Tesi: "Travel" – Grafiati

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Nilsson, Petter, e Ola Öberg. "Business Travels : A study of businesspeople´s travel patterns". Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Communication and IT, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-4507.

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Skåmedal, Jo. "Telecommuting's implications on travel and travel patterns /". Linköping : Univ, 2004. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2004/tek869s.pdf.

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Gonzales, Domingo. "Reconciliation of travel advances and travel liquidations". Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/27748.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
This thesis was an investigation of the causes that prevented the matching of the accounting line associated with an advance travel payment with the accounting line associated with the liquidation payment or collection for shore activities serviced by the Fleet Accounting and Disbursing Center Pacific, San Diego, CA. Utilizing a random sample of 179 standard document numbers from fiscal year 1989, the researcher concluded that the two major causes preventing the matching of an advance to the liquidation were document type code errors and execution code errors. Both types of errors are attributable to input error. The researcher identified manual inputs, multiple activity processing and inadequate management reports as the three major barriers affecting the travel reconciliation process. Recommendations designed to prevent input errors and to improve the travel accounting process were provided.

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Young, Pamela L. "Travel Log". VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/2084.

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Alvaro, Llancari Elizabeth Paola, Gonzales Shiu Yen Chung, Paquiyauri Jaymi Palomino, Segura Vanessa Cecilia Pichilingue e Chiroque Daniel Cesar Temoche. "Latin Travel". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654882.

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Muchas mujeres que quieren viajar por América del Sur desconocen de los sitios turísticos, comidas, hospedaje, restaurantes y más, incluso tienen pocas oportunidades para viajar porque no encuentran opciones y una oferta variada en precios, además de productos y servicios necesarios para tener nuevas experiencias agradables. Por ese motivo, nació APP Latin Travel, un aplicativo móvil dirigido a las singles o viajeras para ofrecerles diversos beneficios e información para viajar sin preocupaciones y con la finalidad de hacer más agradable su viaje, pudiendo encontrar diferentes precios que se acomoden a su presupuesto, obteniendo como resultado experiencias positivas para viajar por Latinoamérica ofreciendo beneficios como es, tener la oportunidad de un intercambio cultural con otras mujeres. El precio de los tours es un factor importante durante su viaje, por la cual brindaremos una variedad de tours a precios competitivos en el mercado, así las singles podrán escoger con libertad la opción más conveniente para ellas de acuerdo al tiempo que estarán en dicho país. Asimismo, Latin Travel ganará un porcentaje de 10% sobre el precio de venta de los servicios turísticos y sobre la venta de la línea de productos, además obtendremos ingresos por suscripción mensual. Al final, se analizaron los flujos de caja y sus indicadores, demostrando la viabilidad y rentabilidad del negocio, lo que significa que el negocio dejará ganancias para todos sus inversionistas.
Many women who want to travel through South America are unaware of tourist sites, meals, accommodation, restaurants and more, they even have few opportunities to travel because they do not find options and a varied offer in prices, as well as products and services necessary to have new experiences nice. For this reason, APP Latin Travel was born, a mobile application aimed at singles or travelers to offer them various benefits and information to travel without worries and in order to make their trip more pleasant, being able to find different prices that suit their budget, obtaining as a result positive experiences to travel through Latin America offering benefits such as having the opportunity of a cultural exchange with other women. The price of the tours is an important factor during your trip, for which we will offer a variety of tours at competitive prices in the market, so singles can freely choose the most convenient option for them according to the time they will be in that country. Likewise, Latin Travel will earn a 10% percentage on the sale price of tourist services and on the sale of the product line, we will also obtain monthly subscription income. In the end, the cash flows and their indicators were analyzed, demonstrating the viability and profitability of the business, which means that the business will leave profits for all its investors.
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Smith, Andrew F. "Travel expenses /". Available to subscribers only, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1594477981&sid=11&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Chávez, Becerra Ana Milagros, Salas Karla Ivonne Condo, Padilla Massiel Milagros Garma, Vergara Gabriela Nicole Rivero e Flores Milagros Marcell Villanueva. "Travel Safe". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/651860.

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En la actualidad, existe un alto índice de robos de maletas al momento de realizar un viaje, puesto que según la SITA (Societé Internacionale de Telécommunications Aéronautiques) se pierden cerca de 25 millones de maletas por año a nivel mundial. La situación no es muy diferente en el Perú, ya que constantemente se ven casos de robo o pérdida de equipaje en el territorio nacional. Para estos casos, ante la ineficiencia de las autoridades y la falta de medidas de control, se han propuesto diversas alternativas de solución para proteger las maletas como candados especiales, sistema TSA, entre otros. Sin embargo, estos no son efectivos al ser fácilmente manipulados o forcejeados. En base a lo mencionado anteriormente, nació la idea de Travel Safe. Este modelo de negocios ofrece maletas inteligentes con un sistema compacto que utiliza tecnología NFC y permite conectarse a través de una aplicación móvil y rastrear en tiempo real la ubicación de la maleta. Asimismo, posee un sistema integrado que ayuda a la protección contra el robo e intento de manipulación. Por ello, para probar tal aceptación de nuestra propuesta que corresponde a una solución óptima de una problemática existente en el Perú, se han desarrollado diversos experimentos e investigaciones que se abordará en el presente trabajo de investigación. Una vez hecha la validación de nuestro proyecto, se presentan los compromisos de ventas efectuados y los diversos planes de acción en las diferentes áreas. Finalmente, se concluye que el negocio propuesto es un éxito y genera una atractiva rentabilidad.
Nowadays, there is a high rate of theft of suitcases when making a trip, since according to the SITA (Société Internationale de Telécommunications Aéronautiques) are lost about 25 million suitcases per year worldwide. The situation is not very different in Peru, since cases of theft or loss of luggage are constantly seen in the national territory. For these cases, due to the inefficiency of the authorities and the lack of control measures, several alternative solutions have been proposed to protect the suitcases such as special locks, TSA system, among others. However, these are not effective because they are easily manipulated or wrestled. Based on the above, the idea of Travel Safe was born. This business model offers intelligent suitcases with a compact system that uses NFC technology and makes it possible to connect through a mobile application and track the location of the suitcase in real time. It also has an integrated system that helps protect against theft and attempted tampering. Therefore, to prove such acceptance of our proposal that corresponds to an optimal solution of an existing problem in Peru, have developed various experiments and research that will be addressed in this research work. Once our project has been validated, the sales commitments made and the various action plans in the different areas are presented. Finally, it is concluded that the proposed business is a success and generates an attractive profitability.
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Wan, Ke. "Estimation of Travel Time Distribution and Travel Time Derivatives". Thesis, Princeton University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3642164.

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Given the complexity of transportation systems, generating optimal routing decisions is a critical issue. This thesis focuses on how routing decisions can be computed by considering the distribution of travel time and associated risks. More specifically, the routing decision process is modeled in a way that explicitly considers the dependence between the travel times of different links and the risks associated with the volatility of travel time. Furthermore, the computation of this volatility allows for the development of the travel time derivative, which is a financial derivative based on travel time. It serves as a value or congestion pricing scheme based not only on the level of congestion but also its uncertainties. In addition to the introduction (Chapter 1), the literature review (Chapter 2), and the conclusion (Chapter 6), the thesis consists of two major parts:

In part one (Chapters 3 and 4), the travel time distribution for transportation links and paths, conditioned on the latest observations, is estimated to enable routing decisions based on risk. Chapter 3 sets up the basic decision framework by modeling the dependent structure between the travel time distributions for nearby links using the copula method. In Chapter 4, the framework is generalized to estimate the travel time distribution for a given path using Gaussian copula mixture models (GCMM). To explore the data from fundamental traffic conditions, a scenario-based GCMM is studied. A distribution of the path scenario representing path traffic status is first defined; then, the dependent structure between constructing links in the path is modeled as a Gaussian copula for each path scenario and the scenario-wise path travel time distribution is obtained based on this copula. The final estimates are calculated by integrating the scenario-wise path travel time distributions over the distribution of the path scenario. In a discrete setting, it is a weighted sum of these conditional travel time distributions. Different estimation methods are employed based on whether or not the path scenarios are observable: An explicit two-step maximum likelihood method is used for the GCMM based on observable path scenarios; for GCMM based on unobservable path scenarios, extended Expectation Maximum algorithms are designed to estimate the model parameters, which introduces innovative copula-based machine learning methods.

In part two (Chapter 5), travel time derivatives are introduced as financial derivatives based on road travel times—a non-tradable underlying asset. This is proposed as a more fundamental approach to value pricing. The chapter addresses (a) the motivation for introducing such derivatives (that is, the demand for hedging), (b) the potential market, and (c) the product design and pricing schemes. Pricing schemes are designed based on the travel time data captured by real time sensors, which are modeled as Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes and more generally, continuous time auto regression moving average (CARMA) models. The risk neutral pricing principle is used to generate the derivative price, with reasonably designed procedures to identify the market value of risk.

