Tesi sul tema "Transcranial magnetic stimulation"
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Maggio, Manuel. "Non invasive brain stimulation: transcranial magnetic stimulation". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9738/.
Testo completoSeganfreddo, Riccardo. "Robotic Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Assistant". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24791/.
Testo completoSOUSA, IAM PALATNIK DE. "METROLOGICAL RELIABILITY OF TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=27524@1.
Testo completoCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Um estudo do atual estado da confiabilidade metrológica da Estimulação Magnética Transcraniana (TMS) é apresentado. A questão da segurança é abordada em três aspectos principais: A segurança e desempenho dos equipamentos de TMS; a segurança em relação aos limites de exposição para operadores do equipamento e pacientes; e a segurança do protocolo terapêutico e dos parâmetros de tratamento. Propostas para um protocolo de relatório harmonizado e a base de uma possível futura norma técnica para equipamentos de TMS também são apresentadas. Os resultados de simulações e medições da densidade de fluxo magnético emitido por equipamentos de TMS de duas marcas são relatados, com os cálculos correspondentes das distâncias seguras em relação a exposição de operadores do equipamento, usando os métodos promulgados pelas diretrizes da Comissão Internacional de Proteção Contra a Radiação Não Ionizante (ICRNIP). Estas distâncias são então comparadas com estimativas prévias encontradas na literatura. O desenvolvimento das rotinas de simulação e do sistema de medição é descrito, incluindo possíveis futuras aplicações em outros estudos e aspectos metrológicos de incerteza de medição.
A study of the current status of the metrological reliability of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is presented. The matter of safety is approached in three major aspects: The safety and performance of the TMS devices; the safety regarding exposure limits for patients, staff and the general public; and the safety of the therapeutic protocol and of the treatment parameters. Proposals for a harmonized reporting framework and the basis for a possible future TMS safety and performance technical standard are also presented. The results of simulations and measurements of the magnetic flux densities emitted by two brands of TMS devices are reported, with the corresponding calculations for the safe distances regarding staff exposure, using the methods promulgated by the guidelines of the International Commission on Non Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). These distances are compared to the previous estimates found in literature. The development of both the simulation routines and the measurement system are described, including possible future applications in other studies and metrological aspects of measurement uncertainty.
Allen, Christopher P. G. "Probing visual consciousness with transcranial magnetic stimulation". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/40572/.
Testo completoWan, Zakaria Wan Nurshazwani. "Force-controlled Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) robotic system". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1517.
Testo completoYi, Xiang. "Design of a robotic transcranial magnetic stimulation system". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1444.
Testo completoWagner, Timothy A. (Timothy Andrew) 1974. "Non invasive brain stimulation : modeling and experimental analysis of transcranial magnetic stimulations and transcranial DC stimulation as a modality for neuropathology treatment". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34476.
Testo completoIncludes bibliographical references (p. 281-301).
This thesis will explore the use of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Transcranial DC Stimulation (tDCS) as modalities for neuropathology treatment by means of both experimental and modeling paradigms. The first and primary modality that will be analyzed is Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). TMS is a technique that uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to focus induced currents in the brain and modulate cortical function. These currents can be of sufficient magnitude to depolarize neurons, and when these currents are applied repetitively (repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)) they can modulate cortical excitability, decreasing or increasing it, depending on the parameters of stimulation. This thesis will explore important facets of the electromagnetic field distributions and fundamental electromagnetic interactions to lay the foundation for future development of a more complete neural model and improved stimulation techniques. First, TMS will be analyzed as a technique used in normal healthy subjects. Finite element modeling (FEM) studies will be explored for realistic healthy human head models with a particular focus placed on the TMS induced cortical currents and their dependency on coil position, normal tissue anatomy, and the electromagnetic tissue properties.
(cont.) This component of the thesis will also include experimental work focused on exploring the in-vivo tissue conductivity and permittivity values used in TMS studies and their impact on stimulation (including a detailed literature review). The next component of the thesis will explore the use of TMS in subjects suffering from various pathologies. The first pathological condition that will be analyzed is cortical stroke. FEM studies will be evaluated and compared to the healthy head models to assess how the cortical modifications brought on at an infarction site can alter the TMS induced current densities. We will also include a laboratory study that assesses the efficacy of TMS in stroke treatment, where repetitive TMS (rTMS) was applied to the unaffected hemisphere to decrease inter-hemispheric inhibition of the lesioned hemisphere and improve motor function in stroke patients. Next, the use of TMS in conditions of brain atrophy will be assessed through modeling analyses. This component will also include an evaluation of the clinical work in the field and ways in which the current density alterations caused by the atrophy have led to clinical misconceptions. Transcranial DC Stimulation (tDCS) will be the second modality analyzed through modeling and experimental work.
