Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Texte structuré"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Texte structuré":
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Lavoie, Jean-Jacques. "Activité, sagesse et finitude humaine". Articles spéciaux 63, n. 1 (2 novembre 2007): 87–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/016679ar.
Abstract (sommario):
Résumé Qohélet 1,12-18 est un texte sans glose, bien délimité et structuré en deux parties symétriques : 1,12-15 et 1,16-18. L’idée dominante de cette péricope peut se résumer comme suit : Qohélet parodie les textes légendaires au sujet de Salomon ainsi que les éloges propagandistes des autobiographies royales du Proche-Orient ancien, afin de relativiser la valeur de la sagesse et du savoir, et de souligner l’impuissance des êtres humains à modifier, bonifier ou enrichir l’oeuvre que Dieu a lui-même tordue.
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Walty, Ivete Lara Camargos, e Maria Helena Rabelo Campos. "De quadrinhos e quadrados". Cadernos de Linguística e Teoria da Literatura 7, n. 14 (30 dicembre 2016): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/0101-3548.7.14.57-82.
Abstract (sommario):
Resumo: Análise de histórias em quadrinho enquanto texto que se estrutura a partir dos elementos tradicionalmente apontados como próprios à ficção narrativa. Nesta perspectiva, busca-se uma leitura das relações entre criança e adulto, criação e autor, linguagem e poder.Résumé: Analyse de bandes dessinées en tant que texte structuré à partir d'éléments traditionnellement considérés comme appartenant à la fiction narrative. De ce point de vue, nous faissons une lecture des rapports entre l'enfant et l'adulte, la création et l'auteur, le langage et le pouvoir.
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Giami, Alain. "Parler de sexualité: subjectivité et singularité de l’expérience individuelle". Horizontes Antropológicos 5, n. 12 (dicembre 1999): 213–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-71831999000300012.
Abstract (sommario):
L’article porte sur la présentation et le commentaire d’un entretien biographique avec un jeune homme de 20 ans qui parle de sa sexualité. Le texte est fondé sur une discussion du livre de l’anthropologue américain Gilbert Herdt et du psychanalyste Robert Stoller qui développe le concept « d’ethnographie clinique ». Le texte met en évidence les difficultés à accéder à la subjectivité comme forme d’intériorisation de la culture au travers des expériences biographiques. La méthode de l’entretien ouvert non structuré est discutée en find d’article.
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Lavoie, Jean-Jacques. "Puissance divine et finitude humaine selon Qohélet 3,10 -15". Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 31, n. 3-4 (settembre 2002): 283–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000842980203100302.
Abstract (sommario):
Qo 3,10-15 est un texte sans glose, bien délimité et structuré autour de trois petites unités (3,10-11.12-13.14-15). En reprenant une idée essentielle de chacune des grandes parties de Qo 1,4-3,8, ces trois unités de Qo 3,10-15 constituent la première synthèse théologique du livre. L'ensemble du texte laisse entendre qu'entre un bonheur incertain et un effroi assuré, l'être humain est condamné à vivre dans l'impuissance, l'ignorance et la résignation face à un dieu omnipotent, froid, lointain et incompréhensible. Quelques allusions à Qo 3,10-15 chez Ben Sira montrent toutefois que ce dernier ne partage aucunement l'avis du livre de Qohélet.
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Lavoie, Jean-Jacques. "Critique cultuelle et doute existentiel : étude de Qo 4,17-5,6". Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 26, n. 2 (giugno 1997): 147–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000842989702600201.
Abstract (sommario):
Qo 4,17-5,6 est un texte sans glose, bien délimité et structuré autour de cinq thèmes dont la théologie correspond à l'ensemble du livre. Ces thèmes sont les suivants: le sacrifice (4,17), la prière (5,1), le rêve (5,2.6a), le voeu (5,3-4) et la faute cultuelle (5,5). Quant à 5,6b, il résume l'idée principale de la péricope. L'ensemble du texte laisse entendre que Qohélet n'attend pas grand-chose de la part de la Divinité. En effet, mis à part le voeu, les seules actions cultuelles qui affectent la Divinité sont celles des insensés (4,17; 5,2-3) et la seule réaction divine que mentionne explicitement Qohélet est une réaction négative et agressive: l'anéantissement de ce qui pourrait être la source du bonheur (5,5). On comprend alors qu'une telle Divinité suscite la peur, voire la terreur chez l'être humain (5,6). En bref, ce texte est d'une étonnante actualité, car il se présente comme une critique des bigots insensés qui croient qu'on peut amadouer ou manipuler la Divinité en accomplissant des rituels religieux.
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Henry, Kevin. "Alibaba, ou la nouvelle Utopie – De la traduction française des métaphores structurantes dans les textes pragmatiques chinois". Équivalences 45, n. 1 (2018): 177–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/equiv.2018.1539.
Abstract (sommario):
Dans cet article, en prenant pour illustration l’ouvrage Le modèle Alibaba (Lowrey 2014, 2016), présentation apologétique du modèle commercial de la société Internet chinoise Alibaba, dont nous avons personnellement réalisé la traduction en français, nous nous proposons de montrer les intrications et les subtilités que peut rencontrer le traducteur dans un texte véritablement structuré par la phraséologie et les culturèmes et rédigé dans une langue source sans aucun dénominateur commun avec la langue cible. Nous indiquerons ainsi comment, dans notre corpus de base, un ensemble de références diverses mais cohérentes participe de la construction de l’identité marketing de l’entreprise décrite, et pourquoi nous avons dû nous soucier de ces diverses allusions dans notre traduction. À partir de ces exemples, nous postulerons l’existence de ce que nous appellerons «métaphores structurantes» dans les textes pragmatiques et envisagerons certaines implications de ce concept en traductologie.
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Farriaux, Jean-Pierre. "Histoire et organisation du programme français de dépistage néonatal systématique (1967-2020)". médecine/sciences 37, n. 5 (maggio 2021): 433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2021052.