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Sen, Simonti. "Travels to Europe self and other in Bengali travel narratives, 1870-1910 /". New Delhi : Orient Longman, 2005. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/60534669.html.

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Jaatinen, Salla, e Laura Aho. "Recommendations’ and preferences’ impact on online travel purchases : A quantitative study investigating Instagram influencers’ travel recommendations and consumers’ travel preferences effect on online travel purchases". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48272.

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Quantitative data analysis revealed that out of the two proposed hypotheses, consumers’ travel preferences have a positive effect on online travel purchases, while Instagram influencers’ travel recommendations did not have a positive effect on consumers’ online travel purchases. Despite that, male respondents experienced travel recommendations to be more influential than their own travel preferences when purchasing travel. However, the results indicate that there is a need for further research.

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Musgrove, Brian Michael. "D.H.Lawrence's travel books". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293786.

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Onderdonk, John A. "Monument of Travel". Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53407.

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Let's go up. Yeah, but it's raining. I know, let's just go. Well, we'll meet you up there. "Therefore we travel not like messengers but like travelers. We do not think only about the departure and the arrival but also the interval separating them. The trip itself is a pleasure for us." Rousseau Emile, Book V Convenience is tough on architecture. Most Americans have no time for architecture. Necessity has been diluted by today’s 24-hour, car fax, tummysizing, books-on-tape life-style. It is through a lack of convenience that one can see what is important and appreciate it. “Primitive” forms, stone circles, mounds, and roads are generators of my projects; not in the sense of an homage or reference, but more in the sense of “that was the image I held in mind.” They try to produce some of the same feeling or presence. Few elements, simple forms, no clutter; I try to achieve clarity and control in the design of the object. Buildings to me are objects. The ruins of Italy, Hadrian’s Villa and the Foro Romano were inspiring in their formal nature and in the presentation. To see a building as a ruin, to see the building as a section or as a plan, and to experience the generation of the architecture really started to define the basis of architecture. In the Ticino region of Switzerland, these ideas were present in a different culture, specifically Galfetti’s Castelgrande project, as well as the existing castle. The region’s architecture made it possible to see what was important personally in architecture: the craft, the materials, and the sense of place.
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Alarcón, Zelaya Eddy, Flores Fredy Manuel Canchanya, Rodríguez Raquel Corbalán e Revoredo Roxana Francesca Noriega. "Friends & Travel". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/626482.

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Hoy en día, diversas empresas de turismo buscan la forma de diferenciarse entre ellas, desarrollan todo tipo de estrategias que les permitan atraer a más clientes y fidelizarlos. En el mercado, ya son varias empresas que optaron por ser digitales debido a su público objetivo y la época en la que vivimos, pero son pocas las que brindan además de un servicio digital, un servicio que se adapte las necesidades o deseos del cliente. Por dicha razón, en el presente trabajo se eligió desarrollar una plataforma digital que brinde a los turistas un servicio 100% personalizado. Dado el boom del turismo en el Perú y la pasión de cada uno de nosotros por viajar se eligió crear Friends & Travel, una empresa que busca conectar a viajeros de todo el mundo con personas que los ayuden o asesoren con la planificación de su viaje para conocer mejor su destino y vivir una experiencia única y diferente. Los resultados de este trabajo demuestran como el turismo es una importante fuente de desarrollo en nuestro país por lo que crear nuevos modelos de negocio en el sector debe ser exitoso. Las tradicionales agencias de turismo o plataformas digitales internacionales como Booking o Trip Advisor no deben ser las únicas empresas que brindan la información necesaria a cada turista, deben exitir otros medios con un trato personalizado que los ayude a programar sus aventuras y viajes.
Today, various tourism companies seek to differentiate between them, develop all kinds of strategies that allow them to attract more customers and build loyalty. In this market, there are already several companies that chose to be digital due to their target audience and the time in which we live, but few provide a digital service, a service that suits the needs or wishes of the client. For this reason, in this work we chose to develop a digital platform that provides tourists with a 100% personalized service. Given the tourism boom in Peru and the passion of each one of us to travel, we chose to create Friends & Travel, a company that wants to connect travelers from all over the world with people who can help or advise them with the planning of their trip to Know their destination better and live a unique and different experience. The results of this work demonstrate how tourism is an important source of development in our country, so creating new business models in the sector must be successful. Traditional tourism agencies or international digital platform such as Booking or TripAdvisor should not be the only companies that provide the necessary information to each tourist, there must be other means with a personalized service that helps them to program their adventures and trips.
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Nyblom, Åsa. "Making travel sustainable with ICT? : The social practice of travel planning and travel information use in everyday life". Licentiate thesis, KTH, Miljöstrategisk analys (fms), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-154474.

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Adopting the perspective of the traveller, this thesis examines how travel plans are actually made in the everyday situation and how information is used and drawn on when planning the many, often unremarkable, trips of ordinary urban life. Ethnographical field studies in southern Stockholm, Sweden, employing a practice theory perspective showed that people use a vast mixture of different types of information when planning and making trips. Therefore, the concept of travel information should be defined broadly enough to encompass informal, formal, analogue and digital types of travel information. Then, and only then, is it possible to perceive the interactions between these and see their potential as a change factor for sustainable city travel. In relation to this, situations when travel information was not used, were also identified in the qualitative data and are acknowledged and discussed in the thesis. Travel planning is in everyday practice undertaken little by little, squeezed in between other activities of daily life. It is a process more extended in time, space and content than the limited search for information about the best way to get from A to B, assumed and facilitated in many existing travel information services. Travel planning is closely connected to the overall scheduling of activities (planning of life) and thus spans much larger time frames than the single trip. Planning travel also includes consideration of issues such as preparations needed (things to be done before departure/brought on the trip); managing vehicles and equipment in time and space (getting the bicycle/car home again or safely parked); the weather (current and forecast); social relations (the potential of different travel options for relationship building or conflict triggering); social norms (e.g. of 'good parenting' or 'proper behaviour on public transport'); and health issues (wanting exercise or inability to manage stairs/luggage). The qualitative data revealed that travel information is sometimes perceived and used as a security blanket, i.e. something to hold on to and give the traveller courage on the trip until they are safe at their destination. It also showed that travel planning, depending on life situation, can be experienced as either a house of cards, i.e. if anything changes the whole house collapses and has to be rebuilt to a different layout, or a prefab building, i.e. the same prefabricated pieces are joined together in more or less the same pattern every time. Recent decades have seen rapid growth in ICT services relating to transportation. Different types of travel information services have been proposed as a means to decrease the environmental impacts of transportation through effecting behavioural change. Taking the empirical 4 insights provided by this thesis into travel planning and travel information use in practice, it is clear that travel information services of tomorrow, if connected to other ICT systems in everyday life, could be designed in a way that broadens their horizon of assistance in supporting travel planning processes in everyday life. Although, as this thesis demonstrates, the role and potential of travel information services and ICT in the work of achieving sustainable mobility should be discussed from a perspective critical of overly linear perceptions and instrumental starting points.
Denna avhandling tar resenärens perspektiv, och undersöker från vardagslivets horisont hur resor egentligen planeras, och hur information används när de många, ofta obemärkta, vardagsresorna görs i staden. Etnografiska fältstudier i södra Stockholm, gjorda och analyserade med ett praktikteoriperspektiv, visar att människor använder sig av många olika typer av information för att planera och genomföra sina resor. Därför bör begreppet reseinformation definieras vitt nog att rymma både informella, formella, analoga och digitala typer av reseinformation. Först då är det möjligt att iaktta interaktioner mellan dessa, och också se informationens eventuella potential som förändringsfaktor för hållbart stadsresande. Även situationer när reseinformation inte används uppmärksammas och diskuteras. Reseplanering är i vardaglig praktik något som sker lite i taget, i mellanrummen mellan andra sysslor och aktiviteter. Det är en process mer förgrenad i tid, rum och innehåll än den avgränsade sökning efter information om bästa sättet att ta sig mellan A och B som många existerande IT-baserade reseplanerare verkar förutsätta och i dagsläget assisterar. Reseplanering är starkt knutet till den övergripande planeringen av aktiviteter i livet, och reseplanering har därför oftast ett vidare tidsspann än endast en resa. Planering av resor inkluderar även hänsyn till faktorer som nödvändiga förberedelser (saker att göra innan avfärd/ta med sig på resan); hantering av fordon och bagage i tid och rum (få hem cykeln/bilen igen eller få den säkert parkerad); vädret (nuvarande och prognostiserat); sociala relationer (potentialen för konflikter/positiv samvaro vid olika färdmedelsval); sociala normer (om gott föräldraskap eller hur man för sig på kollektiva färdmedel); och hälsoaspekter (vilja till motion eller oförmåga att gå i trappor). Fältarbetet gjorde tydligt att reseinformation ibland används som en snuttefilt – något att ty sig till och hålla i handen på okänt territorium tills du har kommit till målet för din resa. Reseplanering kan också, beroende på livssituation, antingen upplevas och liknas vid husbygge med prefabricerade element – samma standardiserade, välkända bitar sammanfogas på ungefär samma sätt varje gång; eller också ett korthus – om någonting ändras brakar hela huset ihop, och måste byggas upp igen med en helt annan design. Under de senaste decennierna har det skett en snabb utveckling av IT-lösningar på transportområdet. Olika typer av reseinformationstjänster har föreslagits som ett verktyg för att ändra resebeteenden och därmed minska transporters miljöpåverkan. Med utgångspunkt från studiens 6 empiriska insikter i hur reseplanering går till i praktiken, och hur reseinformation används blir det tydligt att morgondagens reseplanerartjänster, om de kopplades ihop med andra digitala system vi använder i vår vardag, skulle kunna utformas på ett sätt som utvidgar systemets "assistanshorisont" för att bättre passa ihop med reseplaneringspraktikerna i vår vardag. Potentialen och rollen för reseinformationstjänster och IT i arbetet med att minska transporters miljöpåverkan bör diskuteras från ett perspektiv som är kritiskt till alltför linjära och instrumentella utgångspunkter, vilket denna avhandling bidrar till.

