Articoli di riviste: "Temporary measures"

1

Miller, Johanna L. "A graphene temporary tattoo measures blood pressure". Physics Today 75, n. 9 (1 settembre 2022): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/pt.3.5076.

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Kots, Tetyana. "Axiological and temporary measures of linguist norm". Ukrainska mova, n. 4 (2017): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ukrmova2017.04.042.

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Thodi, Chryssoula, e Donald Gans. "Temporary threshold shift: Peripheral and central measures". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 95, n. 5 (maggio 1994): 2843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.409576.

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Kljajić, Maja, Marija Kostić e Vule Mizdraković. "The blacklist of legal entities: The importance of administrative authorities in creating a favourable business environment in the Serbian market". Nauka bezbednost policija 26, n. 3 (2021): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/nabepo26-34409.

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With the view to creating a favourable business environment and legal security in the market of the Republic of Serbia, a single and centralized register of business entities has been created, in which data on measures of temporary restriction are recorded. These measures are based on acts of courts, the central bank, the Tax Administration and other competent authorities. The research was conducted on a sample of 1,595 observation units (measures imposed on active business entities) found in the database of active measures of temporary restrictions and published on the website of the Business Registers Agency. The research spanned over almost five years (from 2017 until the first half of 2021). The results of the research show that a total of 1,422 measures of temporary restrictions were imposed by various decision-makers. From the aspect of administrative bodies and courts, a total of 384 measures were imposed in the observed period. The Tax Administration imposed the largest number of temporary restriction measures, with a share of almost 34% of the observed sample. Out of eight potential measures, the results of the research show that two measures of temporary restrictions are imposed in practice, of which the measure preventing the disposal of funds is present in 92.26% of cases. Starting from the main research question - Is there a positive influence of analysed measures to macroeconomic performance measured by GDP?, panel regression has been conducted on 1,276 observation units and results show that there is a positive relation between the number of issued measures of temporary restriction of entities from different sectors and the amount of Gross Domestic Product from 2017 to 2020 respectively.

5

Omeziri, Eric, e Christopher Gore. "Temporary Measures: Canadian Refugee Policy and Environmental Migration". Refuge: Canada's Journal on Refugees 29, n. 2 (26 febbraio 2014): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.38166.

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In 2010, 42 million people worldwide were displaced from their homes as the result of environmental factors. These “environmental migrants” lack international recognition and have no recourse to the protections of the international refugee regime. Given Canada’s history of international refugee resettlement, this paper examines Canada’s past and potential response to environmental migrants. Evidence reveals that the Canadian government relies on ad hoc, temporary measures, and that clear, long-term policy measures for issues surrounding forced migration due to environmental events are unlikely. The implications of this outcome are discussed, providing observations and lessons for researchers and advocates of migration rights.

6

Gans, Donald P. "Behavioral and physiological measures of temporary threshold shift". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 79, S1 (maggio 1986): S49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2023252.

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Perez-Lopez, Jorge F. "Case for a GATT Code on Temporary Measures". World Economy 12, n. 1 (marzo 1989): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.1989.tb00463.x.

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Kushnir, Yaroslav. "COUNTERING TEMPORARY OCCUPATION: INTERNATIONAL ASPECT, FOREIGN EXPERIENCE, AND NATIONAL REALITIES". Law Journal of Donbass 74, n. 1 (2021): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32366/2523-4269-2021-74-1-10-19.

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This article provides a comprehensive study in areas of counteraction to the temporarily occupied territories of a sovereign state. Regulations, doctrinal approaches, international experience serve as a subject to this study in the context of a set of functional national activities of states that have faced the issue of territories’ separation. Particular attention is paid to foreign experience in counteracting the temporary occupation through the prism of the Republic of Cyprus which held an activity to counter the so-called Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, as one of the most successful examples of confrontation with the temporarily occupied territories for a long time and comparing Ukraine's activities in this field. To this end, the author conducts a comprehensive analysis of measures aimed at combating the spread and recognition of the temporarily occupied territories of the Republic of Cyprus, as well as the scientific achievements of international scientists who have studied this issue. Analyzing these objects, the author carries out the qualification based on the criteria of differentiation of measures accepted by foreign scientists and determines which measures were implemented to solve the same problem in Ukraine. Given the personal experience of operational and service activities of the author and a deep awareness of this topic, it is proposed to expand the generally accepted areas of counteraction. The author provides the grounding of additional direction on how to counter the expansion and recognition of the Ukrainian temporarily occupied territories, disclosing a complex of measures which were, and can be introduced for its realization. The result of this study is the formation of the author's approach to defining the complex concept of «counteraction to temporary occupation», the formation of a list of national measures to combat the temporarily occupied territories, and their classification, as well as proposals for the most effective countermeasures and their further use in law enforcement.

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Sekiguchi, Minoru, Nozomu Taniguchi e Kaoru Kobayashi. "Measures to Improve Seismic Resistance by Fuse Mechanism in Pier Structures". ce/papers 6, n. 3-4 (settembre 2023): 2249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2372.

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AbstractIn Japan, temporary pier structures are designed to withstand earthquakes in consideration of their short service life, and seismic inputs exceeding the design are also expected. In order to confirm the deformation behavior of the fuse mechanism in this temporary pier structure, a fundamental study was conducted using a model specimen. The strength test results showed that the fuse mechanism behaved similar to a rigid body, and then the mortar fuse failed. After the failure of the mortar fuse, the reaction force was generated by the addition of the residual bearing capacity of the mortar fuse and the reaction force of the coil spring. The dynamic loading test results showed that the CFT columns contacted the remaining portion of the fuse after the mortar fuse ruptured, temporarily increasing the maximum response acceleration to 35 m/s2, but the response period became longer, indicating the deformation behavior of the fuse mechanism. In addition, the maximum load of the mortar fuse mechanism and the natural period after the mortar fuse rupture were calculated from the design values of the mortar fuse strength and the spring constant of the coil spring.

