Bibliografie tematiche / Total production cost optimisation

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Total production cost optimisation"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 8 giugno 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Total production cost optimisation":

McArdle, A. J., A. J. McDiarmid e T. E. Asbey. "PRODUCTION OPTIMISATION VIA MULTI-PHASE FLOW METERING". APPEA Journal 45, n. 1 (2005): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj04008.

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Apache has developed a number of small oil fields using unmanned minimum facilities platforms close to Varanus Island, on the North West Shelf of Western Australia. Production from each platform is commingled into a single production trunkline. Wells producing at high watercut are artificially lifted using gaslift. Production monitoring and well allocation uses multi-phase flow meters situated on each platform. The use of these meters minimises total infrastructure cost, while still allowing the direct testing of each well. Test results are used for production optimisation of the individual wells, optimisation of the integrated production network, well and field production allocation and troubleshooting. Meter performance has been satisfactory, resulting in an additional unit being deployed on the Stag field where production is affected by high gas rates, slugging and sand production.

Al-Chalabi, Hussan Saed, Jan Lundberg, Majid Al-Gburi, Alireza Ahmadi e Behzad Ghodrati. "Model for economic replacement time of mining production rigs including redundant rig costs". Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering 21, n. 2 (11 maggio 2015): 207–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jqme-07-2014-0041.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a practical model to determine the economic replacement time (ERT) of production machines. The objective is to minimise the total cost of capital equipment, where total cost includes acquisition, operating, maintenance costs and costs related to the machine’s downtime. The costs related to the machine’s downtime are represented by the costs of using a redundant machine. Design/methodology/approach – In total, four years of cost data are collected. Data are analysed, practical optimisation model is developed and regression analysis is done to estimate the drilling rigs ERT. The artificial neural network (ANN) technique is used to identify the effect of factors influencing the ERT of the drilling rigs. Findings – The results show that the redundant rig cost has the largest impact on ERT, followed by acquisition, maintenance and operating costs. The study also finds that increasing redundant costs per hour have a negative effect on ERT, while decreases in other costs have a positive effect. Regression analysis shows a linear relationship between the cost factors and ERT. Practical implications – The proposed approach can be used by the decision maker in determining the ERT of production machines which used in mining industry. Originality/value – The research proposed in this paper provides and develops an optimisation model for ERT of mining machines. This research also identifies and explains the factors that have the largest impact on the production machine’s ERT. This model for estimating the ERT has never been studied on mining drilling rigs.

Andrawus, Jesse A., John Watson, Mohammed Kishk e Heather Gordon. "Optimisation of Wind Turbine Inspection Intervals". Wind Engineering 32, n. 5 (ottobre 2008): 477–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/030952408786411921.

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The choice of correct inspection intervals poses a serious challenge to industries that utilise physical assets. Too short an interval increases operational cost and waste production time while too long an interval increases the likelihood of unexpected asset failures. Failure Modes and Effect Criticality Analysis (FMECA) is a technique that permits qualitative evaluation of assets' functions to predict critical failure modes and the resultant consequences to determine appropriate maintenance tasks for the assets. The Delay-Time Maintenance Model (DTMM) is a quantitative maintenance optimisation technique that examines equipment failure patterns by taking into account failure consequences, inspection time and cost in order to determine optimum inspection interval. In this paper, a hybrid of FMECA and DTMM is used to assess the failure characteristics of a selected subsystems of a chosen wind turbine. Optimal inspection intervals for critical subsystems of the wind turbine are determined to minimise its total life-cycle cost.

Salmachi, Alireza, Mohammad Sayyafzadeh e Manouchehr Haghighi. "Optimisation and economical evaluation of infill drilling in CSG reservoirs using a multi-objective genetic algorithm". APPEA Journal 53, n. 1 (2013): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12034.

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Water production in the early life of Coal Seam Gas (CSG) recovery makes these reservoirs different from conventional gas reservoirs. Normally, a large amount of water is produced during the early production period, while the gas-rate is negligible. It is essential to drill infill wells in optimum locations to reduce the water production and increase the gas recovery. To optimise infill locations in a CSG reservoir, an integrated framework is developed to couple the reservoir flow simulator (ECLIPSE) and the genetic algorithm (GA) optimisation toolbox of (MATLAB). In this study, the desired objective function is the NPV of the infill drilling. To obtain the economics of the infill drilling project, the objective function is split into two objectives. The first objective is the gas income; the second objective is the cost associated with water production. The optimisation problem is then solved using the multi-objective solver. The economics of the infill drilling program is investigated for a case study constructed based on the available data from the Tiffany unit in San Juan basin when gas price and water treatment cost are variable. Best obtained optimal locations of 20 new wells in the reservoir are attained using this optimisation framework to maximise the profit of this project. The results indicate that when the gas price is less than $2/Mscf, the infill plan, regardless of the cost of water treatment, is not economical and drilling additional wells cannot be economically justified. When the cost of water treatment and disposal increases from $0.01/STB to $4/STB, the optimisation framework intelligently distributes the infill wells across the reservoir in a way that the total water production of infill wells is reduced by 26%. Simulation results also indicate that when water treatment is an expensive operation, lower water production is attained by placing the infill wells in depleted sections of the coal bed, close to the existing wells. When water treatment cost is low, however, infill wells are freely allocated in virgin sections of the coal bed, where both coal gas content and reservoir pressure are high.

Purnomo, Muhammad Ridwan Andi. "Incorporating deep learning data analytics techniques in the optimisation of capacitated planned maintenance". Jurnal Sistem dan Manajemen Industri 6, n. 2 (30 dicembre 2022): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30656/jsmi.v6i2.5076.

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Manufacturing systems must be supported by the availability of materials, a streamlined production process and a prepared production line to achieve the production target. In a mass customization manufacturing system, the number of machines required for customization is relatively small. Conse-quently, maintenance on critical machines will impact this manufacturing system the most. Two types of maintenance strategies are implemented: corrective and preventive maintenance. The corrective maintenance requires more resources since the time and cost to repair the breakdown machine will be higher due to fatal failure. For the management to consider preventive maintenance while the binding machines are still operational, it must be equipped with a deep analysis demonstrating that fewer resources will be required. This paper discusses two deep analyses: accurate prediction of the binding machines' breakdown based on Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) data using a deep learning data analytics technique and optimizing the maintenance total cost in the available capacitated time. The findings and results of this paper show that the proposed deep learning data analytics technique can increase the MTBF prediction accuracy by up to 66.12% and reduce the total maintenance cost by up to 4% compared with the original model.

Banyai, Agota. "MATERIAL REQUIREMENT PLANNING FOR BUILD-TO-SEQUENCE SUPPLY: A MULTI-LEVEL OPTIMISATION APPROACH". Journal of Production Engineering 25, n. 1 (30 giugno 2022): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/jpe-2022-01-025.

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Material requirement planning (MRP) plays an important role in the life of production companies, because it has a great impact on the efficiency of manufacturing operations and it influences the total cost. Just-in-time and just-in-sequence supply offer new solutions to improve the cost-efficiency from inventory holding point of view. Within the frame of this article the author focuses on the build-to-sequence strategy of just-in-sequence supply and demonstrate an integrated approach of material requirement planning. The suggested methodology includes the determination of build-to-sequence orders, the optimisation of material requirement from lead time and cost point of view and determine the optimal sequence of operations to fulfil build-to-sequence demands. The computational results show, that the integrated optimisation leads to an increased cost efficiency, while the required manufacturing operations are performed with a decreased lead time.

Fu, Peng, Danny Pudjianto, Xi Zhang e Goran Strbac. "Integration of Hydrogen into Multi-Energy Systems Optimisation". Energies 13, n. 7 (1 aprile 2020): 1606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071606.