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Guo, Yingying, e Kai Sun. "Relationship in Travel Agency: A case of Chinese International Travel Service". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-13850.

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Bachelor Thesis, School of Management and Economics, Växjö University, 2FE10E Strategic Marketing, spring 2011 Authors: Guo Yingyiung, Sun Kai Tutor: Viktorija Kalonaityte Examiner: Åsa Devine Title – Relationship in Travel Agency Background –With the social and economic development and people's living standards, travel service become a popular leisure time has come. Travel agencies are very sensitive services company because the customer wants the high quality of services to enjoy their travel. The paper purpose is to find out any interrelation between travel agency and client. This is aimed by a case study in a Chinese Travel Agency. Aim – the aim of this paper the factors which affect the relationship between client and travel agency. This study will help to reader about the knowledge of the factors which can be helpful for travel agencies to improve their relationship with their clients. Research question – how can these factors including service quality, customer satisfaction, and membership relationship and CRM be used in order to establish good relationship between tourists and travel agency? Method – in this paper, a positivistic point of view is embedded, and then we chose to use a case study design in a travel agency. In addition, we used primary and secondary for gathering the data. The research question was answered in the analysis with the combination theoretical framework and empirical data from a real case of Chinese International Travel Service (CITS). Finding – this paper mentioned four factors including service quality, customer satisfaction, membership relationship and customer relationship management be used in order to create long relationship between tourists and travel agency. Service quality has become a factor important in the overall tourism experience, and one which ultimately dictates is the success of the tourism business. Service satisfaction is a crucial point for firm to keeping the long relationship with customer. A membership relationship is a formalized relationship between the firm and an identifiable customer that often provides special benefits to both parties. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) focuses on managing the relationship between a company and its current and prospective customer base as a key to success. Conclusion—though observing the travel agency‘s situation, authors used four factors to analyze what the problems they are, and give firm‘s suggestion about how to use the factors to maintain and enhance the relationship with customer.

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Stewart, J. Sinclair. "Ishmael as travel writer, Moby-Dick's reworking of the travel narrative". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq24926.pdf.

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Hallberg, Annika. "Post-travel consumption : country-of-origin effects of international travel experiences /". Göteborg : Department of business administration, School of economics and commercial law, Göteborg university, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40009577m.

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Wu, Chi-Mei Emily. "An exploratory study of Taiwanese seniors' travel motivations and travel behavior /". Search for this dissertation online, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ksu/main.

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Azariah, Deepti Ruth. "Mapping the travel blog : a study of the online travel narrative". Thesis, Curtin University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1027.

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This thesis examines the discursive tension between travel and tourism and analyses how narrative techniques negotiate this in travel blogs. This discursive analysis uses various theories of narrative and self-presentation, particularly Bakhtin’s heteroglossia, polyphony, and speech genres, Goffman’s theories of self-presentation, and Graham Dann’s framework for tourist discourse. It finds that the underlying discursive tensions in travel blogs indicate a need for a more flexible approach to defining and analysing this form of communication.

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Chu, Jessica. "Sustainable Travel on YouTube: Discussion and Perception : How do YouTube travel vlogs discuss sustainable travel? How are they perceived?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-99040.

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The objective of this study is to explore how YouTube travel vlogs discuss sustainable travel and how they are perceived. By using framing analysis, the research codes are based on the three pillars of sustainability; economic, environmental, and social. Specifically, in the tourism contexts, this research seeks to identify narratives referring to local accommodations, restaurants, and shops, cultural, historical, and interactions with local communities, and finally, nature appreciation, use of environmental materials, and transportation. To understand perception 20 interviews are completed with an even split of female and male millennials. This paper concludes YouTube travel vlogs discuss sustainable travel indirectly and minimally. Economic and environmental codes were relatively easiest to identify in comparison to social codes. The varying definitions of social sustainability prove challenging to pinpoint in the coding process. Although there is a growing awareness of sustainable travel, ‘popular’ YouTube influencers are slow to adapt and add elements of sustainability to their messaging, yet perception levels were higher than expected. It proves important to increase sustainable travel messages among ‘popular’ social media influencers.

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Jones, David Francis. "Swift's use of the literature of travel in the composition of "Gulliver's travels"". Thesis, University of Warwick, 1987. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4211/.

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The primary aim of this thesis is to identify and assess the correspondences which occur between Gulliver's Travels and non fiction travel writing to which Swift is known to have had access before and during the period of composition. Books of travels listed by Harold Williams in Dean Swift's Library (Cambridge, 1932) have been consulted. In particular, the thesis examines the possible contribution of travel documents published by Hakluyt and Purchas. The method of research employed has been to concentrate upon themes such as the veracity of travel writers, stylistic features, primitive savages, strange islands, magic,attitudes to voyaging, bows and arrows, pygmies and giants, motives for travel, law and customs. The first chapter summarizes known and possible influences, considering the broad combination of fabulous and imaginary prose travel with Swift's mock realism. The second chapter develops the analysis of literary parody and considers the uneasy satirical relationship between travel lies and Gulliver's ironic veracity, with particular reference to magic and astrology. Chapters 3-7 comprise five regional studies of several themes which have been considered of special relevance to Gulliver's Travels, following this survey of travel writing. The conclusions reached in the course of the thesis relate to the allusive power and ironic depth of Gulliver's Travels. Whereas R.W. Frantz, W.A. Eddy, Arthur Sherbo and others have noticed incidental parallels in real travel literature, no comprehensive study exists of the subject as a whole. The thesis treats Hakluyt and Purchas in detail in working towards establishing the conventions of travel writing which are partly imitated and partly mocked by Swift. The extent to which it is intended that the reader should be conscious of the real travel background is also explored. Although source hunting can be an unprofitable activity, the large number of correspondences between Gulliver's Travels and the literature of real travel upon which the work is partly based suggest Swift was more conversant with voyages and travels than may have been presumed. These travel features appear to have been carefully intermingled with recognizable Homeric, Rabelaisian and Lucianic elements.

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22

Morakabati, Y. "Tourism, travel risk and travel risk perceptions : a study of travel risk perceptions and the effects of incidents on tourism". Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2007. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/10501/.

