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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Tilletia caries"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Tilletia caries"

Kochanová, M., M. Zouhar, E. Prokinová e P. Ryšánek. "Detection of Tilletia controversa and Tilletia caries in wheat by PCR method". Plant, Soil and Environment 50, No. 2 (21 novembre 2011): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3684-pse.

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Abstract (sommario):

Tilletia controversa and Tilletia caries were specifically detected in wheat plants by PCR using primers TILf (5´-CAC AAG ACT ACG GAG GGG TG-3´) and TILr (5´-CTC CAA GCA ACC TTC TCT TTC-3´). DNAs from uninfected wheat, rye, barley and triticale were not amplified. Natural infection of control plants by other species of fungi as Alternaria spp., Erysiphe graminis and Fusarium spp. proved the specificity of the test because even in this case no unspecific products were formed. This method can be very useful both for seed producers and for state officers checking the seed quality.

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Zouhar, M., J. Mazáková, E. Prokinová, M. Váňová e P. Ryšánek. "Quantification of Tilletia caries and Tilletia controversa mycelium in wheat apical meristem by real-time PCR". Plant Protection Science 46, No. 3 (25 agosto 2010): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/50/2009-pps.

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In the Czech Republic, three closely related species of the genus Tilletia belong to pathogens that cause significant losses of wheat crops by replacing grains with a mass of teliospores. A quantitative real-time qPCR assay using SYBR Green I has been developed to quantify the amount of T. caries and T. controversa mycelium in apical meristems of different wheat varieties. The real-time PCR reaction was validated by evaluating selected extraction methods, examining the specificity of designed target-specific IGS primers and verifying the optimised amplification reaction on naturally infected wheat plants. The PCR detection limit for the specific identification of fungal DNA was 0.22 ng of mycelium, and the negative correlation between the target DNA quantity and cycle threshold (Ct) was high with a coefficient of determination of R<sup>2</sup> = 0.992. The developed method was used to quantify pathogens mycelium in five wheat varieties in the range from 0.34 ng to 15 µg per one growing tip.

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Shevchuk, O., T. Kyslykh, L. Holosna e O. Afanasieva. "Tilletia species on winter wheat grain". Karantin i zahist roslin, n. 10-12 (14 dicembre 2020): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.36495/2312-0614.2020.10-12.3-7.

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Goal. To determine the species composition of the complex of pathogens of bunt diseases of the genus Tilletia on winter wheat grain. Methods. The research was conducted during 2017—2020. 315 samples of winter wheat grain from different soil and climatic zones were analyzed. Seed contamination was determined by washing the grains and centrifuging the spore suspension, followed by counting their number in the Goryaev chamber. Identification of the pathogen was performed in the laboratory by microscopic examination, taking into account the morphological features of teliospores. Results. In 2017 and 2018, the presence of spores of fungi of the genus Tilletia was detected in 23.5 and 28.6% of the analyzed wheat grain samples, respectively. The number of spores per grain varied between 11—388.9 and 2.8—214.8 and averaged 72.5 and 33.7 correspondingly. The largest number of infected samples was observed in 2019 — 47.4%. In the same period, the highest level of seed contamination was observed — up to 1089 spores per grain, in average — 124.6 spores per grain. The lowest level of grain contamination was detected in 2020 — 6.3% of samples with an average of 3.7 spores per grain. Mostly spores of bunt pathogens were found in grain samples from Ternopil, Kyiv, Chernihiv, Lviv, Vinnytsia regions. The following species have been identified: Tilletia caries, T. controversa, T. laevis. Pathogen T. caries was detected annually. It dominated in 2020 and ranked second in detection rate in 2017—2019. T. controversa was found on grain in 2017—2019 and prevailed among other species. Its part in the complex of pathogens varied from 77.1 to 87.5%. In 2018, T. laevis was also detected. Conclusions. In most samples, spores of fungi of the genus Tilletia were not detected. On average, according to the years of research, grain contamination by bunt fungi were detected in 6.3—47.4% of samples with an average spore load of 3.7—124.6 of grain. The highest number of infected samples and the level of contamination were observed in 2019, the lowest — in 2020. The complex of pathogens is represented by three species: T. caries, T. laevis, T. controversa. T. controversa dominated in 2017—2019 and T. caries — in 2020. T. laevis occurred sporadically.

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Pieczul, Katarzyna, Agnieszka Perek e Krzysztof Kubiak. "Detection of Tilletia caries, Tilletia laevis and Tilletia controversa wheat grain contamination using loop-mediated isothermal DNA amplification (LAMP)". Journal of Microbiological Methods 154 (novembre 2018): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2018.10.018.

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Gardner, John S., e W. M. Hess. "Microscopy studies of Tilletia teliospore sheaths". Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, n. 3 (12 agosto 1990): 706–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100161084.

