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have been considered as a promising materials platform for next-generation electronics due to their unique electronic, optical, and mechanical properties. Since the first graphene exfoliation method has been reported, other layered materials having the structural analogues with different electrical properties have been further explored to discover semiconducting candidates. For example, semiconducting MoS<sub>2</sub> has been widely studied for electronic device applications including transistors, phototransistors, diodes, and logic gates. However, the technological limitations to produce wafer-scale MoS<sub>2</sub> thin-films only enable to demonstrate prototype electronic applications. To overcome this limitation of scalability, solution-based processing has been considered as a strong candidate. In particular, molecular intercalation driven electrochemical exfoliation method can produce high quality 2D nanosheets in large quantity without vacuum- or high temperature-related processes. In this article, solution-processed 2D materials will be introduced as a potential platform toward wafer-scale, high-performance electronics and future outlook will be provided as important aspects should be considered to apply this materials platform for the real-world applications.
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Baek, Changmin, e Kyunghoon Cho. "Deep Learning-Enhanced Sampling-Based Path Planning for LTL Mission Specifications". Sensors 24, n. 10 (9 maggio 2024): 2998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24102998.
Abstract (sommario):
The presented paper introduces a novel path planning algorithm designed for generating low-cost trajectories that fulfill mission requirements expressed in Linear Temporal Logic (LTL). The proposed algorithm is particularly effective in environments where cost functions encompass the entire configuration space. A core contribution of this paper is the presentation of a refined approach to sampling-based path planning algorithms that aligns with the specified mission objectives. This enhancement is achieved through a multi-layered framework approach, enabling a simplified discrete abstraction without relying on mesh decomposition. This abstraction is especially beneficial in complex or high-dimensional environments where mesh decomposition is challenging. The discrete abstraction effectively guides the sampling process, influencing the selection of vertices for extension and target points for steering in each iteration. To further improve efficiency, the algorithm incorporates a deep learning-based extension, utilizing training data to accurately model the optimal trajectory distribution between two points. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through simulated tests, which highlight its ability to identify low-cost trajectories that meet specific mission criteria. Comparative analyses also confirm the superiority of the proposed method compared to existing methods.
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Rupsa Roy, Swarup Sarkar,. "QCA based Novel Reversible Reconfigurable Ripple Carry Adder with Ripple Borrow Subtractor in Electro-Spin Technology". Psychology and Education Journal 58, n. 2 (10 febbraio 2021): 813–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i2.1916.
Abstract (sommario):
An important arithmetic component of “Arithmetic and Logic Unit” or ALU is reconfigured in this paper, known as “Full-Adder-Subtractor”, where an advance low-power, high-speed nano technology “QCA” with electro-spin criterion is used with reversibility and the advancement of multilayer 3D circuitry. In this modern digital world, this selected nano-sized technology is an effective alternative of widely used “CMOS Technology” because all the limitations, mainly limitation due to the presence of high power dissipation at the time of device-density increment in a “CMOS” based integrated circuit, can be optimized by “QCA” nano technology with electro-spin criterion and this technology also supports reversible logic in multilayer 3D platform with less complexity. This paper, primarily presents two novel “QCA” based 3-layered “Adder-Subtractor” designs using the collaboration of multilayer inverter gates, reversible modified 3-input Feynman-Gate and 3-input MG (Majority Gate) with very less cell-complexity, area-occupation, delay and energy-dissipation and high output-strength, temperature-tolerance and accuracy. A clear parametric investigation on presented designs are shown clearly in this paper through a comparative manner with some previous published related structures. Additionally, another parametric-experiment on a novel multibit reversible multilayer “QCA” based “Full-Adder-Subtractor” circuitry using the working phenomenon of “Ripple Carry Adder” (RCA) and multibit subtractor (“ripple borrow subtractor” or RBS) is presented in this proposed work in a proper way and this combination of RCA and multibit subtraction operation converts the proposed circuitry into a hybrid form, which is more effective compare to some other advanced adders in parametric-optimization field.
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Sallam, Hossam El-Din M., Ahmed Elakhras e Mohammad Seleem. "Fracture toughness of matrix cracked FRC and FGC beams using equivalent TPFM". Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 16, n. 60 (25 marzo 2022): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3221/igf-esis.60.06.