10

Dishon, Nadav. "Temporary Constitutional Amendments as a Means to Undermine the Democratic Order: Insights from the Israeli Experience". Israel Law Review 51, n. 3 (24 ottobre 2018): 389–425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002122371800016x.

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This article focuses on the adoption of temporary measures within the generally rigid constitutional sphere. Commentators frequently contemplate the extent to which temporary constitutional measures are adequate and necessary within a constitution that is meant to be perpetuated. Some writers are in favour of temporary constitutionalism, claiming that it allows flexibility and relieves the counter-majoritarian problem. Others emphasise the devastating impact of intense implementation of temporary measures on the status and legitimacy of the constitution.The article contends that as beneficial as temporary constitutionalism may be in some circumstances, its use should be scrutinised with great suspicion, especially when it is employed in weak constitutional regimes. In outlining the history of temporary constitutionalism in the State of Israel, the article illustrates how temporary constitutional amendments can be harnessed to undermine the democratic order. The Israeli use of temporary constitutionalism since 2009 reveals a new under-explored manifestation of ‘abusive constitutionalism’, referred to here as ‘abusive temporary constitutionalism’. With abusive temporary constitutionalism, incumbents can entrench their power against their opponents while avoiding both public accountability and judicial review of their actions. Drawing on the Israeli experience, the article outlines several signifiers (i.e. distinctive markers) which will allow judges in the future to monitor and suppress the development of the abusive employment of temporary constitutional amendments.

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Kaskova, L. F., e M. O. Sadovski. "RESULTS OF PREVENTIVE MEASURES IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN". Ukrainian Dental Almanac, n. 1 (23 marzo 2023): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.1.2023.14.

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The prevalence and intensity of the carious process increases with age and leads to disorders of the maxillofacial area due to the formation of incorrect functions (chewing, speech) that occur as a result of the destruction and early removal of temporary teeth in children. Filling of molars fissures, which involves isolating the most vulnerable areas of the occlusal surface from the action of external cariogenic factors, occupies a prominent place among various methods of caries prevention in terms of effectiveness. 60 children at the age of 3 year were examined, who were divided into three groups according to the additional preventive measures. In the 3-rd group, the fissures of the temporary molars were filled using glass ionomer cement FUJI TRIAGE (GC, Japan). In the second group, the preventive method was deep fluoridation of temporary molar fissures with the “Emalsealing liquid” (Humanchemie, Germany). First group included control group, whose children were proposed to follow these recommendations regarding individual hygiene and healthy nutrition. The first examination after 6 months revealed that caries appeared in all groups of children, but the rate varied and was the lowest one in the group that underwent fissure filling. After 12, 18 and 24 months, the caries rate increased in each examination group. The greatest increase in caries after 2 years was observed in 1st group, whose children were given recommendations for individual hygiene and healthy nutrition. In group 2, where deep fluoridation was performed, carious teeth were 1.3 times less than in group 1. The lowest rate was found in group 3, where fissures of temporary molars were filled (2.8 times lower than in group 1 and 2.2 times lower than in group 2). The greatest effect of the performed method of prevention was found in group 2, where deep fluoridation was performed, the smallest in group 1. Compared with molars, the filling method was the most effective. Deep fluoridation had some effect compared to group 1, where general measures were prescribed, but it was 2.9 times worse than in the 3rd group.

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Asfour, Omar S. "Proposed Measures to Protect Temporary Roofs from Unwanted Heat Gains". Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems 5, n. 2 (giugno 2017): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.13044/j.sdewes.d5.0142.

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Li, Yingfeng, e Yong Bai. "Effectiveness of temporary traffic control measures in highway work zones". Safety Science 47, n. 3 (marzo 2009): 453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2008.06.006.

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Ayu Permatasari, Cintya Sekar, e Octa Nadia Mellynda. "Temporary Measures on Bankruptcy: Alternatives to the Moratorium on Act 37/2004 in Resolving Indonesian Bankruptcy During the COVID-19 Pandemic". Lex Scientia Law Review 5, n. 2 (29 novembre 2021): 19–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v5i2.50600.

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The high number of bankruptcies in Indonesia, which increased to 54% in the pandemic era, had negative impacts on the economic ecosystem in Indonesia. A regulation is needed that can reduce the number of bankruptcies, in which the moratorium of Act 37/2004 is a discourse that will be predicted as the main solution. The moratorium of Act 37/2004 with its weaknesses has been rejected by many parties, so this research will offer a more appropriate alternative solution in the form of setting temporary measures on bankruptcy. This study seeks to describe the urgency and prospects of the presence of temporary measures on bankruptcy in Indonesia and recommend the regulation and implementation of temporary measures on bankruptcy in Indonesia. This legal research is normative legal research with data obtained from library research analyzed descriptive-qualitatively. The results of the study indicate that the moratorium of Act 37/2004 does not provide fair benefits for debtors and creditors in resolving bankruptcy problems so that it will actually hinder investment in Indonesia. Temporary measures on bankruptcy is an alternative that fills the absence of law in Indonesia regarding provision to bankruptcy relaxation. These measures provide fair benefits for both parties while still being able to file for bankruptcy but with a certain threshold and stimulus. Seeing the success of temporary measures on bankruptcy in various countries in reducing the number of bankruptcies, Indonesia needs to immediately implement the same thing in the Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang (PERPU).

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Eftekhari, Helen. "Temporary pacing: an overview". British Journal of Cardiac Nursing 16, n. 9 (2 settembre 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2021.0080.

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This article will review pacing in the context of acute care, with a focus on temporary pacing. Beginning with an overview of the heart's intrinsic electrical conduction system and its function, the discussion moves on to pacing, acute clinical presentations and indications for pacing. This includes an overview of temporary pacing, with the different approaches being percussion, transcutaneous, transvenous and epicardial. There are specific cardiac patient groups at high risk of developing bradyarrhythmias and, in the absence of other measures, potentially requiring emergency pacing. These groups include patients who have experienced a myocardial infarction following cardiac surgery and post transcatheter aortic valve implant. Nurses providing care for patients with temporary transvenous wires need an understanding of the potential complications and to recognise indications for moving on to a permanent pacing system.

