Tesi sul tema "Theory of aggravating circumstances"
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Chabaud, Laurent. "L'arme numérique : essai sur la dématérialisation des infractions pénales". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UMOND043.
Testo completoThe development of the Internet, and of digital technology in general, has facilitated the commission of a large number of offences, and has made its entry into most branches of criminal law. However, there is still one branch of criminal law where digital technology has not made its entry: offences against the physical integrity of the person. Doesn't this logical rejection raise questions? The development of objects connected to the Internet means that such attacks are becoming a reality. The possibility of such attacks must therefore be incorporated into the Penal Code. The first part of this paper proposes to explore this possibility by bringing together the notions of weapon and digital to create the notion of digital weapon. Although these notions may seem antinomic, they are in fact relatively close. Their integration into the penal code shows that they obey the same mechanism: sanctioning the use of a particular tool - a weapon or a digital device - to commit an offence. We therefore propose a paradigm shift in the analysis of the weapon to bring these notions closer together. This re-theorization of the weapon around its function, which we call the mode of perpetration, enables us to take better account of the dematerialization of offences. The second part sets out to extend the regime of the "mode of perpetration" weapon to include the digital weapon, thereby strengthening the economic efficiency of the law in the fight against cybercrime. In particular, this allows us to take a global approach to cybercrime, favoring proactive rather than merely reactive analysis
Butler, Brooke M. "The role of death qualification in venirepersons' evaluations of aggravating and mitigating circumstances in capital trials". FIU Digital Commons, 2000. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2001.
Testo completoMilinis, Albertas. "Criminal Liability for Murder without Circumstances Aggravating and Mitigating (Part 1 Art. 129 of the Criminal Code)". Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090507_135323-23627.
Testo completoDisertacijos tyrimo dalykas – nužudymo be jo pavojingumą didinančių ir mažinančių aplinkybių, numatyto Lietuvos Respublikos baudžiamojo kodekso (toliau tekste – LR BK) 129 str. 1 d., sudėties analizė bei teorinių ir praktinių problemų, kylančių kvalifikuojant šias nusikalstamas veikas, tyrimas. Disertacijos tyrimo tikslas – atskleisti nužudymo be jo pavojingumą didinančių ar mažinančių aplinkybių, už kurį kyla baudžiamoji atsakomybė pagal LR BK 129 straipsnio 1 dalį, sampratą, išanalizuoti šios nusikalstamos veikos požymius, iškelti nagrinėjamos nusikalstamos veikos teorines ir praktines kvalifikavimo problemas bei pateikti pasiūlymus šių problemų sprendimui.
Earl, Judith Kavanaugh. "Assessing the issue of arbitrariness in capital sentencing in North Carolina are the effects of legally relevant variables racially invariant? /". [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001370.
Testo completoEvans, Katharine D. "The impact of victim-offender familial relationships on capital sentencing outcomes". [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001234.
Testo completoHarcourt-Heath, Michèle Jean. "Primary schools facing challenging circumstances : effective leadership and the potential contribution of complexity theory". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2013. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/47957/.
Testo completoChapman, Christopher James. "A study of external intervention and school improvement in schools facing challenging circumstances". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2004. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3673/.
Testo completoCoady, Kyle N. P. "Prosecutor Selected Youth Diversion: Identifying the Circumstances and Conceptualizing the Cases". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23217.
Testo completoAlyasin, Abulqader. "Teachers' perspectives on ELT : a research journey from challenging to conflict circumstances in Syria". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/78502/.
Testo completoФедорчук, І. М., e I. M. Fedorchuk. "Обставини, які обтяжують покарання за кримінальним правом України: дисертація". Thesis, ЛьвДУВС, 2010. http://dspace.lvduvs.edu.ua/handle/1234567890/803.