Abstract (sommario):
In the present work, the fracture toughness (KIC) of full-depth (FD) fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) and layered functionally graded concrete (FGC) matrix cracked (MC) beams has been determined by the equivalent relationships of the two-parameter fracture model (ETPFM). Forty-eight MC-FGC and MC-FD FRC beam specimens with span-depth ratios (L/d) equal 4, 5, and 6 were tested under the 3PB configuration. The MC length-depth ratio (ao/d) remained constant equal to one-third. All FRC beams have the same constitutes materials with hooked-end steel fiber volume fraction equals 1%. The FGC beams are composed of three equal layers, i.e., FRC in the bottom layer at the tension side, normal strength concrete (NSC) at the middle layer, and high strength concrete at the upper layer in the compression side. The results showed that the predicted values of KIC obtained from ETPFM are considered logic according to the maximum size of the non-damaged defect concept. The crack mouth opening displacement estimated from ETPFM showed acceptable values close to the present experimental results. The KIC values calculated within the presence of fibers in front of and through the MC for FRC beam specimens having 1% SFs is more than twice the value of NSC.
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Tan, KimHan, Lingenthiran Samylingam, Navid Aslfattahi, Mohd Rafie Johan e Rahman Saidur. "Investigation of improved optical and conductivity properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)–MXenes (PMMA–MXenes) nanocomposite thin films for optoelectronic applications". Open Chemistry 20, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2022): 1416–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2022-0221.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Polymer matrix composites composed of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and MXenes (Ti3C2T x ) are synthesized using direct solution blending and casting techniques. MXenes are a new family of two-dimensional materials. Both optical and conductivity properties of the resulting PMMA-MXene nanocomposite thin films are studied as a function of MXene concentration, for the first time. The resulting thin films are in the micrometer range (8.10–8.80 µm) in thickness. As the concentration of MXenes increases, the PMMA embeds MXenes, causing structural disturbance but without any change in the crystal structure. The MXene thickness in single-layered structure is 15–20 nm. Optical investigations such as UV-Vis absorption, absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, and band gap have been reported to study the light absorption of nanocomposites. Resistivity measurement associated with electrical conductivity is studied. The relationship between optical responses and electrical conductivity is discussed. When compared to pure PMMA (1 × 10−14 to 1 × 10−13 S m−1), nanocomposites have electrical conductivity that is more than 3,000 times higher. The nanocomposites containing 15 wt% MXenes had the highest conductivity of 1.35 × 10−3 S m−1. Both the conductivity improvement and tunable optical findings accelerate the route of integrating MXenes into polymers to create more promising multifunctional composites for optoelectronic applications such as conductive electrodes, thin film transistors, and logic circuits.
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Scott, Paul. "(Political) Constitutions and (Political) Constitutionalism". German Law Journal 14, n. 12 (1 dicembre 2013): 2157–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200002716.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper responds to the conceptual inflation of constitutionalism in recent years by considering the relationship between constitutions and the specific concept of constitutionalism, seeking to establish the limits to the identification of the latter outside its traditional province. It considers both constitutions and constitutionalism in general terms, but seeks in particular to elucidate the relationship between the political constitution and political constitutionalism. This task requires an explanation of the law/politics divide and the paper argues for an institutional distinction between the two concepts, as opposed to one based upon the supposedly distinctive rationalities associated with law and politics. It grafts these categories onto a concept of constitutionalism characterized by a specific functional logic, whereby the same mechanisms that constitute power also limit that power. As such, it argues that to identify constitutionalism in contexts in which constitution and limitation occur separately—as in different layers of a multi-layered constitutional order—is mistaken. Constitutionalism is defined by this distinctive dualism, which in turn grants it its legitimating potential.In light of this definition of constitutionalism, the paper considers the relationship between law and politics within the constitutional order, offering three potential accounts of the connection between them. Amongst these, it endorses the idea that law and politics are necessarily linked: Within the democratic constitution, each frames the other such that legal requirements are the outcome of a political process which itself takes a form determined by law. The two phenomena are therefore inseparable; in a certain sense, all law is politics and all politics is law. The piece ends by suggesting that this claim is true where, and only where, the conditions laid down for constitutionalism hold true. Constitutionalism is a dualist phenomenon which, where it occurs, brings with it a highly particular melding of the legal and the political.
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Mišovič, Milan, e Ivana Rábová. "Classical Process diagrams and Service oriented Architecture". Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, n. 4 (2013): 1023–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361041023.