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ARAI, Minami, e Kanako UENO. "STUDY ON SOUND ENVIRONMENT AND OPERATIONAL MEASURES IN TEMPORARY SCHOOL BUILDING". AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 28, n. 69 (20 giugno 2022): 709–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.28.709.

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Mullen, Kane. "Temporary Measures: Women Computers at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, 1890–1895". Journal for the History of Astronomy 51, n. 1 (febbraio 2020): 88–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021828620901358.

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Between 1890 and 1895, five women “computers” were hired to work at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, one of the world’s leading observatories at the time. Caroline Herschel notwithstanding, these women were the very first in Britain to be paid for astronomical observation. They were hired as supernumerary computers – normally a temporary position reserved for young schoolboys. Instead of adhering to the usual strict regimen of astronomical calculations, the women at Greenwich functioned much more as astronomers. They observed with telescopes, engaged in original research, and even published their findings. This paper examines how exactly this occurred at a time when women remained excluded from professional observation elsewhere. It engages original archival research in combination with the Greenwich published literature to shed light on a little-known story that reveals how women in Britain first came to be paid as professional astronomers.

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Fouratt, Caitlin E. "Temporary Measures: The Production of Illegality in Costa Rican Immigration Law". PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review 39, n. 1 (maggio 2016): 144–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/plar.12136.

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Vukelja, Petar, Radomir Naumov, Mitko Vucinic e Jovan Mrvic. "Experimental investigations of temporary over voltages". Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 15, n. 3 (2002): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee0203409v.

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In this paper experimentally determined temporary over voltages in the electrical power system of Yugoslavia due to: earth faults, load droppings performances with incomplete phases, Ferranti effects, switching-in unloaded transformers, energizations of overhead lines terminated with unloaded transformers and another switching operations are considered. On the basis of their analysis, the measures and the means for their reduction and prevention are given.

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Trufanova, Valentina P., Olha V. Sheshukova, Natalia A. Lyakhova, Tetiana V. Polishchuk, Sofia S. Bauman e Stanislav O. Stavytskyi. "DETERMINATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF ACUTE INJURY OF TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT FRONTAL TEETH IN CHILDREN, ANALYSIS OF DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT MEASURES AND THEIR EFFECTS". Wiadomości Lekarskie 73, n. 4 (2020): 737–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202004121.

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The aim: To determine the structure of acute injuries of temporary and permanent frontal teeth in children, to analyze the applied diagnostic and treatment measures for acute tooth trauma and to investigate their effectiveness. Materials and methods: The subject of the study were 31 children aged 2-12 years with acute temporary and permanent tooth trauma. Methods: clinical (radiological, thermodiagnosis), medical and statistical. Results: The number of injured permanent teeth was greater than the number of injured temporary teeth. The pattern of temporary and permanent tooth injuries differed, so in temporary teeth dislocations were observed, and in permanent teeth fractures prevailed over dislocations. In our opinion, this is due to the peculiarities of the anatomy of the temporary teeth. Usually, the therapeutic tactics of acute temporary teeth injuries is to remove them, despite their important role in the growth and development of jaws, physiological formation and eruption of permanent teeth. The therapeutic tactics of dynamic observation in the case of intrusive dislocation of the temporary tooth were selected in the clinic of the Department of Pediatric Dentistry. In some cases, with a slight change in the position of the temporary tooth, self-regulation of its position was observed, in other cases the tooth remained dystopic, but its viability remained in 50% of cases. Therapeutic tactics of acute injuries of permanent teeth were selected according to the type of trauma. In the case of permanent tooth dislocation, with a slight change in its position, tooth immobilization was carried out by splinting with fiberglass tape and photopolymer composite material. Conclusions: Our observations have shown that the complex of modern specialized medical care for the affected children with acute traumatic injuries of the teeth should be guided by their preservation, which ensures the subsequent normal formation of the dental-jaw apparatus. To ensure these conditions, a long, reliable immobilization of the damaged tooth is required as soon as possible after injury.

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Samokhvalov, I. M., M. B. Borisov, V. V. Denisenko, A. R. Grebnev e E. V. Ganin. "Temporary Noninvasive Pelvic Stabilization". Vestnik travmatologii i ortopedii imeni N.N. Priorova, n. 1 (30 marzo 2014): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32414/0869-8678-2014-1-6-11.

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Pelvic ring stabilization is the basic emergency care measure in unstable pelvic injuries. The purpose of the work was to determine the efficacy of pelvic bandage in patients with unstable pelvic fractures and persistent intrapelvic hemorrhage. Thirty seven patients were divided into 2 groups. In study group (n=19) primary pelvic stabilization was performed using extempore pelvic bandage; in patients from control group (n=18) external fixation devices were applied. Duration of pelvic fixation procedure, hemodynamics and quality of reposition were assessed. Duration of pelvic bandage application was significantly lower than that required for pelvic external fixation - 2.4±0.8 min versus 29±3.2 min. That advantage enabled to use the bandage before the diagnosis was completed and other injuries were eliminated - in 6.0±2.1 min after patient’s admission while the time before the application of external fixation device made up 86.0±5.6 min ( p < 0.001). Application of pelvic bandage enabled to stabilize blood pressure in the course diagnostic and treatment measures. In some cases pelvic roentgenography revealed excessive internal rotation when bandage was applied. So, application of pelvic bandage is a simple, effective, rapid method for temporary pelvic fixation.

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Samokhvalov, I. M., M. B. Borisov, V. V. Denisenko, A. R. Grebnev e E. V. Ganin. "Temporary Noninvasive Pelvic Stabilization". N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 21, n. 1 (15 marzo 2014): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto2014016-11.

