Tesi sul tema "Théorie des cordes hétérotique"
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Proto, Yann. "Geometry of heterotic flux compactifications". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS125.
Testo completoThis thesis delves into recent developments in the study of flux compactifications of the heterotic string theory. We primarily focus on four-dimensional Minkowski compactifications with spacetime supersymmetry, whose underlying six-dimensional geometries are, in the presence of torsion, non-Kähler SU(3) structure manifolds. We develop several methods to analyze these compactifications from both supergravity and worldsheet perspectives. We investigate geometric flows in non-Kähler geometry that play a central role in the study of the Hull-Strominger equations, and elucidate their supersymmetry properties. We present a class of orbifold backgrounds that can be described using torsional linear sigma models with (0,2) worldsheet supersymmetry, and obtain new examples of heterotic flux backgrounds. Finally, we explore the implications of Narain T-duality for the moduli space of torsional heterotic vacua, and find evidence for topology change and Kähler/non-Kähler dualities
Chabrol, Lilian. "F-theory in Eight Dimensions : an Exceptional Field Theory and Heterotic String Perspective Geometry of ℝ+ × E3(3) exceptional field theory and F-theory F-theory and heterotic duality, Weierstrass models from Wilson lines". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASP018.
Testo completoOne of the most promising theories to unify quantum mechanics and general relativity is currently string theory. The search for a supersymmetric formulation of strings led to five consistent ten dimensional superstring theories which were later unified under the scope of M-theory. The fundamental aspect of this unification is the discovery of a web of dualities between the five superstring theories and eleven dimensional supergravity.This thesis addresses dualities in the context of F-theory in eight dimensions. F-theory is twelve dimensional and provides a non-perturbative formulation of type IIB supergravity with 7-branes. On the other hand exceptional field theory provides a U-dual formulation of type IIB supergravity and we therefore focus on the possible links between these two formulations. F-theory is also conjectured to be dual to the heterotic string in 8 dimensions. The gauge group appears radically differently in these two formulations. In F-theory it is interpreted as a particular algebraic structure of an elliptically fibered K3 surface, while on the heterotic string it is principally determined the Wilson lines. Although studied in the context of type IIB string theory, the explicit map between the moduli in F-theory and its heterotic dual are still quite unknown.In the first part of this thesis we present basic notions of string theory, compactifications, branes and dualities. In the second one, we show that R+ X E₃(₃) exceptional field theory in eight dimensions can incorporate aspects of F-theory in a specific setting, and in particular describes the monodromies of (p; q) 7-branes. Finally, in the third part we study the duality between F-theory compactified on an elliptic K3 surface and the heterotic string on a two-torus. We present how to construct elliptically fibered K3 surfaces via reflexive polytopes which can be understood in terms of Wilson lines in the dual heterotic string theory
Bourliot, François. "Evolution temporelle en théorie des cordes". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00006168.
Testo completoCondeescu, Cezar. "Effets Non-perturbatifs en Théorie des Cordes". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00565762.
Testo completoFlorakis, Ioannis. "Théorie des Cordes et Applications Phénoménologiques et Cosmologiques". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00607408.
Testo completoFlorakis, Ioannis. "Théorie de cordes et applications phénoménologiques et cosmologiques". Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066143.
Testo completoBossard, Arnaud. "T-Dualité en théorie des cordes et applications". Tours, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOUR4009.
Testo completoRibault, Sylvain Gae͏̈tan. "Cordes et D-branes dans les espaces-temps courbes". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPXX0009.
Testo completoCassani, Davide. "Théorie des cordes, compactifications avec flux et géométrie généralisée". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00409105.