Abstract (sommario):
Au cours du dernier quart du xxe siècle s’est construit en France un ambitieux programme de santé publique. Il s’agissait du dépistage de maladies de l’enfant inapparentes à la naissance, mais dont le diagnostic et le traitement précoces allaient transformer l’état de santé des enfants porteurs de ces maladies. Ce programme très bien structuré est toujours en œuvre et a donné les fruits que nous espérions. Ce texte raconte l’histoire de cette action de santé et résume l’organisation et les objectifs du programme.
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Boumazzou, Ibrahim. "Individu, identité et interculturalité dans Mission terminée de Mongo Beti". e-Scripta Romanica 6 (28 dicembre 2018): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2392-0718.06.08.
Abstract (sommario):
Cet article se veut une étude analytique de l’identité et de la culture africaine dans Mission terminée de Mongo Beti. Il a pour objectif de faire la lumière sur la spécificité de cette société, la place que l’individu y occupe et les transformations qu’elle a subies avec l’arrivée du colonisateur. Il est centré d’abord sur les personnages du roman et leurs attributions afin de savoir comment est constitué, structuré et hiérarchisé le groupe social auquel appartiennent ces entités. Il reconstitue ensuite les aspects culturels de la vie de l’homme noir tels qu’ils sont suggérés par le texte.
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Noël, Ginette. "L’Archivistique et la gestion des documents dans les municipalités du Québec". Urban History Review 11, n. 3 (25 ottobre 2013): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1019012ar.
Abstract (sommario):
Dans cet article on retrouve le résultat d’une enquête réalisée en 1981 auprès d’un échantillonnage de 105 municipalités du Québec. Il ressort de l’analyse des données recueillies que le traitement des documents municipaux est mieux structuré dans les villes à forte concentration de population. Par contre, les localités de moindre envergure accordent davantage la priorité au classement des documents actifs et à la préservation des archives essentielles qu’à l’utilisation du microfilm, à l’élaboration d’un calendrier de conservation ou à la mise sur pied d’un centre de pré-archivage. Autre conclusion intéressante de cette recherche : il existe un mouvement en faveur d’une meilleure conservation des documents municipaux au Québec. Le texte propose et décrit un éventail de ressources dont peuvent bénéficier les municipalités dans leur recherche de moyens pour le traitement de leurs documents.
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Gauvin, Jean-François. "Les musées de sciences, la « présence » des objets et les défis pédagogiques de l’habitus". Éducation et francophonie 43, n. 1 (1 maggio 2015): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1030179ar.
Abstract (sommario):
L’objectif de ce texte est de jeter les bases théoriques et pratiques pour la création d’une approche complémentaire à la visite conventionnelle des musées de sciences et de techniques. Le point de vue proposé cherche à (re)centrer, à (re)focaliser encore plus la pédagogie et la didactique muséale sur l’objet. Comment, en effet, redonner à ces objets froids et inertes, généralement placés derrière d’austères vitrines, leur « présence » originelle, qui éveillera en nous non seulement le sens de la vue (la « beauté » esthétique et pratique de l’objet), mais tous les autres, sans lesquels les objets de notre quotidien perdent toute leur signification – leur sens. La clé d’analyse se trouve dans trois concepts : profondeur, procédé et participation. Et au coeur de ces concepts se cache l’habitus, l’apprentissage structuré et structurant de toute connaissance.
Tesi sul tema "Texte structuré":
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Fan, Huihui. "Text Generation with and without Retrieval". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0164.
Abstract (sommario):
Tous les jours, nous écrivons --- qu'il s'agisse d'envoyer un texte rapide à votre mère ou de rédiger un article scientifique tel que cette thèse. Les logiciels modernes de messagerie instantanée suggèrent souvent le mot à écrire ensuite, les courriers électroniques peuvent être lancés à l'aide d'un autocomposeur et les rédactions sont améliorées grâce à des suggestions de la machine. Ces technologies sont le fruit d'années de recherche sur la génération de texte, un domaine du traitement du langage naturel dont l'objectif est de produire automatiquement un langage naturel fluide et lisible par l'homme. À petite échelle, les systèmes de génération de texte peuvent générer des mots ou des phrases isolés, mais leurs applications vont bien au-delà. Par exemple, les systèmes de résumé, de dialogue et même la rédaction d'articles entiers de Wikipédia reposent sur la technologie fondamentale de génération de texte. La production d'un langage naturel fluide, précis et utile est confrontée à de nombreux défis. Les progrès récents en matière de génération de texte, qui s'appuient principalement sur l'apprentissage d'architectures de réseaux neuronaux sur de grands ensembles de données, ont considérablement amélioré la lisibilité de surface du texte généré par la machine. Cependant, les systèmes actuels nécessitent des améliorations sur de nombreux axes, notamment la génération de textes autres que l'anglais et la rédaction de textes de plus en plus longs. Bien que le domaine ait connu des progrès rapides, la recherche s'est surtout concentrée sur la langue anglaise, où des ensembles de données d'entraînement et d'évaluation à grande échelle pour diverses tâches sont facilement disponibles. Néanmoins, les applications allant de l'autocorrection à l'autocomposition de texte devraient être disponibles universellement. Après tout, la majorité de la population mondiale n'écrit pas en anglais. Dans ce travail, nous créons des systèmes de génération de texte pour diverses tâches avec la capacité d'incorporer des langues autres que l'anglais, soit sous forme d'algorithmes qui s'étendent facilement à de nouvelles langues. Au-delà de nos travaux sur la génération de textes multilingues, nous nous concentrons sur un élément essentiel des systèmes de génération : la connaissance. Pour bien écrire, il faut d'abord savoir quoi écrire. Ce concept de connaissance est incroyablement important dans les systèmes de génération de texte. Par exemple, la rédaction automatique d'un article complet sur Wikipédia nécessite une recherche approfondie sur le sujet de l'article. L'instinct de recherche est souvent intuitif --- il y a quelques décennies, les gens se seraient rendus dans une bibliothèque, remplacés aujourd'hui par les informations disponibles sur le World Wide Web. Cependant, pour les systèmes automatisés, la question n'est pas seulement de savoir quelles connaissances utiliser pour générer du texte, mais aussi comment récupérer ces connaissances et les utiliser au mieux pour atteindre l'objectif de communication visé. Nous relevons le défi de la génération de texte basée sur la récupération. Nous présentons plusieurs techniques permettant d'identifier les connaissances pertinentes à différentes échelles : des connaissances locales disponibles dans un paragraphe à l'identification de l'aiguille dans la botte de foin à l'échelle du web complet, en passant par le passage au crible de Wikipedia. Nous décrivons des architectures de réseaux neuronaux capables d'effectuer efficacement des recherches à grande échelle, en utilisant des mécanismes de précalcul et de mise en cache. Enfin, nous utilisons ces architectures