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When major incidents occur, whether in the form of natural disasters (for example, Tsunamis, hurricanes) or man-made incidents (such as acts of terrorism or war), there is an impact on travel flows and patterns. These impacts can be in the form of the volume of tourists that flow to a particular area, the characteristics of those tourists and/or the expenditure they make whilst there. The time required for destinations to recover from such incidents and the loss of tourism receipts depends upon a variety of factors such as the nature of the incident, the response of the destination to the incident and the impact that such events have on the travel risk perceptions of tourists. The purpose of this research is to examine the nature,magnitude and direct impacts of a selection of incidents and the time recovery period. Case studies of high profile events such as those that occurred in Egypt, Indonesia, Kenya, Spain, the UK and the USA have been selected because of the relative importance of the events and, to include a broad range of destination types. The incidents that have occurred will be examined through secondary data drawing heavily on related journal articles and the analyses of data that are published by the UNWTO, the World Bank and the relevant national governments. The literature analyses will look at the research that academics have undertaken when looking at specific incidents that occurred in the case study areas and in terms of their effects on tourism in general and to the areas involved. Data from published statistics will be used to examine tourist arrival trends prior to the incidents, immediately following. the incidents and the time period needed for the level of tourism activity to be restored to where it was likely to have been if the incident had not happened. Although the incidents are examined as individual case studies the analyses will also take a chronological approach to examine whether the impacts of major incidents diminishes with exposure to such events. That is, did the earlier terrorist attacks have a greater impact because of their novelty and therefore enhanced shock effect compared with later events even though the latter may have been of greater magnitude? The secondary analyses will also examine aspects such as whether there is a difference in impact if the incidents are specifically targeted at tourists in general rather than tourists of a particular nationality. Whenever events occur they may influence the perception of travellers in terms of the potential risks they face, related risks and how they may impact on the travel decisions of tourists, particularly non-business or discretionary tourists. There is a variety of risks that may influence the travel decisions of tourists including those relating to physical harm, financial loss and also the risk of dissatisfaction from their travel experience. The different types of risks that may influence travel decisions will be examined together with demographic characteristics of the travellers in order to explore whether there are differences in risk averseness between travellers from different countries of origin, age groups, gender, education and occupation. This aspect of the analysis will be driven by primary data analysis in the form of a questionnaire (physical and on-line) that uses both quantitative and qualitative instruments to determine travellers' travel-related risk perceptions and identify regions and countries that are felt to be high risk destinations by type of risk. The perceived risks will also be compared with actual risks as identified by insurance company claims data. Although limited in scope, this aspect of analysis will seek to identify whether travel-related risk perceptions mirror actual risks or whether they are driven by other factors such as media coverage of events. Using the man-made risks as the identifier, the regional aspects of travel-related risk will then be focused to one region of the planet in particular. This region is the Middle East plus some selected countries that share the same issues in relation to tourism development. Countries in this area have been beset by man-made incidents that have deterred the development of tourism in spite of the attractiveness of the region in terms of climate, heritage and culture. A comparative analysis is undertaken to look for commonalities and factors that explain the lack of tourism development in some countries. Using the findings from the secondary and primary data analyses the potential future of the region in general and Iran in particular will be examined using the Delphi technique by drawing upon the collective wisdom of some experts in tourism who have an understanding of tourism development in difficult political areas. Finally the research will attempt to pull all of these strands together to see if there are any identifiable guidelines that may help our understanding of travel related risks and whether there are any lessons that can be learned to inform the policy makers in troubled areas.

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23

Maréchal, Séverine. "Modelling the acquisition of travel information and its influence on travel behaviour". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/41835.

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Abstract (sommario):

This thesis contributes to the wider literature on the provision of travel information, and the associated response in travel patterns, by considering the acquisition of information sources as a choice, investigating its role in the choice of travel, and jointly modelling both behaviours. A novel conceptual framework is developed that considers both information and travel in a joint portfolio choice. An implementation framework is consequently formulated based on important assumptions, and two application contexts are defined. First, the strategic decision of acquiring information is considered for the first time as a consumption of a portfolio of information sources. Second, in disrupted travel conditions, the tactical decision to access information sources is conditioned in its choice set by alternatives that were strategically chosen. A revealed-preference survey instrument is innovatively developed to collect a rich and unique dataset about how travellers in the London public transport network acquire and use travel information and how they react to disrupted conditions on their usual commute. In the strategic context, results from the empirical study provide insights into individual's satiation with specific information sources based on the frequency of use, and the effect of cognitive costs. In the tactical context, the results highlight commuters' preferences for a combination of sources, in respect to the importance of delay amplitude and previous travel experience, the accuracy, and monetary and cognitive costs of sources, as well as the attitudinal motivation for seeking information. Travel responses are not demographic dependent, but are linked to corroboration of the information and the use of specific combinations of sources. Different applications of the models illustrate the impacts of those factors on travel behaviour and information acquisition. They emphasize useful contributions for service providers when envisaging information use, and for public transport operators and planners when predicting traveller response.

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24

Katt, Row. "Travel by bus and social exclusion: evidence from the National travel Survey". Thesis, University of York, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.489197.

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Abstract (sommario):

The provision of adequate access to transport is an important aspect of the prevention of social exclusion for low income groups who are less likely than other groups to have access to a private car. This research therefore explores the relationships between travel by bus and social exclusion. It also exarTilnes the extent to which the potential buses might have to improve access to transport for excluded and vulnerable groups of people without incurring the negative environmental costs of increasing car use can be realised within the context of current English transport policy.

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25

Basu, Debjani Feroza. "After the end of travel : twentieth-century French travel literatures and theories". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416102.

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Abstract (sommario):

This thesis investigates ways in which French travel writers since the twentieth centUfhave attempted to negotiate new subject matter for travel writing, without compromising the specificity of their role as both travellers and writers. The context for this study is the sense, popularized in the twentieth century, that travel, as a possibility. is faced with exhaustion. Concerns that there is nowhere left to go, that places and cultures have become homogeneous, and that travel is now a banal activity, are the basis of fears of the 'end of travel'. In response, a number of French travel writers have manifestly attempted to refresh the genre through practical innovation. However, there has been little recognition of this aspect of French travel writing by scholars ofliterature. In order to elucidate thematic innovations in twentieth-century French travel writing, this thesis explores interdisciplinary theories of travel, and examines how French travel writers construct travel in relation to overlapping practices and theories. Two major sociocultural developments - the rise of mass tomism and the increasing sophistication and rationalization of transport facilities - are fore grounded as factors blamed for the banalization of travel. These indicate nonnative conditions for traveL and are presented here as a reference point in the analysis of innovative travel practices. The final section of the thesis challenges some of the assumptions implicit in perceptions of the 'end of travel'. The notion that there is nowhere left to go is problematized by the subjective narratives of physically disabled persons, who may experience an end of literal travel that is an unexamined counterpart to a rhetorical fin des voyages. Also, science fiction and infonnation technology are sites for the negotiation of new fonns of travel that potentially undennine the notion that travel is an exhausted possibility. By focusing on the continuing importance of travel practices in a broad corpus of French travelogues, this thesis demonstrates the need for an interdisciplinary methodology that can account for thematic aspects of the geme, and it introduces new theoretical resources for this purpose. More specifically, it brings to attention, elucidates, and problematizes the privileged status of the body in contemporary French approaches to travel writing.

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26

Laine, Emmi. "Desirability, Values and Ideology in CNN Travel -- Discourse Analysis on Travel Stories". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för mediestudier, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-102742.

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Abstract (sommario):

Title: Values, Desirability and Ideology in CNN Travel -- a Discourse Analysis on Travel Stories Author: Emmi Laine Course: Journalistikvetenskap, Kandidatkurs, H13 J Kand (Bachelor of Journalism, Fall 2013), JMK, Stockholm University, Sweden Aim: The aim is to examine which values and ideologies CNN Travel fulfills in their stories. Method: Qualitative discourse analysis. Summary: This Bachelor ́s thesis asks what is desirable, which are the values of CNN Travel, the major U.S. news corporation CNN ́s online travel site. The question has been answered through a qualitative discourse analysis on 20 chosen travel stories, picked by their relevancy, diversity, and their expressive tone. Due to the limited space and the specific textual method, the analysis was restricted to the editorial texts of these stories. The chosen method was discourse analyst Norman Fairclough ́s model of evaluation, which revealed the explicit and implicit ways the media texts suggest desired characteristics. These linguistic devices took the readers ́ agreement for granted, as they imposed a shared cultural ground with common values, which is a base for a mutual understanding. After identifying the explicit and implicit evaluations, they were organized according to some major discursive themes found in the texts, and finally analyzed in order to expose their underlying values. The results showed how these certain values brought forth certain ideologies, to some extent in keeping with recent research of tourism and travel journalism. As the study has been put into a larger context of related research, the following pages will first explain some larger concepts of discourse analysis, such as representation, cultural stereotypes, ideology and power. A cross-section from older to more contemporary theories in culture studies has been utilized; moving from Edward Said ́s postcolonial classic Orientalism, an example of cultural stereotyping, to the more recent topics of ‘promotion culture’ and consumerism, and tourism researcher John Urry ́s ideas about the consumption of places and the ‘tourist gaze.’ In the end, the study considers what kind of power does travel journalism possess over the represented tourism destinations. Finally, when questioning the travel journalists ́ legitimacy and power to represent the travel destinations, poststructuralist Michel Foucault ́s theory about the ‘regime of truth,’ as well as Antonio Gramsci ́s ideas of ‘hegemony,’ theory of dominance through consent, were discussed and confirmed.

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27

Ala, Amjadi Maryam. "Travel and identity : cross-cultural representations in Safavid travel texts (1505-1741)". Thesis, University of Kent, 2017. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/63876/.