Testo completoNous commençons en introduisant les outils mathématiques nécessaires: nous nous concentrons sur les structures SU(3)xSU(3) sur le fibré tangent généralisé T+T*, en analysant leurs déformations. Ensuite nous étudions la théorie de supergravité N=2 quadri-dimensionnelle définie par réduction des théories de type II sur des fonds à structure SU(3)xSU(3) avec flux généraux de NSNS et RR: nous établissons l'action bosonique complète, et nous montrons comment ces donées sont reliées au formalisme de la géométrie généralisée sur T+T*. En particulier, nous trouvons une expression géométrique pour le potentiel scalaire N=2. Puis nous nous concentrons sur les relations entre les descriptions à 10d et à 4d des fonds supersymétriques avec flux: nous dérivons les conditions de vide N=1 dans la théorie N=2 à 4d, ainsi que dans sa troncation N=1, et nous prouvons une correspondance précise avec les équations qui caractérisent les vides N=1 au niveau dix-dimensionnel. Nous terminons en présentant des exemples concrets, basés sur des espaces quotients avec structure SU(3). Nous établissons pour ces espaces la cohérence de la troncation basée sur l'invariance gauche, et nous explorons les vides de la théorie associée, en prenant en compte les corrections des boucles des cordes.
Bouda, Ahmed. "Localisation de la symétrie BRST en théorie des cordes". Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR10531.
Testo completoShadchin, Sergey. "Sur quelques aspects de correspondance entre la théorie des cordes et théorie de jauge". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002311.
Testo completoTanzini, Alessandro. "Effets non-perturbatifs en théorie des champs et dualité avec la théorie des cordes". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007993.
Testo completoCluzel, Emeline. "Inflation en cosmologie des cordes". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00653149.
Testo completoZein, Assi Ahmad. "Amplitudes Topologiques et l'Action Effective de la Théorie des Cordes". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00942993.
Testo completoOrsi, Francesco. "Etude des vides de la théorie des cordes avec flux". Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077025.
Testo completoThis thesis revolves around investigating some aspects of both supersymmetric and non- supersymmetric flux vacua of type II string theory. After providing the relevant definition of a vacuum in this setting, the framework of Generalized Complex Geometry is exposed: we review in particular the differential conditions for vacua in the presence of fluxes in this language, and we discuss their relation to integrabi-lity of the associated structures. We then survey a natural extension able to include the whole flux con¬tent into a geometrical picture, known as Exceptional Generalized Geometry. Fluxes are recovered in this context as a twisting of the Levi-Civita operator, from which a set of differential equations for the relevant algebraic structures is derived. These are carefully compared with the known supersymmetric constraints that a vacuum should satisfy in both cases of N =1,2 supersymmetries. Motivated by the application of the AdS/CFT correspondence with a reduced amount of supercharges, we obtain an effective five-dimensional supersymmetric theory, and we demonstrate in particular how a specific ansatz largely used in the string theory literature can be naturally embedded in it. We then investigate the su-pergravity dual to a metastable supersymmetry-breaking state by considering the most general first- order deformations of a supersymmetric solution, in order to single out the backreaction of anti-D2 branes. We conclude that unavoidable infrared singularities arise in view of the presence of anti-D2 branes per-turbing the underlying supersymmetric background
Lorenz, Larissa Claudia. "Fluctuations primordiales en cosmologie des cordes". Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066192.
Testo completoThis thesis is dedicated to the study of inflationary scenarios based on string theory. We present first a detailed comparison of the “KKLMMT brane inflation” scenario to data from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) satellite. We then turn our attention to the consequences of modified dynamics for the inflaton: outside the string theory context, these scenarios are known as k-inflation, and we establish their observational predictions with particular regard for the differences to the standard case (where the inflaton kinetic term is canonical). We study in detail the case of “Dirac Born Infeld (DBI) inflation”, which is the string-inspired subclass of k-inflationary models. In a second step, we then again compare the obtained predictions to WMAP. Two other publications consider the end of brane inflation: firstly, we calculate the behaviour of entropy perturbations at the onset of brane--anti-brane annihilation in the KKLMMT model and, secondly, we study reheating of the Universe following multiple brane collisions in a novel scenario called “monodromy inflation”. Finally, we turn to the question of stochastic behaviour for an inflaton field with DBI dynamics
Liu, Lihui. "Cosmologie quantique à température finie en théorie des supercordes". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00733052.
Testo completoBohé, Alejandro. "Production d'ondes gravitationnelles par les cordes cosmiques avec jonctions". Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077203.