dans des tâches nouvelles, beaucoup plus difficiles, qui repoussent les limites des modèles de génération de texte qui fonctionnent bien aujourd'hui : des tâches qui nécessitent des connaissances, mais qui exigent également que les modèles produisent des résultats longs et structurés en langage naturelEvery day we write --- from sending your mother a quick text to drafting a scientific article such as this thesis. The writing we do often goes hand-in-hand with automated assistance. For example, modern instant messaging software often suggests what word to write next, emails can be started with an autocomposer, and essays are improved with machine-suggested edits. These technologies are powered by years of research on text generation, a natural language processing field with the goal of automatically producing fluent, human-readable natural language. At a small scale, text generation systems can generate individual words or sentences, but have wide-reaching applications beyond that. For instance, systems for summarization, dialogue, and even the writing of entire Wikipedia articles are grounded in foundational text generation technology.Producing fluent, accurate, and useful natural language faces numerous challenges. Recent advances in text generation, principally leveraging training neural network architectures on large datasets, have significantly improved the surface-level readability of machine-generated text. However, current systems necessitate improvement along numerous axes, including generation beyond English and writing increasingly longer texts. While the field has seen rapid progress, much research focus has been directed towards the English language, where large-scale training and evaluation datasets for various tasks are readily available. Nevertheless, applications from autocorrect to autocomposition of text should be available universally. After all, by population, the majority of the world does not write in English. In this work, we create text generation systems for various tasks with the capability of incorporating languages beyond English, either as algorithms that easily extend to new languages or multilingual models encompassing up to 20 languages in one model.Beyond our work in multilingual text generation, we focus on a critical piece of generation systems: knowledge. A pre-requisite to writing well is knowing what to write. This concept of knowledge is incredibly important in text generation systems. For example, automatically writing an entire Wikipedia article requires extensive research on that article topic. The instinct to research is often intuitive --- decades ago people would have gone to a library, replaced now by the information available on the World Wide Web. However, for automated systems, the question is not only what knowledge to use to generate text, but also how to retrieve that knowledge and best utilize it to achieve the intended communication goal.We face the challenge of retrieval-based text generation. We present several techniques for identifying relevant knowledge at different scales: from local knowledge available in a paragraph to sifting through Wikipedia, and finally identifying the needle-in-the-haystack on the scale of the full web. We describe neural network architectures that can perform large-scale retrieval efficiently, utilizing pre-computation and caching mechanisms. Beyond how to retrieve knowledge, we further investigate the form the knowledge should take --- from natural language such as Wikipedia articles or text on the web to structured inputs in the form of knowledge graphs. Finally, we utilize these architectures in novel, much more challenging tasks that push the boundaries of where text generation models work well today: tasks that necessitate knowledge but also require models to produce long, structured natural language output, such as answering complex questions or writing full Wikipedia articles
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Barth, Elaine Maria Luz. "The effects of text structure instruction on efl reader's understanding of expository texts". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 1990. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/157653.
Abstract (sommario):
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Comunicação e ExpressãoMade available in DSpace on 2016-01-08T16:51:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 80067.pdf: 4788847 bytes, checksum: e2967ec153e31fb0d4401ad3f98eadc2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1990
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Carter-Thomas, Shirley. "Texte et contexte : pour une approche fonctionnelle et empirique". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00482108.
Abstract (sommario):
Textes et contextes sont irrévocablement imbriqués. Si dans mes travaux j'accorde une place importante à la notion de texte et aux phénomènes de cohésion et de cohérence textuelles, il est tout aussi important pour moi de prendre en compte les contextes énonciatifs. Les formes textuelles examinées sont mises en relation avec des situations d'énonciation précises. Il est surtout question de l'interaction entre texte et contexte et de leur relation d'interdépendance. Mon objectif est d'examiner l'impact de certains choix linguistiques sur l'interprétation du texte en cours et en même temps d'évaluer l'influence des facteurs contextuels sur les choix qui sont faits.
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LUC, CHRISTOPHE. "Representation et composition des structures visuelles et rhetoriques du texte. Approche pour la generation de textes formates". Toulouse 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU30086.
Abstract (sommario):
Le travail presente dans cette these s'inscrit dans le cadre de la representation des structures textuelles. Nous nous sommes focalise sur l'etude conjointe de deux types de structures : la structure rhetorique (a travers la theorie des structures rhetoriques - rst) et la structure visuelle (a travers l'architecture de texte). La these s'articule autour de deux points : - l'etude d'un objet textuel particulier : l'enumeration ; - la generation de texte. Premierement, concernant l'etude sur les enumerations, nous caracterisons certains phenomenes specifiques a ces objets et nous exposons le concept d'enumeration non-parallele (enumeration dont les differents constituants - les items - n'ont pas la meme fonction ou la meme forme visuelle au sein de l'enumeration). Nous montrons la necessite d'une coexistence des deux modeles pour representer de maniere convenable les structures enumeratives et nous proposons une strategie generale de composition de ces modeles s'appliquant a un grand nombre de phenomenes textuels (dont les enumerations non-paralleles). Deuxiemement, concernant la generation de texte, nous etudions ensuite les relations entre les modeles de la rst, de l'architecture textuelle et des connaissances lexico-syntaxiques sur le texte (obtenues par un processus de decomposition d'un texte en phrases elementaires - au sens de z. Harris). Ce travail est realise sur des textes specifiques (regles de jeu) dont le materiel textuel a ete prealablement controle. Sur ces bases, le systeme de generation de texte presente propose de determiner et d'organiser, a l'aide d'un processus de planification, de facon coordonnee, les trois types de connaissances (rhetoriques, architecturales et lexico-syntaxiques) en utilisant des strategies imbriquees. Le systeme est concu sur des phenomenes textuels specifiques comme les textes a consignes (regles de jeu) et certaines enumerations.
