Tesi sul tema "Traitement par choc laser"
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Sollier, Arnaud. "Etude des plasmas générés par interaction laser-matière en régime confiné : application au traitement des matériaux par choc laser". Phd thesis, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00089243.
Testo completoAfin de mieux comprendre les phénomènes physiques mis en jeu dans ce régime d'interaction particulier, une modélisation originale du procédé a été développée. Un code numérique traitant les processus de claquage dans l'eau de confinement permet dans un premier temps de déterminer les caractéristiques (intensité crête et durée à mi-hauteur) de l'impulsion laser transmise à travers la fenêtre de confinement. Un modèle hydrodynamique auto-consistant traitant les plasmas confinés (plasmas froids et denses, corrélés et partiellement dégénérés) utilise ensuite ces paramètres pour calculer les chargements mécaniques et thermiques induits à la surface de la cible traitée. Pour terminer, ces chargements sont utilisés en entrée du code aux éléments finis ABAQUS afin de simuler les contraintes résiduelles d'origine mécanique et thermique induites par le traitement.
Les résultats de ces simulations ont été validés par comparaison avec différentes mesures expérimentales réalisées pour des conditions d'irradiation laser (longueurs d'ondes de 1064 nm et de 532 nm, durées d'impulsion de 3 ns et 10 ns) typiques des conditions opératoires réelles utilisées au niveau industriel.
Ces résultats montrent que les petites taches focales permettent de limiter fortement le chauffage de la cible par le plasma confiné, et donc de s'affranchir des effets thermiques induits par le traitement. Ils ouvrent donc de nouvelles perspectives quant à la réalisation du traitement par choc laser sans utiliser de revêtement thermo-protecteur. Par ailleurs, ils permettant d'expliquer les résultats obtenus avec la configuration de traitement développée par Toshiba (très petites taches focales, haute cadence, pas de revêtement protecteur), qui demeuraient incompris jusqu'alors.
Ohayon, Eric. "Effets thermomécaniques créés par laser à exciplexes en géométrie confinée : application au traitement des matériaux métalliques par choc". Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX11038.
Testo completoGhrib, Meriem. "Contrôle santé des structures composites : génération de délaminages par choc laser et quantification par apprentissage machine". Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENAM0070/document.
Testo completoIn this work, we approach delamination quantification in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) laminates as a classification problem whereby each class corresponds to a certain damage extent. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used to perform multi-class classification task. Classically, Signal Based Features (SBF) are used to train SVMs when approaching SHM from a machine learning perspective. In this work, starting from the assumption that damage causes a structure to exhibit nonlinear response, we investigate whether the use of Nonlinear Model Based Features (NMBF) increases classification performance. NMBF are computed based on parallel Hammerstein models which are identified with an Exponential Sine Sweep (ESS) signal. Dimensionality reduction of features vector using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is also conducted in order to find out if it allows robustifying the quantification process suggested in this work. The proposed quantification approach was first tested and validated using simulation results. Thereafter, experimental results on CFRP composite plates equipped with piezoelectric elements and containing various delamination severities are considered for demonstration. Delamination-type damage is introduced into samples in a calibrated and realistic way using LASER Shock Wave Technique (LSWT) and more particularly symmetrical LASER shock configuration. We have experimentally demonstrated that such a configuration of LASER shock is an effective alternative to conventional damage generation techniques such as conventional impacts and Teflon inserts since it allows for a better calibration of damage in type, depth and size
FOURNIER, JEAN. "Generation d'ondes de choc par laser pulse de forte energie : applications mecaniques et metallurgiques". Palaiseau, École polytechnique, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EPXX0007.
Testo completoPeyre, Patrice. "Traitement mecanique superficiel d'alliages d'aluminium par ondes de choc-laser. Caracterisation des effets induits et application a l'amelioration de la tenue en fatigue". Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMP624S.
Testo completoChaieb, Iheb. "Analyse et simulation des contraintes résiduelles induites par des traitements mécaniques de précontrainte en grenaillage et choc laser". Reims, 2004. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000022.pdf.