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This thesis is primarily centered on the textual analysis of ten Persian travel narratives composed during the Safavid age (1501-1736), when Shiite Islam emerged as the official religion of Iran, or more precisely, during what I define as the discursive Safavid period, which begins in 1505, a few years after the establishment of the Safavid rule, and ends in 1741, nearly a decade after their decline and eventual fall. I explore Safavid travel writing in the context of other literary texts, as well as jurisprudential treatises that were produced for the purpose of officially delineating the tenets of the newly established religion. The largely theo-political shift that demarcated the Perso-Shiite identity, from, predominantly, the Sunni and non-Iranian Other, contributed to the realignment of Iran's literary and cultural landscapes. In this light, the thesis investigates the portrayal of the Safavid Persian/Iranian Shiite identity in Persian travel narratives through the intersections of gender, travel practices that shape individual and communal sense of autonomy, homeland and sense of belonging, and poetry, as the creative expression of the language of self-reference and self-inscription. The immediate focus of this study is to inform and challenge notions of Iranian-ness and Shiite-ness, past and present, through exploring Iran's history of alternative methods of cultural production, creative expression and diverse definitions of mobility, and the Safavids' relationship to identity construction and formation in the trajectory of contacts and encounters with non-Iranians. By exploring complex relationships between mobility and identity in the ten Safavid Persian travel narratives, five of which were composed in verse, what this thesis hopes to accomplish is an exercise in rethinking Iranian identity, that is not so much defined in terms of or against Western paradigms of Iranian-ness, but rather in terms of Iranian travel culture and the history of self-inscriptions and selfhood.

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28

Bush, Sarah 1973. "Forecasting 65+ travel : an integration of cohort analysis and travel demand modeling". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29941.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-104).
Over the next 30 years, the Boomers will double the 65+ population in the United States and comprise a new generation of older Americans. This study forecasts the aging Boomers' travel. Previous efforts to forecast 65+ travel are lacking in key two respects: they have failed to incorporate generation differences and have forecasted only broad travel characteristics (e.g. vehicle miles traveled). Drawing on the theory of generations, this study investigates empirically whether cohort differences in travel exist between the Boomers and the current 65+ population. It incorporates theoretically motivated cohort variables related to the historical processes of motorization, proxied by registered automobiles per person, and gender role evolution, proxied by labor force participation rates of women. The resulting forecast predicts the aging Boomers' travel demand with respect to activities requiring travel, person miles traveled, usage of transit and non-motorized modes, and trip chaining propensity. Data extracted from the 1977, 1983, 1990, and 1995 National Personal Transportation Surveys (NPTS) are used to estimate discrete and joint discrete/continuous demand models. Multiple imputation is used to impute missing survey data. Iterative proportional fitting is used to simulate future populations for forecasting purposes. Although 65+ travel is predicted to increase across all the modeled travel indicators, the results indicate that the current national forecast of 65+ travel prepared for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services may overestimate future demand. The forecasts also suggest that investment in transit could increase 65+ transit usage propensities; opportunities for increasing transit viability are identified.
(cont.) Finally, in the estimated models, the cohort variables are significant, and with the exception of forecasted person-miles, cohort variable inclusion increases forecasted travel. The implication for transportation modeling is that historical location and generation membership affects transportation behavior. The implication for planners is that in preparing for future 65+ transportation needs, studying the current 65+ population is not adequate. The Boomers will comprise a new generation of 65+ with different associated travel needs.
by Sara Bush.
Ph.D.

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29

Majchrowicz, Daniel Joseph. "Travel, Travel Writing and the "Means to Victory" in Modern South Asia". Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467221.

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Abstract (sommario):

This dissertation is a history of the idea of travel in South Asia as it found expression in Urdu travel writing of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Though travel has always been integral to social life in South Asia, it was only during this period that it became an end in itself. The imagined virtues of travel hinged on two emergent beliefs: that travel was a requisite for inner growth, and that travel experience was transferable. Consequently, Urdu travel writers endorsed travel not to reach a particular destination but to engender personal development, social advancement and communal well-being. Authors conveyed the transformative power of travel to their readers through accounts that traced out their inner journeys through narratives of physical travel, an ideal echoed in an old proverb that re-emerged at this time: “travel is the means to victory.” This study, which draws on extensive archival research from four countries, represents the most comprehensive examination of travel writing in any South Asian language. Through a diachronic analysis of a wealth of new primary sources, it indexes shifting valuations of travel as they relate to conceptualizations of the self, the political and the social. It demonstrates that though the idea of beneficial travel found its first expression in accounts commissioned by a colonial government interested in inculcating modern cosmopolitan aesthetics, it quickly developed a life of its own in the public sphere of print. This dynamic literary space was forged by writers from across the social spectrum who produced a profusion of accounts that drew inspiration from Indic, Islamic and European traditions. In the twentieth century, too, travel writing continued to evolve and expand as it adapted to the shifting dimensions of local nationalisms and successive international conflicts. In independent India and Pakistan, it broke new ground both aesthetically and thematically as it came to terms with the post-colonial geography of South Asia. Yet, throughout this history,Urdu travel writing continued to cultivate the idea that the journey was valuable for its own sake.
Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations

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30

RAMALHO, VEIGA SIMAO JOSE PEDRO. "Impacts of Advanced Travel Information Systems on Travel Behaviour: Smartmoov’ case study". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2543412.

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What are the effects of multimodal real-time information on travel behaviour? Large amounts of money have been invested to implement in the cities such systems, but until now few assessments have been done to verify if it contributes to a real modal shift and, in the higher end, to a more sustainable mobility. This research aims at thoroughly assessing the effectiveness of multimodal real-time information systems, pointing out the limitations before their use and recording the changes induced on the travel behaviour. Two wave questionnaires were designed and administered to a sample of 46 persons before and after a five months experimentation where a multimodal real-time information application for Smartphones (Smartmoov’) was tested after its implemented in the city of Lyon, in 2013. Besides the questionnaires twelve focus groups were conducted with the same sample, six before and six after the experimentation. The survey was aimed at investigating the potential changes of travel behaviour of the sample. Descriptive analysis, parametric and non-parametric tests, factor analysis and binary logistic regression were used as statistical approaches to analyse the collected data and evaluate the effectiviness of Smartmoov’. Before the experimentation, it was understood that participants had no constrains towards the use of the Smartmoov’, being its use under a positive outlook: almost everyone was expert in the technology and was familiar with the concept of Smartmoov’. The travellers’ assessment of the travel planner was initially modestly positive, but it decreased over time and, after the experimentation, the use of the different modes remained stable while a small increase of the car for the most frequent trip was observed. The perceived behaviour control and the intentions to change mode did not show variations after the experimentation; this fact points out that the behaviour is not completely reasoned, being partly under the influence of the habitual performance. The stability of the mode used, of the perceived behavioural control and of the intentions show that mobility is strongly influenced by the high frequency of the past behaviour. In fact, the mobility habits are a heavy burden on the process of modal choice. Nevertheless, information can play a role on modal shift, but only if it is strong enough to interrupt the patterns of routine commutes. The results of the experimentation were in line with previous studies; few people used this app on a daily basis or for planning daily commuting, but they most often used Smartmoov’ to plan occasional travels. Furthermore, people did not show any willingness to pay to use Smartmoov’ neither before or after the experimentation.

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31

Sheppard, George. "Personalised intelligent travel assistant /". Leeds : University of Leeds, School of Computer Studies, 2008. http://www.comp.leeds.ac.uk/fyproj/reports/0708/Sheppard.pdf.

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32

Sumner, James D. "Travel writing and satire". Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2013. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590815.

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Abstract (sommario):

The purpose of my thesis is to explore the hlstory of British travel writing and to consider how the literature of exploration, which initially presented itself as factual, evolved into the fictional use of travel writing. In order to provide a context for travel writing, I will be looking at the work of Porter, Mills, Pratt, Chard, Hulme and Youngs before discussing the Grand Tourist ( 1660-1 837) and the growth of mass touri sm under Thomas Cook. In order to consider early-twentieth-century travel writing in this context of mass touri sm, I propose to engage specifically with Peter Fleming's Brazilian Adventure (1933) and Robert Byron's The Road to Oxiana (1937). Evelyn Waugh, at various times, acted both as a friend and a reviewer to both Byron and Fleming. The thesis will then focus upon Evelyn Waugh's work and look at the differences between his travel writing and the fictional use of travel in his fiction. Waugh's writing style has been important to me in the development of my own.

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33

Conocimiento, Dirección de Gestión del. "Journal of Travel Research". SAGE Publishing, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655348.

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34

Oscarsson, Anna. "The Spirit of Travel". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, JMK, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-137927.

