Tesi sul tema "Transition à la maternité"
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Guez, Hava. "Psychopathologie et attachement dans la transition à la maternité". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080042.
Perinatal mental health is a major societal concern; suicide has become the second cause of maternal mortality after cardiovascular disease, representing 13.4% of maternal deaths. The objective of this research was to study psychopathology among mothers during the transition to motherhood, in relation to contextual and relational variables as well as attachment representations.A first study was aimed at identifying trajectories of depression and anxiety during the transition to motherhood. Our sample consisted of 148 Canadian women (mean age: 21,66 years). They filled in a socio-demographic questionnaire, an inventory of psychological symptoms (Symptom Check-List, SCL-90), a measure of psychological stress (PSM), a dyadic adjustment scale (The Dyadic Adjustment Scale, DAS) and a social support questionnaire (SSQ). In a second study, we examined the links between burnout and anxious-depressive symptomatology. Our sample consisted of 70 French women (mean age: 31,19 years) who completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPSD), an Anxiety Inventory (STAI Trait/Etat), and the Parental Burnout Assessment (BPA). In a third study, we examined the links between attachment, anxious-depressive symptoms, and burnout. Thirty-five women (mean age: 31.32 years) filled in the EPSD, the STAI Trait/Etat and the PBA. The Attachment Multiple Model Interview was also administered to assess attachment to each parent and partner. Finally, to illustrate the results of our final study, we used the same sample with a qualitative approach.The results showed: (1) the existence of three distinct trajectories of depression and anxiety, one of them with a high level of symptoms that continued to increase during the transition to motherhood ; (2) that mothers’ family and personal environments can be linked to a set of correlated factors (family income, psychological stress, marital satisfaction, perception of social support) that predict mental health trajectories throughout the transition to motherhood ; (3) that disorganized attachment in the relationship with one’s own mother is linked to a composite measure of depressive and trait anxiety symptoms in the postpartum period ; (4) that deactivating attachment strategies with the partner are associated with having an anxious state in the postpartum period ; (5) that trait anxiety mediates the link between maternal attachment and parental burnout.Our results highlight the importance of:- prioritizing trajectory studies in the transition to motherhood. They make it possible to consider inter-individual differences in maternal profiles of adaptation, highlighting the need to pay particular attention to mothers at risk.- taking into account the personal and family context in which pregnancy takes place to anticipate the trajectories of depression and anxiety during the transition to motherhood.- a prenatal assessment allowing systematic early detection of mothers at risk.- systematic screening for anxiety during the prenatal examination to prevent burnout.- pay specific attention to attachment models and strategies in the postpartum period in order to intervene early through effective psychotherapies
Daigle, Christine. "La maternité chez les femmes scolarisées : une double transition en début de carrière". Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29734/29734.pdf.
Gagnon, France. "Transitions et reflets de société dans la prise en charge de la maternité hors-norme : l'exemple de l'Hospice Saint-Joseph de la Maternité de Québec, 1852-1876". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18268.
Hoàng, Mai Anh. "Conduites d’appropriation du droit au congé de maternité et de retour au travail chez des travailleuses vietnamiennes : rôle des significations du travail et du soutien social". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023TOU20003.
This research is part of the field of social psychology of work and organizations which is interested in professional socialization and psychosocial transition among female workers. The first part presents the socio-economic context that underlies and signifies the living conditions of new working mothers and the evolution of maternity rights in Vietnam. The 2nd part, summarizes the theories which make it possible to base the model of analysis of the research, which interprets the conduct of return to work as a process of professional / organizational (re)socialization and psychosocial transition. The 3rd part presents our main methodological tools: the interview and the Alceste analysis. In the 4th part, we expose the results of our research and their analysis. From a corpus of life stories of 36 Vietnamese women in the process of maternity, the discursive analysis by Alceste distinguishes four salient themes. The first (47.23% of the statements) relates to women's previous and current work activities in their institutional, organizational and legal contexts. The 2nd theme (i.e. 9.97%) presents the baby's choice of food and the mode of breastfeeding after returning to work. The sources of family support and the feelings of women during thematernity period are brought together in the 3rd theme (i.e. 30.38%). The 4th theme (14.42%) concerns methods of baby care and maternal care. Then, the tri-cross analyzes distinguish the types of return to work behaviors of working mothers according to the characteristics of the subjects, especially the regional characteristic and the status of their organization. Four case studies are presented to illustrate and clarify the procedures for returning to work. The last part is devoted to a theoretical discussion of our results and to a general conclusion with regard to the proposed analysis model
Gauthier-Légaré, Audrey. "Stress et transitions à la maternité: liens avec les événements de vie et la sensibilité maternelle". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69244.
