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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Transfer of adaptation"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 12 aprile 2025

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1

Schnier, Fabian, e Markus Lappe. "Differences in intersaccadic adaptation transfer between inward and outward adaptation". Journal of Neurophysiology 106, n. 3 (settembre 2011): 1399–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00236.2011.

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Saccadic adaptation is a mechanism to increase or decrease the amplitude gain of subsequent saccades, if a saccade is not on target. Recent research has shown that the mechanism of gain increasing, or outward adaptation, and the mechanism of gain decreasing, or inward adaptation, rely on partly different processes. We investigate how outward and inward adaptation of reactive saccades transfer to other types of saccades, namely scanning, overlap, memory-guided, and gap saccades. Previous research has shown that inward adaptation of reactive saccades transfers only partially to these other saccade types, suggesting differences in the control mechanisms between these saccade categories. We show that outward adaptation transfers stronger to scanning and overlap saccades than inward adaptation, and that the strength of transfer depends on the duration for which the saccade target is visible before saccade onset. Furthermore, we show that this transfer is mainly driven by an increase in saccade duration, which is apparent for all saccade categories. Inward adaptation, in contrast, is accompanied by a decrease in duration and in peak velocity, but only the peak velocity decrease transfers from reactive saccades to other saccade categories, i.e., saccadic duration remains constant or even increases for test saccades of the other categories. Our results, therefore, show that duration and peak velocity are independent parameters of saccadic adaptation and that they are differently involved in the transfer of adaptation between saccade categories. Furthermore, our results add evidence that inward and outward adaptation are different processes.

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2

Earhart, Gammon M., G. Melvill Jones, F. B. Horak, E. W. Block, K. D. Weber e W. A. Fletcher. "Forward Versus Backward Walking: Transfer of Podokinetic Adaptation". Journal of Neurophysiology 86, n. 4 (1 ottobre 2001): 1666–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2001.86.4.1666.

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We asked whether podokinetic adaptation to walking on a circular treadmill transfers to different forms of locomotion. Subjects were blindfolded and asked to walk straight across the floor, in the forward and backward directions, following podokinetic (PK) stimulation that consisted of 30 min of forward walking-in-place on the perimeter of a disk rotating in the clockwise direction. During both forward and backward walking following forward-walking PK stimulation, subjects involuntarily walked along curved trajectories at angular velocities well above vestibular threshold, although they perceived that they were walking along straight paths. The curved paths of forward and backward walking were indistinguishable from one another. Transfer of PK adaptations acquired during forward walking on the turntable to backward walking trials suggests that the PK system controls general locomotor trajectory. Adaptation of the system thus influences forms of locomotion other than that used during acquisition of the adaptation. This transfer also supports the concept that forward and backward walking are controlled by neural networks that share common elements. An interesting feature of the transfer of PK adaptation is that for both forward and backward walking, subjects turned in a counterclockwise direction. As such, the direction of relative rotation between the trunk and feet was maintained for both forward and backward walking. However, the relationship of the lower extremities to the center of rotation was not preserved. The left limb was the inner leg during PK stimulation and forward walking after adaptation, but the left leg was the outer leg during backward walking. These results suggest that PK adaptation affects general locomotor trajectory via a remodeling of the rotational relationship between the trunk and the feet.

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3

Wible, Brad. "Technology transfer for adaptation". Science 345, n. 6197 (7 agosto 2014): 634.5–635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.345.6197.634-e.

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4

Biagini, Bonizella, Laura Kuhl, Kelly Sims Gallagher e Claudia Ortiz. "Technology transfer for adaptation". Nature Climate Change 4, n. 9 (13 luglio 2014): 828–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2305.

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5

Wang, Jinsung, e Robert L. Sainburg. "Interlimb Transfer of Novel Inertial Dynamics Is Asymmetrical". Journal of Neurophysiology 92, n. 1 (luglio 2004): 349–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00960.2003.

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Mechanisms underlying interlimb transfer of adaptation to visuomotor rotations have recently been explored in depth. However, little data are available regarding interlimb transfer of adaptation to novel inertial dynamics. The present study thus investigated interlimb transfer of dynamics by examining the effect of initial training with one arm on subsequent performance with the other in adaptation to a 1.5-kg mass attached eccentrically to the forearm. Using inverse dynamic analysis, we examined the changes in torque strategies associated with adaptation to the extra mass, and with interlimb transfer of that adaptation. Following initial training with the dominant arm, nondominant arm performance improved substantially in terms of linearity and initial direction control as compared with naïve performance. However, initial training with the nondominant arm had no effect on subsequent performance with the dominant arm. Inverse dynamic analysis revealed that improvements in kinematics were implemented by increasing flexor muscle torques at the elbow to counter load-induced increases in extensor interaction torques as well as increasing flexor muscle torques at the shoulder to counter the extensor actions of elbow muscle torque. Following opposite arm adaptation, the nondominant arm adopted this dynamic strategy early in adaptation. These findings suggest that dominant arm adaptation to novel inertial dynamics leads to information that can be accessed and utilized by the opposite arm controller, but not vice versa. When compared with our previous findings on interlimb transfer of visuomotor rotations, our current findings suggest that adaptations to visuomotor and dynamic transformations are mediated by distinct neural mechanisms.