Testo completoIn this work, we studied shot peening (SP) and laser shock processing (LSP). We compared experimental residual stress (RS) and pick width profiles issued from both processes. We noticed that LSP produces deeper profiles with lower RS level resulting in lower gradients. In addition, we showed that Almen control is applicable for LSP. The finite element simulation of SP parameters influences, exhibited the importance that takes the velocity of shots with material's sensibility to strain rates. Concerning the other parameters, the results agreed with bibliography. The influence of coverage rates on surface RS was studied and we showed the possibility of stabilizing the RS state with coverage rates inferior to 100%. We obtained this result with a regular distribution of impacts. In addition, we developed a random distribution routine of Hertz pressures that approached the real behaviour of shots in SP. The obtained results in terms of RS, strain and Almen intensity were encouraging. Concerning LPS, we studied the influence of the diameter and the pressure of impacts in addition to the presence of protective coating on RS and strain profiles. The results agreed with experience. Also, we studied the impact repetition which led to a saturation in strain, and thus in curvature. Finally, we demonstrated that a homogenous state of RS and strain is possible with relatively high coverage rates (up to 50%)
Dalloz, Blanche. "Influence d'un traitement de surface par choc laser sur la microstructure et les proprietes tribologiques en regime non lubrifie de materiaux metalliques poreux elabores par metallurgie des poudres". Paris, ENMP, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ENMP0505.
Testo completoHuvier, Corine. "Consolidation de poudres métalliques par compression isostatique et chocs laser : microstructures et propriétés d'agglomérés obtenus avec des poudres de cuivre allié". Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2266.
Testo completoChaieb, Iheb Lodini Alain. "Analyse et simulation des contraintes résiduelles induites par des traitements mécaniques de précontrainte en grenaillage et choc laser thèse pour le doctorat en sciences spécialité Mécanique et matériaux /". Reims : S.C.D. de l'Université, 2005. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000022.pdf.
Testo completoPacorel, Victor. "Contribution à l’étude de l’oxydation à haute température sous air d’alliages de titane : mécanismes et facteurs bénéfiques à la tenue au-delà de 600°C". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCK049.
Testo completoThe work undertaken in this PhD thesis is part of a technological and environmental dynamic in the aeronautics and aerospace sectors, aimed at extending the operating temperature of titanium alloys in turbojets engines beyond 600°C, the current limit. To this end, the aim of this study is to investigate the oxidation mechanism of titanium alloys in air at high temperature (above 600°C) with a particular focus on factors beneficial to oxidation resistance such as the presence of nitrogen in the oxidation atmosphere, the presence of silicon in the alloy or the effect of laser shock peening (LSP) treatment prior to oxidation.To carry out this study, different materials were used: commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) as a reference material, TiXT alloy containing 0.45%w silicon and already used in the automotive industry, and samples of these two previous materials subjected to LSP treatment using a protocol that had already proven its effectiveness in improving oxidation resistance.The materials were oxidized in air at 650°C and 700°C for short periods (from 15 minutes to 100 hours), in order to study the first stages of oxidation, and over long periods (up to 6000 hours), more representative of the actual service life of these the materials in turbojets engines. Afterward, various analysis techniques were implemented to characterize the material in terms of oxidation kinetics (TGA) and nitrogen accumulation (nuclear microprobe, GDOES), oxide and metal/oxide interface microstructure (SEM, TEM), crystallographic phase evolution (XRD with synchrotron radiation) and oxygen insertion mechanism (isotopic labelling).These various characterizations have contributed to improve our current understanding of the oxidation mechanism of titanium alloys at high temperature, mainly concerning the behavior of atmospheric nitrogen and the influence of the presence of surface nano-crystallization or silicon in the alloy on this behavior. These results include for example: the parabolic kinetics of nitrogen accumulation with the oxidation time or the acceleration of nitrogen accumulation and formation of Ti2N0.84 nitrides caused by the presence of silicon in the alloy.The work carried out has therefore led to a better understanding of the oxidation mechanism of titanium alloys at high temperature and opens up new prospects for the development of alloys or mechanical surface treatments associated with better resistance to high temperature oxidation
Frugier, Pierre Antoine. "Quantification 3D d’une surface dynamique par lumière structurée en impulsion nanoseconde. Application à la physique des chocs, du millimètre au décimètre". Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112129.