The study of stress is now well established and has been linked to many different aspects of human development. A plethora of studies have shown the effects of stress on different dimensions of adjustment. Specifically, there is an increasing interest in the study of the stress of mothers, who carry the child during the prenatal period and who spend much time with the infant during the early months following birth. However, there are different conceptions of stress and different methods used to operationalize it, making it difficult to draw clear conclusions regarding links between maternal stress and infant and child outcome. Two ideas are specifically addressed in the present dissertation. First, the concept of stress is anchored in the notion that different events require adaptation on the part of individuals and, as such, that the experience of stress is somehow linked to the events with which an individual is confronted. However, the associations between the occurrence of events and the subjective assessments of stress that are grounded in cognitive appraisals of the adaptational requirements and the resources available to cope with such challenges, vary greatly across studies. This is true in the general study of stress, as in the study of parental stress specifically. Second, with respect to maternal stress, studies have mostly focused on very specific time periods to the exclusions of others, in spite of the basic observation that experiences of stress are both linked to, and vary from, experiences of stress at other times of parenthood. With the focus on specific time periods, it is difficult to draw conclusions regarding the evolution of the experience of stress across parenthood and its association to caregiving behavior and child outcome. The goals of this dissertation are two-fold: First, a meta-analysis is conducted to examine the association between objective, event-based measures of stress and subjective, cognitive appraisal-based assessments of stress, while considering different moderating variables. Results reveal a moderate association between the two broad categories of stress measures. However, moderator analyses show that very high associations are found between the experience of negative life events and emotional-state-based indices of self-reports of stress, whereas the association with trait-based reports of stress are virtually non-existent. This is an important finding in light of the frequency at which trait-based assessments are used. Second, the association between events and subjective indicators of stress are greater v in Western countries, in comparison to studies conducted in Asia, suggesting important cultural components to our understanding of this association. Second, a longitudinal study involving 4 different time points covering the last trimester of pregnancy and infant age 16 months was conducted to determine whether there were individual differences in trajectories of stress across the transition to parenthood. Four groups of mothers were identified. For statistical reasons, two of these trajectories, involving atypical patterns of stress across time and very high levels of stress at a given time point, were combined to create 3 different groups. Analyses revealed that this atypical group experienced greater levels of negative life events than the other two groups, and were observed to be significantly less sensitive during interactions with their infant in a home visit completed at infant age 8 months. This finding supports the coherence of the stress experience during the transition to motherhood and the notion that stress is related to the manner in which mothers interact with their infants during the postnatal period. These findings illustrate the importance of maternal stress as a marker of the child’s developmental ecology, during both the prenatal and postnatal periods, and underline that to appropriately understand maternal stress and its impact on child outcome, repeated measures involving the transition to motherhood are required.
Wabeke, Cherie Anne. "Maternity transitions in management". Thesis, Curtin University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/84573.
Pombo, de Barros Carolina. "Keeping head above water : Social presence in the transitions of Brazilian women to motherhood : Comparing experiences in Brazil, France, Portugal and Sweden". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0181/document.
The main objective of this thesis was characterizing and analysing social presence in the transition(s) of Brazilian women from privileged classes to motherhood, in Brazil, France, Portugal and Sweden, inrecent years. As a final goal, it intended to contribute to de-construct the hegemonic model of ―good motherhood in Brazil, which is established from the experiences of middle-class white Brazilian wom-en. As methodological strategy, it focused on Brazilian mothers‘ experiences of presences, using Computer-Mediated Communication and three methods in parallel: a documentary research on official re-ports of perinatal health and family policies, biographical interviews and recording of daily diaries, articulated through a phenomenological perspective. Therefore, in my fieldwork I searched, in a spiral drift-ing, how certain moral rhetorics associated to gender, class and racial norms are reproduced by privileged mothers in maternal transitions. Beyond of this process of reproducing hegemonic representation of motherhood, I also found generating hesitations and ethical enactment among these women towards marginalized mothers such as racialized, single and poor ones. Finally, this thesis discusses how care ethics raise from daily parental relationships and how improving responsive social presence is quite significant for the promotion of such ethics beyond of feminine care work
Abel, Sally. "Midwifery and maternity services in transition: An Examination of change following The Nurses Amendment Act 1990". Thesis, University of Auckland, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1968.
Sharp, Erin Colleen. "Clergywomen and Role Management: A Study of PC(USA) Clergywomen Negotiating Maternity Leave". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42524.
Master of Science
Caeiro, Sandra Cristina Piteira. "Estudo de caso de um processo de maternity coaching". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/16079.
Frideson, Caroline, e Linda-Marie Börjesson. "Männens delaktighet på BB: Ideologi eller verklighet? : En studie om förstagångsfäders upplevelser". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-58865.
Kopeykina, Valeria. "The maternity capital's impact on birth intervals in Russia : Survival analysis of the transition from the 1st to 2nd child". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-146690.
Gamgam, Leanderz Åsa. "Hudlösheten i föräldrablivandet : om kvinnors existentiella hälsa i relation till reproduktion ur barnmorskors perspektiv". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-16243.