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Abstract (sommario):

Teliospores of bunts of wheat and rice have a complex multilayered wall. The outer wall layer or sheath may be absent from some Tilletia controversa teliospores and may be difficult to characterize unless it is hydrated. It may also contain surface rodlets. The sheath has been characterized with freeze fracture and thin sectioning studies. By altering the sample processing procedures and by using thin sectioning the sheath can be used to distinguish T. caries teliospores from T. controversa teliospores which is important for wheat marketing. Earlier attempts were made to distinguish the two species using SEM at low kV settings without the use of special procedures to hydrate the sheath. When many samples of each species were studied, variations in wall structure within species were evident, but at 1-15 kV the electrons penetrated the porous outer sheath and imaged the impermeable exospore layer. The purpose of these investigations was to use SEM to study hydrated sheaths of samples of T. caries and T. controversa teliospores at different kV settings.

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O'donnell, Kerry. "A reevaluation of the mitotic spindle pole body cycle in Tilletia caries based on freeze-substitution techniques". Canadian Journal of Botany 72, n. 10 (1 ottobre 1994): 1412–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-174.

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Mitosis in the wheat pathogen Tilletia caries (Basidiomycota, Tilletiales) was investigated by electron microscopy of serially sectioned, fast-frozen, freeze-substituted mitotic cells called ballistospores. A duplicated spindle pole body consisting of two identical, three-layered globular elements connected by a middle piece was attached to the extranuclear face of each nucleus at interphase. During mitosis, astral and spindle microtubules radiated from the globular elements that form the poles of an intranuclear spindle. At metaphase, chromosomes were interspersed with the nonkinetochore microtubules, and they were spread along the central two-thirds of the spindle. Each chromatid was attached to a spindle pole by a single, continuous, kinetochore microtubule. Postmitotic replication of the spindle pole body occurred during late telophase to interphase. Results from this study are presented in the form of a model of the mitotic spindle pole body cycle in Tilletia, and this model is compared with the one previously reported for Tilletia and other basidiomycetes. Key words: electron microscopy, freeze substitution, mitosis, spindle pole body, Tilletia.

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Madenova, A. K., K. Galymbek, A. M. Kokhmetova, M. N. Atishova, S. B. Bakirov e Zh S. Keishilov. "SEARCHING FOR RESISTANCE SOURCES TO WHEAT COMMON BUNT (Tilletia caries (DC.)". BULLETIN 389, n. 1 (10 febbraio 2021): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-1467.7.

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Abstract (sommario):

Common bunt (Tilletia caries (DC.) the disease occurs in areas where autumn wheat is grown. In our country, most of the zoned wheat varieties are infected with this disease. Therefore, foreign germoplasm should look for sources of strength. In our research in the field of artificial epizootic environment, the Hungarian 21 varieties of soft wheat Tilletia caries (DC.) of the pathogen was made the phytopathological and genetic-selection analysis. The study revealed that 15 wheat varieties are resistant to diseases, of which 8 wheat varieties were highly resistant to diseases (IT-0). They are; Ati, Békés, Berény, Csillag, Futár, Pilis, Szala and Rege. We say 7 varieties that are resistant to common bunt (IT-1), they are Kalász, Mentor, Göncöl, Fény, Garaboly, Szemes and Vitorlás. The indicator of the biomass index (NDVI) was determined at the stages of vegetative development of plants in ears, flowering phase and milky stage. The average value of the biomass index is higher than 0.70, with a high score of 9 varieties that have Ati, Mentor, Hajnal, Göncöl, Tisza, Csillag, Futár, Garaboly and Szala. As a result of the analysis of structural characteristics, the varieties Körös, Mentor, Tisza, Szala, Szemes and Rege showed a high index for all characteristics. As a result, disease-resistant and high-performance varieties can be presented as common bunt resistant specimens in immune selection.

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Rowe, Kimberly A., John S. Gardner e W. M. Hess. "Correlative SEM, freeze-fracture, and laser scanning microscopy of Tilletia controversa teliospore sheath morphology". Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, n. 1 (agosto 1992): 850–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100124653.

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Abstract (sommario):

The bunts of wheat are infected by Tilletia which have teliospores with complex multilayered walls. The outer layer or sheath of Tilletia controversa teliospores is difficult to characterize unless it is hydrated. The morphology of the sheath has been characterized with freeze-fracture, thin sectioninging and SEM studies. By using specialized, time-consuming thin-sectioning specimen preparation procedures the sheath can be a factor in distinguishing T. caries and T. controversa teliospores. Distinguishing the species is important for marketing wheat. The purpose of these investigations was to develop better methods to characterize the sheath which will help to distinguish teliospores of these two species and races of Tilletia much more easily and quickly.

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Babayants, L. T., O. V. Babayants, V. L. Baranovskaya e L. A. Dubinina. "Tilletia caries and resistance of wheat to this pathogen in Ukraine ." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 42, Special Issue (1 agosto 2012): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6228-cjgpb.