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Murali, Ranjani, Hang Yu, Daan R. Speth, Fabai Wu, Kyle S. Metcalfe, Antoine Crémière, Rafael Laso-Pèrez et al. "Physiological potential and evolutionary trajectories of syntrophic sulfate-reducing bacterial partners of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea". PLOS Biology 21, n. 9 (25 settembre 2023): e3002292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002292.

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Sulfate-coupled anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is performed by multicellular consortia of anaerobic methanotrophic (ANME) archaea in obligate syntrophic partnership with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Diverse ANME and SRB clades co-associate but the physiological basis for their adaptation and diversification is not well understood. In this work, we used comparative metagenomics and phylogenetics to investigate the metabolic adaptation among the 4 main syntrophic SRB clades (HotSeep-1, Seep-SRB2, Seep-SRB1a, and Seep-SRB1g) and identified features associated with their syntrophic lifestyle that distinguish them from their non-syntrophic evolutionary neighbors in the phylum Desulfobacterota. We show that the protein complexes involved in direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) from ANME to the SRB outer membrane are conserved between the syntrophic lineages. In contrast, the proteins involved in electron transfer within the SRB inner membrane differ between clades, indicative of convergent evolution in the adaptation to a syntrophic lifestyle. Our analysis suggests that in most cases, this adaptation likely occurred after the acquisition of the DIET complexes in an ancestral clade and involve horizontal gene transfers within pathways for electron transfer (CbcBA) and biofilm formation (Pel). We also provide evidence for unique adaptations within syntrophic SRB clades, which vary depending on the archaeal partner. Among the most widespread syntrophic SRB, Seep-SRB1a, subclades that specifically partner ANME-2a are missing the cobalamin synthesis pathway, suggestive of nutritional dependency on its partner, while closely related Seep-SRB1a partners of ANME-2c lack nutritional auxotrophies. Our work provides insight into the features associated with DIET-based syntrophy and the adaptation of SRB towards it.

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Sauer, Yannick, Siegfried Wahl e Katharina Rifai. "Interocular transfer of distortion adaptation". Journal of Vision 20, n. 11 (20 ottobre 2020): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.20.11.663.

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8

Redding, Gordon M., e Benjamin Wallace. "Intermanual Transfer of Prism Adaptation". Journal of Motor Behavior 40, n. 3 (maggio 2008): 246–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/jmbr.40.3.246-264.

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9

Kojima, Yoshiko, Albert F. Fuchs e Robijanto Soetedjo. "Adaptation and adaptation transfer characteristics of five different saccade types in the monkey". Journal of Neurophysiology 114, n. 1 (luglio 2015): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00212.2015.

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Abstract (sommario):

Shifts in the direction of gaze are accomplished by different kinds of saccades, which are elicited under different circumstances. Saccade types include targeting saccades to simple jumping targets, delayed saccades to visible targets after a waiting period, memory-guided (MG) saccades to remembered target locations, scanning saccades to stationary target arrays, and express saccades after very short latencies. Studies of human cases and neurophysiological experiments in monkeys suggest that separate pathways, which converge on a common locus that provides the motor command, generate these different types of saccade. When behavioral manipulations in humans cause targeting saccades to have persistent dysmetrias as might occur naturally from growth, aging, and injury, they gradually adapt to reduce the dysmetria. Although results differ slightly between laboratories, this adaptation generalizes or transfers to all the other saccade types mentioned above. Also, when one of the other types of saccade undergoes adaptation, it often transfers to another saccade type. Similar adaptation and transfer experiments, which allow inferences to be drawn about the site(s) of adaptation for different saccade types, have yet to be done in monkeys. Here we show that simian targeting and MG saccades adapt more than express, scanning, and delayed saccades. Adaptation of targeting saccades transfers to all the other saccade types. However, the adaptation of MG saccades transfers only to delayed saccades. These data suggest that adaptation of simian targeting saccades occurs on the pathway common to all saccade types. In contrast, only the delayed saccade command passes through the adaptation site of the MG saccade.

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Lefumat, Hannah Z., Jean-Louis Vercher, R. Chris Miall, Jonathan Cole, Frank Buloup, Lionel Bringoux, Christophe Bourdin e Fabrice R. Sarlegna. "To transfer or not to transfer? Kinematics and laterality quotient predict interlimb transfer of motor learning". Journal of Neurophysiology 114, n. 5 (novembre 2015): 2764–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00749.2015.

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Humans can remarkably adapt their motor behavior to novel environmental conditions, yet it remains unclear which factors enable us to transfer what we have learned with one limb to the other. Here we tested the hypothesis that interlimb transfer of sensorimotor adaptation is determined by environmental conditions but also by individual characteristics. We specifically examined the adaptation of unconstrained reaching movements to a novel Coriolis, velocity-dependent force field. Right-handed subjects sat at the center of a rotating platform and performed forward reaching movements with the upper limb toward flashed visual targets in prerotation, per-rotation (i.e., adaptation), and postrotation tests. Here only the dominant arm was used during adaptation and interlimb transfer was assessed by comparing performance of the nondominant arm before and after dominant-arm adaptation. Vision and no-vision conditions did not significantly influence interlimb transfer of trajectory adaptation, which on average was significant but limited. We uncovered a substantial heterogeneity of interlimb transfer across subjects and found that interlimb transfer can be qualitatively and quantitatively predicted for each healthy young individual. A classifier showed that in our study, interlimb transfer could be predicted based on the subject's task performance, most notably motor variability during learning, and his or her laterality quotient. Positive correlations suggested that variability of motor performance and lateralization of arm movement control facilitate interlimb transfer. We further show that these individual characteristics can predict the presence and the magnitude of interlimb transfer of left-handers. Overall, this study suggests that individual characteristics shape the way the nervous system can generalize motor learning.