Abstract (sommario):
SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) has played in the last two decades a very useful role in the design philosophy of the target software. The basic units of software for which the mentioned philosophy is valid are called services. Generally it is counted that the advance implementation of services is given by using so–called Web services that are on the platform of the Internet 2.0. Naturally, there has been counted also with the fact that the services will be used in software applications designed by professional programmers. Later, the concept of software services was supported by the enterprise concept of the SOE type (Service oriented Enterprise) and by the creation of the SOA paradigm.Many computer scientists, including Thomas Erl – doyen of SOA, do not understand SOA either as an integrated technology or as a development methodology. Proofs of this statement are in the following definitions.SOA is a form of technology architecture that adheres to the principles of service – orientation. When realized through the Web services technology platform, SOA establishes the potential to support and promote these principles throughout the business processes and automation domains of an enterprise (Erl, 2006). Thomas Erl (Erl, 2007) has expressed the idea of SOA implementation using the following definition.SOA establishes an architectural model that aides to enhance the efficiency, agility, and productivity of an enterprise by positioning services as the primary means through which solution logic is represented in support of the realization of strategic goals associated with service-oriented computing. Nevertheless the key principles, on which SOA is constructed (Erl, 2006), are not significantly reflected in any of the previous definitions. Some of the mentioned principles are still included at least in the more free definitions of SOA, for example (Barry, 2003).A service-oriented architecture is essentially a collection of services. These services communicate with each other. The communication can involve either simple data or it could two or more services coordinating some activity. From the above mentioned we can pronounce a brief description of SOA. “SOA is an architectural style for consistency of business process logic and service architecture of the target software.”It is a complex of means for solution of special analysis, design, and integration of enterprise applications based on the use of enterprise services. The service solutions of the classic business process logic are, of course, based on the application of at least seven key principles of SOA (free relations, service contract, autonomy, abstraction, reusing, composition, no states). Key attributes of SOA are verbally described in (Erl, 2006). They are so important that a separate article should be devoted to their nature and formalization. On the other hand, there is also clear that each service solution of business logic should respect the principles published in SOA Manifesto, 2009, which are essentially derived from the key principles of SOA.In many publications there are given the SOA reference models usually composed of several layers (presentation layer, business process layer, composite services layer, application layer) giving a meta idea of SOA implementation. Perfect knowledge of the business process logic is a necessary condition for the development of a proper service solution. The different types of business processes should be described in the necessary details and contexts.Interestingly, the SOA paradigm does not provide its own method of finding and describing business processes by giving a layered transparent business process diagram. On the other hand, the methodology provides deep understanding of not only the characteristics of services, but also their functionality and implementation of the key principles of SOA (Erl, 2006).Let us assume that the required process diagrams can be achieved by using some of the advanced methods and descriptions. Among many other methods and description, we can introduce for example methods as Eriksson–Penker Business Extensions, ARIS, BORM (Business Object Relation Modeling) and description as BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation).This offers the idea of using these methods and descriptions for the SOA paradigm for the purposes of process models conversion into schemes of services with built-in orchestration. Conversion of transformations should be based on the knowledge of two artifacts. The first is the output artifact – everything what diagram process provides for the target service scheme and the second is the input artifact – all what service schemes need.The issue of conversion transformations is the main topic of this contribution. Their implementation will allow software companies to move forward in the creation of service production and it gives a new view of the enterprise functionality in a service solution to company management.
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Torra, Vicenç, Yasuo Narukawa e Sadaaki Miyamoto. "Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence". Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 11, n. 1 (20 gennaio 2007): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2007.p0003.