(cont.) In tDCS, the cerebral cortex is stimulated through a weak dc current in a non-invasive and painless manner and can modulate cortical excitability like TMS. We will define finite element head models of tDCS for both normal and pathologic cases and evaluate the use of tDCS in the clinic in a stroke treatment experiment (analogous to the one completed with TMS). Finally, we will assess and compare these forms of brain stimulation to other forms of neurological treatment and conclude with proposed future improvements to the field of non-invasive brain stimulation.
by Tim Wagner.
Ph.D.
van, de Ruit Mark Laurens. "Rapid assessment of corticospinal excitability using transcranial magnetic stimulation". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6626/.
Testo completoLoporto, Michela. "Transcranial magnetic stimulation and action observation : exploring methodological issues". Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2012. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/315709/.
Testo completoSouza, Victor Hugo de Oliveira e. "Development of instrumentation for neuronavigation and transcranial magnetic stimulation". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59135/tde-21032018-153036/.
Testo completoA neuronavegação e a estimulação magnética transcraniana (EMT ou TMS, do termo em inglês transcranial magnetic stimulation) têm sido apresentadas como ferramentas valiosas em aplicações clínicas e de pesquisa. A neuronavegação possibilita a localização de instrumentos em relação a imagens anatômicas durante procedimentos de intervenção neurológica. Por sua vez, a EMT permite o estudo não invasivo da função cerebral e o tratamento de doenças neurológicas. Apesar da importância de ambas as técnicas, o alto custo dos sistemas de neuronavegação e a reduzida precisão espacial da EMT em ativar estruturas cerebrais limitam suas aplicações. Sendo assim, o objetivo desta tese foi: i) desenvolver um software de neuronavegação gratuito e de código aberto, ii) estudar a combinação entre neuronavegação e impressão 3D para planejamento cirúrgico, e iii) construir uma bobina de EMT multicanal com controle eletrônico da orientação do campo elétrico (CE). Na primeira parte, desenvolvemos e caracterizamos um software de neuronavegação compatível com vários rastreadores espaciais, o InVesalius Navigator. O algoritmo criado possibilitou o rastreamento de instrumentos por uma interface gráfica intuitiva. A precisão medida foi semelhante à de sistemas comerciais. Na segunda parte, imprimimos modelos 3D de pacientes com patologias neurológicas e avaliamos os erros de localização de marcos anatômicos durante a neuronavegação. Os erros de localização foram inferiores a 3 mm, considerados aceitáveis para aplicações clínicas. Por fim, na última parte, combinamos duas bobinas sobrepostas para controlar eletronicamente a orientação do CE, e investigamos como as respostas motoras evocadas dependem da orientação da corrente. A bobina desenvolvida possibilitou estimular o córtex motor com alta resolução angular. As respostas motoras apresentaram maior amplitude e menor latência para orientação do CE aproximadamente perpendicular ao sulco central. Em suma, esta tese fornece novos métodos para melhorar a precisão espacial de técnicas de intervenção com o cérebro.
Valiulis, Vladas. "The effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on brain bioelectrical activity". Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140925_135043-14839.
Testo completoTranskranijinė magnetinė stimuliacija (TMS) – tai modernus neinvazinis vaistams rezistentiškų psichiatrinių sutrikimų gydymo būdas. Fiziologiniai TMS tyrimai pasižymi įvairiais, dažnai prieštaringais rezultatais, daugeliu atvejų didžiausias dėmesys skiriamas betarpiškiems poveikiams po vienos TMS procedūros, bet ne po pilno terapinio kurso. Manoma, kad rezultatų įvairovę TMS praktikoje įtakoja skirtingi stimuliacijos parametrai ir netikslumai parenkant stimuliuojamą zoną smegenyse. Nors TMS terapija dažnai traktuojama kaip švelnesnė alternatyva elektros impulsų terapijai (EIT), palyginamųjų fiziologinių šių metodikų tyrimų labai trūksta. Darbo tikslas buvo įvertinti TMS terapijos kurso poveikį bioelektriniam galvos smegenų aktyvumui ir palyginti jį su EIT terapijos poveikiu. Buvo tirta aukšto ir žemo dažnių (10 Hz ir 1 Hz) TMS terapijos įtaka EEG dažnių galios spektrui bei sukeltiniam klausos potencialui P300, naudojant standartinį ir neuronavigacinį taikinio pozicionavimą. TMS sukelti EEG pokyčiai palyginti su EIT terapijos sukeltais EEG pokyčiais, išmatuota TMS terapijos sąlygotų pokyčių dinamika kelių mėnesių bėgyje. Rezultatai parodė, kad TMS terapijos pasekoje smegenyse ryškiausiai padidėja delta dažnio galia. Naudojant standartinį pozicionavimą 10 Hz TMS sukėlė įvairesnius ir intensyvesnius EEG galios spektro pokyčius nei 1 Hz TMS. Pritaikius neuronavigacinę sistemą 10 Hz TMS atveju sumažėjo teta ir alfa dažnių galios pokyčiai. Praėjus keliems mėnesiams nuo TMS... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Feredoes, Eva Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Investigating the neural correlates of higher cognitive functions in humans using transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Psychiatry, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23460.