Testo completoДисертація присвячена комплексному дослідженню проблем обставин, які обтяжують покарання. Визначено юридичну природу, значення, роль, поняття обставин, які обтяжують покарання; встановлено доцільність вичерпного переліку обставин, які обтяжують покарання; класифіковано обставини, які обтяжують покарання; виокремлено ознаки, які притаманні обставинам, які обтяжують покарання; визначені відмінності обставин, які обтяжують покарання, від кваліфікуючих ознак складу злочину. Сформульовані пропозиції щодо доповнення чинних норм КК України. The dissertation deals with the complex research of aggravating circumstances of punishment. The legal nature, importance, role of the concept «aggravating circumstances of punishment» are determined; the reasonability of exhaustive list of aggravating circumstances of punishment is established; the classification and features of aggravating circumstances are defined; the difference between aggravating circumstances of punishment and qualified elements essential to the offence is pointed out. The suggestions as to improvement of existing norms of the Criminal Code of Ukraine are made
Lee-Piggott, Rinnelle. "New principals' leadership and school culture : a study of three primary schools facing challenging circumstances in Trinidad and Tobago". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32076/.
Testo completoThomson, Dana. "Changing Circumstances, Changing Outcomes?: Longitudinal Relations Between Family Income, Cumulative Risk Exposure, And Children’s Educational Success". Thesis, Boston College, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107592.
Testo completoEmerging research in developmental psychology and neuroscience suggests that childhood poverty is associated with high levels of exposure to multiple contextual risks, which cumulatively lead to persistent elevated stress levels that have a direct, as well an indirect (e.g., through parental processes), impact on child cognitive, academic, and socioemotional functioning (Evans & Kim, 2013). Such research has begun to change the way that scholars and practitioners envision the context of poverty, the persistence of the income-achievement gap, and the types of interventions that may be most effective in addressing disparities in children’s long-term educational success. However, research on the relations between poverty-associated stress and child outcomes is still in its infancy and many questions remain. In particular, it is unclear whether changing family economic circumstances matter, a question of concern for developmental science and public policy. Moreover, there is little work on moderators of relations between income, stress, and child outcomes, which could help identify factors that buffer children from the harm of stressful home environments. With longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics’ Child Development Supplement, the present study used fixed effects models to examine within-child associations between changes in family income, cumulative risk exposure (as measured by an index that includes a range of poverty-related stressors, such as economic strain, neighborhood crime, and physical and psychological home environments), and children’s cognitive, academic and socioemotional functioning. In addition, moderators of these associations were investigated in order to identify potential protective mechanisms and crucial levers for interventions and policy development. On the whole, findings were consistent with the cumulative stress model. On average, the estimated direct effects of changes in family income (i.e., prior to examining mediation or moderators) were not significant for changes in child outcomes. Yet, changes in income were, for the sample as a whole, indirectly related via changes in cumulative risk exposure: increases in income predicted decreases in cumulative risk exposure which, in turn, predicted improvements in achievement and declines in externalizing behavior. Additionally, these relations were moderated by child age, initial level of family income, and initial level of cumulative risk
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2017
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Counseling, Developmental and Educational Psychology
Chiquezi, Adler. "Reincidência criminal e sua atuação como circunstância agravante". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/8617.
Testo completoThis work analyses criminal recidivism and its role in aggravating penalty, in order to study the way Brazilian Legislation deals with it according to the evolution of the Penal Law. With this purpose the recidivism has been collated rationally from a general to private matter. It looks into the recidivism, its classification and related subjects, and evaluate its evolution in the Brazilian Penal Law it also analyses theories that justifies its application, furthermore it lists its penal and procedural effects coming from the recognition of recidivism. The main goal of this paper is to question the recidivism in the current Brazilian Law (Mainly through the Brazilian Federal Constitution/ 1988) due to the failure of the prison penalty to reintegrate the criminal in the society. After verifying how other countries use the recidivism, we suggest changes for it in Brazil according to compared law and the evolution in penal law, making sure the penal law will truly be applied .The crisis of the prison system is highlighted, giving emphasis to the overpopulation of our prisons, no existence of reintegration programs and lack of support to the ex convicts, all these factors leads to high rates of recidivism
Este trabalho analisa a reincidência criminal e seu emprego como circunstância agravante da pena, visando apurar se a atual legislação pátria a trata de forma adequada conforme a evolução do Direito Penal. Para a realização desta dissertação, a reincidência é cotejada por meio de um procedimento racional que transita do geral para o particular. Verifica a origem da recidiva, suas classificações e os institutos afins; examina a evolução da reincidência no direito penal brasileiro e as teorias que justificam sua aplicação, bem como arrola os demais efeitos penais e processuais decorrentes do reconhecimento da reincidência. O objetivo central deste trabalho é questionar a atual disciplina da reincidência na legislação brasileira, principalmente com base na Constituição Federal de 1988 e em razão do fracasso ressocializador da pena privativa de liberdade. Após verificar a utilização da reincidência em outros países, são sugeridas alterações desse instituto, no Brasil, consoante o direito comparado e a evolução do direito penal de garantias, para que seja aplicado o direito penal do fato. É destacada, ainda, a crise do sistema carcerário, com ênfase à superpopulação prisional, à ausência da função ressocializadora da pena de prisão e ao diminuto apoio aos egressos, fatores que contribuem para os elevados índices de reincidência criminal
Лемеха, Р. І., e R. I. Lemekha. "Тяжкі наслідки як наскрізне кримінально-правове поняття: дисертація". Thesis, ЛьвДУВС, 2013. http://dspace.lvduvs.edu.ua/handle/1234567890/759.