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Hydrogen presents an attractive option to decarbonise the present energy system. Hydrogen can extend the usage of the existing gas infrastructure with low-cost energy storability and flexibility. Excess electricity generated by renewables can be converted into hydrogen. In this paper, a novel multi-energy systems optimisation model was proposed to maximise investment and operating synergy in the electricity, heating, and transport sectors, considering the integration of a hydrogen system to minimise the overall costs. The model considers two hydrogen production processes: (i) gas-to-gas (G2G) with carbon capture and storage (CCS), and (ii) power-to-gas (P2G). The proposed model was applied in a future Great Britain (GB) system. Through a comparison with the system without hydrogen, the results showed that the G2G process could reduce £3.9 bn/year, and that the P2G process could bring £2.1 bn/year in cost-savings under a 30 Mt carbon target. The results also demonstrate the system implications of the two hydrogen production processes on the investment and operation of other energy sectors. The G2G process can reduce the total power generation capacity from 71 GW to 53 GW, and the P2G process can promote the integration of wind power from 83 GW to 130 GW under a 30 Mt carbon target. The results also demonstrate the changes in the heating strategies driven by the different hydrogen production processes.

Korkulu, Sezen, e Krisztián Bóna. "Development of a Lot-Sizing Model to Prevent Heat Stress and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders". Promet - Traffic&Transportation 33, n. 6 (13 dicembre 2021): 871–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v33i6.3837.

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Management of heat stress and metabolic cost is vital for preventing any work-related disorders. In this paper, we integrated rest time formulations for heat strain and metabolic cost to develop a new lot sizing model for preventing heat exposure and work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The effects of heat strain and rest allowance on the total cost of the production supply process were investigated. The problem studied in this paper was the handling of the raw materials placed in boxes by manual material handling in order to supply the material requirement of a production line placed in a production area. For the realisation of the material handling transactions between the raw material warehouse and the production line, Electric Pallet Jack (EPJ) was used. The study covers the investigation of picking, storing, and carrying motions for the manual handling of these materials. The result of the analysis has shown that 8.5% savings were achieved by using the heat strain and rest time in comparison to the total cost of this part of the production line supply process with the ISO 7243 maximum metabolic work limit. Consequentially, the analysis results showed that the developed method demonstrated the viability of lot sizing model optimisation with multiple objectives and complex constraints with regards to the metabolic cost and heat strain.

Zhao, Gang. "Design and optimisation of advanced bearing system for ultra-precision plastic electronics production systems". Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 71, n. 2 (11 marzo 2019): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-12-2017-0370.

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Purpose The paper aims to use aluminium alloy to substitute steel as the main material of ultra-precision hydro-static bearing system for an ultra-precision plastic electronics production system to lower the manufacturing cost. The total cost of diamond turning and nickel-based electroless coating of an aluminium alloy bearing is expected to be less than the cost of manufacturing a stainless steel bearing. Design/methodology/approach The paper used a large amount of theoretical calculation to obtain optimal specifications of the bearing system. ANSYS modelling was selected to simulate the deflection of the bearing shaft under high oil pressure. Hundreds of measurements were conducted after the bearing had been manufactured. Findings The paper provides industrial application insights on using aluminium alloy with a high-quality nickle-based electroless coating as a successful substitution of stainless steel. This created a more economic hydro-static bearing system. Research limitations/implications Because of the time limit, different rotational speed tests shall be conducted in the future. Practical implications The paper provides implications for the application of nickel-based electroless coating to improve the surface property and bending strength of aluminium alloy, as well as classifying ultra-precision diamond turning as an economic finishing process. Originality/value This paper has identified the importance of aluminium alloy with a nickel-based electroless coating as the substitution of stainless steel in a precision hydro-static bearing system.

Mohammed, Nuhu, Ademola Bello Adisa, Mohammed Ahmed Bawa e Habou Dandakuta. "Design of Wind/Diesel Generator Micro-Grid Power System in Kano, Nigeria, Using Homer". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, n. 3.36 (6 maggio 2018): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.36.29072.

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A micro-grid system has been designed using wind/diesel generators power sources. The system is aimed to cater for the electricity demand of Kwankwasiyya city Kano, Nigeria. The city has about 400 housing units with average daily electricity demand of 10000 kWhr. The project employed the use of homer, a software that performs Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables. The most appropriate system architecture was chosen from the optimisation result based on the selection factors set (initial investment cost, total electrical production to site primary demand ratio and so on). A system comprising single wind turbine (800 kW), and two generators of 400 kW and 300kW has been selected based on the selection criteria. The electrical output shows that 82% of the total production will be consumed onsite with the remaining would be sold to the grid. The system has a cost of energy value of 0.279 kWh with net present cost of about $11,000,000. The system is economically viable considering the need of reliable power in the region even though, the price of the electricity is higher than what is obtainable from the grid.

Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Total production cost optimisation":

Abubakar, Aminu Sahabi. "Contribution to the development of new maintenance strategies integrated to control charts for a production process under service levels, operational, and quality constraints". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0055.

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L'industrie de la production actuelle est caractérisée par des progrès significatifs : une augmentation massive de la haute technologie, l'émergence de clients exigeants, des marchés compétitifs, une qualité de produit variée et des demandes aléatoires ont exigé la collaboration des aspects interdépendants de la production. La production, la maintenance et la qualité sont les aspects les plus critiques du système industriel. Nous nous intéressons à l'optimisation de la maintenance qui joue un rôle essentiel dans la satisfaction du client, la durabilité et le développement des entreprises. Notre étude est centrée sur le développement de la production et de la maintenance intégrées dans une carte de contrôle de la politique de qualité. Nous proposons de nouvelles stratégies de maintenance intégrée avec une analyse approfondie des améliorations continues de la fiabilité du processus de production et traitées sous les contraintes des exigences du client (Service, qualité et coût). L'intégration et la coordination optimale de ces facteurs de production n'est pas facile et représente un défi pour les entreprises industrielles, et sont plus difficiles avec les causes multi-assignables de la variation du processus de production. Pour répondre à ce problème, ce travail de recherche a utilisé l'outil carte de contrôle en combinaison avec les principes de l'AFNOR connus sous le nom de Règle des sept comme impliqués dans la gestion de la qualité. Pour surveiller, analyser et diriger les actions de maintenance appropriées pour l'amélioration continue de la fiabilité du système le long des différents scénarios de processus multiples comme niveaux de décision. Nous utilisons les interactions entre le processus de production et la qualité du produit pour des stratégies de maintenance qui réduisent la défaillance du système de production en améliorant la fiabilité du processus et en réduisant les produits non conformes. L'étude a porté de manière significative sur la qualité, les outils de qualité et leurs applications dans le contrôle de la production et de la maintenance. La technique que nous avons utilisée pour optimiser la maintenance et le contrôle de la qualité d'un système de production intégré est un outil de carte de contrôle basé sur la mesure et l'analyse statistique des paramètres de qualité. Nous modélisons différents problèmes de production et développons une politique de contrôle pour des systèmes de production à défaillance aléatoire qui doivent satisfaire les exigences des clients de manière dynamique tout au long de l'horizon de production fini. Nous avons introduit un modèle mathématique pour minimiser les coûts totaux de production, d'inventaire, de maintenance et de contrôle de la qualité. L'optimisation de la stratégie de maintenance a été intégrée dans un outil d'information sur les cartes de contrôle. Sur la base de la variation du taux de production et de son impact sur la dégradation de la machine, le nombre de maintenance, les temps et les intervalles nécessaires à une prise de décision prudente sont déterminés par l'algorithme développé. Dans ce contexte, cette recherche présente la dérivation pour différents cas de toutes les probabilités pour le processus d'être dans ou hors de contrôle, les durées moyennes d'exécution, et les durées de cycle de restauration. Sur la base du facteur de dégradation, de nouvelles équations de taux de défaillance sont formulées, puis le taux de défaillance moyen pour chaque cas, nous avons formulé différents modèles d'optimisation des coûts de maintenance. L'approche proposée est utile pour le calcul précis et la minimisation du coût total de maintenance. Elle optimise le coût total de production en considérant tous les états possibles du processus de production dus à des causes multiples. Notre travail contribue à l'émergence de techniques de gestion de la qualité et d'amélioration des performances qui contribueront au développement des entreprises de production
The current production industry is characterise by significant progress: a massive increase in high technology, the emergence of exigent customers, competitive markets, varied product quality, and random demands required the collaborations of the inter-related aspects of production. The production, maintenance, and quality are the most critical aspects of the industrial system. We are interested in optimising maintenance that plays a critical role in customer satisfaction, sustainability, and the development of companies. Our study is centred on developing production and maintenance integrated into a control chart of quality policy. We propose new integrated maintenance strategies with an in-depth analysis of the continuous production process reliability improvements and treated under customer requirements (Service, quality, and cost) constraints. The integration and optimal coordination of these factors of production is not easy and represent a challenge for industrial companies, and are more challenging with multi-assignable causes of production process variation. To address this problem, this research work employed the use of a control chart tool in combination with the AFNOR principles known as Rule of seven as involved in quality management. To monitor, analyses and direct appropriate maintenance actions for continuous system reliability improvements along the different multiple process scenarios as decision levels. We use the interactions between the production process and product quality for strategies of maintenance which reduce the failure of the production system by improving process reliability and reducing the no conformal products. The study Significantly focused on quality, quality tools, and their applications in production and maintenance control. The technique we used to optimise the maintenance and quality control of an integrated production system is a control chart tool based on statistical measurement and analysis of quality parameters. We model different production problems and develop a control policy for randomly failing production systems that must satisfy customer requirements dynamically throughout the finite production horizon. We introduced a mathematical model to minimise the total costs of production, inventory, maintenance, and quality control. The optimisation of the maintenance strategy was integrated into a control chart tool information. Based on the production rate variation and its impact on machine degradation the number of maintenance, times, and intervals needed for prudent decision-making is determined by the developed algorithm. In this context, this research presents the derivation for different cases of all the probabilities for the process to be in or out of control, the average run lengths, and the restoration cycle durations. Based on the degradation factor, new failure rate equations are formulated, and then the average failure rate for each case, we formulated different maintenance cost optimisation models. The proposed approach is useful for precise calculation and minimisation of the total maintenance cost. Which optimises total production cost considering all possible production process statuses due to multiple causes. Our work contributes to the emergence of quality management and performance improvement techniques that will contribute to the development of production companies