Background: The story of the woman should be perceived as a possibility for the midwives to obtain more knowledge on existential health. Aim: To deepen the understanding of the meaning of existential health related to reproduction from the midwife´s perspective. Method: 7 midwifes wrote down their reflections on women´s existential health in a questionnaire. The answers were analysed with the qualitative method, hermeneutical text analysis in accordance with Gadamer. Results: The analysis emerged in three themes: An ambiguous feeling in the existential conversation with the woman, A guidance to the woman to find her inner strength and faith in herself in the transition to parenthood and the Dialogue about faith in humanity and life, which does not have to be religion. Conclusion: The result shows the importance of conversations about existential health for women and the midwifes abilities of meeting women in these conversations and external factors interfering on these conversations. The existential health influences on the total wellbeing therefore should focus on existential health be an obvious element in the meeting with the pregnant woman.
Frohling, Krista Rose. "Transitions". OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1403.
Filippi, Marie-Sophie. "La maternité". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0529.
Motherhood is intuitively defined by carrying a child and giving birth. Universal concept, motherhood seems to be evident and sure, and as such, has hardly raised questions until recently. Yet, this obviousness supposed to characterize motherhood is only relative from the point of view of both science and law. Indeed, biological maternity can now be divided between uterine maternity and genetics, so it is no longer certain. Next, the legal notion of motherhood does not come from a pure decal of biology. On the contrary, if it is based on the biological fact of maternity, the law adopts a singular interpretation, revealing the existence of a real legal concept of motherhood. The context of motherhood also seems to be deeply upset, so that this notion seems to be restructured around intention, and its distinction with paternity is blurred. So upset, can maternity be rethought? Although it is necessary to take into account factors of change in motherhood, its specificity derived from childbirth does not seem to be denied. However, this affirmation does not exclude a conditioned admission of new forms of maternity
Byrskog, Ulrika. "’Moving On’ and Transitional Bridges : Studies on migration, violence and wellbeing in encounters with Somali-born women and the maternity health care in Sweden". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-259881.
Perreault, Nathalie. "Féminisme, maternité et nature, l'hétérogénéité du discours féministe sur la maternité". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0013/MQ41987.pdf.
FERRO, VALENTINO. "Disagio e depressione perinatali durante la crisi della maternità. Impatto sulla relazione madre-bambino". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/143711.
Background. The transition to the motherhood is a important moment in woman life and it is also a developmental crisis, in most cases this transition has a positive outcome. Motherhood in some cases is negatively influenced by woman mental illness (Milgrom et al., 2001). Post-partum depression is one of these perinatal mental illness and its incidence is 13%, it has a multifactorial etiology and it influence the woman well-being, the mother-child relationship, the dyadic emotional regulation and the relationship with partner (Karney & Bradbury, 1995; O’Hara & McCabe, 2013; Pearson et al., 2013). Postpartum depression often is associated with depressive symptoms during pregnancy and this predict worse consequences on the mother's psychological well-being (Grigoriadis et al., 2013). The perinatal anxiety often occurs in comorbidity with depressive symptoms both in pregnancy and in the postpartum, the incidence of anxiety is higher in pregnant between 18% and 25% than in the post-partum period 4.7% (Figueiredo & Conde, 2011 Sherry et al., 2014). The perinatal anxiety has negative influence on mother-infant relationship, these mothers are more intrusive and their children have excessive crying, difficult temperament and less shared positive states (Austin et al., 2008; Feldman, 2007; Reck et al., 2012). Another perinatal mental distress is parenting stress that may occur in the transition to parenthood (Abidin, 1990), but there are few studies on the relationship of parenting stress, post-partum depression and anxiety. Aims. This paper is divided in three studies investigating different themes, like: the incidence of postpartum depression, the variables who predict postpartum depression, the relationship between anxiety postpartum depression and parenting stress and how these variables influence the relationship styles and emotional regulation of the mother-child dyad. Methods. The women who participated in the research were contacted in ASL2 of Savona between pregnancy and first months of post-partum. In all three studies post-partum depression has been investigated with EPDS (Cox et al., 1987), anxiety with STAI-Y (Spielberger, 1983), parenting stress wih PSI (Abidin, 1987), dyadic adjustment with partner with DAS (Spanier, 1976), the relationship styles with the video coding system CARE INDEX (Crittenden, 1994) and the emotional regulation of the mother-child with the video coding system ICEP (Weinberg & Tronick, 1999; Riva Crugnola et al., 2013). Results. The three studies underline different results, like: anxiety during pregnancy is predictor of post-partum depression; mothers who have a lot of psychosocial risk factors have more probability to develop depressive symptoms in pregnancy and in the post-partum period; the effect of this risk factors is pejorative in depression symptomatology in the transition to the motherhood; maternal depression, anxiety and parenting stress are associated, anxiety is a grater predictor than depression of less adequate styles of mother-infant emotion regulation; post-partum depression affects the dyadic adjustment with partner and dysfunctional relationship styles of mother-child dyad. Conclusions. The results of these studies highlight the importance of doing early screening and well-timed and preventive intervention programs to help the mother wellbeing.
Térel, Julie. "Les figures de la maternité". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0352/document.