Testo completoCosmic strings are predicted to form in a wide variety of models in the early universe but so far, they have never been observed. One of the most promising ways to do so relies on their emission of gravitational wave bursts (at singular points on the strings called cusps and kinks) which could be detectable by the current generation of interferometers (LIGO-VIRGO) or by the future space interferometer LISA. In this thesis, we focus on a particular class of models of cosmic strings in which junctions (points at which several strings are attached) can form. We first discuss the formation and the evolution of cosmic strings with and without junctions. We show that strings with junctions generally contain many more kinks than ordinary cosmic strings. Consequently, the signal from a network of loops with junctions differs significantly from the predictions for ordinary strings. We discuss the observability of this signal and the associated constraints on the parameter space of the strings
Fidanza, Stéphane. "Rôle(s) du champ de fond antisymétrique en théorie des cordes". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2003. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000709.
Testo completoHouart, Laurent. "Théorie des cordes en dimension non critique et modèles de matrices". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212720.
Testo completoNFidanza, Stéphane. "Rôle(s) du champ de fond antisymétrique en théorie des cordes". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2003. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000709.
Testo completoMichel, Yann. "Aspects des trous noirs extrémaux en supergravité et théorie des cordes". Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066486.
Testo completoPapineau, Chloé. "Conséquences cosmologiques et phénomenologiques des théories des cordes". Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112095.
Testo completoThe Standard Model is an effective theory whose total symmetry group needs to be extended. As such, a part of this thesis consisted in constructing a class of models with extra dimensions. We showed that Nambu-Jona-Lasinio models are dual to certain models with six dimensions. This enables to treat non-perturbative phenomena in a perturbative way. We also studied supersymmetry and its local version, supergravity in string inspired models, which live in ten dimensions. Extra fields called moduli arise after dimensional reduction and are generically flat direction of the total potential. We built a model of stabilisation for all moduli in which the breaking of supersymmetry leads to a gravitino mass of order 10 TeV. The cosmological constant can be adjusted to a small value. These models possess a rich phenomenology
Renaux-Petel, Sébastien. "Inflation cosmologique et théorie des cordes : aspects multichamps et non-gaussianités primordiales". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00724157.
Testo completoRenaux, Sébastien. "Inflation cosmologique et théorie des cordes : aspects multichamps et non-gaussianités primordiales". Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077082.
Testo completoThe embedding of cosmological inflation in high-energy physics motivates the construction of scenarios involving several scalar fields or/and non-standard actions. These scenarios generate primordial fluctuations whose deviations from Gaussianity can now be probed with an interesting accuracy and we study in this thesis the corresponding observational signatures. We first expose the relativistic theory of cosmological perturbations and the mechanism by which they are created during inflation. We then present a review of the different types of models that generate large primordial non-Gaussianities as well as of the methods lo determine the latter. We present in particular several applications from a formalism known as covariant. We then deal with an inflationary scenario inspired by string theory known as Dirac-Born-Infeld inflation, and notably its multifield aspects. I We finally describe the means carried out lo detect the effects of primordial non-Gaussianities on the cosmological observables
Israël, Dan. "Supercordes en espace-temps courbe et théories conformes". Paris 6, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007152.
Testo completoBordalo, Pedro. "Cordes et champs antisymétriques dans des espaces-temps courbes". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008396.
Testo completoRuef, Clément. "Trous noirs en théorie des cordes : vers une compréhension de la gravité quantique". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00518227.
Testo completoJego, Charles. "Théories des champs conformes non rationnelles et applications à la théorie des cordes". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EPXX0012.
Testo completoDurin, Bruno. "Configurations dépendantes du temps dans le formalisme perturbatif de le théorie des cordes". Phd thesis, Paris 6, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011702.
Testo completoTimirgaziu, Maria-Cristina. "Aspects des théories des cordes non-supersymétriques ou avec brisure de supersymétrie". Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066582.
Testo completoBernard, Denis. "Sur les algèbres de Kac-Moody en théorie des cordes et sur la théorie des champs en espace-temps courbes". Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112030.
Testo completoAndriot, David. "Solutions avec flux de la théorie des cordes sur tores twistés, et Géométrie Complexe Généralisée". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00497172.