Testo completoДисертація є комплексним дослідженням тяжких наслідків як наскрізного кримінально-правового поняття. Проаналізовано зміст та обсяг поняття тяжкого наслідку в усіх статтях КК України, у яких це термінопоняття використовується. Доведено відсутність будь-яких закономірностей, яким відповідали б усі статті КК України, у яких передбачена відповідальність за злочини, ознакою складів яких є тяжкі наслідки. Такі закономірності простежуються, як правило, лише для окремих груп статей. Запропоновано відмовитись від використання у КК України термінопонять «тяжкі наслідки», «інші тяжкі наслідки» та «особливо тяжкі наслідки» для позначення шкоди, яка заподіюється здоров’ю потерпілого. Пропонується, що у кожному конкретному складі злочину шкода здоров’ю як його ознака має бути конкретизована. Сформульовано конкретні пропозиції щодо внесення змін і доповнень у статті КК України, в яких законодавець застосовує вказівку на спричинення тяжких наслідків. Thesis is the comprehensive research of grave consequences as through criminal-legal concept. The content and scope of the concept of grave consequences in all the articles of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, where this term is used, were analyzed. The lack of any rule that would consolidate all the articles of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, where grave consequences are the sign of corpus delicti, is proved. Such rules can be traced only for separate groups of articles. There fusaltouse in the Criminal Code of Ukraine such concepts as «grave consequences», «other grave consequences» and «extra grave consequences» that refer to the harm, which is caused to a victim, is offered. It is also offered that in every specific corpus delicti the harm to health as its sign should be concretized. Specific offers for amending the articles of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, where the legislator uses the concept of grave consequences, are stated.
Caressa, Myriam. "Fourniture de main-d’œuvre, prêt de main-d’œuvre et droit pénal". Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020001.
Testo completoBuilt around the employment contract, labour law is based on a bilateral relationship between an employer and an employee. The leasing and subcontracting of labour force disrupt this balance because the employee's labour force benefits a third party to the employment contract. The original mistrust resulted in two criminally sanctioned prohibitions: illegal subcontracting and illegal labour leasing. The evolution of the economic market has forced the legislator to go beyond repression alone and to consider the legalization and supervision of more and more types of manpower leasing. These numerous legislative interventions, in the absence of the revalorization of the incriminations, question the effectiveness of the criminal prohibition. Is criminal law still suited to fight against the excesses of labour leasing and subcontracting? Although the current repressive framework and its implementation are open to criticism, decriminalization alone is not the only solution
Cantali, Rodrigo Ustárroz. "Da forma ao contexto : a importância dos elementos contextuais na evolução histórica da categoria do contrato". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/185070.
Testo completoThis dissertation has as its central theme the analysis of to what extent the context of the contractual relations influences the delimitation of contractual obligations. It is argued that contracts always function in specific social contexts, which influence the meaning of contractual relations. This study seeks to analyze how the law can acknowledge and value the social and economic environment of certain behaviors adopted by the parties along the obligatory relationship. It is, therefore, a study that addresses the question of whether the context can be considered as a source of normative effects for the contractual relationship, especially in civil-commercial relationships. The problem of context as a possible source of normative effects is presented from two perspectives: the first one, broader, concerning the development of the theory of sources of obligations and the function exerted by the context of the relations in the development of what is now called General Theory of Contracts; the second one, more restricted, regarding the delimitation of the obligations in a contract from the contextual elements of the relationship. This study aims, in the end, to demonstrate that the context of the contractual relationship is an influential element both in determining when contractual obligations arise and in delimiting the contractual obligations.