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Abstract (sommario):

I denna uppsats har två filmer ur kampanjserien The Spirit of Travel från lyxmodevarumärket Louis Vuitton analyserats med syftet att undersöka om det är någon skillnad i att marknadsföra sig med eller utan celebrity endorsement. De frågeställningar jag ämnat besvara är vilka kärnvärden och attribut som kommer tilltals, hur förkroppsligandet skiljer sig åt i de två filmerna samt vilken betydelse en celebritet kan ha för ett varumärke. Filmerna fungerar som reklamkampanj för varumärkets produkter samtidigt som de agerar resekatalog. De båda filmerna utspelas på tropiska destinationer, den ena med ett antal till synes anonyma fotomodeller och den andra med två välkända celebriteter. Studien har utförts med den kvalitativa analysmodellen semiotisk bildanalys vilket jag kombinerat med en retorisk analys då filmerna innehåller både bild, text och berättarröst. Jag har använt mig av en befintlig modell för att undersöka hur mening överförs från varumärke genom celebritet till konsument. Denna modell har jag applicerat på mitt empiriska material för att se vilken typ av identifikationsform vi som mottagare känner gentemot Louis Vuitton och vad det faktiskt är vi mottagare identifierar oss med. Varumärkets vision är att konsumenterna ska se resan som själva upplevelsen och inte destinationen. Varumärkets kärnvärden resa, historia och hantverk framställs tydligt i de båda filmerna. Analysen har visat att celebriteterna förmedlar självsäkerhet, styrka, oräddhet och nyfikenhet. Celebriteterna förhöjer produkterna och får dem att kännas ännu mer exklusiva. Fotomodellerna å andra sidan framstår mer som rekvisita vilket förstärks av de poser de arrangerats i för att framhäva varumärkets produkter. Av analysen utläser jag att de identitetsdrag vi som mottagare borde vilja identifiera oss med förutom kropparna och celebriteternas skönhet, är styrka. Analysen har visat att användningen av celebriteter i marknadsföring således är ett sätt för både celebritet och varumärke att marknadsföra sig genom. En fotomodell är inte kapabel att skapa samma individualisering och karaktärisering i samma utsträckning som en celebritet vilket visat sig tydligt i denna studie.

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Shih-Neng, Lin, e 林世能. "Tea Farm Visitors’ Travel Experience Quality, Travel Experience Value, Travel Satisfaction and Travel Loyalty". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/n3rx2p.

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Abstract (sommario):

碩士
國立嘉義大學
管理學院碩士在職專班
96
Using Alishan National Scenic Area as a case study, the research is to explore the relationship between tea farm visitors’ travel experience quality, travel experience value, travel satisfaction and travel loyalty. The hypotheses of this study are: (1) tea farm visitors’ travel experience quality will positively impact their travel experience value, (2) tea farm visitors’ travel experience value will positively impact their travel satisfaction, (3) tea farm visitors’ travel satisfaction will positively impact their travel loyalty, and (4) tea farm visitors’ travel experience quality will positively impact their travel loyalty. By convenience sampling, 448 valid questionnaires were collected at the tea farm of Shih-Cho around the Alishan Express Way. This research found that tea farm visitors’ travel experience quality positively impacted their travel experience value; tea farm visitors’ travel experience value positively impacted their travel satisfaction; tea farm visitors’ travel satisfaction positively impacted their travel loyalty; and, tea farm visitors’ travel experience quality positively impacted their travel loyalty. Based on the above findings, this study made suggestions to the tea farmers and related government agencies as their planning and management references

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YANG, LI-PING, e 楊麗平. "The Research of Life Style, Travel Motivation, Travel Risk and Travel Decision". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hb6guz.

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Abstract (sommario):

碩士
高苑科技大學
經營管理研究所
107
All of us in the world have our own grow-up background and different environment. Everyone has different life-style and characters, and the reaction or the way of decision will be totally different. About traveling, people need to decide all kinds of questions and make the plan. Such as, weather, culture, safety problems, environment, price and contagious disease might change our decision and motivation. In the study, it would set up the questionnaire about life-style, travel motivation and travel risk. The study tries to find out the connection between life-style and travel decisions. 403 anonymous questionnaires are collected from the Internet, and there are five parts in the questionnaire: background investigation, life-style scale, travel motivation scale, travel risk scale and travel decision list. People who do the questionnaire include all kinds of ages, incomes, careers, education level and so on. With SPSS statistic software operation, the collected data are processed by descriptive statistic, item analysis, reliability analysis, confirmatory factory analysis, one-way ANOVA, chi-square test and regression analysis. The conclusion are listed in the following: 1. Most of the life-style of the trial subjects were the Independence. 2. The Physiological Motivation was the most one of all kinds of travel motivation. 3. The Traffic Risk was the most one of all kinds of travel risk. 4. Of all the backgrounds, genders, education levels and careers show the significant difference about travel motivation. 5. Of all the backgrounds, marital status shows the significant difference about travel risk. 6. Of all the travel motivation, Self-Actualization Motivation shows the significant difference about life style. 7. Of all the travel risks, Security Risk shows the significant difference about life style. 8. Of all the travel decisions, the resource of travel information and the difference ways of travel show no significant difference about travel motivation. 9. Of all the travel decisions, the information resource, the cost, the destination, the intended length of stay, the mental condition and the time of travel show no significant difference about travel risk. 10. All kinds of life style show no significant difference about travel decision. 11. Of all the travel risks, only Natural Risk and Psychological Risk show the prediction about travel motivation.

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Yang, Ting-Yen, e 楊婷雁. "A study on senior personality, travel motivation, travel involvement and travel behavior in Kaohsiung". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/brhg53.

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Abstract (sommario):

碩士
朝陽科技大學
休閒事業管理系
105
As the aged trend is coming, Tourism Bureau and travel agencies popularize senior journey. The purpose of this study was to use appropriate models to investigate senior travel behaviors; it would be helpful for the benefit of senior travel. Structural equation model was adopted to analysis the data. The research shows that extraversion trait only has a positive impact on interpersonal needs. Open trait has a positive impact on security needs, knowledge needs and interpersonal needs. Conscientious trait has a positive impact on security needs and interpersonal needs. Agreeable trait only has a positive impact on interpersonal needs. Neurotic trait has a positive impact on knowledge needs and interpersonal needs. In terms of senior travel behaviors, the main behavior is to explore and experience, and the next one is to interact with others. The last one is to trust the store and buy things. Seniors’ needs are more important than the needs of the family. So when they would like to buy something, they would think about themselves first. On the other hand, when the consumers don’t trust the store, they won’t buy anything. Seniors can’t trust the store so that it may result in low purchase intention.

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Wu, Bor-Liang, e 吳柏良. "Family Travel Motives, Travel Types and Travel Decision-Making: The Perceptions of Yuanlin Residents :". Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86054542428883198890.

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Abstract (sommario):

碩士
大葉大學
休閒事業管理學系碩士班
93
Following the economic development, people have paid more and more attention to the quality of life in recent years. The demands for mass tourism or family travel have been increased dramatically. On the other hand, each family member, who may has her/his own perception on the issues such as travel motives, travel types, and the process of decision-making, could play a key factor to influence family travel and consumptive behavior. The purposes of this study were to investigate the perspectives of family member from different family style, and to analyze the characteristics regarding their travel motives, destination choice, and final decision-making. The sampling objects were family members of Yuanlin Township in Changhua County. In total of 318 valid questionnaires were deliverd and collected. The Statistical Package for the Social Science(SPSS 10.0) system was utilized for the data analysis. Statistical methods include Descriptive statistics, Analysis-of-Variance (ANOVA), Scheffe method, and Pearson’s correlation analysis. The findings of the research indicated that four hypotheses have been proven partially sustained. Five conclusions were drawn based of the results. They are: 1.Relationship building, physical/psychological relaxation and recuperation are major motives for family travel. 2. Parent-child type, outdoor type, and safe facility are main elements for destination choice. 3. Couple-common and parent-offspring common are important influencing factors for decisions-making. 4. Well-planned family travel could strengthen the relationships among family members and enhance the quality of life. 5. Most couple have consensus in relation to decision-making of family travel. It seems wife/mother tends to be more willing to listen and consider child’s idea or suggestion. Finally, several recommendations for future research and for the operation of tourism business were suggested. Key words: Family style, travel motives, travel types, travel decision-making

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39

Tsai, Ying-Huan, e 蔡盈緩. "Couchsurfers’ Travel Motivation, Participation Characteristics and Travel Experience". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01239429233097752865.