A number of developments in society - the emancipation of women, birth control, the acceptanceof homosexuality, the diversification of couple arrangements, new family models, the increasingly medicalapproach to procreation - have shaken up the link between motherhood in fact and motherhood in law.The woman claiming the title of mother is no longer necessarily the one who bore the child and brought itinto the world. Assisted reproductive technology has opened up possibilities by allowing women who want achild to have one, regardless of restrictions related to time or biology. However, the “gestation mother”remains to this day the definite mother figure. Her rights have increased through the harmonisation of thelaws of filiation, eventually making her the man’s equal. She is no longer identified by her marital status andis now defined in relation to the biological process of giving birth. Giving birth hence highlights thespecificity of motherhood as an attachment figure, being the only means of identification in space and timefor the child. A strong public policy is therefore required in this area: giving birth should not be concealable,since it determines the child’s status in law. On the other hand, the maternal parenting role should dependmore on the will of the woman who claims the title of mother. The gestation mother, who should always beable to ascertain the filiation, should also be able to refuse such filiation, in favour of another mother figurenot as firmly ascertained, since her status is dependent on the will to be the mother, a will possiblycorroborated by filiation. The child’s maternal filiation should be transferrable in order to reflect the socialreality.The multiplication of mother figures has thus led to an overhaul of the traditional conception of motherhood,by rebalancing the role played by objective and subjective elements
Savet, Alain. "La maternité comme processus réparateur : contribution à l'étude de la maternité célibataire comme sexualité compensatrice". Toulouse 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU20076.
The analysis of the speech that is carried out concerns the transcribed talks of three women -unmarried mothers- two of whom being placed in an institution and the other outside, without any aid whatsoever. The analysis of the speech encompasses the process of personaliza- tion and socialization of these joung women, essentially in their relationships with their family and professional environment and in institutions. The handicap concerning these processes constituted by the intrapsychic interindividual and social crises lived through by these women is considered through the expression of their desire for compensation and for social changes. The identity problematics (feminity, motherhood), the evolution of the child's desire interpreted as childhood desire, finally the organiser that the male referent seems to constitute in the imaginary of these women, all the more present in the imagination as it is absent in the daily realities and all the more inconsistent in the life plans as it has not fulfilled its real fonction as a genitor. . . Constitue the organizing axes of the analysis and the theoretical elaboration. The latter arises from the fundamental concepts of psychoanalysis and genetic psychology. The historical, sociological and legal foundations of the condi- tions of the present giving of aid unmarried mothers constitute part of this work
Bonnemort, Laurence. "La maternité à l'épreuve du diagnostic anténatal". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR1M172.
Peloille, Geneviève. "Fantasmes de maternité chez l'homme : un itinéraire freudien". Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070044.
The creation of a group of fathers in maternity wards has met the request of fathers to be who needed to get prepared to the birth of their child, and the institutional project to hear and support the parents operated with the Centre of Psychoanalytical and Medical Research of the UFR Paris 7. As the meetings went by, the almost continual emergence of phantasms of motherhood, often associated with physical symptoms, showed the necessity of this research work on the stakes of such a phantasm. Myths or rites of various origins and individual mythology match each other. Moreover, the echo between phantasms in some of Freud's dreams when he was confronted with fatherhood and those of fathers to be suggests that, far from indicating a pathological behaviour, they belong to the process of accession to fatherhood. The traces of the original intercourse and of the child sexual theories are rekindled when they expect a child, who represents a narcissistic promise pregnant with wishes of immortality, but also a rival. These modifications take place according to the history and identifications of each one. The phantasms of motherhood put one to the test of human knowledge on our origins, on the differences between the sexes and on the power women have to give birth. Thus, men also question their woman alter ego on what themselves are not and never will be. It turns out that the speaking space the father to be is offered helps the working out of his near paternity. This space entitles him to express his own part of femininity and his finiteness, both being a source of disturbing strangeness and, sometimes, of severe disorders. It allows afterwards to free words that could not have come out within the private space of the couple. It works in favour of the creation of a space through which the father can be with the mother without replacing her and welcome the child. As a father, biological of not, he is called to recognize the child to come as his. His very presence in the group already indicates his "being a father"
Chetrit-Atlan, Karine. "Le droit de la femme et la maternité". Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX32005.
Even though the maternity intemporel and an universal situation, it has been only since an half century, particular, the laws about the contraception, abortion, then the problem about a possible right of the women and the maternity. In fact, this idea means the desir to be pregnant and the notion of the right procreate (naturally or with a medical assistant), but it’s also the volonty to choose the moment of the pregnancy. The argument about the maternity include the relationship to the woman with her doctor, with the child she wear, as well as, towards the social and penal right
Jacques, Béatrice. "Sociologie de l'accouchement". Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21245.
This thesis gives an analysis of contemporary experience of pregnancy and delivery in France. Two main lines of thought have guided this research. First we wish to understand how medicalisation produces new experiences of maternity. The results show that if women demand technology and medical intervention, they refuse the side effects. The experience of the patient rests on a central element: the relationship and confidence constructed and established with the physician. Several models of confidence have been revealed and they are determinating to understand the women's experience. Second, we try to apprehend the types of social representations of birth proposed by various professionals. The specificity of the French medical definition of giving birth as a moment of risk crystallizes the conflict between midwife and obstetrician. The profession of midwife is today caught between the requirements of this medical-hospital ideology and the specificity of their profession and their work, which is to accompany. The proximity of the midwifes with the women bring some of them to suggest new ways of giving birth
Ross-Lavoie, Sarah. "Maternité répétée à l'adolescence et événements difficiles vécus chez des jeunes mères vulnérables: une étude exploratoire". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/7561.