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Haselton, Curt B. Deierlein Gregory G. "Assessing seismic collapse safety of modern reinforced concrete moment-frame buildings". Berkeley, Calif. : Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, 2008. http://nisee.berkeley.edu/elibrary/Text/200803261.
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Saint-Germain, Isabelle. "Le passage de l'article scientifique au texte vulgarisé analyse de la structure, du contenu et de la rhétorique des textes". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2004. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2361.
Abstract (sommario):
Les différents contextes de diffusion et de présentation d'un article scientifique et d'un article de vulgarisation scientifique nous ont amenée, dans le cadre de ce mémoire, à nous pencher sur le passage du texte scientifique au texte vulgarisé. Plus précisément, nous nous sommes demandée quelles sont les transformations, tant dans la structure des textes que dans leur contenu, et quels sont les effets rhétoriques que le processus de vulgarisation peut entraîner. Les questions Qui? Quoi? Où? Quand? Pourquoi? qu'on pose habituellement trouvent facilement leur réponse, mais afin de comprendre les transformations subies par le texte scientifique pour trouver sa forme vulgarisée, nous nous sommes principalement arrêtée au Comment ?, à savoir, comment les textes sont-ils rédigés dans les deux cas. Nous avons donc comparé un texte scientifique et un texte vulgarisé traitant exactement du même sujet et rédigés par le même auteur, de manière à sous-peser leurs caractéristiques globales."--Résumé abrégé par UMI.
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Saint-Germain, Isabelle. "Le passage de l'article scientifique au texte vulgarisé : analyse de la structure, du contenu et de la rhétorique des textes". Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2004.
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Hsaio-Hui, Wu. "The effects of text structure on comprehending expository texts by EFL vocational university students in Taiwan". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.707231.
Abstract (sommario):
The present study aimed to investigate the impact of explicit instruction in the text structure strategy (TSS) of expository discourse on reading comprehension among EFL vocational university students in Taiwan. Ninety-seven non-English major sophomores from two classes participated in this study. These two classes were randomly assigned to the intervention group receiving the TSS instruction and the control group with the traditional instruction. The study also explored the relationship between the students’ identification and employment of rhetorical organisation and the students’ performance in recall protocols. Whether rhetorically different organisations of expository prose would influence the students’ reading comprehension were under exploration as well. What is more, it was examined whether the students’ English reading proficiency level, self-perceived attitudes towards English, or gender would affect their reading comprehension by comparing the intervention group who received the TSS instruction with the control group who received the conventional instruction. In addition, the students’ perception of the text difficulty, differing organisational structures, forms of measurement, and their actual use of the TSS was further scrutinised. The results from the quantitative data indicated that the intervention group receiving the TSS instruction significantly surpassed the control group, who received the conventional instruction, in their written recalls of expository text. It demonstrated the usefulness of directly teaching the TSS in improving the students’ reading comprehension. Considering the qualitative findings, it was revealed that good readers employ the text structure strategy whereas poor readers adopted the default list strategy when approaching text. In addition, it was found that recall protocols may be a better measurement to gauge readers’ actual reading comprehension in place of multiple-choice questions.
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Fell, Michael. "Traitement automatique des langues pour la recherche d'information musicale : analyse profonde de la structure et du contenu des paroles de chansons". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ4017.
Abstract (sommario):
Les applications en Recherche d’Information Musicale et en musicologie computationnelle reposent traditionnellementsur des fonctionnalités extraites du contenu musical sous forme audio, mais ignorent la plupart du temps les paroles des chansons. Plus récemment, des améliorations dans des domaines tels que la recommandation de musique ont été apportées en tenant compte des métadonnées externes liées à la chanson. Dans cette thèse, nous soutenons que l’extraction des connaissances à partir des paroles des chansons est la prochaine étape pour améliorer l’expérience de l’utilisateur lors de l’interaction avec la musique. Pour extraire des connaissances de vastes quantités de paroles de chansons, nous montrons pour différents aspects textuels (leur structure, leur contenu et leur perception) comment les méthodes de Traitement Automatique des Langues peuvent être adaptées et appliquées avec succès aux paroles. Pour l’aspect structurel des paroles, nous en dérivons une description structurelle en introduisant un modèle qui segmente efficacement les paroles en leurs partiescaractéristiques (par exemple, intro, couplet, refrain). Puis, nous représentons le contenu des paroles en résumantles paroles d’une manière qui respecte la structure caractéristique des paroles. Enfin, sur la perception des paroles,nous étudions le problème de la détection de contenu explicite dans un texte de chanson. Cette tâche s’est avèree très difficile et nous montrons que la difficulté provienten partie de la nature subjective de la perception des paroles d’une manière ou d’une autre selon le contexte. De plus, nous abordons un autre problème de perception des paroles en présentant nos résultats préliminaires sur la reconnaissance des émotions. L’un des résultats de cette thèse a été de créer un corpus annoté, le WASABI Song Corpus, un ensemble de données de deux millions de chansons avec des annotations de paroles TAL à différents niveauxApplications in Music Information Retrieval and Computational Musicology have traditionally relied on features extracted from the music content in the form of audio, but mostly ignored the song lyrics. More recently, improvements in fields such as music recommendation have been made by taking into account external metadata related to the song. In this thesis, we argue that extracting knowledge from the song lyrics is the next step to improve the user’s experience when interacting with music. To extract knowledge from vast amounts of song lyrics, we show for different textual aspects (their structure, content and perception) how Natural Language Processing methods can be adapted and successfully applied to lyrics. For the structuralaspect of lyrics, we derive a structural description of it by introducing a model that efficiently segments the lyricsinto its characteristic parts (e.g. intro, verse, chorus). In a second stage, we represent the content of lyrics by meansof summarizing the lyrics in a way that respects the characteristic lyrics structure. Finally, on the perception of lyricswe investigate the problem of detecting explicit content in a song text. This task proves to be very hard and we showthat the difficulty partially arises from the subjective nature of perceiving lyrics in one way or another depending onthe context. Furthermore, we touch on another problem of lyrics perception by presenting our preliminary resultson Emotion Recognition. As a result, during the course of this thesis we have created the annotated WASABI SongCorpus, a dataset of two million songs with NLP lyrics annotations on various levels
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O'Malley, Claire E. "Structure and access : the role of structural factors in text comprehension and information". Thesis, University of Leeds, 1985. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/322/.