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Pelvic ring stabilization is the basic emergency care measure in unstable pelvic injuries. The purpose of the work was to determine the efficacy of pelvic bandage in patients with unstable pelvic fractures and persistent intrapelvic hemorrhage. Thirty seven patients were divided into 2 groups. In study group (n=19) primary pelvic stabilization was performed using extempore pelvic bandage; in patients from control group (n=18) external fixation devices were applied. Duration of pelvic fixation procedure, hemodynamics and quality of reposition were assessed. Duration of pelvic bandage application was significantly lower than that required for pelvic external fixation - 2.4±0.8 min versus 29±3.2 min. That advantage enabled to use the bandage before the diagnosis was completed and other injuries were eliminated - in 6.0±2.1 min after patient’s admission while the time before the application of external fixation device made up 86.0±5.6 min ( p < 0.001). Application of pelvic bandage enabled to stabilize blood pressure in the course diagnostic and treatment measures. In some cases pelvic roentgenography revealed excessive internal rotation when bandage was applied. So, application of pelvic bandage is a simple, effective, rapid method for temporary pelvic fixation.

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Maryn, Youri, Andrzej Zarowski e Natalie Loomans. "Exploration of the Influences of Temporary Velum Paralysis on Auditory-Perceptual, Acoustic, and Tomographical Markers". Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 64, n. 11 (8 novembre 2021): 4149–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00587.

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Purpose To better understand hypernasality (HN), we explored the relations between velopharyngeal orifice, auditory perception of HN, and acoustic-spectral measures in an in vivo within-subject design: (a) with a normally functioning velum as the control condition and (b) with a temporarily paralyzed velum as the experimental condition. Method The velum of eight volunteers was injected with ropivacaine hydrochloride (Naropin) in the area of the levator veli palatini and tensor veli palatini muscles to induce temporary velopharyngeal inadequacy (VPI) and HN. Sustained [a] and [i] and oronasal text readings were recorded, and 3D cone-beam computed tomography images of the vocal tract were built before and during velar anesthesia. Differences between conditions and correlations in normal-to-numb differences between velopharyngeal cross-sectional area (VP area ), mean ratings of HN severity, and nine acoustic-spectral measures were determined. Results Three subjects already had some incomplete velopharyngeal closure in the control condition. Temporary motor nerve blockage of the velum (increased VP area ) was accomplished in seven subjects, leading to increased HN and changes in three acoustic-spectral measures. Furthermore, significant correlations only emerged between VP area , HN, and Model Kataoka . Conclusions In most of the participants, it was possible to temporarily increase the velopharyngeal orifice to investigate HN while controlling other speech variables and cephalic morphology. Although this study was exploratory and its are findings preliminary, it provided additional evidence for the possible clinical value of Model Kataoka , A 3 – P 0 , and B F 1 for the objective measurement of VPI or HN.

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Penman, Stephen H., e Xiao-Jun Zhang. "Accounting Conservatism, the Quality of Earnings, and Stock Returns". Accounting Review 77, n. 2 (1 aprile 2002): 237–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2002.77.2.237.

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When a firm practices conservative accounting, changes in the amount of its investments can affect the quality of its earnings. Growth in investment reduces reported earnings and creates reserves. Reducing investment releases those reserves, increasing earnings. If the change in investment is temporary, then current earnings is temporarily depressed or inflated, and thus is not a good indicator of future earnings. This study develops diagnostic measures of this joint effect of investment and conservative accounting. We find that these measures forecast differences in future return on net operating assets relative to current return on net operating assets. Moreover, these measures also forecast stock returns—indicating that investors do not appreciate how conservatism and changes in investment combine to raise questions about the quality of reported earnings.

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Chauhan, Chitra, Rashmi Chauhan, Seema Awasthi, S. Dutta e Himanshu Joshi. "Pattern and outcome of donor deferral -? need of hour". International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, n. 1 (23 dicembre 2017): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20175736.

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Background: To analyze various reasons for blood donor deferral and to study its long term impact on potential prospective blood donors.Methods: A total of 26029, otherwise healthy, prospective blood donors were studied retrospectively over a period of 5 years. WHO blood donor selection criteria and counseling guidelines were used for donor selection. Donor deferral data was evaluated with respect to age, sex and cause of deferral which was further analyzed as temporary or permanent deferral.Results: 1448 (5.56%) blood donors were deferred for various reasons. 1232 (4.89%) of total male donors and 216 (26.83%) of total female blood donors were deferred.1378 (95.16%) donors were deferred on temporary basis and only 70 (4.84 %) donors were permanently deferred. Anemia (42.26%) was observed to be the most common cause of temporary donor deferral while hypertension with cardiac disorder (1.93%) was the most common cause of permanent deferral. All the temporary deferred donors (1378) were called after the period of deferment. Out of total 1378 temporarily deferred donors, only 129 donors returned later for voluntary donation.Conclusions: Establishment of effective measures is needed in regard to consider the effect of donor deferrals on future availability of donor and donor return and to monitor necessity and effectiveness of deferrals and their reasons. As percentage of temporary deferral is higher, they should be efficiently managed, counseled, educated and encouraged for future donation which can compensate the increasing demand of blood donors.

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Antón Antón, Álvaro. "Are the Windfall Profit Taxes Introduced by Regulation 2022/1854 Compatible with the Objectives of the European Green Deal?" Intertax 51, Issue 11 (1 novembre 2023): 741–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2023069.

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To alleviate the pressure on households and businesses in the European Union (EU) caused by the recent energy crisis, EU institutions and Member States have implemented exceptional measures aimed at reducing electricity costs for consumers, and redistributing excess revenue from the energy sector to end customers. At the EU level, these measures have been implemented through European Council Regulation 2022/1854 that establishes a temporary income cap for ‘inframarginal’ electricity producers and a temporary solidarity contribution on windfall profits in the oil, gas, coal, and refining sectors. This goal of this article is to analyse these measures in terms of their impact and alignment with the objectives of the European Green Deal. Specifically, it will examine whether the ‘windfall profit tax for energy providers’ can be considered an environmental tax. Since this does not appear to be the case, the study will also evaluate whether the remaining measures outlined in the regulation can compensate for or mitigate the lack of a true environmental component in the ‘temporary solidarity contribution’. It will assess whether the compensation mechanisms provided by the EU Regulation are sufficient for reconciling the social and redistributive objectives with the environmental objectives of the European Green Deal. Windfall profit tax, regulation 2022/1854, European Green Deal, temporary solidarity contribution, excess profit tax, environmental taxation.