Tan, Jun Liang. "Development of a pitch based wake optimisation control strategy to improve total farm power production". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-304705.

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In this thesis, the effect of pitch based optimisation was explored for a 80 turbine wind farm. Using a modified Jensen wake model and the Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) model, a pitch optimisation strategy was created for the dominant turbulence and atmospheric condition for the wind farm. As the wake model was based on the FLORIS model developed by P.M.O Gebraad et. al., the wake and power model was compared with the FLORIS model and a -0.090% difference was found. To determine the dynamic predictive capability of the wake model, measurement values across a 10 minute period for a 19 wind turbine array were used and the wake model under predicted the power production by 17.55%. Despite its poor dynamic predictive capability, the wake model was shown to accurately match the AEP production of the wind farm when compared to a CFD simulation done in FarmFlow and only gave a 3.10% over-prediction. When the optimisation model was applied with 150 iterations and particles, the AEP production of the wind farm increased by 0.1052%, proving that the pitch optimisation method works for the examined wind farm. When the iterations and particles used for the optimisation was increased to 250, the power improvement between optimised results improved by 0.1144% at a 222.5% increase in computational time, suggesting that the solution has yet to fully converge. While the solutions did not fully converge, they converged sufficiently and an increase in iterations gave diminishing results. From the results, the pitch optimisation model was found to give a significant increase in power production, especially in wake intensive wind directions. However, the dynamic predictive capabilities will have be improved upon before the control strategy can be applied to an operational wind farm.

Pellegrini, Jacob Philip. "Reduction of total production cost through the use of safety stock and process improvements". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122569.

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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2019, In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2019, In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 76-77).
In an ideal production system, supply exactly meets demand. Instantaneous, correct quantities arrive exactly at the right location when needed. However, real-world production systems often have variability- a change in the quantity demanded, a broken part, a shipping delay for a snow storm. The variability can be random, so companies are left with a dilemma: too little inventory buffer and a shortage may occur; too much inventory and capital is unnecessarily tied up in inventory sitting on the shelves. Using research conducted at the Boeing 737 program as a case study, this thesis proposes the application of a multi-step approach to optimize the total cost of the production system, balancing holding cost (inventory) with the disruption cost of a shortage. The initial pilot shows that small increases in inventory can have an order of magnitude of cost avoidance. The methodology includes system observation, qualitative interviews with Boeing employees, quantitative data gathering and analysis, proposed changes, and measured results. First, the historical supply and demand variability of the system is identified. Second, the cost of a shortage is estimated for the system. Next, an analytical approach to set safety stock levels is applied to balance the cost of inventory held with the cost of a shortage. By reducing the variability in the system, inventory levels can be reduced while maintaining the service levels. This process is then repeated at regular intervals to optimize the total cost of the system, balancing inventory holding cost and the disruption cost of a shortage.
by Jacob Philip Pellegrini.
M.B.A.
S.M.
M.B.A. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering

Liu, Ying. "Multi-objective optimisation methods for minimising total weighted tardiness, electricity consumption and electricity cost in job shops through scheduling". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14125/.

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Manufacturing enterprises nowadays face the challenge of increasing energy prices and requirements to reduce their emissions. Most reported work on reducing manufacturing energy consumption focuses on the need to improve the efficiency of resources (machines). The potential for energy reducing at the system-level has been largely ignored. At this level, operational research methods can be employed as the energy saving approach. The advantage is clearly that the scheduling and planning approach can be applied across existing legacy systems and does not require a large investment. For the emission reduction purpose, some electricity usage control policies and tariffs (EPTs) have been promulgated by many governments. The Rolling Blackout policy in China is one of the typical EPTs, which means the government electricity will be cut off several days in every week for a specific manufacturing enterprise. The application of the Rolling Blackout policy results in increasing the manufacturing enterprises’ costs since they choose to start to use much more expensive private electricity to maintain their production. Therefore, this thesis develops operational research methods for the minimisation of electricity consumption and the electricity cost of job shop type of manufacturing systems. The job shop is selected as the research environment for the following reasons. From the academic perspective, energy consumption and energy cost reduction have not been well investigated in the multi-objective scheduling approaches to a typical job shop type of manufacturing system. Most of the current energy-conscious scheduling research is focused on single machine, parallel machine and flow shop environments. From the practical perspective, job shops are widely used in the manufacturing industry, especially in the small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Thus, the innovative electricity-conscious scheduling techniques delivered in this research can provide for plant managers a new way to achieve cost reduction. In this thesis, mathematical models are proposed for two multi-objective job shop scheduling optimisation problems. One of the problems is a bi-objective problem with one objective to minimise the total electricity consumption and the other to minimise the total weighted tardiness (the ECT problem). The other problem is a tri-objective problem which considers reducing total electricity consumption, total electricity cost and total weighted tardiness in a job shop when the Rolling Blackout policy is applied (the EC2T problem). Meta-heuristics are developed to approximate the Pareto front for ECT job shop scheduling problem including NSGA-II and a new Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm (GAEJP) based on the NSGA-II. A new heuristic is proposed to adjust scheduling plans when the Rolling Blackout policy is applied, and to help to understand how the policy will influence the performance of existing scheduling plans. NSGA-II is applied to solve the EC2T problem. Six scenarios have been proposed to prove the effectiveness of the aforementioned algorithms. The performance of all the aforementioned heuristics have been tested on Fisher and Thompson 10×10, Lawrence 15×10, 20×10 and 15×15 job shop scenarios which were extended to incorporate electrical consumption profiles for the machine tools. Based on the tests and comparison experiments, it has been found that by applying NSGA-II, the total non-processing electricity consumption in a job shop can decrease considerably at the expense of the schedules’ performance on the total weighted tardiness objective when there are tight due dates for jobs. When the due dates become less tight, the sacrifice of the total weighted tardiness becomes much smaller. By comparing the Pareto fronts obtained by GAEJP and by NSGA-II, it can be observed that GAEJP is more effective in reducing the total non-processing electricity consumption than NSGA-II, while not necessarily sacrificing its performance on total weighted tardiness. Thus, the superiority of the GAEJP in solving the ECT problem has been demonstrated. The scheduling plan adjustment heuristic has been proved to be effective in reducing the total weighted tardiness when the Rolling Blackout policy is applied. Finally, NSGA-II is proved to be effective to generate compromised scheduling plans for using the private electricity. This can help to realise the trade-off between the total weighted tardiness and the total electricity cost. Finally, the effectiveness of GAJEP in reducing the total non-processing electricity consumption has been validated in a real-world job shop case.