Бережнюк, Владислав Михайлович. "Поняття та загальні критерії індивідуалізації покарання при призначенні покарання за кримінальним правом України". Diss., Національний університет "Львівська політехніка", 2021. https://ena.lpnu.ua/handle/ntb/56742.
Testo completoNeil, Marjorie H. "Mapping the ethical journey of experienced nurses now practising in rural and remote hospitals in central and south-west Queensland and in domiciliary services in Brisbane : a grounded theory approach". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/41844/1/Marjorie_Neil_Thesis-.pdf.
Testo completoBaron, Elisa. "La coaction en droit pénal". Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40049/document.
Testo completoIn criminal law, the co-perpetrator is classically presented as an individual who, acting jointly with another, gathers all the constitutive elements of the offence. However, one may harbor doubts concerning the relevance of this assertion since both case law and legal scholars denature its meaning.Actually, far from being limited to a mere juxtaposition of perpetrations, co-perpetration must be understood as a full mode of participation in the offence. Indeed, it appears as a form of imputation halfway between perpetration and complicity, from which it borrows some characteristics. In other words, it proves to be a mode of participation in one’s own offence. Above all, its particularism is provided by the interdependence between the co-perpetrators : because each of them joins forces with his alter ego, all are placed on an equal footing. These elements, which are found both in it’s concept and in it’s regime, demonstrate thereby the specificity of co-perpetration while strengthening the coherence of the different modes of criminal participation
Baron, Elisa. "La coaction en droit pénal". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40049.
Testo completoIn criminal law, the co-perpetrator is classically presented as an individual who, acting jointly with another, gathers all the constitutive elements of the offence. However, one may harbor doubts concerning the relevance of this assertion since both case law and legal scholars denature its meaning.Actually, far from being limited to a mere juxtaposition of perpetrations, co-perpetration must be understood as a full mode of participation in the offence. Indeed, it appears as a form of imputation halfway between perpetration and complicity, from which it borrows some characteristics. In other words, it proves to be a mode of participation in one’s own offence. Above all, its particularism is provided by the interdependence between the co-perpetrators : because each of them joins forces with his alter ego, all are placed on an equal footing. These elements, which are found both in it’s concept and in it’s regime, demonstrate thereby the specificity of co-perpetration while strengthening the coherence of the different modes of criminal participation
Milne, Lisa Coraline. "The Complexity of labour market inequalities: Gendered subjectivity, material circumstances and young women’s aspirations". Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/25865.
Testo completoGendered labour market inequalities are a key area of feminist enquiry. Current approaches to theorising labour market inequalities usually conceive agentic social action and existing social structures as opposing forces, rather than as highly complex interwoven levels of social reality, which together constitute and reconstitute labour market inequalities over time. Further, these analyses tend to privilege either the social construction of gender or the different material circumstances of women’s lives in their accounts, inadequately addressing interfaces between ‘gender’ and the ‘material’. This study attempts to integrate these facets and levels of social reality more closely, offering an alternative account of how gendered labour market inequalities may be shored up or destablised over time. It builds on innovative work outside the field of labour market studies to do so. While the key existing accounts of labour market inequalities offer quite diverse explanations for these inequalities, gendered marital power relations and child-raising responsibilities, along with gendered patterns of participation in, and outcomes from, education and paid work are prominent features of them all. To acknowledge this prior research and some of its insights, analysis of the ‘transitions’ young women are currently making in these domains is a central feature of this study. In doing so, I acknowledge the wealth of research and debate on the late modern fracturing of youth to ‘adult’ transitions, and the future social changes these imply. I further suggest that disruptions and continuities in the forms of education, work, parenting and relationships that young Australian women aspire to, along with shifts in the timing and form of these transitions, have important potential implications for the maintenance or destabilisation of existing broader labour market inequalities over time. The alternative account offered here is developed by drawing on data gathered through a mixed methods study design, incorporating qualitative interviews and survey responses from groups of high SES and low SES young Australian women. Young women’s accounts of their aspirations for parenting, partnering, education and work, are treated using discursive analysis of the interview texts and comparison of these findings with descriptive statistics generated from the survey results. Theoretically, this analysis is guided by feminist poststructuralist notions of discourse, subject positioning and subjectivity. However, these