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Zozulia, Oleksandr. "Principles and procedure for forming temporary investigation commissions of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine". Constitutional and legal academic studies, n. 1 (11 ottobre 2021): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2663-5399.2021.1.09.

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Realization an investigation by temporary investigative commissions of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is one of the leading forms of parliamentary control in Ukraine. Nevertheless, their legal framework still needs to be improved, and parliamentary investigations are relatively infrequent with insufficient efficiency. In this regard, there is a need to study the current legal framework for the formation of temporary investigative commissions. The purpose of the work is an in-depth analysis of the principles and procedure for forming temporary investigative commissions of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, determination their essence and features, as well as substantiation the priority directions for improving the constitutional and legal framework of their organization and activities. Methods. To solve the problems of the research, a number of methods of scientific knowledge were used, including formal-legal method, which determined the current state and problems of legal regulation of the formation of temporary investigative commissions. System-structural method – the unity and interrelation of the procedure of formation and termination of powers of temporary investigative commissions, staffing of their personnel are characterized; logical-semantic method – the essence of the grounds for the formation of temporary investigative commissions is revealed. Results. It is established that the formation of temporary investigative commissions for investigation certain «issues of public interest» allows to take into account the variability of such public interest and the objective impossibility of its exhaustive legal definition. However, this does not preclude the abuse of the right to form temporary investigative commissions in the absence of established parliamentary practice, traditions and political culture. The formation of the staff of the temporary investigative commissions based on proportional representation of each parliamentary faction (group) provides a majority in the temporary investigative commissions to the parliamentary coalition, which may be disinterested in conducting a thorough parliamentary investigation. Conclusions. It is substantiated that the development of constitutional and legal bases for the formation of temporary investigative commissions of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine should include expansion of constitutional guarantees for the formation of temporary investigative commissions and clarification of issues that cannot be the subject of parliamentary investigation. Other measures should be bringing the rules of procedure of the parliament in line with the relevant Law of Ukraine, taking into account the modern parliamentary practice of Ukraine and the experience of democratic countries, as well as application of disciplinary measures to members of the temporary investigative commission in case it fails to submit a report. It is also advisable prohibition of conducting parliamentary investigations into issues pending before the court, guaranteeing the opposition at least half of the seats in the temporary investigative commission, as well as legislative establishment of its minimum and maximum quantitative composition. The following measures should be establishing requirements for the professionalism and competence of the members of the temporary investigative commission and prohibition of combining senior positions in temporary commissions and committees of parliament.

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Lee, Jae-Hun, e Seok-Heon Yoon. "Improvement measures through case analysis of collapse with scaffolding and temporary structures". Journal of Next-generation Convergence Technology Association 3, n. 3 (30 settembre 2019): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33097/jncta.2019.03.03.116.

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Tarasova TN, Suslin SA, Barinova ZhV e Bochkareva MN. "Morbidity with temporary disability among the working population of the Samara region: status and structure analysis". Science and Innovations in Medicine 4, n. 2 (30 luglio 2019): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.35693/2500-1388-2019-4-2-53-57.

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Objectives – to analyze the incidence and structure of morbidity with temporary disability among the working population of the Samara region in the period of 2013–2018. Material and methods.The assessment of the temporary disability was carried out according to the scale " Estimation of morbidity with temporary disability (MTD) rate according to E.L. Notkin", which estimates the "proportion of sick persons" in the total number of working people. Results.The rate of the morbidity with temporary disability was assessed in terms of quality, including the data on the variations of frequency and duration of temporary disability during the study period. Conclusion.The analysis of the incidence rate with temporary disability allows to develop a set of measures for its prevention and reduction, not only in an individual area, but in the whole territory.

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Bush, Harriet. "The Video Camera Surveillance (Temporary Measures) Act 2011: An Unprecedented Licence to Search". Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 44, n. 1 (1 maggio 2013): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v44i1.5003.

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This article examines the Video Camera Surveillance (Temporary Measures) Act 2011 which was passed as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in the case Hamed v R. This Act provided that a search was not unlawful simply because video surveillance was used. The article explores the previous court decisions on the lawfulness of police use of covert video surveillance in order to ascertain whether the premise upon which the Act was based, that video surveillance was lawful before Hamed v R, was correct. It then looks at the ratio decidendi of Hamed v R and the potential wider implications of this judgment. Finally, it assesses the state of the law under the Video Camera Surveillance (Temporary Measures) Act and whether this Act limited the right to be free from unreasonable search and seizure which is contained in s 21 of the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990.

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Brungart, Douglas S., Mary E. Barrett, Jaclyn Schurman, Benjamin Sheffield, Leilani Ramos, Roberta Martorana e Hector Galloza. "Relationship Between Subjective Reports of Temporary Threshold Shift and the Prevalence of Hearing Problems in Military Personnel". Trends in Hearing 23 (gennaio 2019): 233121651987260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331216519872601.

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Traditional hearing conservation programs are based on the premise that noise dose, as measured by the time-weighted average noise level, is the primary risk factor associated with occupational hearing loss and that permanent threshold shifts are the most relevant outcome measures for determining when a noise-related hearing loss has occurred. However, recent studies in animal models have suggested that significant neurological damage to the hearing system can occur from noise exposures even when they are not severe enough to result in permanent threshold shifts. This has led to a number of studies attempting to relate subjective measures of noise exposure to subjective measures of hearing difficulty and suprathreshold measures of hearing performance (e.g., speech-in-noise tests). In this study, 3,330 U.S. service members volunteered to complete a survey on noise exposure, subjective hearing complaints, and tinnitus in conjunction with their annual hearing tests. Two questions were also included about the frequency and duration of temporary hearing losses that may have been experienced by the service member. The results show that subjective reports of temporary threshold shifts were substantially more predictive of tinnitus and other hearing complaints than more traditional questions based on the frequency of noise exposure.