Abstract (sommario):
In this thesis it is argued that structural factors play an important role in facilitating the access, comprehension, and recall of textual information, especially when the content of the material is unfamiliar to the reader. A study was made of the effects of manipulating text structure, familiarity of subjects with the text type, familiarity with the content, and instructions given to subjects, on comprehending and recalling information from scientific research reports. The results show that subjects familiar with the text type are able to make use of structure as an encoding strategy, and that the use of this structural strategy improves comprehension and recall when the content is unfamiliar. The study suggests that teaching readers to make use of structure in processing text can facilitate comprehension and recall. These results provide support for previous theories concerning the role of text structure, most of which has focused on narratives, to the neglect of research on expository prose. It is argued that some of the problems involved in the research using narratives, in particular, the problem of the lack of distinction between structural factors and more general knowledge of the content, may be obviated by research with other text types, such as the one used in this study. It is also argued that users of computer-based documentation systems need similar kinds of structural cues for accessing online information as they do for offline text comprehension and retrieval, and that the efficacy and type of such structural cues depends on several factors, such as the task requirement, as well the level of experience of the user. A second study examined the patterns of use of an online documentation system, and showed that users need different forms of organisation of the information as 'access structures, depending on different task requirements. Finally, proposals are made for improving the design of online documentation systems and for conducting future research into the needs of users of such systems.
Libri sul tema "Texte structuré":
1
Popescu, Ioan-Ioviț. The Lambda-structure of texts. Lüdenscheid: RAM-Verlag, 2011.
2
Tavardon, Paul. Le texte alexandrin et le texte occidental des Actes des apôtres: Doublets et variantes de structure. Paris: J. Gabalda, 1997.
3
José, Pereira, a cura di. Hindu theology: Themes, texts and structures. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1991.
4
Skirke, Christian. Structures, stories, images, texts: An exemplification. London: University of East London, 1997.
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Smith, Carlota S. Modes of discourse: The local structure of texts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
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Ablali, Driss. La sémiotique du texte : du discontinu au continu. Paris: Harmattan, 2003.
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Schmitz, Frank. Hanseatisch modern: Texte zu Architektur und Stadtgesellschaft in Hamburg. Berlin: Gebr. Mann, 2019.
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Strier, Richard. Resistant structures: Particularity, radicalism, and Renaissance texts. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995.
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Georgeot, J. M. Évangile selon Saint Marc: Contribution à la Lectio Divina, texte, index, structure du texte, lexique-dictionnaire et notes. [Reiningue, Belgique]: Documentation cistercienne, 1988.
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Ebert, Karen H. The structure of Kiranti languages: Comparative grammar and texts. Zürich: Seminar für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft, Universität Zürich, 1994.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Texte structuré":
1
Firth, Miriam. "Text structure". In Employability and Skills Handbook for Tourism, Hospitality and Events Students, 89–94. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351026949-5.
2
Virtanen, Tuija. "Text structure". In Handbook of Pragmatics, 1–15. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hop.3.tex2.
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Meyer, Bonnie J. F., Gala Campos e Jia Yu. "Text Structure". In The Routledge International Handbook of Research on Writing, 163–83. 2a ed. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429437991-13.
4
Stirling, Colin. "Exposing Structure". In Texts in Computer Science, 163–81. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3550-5_7.
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Grundmann, Marius. "Band Structure". In Graduate Texts in Physics, 139–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13884-3_6.
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Grundmann, Marius. "Band Structure". In Graduate Texts in Physics, 135–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51569-0_6.
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Grundmann, Marius. "Band Structure". In Graduate Texts in Physics, 153–201. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23880-7_6.
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Schoenmaker, Dirk, e Willem Schramade. "Capital Structure". In Springer Texts in Business and Economics, 431–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35009-2_15.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractCapital structure is about the funding side of the company’s balance sheet and enables a better understanding of a company’s risk profile and health. We start from financial capital structure, which concerns the proportions of debt and equity in proportion to each other and the company’s asset base. These can be expressed in ratios such as debt/assets. We then consider theories that explain financial capital structure, such as the Modigliani-Miller (MM) theorems. Subsequently, we consider the capital structures of environmental (E) and social (S) separately. Companies generate assets and liabilities on E and S, as they do on the financial side. The main difference is that it is typically much less clear how strong the claims against the company are, and to what extent they will materialise in financial terms. However, their presence and size give strong indications of additional risk. The analysis of the capital structures of E and S allows us to take the next step, namely the construction of an integrated capital structure, which is the capital structure of F, E, and S combined. As found in Chap. 13 on the cost of integrated capital, liabilities on S and E can make the integrated capital structure riskier than the financial capital structure and raise the cost of integrated capital.
9
Morazán, Marco. "Structures". In Texts in Computer Science, 153–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85091-3_7.
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Mann, William C., e Sandra A. Thompson. "Rhetorical Structure Theory: Description and Construction of Text Structures". In Natural Language Generation, 85–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3645-4_7.
Atti di convegni sul tema "Texte structuré":
1
Chistova, Elena, e Ivan Smirnov. "Discourse-aware text classification for argument mining". In Dialogue. RSUH, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2075-7182-2022-21-93-105.
Abstract (sommario):
We show that using the rhetorical structure automatically generated by the discourse parser is beneficial for paragraph-level argument mining in Russian. First, we improve the structure awareness of the current RST discourse parser for Russian by employing the recent top-down approach for unlabeled tree construction on a paragraph level. Then we demonstrate the utility of this parser in two classification argument mining subtasks of the RuARG-2022 shared task. Our approach leverages a structured LSTM module to compute a text representation that reflects the composition of discourse units in the rhetorical structure. We show that: (i) the inclusion of discourse analysis improves paragraph-level text classification; (ii) a novel TreeLSTM-based approach performs well for the computation of the complex text hidden representation using both a language model and an end-to-end RST parser; (iii) structures predicted by the proposed RST parser reflect the argumentative structures in texts in Russian.