Testo completoRuef, Clément. "Black holes in string theory : towards an understanding of quantum gravity". Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112057.
Testo completoIn this thesis I present the work I did during my PhD at the Institute of Theorectical Physical (IPhT), CEA Saclay, under the supervision of Iosif Bena. The framework I have been working in is string theory, and more precisely surpergravities in ten and eleven dimensions, as low energy limits of string theory. The first part of the thesis deals with the study of supersymmetric three-charge black holes and black hole microstates : Using supersymmetric D-branes called supertubes, we have performed a probe analysis of supergravity solutions, and showed how this approach {\it exactly captures}, in all know cases, the physical properties of the complete supergravity solution. We also found that when the supertube is in a magnetically charged background, it sees its entropy {\it enhanced} with respect to its flat space one. The supergravity solutions sourced by supertubes are regular and horizonless, and hence can be seen, in the “fuzzball proposal”, as black hole microstates. This enhanced entropy could therefore contribute for a large part in a microscopic counting of the black hole entropy. In the second part of the thesis, I present a new class of five-dimensional {\it non-supersymmetric} solutions, called “floating brane” solution. The equations giving these new solutions generalizes the BPS equations and have the key property to still be partially {\it first order} and {\it linear}. The BPS equations, and thus all the known supersymmetric solutions are recovered as a subcase of the floating brane equations. Some of the new solutions have a horizon and are thus black holes- with different horizon topologies- but some are completely regular and horizonless and should correspond to microstates of {\it non extremal} black holes
Catelin-Jullien, Tristan. "Brisure de symétries en théorie des supercordes : applications en cosmologie et en physique des particules". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00351584.
Testo completoNous commençons par une présentation générale de la théorie des cordes, principalement focalisée sur les concepts que nous manierons.
Nous introduisons ensuite notre premier travail, dans lequel nous exhibons une dualité de l'espace des vides des théories de supercordes hétérotiques N=1, qui relie les représentations spinorielles et vectorielles du groupe de grande unification.
Dans un second travail, nous nous intéressons cette fois à la modélisation par la théorie des supercordes d'une évolution cosmologique à température non nulle et en présence d'une échelle de brisure de supersymétrie. Nous donnons également des arguments pour une stabilisation des divers modules de compactification.
Alexandrov, Serguei Y. "Mécanique Quantique Matricielle et la Théorie des Cordes à Deux Dimensions dans des Fonds Non-triviaux". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003512.
Testo completoAlexandrov, Serguei. "Mécanique quantique matricielle et la théorie des cordes à deux dimensions dans des fonds non-triviaux". Paris 11, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003512.
Testo completoString theory is the most promising candidate for the theory unifying all interactions including gravity. It has an extremely difficult dynamics. Therefore, it is useful to study some its simplifications. One of them is non-critical string theory which can be defined in low dimensions. A particular interesting case is 2D string theory. On the one hand, it has a very rich structure and, on the other hand, it is solvable. A complete solution of 2D string theory in the simplest linear dilaton background was obtained using its representation as Matrix Quantum Mechanics. This matrix model provides a very powerful technique and reveals the integrability hidden in the usual CFT formulation. This thesis extends the matrix model description of 2D string theory to non-trivial backgrounds. We show how perturbations changing the background are incorporated into Matrix Quantum Mechanics. The perturbations are integrable and governed by Toda Lattice hierarchy. This integrability is used to extract various information about the perturbed system: correlation functions, thermodynamical behaviour, structure of the target space. The results concerning these and some other issues, like non-perturbative effects in non-critical string theory, are presented in the thesis
Gurrieri, Sébastien. "Supergravités N=2 et N=4 comme compactifications de théories de cordes en dimension 10". Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX22016.
Testo completoBasso, Benjamin. "Dynamique fortement couplée et intégrabilité dans l'extension supersymétrique maximale de la théorie de Yang-Mills". Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112134.