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Houldin, Adina, Romeo Chua, Mark G. Carpenter e Tania Lam. "Limited interlimb transfer of locomotor adaptations to a velocity-dependent force field during unipedal walking". Journal of Neurophysiology 108, n. 3 (1 agosto 2012): 943–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00670.2011.

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Several studies have demonstrated that motor adaptations to a novel task environment can be transferred between limbs. Such interlimb transfer of motor commands is consistent with the notion of centrally driven strategies that can be generalized across different frames of reference. So far, studies of interlimb transfer of locomotor adaptations have yielded disparate results. Here we sought to determine whether locomotor adaptations in one (trained) leg show transfer to the other (test) leg during a unipedal walking task. We hypothesized that adaptation in the test leg to a velocity-dependent force field previously experienced by the trained leg will be faster, as revealed by faster recovery of kinematic errors and earlier onset of aftereffects. Twenty able-bodied adults walked unipedally in the Lokomat robotic gait orthosis, which applied velocity-dependent resistance to the legs. The amount of resistance was scaled to 10% of each individual's maximum voluntary contraction of the hip flexors. Electromyography and kinematics of the lower limb were recorded. All subjects were right-leg dominant and were tested for transfer of motor adaptations from the right leg to the left leg. Catch trials, consisting of unexpected removal of resistance, were presented after the first step with resistance and after a period of adaptation to test for aftereffects. We found no significant differences in the sizes of the aftereffects between the two legs, except for peak hip flexion during swing, or in the rate at which peak hip flexion adapted during steps against resistance between the two legs. Our results indicate that interlimb transfer of these types of locomotor adaptation is not a robust phenomenon. These findings add to our current understanding of motor adaptations and provide further evidence that generalization of adaptations may be dependent on the movement task.

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Barrett, Susan E., e Alice J. O'Toole. "Face adaptation to gender: Does adaptation transfer across age categories?" Visual Cognition 17, n. 5 (luglio 2009): 700–715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13506280802332197.

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13

Earhart, Gammon M., G. Melvill Jones, F. B. Horak, E. W. Block, K. D. Weber e W. A. Fletcher. "Transfer of Podokinetic Adaptation From Stepping to Hopping". Journal of Neurophysiology 87, n. 2 (1 febbraio 2002): 1142–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00588.2001.

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Following stepping in-place on the surface of a rotating circular treadmill, a subject attempting to step in-place or walk in a straight line across the floor without vision will rotate relative to space. This adaptation, termed podokinetic after-rotation (PKAR), transfers to backward walking following forward walking on the rotating disk. We asked whether adaptation obtained during stepping in-place on the rotating disk would transfer to hopping on both feet. We hypothesized that subjects would demonstrate PKAR during both hopping and stepping, adding support to the hypothesis that PKAR is a centrally mediated adaptation of general locomotor trajectory that is not specific to the form of locomotion used while on the rotating disk. Subjects demonstrated PKAR during both hopping and stepping after stepping in-place on the rotating disk. The time courses of PKAR during hopping and stepping were similar, although the angular velocity amplitude of PKAR was lower in hopping than in stepping. This difference in amplitude suggests an incomplete transfer of PKAR.

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Maffei, L., N. Berardi e S. Bisti. "Interocular transfer of adaptation after effect in neurons of area 17 and 18 of split chiasm cats". Journal of Neurophysiology 55, n. 5 (1 maggio 1986): 966–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1986.55.5.966.

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Responses to sinusoidal gratings for neurons in area 17 and 18 of split chiasm cats were recorded extracellularly, and the interocular transfer of the effect of adaptation to high-contrast gratings was studied. In area 17 all but one of the simple cells showed the phenomenon of adaptation and its interocular transfer; 60% of the complex cells showed the effect of adaptation, and of these cells 35% showed an interocular transfer of adaptation. The adaptation aftereffect was comparable both in strength and duration for the direct and the callosal pathway. The strength of the adaptation aftereffect through the callosal pathway was not related to the strength of the input from the contralateral eye. An interocular transfer of the adaptation aftereffect was found in several neurons with a very weak input from the contralateral eye and in five simple cells apparently responding only to the ipsilateral eye. Fifty-eight percent of the neurons in area 18 showed the effect of adaptation, and 55% of them showed interocular transfer. No interocular transfer of the adaptation aftereffect was found in those neurons where an input from the contralateral eye was undetectable. Interocular transfer of the adaptation was found in all the neurons recorded in area 17 of animals with section of the corpus callosum but intact chiasm. No interocular transfer was found in neurons recorded in area 17 of cats with both the optic chiasm and the corpus callosum sectioned. We conclude that callosal connections are sufficient for the transfer of the adaptation aftereffect, although they are not necessary.