Abstract (sommario):
This special issue presents seven papers that are revised and expanded versions of papers presented at the 2nd International Conference on "Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence" (MDAI). This conference, that took place in Tsukuba (Japan) in July 2005, was the second of the series of MDAI conferences that were initiated in 2004 in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain). In April 2006, the third edition was held in Tarragona (Catalonia, Spain) and the fourth one is planned in Kitakyushu (Japan) in August 2007. These series of conferences were initiated to foster the use of decision related tools as well as information fusion technologies within artificial intelligence applications. In this issue, we present enhanced version of seven papers presented in the conference. The first paper describes a tool that uses fuzzy logic and neural networks for assigning a treatment to rheumatism. The selection of the appropriate treatment follows oriental medicine. The second paper by Wanyama and Far describes a tool for trade-off analysis to be used in those situations related with decision making in which there is no dominant solution. The third paper is devoted to autonomous mobile robots. The authors describe a multi-layered fuzzy control system for the self-localization of the robot. Two papers devoted to fuzzy clustering follow in this issue. First, one that presents a regularization approach with nonlinear membership weights. One of the proposed methods makes not only possible to perform attraction of data to clusters but also repulsion between different clusters. The second paper on clustering proposes the simultaneous application of homogeneity analysis and fuzzy clustering through the consideration of an appropriate objective function that includes two types of memberships. The sixth paper presents a tool for e-mail classification. The tool brings the name of FIS-CRM that stands for Fuzzy Interrelations and Synonymy Conceptual Representation Model. The issue finishes with a paper on meta-heuristic algorithms for a class of container loading problems. To finish this introduction, we would like to thank the referees for their work on the review process as well as to thank Prof. Hirota, Editor-in-Chief of this journal, for providing us with the opportunity to edit this special issue. The help of Kazuki Ohmori and Kenta Uchino from Fuji Technology Press Ltd. is also acknowledged.
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Ansari, Lida, Paul Hurley e Farzan Gity. "Two-Dimensional Gallium Selenide (GaSe) Material for Nanoelectronics Application". ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, n. 12 (7 luglio 2022): 868. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-0112868mtgabs.
Abstract (sommario):
As silicon-based transistors have approached their physical limits, it is urgent to explore alternative materials with a suitable bandgap and high mobility for next generation electronic logic devices. Two‐dimensional (2D) materials have attracted significant attention in the last few years due to their potential exotic transport physics and technological applications in various fields, such as a significant device downscaling for high intensity integration. Recently, a variety of 2D materials have been explored, including graphene [1] and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), e.g., MoS2 [2,3], WS2 [4], and PtSe2 [5-7]. Although most research has focused on TMDs, recently 2D layered metal monochalcogenides, e.g., GaSe, have attracted increasing interest as a result of their unique electronic properties, making this class of materials different from TMDs. GaSe crystal structure comprises vertically stacked Ga-Se-Se-Ga layers with relatively weak van der Waals interactions. There are two main GaSe polytypes which differ in the stacking sequence of the basis layer units. Side- and top-view schematics of β‐GaSe and ε‐GaSe are shown in Fig. 1a. In this study, the electronic structure of both GaSe layered material polytypes is investigated using density functional theory (DFT) as implemented in QuantumATK [8]. Brillouin-zone integrations were performed according to the Monkhorst-Pack scheme [9] with a density of approximately 10 k-points per angstrom. Geometry optimizations were performed with the convergence criterion of 0.02 eV/Å [10]. Van der Waals (vdW) interactions improve the structural and electronic properties description obtained by DFT calculations and is included in our calculations through D3 version of Grimme’s dispersion corrections [11]. To provide an improved determination of the bandgap energies, the GW (G: Green's function and W: screened Coulomb interaction) method in conjunction with a many body perturbation theory (MBPT) correction could be used. However, GW technique is computationally very expensive and could be implemented for systems with very limited number of atoms [12,13]. Hence, for this study, methods such as Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof (HSE) hybrid functional [14,15] and GGA-1/2 [16] methods were included in our model to achieve more accurate bandgap compared to the experimental values. The β‐GaSe exhibits a