Berkoune, Djamel. "Optimisation de l'ordonnancement prenant en compte les tâches prévisionnelles". Valenciennes, 2005. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/447b7d18-7b4f-4074-8bd4-e36c1429ef39.

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Le contexte actuel impose aux entreprises des délais de plus en plus serrés, alors que la demande est de plus en plus irrégulière. Dans cet environnement incertain, notre travail concerne la mise en œuvre des méthodologies coopératives pour résoudre les problèmes des job-shops flexibles avec des demandes prévisionnelles. Il s'articule autour de deux parties principales. La première consiste à trouver un ordonnancement pour les demandes fermes. La deuxième consiste à insérer les demandes prévisionnelles dans les solutions initiales en optimisant les critères considérés, en utilisant des méthodes d'insertion (statique et dynamique). Pour tester l'efficacité des solutions, on à déterminer deux approches de calcul des bornes inférieures pour les critères (bornes des demandes fermes et des prévisionnelles). Une méthode de résolution pour les problèmes multicritères en affectant les poids de préférence des critères dynamiquement. Enfin, nous concluons par des d'exemples d'applications
In this work, we consider the flexible job-shop scheduling problem with uncertain demands and we develop a new cooperative methodology to solve it. It is organized in two main parts. The first one consists in finding a scheduling for the firm demands. The second one consists in developing methods allowing of insertion the predicted demands in the solutions found initially with insertion methods (static method and dynamic method) while optimizing the considered criteria. To test the effectiveness of these solutions, we determine an approach based on the calculation of the lower bounds for the criteria, which calculation on the firm demands and on the estimated ones. A method of resolution for multicriterion problems is proposed to help the decision maker when it cannot give a particular preference to the criteria. Moreover, we validate these methods on a series of example. Finaly, we conclude this memory by listing some advantages of our methods

Ericsson, Nicklas, e Tommy Brehmer. "The power of allocation : A case study at a company concerning the differences in total production costs between Sweden and China". Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, EMM (Entrepreneurship, Marketing, Management), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-904.

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Background: China is one of the most popular countries to relocate and outsource production units to. This country has a big advantage when it comes to the manual working cost which is very low. This difference between Sweden and China is huge; the cost of the manual working force is less than one twentieth of the Swedish.

Problem: Massive global relocation of production units can affect some countries in a negative way. One of the most important foundations in the society is that there is a high level of employment and this also contributes for economic growth. This is in terms of both tax incomes for the public society as well as self-esteem for the people.

Purpose: The purpose with this thesis is to examine the differences in total production costs, including allocation of overhead costs for product development and production in Sweden vs. China at a company, in this thesis referred to as Manufacturer AB.

Method: Case study approach with in-depth interviews, phone calls and e-mail follow up. In total 9 respondents consisting of managers in leading positions at Manufacturer AB in Sweden.

Conclusion: The manufacturing cost in the Chinese production unit is about 40-60 per cent compared to the Swedish unit. In the current situation the overhead allocation is 4 % overhead of MC at the Chinese production unit and 133 % at the Swedish unit. The total production costs are not reflected in a correct way per unit. To do a more true allocation, the overhead costs in the Company Group must be identified and allocated in the right proportions on their respective production unit.

By creating an average- and in next step an estimated allocation model we succeeded to do a more justified allocation of the overhead costs on the production units in Sweden and China. This model should be relative simple to implement on product- or unit level and gives a more correct allocation than the current.

However, it is the decision of Manufacturer AB to allocate their overhead as they like, but the estimated allocation model gives a base for strategic decisions on production unit level, referring to; where to locate the production units to reach competitive advantage.

Bakgrund: Kina är ett av de mest populära länderna att utlokalisera och outsourca produktionsenheter till. Detta land har en stor fördel när det gäller kostnaden för manuellt arbete, som är väldigt låg. Skillnaden mellan Sverige och Kina är enorm; kostnaden för den manuella arbetstiden är ca en tjugondel av den svenska.

Problem: Massiva globala omflyttningar av produktionsanläggningar kan påverka vissa länder negativt. En av de viktiga grundpelarna i samhället är att det finns en hög sysselsättningsgrad som bidrar till ekonomisk tillväxt. Detta gäller såväl skatteintäkter till staten som självkänsla hos folket.

Syfte: Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka skillnaderna i den totala produktionskostnaden, inkluderat fördelning av overheadkostnader för produktutveckling och produktion i Sverige jämfört med Kina vid ett företag som i denna uppsats refereras till Manufacturer AB.

Metod: Fallstudie är gjord med hjälp av personliga djupintervjuer, uppföljande telefonsamtal och elektronisk post. Totalt deltog 9 respondenter bestående av tjänstemän i ledande positioner på Manufacturer AB i sverige.

Slutsats: Tillverkningskostnaden i den Kinesiska produktionsenheten är ungefär 40-60 procent jämfört med motsvarande enhet i Sverige. I nuläget är overheadpålägget 4% på produktionsenheten i Kina och 133% på enheten i Sverige. Den totala produktionskostnaden speglas inte på ett rättvist sätt per produktionsenhet. För att göra en mer rättvis fördelning så måste koncernens totala overheadkostnad identifieras och mätas och sedan allokeras i de rätta proportionerna på respektive produktionsenhet.

Genom att skapa en genomsnittlig och i nästa steg en uppskattad fördelningsmodell lyckades vi att göra en mer rättvis fördelning av overheadkostnaderna på produktionsenheterna i Sverige och Kina. Denna modell borde vara ganska enkel att implementera på produkt- eller enhetsnivå och ger en mer korrekt fördelning än den nuvarande.

Hursomhelst, är det upp till Manufacturer AB att fördela deras overheadkostnader som de vill, men den ”uppskattade” modellen ger en bas för strategiska beslutsunderlag på produk-tionsenhetsnivå, som svarar på frågor som; var ska man lokalisera produktionsenheter för att nå konkurrensfördelar.

Babin, Anthony. "Optimisation du coût de revient global (TCO) d’un véhicule utilitaire électrique 3,5t ; modélisation multi-physique, dimensionnement et recharge intelligente". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS356.

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Le véhicule électrique est une des solutions de transport respectueuses de l’environnement, n’émettant pas de polluant lors de son utilisation. Gruau, constructeur carrossier pour véhicules utilitaires, se lance activement dans le transport écologique sur le segment de l’utilitaire 3,5t. Afin d’accroitre les ventes de véhicules utilitaires électriques, il est nécessaire d’en réduire le coût total de possession (ou TCO (Total Cost of Ownership)). L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier et de modéliser le comportement des composants de ce véhicule électrique pour simuler des calculs de TCO. Le composant principal étudié est la batterie, dont la durée de vie limitée conditionne la rentabilité du véhicule. La première partie des travaux fut consacrée à la modélisation du comportement du véhicule en fonction d’une mission client donnée. Une étude des cellules de batterie est réalisée dans le but de construire un modèle multi-physique complet en prenant en considération le vieillissement calendaire et le vieillissement en cyclage. Un modèle énergétique global, comprenant ce modèle batterie, permet de déterminer l’énergie nécessaire pour un parcours donné et de simuler le vieillissement des cellules électrochimiques afin de calculer le TCO. Une seconde partie est orientée vers le calcul du TCO. La mise en oeuvre d’un algorithme d’optimisation avec une méthodologie d’accélération des calculs a permis de réaliser les calculs dans des temps raisonnables (passage de 13h à 15min par itération). Après étude de l’impact du dimensionnement de la batterie sur le TCO, il en ressort que la réduction de la capacité n’entraine pas systématiquement la réduction du TCO. Il existe pour chaque mission un point de TCO optimal (jusqu’à 17% d’éconnomie). Afin d’améliorer le TCO, des stratégies de recharge intelligentes sont élaborées et permettent rentabilité accrue du VUE (jusqu’à 29%). Ce travail a été intégré dans un logiciel d’aide à la décision de la capacité de la batterie suivant les besoins du client, destiné aux forces de ventes commerciales
The electric vehicle is one of the environmentally friendly transport solutions that emit no pollutant during its use. Gruau, manufacturer-converter for light commercial vehicles (LCV), is actively involved in green transport in the 3.5t segment. In order to increase sales of electric LCV, it is necessary to reduce its total cost of ownership (TCO). The objective of this thesis is to study and model the behavior of the components of this electric vehicle in order to simulate TCO. The main component studied is the battery, whose limited lifetime will determine the profitability of the vehicle. The first part of the work was devoted to modeling the behavior of the vehicle according to a given customer mission. The study of battery cells was done with the aim of building a complete multi-physics model taking into account calendar aging and cycling aging. Then, this battery model is integrated in a complete energy model taking into account all the components of the studied vehicle. Then a global model, including this battery model, makes it possible to determine the energy required for a given path and to simulate the aging of the electrochemical cells in order to calculate the TCO. A second part is oriented towards the calculation of the TCO. The implementation of an optimization algorithm, with a methodology of computing acceleration, allowed to achieve the computations in reasonable times (reduction from 13h to 15min by iteration). After studying the impact of battery sizing on the TCO, it appears that the reduction of the battery capacity does not systematically lead to the reduction of the TCO. There is therefore an optimum TCO point for each mission (up to 17% savings). In order to improve the TCO, smart recharging strategies are developed and allow increasing e-LCV profitability (up to 29%). This work is integrated into a decision support software relative to the battery capacity according to customer needs, intended for commercial sales forces