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Noto, Christopher T., Shoji Watanabe e Albert F. Fuchs. "Characteristics of Simian Adaptation Fields Produced by Behavioral Changes in Saccade Size and Direction". Journal of Neurophysiology 81, n. 6 (1 giugno 1999): 2798–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.81.6.2798.

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Characteristics of adaptation fields produced by behavioral changes in saccade size and direction. The gain of saccadic eye movements can be altered gradually by moving targets either forward or backward during targeting saccades. If the gain of saccades to targets of only one size is adapted, the gain change generalizes or transfers only to saccades with similar vectors. In this study, we examined the spatial extent of such saccadic size adaptation, i.e., the gain adaptation field. We also attempted to adapt saccade direction by moving the target orthogonally during the targeting saccade to document the extent of a direction or cross-axis adaptation field. After adaptive gain decreases of horizontal saccades to 15° target steps, >82% of the gain reduction transferred to saccades to 25° horizontal target steps but only ∼30% transferred to saccades to 5° steps. For the horizontal component of oblique saccades to target steps with 15° horizontal components and 10° upward or downward vertical components, the transfer was similar at 51 and 60%, respectively. Thus the gain decrease adaptation field was quite asymmetric in the horizontal dimension but symmetric in the vertical dimension. Although gain increase adaptation produced a smaller gain change (13% increase for a 30% forward adapting target step) than did gain decrease adaptation (20% decrease for a 30% backward adapting target step), the spatial extent of gain transfer was quite similar. In particular, the gain increase adaptation field displayed asymmetry in the horizontal dimension (58% transfer to 25° saccades but only 32% transfer to 5° saccades) and symmetry in the vertical direction (50% transfer to the horizontal component of 10° upward and 40% transfer to 10° downward oblique saccades). When a 5° vertical target movement was made to occur during a saccade to a horizontal 10° target step, a vertical component gradually appeared in saccades to horizontal targets. More than 88% of the cross-axis change in the vertical component produced in 10° saccades transferred to 20° saccades but only 12% transferred to 4° saccades. The transfer was similar to the vertical component of oblique saccades to target steps with either 10° upward (46%) or 10° downward (46%) vertical components. Therefore both gain and cross-axis adaptation fields have similar spatial profiles. These profiles resemble those of movement fields of neurons in the frontal eye fields and superior colliculus. How those structures might participate in the adaptation process is considered in the discussion.

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ÖZSUNGUR, Fahri. "Adaptation Approach to Technology Transfer Strategy". Afro Eurasian Studies 7, n. 1 (30 giugno 2018): 134–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33722/afes.471087.

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Xu-Yao Zhang e Cheng-Lin Liu. "Writer Adaptation with Style Transfer Mapping". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 35, n. 7 (luglio 2013): 1773–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2012.239.

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Mouloua, Mustapha, Janan Smither, Robert C. Kennedy, Robert S. Kennedy, Daniel E. Compton e Julie M. Drexler. "Transfer of Adaptation in Virtual Environments". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, n. 26 (settembre 2005): 2268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504902611.

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The goal of this research was to investigate the reflexivity of the crossover effect−i.e. does adaptation on VE and OKN devices occur, and, if so, does transfer of this training occur in both directions (VE to OKN as well as OKN to VE). Forty participants were randomly assigned to either an OKN or a VE training condition. In the OKN condition, participants trained on the OKN device for four days, and were then tested on the VE and OKN devices on day five. In the VE condition however, they trained on the VE device for four days and were then tested on the VE and OKN devices on day five. The results indicated a 14.6% drop in DLQ scores and a 48.12% drop in SSQ scores for the OKN group. Similarly, a 21.28% drop in DLQ scores and a 23.64% drop in SSQ scores was obtained for the VE group. These results suggest that transfer of training occurred for both VE and OKN environments. Finally, these patterns of results are consistent and point to the importance of specific pre-adaptation training environments that would promote transfer to other motion sickness platforms. These findings have implications for training on different platforms.

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Wang, Jindong, Yiqiang Chen, Wenjie Feng, Han Yu, Meiyu Huang e Qiang Yang. "Transfer Learning with Dynamic Distribution Adaptation". ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology 11, n. 1 (11 febbraio 2020): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3360309.

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Pan, Sinno Jialin, Ivor W. Tsang, James T. Kwok e Qiang Yang. "Domain Adaptation via Transfer Component Analysis". IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks 22, n. 2 (febbraio 2011): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnn.2010.2091281.

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Williams, Charles. "Transfer in context: replication and adaptation in knowledge transfer relationships". Strategic Management Journal 28, n. 9 (2007): 867–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.614.

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Wyver, John. "‘All the Trimmings?’: The Transfer of Theatre to Television in Adaptations of Shakespeare Stagings". Adaptation 7, n. 2 (21 luglio 2014): 104–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/adaptation/apu020.

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Soetedjo, Robijanto. "Signals driving the adaptation of saccades that require spatial updating". Journal of Neurophysiology 120, n. 2 (1 agosto 2018): 525–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00075.2018.