Dadoorian, Diana. "La répétition transgénérationnelle dans la maternité des adolescentes brésiliennes". Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082287.
Teenage pregnancy became a relevant theme today, being considered as a welfare problem. In this thesis we worked with 10 adolescent mothers and their mothers and with 10 non-pregnant adolescents and their others. We propose to study the relation between the quality of the mother-daughter's attachment and the reparatory desire of having a baby in adolescence. We use the Ca-Mir, the semi-structured interviews, the video records and the personal data file. The results pointed out that the insecure attachment doesn't explain the desire of having a baby in adolescence. The male figure is partially excluded of his symbolic function. The repression proved to be an important aspect in the educative familiar's models, which are transmitted across generations
Wogaing, Jeannette. "Maternité et décès maternels à Douala (Cameroun) : approche socioanthropologique". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAG041.
Becoming a mother is the yearning of many women, even though in Douala, they continue to heavily pay with their very lives the act of childbirth. Paradoxically, the reality about what they go through while being pregnant, and the personnel assigned to manage them remains unrecognized or ignored by the general public. In order to understand this phenomenon, we carried out an enquiry based on observations and discussions with pregnant women, the medical/paramedical personnel, and the relatives of the parturient from March 2008 to December 2010, in five health institutions in the town of Douala. This research takes into account the various elements of discussion to rebuild the anthropological context generated by it, and of which it is also the product. It enables us to understand the contradiction between the valorisation of the parturient status, and the behavioural abnormalities during parturition. As a result, a concordance problem arises between the culturally marked attitudes, and the health norms. Though being vulnerable and aware of the conditions that favour a happy end of the pregnancy, the women still begin prenatal consultations late
Panaccione, Elodie. "De la maternité chez des femmes migrantes en errance". Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05H113.
This study aims to identify psychological and cultural issues in the perinatal period in the event of disruptions generated by homelessness among migrant women in sub-Saharan Africa. Our first assumption is that, during the prenatal period, the homelessness reactivates the highly experienced disruptions and losses associated with the migration experience and would result in an interruption of the thought process. The consequence would then be that these women won’t feel available and disposed to experience the specific changes of pregnancy. Our second assumption is that during the postnatal period, there would be a revival of psychic processes thanks to the birth of their child, which will enable these women to anchor themselves physically and mentally in the host country. This birth would allow them to make a sense out of their own history but also to create a link between their country of origin and the host country, as well as between the past and the present. On the methodological level, we used the complementarism of ethnopsychiatry and built two interview grids. The Transcultural Care for Maternal representations during pregnancy (ETRG) that we used with ten homeless African women being at more than seven months of pregnancy and Interview of Transcultural Representations Nursery after Death (ETRN) that we used for seven women with children between two and four months’ old. The analysis of the interviews has highlighted that the psychological work related to maternity is complicated by the constraints generated by the material and emotional environment in which migrant women live. This research highlights the need to develop solutions to shelter these women and their children as well as to develop perennial preventive actions towards them. Beyond, this study defines the specific terms and conditions to support this public, as well as new research perspective both transversal and longitudinal. It is about designing a support for those families that will not only be financial or material, but which will integrate the social, psychological and cultural dimensions
Meschia, Karen. "Meres et enfants : une etude comparee des representations de la maternite en france et en angleterre". Toulouse 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU20092.
Although giving birth is a biological act, the attitudes and behaviour surrounding the birth and upbringing of children are culturally, socially and historically situated. An analysis of the discourse of two groups of mothers, one frence, one english reveals the existence of two different constructions of the maternal role and the needs of young children
Willerval-Chevalerias, Marie-Paule. "Le désir maternel d'intimité avec le nouveau-né". Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA054027.
In the placement of the early relationship of the mother with her newborn, the maternal place is primordial, even if we also know all the richness of the potential of the baby in this relational construction. One element of the maternal desire was discovered from the analysis of discourse with 25 mothers in the after-event of the child's birth: the desire to be alone with the newborn in intimacy. This led us to question intimacy and its role in the construction of the maternal identity and the early link between the mother and the newborn child. The notion of intimacy was developed from the analysis of the fundamental ideas belonging to different fields (etymologyl, sociology, literary, pictorial, psychology, psychoanalysis). The psychical mechanisms of the work among the subjects seekiintimacy were then recognized. Intimacy was then defined as the creation, under the effect of seduction of a space-time relation: singular protected "strangely familiar" mutually beneficial to the identificatory level, and opening into the world of intersubjectivity. With intimacy, the sensoriality and the affect are at the center of the retrogressive processus of communication and identification intimacy leads to the creation of a priviledged and personalized bond. The whole of this research was conducted with one theoretical base of the psychoanalytical order, and the investigations rest upo the clinical analysis of the discourse of the interviews of research, supported by graphical material conceived for the work. The comparison, made between 4 groups of mothers permitted an emphasis upon the dynamic: establishing the space/time of intimacy with the newborn. It is shown that, under the appeal of the "strangely familiar" and the distancing of the "strangely" disturbing" the mother seeks with intimacy to rejoin to her newborn, through the retrogressive processus of communication, the opening of the relational world, and the inscription into the filiation. Intimacy participates in a simultaneous way, both in the appropriation of the link of the attachment and in the construction of the maternal identity
Luttenbacher, Catherine. "La maternité chez la femme toxicomane et/ou séropositive : les représentations sociales des professionnels de la maternité, de la pédiatrie et de la toxicomanie". Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H046.