Åkerberg, Filip, e Jakob Flodell. "Future production state at Strömsholmen AB : - A singel case study analyzing the impacts of eliminating a bottleneck with a total cost perspective". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Logistik- och kvalitetsutveckling, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-176959.

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All producing companies strive to deliver high-quality products to meet their customers’ requirements, to a reasonable price. In order for the companies to stay competitive, it is important to have an efficient flow through the production and therefore continually analyze and develop their own production. The master thesis was carried out at Strömsholmen AB (SAB), a company which produces and develops gas springs and hydraulic springs. Their production is made by a machining hall and an assembly hall, with a component inventory in between. SAB has a plan to upgrade their surface treatment process, the current bottleneck in the production. The goal with the thesis is to point out the future bottlenecks and constraints, furthermore, propose improvements for a more efficient flow. To discover the improvements, three research questions were asked. The first question refers to map out the current production and map the production when the surface treatment is upgraded. The second question is about finding the next bottleneck in the production with an increased order stock. The last question refers to the finding of improvements and the effects related to the production performance. In order to fulfill the purpose and answer the research questions, a literature survey was conducted and a collection of empirical data. The literature survey provided a connection to the existing theory and the study. The empirical data consists of quantitative data which illustrates the current production, the collected qualitative data gives a more in-depth knowledge about SAB’s production. The data has been collected through observations, semi-structed interviews and documentation. The analyze was built upon the five-why method, to find the root causes in the production. The empirical data established that SAB has a complex material flow through the production and a big assortment of components. Beyond that, the surface treatment process was verified as the current bottleneck of the production. When the surface treatment was upgraded, seven percent capacity was available until next machine group will reach the capacity cap. In the analyze, the current production and potential improvements were compared with the existing theories. The study pointed out the value creating and waste steps of the production and how to adjust the flow according to the value creating and waste steps. Further on, future bottlenecks were pointed out, the bottlenecks could discourage the potential to increase the order stock. Two distinguished results could be established from the analysis. First of all, it would be suitable to implement flow shop for A product’s (stands for 70% of the revenue) components that have the same material flow and go through the same machine groups. This would reduce the production throughput time and enable lower stock levels and thereby decrease the inventory carrying cost. The second result is considering how to eliminate the future bottlenecks in the production, this can be done with either sub-contractors or balance the workload. Consequently, this will enable an 20% increased order stock from the production. In addition to these two major improvements, several other improvements were found during the study which will affect SAB’s potential to gain more profit. The improvements include investigate the quality of their data, start performing forecast and review the number of products and components.

Ozlen, Melih. "A Bicriteria Rescheduling Problem On Unrelated Parallel Machines: Network Flow And Enumeration Based Approaches". Phd thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607822/index.pdf.

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This study considers bicriteria approaches to the minimum cost network flow problem and a rescheduling problem where those approaches find their applications. For the bicriteria integer minimum cost network flow problem, we generate all efficient solutions in two phases. The first phase generates the extreme supported efficient points that are the extreme points of the objective space of the continuous bicriteria network flow problem. In the second phase, we generate the nonextreme supported and unsupported efficient points by Integer Programming Based approaches. Our rescheduling problem considers parallel unrelated machine environments. The criteria are the total flow time as an efficiency measure and the total reassignment cost as a stability measure. We show that the problems that address linear functions of the two criteria can be represented by bicriteria network flow models. To generate all efficient solutions, we use a Classical Approach that is based on the optimal solutions of the singly constrained network flow problem and provide a Branch and Bound approach that starts with extreme supported efficient set and uses powerful bounds. To find an optimal solution to any nonlinear function of the two criteria, we provide a Branch and Bound approach and an Integer Programming Based approach that eliminates some portions of the efficient set that cannot provide improved solutions. We contribute both to the network flow and scheduling literature by proposing algorithms to the bicriteria network flow models and applying them to a rescheduling problem that is bicriteria in nature. The results of our extensive computations with up to 100 jobs and 12 machines have revealed that, the Branch and Bound algorithm finds the efficient set in less computational effort compared to the classical approach. In minimizing a nonlinear function of the two criteria both IP Based approach and Branch and Bound algorithm perform quite satisfactory.

Ho, Van Long, Ebuh Randy Ewane e Maxime Héaumé. "A CASE STUDY FOR LORAMAX ON SUPPLY CHAIN STRATEGY & PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-12304.

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Title: A case study for LORAMAX on supply chain strategy & production efficiency. Limitations: Due to the sensitive nature of the information in this thesis, a non-disclosure agreement was signed, and some data cannot be disclosed. Background: LORAMAX, the case company for this thesis produces differentiated products on the basis of quality. They are faced with the challenge of making a product that they recently launched, HERO, more competitive in the market. Even though they have chosen a differentiated strategy, the company understands that cost reduction could as well provide them a competitive advantage and is therefore crucial to the survival of the new product. Research questions: How can the production cost and lead time be reduced for HERO? How would the choice to either buy pre-assembled modules or manufacture them in-house influence the profit margin of HERO? Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to use relevant theories and practical tools in order to help the company identify potential opportunities and areas where to reduce assembly costs and lead-times. Method: The empirical data used to draw conclusions was collected through a mixed research method (both qualitative and quantitative) carried out on site at LORAMAX with the help of the purchasing and production manager, through interviews, questionnaires and observations. This thesis is written from a positivistic perspective with a deductive approach. Conclusions: Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) are effective tools for cost and lead time reduction and can be used to support a make-or-buy decision. In this thesis, we arrive at the conclusion that LORAMAX will improve its profit margins on HERO if it buys already assembled modules.

Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Total production cost optimisation":

Kennedy, Mitchell L. Total cost assessment for environmental engineers and managers. New York: Wiley, 1998.

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Plowman, Brian. High value, low cost: How to create profitable customer delight. London: Financial Times/Pitman, 1994.

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Reich, Thomas. Prozessverbesserung durch Kosteninformation: Japanisches, amerikanisches und europäisches Kostenmanagement im Vergleich. Wien: Linde, 1995.

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Poirier, Charles C. Supply chain optimization: Building the strongest total business network. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 1996.

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George, Mark O. The lean six sigma guide to doing more with less: Cut costs, reduce waste, and lower your overhead. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2010.

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George, Mark O. The lean six sigma guide to doing more with less: Cut costs, reduce waste, and lower your overhead. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2010.

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Mandelbaum, Jay. Value engineering synergies with lean six sigma: Combining methodologies for enhanced results. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2012.

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(Editor), Alexandre Dolgui, Jerzy Soldek (Editor) e Oleg Zaikin (Editor), a cura di. Supply Chain Optimisation: Product/Process Design, Facility Location and Flow Control (Applied Optimization). Springer, 2004.

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Dolgui, Alexandre, Oleg Zaikin e Jerzy Soldek. Supply Chain Optimisation: Product/Process Design, Facility Location and Flow Control. Springer London, Limited, 2006.