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Abstract (sommario):

Saccades adapt to persistent natural or artificially imposed dysmetrias. The characteristics and circuitry of saccade adaptation have been revealed using a visually guided task (VGT) where the vectors of the target step and the intended saccade command are the same. However, in real life, another saccade occasionally intervenes before the saccade to the target occurs. This necessitates an updating of the intended saccade to account for the intervening saccadic displacement, which dissociates the visual target signal and the intended saccade command. We determined whether the adaptation process is similar for VGT and updated saccades by studying the transfer of adaptation between them. The ultimate visual target was dissociated from the intended saccade command with double-step saccade tasks (DSTs) in which two targets are flashed sequentially at different locations while the monkey maintains fixation. The resulting saccades toward the first and second targets occur in the dark. The transfer of visually guided saccade adaptation to the second saccades of a DST and vice versa depended on the eccentricity of the second visual target, and not the second saccade command. If a target with the same eccentricity as the adapted target appears briefly during the intersaccadic interval of a DST, more adaptation transfers. Because a brief appearance of the visual target either before the first saccade or during the intersaccadic interval influences how much adaptation transfer the second saccade will express, the processing of adaptation and DST updating may overlap. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Adaptation and the spatial updating of saccades are thought to be independent processes. When we dissociate the visual target and the intended saccade command, the transfer of visually guided saccade adaptation to the saccades of the double-step saccade tasks (DST) and vice versa is driven by a visual not motor error. The visual target has an effect until the second saccade of a DST occurs. Therefore, the processing of adaptation and the spatial updating of saccades may overlap.

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Cotti, Julien, Alain Guillaume, Nadia Alahyane, Denis Pelisson e Jean-Louis Vercher. "Adaptation of Voluntary Saccades, But Not of Reactive Saccades, Transfers to Hand Pointing Movements". Journal of Neurophysiology 98, n. 2 (agosto 2007): 602–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00293.2007.

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Studying the transfer of visuomotor adaptation from a given effector (e.g., the eye) to another (e.g., the hand) allows us to question whether sensorimotor processes influenced by adaptation are common to both effector control systems and thus to address the level where adaptation takes place. Previous studies have shown only very weak transfer of the amplitude adaptation of reactive saccades—i.e., produced automatically in response to the sudden appearance of visual targets—to hand pointing movements. Here we compared the amplitude of hand pointing movements recorded before and after adaptation of either reactive or voluntary saccades, produced either in a saccade sequence task or in a single saccade task. No transfer to hand pointing movements was found after adaptation of reactive saccades. In contrast, a substantial transfer to the hand was obtained following adaptation of voluntary saccades produced in sequence. Large amounts of transfer between the two saccade types were also found. These results demonstrate that the visuomotor processes influenced by saccadic adaptation depend on the type of saccades and that, in the case of voluntary saccades, they are shared by hand pointing movements. Implications for the neurophysiological substrates of the adaptation of reactive and voluntary saccades are discussed.

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Ku, Yee-Shan, Zhili Wang, Shaowei Duan e Hon-Ming Lam. "Rhizospheric Communication through Mobile Genetic Element Transfers for the Regulation of Microbe–Plant Interactions". Biology 10, n. 6 (28 maggio 2021): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10060477.

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The transfer of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) has been known as a strategy adopted by organisms for survival and adaptation to the environment. The rhizosphere, where microbes and plants coexist, is a hotspot of MGE transfers. In this review, we discuss the classic mechanisms as well as novel mechanisms of MGE transfers in the rhizosphere. Both intra-kingdom and cross-kingdom MGE transfers will be addressed. MGE transfers could be ancient events which drove evolution or recurrent events which regulate adaptations. Recent findings on MGE transfers between plant and its interacting microbes suggest gene regulations brought forth by such transfers for symbiosis or defense mechanisms. In the natural environment, factors such as temperature and soil composition constantly influence the interactions among different parties in the rhizosphere. In this review, we will also address the effects of various environmental factors on MGE transfers in the rhizosphere. Besides environmental factors, plant root exudates also play a role in the regulation of MGE transfer among microbes in the rhizosphere. The potential use of microbes and plants for bioremediation will be discussed.

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Wu, Lan, Chongyang Li, Qiliang Chen e Binquan Li. "Deep adversarial domain adaptation network". International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 17, n. 5 (1 settembre 2020): 172988142096464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881420964648.

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The advantage of adversarial domain adaptation is that it uses the idea of adversarial adaptation to confuse the feature distribution of two domains and solve the problem of domain transfer in transfer learning. However, although the discriminator completely confuses the two domains, adversarial domain adaptation still cannot guarantee the consistent feature distribution of the two domains, which may further deteriorate the recognition accuracy. Therefore, in this article, we propose a deep adversarial domain adaptation network, which optimises the feature distribution of the two confused domains by adding multi-kernel maximum mean discrepancy to the feature layer and designing a new loss function to ensure good recognition accuracy. In the last part, some simulation results based on the Office-31 and Underwater data sets show that the deep adversarial domain adaptation network can optimise the feature distribution and promote positive transfer, thus improving the classification accuracy.

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Chen, Yu, Chunling Yang, Yan Zhang e Yuze Li. "Deep conditional adaptation networks and label correlation transfer for unsupervised domain adaptation". Pattern Recognition 98 (febbraio 2020): 107072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2019.107072.

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Li, Jingjing, Mengmeng Jing, Ke Lu, Lei Zhu e Heng Tao Shen. "Locality Preserving Joint Transfer for Domain Adaptation". IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 28, n. 12 (dicembre 2019): 6103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2019.2924174.

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Ito, Hiroyuki. "Afterimages Reveal Interocular Transfer of Shape Adaptation". i-Perception 2, n. 4 (maggio 2011): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/ic364.