Testo completoWaterston, Michael. "Improved discrimination of visual stimuli following repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation". Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86887.
Testo completoLa stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétitive (rTMS) à certains seuils fréquences augmente pour potentiels évoqués moteurs et phosphènes suite d'une stimulation du moteur ou du cortex visuel. Par conséquent rTMS suppose souvent de mettre en place une lésion «virtuel» des régions cérébrales sollicitées, avec des performances comportementales réduit d'autant. Ici, nous avons étudié les effets de la rTMS au cortex visuel sur l'aptitude des sujets d'effectuer des tâches visuelles psychophysiques. Contrairement aux attentes d'un déficit visuel, nous constatons que rTMS améliore souvent la discrimination des caractéristiques visuelles. Pour les tâches d'orientation grossière, de la discrimination d'un stimulus statique améliorée à la suite constamment theta-burst stimulation du lobe occipital. L'utilisation d'un temps de réaction tâche, nous avons constaté que ces améliorations se sont produites tout au long du champ visuel et a duré plus d'un heure après l'rTMS. Basse fréquence (1 Hz) stimulation permis des améliorations similaires. Enfin, nous avons observé une meilleure discrimination en profondeur suivant à haute fréquence rTMS à V3A, et ces effets ont été très tâches spécifiques, ce qui donne de faciliter la distinction de disparité, mais pas l'orientation. L'ensemble, nos résultats suggèrent que rTMS améliore de manière générale ou n'a pas d'effet sur l'acuité visuelle, avec la nature de l'effet en fonction du type de stimulation et de la tâche. Nous interprétons nos résultats dans le contexte d'un modèle idéal-observateur de la perception visuelle.
Hung, June. "Transcranial magnetic stimulation studies on the control of visual selection". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434847.
Testo completoNoh, Nor Azila. "Cortical oscillations and plasticity induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/11035.
Testo completoBestmann, Sven. "Physiological characterisation of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446494/.
Testo completoSalinas, Felipe Santiago. "3-Dimensional modeling of transcranial magnetic stimulation design and application : a dissertation /". San Antonio : UTHSC, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com.libproxy.uthscsa.edu/pqdweb?did=1588783031&sid=9&Fmt=2&clientId=70986&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Testo completoStevenson, Andrew James. "Examining cortical involvement in the StartReact effect using transcranial magnetic stimulation". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/35976.
Testo completoArgyropoulos, Giorgos Panagiotis. "Neocerebellar Kalman filter linguistic processor : from grammaticalization to transcranial magnetic stimulation". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5694.
Testo completoWright, M. A. S. Y. "Investigation of cortical excitability in epilepsy using transcranial magnetic brain stimulation". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1318154/.
Testo completoLowe, Andrea S. "Neural Mechanisms of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Tinnitus". Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7637.
Testo completoBusan, Pierpaolo. "Transcranial magnetic stimulation in the planning and execution of reaching movements". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3072.