Our study has concentrated on the social representations of health professionals - as for maternity, early childhood, drug addiction- concerning the maternity of the drug addicted and/or HIV positive woman. A preliminary qualitative study has enabled us to determine the various social representations within the population. It has been presumed that drug addiction is equal by itself to generating negative attitudes, this representation being confirmed by aids as it makes possible a rationalization from medical and scientific data. In a second stage we have conducted a survey by means of a questionnaire derived from the previous study, in a attempt to show the social representation dependence on the field of activity, hence practices, hierarchical statuts and sex. Morever, we have assumed that the professional practices regarding drug addicted women are based on interfering conflicting representations between maternity and drug addiction. The results have shown that the social representations of the maternity of a drug addicted woman are dependent on the field of activity solely especially between the experts in drug addiction, on the one hand, and the maternity and pediatrics professionals, on the others hand. These representations, wich follow the positions on the maternity of a drug addicted woman, are linked up with a figurative core showing drug addiction as a symptom of family problems, from the viewpoint of the experts in drug addiction, and as a disease stemming from social problems, from the viewpoint of the others professionals, what can be interpreted in terms of professional culture. These different social representations may occasionally result in contradictory practices principally as regards the notification and the placement of a child
Paume, Nadine. "Anesthésie péridurale et accouchement : une représentation sociale et idéologique de la maternité : étude des stratégies cognitives de "résistance" et de "contournement de cette résistance" à des technologies biomédicales nouvelles". Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100132.
By practices they allow, the new biomedical technologies bring up to discussion the systems of representations and beliefs of the human being, they especially compel to ask the question of what is "natural" to the man. The central hypothesis of this research is that, coping with information relating to these technologies, the individual elaborates cognitive strategies in order to insert the use of these technics, yet preserving his fundamental representations intact. The technic of the peridural anaesthesia adapted at the delivery has been retained as topic. A set of four nearly-experimentations has allowed to differently modulate, with the help of experimental protocols, the representation of the divery, of the technic used for the delivery. . . By filling a questionnaire the subjects (young women without child) had to evaluate the risks for the woman and the child, as well as the moral legitimacy of the technic. This research has allowed to point out that, confronted with delivery peridural anaesthesia, the subject develops two distinct cognitive strategies subtented by two systems of representations. A strategy of "resistance to" the peridural anaesthesia. The underlaying representation is the natural delivery: the woman must no make use of any technical method. She therefore suffers to become a mother. A strategy of "bypassing of this resistance". The underlaying representation is the artificial delivery (or medicalsed): the peridural anaesthesia is possible but only under certain conditions (if it has been prescribed by a phycisian, if it suppresses the pain but not the other sensations of the delivery, if it concerns the third child of the woman rather than the first. . . )
Bradette, Julie. "La maternité célibataire au Québec, de la divergence à l'intégration". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ62054.pdf.
Nykiel, Florence. "L'accouchement anonyme ou le droit de garder une maternité secrète". Lyon 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO33012.
The purpose of this study is to assess the importance and the benefits of anonymous birth in french legislation. This study includes an introduction recounting the history of anonymous abandonment and two sections dealing respectively with the legal response to the mother's claim to remain anonymous and the consequences attached to keeping the birth anonymous or not. It seems that the establishment of anonymous birth in the civil code by the law dated 8 january 1993 was well accepted and proved to have positive effects. However, the reform did not do anything regarding the inadequacy which exists between this type of adoption and the social legislation applicable to maternity. Neither was anything achieved in the procedures related to the taking in care of the baby, these procedures follow quick fix practises set up by adoption bodies. A chapter is devoted to another issue connected to anonymous maternity : the right of access to information on family origins. Though this right was confirmed by the international convention on children rights, the right of access to information on family origins is still denied by french law which fully admits the right to anonymous birth and the correlative denial of all claim tending to establish maternal filiation. A part of the thesis is devoted to the abuse of anonymous birth, especially the practise of surrogacy, not forgetting all the penal offences which can result from the abuse or the lack of knowledge on anonymous birth
Avanzo, Sylvie. "Accompagnement à l'élaboration psychologique de la maternité. : problématiques et enjeux". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2165.