Testo completoIn this thesis, we analyse the strongly coupled regime of the maximally supersymmetric extension of Yang-Mills theory. This theory is believed to be integrable in the planar limit, wich offers the possibility of computing various quantities for arbitrary values of the coupling constant. Namely, assuming the complete integrability of the dilatation operator and making use of the associated set of all-loop asymptotic Bethe ansatz equations, we derive the strong coupling expressions of various scaling dimensions of the planar gauge theory. Applying the AdS/CFT correspondence, we compare our results with predictions coming form the dual string theory description and test the gauge/string duality for the quantities under consideration
Goi, Enrico. "Quelques aspects de la brisure de supersymétrie en théorie des cordes de types IIA : vides et déformations". Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077172.
Testo completoThis thesis is devoted to the study of non-supersymmetric flux compactifications in type IIA string theory. After a brief review of type II theories, we introduce the mathematical framework of Generalized Complex Geometry, which provides an encompassing geometric interpretation and organizing principle for supersymmetric vacua. We introduce the class of solvmanifolds, which have been extensively used as compactification manifolds, and discuss their mathematical properties, with particular attention to the compactness criteria. We then present our first example of non-supersymmetric compactification, a vacuum which has a de Sitter external space. We solve the equations of motion and in the process we argue about the behaviour of D-branes in non-supersymmetric backgrounds; a short analysis of the four dimensional physics is also provided. We speculate about the use of Generalized Geometry for non-supersymmetric vacua too and about the right variables to describe the supposed underlying geometric structure. Motivated by AdS/CFT considerations we investigate a supersymmetry breaking vacuum which is supposed to be the gravity dual to a metastable non-supersymmetric vacuum of a supersymmetric gauge theory. Supersymmetry is here broken by the addition of anti-branes; it is notoriously difficult to take into account their backreaction and we resort to use a perturbative technique. We compute the most general first order deformations of a D2-brane background, discuss the space of solutions of the deformed fields and argue about the nature of the unavoidable singularities which we encounter in the process
Kashani-Poor, Amir-Kian. "Computing Z_top". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris - ENS Paris, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01056403.
Testo completoGromov, Nikolay. "Integrabilité dans la Correspondance AdS/CFT:l'analyse quasiclassique et l'approche de bootstrap". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00286218.
Testo completoZein, Assi Ahmad. "Topological Amplitudes and the String Effective Action". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2013. https://theses.hal.science/docs/00/94/40/86/PDF/TheseZeinAssiFinalv2.pdf.
Testo completoIn this thesis, we study a class of higher derivative couplings in the string effective action arising at the junction of topological string theory and supersymmetric gauge theories in the Omega-background. They generalise a series of gravitational couplings involving gravitons and graviphotons, which reproduces the topological string theory partition function. The latter reduces, in the field theory limit, to the partition function of the gauge theory in the Omega-background when one if its parameters, say epsilon_+, is set to zero. This suggests the existence of a one-parameter extension called the refined topological string. The couplings considered in this work involve an additional vector multiplet and are evaluated, perturbatively and non-perturbatively, at the string level. In the field theory limit, they correctly reproduce the partition function of the gauge theory in a general Omega-background. Hence, these couplings provide new perspectives toward a worldsheet definition of the refined topological string
Humeau, Corentin. "Contribution to the study of coupling between moisture diffusion and mechanical stress, in high performance marine materials". Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4070/document.
Testo completoThe aim of the study was to understand the impact of coupling on water diffusion and mechanical stress on marine installations. Moreover, we identified the key phenomena involved during this type of exposure. When we look to these type of applications we can distinguish two type of materials used: one for the structure and another for mooring facilities. The best performing structural materials appear to be composites, while the most effective mooring devices are made with synthetic ropes. Therefore, we decided to investigate both materials with the same method: first the properties uncoupled, second, as semi-coupled behaviours and finally as one coupled phenomenon. The present work highlights the divergences between uncoupled, semi-coupled and coupled behaviours for the two main types of material used for marine and offshore applications. The need to perform coupled tests to dimension the offshore systems is fully justified. Moreover, this study proposes an important number of hypotheses to explain these differences when we test the materials coupled. For these reasons, additional work should be performed on the subject for other types or composites and fibre materials in order to increase the data base on coupled behaviour
Sasmal, Soumya. "Composite Anomaly in Supergravity and String Amplitude Comparison". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS198/document.