Testo completoA Structured Light System (SLS) is an efficient means to measure a surface topography, as it features both high accuracy and dense spatial sampling in a strict non-invasive way. For these reasons, it became in the past years a technique of reference. The aim of the PhD is to bring this technique to the field of shock physics. Experiments involving shocks are indeed very specific: they only allow single-shot acquisition of extremely short phenomena occurring under a large range of spatial extensions (from a few mm to decimeters). In order to address these difficulties, we have envisioned the use of a well-known high-speed technique: pulsed laser illumination. The first part of the work deals with the evaluation of the key-parameters that have to be taken into account if one wants to get sharp acquisitions. The extensive study demonstrates that speckle effect and depth of field limitation are of particular importance. In this part, we provide an effective way to smooth speckle in nanosecond regime, leaving 14% of residual contrast. Second part introduces an original projective formulation for object-points reconstruction. This geometric approach is rigorous; it doesn’t involve any weak-perspective assumptions or geometric constraints (like camera-projector crossing of optical axis in object space). From this formulation, a calibration procedure is derived; we demonstrate that calibrating any structured-light system can be done by extending the Direct Linear Transformation (DLT) photogrammetric approach to SLS. Finally, we demonstrate that reconstruction uncertainties can be derived from the proposed model in an a priori manner; the accuracy of the reconstruction depends both on the configuration of the instrument and on the object shape itself. We finally introduce a procedure for optimizing the configuration of the instrument in order to lower the uncertainties for a given object. Since depth of field puts a limitation on the lowest measurable field extension, the third part focuses on extending it through pupil coding. We present an original way of designing phase components, based on criteria and metrics defined in Fourier space. The design of a binary annular phase mask is exhibited theoretically and experimentally. This one tolerates a defocus as high as Ψ≥±40 radians, without the need for image processing. We also demonstrate that masks designed with our method can restore extremely high defoci (Ψ≈±100 radians) after processing, hence extending depth of focus by amounts unseen yet. Finally, the fourth part exhibits experimental measurements obtained with the setup in different high-speed regimes and for different scales. It was embedded on LULI2000 high energy laser facility, and allowed measurements of the deformation and dynamic fragmentation of a sample of carbon. Finally, sub-millimetric deformations measured in ultra-high speed regime, on a cylinder of copper under pyrotechnic solicitation are presented
Huser, Gael. "Equation d'état du fer comprimé par choc laser". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006895.
Testo completoZAGOURI, DIDIER. "Densification superficielle de matériaux poreux par choc-laser". Poitiers, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992POIT2331.
Testo completoTahan, Gilles. "Étude des assemblages collés sous choc - Propriétés mécaniques après choc laser". Thesis, Brest, École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées Bretagne, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENTA0014.
Testo completoThe study presented follows on from the work carried out during different projects in different laboratories concerning the development of a laser shock adhesion test. The goal is to develop a method for evaluating the mechanical properties after laser impact of a bonded assembly. It will therefore not be a question of evaluating a level of adhesion using laser shock, but of considering and evaluating the possible influence of a laser shock on the mechanical properties of an assembly. This study therefore only concerns healthy assemblies, the mechanical properties of which should be evaluated before and after impact, for different amplitudes in the usual pressure range of the LASAT method (LASer Adhesion Test). This characterization of assemblies involves the choice of a method suitable for adhesive joints, capable of taking into account the specificities linked to the geometry of the substrate, but also of generating a desired stress field. The method adopted is the ARCAN mechanical test, capable of evaluating the resistance of a bonded assembly under quasi-static stresses, in tension, in shear or mixed. In addition, the ARCAN test allows the identification of behavioral laws of adhesive joints. Likewise, it is possible to characterize the composite lamellae in their out-of-plane behavior. This work was carried out at Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lôme (IRDL), on ENSTA Bretagne site (Brest), in partnership with Engie Ineo whose activity, the construction of radomes in composite materials, is concerned with questions of control of bonded assemblies. This work was also the occasion of a collaboration with the CEA DAM DIF which made available ESTHER laser - material interaction simulation code
Henry, Emeric. "Equation d'état et métallisation de l'eau comprimée par choc laser". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2003. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001019.
Testo completoBallard, Patrick. "Contraintes résiduelles induites par impact rapide. Application au choc-laser". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 1991. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001897.
Testo completoMASSE, JEAN-ERIC. "Caracterisation mecanique de surfaces d'echantillons d'aciers traites par choc laser". Paris, ENSAM, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENAM0016.
Testo completoGay, Elise. "Comportement de composites sous choc induit par laser : développement de l'essai d'adhérence par choc des assemblages de composites collés". Phd thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers - ENSAM, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00667560.