2
Volkov, S., D. Devyatkin e A. Shvets. "MULTI-INSTANCE LEARNING FOR RHETORIC STRUCTURE PARSING". In 9th International Conference "Distributed Computing and Grid Technologies in Science and Education". Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54546/mlit.2021.80.45.001.
Abstract (sommario):
It would be helpful to consider various topic-independent features: syntax, semantics, and discourserelations between text fragments to accurately detect texts containing elements of hatred or enmity.Unfortunately, methods for identifying discourse relations in the texts of social networks are poorlydeveloped. The paper considers the task of classification of discourse relations between two parts ofthe text. The RST Discourse Treebank dataset (LDC2002T07) is used to assess the performance of themethods. Since the size of this dataset is too small for training large language models, the work uses amodel-pre fitting approach. Model pre-fitting is performed on a Reddit user comment dataset. Textsfrom this dataset are labeled automatically. Since automatic labeling is less accurate than manualmarking, we use the multiple-instance learning (MIL) method to train models. A distinctive feature ofmodern language models is the large number of parameters. Using several models at different levels ofsuch a text analyzer requires a lot of resources. Therefore, for the analyzer to work, it is necessary touse high-performance or distributed computing. The use of desktop grid systems can attract andcombine computing resources to solve this type of problem.
3
Dahlman, Britt. "Collectio: a software especially designed for creating dynamic libraries for fluid and multilingual text traditions". In Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024). Linköping University Electronic Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp205008.
Abstract (sommario):
This contribution presents a new software, Collectio, which can be used for creating highly complex relational MySQL databases, or more accurately, dynamic libraries. These libraries prove particularly well-suited for texts where the material has been organized in different ways and thus represents a ‘fluid’ textual tradition, or in traditions transmitted in many languages. So far, two libraries have been created using Collectio: APDB (the Apophthegmata Patrum Database) and HIPPO, which contains pre-modern hippiatric material. The sources included in the libraries are mainly in the form of manuscripts, editions and modern translations. Collectio employs a unique input model, built upon .txt and .csv files stored in an archive in the folder of the library. The contents of the database tables in the master database are generated from these documents. Since not only texts are registered but also the detailed structure and parallel text segments in other sources, both texts and structures can be systematically compared and analysed within and across language boundaries. In addition to the advanced research tools for comparing texts and structures, the application contains search options, indexes of names, places and concepts, metadata on the sources, pre-written SQL commands and more. A new way of encoding text, which can be converted into TEI/XML, is also introduced.
4
Sundararajan, V. "Constructing a Design Knowledge Base Using Natural Language Processing". In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-15276.
Abstract (sommario):
Mechanical engineering, like other engineering disciplines, has witnessed maturation of various aspects of its domain, obsolescence of some areas and a resurgence of others. With a history of over 200 years of continuous research and development, both in academia and industry, the community has generated enormous amounts of design knowledge in the form of texts, articles and design drawings. With the advent of electronics and computer science, several of the classical mechanisms faced obsolescence, but with the emergence of MEMS and nanotechnology, the same designs are facing a resurrection. Research and development in mechanical engineering would derive enormous benefit from a structured knowledge-base of designs and mechanisms. This paper describes a prototype system that synthesizes a knowledge-base of mechanical designs by the processing of the text in engineering descriptions. The goal is to construct a system that stores and catalogs engineering designs, their sub-assemblies and their super-assemblies for the purposes of archiving, retrieval for launching new designs and for education of engineering design. Engineering texts have a relatively clear discourse structure with fewer ambiguities, less stylistic variations and less use of complex figures of speech. The text is first passed through a part-of-speech tagger. The concept of thematic roles is used to link different parts of the sentence. The discourse structure is then taken into account by anaphora resolution. The knowledge is gradually built up through progressive scanning and analysis of text. References, interconnections and attributes are added or deleted based upon the nature, reliability and strength of the new information. Examples of analysis and resulting knowledge structures are presented.
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Gurova, Elena A. "TEXTS ABOUT THE SCIENTIST: THE CONTENT OF THE COMMENTARY IN THE ASPECT OF RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE". In 50th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063183.05.
Abstract (sommario):
The effectiveness of foreign languages teaching (and Russian as a foreign language) is determined, in particular, by the quality of the commentary accompanying the texts used in the educational process. In teaching foreign languages lexical and grammatical commentary is usually used to remove language difficulties, as well as cultural comments on some words and expressions explain to foreign students the specific phenomena of Russian culture. However, difficulties in understanding the text when studying Russian as a foreign language indicate the need to expand both the objects of comment and the content of the comment itself. The solution of this applied problem directly depends on linguistic knowledge that reveals the categories and units of the text, the peculiarities of its semantic composition, the specific speech organization caused by a particular type of text. Texts about scientists are relevant in teaching a foreign language. They showed the relevance of three varieties: 1) texts implementing the semantic model “A person and his actions” (tell about the activities of a scientist); 2) texts implementing the model “A Person and his qualitative characteristics” (express an assessment of the personality of a scientist, convey an opinion about a scientist); 3) texts combining the first two types. This third type usually placed in a more general, abstract context of reasoning (related to a particular problem of scientific activity of a scientist). Commentary as a possible tool for interpreting texts of these types indicates the necessary objects of training commenting, revealing their content in accordance with the text-characteristics of a particular type of text. Comments allow you to introduce lexical and syntactic material that ensures the implementation of author’s intentions, to reveal the information structure of the text, implications, logical and semantic connections of the components of the text structure. As a material for analysis and its interpretation are used: 1) educational text Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev, 2) text fragments from the book by M. Buras Linguists who came from the cold (2022), 3) essay by E. Vodolazkin The Truth about Schliemann (2015). Refs 13.
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Voznesenskaya, Irina M. "TEXTS ABOUT THE SCIENTIST: THE CONTENT OF THE COMMENTARY IN THE ASPECT OF RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE". In 50th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063183.04.