The psychological accompaniment of motherhood is one area of development that has contributed to improve the quality and safety of perinatal care. The early prenatal interview of the fourth month (the EPP of the 4th month) is offered to all pregnant women and expectant parents, in order to initiate a dialogue and surface vulnerabilities. In my private practice as a psychologist, I have observed that several young mothers asking for accompaniment after delivery, suffer from a psychological pain and express a need for support, which were already present during their pregnancy, but which were not attended to by the midwife or doctor.Is the psychological dimension in the EPP, or during prenatal visits to the doctor, only taken into account in the case of pregnant women, whose fragility is obvious? Are the states of psychological discomfort felt by pregnant women, which are not obvious, but deserve a psychologist support, easily identified by the midwife or doctor during the EPP or prenatal visits? The answers to these questions are based on three following studies assessing: (a) the perceived usefulness of the EPP by expectant mothers who availed of it; (b) the way midwives lead the EPP; (c) the nature and causes of painful emotional states felt during pregnancy by some expectant mothers, who would have needed a support that did not materialize.Several recommendations are made to improve the response to the need for psychological support in pregnant women, some more suited to the hospital environment and others geared toward midwives and doctors operating in private practices
Miquel, Juliette. "La maternité pour autrui en droit comparé français et anglais". Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020050.
The usual distinction between altruistic surrogacy and commercial surrogacy no longer seems relevant due to the rise of English and French couples using mostly commercial international surrogacy. On the one hand, the French Supreme Court case law has undermined the effectiveness of the legal prohibition of surrogacy by allowing, when possible, the transfer of legal parentage to the intended parents who had a child abroad through surrogacy. On the other hand, whilst the Law Commission of England and Wales is currently considering the legalisation of commercial surrogacy, commercial surrogacy is already permitted in practice in the UK in violation of English law which forbids this practice (and only allows altruistic surrogacy). Further, both the legal status of intended parents and of children born through surrogacy remains uncertain regarding the children’s legal parentage, citizenship and right of entry to France or the UK following their birth abroad of a surrogacy agreement
Hanot, Catherine. "Maternité substitutive après la crise du milieu de la vie". Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100002.
As a solution to the problem of finding parental substitutes, foster parents assume an important role. Confining the scope of this research to foster mothers who have either reached or passed the mid-life crisis, the writer intends to carry out a psychological study of these late vocations. The first argument put forward concerns the question of bereavement. The hypothesis considered is that the child placed in care (with foster parents) becomes a part of the recovery process for the bereaved foster mother, allowing her to overcome the "depressive period". The second argument concerns the problematic relationship of the foster mother with the children. The third argument considers the possibility that these women reproduce their own "family story" by adopting this profession. Throughout this research, the writer has sought to bring out the motives underlying the decision to look after these children who have been place in the care of the children's department of the social services by the courts
Grangereau, Isabelle. "Constructions psychiques de la maternité : dimensions cliniques, anthropologiques et sociales". Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100023.
This thesis examines the psychological task confronting women when they become mothers. This dynamic process leads to a psychological construction of maternity specific to each subject. However, we show that collectiv models infiltrate the mothers’ subjective constructions. These models can fulfil different psychological functions depending on the women, arising from the subjectivisation process at work
Villecourt-Couchat, Isabelle. "Le sentiment subjectif de solitude à l'épreuve de la maternité". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0020.
In childcare places, the clinical psychologist can hear the disarry of the woman who has become mother. In a society that celebrate individualism, how will this psychoanalytic listening help the mother in her loneliness? Many separations will come in her mother’s life hence intense psychic work to access maternity and engage the subjective process of motherhood.At this stage, the psychic crushed by states of anxiety and emptiness, can immobilize the ego in a narcissistic and deadly retreat enclosing the mother in a deadly loneliness, hence the choice of my title “The feeling of loneliness in the test of maternity”.At this crucial stage in their own development and that of their child, to feel so lonely for these mothers can cause harm.Most of the time, we aknowledge on it can be seen that the subjective processes of motherhood are found to be fruitful and beneficial for the mother ego and that identity turn non suitable.However, we observe that the subjective feeling of loneliness can be destructive. The stage where the transition from being a woman to becoming a mother can being in pain.The interiority of the woman evolves ans transforms into becoming a mother. This interiority can be undermined by the presence of the real and fantasy child. These last resonate with his own infantile story.This interiority it reveals itself in the form of a subjective feeling of loneliness that is difficult to live, which drive to narcissistic and objectal pathology, creating of crisis situation unexpected.This work has the main purpose of showing the dead ends of these processes, as well as the difficult access to an area of loneliness source of subjectivation and creativity
Le, Den Mariette. "Grossesse et maternité à l'adolescence : socio-histoire d'un problème public". Amiens, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AMIE0006.