Testo completoThe neurophysiology of the monkey and human brain shows that transformation of visuomotor coordinates is related to the activation of a distributed and complex population of parietal, premotor and motor neurons. We can think about these circuits like different cortical areas activated in different times during reaching and grasping planning and execution, with different relations and communications among them. In this theoretic field, my PhD project was aimed at investigating the organization of planning and execution of visually guided reaching movements in the human brain, by means of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) in healthy subjects. I obtained a temporal and spatial map of both hemispheres, in order to refine available information about this complex system. In the contra-lateral hemisphere, an acceleration of reaction time was found when delivering TMS, on superior occipital lobe, at 50% of medium reaction time, without preferences for reaching direction in the peripersonal space. With the same time of stimulation, an acceleration of reaction times was also evident when stimulating the region of the parieto-occipital sulcus, but only for straight-forward reaching. Finally, in posterior superior parietal lobule slower reaction times were evident when TMS was delivered at 75% of the medium reaction time, but only for straight-forward reaching. Another facilitation of reaction time was evident in one of the five points stimulated in left parietal cortex, when TMS was delivered at 75% of medium reaction time, with no peripersonal space preferences. In dorsal premotor cortex another facilitation in reaction time was found, when TMS was delivered at 75% of medium reaction time, again with no peripersonal space preferences. Finally, I investigated the right hemisphere in cortical points homologue to those of the left hemisphere. Results indicated that only the region of the dorsal parieto-occipital sulcus is bilaterally involved. In fact, slower reaction times were evident when TMS was delivered at 75% of the medium reaction time. This indicates temporal differences in activation between left and right parieto-occipital sulcus. In all the effective points, the execution of control experiments showed that findings were specifically related to the planning of reaching movements, excluding the possibility of attentional, motor or perceptual effects, and that they were not due to diffusion of current to primary motor cortex. When delivering TMS during execution of reaching movements, effects were evident only when pulses were applied at 50% of medium movement time. In particular, a delay in movement time was evident in the parietal and premotor regions. Also in this case, control experiments excluded that effects were due to current diffusion to primary motor cortex and assured the specificity of the effect for visually-guided reaching. Present findings suggest that planning of reaching with right hand in healthy subjects starts early in left superior occipital cortex and in parieto-occipital region. Successively, a parallel and diffuse pattern of activation is evident. This pattern involves a specific point of superior parietal lobule in a ventral and rostral left parietal position, and a more anterior point of the premotor dorsal cortex, where a parallelism in activation could be speculated. Moreover, an interference in late motor planning in right and ipsilateral parieto-occipital cortex was evoked, that could be in strict functional and temporal relation with the homologue result obtained in left parieto-occipital region. Consequently, it could be suggested that even if planning of reaching movements relies principally on contra-lateral hemisphere, a bilateral involvement might also occur at least in parieto-occipital cortex. On the other hand, cortical structures in contra-lateral hemisphere seem to be involved in the control of on-line reaching movements only when the hand is approaching the target. In the present study, effects were reported only for parietal and premotor cortices. This suggests that the affected areas might be more involved in the control of on-line movements, confirming the pivotal role of the parietal cortex in managing visuomotor information. In conclusion, this research project contributes to the understanding of the cortical dynamics involved in the planning and control of reaching movements. Specifically, new insights are provided about the temporal involvement of the different cortical regions being part of the process.
Il raggiungimento e la prensione di un oggetto sotto la guida visiva sono movimenti che i soggetti sani riescono a realizzare molto semplicemente. La neurofisiologia del sistema nervoso centrale ha dimostrato che le trasformazioni visuo-motorie, necessarie per l’implementazione di questi movimenti, si basano sull’attivazione di una distribuita e complessa popolazione di neuroni parietali, motori e promotori della corteccia cerebrale. Possiamo immaginare tali circuiti come differenti regioni corticali che si attivano durante diverse finestre temporali, con diversi gradi di relazione ed elementi di comunicazione tra loro. Per capire meglio l’esatto ruolo giocato dalle diverse regioni parietali e frontali durante la pianificazione e l’esecuzione dei movimenti di raggiungimento e di prensione, sono stati eseguiti esperimenti su un totale di 269 volontari sani e consenzienti (età 19-56 anni, età media e deviazione standard 26.1 ± 6.4 anni), cui veniva applicata una Stimolazione Magnetica Transcranica (TMS) durante l’esecuzione di un compito visuo-motorio. I soggetti venivano fatti sedere comodamente, chiedendo loro di iniziare il compito con gli occhi chiusi e con la mano destra mantenuta in posizione di riposo sopra un sensore ottico (che permetteva di misurare il tempo di reazione), posizionato centralmente rispetto al loro corpo. Un segnale acustico indicava ai soggetti di aprire gli occhi e di raggiungere il più velocemente e accuratamente