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Dolgui, Alexandre, Oleg Zaikin e Jerzy Soldek. Supply Chain Optimisation: Product/Process Design, Facility Location and Flow Control. Springer, 2014.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Total production cost optimisation":

Wei, Max, Ahmad Mayyas, Timothy E. Lipman, Hanna Breunig, Roberto Scataglini, Shuk Han Chan, Joshua Chien, David Gosselin e Nadir Saggiorato. "Fuel Cell Systems: Total Cost of Ownership". In Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Production, 27–81. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7789-5_1020.

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Tu, Y. L., e S. Q. Xie. "Product development cost estimation and optimisation in a global manufacturing environment". In Collaborative Systems for Production Management, 115–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35698-3_9.

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Pehrsson, Leif, Amos H. C. Ng e Jacob Bernedixen. "Multi-objective Production Systems Optimisation with Investment and Running Cost". In Multi-objective Evolutionary Optimisation for Product Design and Manufacturing, 431–53. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-652-8_16.

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Kuroda, Yoshimi. "Total versus Variable Cost Function Approaches to Investigating the Agricultural Production Structure". In Production Structure and Productivity of Japanese Agriculture, 189–226. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137287618_8.

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Rommelfanger, Heinrich J. "Minimizing the Total Cost in Production and Transportation Planning—A Fuzzy Approach". In Advanced Information and Knowledge Processing, 179–90. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4866-1_12.

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Rakshit, D. M., Anthony Robinson e Aimee Byrne. "A Dynamic-Based Methodology for Optimising Insulation Retrofit to Reduce Total Carbon". In Creating a Roadmap Towards Circularity in the Built Environment, 71–82. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45980-1_7.

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AbstractOptimisation is frequently mentioned in frameworks and assessments of design for a circular economy. Adopting circular economy principles in building retrofit can reduce the use of materials and minimise emissions embedded in building materials alongside reduced operational emissions. This paper presents the optimisation of retrofitted insulation thickness, using Ireland as a case study. Detailed and robust dynamic finite element models were developed based on in-situ boundary conditions and combined with economic and environmental considerations. It was determined that optimising insulation based on cost was considerably different to optimising based on carbon. Cost-optimised insulation can reduce overall cost which could expand the reach of retrofit, allowing for more existing homes to be used more efficiently. However, this approach can lead to significant increases in operational carbon and therefore a balanced decision must be made. The methodology presented can be adopted for different regions by inputting local data, which will facilitate the adoption of circular economy principals in European retrofit plans. The approach can benefit developing circular insulation materials of low embodied carbon by building a case for their use.

Ventura, Pierfranco, e Manlio Palmarocchi. "New coastal protection and sea energy production". In Proceedings e report, 723–35. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-147-1.72.

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The innovative proposal is to substitute traditional nourishment and rockfill breakwaters with total submersion energized reef turbines, so as to favor: cost of the maintenance, re-growth of the marine grasslands, sea depollution and landscape retraining. The rise in the beach level and limitation of coastal erosion, consequent deposition of suspended sand for natural nourishment, represents the principal economic benefit. Soft defense of the coasts, in calm inshore belt, mimics coral reefs and floating spinning helix, in an indifferent equilibrium in the water, turns by minimum currents.

Mota, Bruno, Daniel Ramos, Pedro Faria e Carlos Ramos. "Production Scheduling for Total Energy Cost and Machine Longevity Optimization Through a Genetic Algorithm". In Progress in Artificial Intelligence, 182–94. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49011-8_15.

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King, David, Nadeeshani Wanigarathna, Keith Jones e Joseph Ofori-Kuragu. "A Systematic Literature Review to Identify a Methodological Approach for Use in the Modelling and Forecasting of Capital Expenditure of Hyperscale Data Centres". In CONVR 2023 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality, 380–87. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3.37.

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The theme of ‘Managing the digital transformation of the construction industry’ emphasises the importance of considering various dimensions of digitalisation and optimising the built environment. This review aims to present methodological approaches from existing literature that elucidate location-related factors impacting the capital cost of data centres. These findings facilitate adjustments to historical cost data when estimating total costs for new data centres. A systematic literature review method was employed to ensure an objective and comprehensive synthesis. In conjunction with Bayes's theory, this review identifies that a Delphi methodology is the most suitable methodological approach for forecasting and modelling capital expenditure for hyper-scale data centres. The methodology enables collective decision-making and consensus building, recognising the stakeholder's pivotal role in shaping the future of data centres. These findings offer valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in forming a methodological approach for further investigations into the location-related factors impacting the capital cost of data centres. Embracing this knowledge allows us to align research and practice, ensuring that these practices become integral to shaping the future of data centres and the digitalisation and optimisation of the built environment

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Total production cost optimisation":

Underbakke, Harald, e Jon Jakobsen. "Energy Optimisation and Reduction of CO2-Emission on the North Sea Sleipner Gas Production Platform". In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0348.

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There is increasing focus in the industry towards energy efficiency and reduction of CO2 emission. In Norway this has also been strengthened by the introduction of the CO2-tax which in most cases more than doubles the fuel cost. In the North Sea production platforms operated by Statoil there has been a continuing optimisation program to reduce amount of fuel and flare gas for many years. Optimisation has been done in maintaining high efficiency in gas turbine power production, reducing especially gas compression power demand by simple modifications and process optimisation, and reduce flaring by operating procedures and simple modifications. This has on the Sleipner platforms led to reduction of fuel gas consumption by more than 15 % and flaring has been reduced by 90 %. The total reduction of CO2 to atmosphere from Sleipner field is some 250 000 tons CO2 per year. Many of these improvements would also have been justifiable without the CO2-tax. This paper describes the various fuel and flare reduction activities done on the Sleipner field and outlines some of the possible further improvements currently being considered.

Valouiski, Konstantin, Afiq Azreen Zainuddin, Andrei Kalistratov, Ahmad Zawawi Abd Rajab, Siti Najmi Farhan Zulkipli, M. Mokri Misren, Arun Balachandran, Siti Nor Dahliawati Zulkefli e Adli Zaim Awal. "Optimisation of Plug and Abandonment Process Utilising Nuclear Technology for through Tubing Cement Evaluation". In SPE Symposium: Decommissioning and Abandonment. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208478-ms.

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Abstract One of the major factors in the well plug and abandonment (P&A) process is to provide a proper isolation in aging wells which requires effective placement of the cement plug in the most suitable location in the well. Identifying cement placement is usually achieved by running cement evaluation logging to define the quality of cement and top of cement depth behind and in between the casing annuli. However, this comes with significant costs due to tubulars or casings removal requirement prior to logging run in order to conduct a proper evaluation. This is necessary since acoustic and ultrasonic based cement evaluation technologies will not be able to determine cement quality behind several casing layers if the job is done through tubing. The cost involved is substantial especially in offshore operation in which the daily operating rate is significantly higher compared to an onshore operation. A new approach to cement evaluation has been tested during the well P&A campaign in one of the aging oil fields in offshore, Peninsular Malaysia. A nuclear based technology comprised of Gamma-Gamma, Neutron-Neutron and Neutron-Gamma measurements were utilized to evaluate cement integrity behind production casing and between production casing as well as intermediate casing while logging run was deployed through tubing in memory mode. Log data was compared with acoustic and ultrasonic based cement evaluation technology that was deployed after the tubing was pulled out in one of the wells. Results had shown a consistent finding with the conventional ultrasonic based cement evaluation data. Based on the logging results, cement placement design and depth was finalized and the cement plug was successfully tested as outlined in the well P&A guideline. Findings from this logging run had provided useful insight to the operator to validate the nuclear based thru tubing cement evaluation technology for wells P&A application. Huge cost saving could be captured through this application as a result of eliminating total rig days via offline cement evaluation logging and based on the results obtained planning for the exact well P&A design requirement prior to the rig arrival. This paper will outline the method, tools used to acquire the cement evaluation data and its operational advantages. Acquired data will be presented and discussed along with the methodology used to determine cement volume and top of cement depth behind and in between the casings.

Jansing, Steffen, Roman Moehle, Barbara Brockmann e Jochen Deuse. "The hybrid analysis as a disseminator in the field of motion economics studies through machine learning methods and rule-based knowledge". In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003573.