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Predojević-Despić, Jelena. "Labour migration, COVID-19 pandemic and the Western Balkans: Measures to encourage temporary, circular and return migration". Demografija, n. 18 (2021): 71–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/demografija2118071p.

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The aim of this paper is to consider measures that contribute to the regulation of temporary and circular migration, as well as reintegration in the countries of the Western Balkans, which have long faced numerous and diverse challenges of labor emigration. Immediately after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, a large number of migrant workers returned to the countries of the Western Balkans. Migrant workers, especially those who are staying abroad temporarily, have faced sudden and numerous migration challenges, but they also want to return to work abroad as soon as the conditions are met. Therefore, in order to improve the position and protect the rights of international migrants as efficiently as possible in the future, it is necessary to develop measures that can complement the activities of the Western Balkan countries to regulate and encourage temporary and circular migration, as well as reintegration of migrant workers upon return. This is particularly important in the context of the complex challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, as the contribution of both highly-skilled and low-skilled foreign workers has been shown to be an integral part of the sustainability of the state system in immigration countries. They will increasingly direct immigration policies towards measures to attract the necessary foreign workers. Therefore, emigration countries should work on improving legislation, developing inter-institutional cooperation and strengthening the capacity of actors at both national and local levels of government and building an approach that includes cooperation of whole of government approach, including the scientific and civil sector. After the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, it was shown that migration policy should rapidly develop measures that reduce the costs and negative effects of migration to the lowest possible level, both for migrants and their families who often remain in the country of origin.

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Gowda, Vinaya. "My experience as a long COVID patient: “Long COVID,” a hidden pandemic and the possible solution". Medicine India 1 (18 gennaio 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/medindia_2_2021.

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Objectives: To create awareness about long COVID through personal experience as it is less understood, given the nature of the disease and to suggest possible solution until the definitive measures. Materials and Methods: I self-analyzed my symptoms and tried treatment methods over 5 months of long COVID phase which apparently started after COVID vaccination. Results: I noticed subtle improvement in overall symptoms and significant change in neuropsychiatric symptoms such as anxiety, depression, paresthesia, and headache with antihistamines albeit temporarily. Conclusion: Antihistamines may give temporary relief from the long COVID symptoms.

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LEGAULT, Marie-josée. "L'approche différenciée á la dure école de l'ancienneté". Management international 7, n. 1 (2002): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.59876/a-dre4-57s8.

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The seniority systems that govern the bestowal of several of the advantages fought for in the unionized labour environment have differentiated effects on men and women. Although temporary preferential measures might be put in place to combat the effect of the systemic discrimination in certain hiring practices, seniority systems cannot be partially or temporarily suspended for the same reasons. Several factors stand in the way of adopting a mainstreaming approach with respect to seniority, and this leads us to the area of union culture and present-day transformations in the labour market. [PUBLICATION]

35

Charles-Edwards, Elin, Martin Bell, Radoslaw Panczak e Jonathan Corcoran. "A Framework for Official Temporary Population Statistics". Journal of Official Statistics 36, n. 1 (1 marzo 2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jos-2020-0001.

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AbstractThere is considerable demand for official statistics on temporary populations to supplement statistics on resident and working populations. Progress has been slow, with temporary population statistics not part of the standard suite of measures produced by national statistical offices. This article adopts the framework for official statistics proposed by Raymer and colleagues as a guide to aspects relating to society, concepts, data, processing, outputs and validation. The article proposes a conceptual framework linking temporary population mobility, defined as a move more than one night in duration that does not entail a change in usual residence, and temporary populations. Using Australia as an example, we discuss various dimensions of temporary mobility that complicate its measurement. We then report the outcomes of a survey of user needs for temporary population statistics along with a desktop review of OECD countries to identify the best formulation of temporary population statistics, and current international practice respectively. The article concludes by proposing two related concepts for temporary populations: population present and person-time, which overcome a number of issues currently impeding progress in this area and discuss their potential implementation.

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de Sousa, Constança Urbano. "The Protection of Displaced Persons from Ukraine in Portugal". European Journal of Migration and Law 24, n. 3 (12 settembre 2022): 313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12340131.

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Abstract The war in Ukraine has caused a massive influx of people seeking protection in the European Union and has led to the activation, for the first time, of the Temporary Protection Directive. Although this influx mainly affects neighbouring countries, such as Poland and Romania, Portugal triggered, as early as 1 March 2022, the national temporary protection regime, thus granting immediate protection to people who were arriving because of the war. This article analyses this temporary protection regime, as well as the measures adopted to allow the rapid integration of those displaced persons, such as simplifying the recognition of professional qualifications, essential for their access to the labour market. Being special measures that only benefit citizens affected by the war in Ukraine, their compatibility with the constitutional principle of equality is questioned, as other foreigners equally affected by war and violation of human rights are excluded.

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Comprix, Joseph, Roger C. Graham e Jared A. Moore. "Empirical Evidence on the Impact of Book-Tax Differences on Divergence of Opinion among Investors". Journal of the American Taxation Association 33, n. 1 (1 marzo 2011): 51–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jata.2011.33.1.51.

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ABSTRACT: It is well known that the objectives of financial accounting and tax accounting sometimes conflict, resulting in book-tax differences (BTDs). In this study we test for associations between measures of BTDs and measures of market participants’ uncertainty regarding the information conveyed in financial reports. The measures of market participant uncertainty are: (1) share turnover, (2) analyst forecast dispersion, and (3) stock return variance. We find positive associations between levels and variability of total BTDs and the three measures. After disaggregating BTDs into their permanent and temporary components, we find that both are positively associated with market uncertainty, although the permanent component of BTDs is generally more strongly and consistently associated with measures of uncertainty than is the temporary component. We interpret these results, in part, as indicative of the possible effect of uncertainty contained in BTDs, especially permanent BTDs, on the precision of the information conveyed in the financial statements.