DFT-obtained direct bandgap of ~1 eV while the corrected value is 2 eV. ε‐GaSe, however, shows slight indirect bandgap of 0.8 eV (DFT) and 1.7 eV (corrected), with just 25 meV difference between the indirect gap and indirect gap. A double-gate Schottky barrier field-effect transistor (FET) consisting of Ti source and drain contacts and ultrathin GaSe channel is also investigated. Schematic of the FET is shown in Fig. 1b. The device performance analysis such as current-voltage characteristics, subthreshold slope, and on/off ratio are carried out by means of non-equilibrium Green’s function together with DFT Hamiltonian [17]. The output characteristic of the proposed device exhibits an ON/OFF current ratio of more than 7 orders of magnitude. The presence of point defects in ultrathin 2D films is largely inevitable [18], even under optimized synthesis conditions, which can be either engineered and considered as a useful feature, or undesirable. In either case, understanding the impacts of point defects on the electronic structure of 2D materials are required to allow application-based optimization. In this talk, to provide insight into the defect-induced modifications to the GaSe electronic properties, in particular the properties of the states associated with the defects, we will compare the band-structure of the pristine GaSe with the band-structure of the GaSe with Ge and Se vacancies, for both GaSe polytypes. We have also fabricated back-gated devices by mechanically exfoliating ultrathin GaSe flakes from bulk crystal onto oxide-on-Si substrate. Fig. 1c shows an SEM image of the device. Our experimental results demonstrate the basic transport characteristics of thin-film transistor, which may offer more opportunities for potential applications such as photodetectors, gas sensors, and optoelectronic devices, in addition to nanoelectronics FETs, due to GaSe large bandgap. References: [1] Nature Materials, 6, 183, 2007. [2] 2D Materials, 8, 025008, 2020. [3] 2D Materials, 7, 025040, 2020. [4] ACS Materials Letters, 2, 511, 2020. [5] ACS Omega, 4, pp. 17487-17493, 2019. [6] Advanced Functional Materials, 2103936, 2021. [7] Advanced Functional Materials, 2105722, 2021. [8] J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 32 015901, 2020 [9] Phys. Rev. B, 13, 5188, 1976. [10] J. Applied Physics, 129, 015701, 2021. [11] J. Chem. Phys., 132, 154104, 2010. [12] J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 29 065301, 2017. [13] Appl. Phys. Lett., 110, 093111, 2017. [14] J. Chem. Phys. 118, 8207, 2003. [15] Applied Materials Today, 25, 101163, 2021. [16] AIP Advances, 1, 032119, 2011. [17] J. Phys.: Condens. Matter., 30, 414003, 2018. [18] Npj 2D Materials and Applications, 5, 14, 2021. . Figure 1
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Baldi, Paolo, Petr Cintula e Carles Noguera. "Classical and Fuzzy Two-Layered Modal Logics for Uncertainty: Translations and Proof-Theory". International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ijcis.d.200703.001.
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Bae, Bongsung, Haelee Bae e Hojung Nam. "LOGICS: Learning optimal generative distribution for designing de novo chemical structures". Journal of Cheminformatics 15, n. 1 (7 settembre 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13321-023-00747-3.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractIn recent years, the field of computational drug design has made significant strides in the development of artificial intelligence (AI) models for the generation of de novo chemical compounds with desired properties and biological activities, such as enhanced binding affinity to target proteins. These high-affinity compounds have the potential to be developed into more potent therapeutics for a broad spectrum of diseases. Due to the lack of data required for the training of deep generative models, however, some of these approaches have fine-tuned their molecular generators using data obtained from a separate predictor. While these studies show that generative models can produce structures with the desired target properties, it remains unclear whether the diversity of the generated structures and the span of their chemical space align with the distribution of the intended target molecules. In this study, we present a novel generative framework, LOGICS, a framework for Learning Optimal Generative distribution Iteratively for designing target-focused Chemical Structures. We address the exploration—exploitation dilemma, which weighs the choice between exploring new options and exploiting current knowledge. To tackle this issue, we incorporate experience memory and employ a layered tournament selection approach to refine the fine-tuning process. The proposed method was applied to the binding affinity optimization of two target proteins of different protein classes, κ-opioid receptors, and PIK3CA, and the quality and the distribution of the generative molecules were evaluated. The results showed that LOGICS outperforms competing state-of-the-art models and generates more diverse de novo chemical structures with optimized properties. The source code is available at the GitHub repository (https://github.com/GIST-CSBL/LOGICS).