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Dhanarajan, Gajaraj, e Shannon Timmers. "Transfer and adaptation of self‐instructional materials". Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning 7, n. 1 (febbraio 1992): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0268051920070102.

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31

Shimakura, H., e K. Sakata. "Interocular transfer and summation of chromatic adaptation". Journal of Vision 4, n. 11 (1 novembre 2004): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/4.11.82.

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32

Pereira, Luís A. M., e Ricardo da Silva Torres. "Semi-supervised transfer subspace for domain adaptation". Pattern Recognition 75 (marzo 2018): 235–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2017.04.011.

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33

Pan, Jianhan, Xuegang Hu, Peipei Li, Huizong Li, Wei He, Yuhong Zhang e Yaojin Lin. "Domain adaptation via Multi-Layer Transfer Learning". Neurocomputing 190 (maggio 2016): 10–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2015.12.097.

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34

Cooper, Endymion D. "Horizontal Gene Transfer: Accidental Inheritance Drives Adaptation". Current Biology 24, n. 12 (giugno 2014): R562—R564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2014.04.042.

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35

Seidler, Rachael D. "Differential Transfer Processes in Incremental Visuomotor Adaptation". Motor Control 9, n. 1 (gennaio 2005): 40–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/mcj.9.1.40.

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36

Redding, Gordon M., e Benjamin Wallace. "Asymmetric Visual Prism Adaptation and Intermanual Transfer". Journal of Motor Behavior 41, n. 1 (gennaio 2009): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2009.10125920.

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37

Huang, Junchu, e Zhiheng Zhou. "Transfer metric learning for unsupervised domain adaptation". IET Image Processing 13, n. 5 (18 aprile 2019): 804–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-ipr.2018.5871.

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38

Tahmoresnezhad, Jafar, e Sattar Hashemi. "Visual domain adaptation via transfer feature learning". Knowledge and Information Systems 50, n. 2 (7 maggio 2016): 585–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10115-016-0944-x.

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39

Kwon, Huck-ju, e Woo-rim Kim. "The Evolution of Cash Transfers in Indonesia: Policy Transfer and National Adaptation". Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies 2, n. 2 (maggio 2015): 425–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app5.83.

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40

Jiang, Shu, Zuchao Li, Hai Zhao, Bao-Liang Lu e Rui Wang. "Tri-training for Dependency Parsing Domain Adaptation". ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing 21, n. 3 (31 maggio 2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3488367.

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Abstract (sommario):

In recent years, the research on dependency parsing focuses on improving the accuracy of the domain-specific (in-domain) test datasets and has made remarkable progress. However, there are innumerable scenarios in the real world that are not covered by the dataset, namely, the out-of-domain dataset. As a result, parsers that perform well on the in-domain data usually suffer from significant performance degradation on the out-of-domain data. Therefore, to adapt the existing in-domain parsers with high performance to a new domain scenario, cross-domain transfer learning methods are essential to solve the domain problem in parsing. This paper examines two scenarios for cross-domain transfer learning: semi-supervised and unsupervised cross-domain transfer learning. Specifically, we adopt a pre-trained language model BERT for training on the source domain (in-domain) data at the subword level and introduce self-training methods varied from tri-training for these two scenarios. The evaluation results on the NLPCC-2019 shared task and universal dependency parsing task indicate the effectiveness of the adopted approaches on cross-domain transfer learning and show the potential of self-learning to cross-lingual transfer learning.

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KABORE, Prosper, e Amadou OUATTARA. "Contribution des recettes du marché des transferts des joueurs dans le processus d’autonomisation financière des clubs de football au Burkina Faso". Revue d’Economie Théorique et Appliquée 11, n. 2 (30 dicembre 2021): 187–98. https://doi.org/10.62519/reta.v11n2a6.

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Résumé : L’objectif de cet article est d’apprécier la contribution des recettes des transferts des joueurs dans le processus de financement des clubs de football au Burkina Faso. Le modèle employé est une adaptation de Sloane (1971) et de Dessus et al. (2011). Les données couvrant la période 2017-2021, ont été collectées auprès des dirigeants des clubs et de la fédération burkinabè de football. Les résultats des estimations montrent que les recettes des transferts des joueurs ont un impact positif et significatif au seuil de 1% sur les recettes des clubs au Burkina Faso. Il en résulte que les clubs peuvent utiliser la stratégie du recours au marché des transferts des joueurs pour financer leur budget. Mots clés : Clubs de football - Marché des transferts - Recette de transfert – autonomisation financière. Contribution of player transfer market receipts to the financial empowerment process of football clubs in Burkina Faso Abstract: The objective of this article is to assess the contribution of player transfer revenue to the funding process of football clubs in Burkina Faso. The model used is an adaptation of Sloane (1971) and Dessus et al. (2011). The data covering the period 2017-2021, were collected from the leaders of the clubs and the Burkinabè football federation. The results of the estimations show that the receipts from the transfers of the players have a positive and significant impact at the threshold of 1% on the receipts of the clubs in Burkina Faso. As a result, clubs can use the strategy of using the player transfer market to finance their budget. Keywords: Football clubs - Transfer market - Transfer revenue - Financial empowerment. J.E.L. Classification: Z20 - Z23 – G32 - H61.