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Dong, Ling, Yu Wang, Hong Li, Boya Jiang e Mohamed Al-Hussein. "Carbon Reduction Measures-Based LCA of Prefabricated Temporary Housing with Renewable Energy Systems". Sustainability 10, n. 3 (6 marzo 2018): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10030718.

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NAGAHAMA, Yosuke, Nodoka OSHIRO e Ryuji INOUE. "Effective temporary storage method of topsoil for environmental preservation measures in road construction". Journal of the Japanese Society of Revegetation Technology 43, n. 1 (2017): 306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7211/jjsrt.43.306.

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40

Isachenko, A. A., e M. G. Koryaga. "Support and Stabilization of Temporary Roadways in Extraction of Coal Measures in Kuzbass". Journal of Mining Science 59, n. 3 (giugno 2023): 417–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1062739123030080.

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Zong, Zhen, Taicheng Zhou, Zhipeng Jiang, Yingru Li, Bin Yang, Zehui Hou, Fanghai Han e Shuang Chen. "Temporary Tube Stoma versus Conventional Loop Stoma for the Protection of a Low Anastomosis in Colorectal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis". American Surgeon 82, n. 3 (marzo 2016): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481608200319.

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The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of temporary tube stoma and conventional loop stoma for the protection of a low anastomosis in colorectal cancer. A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Science Citation Index, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trails. Primary outcome measures were anastomotic leakage rate, the reoperation rate for anastomotic leakage, and stoma-related complications. Secondary outcome measures were operation time, length of hospital stay, time to stoma closure, and permanent stoma rate. Four studies were carried out and 642 patients (332 with temporary tube stoma and 310 with conventional loop stoma) met the inclusion criteria. The incidences of anastomotic leakage and reoperation rate were statistically similar in tube stoma and loop stoma groups. In comparison with conventional loop stoma, temporary tube stoma was associated with a significantly less stoma-related complications (odds ratio = 0.20; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.08–0.50), and shorter operation and hospital stay time (weighted mean difference = -47.28 minutes, 95% CI: -74.68 to -19.88; and weighted mean difference = -5.22 days, 95% CI: -10.32 to -0.13, respectively). Time to stoma closure was significantly shorter in the temporary tube stoma groups (weighted mean difference = -114.58 days, 95% CI: -148.38 to -80.77). Patients receiving temporary tube stoma had lower rates of stoma-related complications, shorter operation and hospital stay time, and stoma closure time. Tube can be easily removed without second surgery in most cases. Therefore, temporary tube stoma is a feasible and effective alternative to conventional loop stoma for the protection of a low colorectal anastomosis.

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Enriques, Luca. "Pandemic-Resistant Corporate Law: How to Help Companies Cope with Existential Threats and Extreme Uncertainty During the Covid-19 Crisis". European Company and Financial Law Review 17, n. 3-4 (14 settembre 2020): 257–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ecfr-2020-0014.

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This essay argues that, to address the Covid-19 crisis, in addition to creating a special temporary insolvency regime, relaxing provisions for companies in the vicinity of insolvency, and enabling companies to hold virtual meetings, policymakers should tweak company law to facilitate equity and debt injections and address the consequences of the extreme uncertainty firms are facing. After some general reflections upon the type of rules that are needed in these exceptional times, examples of temporary corporate law interventions for the emergency are provided. Specifically, rules to facilitate injections of equity capital and shareholder loans are suggested, together with relaxations of directors’ liability rules and measures to protect firms against hostile takeovers. All of these measures should apply merely by default and only for so long as the emergency lasts. The essay concludes with some thoughts about how to make normal-times corporate law ready for similar emergencies in the future. The goal is both to reduce the risk that the temporary extreme measures enacted for this crisis are made permanent under the pretence that another crisis may hit again and to have quick adaptation mechanisms already in place to respond to such a crisis.

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Pinto Correia, Catarina. "Direct Award, the New Normal in times of Covid-19". European Journal of Public Procurement Markets 1, n. 3 (luglio 2021): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54611/tqix5927.

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Sazonova, Svetlana, S. Nikolenko e N. Akamsina. "ANALYSIS OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF MEASURES TO IMPROVE WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE WAREHOUSE". Modeling of systems and processes 13, n. 4 (16 febbraio 2021): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2219-0767-2021-13-4-64-71.

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The analysis of the results of theoretical and experimental studies, normative and technical literature, using well-known techniques is carried out. The types of personal protective equipment used in dusty production areas of the construction industry are considered. Measures are proposed to improve the working conditions of workers in the warehouse for temporary storage of packaged bulk materials. A project for a power supply system has been developed to improve the lighting of warehouses and maintain lighting in case of certain emergencies. In the premises of the warehouse, it was proposed to use a supply and exhaust ventilation device with mechanical and natural motivation through the windows of the premises and the openings of the warehouse gates. A number of measures have been proposed to achieve a standardized noise level from ventilation units in a temporary storage warehouse for packaged bulk materials.

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Tikhonov, Yaroslav I. "On Preventive Legal Measures Against the COVID-19 Spread in Russia". State power and local self-government 2 (26 gennaio 2021): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1813-1247-2021-2-3-5.

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The article analyzes the preventive legal measures taken in the Russian Federation, which were a reaction to the spread of the pandemic in 2020. The concept of preventive measures is formulated, the analysis and the proposed classification implemented in the Russian Federation are carried out. The spread of a new threat was a factor in the adoption of new preventive measures, both temporary and permanent. The implementation of a system of restrictive measures leads to the complication of social life. Predicting and solving emerging problems should be an integral part of prevention activities.