possibile un oggetto posizionato sul tavolo a 35 cm di distanza di fronte a loro, oppure spostato di 40° a destra o a sinistra. Ai soggetti veniva richiesto di mantenere sempre lo sguardo in posizione centrale per tutta la durata dell’esperimento. L’oggetto era collegato ad un sensore tattile, utile per registrare i tempi di movimento (cioè il tempo che intercorreva dal momento in cui la mano lasciava il sensore ottico fino al raggiungimento dell’oggetto). La TMS è stata somministrata al 25%, al 50%, al 75% e al 90% del tempo di reazione medio o al 25% e al 50% del tempo di movimento medio di ogni soggetto. Sono stati stimolati 33 punti corticali, comprendendo entrambi gli emisferi. In ogni esperimento, per ognuno dei punti corticali investigati, sono state raccolte 42 prove (21 con TMS e 21 senza), ugualmente distribuite nello spazio peripersonale. In linea generale, in ogni esperimento, cinque punti corticali sono stati stimolati nella corteccia parieto-occipitale dorsale, cinque nella corteccia parietale superiore e cinque nella corteccia premotoria dorsale, in entrambi gli emisferi. I risultati ottenuti dimostrano l’esistenza di un circuito ben definito nell’emisfero sinistro, che parte dalla corteccia occipitale per arrivare fino alla corteccia premotoria, dove è stato possibile interagire tramite somministrazione di TMS, ottenendo soprattutto un accorciamento dei tempi di reazione. Infatti, un’accelerazione dei tempi di reazione è stata individuata somministrando la TMS al 50% di essi nel lobo occipitale superiore, senza però individuare preferenze di direzione nello spazio peripersonale. Successivamente, nello stesso momento di stimolazione, è stato possibile individuare un’accelerazione dei tempi di reazione anche nel solco parieto-occipitale, ma solo quando il soggetto realizzava un movimento di raggiungimento verso il centro. Anche nella corteccia parietale superiore è stato possibile osservare un effetto facilitatorio nei tempi di reazione. In questo caso però, la TMS è stata somministrata al 75% del tempo di reazione medio: l’effetto si manifestava senza preferenze direzionali nello spazio peripersonale. Infine, nella corteccia premotoria dorsale è stato possibile individuare un ultimo effetto di facilitazione sui tempi di reazione, ancora una volta quando la TMS veniva somministrata al 75% del tempo di reazione medio, e senza preferenze direzionali nello spazio peripersonale. Tempi di reazione rallentati sono stati evocati solamente nella parte posteriore del lobulo parietale superiore, quando la TMS veniva somministrata al 75% del tempo di reazione medio dei soggetti, solamente nei movimenti di raggiungimento diretti verso il centro. Per quanto riguarda l’emisfero destro, quando la TMS è stata somministrata nei punti corticali omologhi a quello di sinistra, sono stati individuati solamente tempi di reazione più lenti dopo stimolazione parieto-occipitale al 75% del tempo di reazione medio, senza preferenze spaziali peripersonali. Quando la TMS è stata somministrata durante l’ esecuzione del movimento, quattro punti sono stati stimolati nella corteccia parieto-occipitale dorsale, cinque nella corteccia parietale e cinque nella corteccia dorsale premotoria, solamente nell’emisfero di sinistra. I risultati indicano che la TMS è stata efficace esclusivamente quando è stata applicata al 50% del tempo di movimento medio. In particolare, un ritardo nei tempi di movimento è stato individuato in un punto della corteccia parietale superiore e in un punto della corteccia premotoria dorsale. In entrambi i casi, non è stato possibile evidenziare alcuna preferenza nello spazio peripersonale. I risultati raccolti confermano che la pianificazione dei movimenti di raggiungimento eseguiti con la mano destra inizia precocemente nella corteccia occipitale superiore di sinistra e nella regione parieto-occipitale dello stesso lato, proseguendo poi fino a raggiungere la corteccia premotoria dorsale. Questo indica la presenza di un circuito specifico posizionato dorsalmente, con una tempistica di attivazione che fluisce in direzione postero-anteriore. E’ stato evidenziato anche come l’emisfero ipsilaterale partecipi a tale processo, dato che è stata verificata la possibilità di interferire con la pianificazione dei movimenti di raggiungimento nella corteccia parieto-occipitale ipsilaterale. Inoltre, considerando l’effetto facilitatorio della TMS quando veniva applicata nell’emisfero sinistro al 50% del tempo di reazione medio, e quello inibitorio al 75% dello stesso quando veniva applicata all’emisfero destro, può essere ipotizzata l’esistenza di una chiara differenza di attivazione temporale tra corteccia parieto-occipitale di destra e di sinistra. Infatti, anche se la pianificazione dei movimenti di raggiungimento si basa principalmente sulla corteccia controlaterale, abbiamo dimostrato l’esistenza di un’attivazione bilaterale, almeno nella corteccia parieto-occipitale. Il coinvolgimento delle strutture corticali nel controllo on-line dei movimenti di raggiungimento è stato dimostrato essere più efficace quando la mano sta per raggiungere il suo obiettivo. In questo studio, gli effetti della TMS sono stati evidenziati nella corteccia parietale anteriore e nella corteccia premotoria, e non in regioni parieto-occipitali. Ciò suggerisce che le aree coinvolte potrebbero partecipare al controllo on-line del movimento di raggiungimento in misura maggiore rispetto a regioni corticali posteriori, confermando il loro ruolo centrale nella gestione delle informazioni visuo-motorie. La novità dello studio consiste nella realizzazione di una mappatura completa del circuito di integrazione di coordinate visuo-motorie deputato alla pianificazione e all’esecuzione dei movimenti di raggiungimento, grazie all’applicazione della TMS e la conseguente possibilità di interagire con tale sistema. Nello specifico, vengono proposte delle nuove evidenze a proposito del coinvolgimento temporale delle differenti regioni corticali che fanno parte del processo.