Testo completoDEVAUX, DAVID. "Caracterisation des plasmas formes par laser impulsionnel en geometrie confinee. Application au choc laser". Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112323.
Testo completoFariaut, François. "Traitement de surface par laser excimère". Orléans, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ORLE2049.
Testo completoCourapied, Damien. "Etude de l’interaction laser matière en régime de confinement par eau avec deux impulsions laser. Application au test d’adhérence par choc laser". Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0073/document.
Testo completoThe laser shock wave generation is a novel process becoming more and more common. The shock waves are used to generate mechanicals effects in the sample. The laser absorption results in the creation of a plasma at the surface. This plasma during its expansion creates a shock wave propagating through the sample. This work aims to study the various phenomena involved in the laser-matter interaction. In the field of laser generated shock waves, two different processes exist: the Laser Shock Peening (LSP) and the LASer Adhesion Technique (LASAT). The new challenge deals with the limitations of those processes and the solutions to be setting up to improve them. Some ideas concerning the confinement improvement as water substitution or thermal coatings optimization are suggested in this work. Moreover, the use of double delayed laser pulses allows, for LASAT, the location of main tensile stresses near interfaces. However, for LSP, some aspects dealing with the profitability linked to the peening rate are investigated here. Last but not least, whether the very short (0 to 1000 ns) or very long delays (from 200µs to 200ms), the study of the laser-matter interaction phenomena allows to overcome some limitations for both laser shock processes
Lafon, Marion. "Étude du schéma d'allumage par choc en fusion par confinement inertiel". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14403/document.
Testo completoThe Shock Ignition (SI) scheme is an alternative to classical ignition schemes in Inertial Confinement Fusion. Its singularity relies on the relaxation of constraints during the compression phase and fulfilment of ignition conditions by launching a short and intense laser pulse (~500 ps, ~300 TW) on the preassembled fuel at the end of the implosion.In this thesis, it has been established that the SI process leads to a non-isobaric fuel configuration at the ignition time thus modifying the ignition criteria of Deuterium-Tritium (DT) against the conventional schemes. A gain model has been developed and gain curves have been infered and numerically validated. This hydrodynamical modeling has demonstrated that the SI process allows higher gain and lower ignition energy threshold than conventional ignition due to the high hot spot pressure at ignition time resulting from the ignitor shock propagation.The radiative hydrodynamic CHIC code developed at the CELIA laboratory has been used to determine parametric dependences describing the optimal conditions for target design leading to ignition. These numerical studies have enlightened the potential of SI with regards to saving up laser energy, obtain high gains but also to safety margins and ignition robustness.Finally, the results of the first SI experiments performed in spherical geometry on the OMEGA laser facility (NY, USA) are presented. An interpretation of the experimental data is proposed from mono and bidimensional hydrodynamic simulations. Then, different trails are explored to account for the differences observed between experimental and numerical data and alternative solutions to improve performances are suggested
Fleury, Nicolas Pierre. "Le traitement des sténoses urétrales par laser /". Genève : Ed. Médecine et hygiène, 2003. http://www.unige.ch/cyberdocuments/theses2002/FleuryN/these.pdf.
Testo completoBardy, Simon. "Contrôle et optimisation du test d'adhérence par choc laser sur assemblages collés". Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENAM0061/document.
Testo completoBonding process generalization within aerospace, aeronautical and automotive structures faces the need of quantitative non-destructive evaluation of assemblies. Laser shock adhesion test (LASAT) meets this requirement by applying a calibrated stress to bonded joints and using non-destructive diagnostics to determine the post-shock state of the joint. The calibrated stress must disbond weak joints and keep correct assemblies intact. Optimal laser parameters determination aims at implementing this non-destructive proof test (ND-LASAT). It is achieved through application of a well-defined methodology, which implies the concerned assembly characterization by an experimental and numerical approach, followed by an optimization step. Optimization implies diversification of laser-matter configurations. Use of numerical tools for predicting loadings applied to bonded joints is then required. Models development within a multi-physics code is proposed and validated here to respond to this need. A significant effort has been made for evaluating models’ precision. Experimental demonstration of ND-LASAT process is achieved on three different bonded assemblies, and thus validating both methodology and numerical chain developed in this study
Poggi, Françoise. "Analyse par vélocimétrie d'un mélange gazeux créé par instabilité de Richtmyer-Meshkov". Poitiers, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997POIT2365.