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Lee, Yeonsook, e Jonghyo Park. "Latent group Classification and Transfer Effects on School Adaptation of Transitional Youth Who Experienced COVID-19: Applying Latent Transition Analysis". Korea University Institute of Educational Research 93 (30 novembre 2024): 31–66. https://doi.org/10.24299/kier.2024.374.31.

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Abstract (sommario):

The purpose of this study is to identify the patterns of school adaptation transition among adolescents who experienced both the COVID-19 pandemic and a school level transition, and to longitudinally examine the factors influencing this transition. To this end, latent transition analysis was conducted using data from the 2018 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey for 2018 (first year of middle school), 2020 (third year of middle school), and 2022 (second year of high school). The study found that, first, school adaptation profiles were identified as four types in the first year of middle school (teacher relationship-centered maladjustment, maladjustment, low adaptation, high adaptation), three types in the third year of middle school (maladjustment, low adaptation, high adaptation), and four types in the second year of high school (academic-centered maladjustment, maladjustment, low adaptation, high adaptation). Second, the transfer patterns of adolescent school adaptation were represented by three models, and 12 representative transition types were derived. Third, individual and school characteristics, parents' affectionate and autonomous parenting attitudes, and academic apathy were confirmed to influence school adaptation transfers during the first, third, and second years. This study is significant as it provides basic data on school adaptation by clarifying the developmental processes through which transitional adolescents either adapt to or become maladjusted in school.

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43

GÜLGÖNEN, A., e E. GUDEMEZ. "Toe-to-Hand Transfers: More Than 20 Years Follow-Up of Five Post-Traumatic Cases". Journal of Hand Surgery 31, n. 1 (febbraio 2006): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsb.2005.09.017.

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In post-traumatic losses of the thumb and fingers, reconstruction can be performed with success using various combinations of toe transfers. In this study, we have presented second toe and combined toe transfers which have been followed up for more than 20 years. Second toe transfer was used in four patients for reconstruction of the thumb. Combined second and third toe transfer was performed in two patients with a metacarpal hand for finger reconstruction. Long-term follow-up results show that patients with toe-to-hand transfers have acceptable adaptation to the reconstructed hand and good hand function. Toe transfer should be individually planned and carefully executed to obtain optimal results and minimal disability in the donor foot.

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Wang, Jinsung, e Robert L. Sainburg. "Generalization of Visuomotor Learning Between Bilateral and Unilateral Conditions". Journal of Neurophysiology 102, n. 5 (novembre 2009): 2790–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00444.2009.

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A long history of behavioral and physiological research has suggested that bilateral coordination invokes unique neural processes that are not involved in unilateral movements. This hypothesis predicts that motor learning should show limited transfer between unilateral and bilateral conditions, which is consistent with a recent finding that indicated partial, but not complete, transfer of learning between the two conditions. However, during learning of new motor skills, transformations must also be made between visual and proprioceptive coordinate systems, a process that may occur upstream to the processes that differentiate bilateral from unilateral movements. We now investigate whether visuomotor adaptations are shared between unilateral and bilateral movement conditions. Our results indicate substantial transfer from bilateral to subsequent unilateral conditions for both arms. Interestingly, whereas the nondominant arm never showed complete adaptation to visual rotation under bilateral conditions, this interference, or lack of improvement, in bilateral performance did not disturb the visuomotor adaptation process or transfer, as reflected by superb unilateral performances immediately following the bilateral conditions. These findings unambiguously indicate that visuomotor adaptation can extensively generalize between bilateral and unilateral conditions, thus suggesting a substantial overlap in the neural processes underlying visuomotor transformations between the two movement conditions. Our findings provide support for a two-stage model of motor planning, in which the visuomotor transformation process precedes the processes that convert the visuomotor plan into effector-specific commands that incorporate bilateral synergies and that result in the forces that determine motion.

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Asimakoulas, Dimitris. "Aristophanes in Comic Books: Adaptation as Metabase". Meta 61, n. 3 (23 marzo 2017): 553–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1039219ar.

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Abstract (sommario):

Translation studies researchers have for a long time critically engaged with the idea of translation being a mode of creative rewriting across media and cultural or temporal divides. Adaptation studies experts use a similar premise to study products, processes and reception of adaptations for specific locales. This article combines such perspectives in order to shed light on an under-researched area of comic adaptation: this is the metabase, or transfer, of Aristophanic comedies to the comic book format in Greek and their subsequent translation into English for an e-book edition (Metaichmio Publications 2012). The paper suggests a model for the close reading of creative transfer based on Lefèvre’s (2011; 2012) typology of formal properties of comics and Attardo’s (2002) General Theory of Verbal Humour. As is shown, visual rhythm and text-image relations create a rich environment for anachronism, parody, comic characterisation and ideological comments, all of which serve a condensed plot. The English translation rewrites cultural/ideological references, amplifies obscenity and emphasizes narrator visibility, always taking into consideration the mise en scène.

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46

Alias, Jamsari, e Norazila Mat. "Adaptation In Knowledge Transfer Within MNC Subsidiary Episodes". International Journal of Religion 5, n. 10 (4 luglio 2024): 3054–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.61707/1pmdkj05.