Abstract (sommario):
The effectiveness of foreign languages teaching (and Russian as a foreign language) is determined, in particular, by the quality of the commentary accompanying the texts used in the educational process. In teaching foreign languages lexical and grammatical commentary is usually used to remove language difficulties, as well as cultural comments on some words and expressions explain to foreign students the specific phenomena of Russian culture. However, difficulties in understanding the text when studying Russian as a foreign language indicate the need to expand both the objects of comment and the content of the comment itself. The solution of this applied problem directly depends on linguistic knowledge that reveals the categories and units of the text, the peculiarities of its semantic composition, the specific speech organization caused by a particular type of text. Texts about scientists are relevant in teaching a foreign language. They showed the relevance of three varieties: 1) texts implementing the semantic model “A person and his actions” (tell about the activities of a scientist); 2) texts implementing the model “A Person and his qualitative characteristics” (express an assessment of the personality of a scientist, convey an opinion about a scientist); 3) texts combining the first two types. This third type usually placed in a more general, abstract context of reasoning (related to a particular problem of scientific activity of a scientist). Commentary as a possible tool for interpreting texts of these types indicates the necessary objects of training commenting, revealing their content in accordance with the text-characteristics of a particular type of text. Comments allow you to introduce lexical and syntactic material that ensures the implementation of author’s intentions, to reveal the information structure of the text, implications, logical and semantic connections of the components of the text structure. As a material for analysis and its interpretation are used: 1) educational text Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev, 2) text fragments from the book by M. Buras Linguists who came from the cold (2022), 3) essay by E. Vodolazkin The Truth about Schliemann (2015). Refs 13.
7
"Extracting and Tagging Unstructured Citation of a Hebrew Religious Document". In InSITE 2019: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Jerusalem. Informing Science Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4345.
Abstract (sommario):
Aim/Purpose: Finding and tagging citation on an ancient Hebrew religious document. These documents have no structured citations and have no bibliography. Background: We look for common patterns within Hebrew religious texts. Methodology: We developed a method that goes over the texts and extracts sentences con-taining the names of three famous authors. Within these sentences we find common ways of addressing those three authors and with these patterns we find references to various other authors. Contribution: This type of text is rich in citations and references to authors, but because there is no structure of references it is very difficult for a computer to automatically identify the references. We hope that with the method we have developed it will be easier for a computer to identify references and even turn them into hyper-links. Findings: We have provided an algorithm to solve the problem of non-structured cita-tions in an old Hebrew plain text. The algorithm definitely was able to find many citations but it has missed out some types of citations. Impact on Society: When the computer recognizes references, it will be able to build (at least par-tially) a bibliography that currently does not exist in such texts at all. Over time, OCR scans more and more ancient texts. This method can make people's access and understanding much. Future Research: After we identify the references, we plan to automatically create a bibliography for these texts and even transform those references into hyperlinks.
8
Wang, Tianming, Xiaojun Wan e Shaowei Yao. "Better AMR-To-Text Generation with Graph Structure Reconstruction". In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/542.
Abstract (sommario):
AMR-to-text generation is a challenging task of generating texts from graph-based semantic representations. Recent studies formalize this task a graph-to-sequence learning problem and use various graph neural networks to model graph structure. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that generates texts from AMR graphs while reconstructing the input graph structures. Our model employs graph attention mechanism to aggregate information for encoding the inputs. Moreover, better node representations are learned by optimizing two simple but effective auxiliary reconstruction objectives: link prediction objective which requires predicting the semantic relationship between nodes, and distance prediction objective which requires predicting the distance between nodes. Experimental results on two benchmark datasets show that our proposed model improves considerably over strong baselines and achieves new state-of-the-art.
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Horodecka, Monika. "Offizielle und inoffizielle Formen und Funktionen von Stadttexten aus multimodaler Sicht". In Form und Funktion. University of Ostrava, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15452/fufling2023.12.
Abstract (sommario):
Large billboards, advertisements, traffic signs with text, commercial signs or inscriptions on the walls in cities and towns have the form of multimodal texts. They show a number of formal features that affect the functionality of urban texts. Some of them we pay more attention to, others we overlook. Multimodal texts that are located in a certain urban space and help to shape its entirety are treated in the approach of linguistic landscapes. They influence the communicative perception of a certain space and the identification with this space by different social groups. Since the forms of texts in public space determine their specific functions, I intend to show the common and different functionalities of city texts, starting from the formal structure. The analysis is based on the theoretical approach of media linguistic landscapes by Schmitz (2018) and the analysis model by Androutsopoulos/Kuhlee (2021). The text corpus and individual photos come from Berlin and Dresden (July 2021) as well as Warsaw and Wrocław (May/June 2021).
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Kononenko, I. S., E. A. Sidorova e I. R. Akhmadeeva. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RHETORICAL AND ARGUMENTATIVE STRUCTURES IN THE STUDY OF POPULAR SCIENCE DISCOURSE". In International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intellectual Technologies "Dialogue". Russian State University for the Humanities, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2075-7182-2020-19-432-444.
Abstract (sommario):
The proposed work is performed as a part of an on-going research project aimed at creation of discourse annotated corpus of popular science texts written in Russian. Annotation is carried out within the framework of a multi-level model of discourse, which considers the text from the perspective of genre, rhetorical and argumentative organization. We conduct a comparative study of the rhetorical and argument annotations, discuss their similarities and differences on the segment and structural levels and show them on the examples of standard schemes of reasoning described in D. Walton’s theory of structured argumentation: “Argument from Expert Opinion”, “Argument from Example”, and “Argument from Cause to Effect”. Special attention is paid to discourse markers registered during annotation as key indicators of discourse structure. We report the results of the experiment with argument indicator patterns, based on the list of rhetorical markers, and aimed at the extraction of “from Expert Opinion” arguments.
Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Texte structuré":
1
Miller, Robert C. Lightweight Structure in Text. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, maggio 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada459021.