Testo completoHuser, Gae͏̈l. "Etude des propriétés des matériaux d'intérêt astrophysique et géophysique par choc laser". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPXX0004.
Testo completoLescoute, Emilien. "Etude de la fragmentation dynamique de métaux sous choc laser". Phd thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00565028.
Testo completoViala, Diego. "Étude de la physique de l'allumage par choc". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0127.
Testo completoA decade of experiments at the National Ignition Facility has proven that inertial confinement fusion is a credible approach to energy production, with experiments having exceeded the ignition regime. However, the indirect-drive approach is not suited for high gain implosions and reliable energy production. The direct-drive ignition approach is favoured for energy production as it features simpler target designs and couples more energy to them. There are currently no ignition-scale laser facilities configured for the standard direct-drive approach. Integrated direct-drive experiments have mostly been focused on understanding the physics at reduced scales, with the ultimate goal of demonstration of necessity and feasibility of construction of an international direct-drive laser facility.This thesis manuscript presents a study on the validation of state-of-the-art 3D radiative hydrodynamics codes and the understanding of low modes and laser coupling which play crucial roles in the study of inertial fusion energy. Careful examination of CBET models is of paramount importance in this context, ensuring the accuracy of simulations and contributing to the design of future direct-drive facilities. In addition, the investigation of laser homogeneity on target is imperative to understand its overall impact on the system
Richard, Alain. "Traitement de trempe superficielle par laser du zircaloy". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600824k.
Testo completoBenuzzi, Alessandra. "Génération de hautes pressions par choc laser : application à la mesure d'équations d'état". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 1997. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001020.
Testo completoBENUZZI, ALESSANDRA. "Generation de hautes pressions par choc laser : application a la mesure d'equations d'etat". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EPXX0041.
Testo completoMariani, Christian Jules Lucien. "Etude expérimentale d'instabilités d'interfaces induites par une onde de choc au moyen d'un dispositif de visualisation par coupe plane laser". Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX11072.
Testo completoLauribe, Philippe. "Contribution a l'etude de la fibrillation auriculaire permanente, traitement par choc electrique externe et interne". Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX20853.
Testo completoPhilippe, Franck. "Mesure de l'équation d'état de matériaux poreux à l'aide d'ondes de choc générées par laser". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2001. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001599/en/.
Testo completoTollier, Laurent. "Caractérisation de chocs-laser à éclairements modérés par interférométrie doppler VISAR ; application à l'étude de l'endommagement par écaillage de matériaux métalliques". Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2287.
Testo completoPrudhomme, Michel. "Traitement des tumeurs hépatiques par thermothérapie interstitielle induite par le laser diode". Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON1T020.
Testo completoBerthe, Laurent. "Processus de claquage de milieux transparents sous irradiation laser. Application au choc laser en regime de confinement par eau". Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112114.
Testo completoISSELIN, JEAN-CHRISTOPHE. "Etude experimentale de la dynamique d'une bulle de vapeur initiee par laser impulsionnel a proximite d'une paroi". Aix-Marseille 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX22114.
Testo completoVirmoux, Philippe. "Caracterisation en elastoplasticite et fatigue de contact de l'acier z100cd17 durci superficiellement par choc laser". Paris, ENSAM, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENAM0036.
Testo completoBolis, Cyril. "Etude numérique et expérimentale de la séparation par chocs brefs d'interface de revêtements multi-couches : application au test d'adhérence par chocs laser". Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT2337.
Testo completoLaser shock driven on a multi layer system yields traction stress at the interface and provides a new process for testing the bond strength of coatings by the LASer Adherence Test (LASAT). Interface bond strength of various metallic systems has been evidenced using high power laser facilities together with a VISAR diagnosis. Traction stress generation has been analyzed in order to optimize the traction at the interface , according to waves synchronization process. These results have been confirmed by 1D and 2D numerical simulation. Two dimensional effects of the shock loading on traction of the interface have been numerically and experimentally evidenced. Experimental measurements have been recovered by numerical simulation implementing dynamic failure criteria of Kanel and Tuler Butcher. A realistic modeling of both roughness and porosity of coatings for plasma sprayed coatings improves consistence between numerical simulation and experiments using the LASAT process
Suwardi. "Modélisation thermique du traitement de surface par faisceau laser : application au traitement thermique superficiel". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPL038N.