At the moment of a generalisation of contraception in France, coupled with the evolution of sexual and reproductive standards, pregnancy and motherhood in adolescence distrubs and is perceived by the community as a major social problem. However, spatio-temporal variations exist in the way this fertility is perceived and is more or less accepted depending on the epoch and cultures. Starting with the assumption that the perception of adolescent pregnancy and motherhood as a problems and historical models which have been developed by certain Anglo-Saxon authors, this thesis proposes to retrace these events and the career of thus phenomenon as a public problem at the centre of French society since the beginning of the 20th century, a key period for women and situation, constructed largely though the work of doctors who enjoyed a position of social power and occupied a central place with regards to the strandads of female fertility, its appears that the adolescent pregnancy and motherhood problems have been built for more than a century, during throughout the evolution of sexual, reproductive and familial strandads. The problem has only really become formalised, as such, since the 1980' during which, age progressively replaced matrimony as a criteria of (correct) motherhood
Boilard, Huguette. "L'accompagnante et la maternité, une réponse traditionnelle à une anxiété moderne". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq33576.pdf.
Matlock, Margaret P. "La Valorisation de La Maternité en France Contemporaine et Ses Conséquences". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/59.
Joly, Jean-Pierre. "Evolution de l'anesthésie obstétricale dans une maternité : étude sur cinq années". Caen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CAEN3063.
Zirari, Hayat. "Quête et enjeux de la maternité au Maroc : étude ethno-culinaire". Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0052.
The issue of this research consists in analysing some culinary and nourishing practices linked to maternity ; it is made up of three parts : the quest of childbirth, the blocking-up of childbirth and the alimentary rituals that go along with delivery. The fieldwork has been done among rural and urban women of marocco, the aim of the study beeing to point out and analyse, through receipts and rituals, the relational and symbolical terms in wich women are with men. The results obtained allow to define structural categories such as life death, hot cold, dry humid, which are at work in the meals by analogy with the body-fluids and the ideas about the person; it also lets appear the links between cooking, sexuality, and sorcery, the essential but sometimes hidden point being the counter-power that women try to oppose to men
Carpentier, Nelly. "Une collectivité socio-éducative face à la maternité célibataire : 1980-1990". Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100117.
The preparation is consecutive to the arrival of the first educative staff in a maternal center. Those staffs are facing hard problematics of their public, the opinion of the other professionals, their inadequate specific training. The team makes a research mixing an individual and psychological approach wich on the long terms. The author confirms the sociological theories concerning the different professional cultures, more centered on the people adaptation, more centered on the reproduction of the dask several professional situation n tests go into more details about a long erm observance. The team is profoundly divided in terms of sexes, age, professional habits, the clauses of the public distribution: conditions which do not facilitate the necessary assistance for a public habing relation troubles. One word could sum-up this help: «eye-contacts". Deep dimension of privacy. The author studies it, thanks to several meetings of the team. This preparation will confirm all the observed breakings. The author concludes on a triple parador of the situation: the unmarried mothers look torwards their child family and towards their adult family. The institution gives up choosing between moterly assitance and the assent to adoption. And the sociaworker hesitates about the help he can bring all the more as he already hesitates on bout his own existence
Harts, Caroline. "Les femmes et l'accouchement à la maternité de Paris, 1815-1840". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17834.
Collins, Stéphanie. "Maternité en exil : la construction d'un réseau de soutien à Montréal". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26983.
García, Bernal Maria Eugenia. "Maternité à l'adolescence : attachement mère-enfant et transmission intergénérationnelle (Valparaiso, Chili)". Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA083701.
The mother-child relationship and the special bond between mother and baby are a topic that has for long interested theorists and has made way for interesting works and posture throughout the years. This research reviews the main contributions made on the mother-baby bond topic in Europe and America. The cases of 25 adolescent mothers in Quilpue (Chile) are investigated. Five of these women are from the Mapuche Native community. Those women are monitored during their pregnancy and for the first months after the birth of their child, in order to determine the kind of bond created between them and the intergenerational transmission influencing this bond. For the first time in Chile, the CAMIR (adult-adult) and the RAF (adult-baby) tests are applied so as to contribute with new information on the subject
Gruson, Christine. "Expérience de maternité des femmes étiquetées « handicapées mentales » : une situation liminaire permanente". Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL12006/document.
The experience of motherhood is a right but, for women labelled « mentally handicapped », its implementation is not obvious at all, as « mental handicap » implies difficulties to deal with cognitive and affective problems of everyday life as well as relational problems. As a liminal situation, this experience of motherhood is thought, controlled and socialized by normality-keeping institutions. This research shows that these women are expected to deal alone with their motherhood’s responsibility, according to a « good mother » pattern that hardly includes the father. To be a « good mother » is a reward in a context where the handicap situation remains a cause of social exclusion. But, as they doubt of their maternal competences, the mothers live in a state of permanent stress and fear to lose their children’s custody. Their social experiences constantly confront them with the risk of reinforcing stereotypes. Negotiation is almost impossible. The first part of this doctoral work gives an account of the research and object’s progressive construction. In the second part, the state-of-the-art review shows that the maternal incompetence, supposedly caused by the handicap, refers as a matter of fact to the difficulty to be a mother in general. The third part presents the results in the form of sociological portraits. Finally, are presented the key-moments of these women’s motherhood under the control of medico-social field’s professionals
Noël, Carole. "Simone de Beauvoir : entre l'immanence de la maternité et la liberté morale". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0001/MQ32547.pdf.