XXI Ciclo
1980
Barchiesi, Guido. "Motor Resonance meets Motor Performance: Neurocognitive investigations with transcranial magnetic stimulation". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368924.
Testo completoBarchiesi, Guido. "Motor Resonance meets Motor Performance: Neurocognitive investigations with transcranial magnetic stimulation". Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2012. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/847/1/Tesi_Guido_Barchiesi_PhD.pdf.
Testo completoStevens, Laura Kate. "Disruption of spatio-temporal processing in human vision using transcranial magnetic stimulation". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11011/.
Testo completoFung, Park. "Neural Field Theory of Synaptic Plasticity with Applications to Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10492.
Testo completoLopez-Fernandez, Fatima Itzel. "Influence of brain tissue inhomogeneity on induced currents due to transcranial magnetic stimulation". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421156.
Testo completoJones, Olivia Hollie. "Exploring the process of itch and its dimensionality : investigations using transcranial magnetic stimulation". Thesis, University of Hull, 2016. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:15694.
Testo completoOliver, R. M. "The modulation of visuospatial awareness in the human brain using transcranial magnetic stimulation". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1318101/.
Testo completoLee, Lucy. "Imaging the effects of 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation during motor behaviour". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414431.
Testo completoLuc, Brittney A. "The Intrarater Reliability and Agreement of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Lower Extremity Musculature". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1333647252.
Testo completoQasem, Hassan. "Investigating the test-retest reliability of motor cortex excitability using transcranial magnetic stimulation". Thesis, Qasem, Hassan (2019) Investigating the test-retest reliability of motor cortex excitability using transcranial magnetic stimulation. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2019. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/55034/.
Testo completoBurton, Mark P., Declan J. McKeefry, Brendan T. Barrett, Chara Vakrou e A. B. Morland. "Disruptions to human speed perception induced by motion adaptation and transcranial magnetic stimulation". Wiley, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4731.
Testo completoTo investigate the underlying nature of the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on speed perception, we applied repetitive TMS (rTMS) to human V5/MT+ following adaptation to either fast- (20 deg/s) or slow (4 deg/s)-moving grating stimuli. The adapting stimuli induced changes in the perceived speed of a standard reference stimulus moving at 10 deg/s. In the absence of rTMS, adaptation to the slower stimulus led to an increase in perceived speed of the reference, whilst adaptation to the faster stimulus produced a reduction in perceived speed. These induced changes in speed perception can be modelled by a ratio-taking operation of the outputs of two temporally tuned mechanisms that decay exponentially over time. When rTMS was applied to V5/MT+ following adaptation, the perceived speed of the reference stimulus was reduced, irrespective of whether adaptation had been to the faster- or slower-moving stimulus. The fact that rTMS after adaptation always reduces perceived speed, independent of which temporal mechanism has undergone adaptation, suggests that rTMS does not selectively facilitate activity of adapted neurons but instead leads to suppression of neural function. The results highlight the fact that potentially different effects are generated by TMS on adapted neuronal populations depending upon whether or not they are responding to visual stimuli.
BBSRC
Matsuda, Renan Hiroshi. "Desenvolvimento de funcionalidades no InVesalius Navigator e comparação de neuroimagem estrutural com o cérebro padrão MNI para EMTn". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59135/tde-13042018-121618/.