2
Lebedenko, Nataliia. FUNCTIONS OF PAUSES IN A BROADCAST TEXT (CASE OF A RADIO ESSAY “FOR THOSE WHO ARE NOT SLEEPING”). Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, marzo 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2024.54-55.12148.
Abstract (sommario):
The article explores the importance of pauses in radio broadcasts, specifically in one of 25 radio essays titled “For Those Who Are Not Sleeping” by Yurii Andrukhovych, which opened the project called “Air passion. Radio essays voiced by modern actors” on Kultura radio. The peculiarities of the radio essay intonation have been chosen as the object of the research. The goal of the article is to identify the functions of pauses in the radio essay voiced by its author. To study pauses in the radio essay, the methods of observation (when listening to the radio essay), analysis (when analyzing the functions of pauses in the spoken text), and description (when outlining the role of pauses in the radio text) were used. The research reveals that pauses in spoken texts, particularly in radio essays, are an essential element that contributes to their structure, logic, and expressiveness. Sometimes, pauses also serve as a specific tool for the author. The study shows that pauses are not just a stop in the spoken flow, but an important element that informs the listener about the meaning of what is spoken. The research also highlights the national features of the Ukrainian language in the “For Those Who Are Not Sleeping” radio essay. The pauses in the essay perform several functions, such as making the text more structured by abstracts, sentences, and semantic centers, providing space for reproduction of internoises, identifying logical stresses and varying the speech rate, attracting listeners’ attention, and encouraging them to reflect and act. Future research should focus on studying pauses in journalistic texts of various genres. This will help expand available knowledge and assist future journalists in developing proper text intonation skills. Key words: pause, radio, radio essay, intonation.
3
George, Roy, e Khalil A. Shujaee. Annotating Socio-Cultural Structures in Text. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, ottobre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada586280.
4
Neiderer, Andrew M. Visualization of a Text Network Structure Using X3D. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, maggio 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada482290.
5
Kostoff, Ronald N., e James Hartley. Science and Technology Text Mining: Structured Papers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, gennaio 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada417220.
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Lavoie, Beiioit, Michael White e Tanya Koreisky. Inducing Lexico-Structural Transfer Rules from Parsed Bi-texts. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, gennaio 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada457736.
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Wilde, E. A Media Type Structured Syntax Suffix for JSON Text Sequences. RFC Editor, febbraio 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc8091.
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Tsepkalo, Tetiana. SOCIAL ROLES AND STEREOTYPES OF FEMININITY IN THE ALMANAC «KURIER KRYVBASU». Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, marzo 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2024.54-55.12172.
Abstract (sommario):
The subject of this research is the social roles and stereotypes of femininity in the almanac «Kurier Kryvbasu». The aim of the study is to conduct a systematic analysis of gender stereotypes of femininity in the literary almanac. The article employs the following methods: theoretical – for studying gender theory, stereotyping, and their application in the analysis of the content of the periodical; systemic-structural analysis – for conducting a systematic analysis of the social roles of femininity in the almanac «Kurier Kryvbasu»; structural-typological – for studying the content and structure of the literary almanac; descriptive method - for interpreting women’s roles and stereotypes. Main findings. The role of gender stereotypes in representing women in the media texts of contemporary Ukrainian writers in the pages of the periodical almanac «Kurier Kryvbasu» has been elucidated. A systematic analysis of feminine social roles, including the beautiful woman, the businesswoman, the happy woman, the sex symbol, and the wife-mother, is presented. The social roles and stereotypes of femininity in the literary almanac «Kurier Kryvbasu» are interpreted according to the classification of G. Kovalova and V. Danilyan. Conclusions. In the almanac «Kurier Kryvbasu», entrenched perceptions regarding women’s model appearance, their frivolity and accessibility, professional inferiority, sexual objectification, competent housekeeping, maternal duties, and the pursuit of illusory «female happiness» in the form of marriage, family, and children are used. However, a trend of feminist rise is observed, where the pages of the magazine describe women’s career successes, self-actualization, participation in military actions, etc. Significance. The analysis of gender stereotypes, both femininity and masculinity, in Ukrainian literary-artistic periodicals is important for the development of the contemporary media sphere, as such research will encourage editorial teams to direct media content towards gender balance and gender equality. Key words: gender stereotypes, social role, femininity, journal, literary magazine, media text.
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Bilovska, Natalia. TACTICS OF APPROACHING THE AUTHOR CLOSER TO THE READER: INTERACTIVE COOPERATION. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, febbraio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11408.
Abstract (sommario):
The article clarifies the features of interactive relationships, which are modeled by the addresser of modern media text for maximum impact on the addressee. The author controls the perception of the text, focusing on linguistic competence and an objective picture of the reader’s world. A pragmatic approach to journalistic text makes it possible to identify explicit and implicit forms of dialogue: modeling feedback and interactive settings that can turn a hypothetical reader into a real one, adapting to the addressee’s language thesaurus. Discursive openness to the exchange of views with the addressee leads to the fact that the entire media text becomes a guarantee of commonality of addresser-addressee interpretations. The difference between the addresser and the addressee is minimized, their connection is strengthened through the combination of linguistic consciousness, which, in turn, forms a special structure and semantics of the journalistic text, in which the emphasis is not on I but on the Other. The addressee in some implicit or explicit form is always in all segments of the media text, and the author establishes a trusting relationship with the reader through the phatic linguistic means that the addressee relates to himself. Approaching the addressee is a sign of modern journalistic texts, which show a tendency to dialogue and democratization of forms of mass communication, and their characteristic feature is the actualization in the center of attention of the addressee, latent (mediated by written text) dialogue with which is modeled as real. The addressee in the process of establishing contact with the author of the media text also becomes the part of broad cognitive space. This opportunity is realized if the journalist has different types of competence – communicative and procedural, that is, is able to compare their own thesaurus, their own knowledge with the thesaurus and the picture of the world of his reader. Modern journalism is characterized by the search for contact with the addressee and new effective models of influence and intimacy of relationships that contribute to the creation of a single cognitive space for both, which, in turn, will allow the recipient to move from knowledge to understanding.
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Dodele, Kathryn. Approaches to composition in selected directing texts: a structural analysis and assessment. Portland State University Library, gennaio 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2467.