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Sharma, Shweta, Amandeep Kaur, Deepali Gupta, Sapna Juneja e Mukesh Kumar. "Dragon fly algorithm based approach for escalating the security among the nodes in wireless sensor network based system". SN Applied Sciences 5, n. 12 (30 novembre 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-023-05614-2.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractA new technology that is gaining popularity today is the Wireless Sensor Network. Smart sensors are being used in a variety of wireless network applications, including intruder detection, transportation, the Internet of Things, smart cities, the military, industrial, agricultural, and health monitoring, as a result of their rapid expansion. Sensor network technologies improve social advancement and life quality while having little to no negative impact on the environment or natural resources of the planet are examined in sensor networks for sustainable development. Real-world applications face challenges ensuring Quality of Service (QoS) due to dynamic network topology changes, resource constraints, and heterogeneous traffic flow. By enhancing its properties, such as maintainability, packet error ratio, reliability, scalability, availability, latency, jitter, throughput, priority, periodicity, deadline, security, and packet loss ratio, the optimized QoS may be attained. Real-world high performance is difficult to attain since sensors are spread out in a hostile environment. The performance parameters are divided into four categories: network-specific, deployment phase, layered WSN architecture, and measurability. Integrity, secrecy, safety, and security are among the privacy and security levels. This article leads emphasis on the trustworthiness of the routes as well as the nodes involved in those routes from where the data has to pass from source to destination. First of all, the nodes are deployed and cluster head selection is done by considering the total number of nodes and the distance from the base station. The proposed work uses AODV architecture for computing QoS parameters that are throughput, PDR and delay. K-means clustering algorithm is used to divide the aggregated data into three possible segments viz. good, moderate and bad as this process does not involve the labelling of aggregated data due to its supervised behavior. The proposed trust model works in two phases. In first phase, data is divided into 3 segments and labelling is done. In second phase, uses generated class objects are to be applied viz. the route records to publicize the rank of the routes followed by the rank of nodes. The proposed technique employed the statistical machine learning and swarm intelligence strategy with dragon fly algorithm in order to address the issues related effective rank generation of nodes and improving the network lifetime. Deep learning concepts can be combined with fuzzy logics approach for resolving issues like secure data transmission, trustworthiness of ranking nodes and efficient route discovery.
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Zhao, Liang, Zhihong Yin, Keping Yu, Xiongyan Tang, Lexi Xu, Zhenzhou Guo e Pulkit Nehra. "A Fuzzy Logic Based Intelligent Multi-Attribute Routing Scheme for Two-layered SDVNs". IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, 2022, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2022.3202741.
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Walicki, Michał. "Paradoxes versus Contradictions in Logic of Sentential Operators". Logic and Logical Philosophy, 2 gennaio 2024, 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/llp.2024.002.
Abstract (sommario):
Classical logic, of first or higher order, is extended with sentential operators and quantifiers, interpreted substitutionally over unrestricted substitution class. Operators mark a single layered, consistent metalanguage. Self-reference, arising from substitutional quantification over sentences, allows to express paradoxes which, unlike contradictions, do not lead to explosion. Semantics of the resulting language, using semi-kernels of digraphs, is non-explosive yet two-valued and has classical semantics as a special case for clasically consistent theories. A complete reasoning is obtained by extending LK with two rules for sentential quantifiers. Adding (cut) yields a complete system for the explosive semantics.
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Bagherian-Marandi, Navid, Mehdi Ravanshadnia e Mohammad-R. Akbarzadeh-T. "Two-layered fuzzy logic-based model for predicting court decisions in construction contract disputes". Artificial Intelligence and Law, 26 gennaio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10506-021-09281-9.
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Anderson, Charles E., Savio S. Ferreira e Mauricio S. Antunes. "Integration of multiple stress signals in plants using synthetic Boolean logic gates". Plant Physiology, 29 aprile 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiad254.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract As photosynthetic organisms, plants have a potential role in the sustainable production of high-value products such as medicines, biofuels, and chemical feedstocks. With effective engineering using synthetic biology approaches, plant-based platforms could conceivably be designed to minimize the costs and waste of production for materials that would otherwise be uneconomical. Additionally, modern agricultural crops could be engineered to be more productive, resilient, or restorative in different or rapidly changing environments and climates. Information-processing genetic devices and circuits containing multiple interacting parts that behave predictably must be developed to achieve these complex goals. A genetic Boolean AND logic gate is a device that computes the presence or absence of two inputs (signals, stimuli) and produces an output (response) only when both inputs are present. We optimized individual genetic components and used synthetic protein heterodimerizing domains to rationally assemble genetic AND logic gates that integrate two hormonal inputs in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants. These AND gates produce an output only in the presence of both abscisic acid and auxin but not when either or neither hormone is present. The AND logic gate can also integrate signals resulting from two plant stresses, cold temperature and bacterial infection, to produce a response. The design principles used here are generalizable, and, therefore, multiple orthogonal AND gates could be assembled and rationally layered to process complex genetic information in plants. These layered logic gates may be used in genetic circuits to probe fundamental questions in plant biology, such as hormonal crosstalk, in addition to plant engineering for bioproduction.