Testo completoNeuronavigation is a computer image-guided technique to locate surgical instruments related to brain structures. The transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation method, it has been used for clinical purposes, treating neurological disorders, and also for research purpose, studying cortical brain function. However, the use of TMS is highly dependent on coil position and orientation related to brain structures. The navigated TMS (nTMS) is a combined technique of neuronavigation system and TMS, this technique allows tracking TMS coil by image guidance. Yet, nTMS is not widely used, either in research and in the clinical environment, due to the high cost, magnetic resonance imaging requirement, complexity, and low portability of commercial TMS systems. Thus, the aim of this dissertation was to develop tools for the neuronavigator system InVesalius Navigator, such as: i) support for three types of spatial trackers; ii) synchronization of the TMS with the neuronavigator; iii) guide for coil repositioning. In addition, in order to overcome the magnetic resonance imaging requirement, studies were made to replace it with a standard brain image. In the development part, characterization experiments were done to validate the new functionalities. Therefore, the accuracy obtained was similar to commercial systems. Localization errors were less than 3 mm considered acceptable for clinical applications. In the second part, for procedures that do not require extreme accuracy, such as the location and scanning of the hotspot, the variability was considered acceptable. Therefore, the use of the standard brain image was a possible alternative for magnetic resonance imaging.
Chang, Florence. "Movement and postural control in dystonia". Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/22982.
Testo completoSTRIGARO, Gionata. "Neurophysiological study of epileptogenic networks in epilepsy". Doctoral thesis, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11579/86981.
Testo completoSyeda, Farheen. "Development of Novel Models to Study Deep Brain Effects of Cortical Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation". VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5517.
Testo completoHamdalla, Hisham Hamdalla Mohamed. "Transcranial magnetic stimulation in normal human adult subjects and patients with motor neurone disease". Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407642.
Testo completoDayer, Mark. "Limitations to Exercise in Congestive Heart Failure: Insights from Peripheral and Transcranial Magnetic stimulation". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486285.
Testo completoFaulkner, Deborah. "Asymmetries in unimanual and bimanual coordination : evidence from behavioural and transcranial magnetic stimulation studies". University of Western Australia. School of Psychology, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0048.
Testo completoNithi, Kannan Athavan. "Mapping the cortical representation of upper limb muscles in man using transcranial magnetic stimulation". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302261.
Testo completoPuzzo, Ignazio. "Individual differences in the human mirror neuron system : electroencephalographic and transcranial magnetic stimulation investigations". Thesis, University of Essex, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.528858.
Testo completoRiach, Martin. "The effect of manipulating action observation variables on corticospinal excitability using transcranial magnetic stimulation". Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2018. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/622348/.
Testo completoSwayne, O. B. C. "Motor recovery following ischaemic stroke in humans : insights from transcranial magnetic stimulation and imaging". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1333990/.
Testo completoZolj, Adnan. "Electrically Small Dipole Antenna Probe for Quasi-static Electric Field Measurements". Digital WPI, 2018. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/202.
Testo completoKöhlert, Katharina. "Disruption of the right temporoparietal junction using transcranial magnetic stimulation impairs the control of shared representation of action". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-203986.
Testo completoBender, Robert William. "The Effects of Passive Heat Stress on Muscle Fatigue and Intracortical Excitability of the Wrist Flexors". Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1307493073.
Testo completoMELO, Lorena Figueiredo de. "Efeitos das estimulações cerebelares não invasivas no aprendizado motor e equilíbrio de indivíduos saudáveis". Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18609.