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Abstract (sommario):

碩士
國立臺北教育大學
社會與區域發展學系碩士班
102
Couchsurfing is a new favorable way of traveling nowadays. Couchsurfers, do not stay in hotels or hostels as their first choice, but rather set upon their journey through a hospitality exchange network (i.e. couchsurfing.org) that enables travelers to locate locals who would offer them free accommodation This study aims at observing those couchsurfers’ travel motivation, participation characteristics and travel experience and is constructed as a qualitative research. As for the research data, eight Taiwanese couchsurfers are selected to constitute our study samples. The study findings are as follows: The age between those couchsurfers ranks from twenty-two to thirty-three, mostly unmarried; educational background shows they are either masters or bachelors. As for occupation, majority of them are students or work in service industry. Their estimated income is between twenty thousand to forty thousand New Taiwan dollars. As for their personal characteristics, three types of the followings: openness to experience, extraversion and agreeableness can best represent those couchsurfers in this study. The destinations of their journey locate mostly in Europe and Japan. They like to travel solo or with a few company only. The duration of their lodging depends on their interactive situation with hosts, and on hosts’ habits. They gain their traveling information from their hosts firstly, from internet blogs the second, and then from guide books the last. The types of motivation of couchsurfers can be analyzed consequently as two types. The first type is push factors, which are: cultural motivation, interpersonal motivation, self-actualized motivation. The second is pull factors, constituted of the features of journey’s destination and the lodging conditions provided by their hosts. To couchsurfs, free hostage, curiosity towards people and culture, and different experience of way of living are most concerned. From anticipated phase, on-site activities to recollection phase, couchsurfers’ travel experience is a serial process, focusing mainly on educational orientation experience and fulfillment orientation experience; and supportively on adventure experience and entertainment experience.

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40

CHANG, NAI-HSUAN, e 張乃瑄. "Senior Travelers' Travel Characteristics and Preferred Travel Products". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14080398216278779059.

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Abstract (sommario):

碩士
世新大學
觀光學研究所(含碩專班)
104
With the society population structure changes, the seniors are perceived as more and more important. Their body functions are still healthy. More proportion of seniors go abroad enhance, so travel agency starts to concern about older people. They will promote the suitable products of older people for the characteristics and needs. In the future, tourism products tend to theme products, each state of travel agencies use local and natural resources to design the theme tours. Therefore, this research will investigate including travel characteristic and travel products preference. According to the past literature, it indicates that socio-economic background and travel characteristics influence on travel products preference. So this research takes three different concepts to survey,the three concepts are including socio-economic, travel characteristics and travel products preference. In the concepts of travel products preference, I design twenty different theme tours by myself, use to survey what will choose for older people. For the results, we will provide some suggestions for travel enterprise on development and promotion about theme tours. The study uses purposive sampling method to survey. At last, 375 valid questionnaires are gained, the data was analyzed by SPSS, and tried to figure out the impact between the various facets of the result. In results of the study, senior’s age,education level, healthy condition and each month revenue are directly impact on their travel characteristics. And seniors prefer static and ornamental theme tour. Finally, the part of the travel characteristics and travel products preference is significant impact, so when people choose their favorite tours, they will according to personal characteristics and past tour experience.

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41

Tsao, Ting-Yu, e 曹庭毓. "Travel Contrac". Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12961890817627996332.

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42

Chen, Wan-Yu, e 陳琬渝. "Inherent Travel". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68125844969823488076.

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Abstract (sommario):

碩士
國立臺北教育大學
藝術與造形設計學系碩士班
102
What is shape of clay in your imagination? “Clay” never decides anything. In the clay space, painting, daubing, flinging, striking, kneading, molding, shaping, burning, and finishing in all process feel and realize the experiences of life you have in every motion. Contrary to making clay, experiencing all what he has to find a balance of irrelevant judging value in the modern jumbled information society. It gradually shortens the distance of imagination and reality, and it has original direction between fluidity. This creature via through the drag and attack living in the modern society understand the various factors which are brought to itself pressure. It attempts to person’s view to look for the reason of misunderstanding and hostile other people’s existence still existing in the modern society. It explores the strength of everyone’s mind and makes easily to understand each other by the clay creature. “Internal” is a process, maybe it is in the beginning, process, or terminal. It is displaying such process in the present, and hopes to let more spirit space shaped and transform to a proceeding process. Therefore, it will know that it is all the process.

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43

Hsiao-Chan, Tsai, e 蔡曉嬋. "A Study on Travel Motivations、 Travel Barrier and Travel Behavior of the Residents in Penghu". Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50880339158955386828.

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Abstract (sommario):

碩士
亞洲大學
休閒與遊憩學系碩士班
94
Penghu Islands is surrounded by the sea, there are abundant tourist resources, but in the special condition of living in the offshore island, the travel research of residents in Penghu is very few. This study aimed to investigate the travel motivations, travel barrier and travel behavior of the residents in Penghu, and investigating the difference population characteristics, and investigating the difference in the residents different characteristics on travel motivations, travel barrier and travel behavior, The research results and findings were then offered to the government and tourism business, so that the residents’ needs could be further fulfilled. To reach the goals above, the researcher first collected the relative literature and studies of the ravel motivations, travel barrier and travel behavior to serve as the basis and framework of the study. Then, the researcher designed, tested, and revised the questionnaires. The sampling method is Stratified sampling.Calculate with people's rate of five townships and one city. Grants 430 shares altogether, and taken out, three hundred and ninety-one valid questionnaires were obtained. After inputting the information, the researcher made descriptive statistical analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, one-way anova, scheffe methed and chi-square tests by using the statistical software SPSS. The findings were as follows: 1.Result of study Originally research and analyse find resident's tourist motive factor for ' experience and study ', ' physiology and psychology are relaxed ', ' since I am sure and show off ', ' develop the social activity and technical ability ', sex , age , family's state , all there is difference of showing in the tourist motive; And residents travel and hinder factor in order to grows the psychological obstacle , ' the security obstacle ' , ' the environment and economic obstacle ' , ' relatives and friends Support obstacle ', ' accountability obstacle ', gender, age , personal average monthly income , family state , education degree , in travel in hindering for difference of showing job, residents participate in the behavior result of the tourist activity over the past year in addition, the number of times that residents travel is mostly 1 times; and spend 2~3 days in the travel ; the cost between NT20,001～50,000 equally; Transportation fares on travel cost averagly at most ; Most travel information sources from is an internet network; The traveler make the travel decision themselves .policy; By plane is the Most of The way of traffic for tourism. Travel companions are mostly relatives of family; The travel way is the travel at one's own expense , all there is difference of showing in the behavior of travelling between the gender, age , family's state , education degree , personal average monthly income and job. 2.propose Relevant family property person and unit can design and travel and recuperate , experience the journey that the local conditions and customs combine healthily , in order to meet resident's different tourist motives, but the traffic and weather can utilize tired and false way to hinder respect residents, come accumulate and extended period false day, but relevant family property person can cooperate with government unit, strengthen and propagate and popularize the tourist activity, and introduce the favourable or overbalanced travel journey regularly, bear for the transportation expenses which reduces residents, promote residents' travel will; In addition to plane and steamer two means of transportation these, plane and steamer is it navigate facility and other enhancement of security to promote to want to go, will not stop because of weather factor in this case.

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44

SHIAW, Ming-shong, e 蕭銘雄. "THE VALUE OF TRAVEL TIME:AN ACTIVITY-BASED TRAVEL ANALYSIS". Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19618817645936767205.

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45

Hsu, Wan-Ting, e 許菀庭. "Skyline Travel Route: Exploring Skyline for Travel Route Recommendation". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/352q7x.

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Abstract (sommario):

碩士
國立交通大學
資訊科學與工程研究所
102
With the advance of location positioning technology and some geo-Web services (e.g., EveryTrail), users can easily use mobile Apps to record their travel experiences via photos and trip trajectories. Prior works have elaborated on trip planning in mining travel routes from a huge number of trajectories. However, most of the travel routes mined may have some overlapping Regions-Of-Interest (ROIs) information, which incur some redundant travel information. Moreover, each ROI may have its appropriate visiting time, and users may also have their own preferred must-see ROIs (referred to as a set of query points). The above two factors are not considered in prior works. Thus, in this paper, given a spatial range $Q$ and a set of query points specified by users, the goal of this paper is to return the travel routes that fulfill two requirements: 1.) travel routes should contain all those query points specified, and 2.) travel routes should be within the spatial range Q. Furthermore, we claim that each query point may have its proper visiting time. As such, the travel routes should go through these query points at their corresponding proper visiting time. To avoid some redundant information in the travel routes, we utilize the skyline concept to retrieve travel routes with more diversity. Specifically, in our paper, we consider some factors, such as the visiting time information of POIs and the set of query points, in retrieving travel routes. These factors could be mapped into dimensional spaces. Then, each travel route is viewed as a data point in the dimensional space. Thus, skyline data points (referred to as skyline travel routes) are returned as the query result. To evaluate our proposed methods, we conducted extensive experiments on real datasets. The experimental results show that skyline travel routes indeed provide more diversity in the query result. In addition, we evaluate the efficiency of retrieving skyline travel routes.

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46

Huang, Peng Ju, e 黃鵬儒. "Factors of Travel Blog Effects Travel Decisions of Readers". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39289364801641943989.