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Xin, Xing, Liyao Sun, Jiamei Chen, Youzhe Bao, Ye Tao, Ya Lin, Jingyao Bian et al. "Real-time numerical system convertor via two-dimensional WS2-based memristive device". Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience 16 (14 settembre 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2022.1015945.
Abstract (sommario):
The intriguing properties of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) enable the exploration of new electronic device architectures, particularly the emerging memristive devices for in-memory computing applications. Implementation of arithmetic logic operations taking advantage of the non-linear characteristics of memristor can significantly improve the energy efficiency and simplify the complexity of peripheral circuits. Herein, we demonstrate an arithmetic logic unit function using a lateral volatile memristor based on layered 2D tungsten disulfide (WS2) materials and some combinational logic circuits. Removable oxygen ions were introduced into WS2 materials through oxygen plasma treatment process. The resistive switching of the memristive device caused by the thermophoresis-assisted oxygen ions migration has also been revealed. Based on the characteristics of excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC), paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), and spike rate dependent plasticity (SRDP), a real-time numerical system convertor was successfully accomplished, which is a significant computing function of arithmetic logic unit. This work paves a new way for developing 2D memristive devices for future arithmetic logic applications.
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Jain, Nikhil, Robin B. Jacobs-Gedrim e Bin Yu. "Unipolar Switching Behavior in Highly Crystalline Hexagonal Boron Nitride". MRS Proceedings 1658 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2014.503.
Abstract (sommario):
ABSTRACTWe observed resistive switching in highly crystalline layered insulator hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) under electric field in a nano-device configuration. Two distinct resistive states were observed in the 2D material heterostack. Electrical characterization using capacitance-voltage approach further revealed the role of h-BN as the active switching element. The switching behavior could be attributed to substitutional doping of h-BN under electric field present in the active region, possibly resulting in the formation of multi-element complex in which electrical conductivity depends on the amount of substituted dopant in the boron nitride crystal lattice. Since switching is observed independent of the direction of electric field, it is unipolar in nature. The observed memristance phenomenon in layered insulator may be potentially used in the form of NVM, providing possible direction to implement information storage or reconfigurable logic applications.
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Li, Yiwei, Ning An, Zheyi Lu, Yuchen Wang, Bing Chang, Teng Tan, Xuhan Guo et al. "Nonlinear co-generation of graphene plasmons for optoelectronic logic operations". Nature Communications 13, n. 1 (6 giugno 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30901-8.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractSurface plasmons in graphene provide a compelling strategy for advanced photonic technologies thanks to their tight confinement, fast response and tunability. Recent advances in the field of all-optical generation of graphene’s plasmons in planar waveguides offer a promising method for high-speed signal processing in nanoscale integrated optoelectronic devices. Here, we use two counter propagating frequency combs with temporally synchronized pulses to demonstrate deterministic all-optical generation and electrical control of multiple plasmon polaritons, excited via difference frequency generation (DFG). Electrical tuning of a hybrid graphene-fibre device offers a precise control over the DFG phase-matching, leading to tunable responses of the graphene’s plasmons at different frequencies across a broadband (0 ~ 50 THz) and provides a powerful tool for high-speed logic operations. Our results offer insights for plasmonics on hybrid photonic devices based on layered materials and pave the way to high-speed integrated optoelectronic computing circuits.
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Li, Yiwei, Ning An, Zheyi Lu, Yuchen Wang, Bing Chang, Teng Tan, Xuhan Guo et al. "Nonlinear co-generation of graphene plasmons for optoelectronic logic operations". Nature Communications 13, n. 1 (6 giugno 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30901-8.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractSurface plasmons in graphene provide a compelling strategy for advanced photonic technologies thanks to their tight confinement, fast response and tunability. Recent advances in the field of all-optical generation of graphene’s plasmons in planar waveguides offer a promising method for high-speed signal processing in nanoscale integrated optoelectronic devices. Here, we use two counter propagating frequency combs with temporally synchronized pulses to demonstrate deterministic all-optical generation and electrical control of multiple plasmon polaritons, excited via difference frequency generation (DFG). Electrical tuning of a hybrid graphene-fibre device offers a precise control over the DFG phase-matching, leading to tunable responses of the graphene’s plasmons at different frequencies across a broadband (0 ~ 50 THz) and provides a powerful tool for high-speed logic operations. Our results offer insights for plasmonics on hybrid photonic devices based on layered materials and pave the way to high-speed integrated optoelectronic computing circuits.