poststructuralist concepts are reconciled with a notion of socio-cultural capital as a resource, developed to allow a ‘materialist’ edge in the empirical analyses. Additionally, insights from complexity thought provide a means for this study to conceive of the relationships between macro social structures and micro social processes as co-producing the labour market inequalities that the study addresses. The thesis of this study is that the social construction of gender, the material circumstances of women’s lives, and their agentic negotiations with these, are critical and interactive features of an adequate account of the processes through which labour market inequalities are shored up or destabilised over time. I suggest that the synthesised theoretical framework developed and presented here may be highly effective for this task. The contribution of the study is therefore fourfold. Firstly, it provides a snapshot of the transitions young Australian women with different material circumstances are making into relationships and parenting, education and work. Secondly, it offers novel insights into the processes through which labour market inequalities may be maintained or not. Thirdly, it offers an integrated account of the interplay between discursive/cultural and material/economic social forces in producing these inequalities. Finally, it augments existing scholarship by introducing an innovative theoretical synthesis to the study of labour market inequalities.
Milne, Lisa Coraline. "The Complexity of labour market inequalities: Gendered subjectivity, material circumstances and young women’s aspirations". 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/25865.
Testo completoGendered labour market inequalities are a key area of feminist enquiry. Current approaches to theorising labour market inequalities usually conceive agentic social action and existing social structures as opposing forces, rather than as highly complex interwoven levels of social reality, which together constitute and reconstitute labour market inequalities over time. Further, these analyses tend to privilege either the social construction of gender or the different material circumstances of women’s lives in their accounts, inadequately addressing interfaces between ‘gender’ and the ‘material’. This study attempts to integrate these facets and levels of social reality more closely, offering an alternative account of how gendered labour market inequalities may be shored up or destablised over time. It builds on innovative work outside the field of labour market studies to do so. While the key existing accounts of labour market inequalities offer quite diverse explanations for these inequalities, gendered marital power relations and child-raising responsibilities, along with gendered patterns of participation in, and outcomes from, education and paid work are prominent features of them all. To acknowledge this prior research and some of its insights, analysis of the ‘transitions’ young women are currently making in these domains is a central feature of this study. In doing so, I acknowledge the wealth of research and debate on the late modern fracturing of youth to ‘adult’ transitions, and the future social changes these imply. I further suggest that disruptions and continuities in the forms of education, work, parenting and relationships that young Australian women aspire to, along with shifts in the timing and form of these transitions, have important potential implications for the maintenance or destabilisation of existing broader labour market inequalities over time. The alternative account offered here is developed by drawing on data gathered through a mixed methods study design, incorporating qualitative interviews and survey responses from groups of high SES and low SES young Australian women. Young women’s accounts of their aspirations for parenting, partnering, education and work, are treated using discursive analysis of the interview texts and comparison of these findings with descriptive statistics generated from the survey results. Theoretically, this analysis is guided by feminist poststructuralist notions of discourse, subject positioning and subjectivity. However, these poststructuralist concepts are reconciled with a notion of socio-cultural capital as a resource, developed to allow a ‘materialist’ edge in the empirical analyses. Additionally, insights from complexity thought provide a means for this study to conceive of the relationships between macro social structures and micro social processes as co-producing the labour market inequalities that the study addresses. The thesis of this study is that the social construction of gender, the material circumstances of women’s lives, and their agentic negotiations with these, are critical and interactive features of an adequate account of the processes through which labour market inequalities are shored up or destabilised over time. I suggest that the synthesised theoretical framework developed and presented here may be highly effective for this task. The contribution of the study is therefore fourfold. Firstly, it provides a snapshot of the transitions young Australian women with different material circumstances are making into relationships and parenting, education and work. Secondly, it offers novel insights into the processes through which labour market inequalities may be maintained or not. Thirdly, it offers an integrated account of the interplay between discursive/cultural and material/economic social forces in producing these inequalities. Finally, it augments existing scholarship by introducing an innovative theoretical synthesis to the study of labour market inequalities.