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Qin, Yaqin, Yang Wu e Miao Guo. "A Simulator Study on the Driving Impacts of Four Speed-Calming Measures at Unsignalized Intersections". Applied Sciences 14, n. 9 (23 aprile 2024): 3542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14093542.

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Intersections, especially those without traffic signals, are prone to frequent traffic accidents and disorder. The regulation of vehicle speed is an effective measure that can be taken in order to mitigate accidents and alleviate disorder at unsignalized intersections. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of four different temporary low-cost speed-calming measures: traffic crash barrels, lane markings, intersection markings, and a combination of the three. In this study, we used a driving simulator to design four speed-calming static measures that are typical of intersections; we then statistically analyzed the speed and acceleration data (recorded by the driving simulator) and the driver’s visual data (recorded by an eye tracker). The simulation results demonstrated that different speed-calming measures have varied effects on the attention and visual fixations of drivers; however, they are all effective in reducing the average driving speed at the intersection. The traffic-channelizing lane demonstrated superior performance compared to the other three measures in terms of its cumulative impact on deceleration, driving comfort, and safety. The experimental findings presented herein broaden the range of currently accessible temporary speed-limiting strategies and provide valuable insight into intersections that require low-cost speed management solutions.

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Meier, Florian. "xecutive Pay Cuts during Covid: Yielding to Pressure or Potential for Real Change?" Eurasian Journal of Business and Management 11, n. 2 (2023): 91–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.15604/ejbm.2023.11.02.003.

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Executive compensation has been the subject of longstanding criticisms for possibly setting wrong incentives or for being excessive. In the Covid pandemic in 2020/2021, numerous CEOs worldwide decided to temporarily forgo part of their compensation in response to calls for solidarity with stakeholders who had to make financial or other sacrifices. While there have been suggestions that these concessions might be the starting point for wider reforms of executive compensation to address some of the criticisms, pay has quickly returned to pre-Covid levels and reached new record highs. This article examines whether the executive pay concessions made during Covid should be considered a temporary phenomenon, or whether they might indeed have the potential to start a larger process of reassessing and reforming executive compensation. The analysis explored three angles: First, the cuts to compensation themselves were examined to understand the type of compensation affected and their magnitude. Second, reasons and pressures that led firms to adjust pay during the onset of the crisis were explored, and whether they can be considered temporary or more fundamental. Third, the theoretical angle used legitimacy theory, institutional theory, and resource dependence theory to assess the intention and longevity of measures undertaken. Taken together, the analysis suggests the actions on pay were a temporary reaction to a specific situation, and do not seem to be intended nor contain potential for longer lasting, widespread changes.

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Georeva, Petya G., Tanya P. Kuneva, Kiril K. Karamfiloff e Jivka D. Stoykova. "Analysis Of Labour Inspectors’ Temporary Incapacity For Work". Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research 8, n. 1 (1 giugno 2015): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbcr-2015-0154.

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SummaryIt is known that increased morbidity with temporary incapacity for work (MTIW) is related to stress level and psychosocial factors at work. Practices for stress management, conflict avoidance and optimization of working conditions are known to reduce MTIW level. The aim of the present study was to analyze MTIW and propose measures to optimize and reduce strain at work. The study covered MTIW in labour inspectors, a total of 334 people, men and women aged from 24 to 69. The evaluation was based on 11 of the generally accepted indices. MTIW structure was analyzed. MTIW was rated as high according to case frequency and as very high according to day frequency. The average duration of a TI case was 12.63, and the relative share of people who were frequently taken ill for a long period was 12.81. In the ITI structure, diseases of the respiratory system (42.0%) ranked first, followed by diseases of the nervous system (18.8%), the digestive system (9.9%), CVS (8.3%) and MSS (7.2%). These 5 groups of diseases covered 86.2% of all diagnoses. The remaining 7 groups of diseases covered less than 14% of the diagnoses. The group of people most frequently taken ill for long periods included 28 inspectors who had used 42.5% of the total number of days. Two inspectors with 140 days of absence from work were cases of TI resulting from severe stress and adaptation disorder. Measures were proposed regarding the reduction of strain at work and the risk of stress.

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Lambert, Hélène. "TEMPORARY REFUGE FROM WAR: CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW AND THE SYRIAN CONFLICT". International and Comparative Law Quarterly 66, n. 3 (11 aprile 2017): 723–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589317000124.

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AbstractThe rule of temporary refuge forms the cornerstone of the response of States to large-scale influx of refugees. In the context of civilians fleeing armed conflict, this legal rule imposes a positive obligation onallStates to admit and not to return anyone to a situation where there is a risk to life, and to provide basic rights commensurate with human dignity. Also implicit in the rule is the expectation of shared responsibility for large numbers of refugees and of international cooperation towards finding durable solutions. This article examines the customary international law of temporary refuge (also known as temporary protection) in relation to the Syrian conflict. It discusses implementation of the rule in the practice of three countries neighbouring Syria, and in the EU. It finds that the practice of Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan has been consistent with the rule of temporary refuge. However, the EU has decided not to use the Temporary Protection Directive; instead individual Member States have relied on the Refugee Convention and EU law, combined with various other measures not pertinent to temporary protection. It is concluded that shared responsibility is the linchpin of temporary refuge. Absent this keystone, the rule of temporary refuge is likely to continue to be implemented primarily in a regional context by those countries nearest to the country affected by the conflict, as in the case of Syria.

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Qian, Si Ru. "The Practical Research of Engineering Materials for the Temporary House after Earthquake". Advanced Materials Research 978 (giugno 2014): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.978.27.

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After the WenChuan earthquake in may 12,2008,Many province government built the temporary houses for earthquake disaster area.For the first time, they initiate such large scale project, there are many problems emerged during the process of construction such problem like economy ,environment, engineering materials and technology. In this article, we collect problems and analysis them ,seek for the possible measures of construct the temporary house and the effective way to rebuilt the disaster area.

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