Testo completoAISENFARB, JEAN-CHARLES. "Traitement des troubles du rythme ventriculaire d'origine ischemique par laser". Lille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL2M249.
Testo completoMaheut, Yohann. "Etude expérimentale de la physique de l'allumage par choc dans le cadre de la fusion nucléaire par confinement inertiel". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0202/document.
Testo completoShock ignition is a novel approach for inertial confinement fusion where the compression and the ignition phases by a strong shock are separated. The scheme is promising to the extent that it can generate very high gains and can be tested on already existing lasers systems. In addition, this concept requires lower implosion velocities that allows for compressing more massive targets which limits the impact of hydrodynamic instabilities. However, the physic issues related to shock ignition are still largely unexplored especially experimentally. Indeed, even if the compression phase takes place in the well-known collisional regime (I<1014W=cm2), ignition requires a spike which intensity exceeds 1015W=cm2.This regime is strongly non-linear with the onset of parametric instabilities. These instabilities may decrease the absorption and can also generate suprathermal electrons that can preheat the central part of the fuel and make the compression less efficient. Another key issue is the capability of launching a strong shock in presence of a plasma corona which can deteriorate the laser-target coupling and produce lamentation. Nevertheless, theoretical considerations tend to show that if the energy of fast electrons is moderate (<100keV), they could improve the coupling, deposit their energy in the shock front and hence amplify it. The work presented in this thesis consists in testing these two issues : launching a strong shock in the conditions corresponding to shock ignition i.e. in presence of a plasma corona and study the effect of hot electrons on the shock strength by measuring their energy and their quantity
Marty, Ludovic. "Etude numérique et expérimentale d'une onde de choc induite par impact laser dans une cible solide". Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2273.
Testo completoMarty, Ludovic. "Etude numérique et expérimentale d'une onde de choc induite par impact laser dans une cible solide". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376159081.
Testo completoCOTON, CHARNEAU CHRISTINE. "Traitement des dysplasies du col uterin par vaporisation au laser co2". Amiens, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AMIEM035.
Testo completoDAMON, HENRI. "Traitement palliatif par le laser nd-yag des cancers du rectosigmoide". Saint-Etienne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STET6405.
Testo completoAuroux, Eric. "Etude de l'adhérence de couches minces sur des substrats soumis à un choc laser". Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2316.
Testo completoGoyon, Clément. "Etude de l'interaction d'un faisceau laser intense avec un plasma long et chaud dans le contexte du schéma d'allumage par choc". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2014. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01061546/document.
Testo completoShock ignition is an alternative direct-drive scheme for inertial fusion that consists in two steps. The first one is a several nanoseconds long compression with low intensity beams. The second one is a several hundred of picoseconds stage using high intensity beams to create a converging shock leading to ignition. During the second phase, the laser beam goes through a long and hot under-critical plasma. However, the coupling of this intense pulse with the coronal plasma has not been much studied experimentally or numerically. Then, the energy absorbed as well as the role of parametric instabilities regarding reflected or transmitted intensity cannot be predicted. In this PhD dissertation, we describe an experimental study of an intense laser pulse between 2. 1015 W/cm2 and 2. 1016 W/cm2 interacting with millimetric plasma heated close to one keV. We begin with a theoretical description of the interaction conditions in the coronal plasma. Brillouin scattering is in strongly coupled regime, Raman instability is kinetic regime and laser intensity is above ponderomotive filamentation threshold. We recreate these interaction conditions experimentally by means of pre-heated targets which are foams or thin plastic foils. Then, we present the first measurements of time resolved backscattered spectra from the smoothed picosecond beam as well as transmitted intensity distribution through the plasma. We find that Brillouin instability can be responsible for up to 60% reflectivity in plasmas with electronic density close to critical while Raman reflectivity stays at low levels. Transmitted intensity distribution is smoothed by the propagation and its diameter increases compared to the laser focal spot in vacuum. Finally, we discuss interaction measurements in nanosecond regime to highlight the fact that parametric instabilities reduction is essential for shock ignition to be a successful scheme
Sotomayor, Jacques. "Traitement par laser des angiodysplasies digestives : à propos d'une observation avec localisation gastrique". Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2M081.
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