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Cleary, Frances, David C. Henshall e Sasitharan Balasubramaniam. "On-Body Edge Computing Through E-Textile Programmable Logic Array". Frontiers in Communications and Networks 2 (11 giugno 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frcmn.2021.688419.
Abstract (sommario):
E-textiles have received tremendous attention in recent years due to the capability of integrating sensors into a garment, enabling high-precision sensing of the human body. Besides sensing, a number of solutions for e-textile garments have also integrated wireless interfaces, allowing sensing data to be transmitted, and also inbuilt capacitive touch sensors, allowing users to provide instructions. While this has provided a new level of sensing that can result in unprecedented applications, there has been little attention placed around on-body edge computing for e-textiles. This study focuses on the need for a noninvasive and remote health-monitoring solution with inbuilt on-body edge computing, and how enabling such sensing and computing capabilities in a fabric environment can act as a new method for healthcare monitoring through the use of embedded computing intelligence in smart garments. Facilitating computing in e-textiles can result in a new form of on-body edge computing, where sensor information is processed very close to the body before being transmitted to an external device or wireless access point. This form of computing can provide new security and data privacy capabilities and, at the same time, provide opportunities for new energy-harvesting mechanisms to process the data through the garment. This study proposes this concept through embroidered programmable logic arrays (PLAs) integrated into e-textiles. In the same way that PLAs have programmable logic circuits by interconnecting different AND, NOT, and OR gates, we propose e-textile–based gates that are sewn into a garment and connected through conductive thread stitching. Two designs are proposed, and this includes single- and multi-layered PLAs. Experimental validations have been conducted at the individual gates and the entire PLA circuits to determine the voltage utilization and logic computing reliability. The multilayered PLA garment superseded the single-layered garment with higher levels of accuracy in the yielded results due to the enhanced design layout, which reduces the potential for short circuits and errors occurring. Our proposed approach can usher in a new form of on-body edge computing for e-textile garments for future wearable technologies, and, in particular, with the current pandemic that requires noninvasive remote health-monitoring applications.
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Zhu, Lijuan, Uma Jayaram e OkJoon Kim. "Semantic Applications Enabling Reasoning in Product Assembly Ontologies—Moving Past Modeling". Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering 12, n. 1 (22 dicembre 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3647878.
Abstract (sommario):
In this paper, the authors postulate an approach to introduce reasoning capabilities into ontologies in the product assembly domain in order to truly exploit these logic-based and formal representations for product data. A model containing semantic applications with multiple reasoning units in logic reasoning layer of a layered semantic application architecture is proposed. Retrieval specifications and inference rules in SWRL/SQWRL are defined in these reasoning units. Besides, local-based user interfaces have been developed to allow product engineers to submit reasoning tasks and view querying retrievals or inference results. The approach and semantic applications are illustrated with two case studies in the product assembly domain. It is demonstrated that this approach not only enables existing product data to be queried and retrieved but also enables new product data, which is not explicitly expressed in the ontology models, to be derived. It is concluded that the reasoning mechanism exploits and extends the semantic representation made possible through the ontology and thus holds promise for improved knowledge discovery and understanding.
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DiAndreth, Breanna, Noreen Wauford, Eileen Hu, Sebastian Palacios e Ron Weiss. "PERSIST platform provides programmable RNA regulation using CRISPR endoRNases". Nature Communications 13, n. 1 (11 maggio 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30172-3.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractRegulated transgene expression is an integral component of gene therapies, cell therapies and biomanufacturing. However, transcription factor-based regulation, upon which most applications are based, suffers from complications such as epigenetic silencing that limit expression longevity and reliability. Constitutive transgene transcription paired with post-transcriptional gene regulation could combat silencing, but few such RNA- or protein-level platforms exist. Here we develop an RNA-regulation platform we call “PERSIST" which consists of nine CRISPR-specific endoRNases as RNA-level activators and repressors as well as modular OFF- and ON-switch regulatory motifs. We show that PERSIST-regulated transgenes exhibit strong OFF and ON responses, resist silencing for at least two months, and can be readily layered to construct cascades, logic functions, switches and other sophisticated circuit topologies. The orthogonal, modular and composable nature of this platform as well as the ease in constructing robust and predictable gene circuits promises myriad applications in gene and cell therapies.