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Manufacturing companies are increasingly confronted with the challenges of market globalisation, a shortening of product life cycles and a growing diversity of variants. New and flexible approaches to optimizing production processes and their planning ability are therefore needed to secure competitiveness in a sustainable way. Manual assembly in particular is a cost factor in the manufacturing industry and takes up a high proportion of the total production time. In addition to the efficient design of assembly processes, the ergonomic assessment and optimisation of work systems to avoid health hazards is also becoming increasingly important, also in consideration of demographic change. Currently, high personnel costs for the analysis of the workplace as well as special technical requirements for the employees in industrial engineering are identified as problematic. Especially for small and medium-sized companies with limited capacities in planning and existing competence levels of the employees, this aspect represents a hurdle that should not be underestimated. The following paper discusses the hypothesis that a combined approach of machine learning and rule-based knowledge as a hybrid analysis is suitable for transferring motion data captured by motion capturing into rule-conforming analyses in a semi-automated way. For this purpose, the new process building block system MTM-Human Work Design is used, which documents the required influencing factors chronologically and makes them variably evaluable in order to create time measurements and ergonomic execution analyses.

Obong, Benjamin, Pius Adegoke, Soba Osuji-Bells, David Ogbonna, Hassan Salisu, Onyinyechi Ekerenduh e Segun Adomokhai. "An Integrated Approach To Production Optimization In Ageing Gas Lifted Fields- Ikanto Field Experience". In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211961-ms.

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Abstract In many ageing fields, there is a constant need to optimize production performance of the wells to ensure that they continue to deliver value. As a field matures, with high water and sand cut production from the wells, water breakthrough from water flooding projects and other artificial pressure maintenance programs, the produced fluid water cut and gas-oil ratio will be changing. For such fields, the optimal use of existing surface facilities is critical to sustaining and increasing well rates leading to a corresponding reduction in production costs. In the Ikanto field, Gas Lift is the preferred artificial lift method, and has been so for over twenty years. However, with increased water production from the wells, the field separating train is faced with handling produced water in the separator train. Other challenges in the gas lift system including obsolete field metering equipments, meter calibration and maintenance challenges, etc, have impacted optimization opportunities from the gas lifted wells. The resulting consequence is the inability to fully determine optimal lift gas injection rates if the lift gas injection into the well is over or under-injected in line with advised lift gas rates from well performance models. An important input for gas lift optimization is the volumetric flow rate of injection gas. This data can help experienced Production engineers and field technicians determine if the lift gas injection into the well is optimal, thus providing directional guidance on what change(s) should be made to improve the well performance. In order to ensure that the asset value is enhanced, an integrated approach to maximizing production from the field was deployed ranging from the upgrade and automation of the existing gas lift infrastructure in the field vis-à-vis carrying out gas lift system optimisation, carrying out de-bottlenecking of parts of the production system, and the installation of real time surface monitoring systems. In this paper, the results of the optimization efforts in the Ikanto field are discussed. The analysis of the results has resulted in an upscale of total daily production from the field by over thirty percent (30%).

Dyer, J. "Escort: DC optimisation for production cost estimation". In IEE Colloquium on Optimal Power Flow - Invaluable Tool or Expensive Toy? IEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19970578.

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Hidayat, Azis, Noke Fajar Prakoso, Ahmad Sujai e PT Medco. "Production and Cost Optimization in a Complex Onshore Operation Using Integrated Production Model". In SPE Symposium: Production Enhancement and Cost Optimisation. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/189223-ms.

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Hassan, M. Hafiidz, Liyana Rusman, Ashvin A. Chandrakant, M. Hanif Haslan, Nur Syazwani Moktar e Khomeini Abdussalam. "An Innovative Approach for Stimulation Treatment in Clastic Reservoir Quadruples Net Oil Production". In SPE Symposium: Production Enhancement and Cost Optimisation. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/189195-ms.

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Mahmoudkhani, Amir, Rashod Smith, Amanda Miller, Ali Yousef, Michael Feustel e Jonathan J. Wylde. "Viscoelastic Properties and Gelation Behavior of Waxy Crudes and Condensates from Eagle Ford: New Insights into Wax Formation and Mitigation for Shale Oils". In SPE Symposium: Production Enhancement and Cost Optimisation. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/189196-ms.

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Mao, Yilin, e Mehdi Zeidouni. "Near Wellbore Characterization from Temperature Transient Analysis: Accounting for Non-Darcy Flow Effect". In SPE Symposium: Production Enhancement and Cost Optimisation. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/189234-ms.

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Al-Anazi, Amer M., Obi L. Isichei, Mohammed A. Al-Yaha e Faleh M. Al-Shammeri. "Innovative Production Optimization Technique for Smart Well Completions Using Real-Time Nodal Analysis Applications". In SPE Symposium: Production Enhancement and Cost Optimisation. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/189198-ms.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Total production cost optimisation":

Valdes, Constanza, Jeffrey Gillespie e Erik N. Dohlman. Soybean production, marketing costs, and export competitiveness in Brazil and the United States. [Washington, D.C.]: Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, dicembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2023.8142532.ers.

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The production of soybeans, the fourth leading crop produced globally, is projected to reach a record level in marketing year (MY) 2023/24. Combined, soybeans and their derivatives--soybean meal and soybean oil--are the most traded agricultural commodity, accounting for nearly 9 percent of the total value of global agricultural trade. Brazil is now the world's largest soybean producer and exporter, while the United States and Brazil jointly supplied nearly 90 percent of soybean exports to the world in MY 2021/22. Soybeans stand out as a crucial crop in the expansion of Brazil's farm sector and the country's ascent as a top global supplier of agricultural products. This report focuses on the export competitiveness for soybeans in Brazil and in the United States over the MY 2017/18--2021/22 periods, by comparing farm-level production costs, producer returns, the cost of internal transportation, and the cost of shipping to a common export destination. With soybean production in Brazil expected to reach a record high in MY 2023/24, a depreciating Brazilian currency, and the country's exporting capabilities expecting a boost (from expanding transportation infrastructure), changes in the competitiveness of Brazil will have important implications for U.S. and international agricultural markets.

Baca Campodónico, Jorge F., e Gerardo Reyes-Tagle. Econometric Estimation of the Capital Stock and the Production Function: The Case of the Bahamas, Barbados, Jamaica, and Suriname. Inter-American Development Bank, febbraio 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004749.

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Most studies of total factor productivity (TFP) and long-term production functions use capital stock time series obtained from ad hoc estimates of the rate of depreciation and the initial capital stock. This paper introduces a methodology that allows the simultaneous econometric estimation of the capital stock, the production function parameters, the rate of depreciation, and the initial capital stock. The proposed methodology, using the underlying cost function to the production function, allows for the incorporation of information about the relative prices of the factors of production and the possibility of having variable depreciation rates over time. The proposed methodology is applied to the case of the Bahamas, Barbados, Jamaica, and Suriname for the period 1989-2019 using national accounts data published by the statistical services of these countries.

Cristia, Julian P., Pedro Bernal, Julieth Santamaria, Paula Algarra, Carolina Bernal, Lisseth Escalante, Andrés Gallegos et al. A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Selected Digital Projects in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004525.

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The increase in access to digital technologies is opening up opportunities for governments in Latin America and the Caribbean to offer digital public services. However, there is scarce evidence regarding the benefits and costs of potential projects which makes it difficult for governments in the region to prioritize digital projects for implementation. As part of the report titled “Digitalizing Public Services: Opportunities for Latin America and the Caribbean,” produced by the Inter-American Development Bank (Cristia and Vlaicu, 2022), a set of cost-benefit analyses of the digital public services were performed. The present document complements the mentioned report by presenting the methodology, assumptions, and results of these cost-benefit analyses. To increase the comparability of the results across digital public services evaluated, common assumptions and a standardized methodology were used. Moreover, contextual conditions were fixed across projects by estimating results for a base country, Peru. The robustness of the results were examined by replicating the analysis for Chile, El Salvador, and Jamaica. Digital public services were evaluated in three sectors: education, health and government administrative services (e.g. production of identity cards). For each sector, the benefits and costs of two digital projects were estimated. For some these digital projects, only one policy option was assessed but, in other cases, several policy options were analyzed. A total of 11 policy options were assessed as part of this exercise. Results indicate that, in general, the policy options analyzed produced positive net present values. However, there is wide variation in the net present value across policy options suggesting that governments should carefully evaluate which digital public services they should prioritize for implementation.