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Abstract (sommario):

碩士
國立臺北教育大學
社會科教育學系碩士班
97
As the age of web 2.0 is coming right now, blog becomes flourish and popular. It is more extensive and sharing that almost everyone has it. Along with blog system getting mature, it generates lot themes. No matter what kind of blog, it would have professional blogger to write, share information, and interact with their readers online. Even enterprise is starting to pay much attention to these opinions of blogger who has highly popularity, and also attaching importance to blog marketing. This context points to travel theme of travel blog. Researcher believes that if you get readers’ motivation and factors of travel blog effects decisions well nowadays, and then you will seize specific direction on travel blog of application and schedule in the future. This context contains a questionnaire for readers based on a professional travel blog, and deep interview of the blogger. It is higher trust on travel blog than normal travel web on 151 available questionnaires at trust attitude part. And reading motivation part divides into three concepts through factor analysis: “searching information,” “relaxing,” ”broadening horizons.” Factors of travel decision are” information content,” “opinion interflow,” ”trust feeling” and” blogger effect”. Researcher draws up one travel blog based on these three motivations and four factors. There are substantial benefits on planning process, and the blog owns visitors and responses. These could be a specific reference for correlative industries to build a travel blog in the future.

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47

Lee, Chien-Hsun, e 李建勳. "Exploring the Relationship between Travel Motivation and Travel Involvement". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55550626642218278672.

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Abstract (sommario):

碩士
玄奘大學
企業管理學系碩士班
101
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between travel motivation and travel involvement. In addition, impacts of these two factors on travel intention and travel behavior were also analyzed. There were four dimensions included in this study, travel motivation (Push power), travel destination (pull power), travel intention, and travel behavior. Adopting questionnaire as the research method and taking tourists in northern area as subjects, this study received 271 valid questionnaires in total from March to April in 2013. Data were being analyzed by the statistical software, SPSS, while description statistic, reliability and validity analysis, relativity analysis, and regression analysis were also adopted. Results of this study were as follows. The item which gained the highest score among the forcing power were “would like to travel without any worry temporarily”. The item which gained the highest score among the dragging power were “the scenery is full of exotic atmosphere”. For the aspect of travel involvement, it is “travel is an activity worth spending time; for the aspect of travel intention, it is “I think everyone should travel from time to time”. It is revealed that when planning a tour, participants would take these factors into their consideration. Final conclusions of this study can be classified in the following way. First, although travel motivation and travel involvement relates in a certain way, the linear relationship between them is not high. Also, the relation of each dimension does not agree in a good manner. Second, travel motivation and travel involvement can definitely explain travel intention and travel behavior, both in a respective and in a joint manner. However, this phenomenon does not exhibit in most dimensions of travel motivation. Based on the results and the purpose of this study, here comes the suggestions. It is hoped that by elevating the travel quality and the travel motivation can the travel competition be promoted.

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48

Gaprindashvili, Sopio. "Measuring perceived service quality at travel agency best travel". Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/6306.

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Classificação: M10 Business Administration (General) Y40 Dissertations
A indústria de prestação de serviços tem-se desenvolvido por todo o mundo e o seu peso na economia aumenta de ano para ano. A avaliação dos serviços tornou-se importante para identificar factores para a melhoria destes. A melhoria da qualidade do serviço e uma boa percepção do mesmo irão levar à satisfação do consumidor, à sua retenção e a um passa-palavra positivo. O objectivo desta investigação foi medir a qualidade percebida do serviço prestado pela agência de viagens Best Travel. A revisão de literatura enquadrou-se na avaliação da qualidade percebida pelos consumidores de modo a ir ao encontro do objectivo da investigação. O instrumento SERVPERF foi usado para recolha de dados sobre as variáveis identificadas e sobre o modelo desenvolvido durante a revisão de literatura. Foram usadas estatísticas descritivas e testes de hipóteses paramétricos e não paramétricos para identificar quais os aspectos que influenciam a percepção da qualidade do serviço prestado. De acordo com a revisão de literatura, variáveis como a idade, o género, a ocupação, o nível educational, o propósito da viagem, a frequência do uso dos serviços, a agência se franchisada e a localização da agência foram usadas para avaliar se alguma delas teriam influência sobre a qualidade da percepção do serviço. Os resultados da regressão linear múltipla indicam que as dimensões Empatia e Confiança são as que mais contribuem para explicar a variabilidade da qualidade global do serviço. A regressão linear múltipla ainda permitiu concluir que as cinco dimensões da qualidade do serviço explicam uma proporção elevada da variação na qualidade global na agência de viagens Best Travel. Por último, são indicadas limitações aos resultados apurados e indicadas pistas para investigação futura.
Service industries are developing throughout the world and their share in the economy is increasing every year. Service assessment has become important to identify factors for improving the service. Improving service quality and good perception of service will lead to customer satisfaction, customer retention, and positive word of mouth. The goal of this study is to measure the perceived service quality of the customers of Best Travel Agency. A literature review surveyed recent research on evaluation of customer’s perceived quality and provided the main guidelines to achieve the goal of the research. The SERVPERF instrument was used to collect data on the variables identified and the model developed through literature review. Descriptive statistics and parametric and non-parametric hypothesis tests where used to identify the aspects that influence the service quality perceived. According to literature review, variables such as age, gender, occupation, education, purpose of the trip, frequency of usage of the service, franchise, and location of the agency, were used to see whether any of them have influence on the perceived service quality. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that Empathy and Reliability are the variables that contribute the most to explain the variability of the overall quality of the service. Multiple linear regression analysis also allowed concluding that the five dimensions of service quality explain a high proportion of the variation in overall quality of Best Travel. Finally comes the conclusion, some limitations are identified and recommendations were given for further research.

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49

(17961), Robert Clarke. "Sublime travel: Allegory in three Central Australian travel texts". Thesis, 2000. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Sublime_travel_Allegory_in_three_Central_Australian_travel_texts/19352453.

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Central Australia plays an important role in a range of myths about modern Australian national identity, as well as global ideologies concerning the relationship between 'modern' societies and their 'pre -modern others'. This thesis examines three travel texts about Central Australia and analyses the manner in which they work as 'allegories of appropriation'. The texts selected (the fourth journal of John McDouall Stuart, 1860; C.T. Madigan's Central Australia, 1936; and, Bruce Chatwin's The Songlines, 1987) represent three different stages in the European colonisation of this region. This thesis looks at the manner in which these texts are related in various ways. These include the splitting of 'visual' and 'temporal' codes, their commitment to the discourses of primitivism, and their reliance on the rhetoric of the sublime. These shared elements, it is argued, explaining the ways these are consistent with the ideologies and epistemologies which legitimized the European appropriation of the territory. It also provides a model for analysing the way contemporary texts continue to reflect a range of discourses and ideologies that are associated with the colonial past. At the same time the thesis argues that the texts suggest alternative stories through which one can be read the ideological failure of colonial imperial enterprise. Drawing on deconstructive and post -colonial theory, as well focusing on traditional literary concepts such as allegory and the sublime, this thesis argues that not only is it possible to read in these texts a range of contradictions but that it is possible to chart alternative allegories, ones which resist the essentialising and oppressive rhetorics of the past.

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50

賴皇杉. "Theme travel in Europe：a study of MIT travel service". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60637497318799250778.

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碩士
國立政治大學
經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
99
„ Theme Travel ‟ has become a trend in Taiwanese travel markets. 1979 Government opened Outbound Travel, the travel concept of Multi countries becomes single country or depth and elaborately during the pass 30 years travel evolution. It is easily to see from Taiwan‟s travel market promotion D.M. Tourism Bureau December 2010 data, number of 2,241 travel agents in Taiwan ( table 1-3 ) since 1988 open restriction for travel agent‟s license application. Under the keen competition of travel market, travel agents except to creating depth and elaborately travel products, various theme elements is more important to attracting and suffice for various travel market consumers. To appear social status, emphasize on Sumptuous Travel such as Burj Al Arab hotel in Dubai or luxury cruise as QE2 for crossing Atlantic Ocean, or focus on personal religion faith such as Pilgrimage Travel, or specially travel purpose such as Honey Moon, Study Tours….. Especially main business is focus on Europe travel market, travel agents need to performing as professional to connecting with value network, finding out how to making products segmentation, targeting Market, products positioning. And then to creating with “ Theme” travel products. Travel agents must to know the variation of the travel status in general and travel industrial. Effectively man power allocation for the structure and resources of firm. Realize the strength and weakness of firm for making match consumer needs travel products, and to survival in the field of keen competition travel market. In this study case, MIT Travel Service almost collapsed during the period of SARS. To focus on European Theme Travel, an innovative direct procurement business model and connecting value network supplies through internet to keep intangibly Europe Theme Travel products alive and materialize. European travel products by unique theme travel and innovation to creating plentifully and originality in various theme travel products. MIT to be affirmative from cooperates and acceptable from travel consumer. Innovative European Theme Travel will become a trend and main stream from European travel market in Taiwan. According to some of the travel agents who focus on European travel products are building up value network and creating more and more theme elements in expertise theme travel.

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