Testo completoMade available in DSpace on 2017-04-20T13:29:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação_Lorena Melo.pdf: 5009694 bytes, checksum: 8c547ec6fe15f072172ade3743762b9f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-12
CAPES
A presente dissertação apresenta dois estudos com o intuito de avançar no conhecimento das repercussões das estimulações cerebelares no aprendizado motor e equilíbrio de indivíduos saudáveis. O estudo 1 se propôs a investigar os efeitos polaridade-dependentes da estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua cerebelar (ETCCc) no equilíbrio de indivíduos saudáveis. O estudo 2, verificou os efeitos da ETCCc e da estimulação magnética transcraniana repetitiva cerebelar (EMTr-c) no aprendizado motor de saudáveis. No primeiro estudo, 15 voluntárias saudáveis e destras foram submetidas a três sessões de ETCCc (anódica, catódica e sham) no hemisfério cerebelar direito em ordem contrabalanceada. Em cada sessão, o equilíbrio estático e dinâmico foi avaliado pela ferramenta Biodex Balance System antes e após cada estimulação, através dos testes Athlete Single Leg Stability e Limits of Stability. Os resultados apontaram para uma piora no equilíbrio estático após a ETCCc catódica, avaliado pelo Athlete Single Leg Stability do membro inferior esquerdo em comparação com os valores basais (p=0,01) e com a ETCCc sham (p=0,04). Dessa forma, é possível afirmar que a ETCCc catódica foi capaz de interferir no equilíbrio estático de indivíduos saudáveis. O segundo estudo foi realizado com 18 voluntários destros, submetidos a seis sessões em ordem contrabalanceada. As sessões consistiram na aplicação dos seguintes protocolos sobre o hemisfério cerebelar esquerdo: (i) ETCCc anódica; (ii) ETCCc catódica; (iii) ETCCc sham; (iv) EMTr-c 10 Hz; (v) EMTr-c 1 Hz e (vi) EMTr-c sham. O aprendizado motor online (durante a estimulação) e offline (após a estimulação) foi avaliado através do teste de reação serial (aquisição e evocação) e teste de escrita (duração total e precisão do movimento), respectivamente. Foi observado que para o aprendizado motor online, as EMTr-c 1 Hz (p=0,018) e 10 Hz (p=0,010) e ETCCc catódica (p=0,001) foram capazes de alterar a aquisição, enquanto que todas as estimulações (p<0,05), com exceção da anódica (p=0,126), foram capazes de interferir na evocação da sequência aprendida. Em relação ao aprendizado motor offline, houve redução da duração total da escrita para todas as condições de estimulação (p<0,05). Para a precisão do movimento, houve melhora apenas para as condições: ETCCc anódica (p=0,003), EMTr-c 1 Hz (p=0,006) e 10 Hz (p=0,014). Portanto, a EMTr-c parece melhorar o aprendizado motor independente da frequência de estimulação e do momento da execução da tarefa (online ou offline). Por outro lado, o efeito da ETCCc mostra-se polaridade-dependente, visto que apenas a ETCCc anódica melhorou o aprendizado offline e a catódica apresentou melhores resultados para o aprendizado online.
This dissertation comprises two studies in order to understand the effects of cerebellar stimulations on motor learning and postural balance of healthy individuals. The first experiment (study 1) aimed to investigate the polarity-dependent effects of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) on postural balance in healthy volunteers. The second experiment (study 2) aimed to evaluate ctDCS and cerebellar repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (c-rTMS) effects on motor learning in healthy individuals. In the first study, 15 righ-handed healthy volunteers were submitted to three ctDCS sessions (anodal, cathodal and sham) in a counterbalanced order. In each session, static and dynamic balance were evaluated by the Biodex Balance System before and after each stimulation through the Athlete Single Leg Stability and Limits of Stability tests. It was found a worsening static balance after cathodal ctDCS, assessed by Left Athlete Single Leg Stability test when compared to baseline (p=0.01) and sham stimulation (p=0.04). Thus, it is reasonable to assume that cathodal ctDCS was able to interfere on static balance in healthy individuals. The second experiment (study 2) was performed with 18 righthanded volunteers submitted to six session in a counterbalanced order. In each session, the left cerebellar hemisphere was modulated by the following protocols: (i) Anodal ctDCS; (ii) Cathodal ctDCS; (iii) Sham ctDCS; (iv) 10 Hz c-rTMS; (v) 1 Hz crTMS and (vi) Sham c-rTMS. Motor learning was evaluated during (online) or after (offline) stimulation protocols by the serial reaction test (acquisition and evoking phases) and handwriting test (duration and movement precision), respectively. It was observed that for online motor learning, 1 Hz c-rTMS (p=0.018) and 10 Hz (p=0.010) and also cathodal ctDCS (p=0.001), were able to interfere on acquisition phase. All stimulations (p<0.05) except for anodal ctDCS (p=0.126) were able to interfere when the learned sequence was evoked. Regarding offline motor learning, results revealed a reduction of duration for all stimulation conditions. However, for movement precision it was found an improvement for anodal ctDCS (p=0.003), 1 Hz c-rTMS (p=0.006) and 10 Hz c-rTMS (p=0.014). Therefore, c-rTMS seems to improve motor learning independently of stimulation frequency and time (online or offline). On the other hand, ctDCS effects were polarity-dependent since anodal ctDCS was capable to modulate offline learning, while cathodal ctDCS showed better results for online motor learning performance.
Osei-Lah, Abena Dansoa. "Intracortical excitability is altered in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis : a transcranial magnetic stimulation study". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415039.
Testo completoPoma, Roberto. "The use of transcranial magnetic stimulation in the evaluation of Doberman pinschers with cervical spondylopathy". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ66113.pdf.
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