Larsson, Madeleine, Karin Tonderski, Genevieve Metson e Nils-Hassan Quttineh. Towards a more circular biobased economy and nutrient use on Gotland: finding suitable locations for biogas plants. Linköping University Electronic Press, luglio 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/report.diva-194234.

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In this study we have investigated the role of biogas solutions to support increased resource efficiency on the island Gotland, including recovery and redistribution of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) within the agricultural sector. First, we analyzed the potential for expanding energy and nutrient recovery from organic residues using biogas solutions. Our findings suggest that the biogas production could expand to 165 GWh, from the current 36 GWh (2020), with manure accounting for a potential 110 GWh biogas annually if all were digested. Comparing the nutrients contained in organic feedstock with the crop nutrient demand on Gotland showed that for N the demand is 2.4 times higher than the supply. In contrast, the calculations showed a 137 tonnes P surplus, with distinct excess areas in the center and southern part of the island. We then compared scenarios with different numbers (3 - 15) of biogas plants with respect to efficient nutrient redistribution and transport costs. Spatial constraints for new plants, e.g. need for roads with a certain capacity and permit issues, were accounted for by adding local information to a national data set. We identified 104 potential locations (1 km$^2$ grid cells) and used an optimization model to identify the most suitable locations for minimized transport costs. Optimal (meeting the crop demand with no excess) redistribution of all nutrients contained in the feedstock, as raw digestate from biogas plants, would result in an export of 127 tonnes of P from the island. The model results indicated that if all potential feedstock would be digested in three additional biogas plants and nutrients redistributed for optimal reuse, the total transport cost would be 2.6 million SEK annually, excluding the costs for nutrient export from the island (3.7 million SEK). If instead 10 or 15 smaller plants would be built, the transport cost would drop to 1.8 million SEK, with the same amount of P being exported. Comparing the scenarios with different number of biogas plants (3 - 15), showed that some locations are more suitable than others in terms of distance to feedstock and to fields with fertilizer demands. Finally, a preliminary analysis of the amount of crop residues indicated that this type of feedstock could add a substantial amount of biogas production, but more extensive analyses are needed to assess the feasibility to realize part of that potential.

Hynd, David, Caroline Wallbank, Jonathan Kent, Ciaran Ellis, Arun Kalaiyarasan, Robert Hunt e Matthias Seidl. Costs and Benefits of Electronic Stability Control in Selected G20 Countries. TRL, gennaio 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.58446/lsrg3377.

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This report, commissioned by Bloomberg Philanthropies, finds that 42,000 lives could be saved and 150,000 serious injuries prevented by 2030 if all new cars in seven G20 countries were required to be equipped with an inexpensive crash avoidance technology starting in 2020. Thirteen G20 counties currently adhere to United Nations regulations on electronic stability control (ESC). If the seven remaining countries—Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico and South Africa—also mandated ESC in 2020, the report estimates $21.5 billion in economic benefit to those countries from the prevention of deaths and serious injuries. Argentina and Brazil are due to start applying ESC regulations in 2020. The UK-based Transport Research Laboratory (TRL) conducted the independent study of costs and benefits of applying ESC regulation in G20 countries, which are responsible for 98% of the world’s passenger car production. This report comes before the 3rd Ministerial Conference on Road Safety in Stockholm, which is the largest gathering of governments and is a key opportunity for adoption of this UN-recommended standard. According to the World Health Organization’s Global Road Safety Report, the number of road traffic deaths reached 1.35 million in 2016. Of all vehicle safety features, electronic stability control is regarded as the most important one for crash avoidance since it is 38% effective in reducing the number of deaths in loss-of-control collisions. ESC tries to prevent skidding and loss of control in cases of over-steering and under-steering. The technology continuously monitors a vehicle’s direction of travel, steering wheel angle and the speed at which the individual wheels are rotating. If there is a mismatch between the intended direction of travel and the actual direction of travel, as indicated by the steering wheel position, ESC will selectively apply the brakes and modulate the engine power to keep the vehicle traveling along the intended path. The cost of implementing ESC on vehicles that already contain anti-lock braking systems is thought to be as little as $50 per car. And the report finds the benefits are significant: For every dollar spent by consumers in purchasing vehicles with these technologies, there is a US$2.80 return in economic benefit to society because of the deaths and serious injuries avoided. The analysis warns that without regulation of ESC, the seven remaining G20 countries will only reach 44% installation of ESC by 2030. However, if all seven countries implemented ESC regulations this year, 85% of the total car fleet in G20 countries will have ESC by 2030, a figure still below the United Nations target of 100% ESC fleet coverage by 2030.

VanderGheynst, Jean, Michael Raviv, Jim Stapleton e Dror Minz. Effect of Combined Solarization and in Solum Compost Decomposition on Soil Health. United States Department of Agriculture, ottobre 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7594388.bard.

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In soil solarization, moist soil is covered with a transparent plastic film, resulting in passive solar heating which inactivates soil-borne pathogen/weed propagules. Although solarization is an effective alternative to soil fumigation and chemical pesticide application, it is not widely used due to its long duration, which coincides with the growing season of some crops, thereby causing a loss of income. The basis of this project was that solarization of amended soil would be utilized more widely if growers could adopt the practice without losing production. In this research we examined three factors expected to contribute to greater utilization of solarization: 1) investigation of techniques that increase soil temperature, thereby reducing the time required for solarization; 2) development and validation of predictive soil heating models to enable informed decisions regarding soil and solarization management that accommodate the crop production cycle, and 3) elucidation of the contributions of microbial activity and microbial community structure to soil heating during solarization. Laboratory studies and a field trial were performed to determine heat generation in soil amended with compost during solarization. Respiration was measured in amended soil samples prior to and following solarization as a function of soil depth. Additionally, phytotoxicity was estimated through measurement of germination and early growth of lettuce seedlings in greenhouse assays, and samples were subjected to 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing to characterize microbial communities. Amendment of soil with 10% (g/g) compost containing 16.9 mg CO2/g dry weight organic carbon resulted in soil temperatures that were 2oC to 4oC higher than soil alone. Approximately 85% of total organic carbon within the amended soil was exhausted during 22 days of solarization. There was no significant difference in residual respiration with soil depth down to 17.4 cm. Although freshly amended soil proved highly inhibitory to lettuce seed germination and seedling growth, phytotoxicity was not detected in solarized amended soil after 22 days of field solarization. The sequencing data obtained from field samples revealed similar microbial species richness and evenness in both solarized amended and non-amended soil. However, amendment led to enrichment of a community different from that of non-amended soil after solarization. Moreover, community structure varied by soil depth in solarized soil. Coupled with temperature data from soil during solarization, community data highlighted how thermal gradients in soil influence community structure and indicated microorganisms that may contribute to increased soil heating during solarization. Reliable predictive tools are necessary to characterize the solarization process and to minimize the opportunity cost incurred by farmers due to growing season abbreviation, however, current models do not accurately predict temperatures for soils with internal heat generation associated with the microbial breakdown of the soil amendment. To address the need for a more robust model, a first-order source term was developed to model the internal heat source during amended soil solarization. This source term was then incorporated into an existing “soil only” model and validated against data collected from amended soil field trials. The expanded model outperformed both the existing stable-soil model and a constant source term model, predicting daily peak temperatures to within 0.1°C during the critical first week of solarization. Overall the results suggest that amendment of soil with compost prior to solarization may be of value in agricultural soil disinfestations operations, however additional work is needed to determine the effects of soil type and organic matter source on efficacy. Furthermore, models can be developed to predict soil temperature during solarization, however, additional work is needed to couple heat transfer models with pathogen and weed inactivation models to better estimate solarization duration necessary for disinfestation.

Disaster Recovery Planning: Explanatory Note and Case Study. Asian Development Bank, giugno 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/tim230163-2.

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This publication outlines why post-disaster needs assessments (PDNA) should provide comprehensive details of the economic and social impacts of disasters on countries to swiftly mobilize resources and support resilient recovery. Using a theoretical case study highlighting the aftermath of an earthquake and subsequent flooding, the publication shows how the cost to property, infrastructure, and production can be calculated and built into a PDNA. It illustrates why PDNAs should consider key sectors such as health and energy, and factor the macroeconomic and personal impacts of catastrophic events into the total estimate of post-disaster recovery and reconstruction.