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Willingale, Julia, e P. G. Mantle. "Establishment and culture of dikaryotic hyphae of Tilletia caries". Transactions of the British Mycological Society 84, n. 4 (gennaio 1985): 595–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-1536(85)80113-3.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Tilletia caries"

Faux, Lois. "The colonisation of cereal ovaries by Claviceps purpurea, Claviceps fusiformis, Tilletia caries and Tolyposporium pencillariae". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/38309.

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He, Chunlin. "Inheritance of resistance to common bunt, Tilletia caries and T. foetida, and identification of RAPD markers linked to bunt resistance in wheat". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0018/NQ44667.pdf.

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Russell, Brian W. "Electrophoretic karyotypes and molecular genetic analysis of Tilletia caries and T. controversa". Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/37331.

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Abstract (sommario):

Electrophoretic karyotypes were obtained from intact cells of four wild type strains of Tilletia caries and T. controversa, and 5 inter specific hybrid progeny using clamped homogeneous electric field, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (CHEF PFGE). Each karyotype was polymorphic and unique relative to the other strains. However, the relative size range of all the chromosomes was consistent and typically ranged from approximately 850 to 4,490 kilobasepairs (Kb) for all strains, accept for two atypically small chromosomes in one strain of T. caries. The minimum estimated number of chromosomes was 19 or 20 for strains of T. controversa, 14 to 20 for T. caries, and from 19 to 22 for the hybrid progeny. The minimum estimated total genome size ranged from 28 to 39 megabasepairs (mb) for T. caries, 34 to 40 mb for T. controversa, and 36 to 42 mb for the hybrid progeny. Southern hybridization analysis performed with cloned, single copy homologous DNA fragments identified a single similar-sized chromosome in all strains. The maximum percent variability of the linkage groups defined by the single copy probes was 10% or less. The rDNA from Neurospora crassa hybridized with 2 or 3 chromosomes in the wild type stains of T. caries and T. controversa, and with 1 to 3 chromosomes in the hybrid progeny. The maximum percent variability among chromosomes that hybridized with the rDNA probe ranged from 35 to 40%. Either 1 or 2 chromosomes were identified by the single copy actin gene from Aspergillus nidulans, and the maximum percent variability ranged from 4 to 14% for these chromosomes. It was not possible to differentiate between the karyotypes of strains of either T. caries or T. controversa using the physical appearance of the karyotypes, the number and sizes of chromosomes, the genome sizes, or by Southern hybridization analysis. Analysis of the karyotypes of the hybrid progeny revealed that all were unique relative to each other and the parental stains, providing circumstantial evidence for the presence of recombinant chromosomes. That the genome size and chromosomes numbers of the hybrid progeny were similar to their monokaryotic parental strains strongly argues that the reduction division stage of meiosis had occurred. Seven teliospore samples from Oregon and Turkey were examined for their germination and autofluorescence properties. The teliospore samples were analyzed to determine if low temperature germination (0-4° C) and autofluorescing spore-wall reticulations associated with spores of T. controversa were usually linked. Two of the seven teliospore samples showed these characteristics to be unlinked. In an attempt to clone the mating type genes of T. caries and T. controversa, total genomic DNA was probed with a fragment of the b west mating type gene from Ustilago hordei. Although single 1.4 kb BamHI fragment from both pathogens was cloned by homology and sequenced, its role in mating type function remains uncertain.
Graduation date: 1993

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Libri sul tema "Tilletia caries"

Russell, Brian W. Electrophoretic karyotypes and molecular genetic analysis of Tilletia caries and T. controversa. 1993.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Tilletia caries"

Azad, Md Abul Kalam, e Roger E. Khayat. "Flow of Wall Jet Near Channel Exit at Moderate Reynolds Number". In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30744.

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The wall jet flow near channel exit at moderate Reynolds Number, emerging from a two-dimensional channel, is examined theoretically in this study. Poiseuille flow conditions are assumed to prevail far upstream from the exit. The problem is solved using the method of matched asymptotic expansions. The small parameter involved in the expansions is the inverse Reynolds number. The flow and stress fields are obtained as composite expansions by matching the flow in the boundary-layer region near the free surface, flow in the outer layer region and the flow in the core region. The fluid is assumed to be Newtonian and it is found that the jet contracts downstream from the channel exit. The influence of inertia on the shape of free surface, the velocity and stress is emphasized and the higher order boundary layer is explored. To leading order, the problem is similar to the case of the free jet (Tillett) [1] with different boundary conditions. A similarity solution can be carried out using a similarity variable problem which is then solved as an initial-value problem, where the equation is integrated subject to the boundary conditions and a guessed value of the slope at the origin. The slope is adjusted until reasonable matching is achieved between the solution and the asymptotic form at large θ. The level of contraction is essentially independent of inertia, but the contraction moves further downstream with increasing Reynolds number. The present work provides the correct conditions near exit, which are required to determine the jet structure further downstream. If the jet becomes thin far downstream, a boundary layer formulation can be used with the presently predicted boundary conditions for steady and possibly transient flows.

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