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With the advent of multinational corporations (MNCs), it is more important than ever to understand how parent companies oversee their subsidiaries' activities and transfer knowledge to them. Japanese corporations have led the way in this field, employing approaches such as the Toyota Production System (TPS) to transfer the Japanese manufacturing ethos while maintaining quality and control in their international operations. While much has been said about the process of transferring Japanese manufacturing capabilities, little is understood about how these processes. Thus, a complete qualitative investigation was done in the Japanese multinational's subsidiary, which included three significant manufacturing initiatives (or philosophies): "TPS," "TPM," and "TS." Case data were acquired using 52 in-depth interviews with project participants, documentation, and moderate-participant observations. Using the subsidiary's procedures, forming the complete process, and, most importantly, utilizing and developing episodes in snapshots to comprehend the process, we gain a better grasp of knowledge transfer. This article further elaborates how adaptation is a major element in episodic knowledge transfer.

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Huang, Min, e Jinghan Yin. "Research on Adversarial Domain Adaptation Method and Its Application in Power Load Forecasting". Mathematics 10, n. 18 (6 settembre 2022): 3223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10183223.

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Abstract (sommario):

Domain adaptation has been used to transfer the knowledge from the source domain to the target domain where training data is insufficient in the target domain; thus, it can overcome the data shortage problem of power load forecasting effectively. Inspired by Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), adversarial domain adaptation transfers knowledge in adversarial learning. Existing adversarial domain adaptation faces the problems of adversarial disequilibrium and a lack of transferability quantification, which will eventually decrease the prediction accuracy. To address this issue, a novel adversarial domain adaptation method is proposed. Firstly, by analyzing the causes of the adversarial disequilibrium, an initial state fusion strategy is proposed to improve the reliability of the domain discriminator, thus maintaining the adversarial equilibrium. Secondly, domain similarity is calculated to quantify the transferability of source domain samples based on information entropy; through weighting in the process of domain alignment, the knowledge is transferred selectively and the negative transfer is suppressed. Finally, the Building Data Genome Project 2 (BDGP2) dataset is used to validate the proposed method. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can alleviate the problem of adversarial disequilibrium and reasonably quantify the transferability to improve the accuracy of power load forecasting.

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Alcântara, Carolina C., Charalambos C. Charalambous, Susanne M. Morton, Thiago L. Russo e Darcy S. Reisman. "Different Error Size During Locomotor Adaptation Affects Transfer to Overground Walking Poststroke". Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 32, n. 12 (9 novembre 2018): 1020–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1545968318809921.

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Abstract (sommario):

Background. Studies in neurologically intact subjects suggest that the gradual presentation of small perturbations (errors) during learning results in better transfer of a newly learned walking pattern to overground walking. Whether the same result would be true after stroke is not known. Objective. To determine whether introducing gradual perturbations, during locomotor learning using a split-belt treadmill influences learning the novel walking pattern or transfer to overground walking poststroke. Methods. Twenty-six chronic stroke survivors participated and completed the following walking testing paradigm: baseline overground walking; baseline treadmill walking; split-belt treadmill/adaptation period (belts moving at different speeds); catch trial (belts at same speed); post overground walking. Subjects were randomly assigned to the Gradual group (gradual changes in treadmill belts speed during adaptation) or the Abrupt group (a single, large, abrupt change during adaptation). Step length asymmetry adaptation response on the treadmill and transfer of learning to overground walking was assessed. Results. Step length asymmetry during the catch trial was the same between groups ( P = .195) confirming that both groups learned a similar amount. The magnitude of transfer to overground walking was greater in the Gradual than in the Abrupt group ( P = .041). Conclusions. The introduction of gradual perturbations (small errors), compared with abrupt (larger errors), during a locomotor adaptation task seems to improve transfer of the newly learned walking pattern to overground walking poststroke. However, given the limited magnitude of transfer, future studies should examine other factors that could impact locomotor learning and transfer poststroke.

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Weiss, Karl R., e Taghi M. Khoshkoftaar. "A Study of the Impact of Base Traditional Learners on Transfer Learning Algorithms". International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 27, n. 06 (settembre 2018): 1850022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213018500227.

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Abstract (sommario):

A transfer learning environment is characterized by not having sufficient labeled training data from the domain of interest (target domain) to build a high-performing machine learner. Transfer learning algorithms use labeled data from an alternate domain (source domain), that is similar to the target domain, to build high-performing learners. The design of a transfer learning algorithm is typically comprised of a domain adaptation step following by a learning step. The domain adaptation step attempts to align the distribution differences between the source domain and the target domain. Then, the aligned data from the domain adaptation step is used in the learning step, which is typically implemented with a traditional machine learning algorithm. Our research studies the impact of the learning step on the performance of various transfer learning algorithms. In our experiment, we use five unique domain adaptation methods coupled with seven different traditional machine learning methods to create 35 different transfer learning algorithms. We perform comparative performance analyses of the 35 transfer learning algorithms, along with the seven stand-alone traditional machine learning methods. This research will aid machine learning practitioners in the algorithm selection process for a transfer learning environment in the absence of reliable validation techniques.

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Lim, Ray, Abhishek Gupta, Yew-Soon Ong, Liang Feng e Allan N. Zhang. "Non-linear Domain Adaptation in Transfer Evolutionary Optimization". Cognitive Computation 13, n. 2 (15 febbraio 2021): 290–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12559-020-09777-7.

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