Testo completoWe examine the structure of composite anomaly in maximal and half-maximal supergravity theories especially in eight space-time dimensions. The number of super-charges dictates the structure of the coset space of the moduli fields of the theory which in turn engenders the composite anomaly in such theories. Our main achievement lies in proposing counter-terms for such anomalies. These terms are of stringy nature and we show by explicit 1-loop amplitude calculations in corresponding string theories that those counter-terms are consistently provided by string amplitude. In the light of non-perturbative higher dimensional theories like F-theory, the anomaly cancelling counter-terms are seen to be related to co-dimension two branes e.g. 7-branes. We then use these results of 8-dimensional theories to provide for supergravity theories in six-dimensions by compactifying on a sphere in the presence of 5-branes. This is in fact a simulation of K3 compactification and our knowledge of composite connection provide us with threshold conditions to achieve such compactifications. All these analysis provide for greater insight into the non-perturbative regime of string theory. We then conclude with a calculation of 2-loop Heterotic string amplitude which has been very less explored in the literature
González-Meneses, López Juan. "Tresses des surfaces fermées". Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOS041.
Testo completoGötz, Gerhard Markus. "Lie superalgebras and string theory in AdS3 x S3". Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066039.
Testo completoKiefer, Flavien. "Condensation de tachyon dans le système brane-antibrane". Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066225.
Testo completoIn superstring theory of type II, the separated brane-antibrane pair admits a bi-fundamental tachyon in its open string spectrum, for any separation less than the critical distance. The dynamics of this system would be described by the Garousi's effective action for any non-zero separation. Our study shows however that the domain of validity of this action only includes space-like tachyon condensation. Previous studies led by Bagchi and Sen showed that, in a partial sub-critical domain, exists a conformal field theory (CFT), which describes a dynamical condensation at static distance, called rolling tachyon. We show that this CFT actually exists on the whole tachyonic domain. Thanks to this demonstration, we prove that the domain of validity of Garousi's action excludes time-dependent tachyon condensation, and we justify the computation of the partition fonction along the rolling tachyon on the whole sub-critical domain. Using a method proposed by Kutasov and Niarchos, we determine a quadratic effective action for the tachyon and distance fields, at least valid in the whole tachyonic domain around the rolling tachyon solution. In addition, we studied the non linear sigma model of perturbative deformations along the rolling tachyon CFT. The beta-function of the renormalization group, that we obtained, are in good agreement with the equations of movement derived from the proposed quadratic effective action. This stands as an independent confirmation of its expression
Souères, Bertrand. "Supergravities in Superspace". Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1141/document.
Testo completoHigh order derivative terms in eleven dimensional supergravity are a powerful tool to probe the microscopic structure of M-theory. In particular, the superinvariant at order eight in number of derivatives is required for quantum consistency, but has not been completely constructed to this day. In this thesis, after a formal introduction to supergravity, we focus on a technique called the actions principle, in superspace, with the aim of generating the full superinvariant associated to the Chern-Simons term at order eight. Although we do not construct the superinvariant, we determine some of its characteristics, and pave the way for a systematic treatment of the computations leading to the correction. Then we present the main features of the computer program we built for dealing with the computations encountered in the action principle. It is specifically designed to deal with gamma matrices, tensors and spinors as they appear in superspace. Finally, with the help of this program, we tackle another computationally intensive subject : the fermionic condensation in IIA massive superspace. We use the superspace formulations of IIA supergravitites to find the quartic fermion term of the action, and by imposing a non-vanishing vacuum expectation value for this term, we realize a de Sitter solution in two simple cases
Orantin, Nicolas. "Du développement topologique des modèles de matrices à la théorie des cordes topologiques : combinatoire de surfaces par la géométrie algébrique". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00173162.
Testo completoje montre que pour un choix particulier des paramètres, ces objets peuvent être rendus invariants modulaires et sont solutions des équations d'anomalie holomorphe de la théorie de Kodaira-Spencer donnant un nouvel élément vers la preuve de la conjecture de Dijkgraaf-Vafa.