Tesi sul tema "Task completion"
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1
Levihn, Martin. "Autonomous environment manipulation to facilitate task completion". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53543.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A robot should be able to autonomously modify and utilize its environment to assist its task completion.
While mobile manipulators and humanoid robots have both locomotion and manipulation capabilities, planning systems typically just consider one or the other. In traditional motion planning the planner attempts to find a collision free path from the robot's current configuration to some goal configuration. In general, this process entirely ignores the fact that the robot has manipulation capabilities. This is in contrast to how humans naturally act - utilizing their manipulation capabilities to modify the environment to assist locomotion. If necessary, humans do not hesitate to move objects, such as chairs, out of their way or even place an object, such as a board, on the ground to reach an otherwise unreachable goal. We argue that robots should demonstrate similar behavior. Robots should use their manipulation capabilities to move or even use environment objects. This thesis aims at bringing robots closer to such capabilities.
There are two primary challenges in developing practical systems that allow a real robotic system to tightly couple its manipulation and locomotion capabilities: the inevitable inaccuracies in perception as well as actuation that occur on physical systems, and the exponential size of the search space.
To address these challenges, this thesis first extends the previously introduced domain of Navigation Among Movable Obstacles (NAMO), which allows a robot to move obstacles out of its way. We extend the NAMO domain to handle the underlying issue of uncertainty. In fact, this thesis introduces the first NAMO framework that allows a real robotic systems to consider sensing and action uncertainties while reasoning about moving objects out of the way. However, the NAMO domain itself has the shortcoming that it only considers a robot's manipulation capabilities in the context of clearing a path. This thesis therefore also generalizes the NAMO domain itself to the Navigation Using Manipulable Obstacles (NUMO) domain.
The NUMO domain enables a robot to more generally consider the coupling between manipulation and locomotion capabilities and supports reasoning about using objects in the environment. This thesis shows the relationship between the NAMO and NUMO domain, both in terms of complexity as well as solution approaches, and presents multiple realizations of the NUMO domain. The first NUMO realization enables a robot to use its manipulation capabilities to assist its locomotion by changing the geometry of the environment for scenarios in which obstructions can be overcome through the usage of a single object. The system led a real humanoid robot to autonomously build itself a bridge to cross a gap and a stair step to get on a platform. A second NUMO realization then introduces reasoning about force constraints using knowledge about the mechanical advantages of a lever and battering ram. The discussed system allows a robot to consider increasing its effective force though the use of objects, such as utilizing a rod as a lever. Finally this thesis extends the NUMO framework for geometric constraints to scenarios in which the robot is faced with a substantial lack of initial state information and only has access to onboard sensing.
In summary, this thesis enables robots to autonomously modify their environment to achieve task completion in the presence of lack of support for mobility, the need to increase force capabilities and partial knowledge.
2
Thomas, Kevin Edward. "Factors influencing the accuracy of task completion time estimates". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1910.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Whilst considerable research has found that people tend to underestimate their task completion times (e.g., Buehler et al., 1994), factors that might influence the accuracy of temporal predictions have received little empirical treatment. The research presented in this thesis identified two distinct factors that mediated time estimation accuracy and bias. One factor was task duration, whereas the other factor was the person’s prior experience of the task. There was evidence that having prior experience of performing all or a substantial part of the same task enabled participants to more accurately estimate its duration. Additionally, predictions were more accurate when participants viewed tasks before making time estimates. Contrary to the theory of the planning fallacy (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979), these findings suggest that people do take account of their previous task performance, and use such distributional information to good effect. However, there was evidence of time prediction bias when unrelated tasks were completed beforehand, suggesting that erroneous information about previous task performance was used when making a subsequent estimate. The directional nature of time estimation bias was also highlighted in the present research. In general, there was some evidence of temporal overestimation on tasks with a duration of up to four or five minutes, whereas participants tended to underestimate their completion times on tasks that took between eight and 16 minutes to complete. These findings indicate that task duration influences the direction in which time estimates are biased (i.e., under or overestimation), with the temporal underestimation indicative of the planning fallacy occurring on tasks of at least eight minutes' duration. The present research has potential implications for task duration estimation in everyday life, and outlines conditions under which prediction bias can be reduced. The present findings are discussed in relation to the theory of the planning fallacy and the potential role of cognitive judgemental heuristics in determining temporal misestimation.
3
Holland, Cynthia Rose. "Does synonym priming exist on a word completion task?" Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1056121526.
Testo completo
4
Harrold, Louise. "Exploring young children's obesity stigma in a story completion task". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17492/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The prevalence of childhood obesity, and its associated health and psychosocial implications, has risen and continues to be of concern. Children appear to hold anti-fat attitudes and stigmatise those who are seen as overweight or obese. Evidence suggests that children as young as three years old are known to hold anti-fat attitudes towards their obese peers, but as a result of the methodologies used in obesity studies, it is thought this may be an overestimation. The present study aimed to investigate young children’s obesity stigma in the context of a story completion task. It was hypothesised that there would be no difference in what children said about the personal characteristics of a fat character compared with a healthy weight character, before being presented in a negative context. However, when presented with a negative ending to a story, there would be evidence of more negative personal attributions towards a fat character compared to a healthy weight character. One hundred and thirty children, aged between 4 and 6 years old, participated in a story completion task using open ended questions. Children were read the first part of a story to introduce the child to the main character whose body shape was presented as either fat or healthy weight. The story continued and children were presented with either a positive (Gift) or negative (Greed) ending to the story. Each child was asked four open ended questions at different stages throughout the procedure. Qualitative data was analysed using framework analysis. The results supported the first hypotheses in that there was no difference in what children were saying about the personal characteristics of a fat character compared with a healthy weight character. Ninety two percent of children made neutral statements relating to the storyline or the characters. Whereas eight percent of children shared positive and negative statements about the fat and healthy weight character respectively, in the absence of a negative context. The results did not support the second hypothesis, in that there was no significant difference in the number of negative character attributions made towards the fat character, compared with the healthy weight character, in the negative story end condition. In adapting the methodological approach to eliciting young children’s views and opinions of a fat character in a story completion task the evidence would suggest that obesity stigma is not a primary differentiating factor between a healthy weight and fat character, as suggested in the obesity literature.
5
Khazon, Steven. "Developing a Word Fragment Completion Task for Measuring Trait Aggression". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1318256242.
Testo completo
6
Romani, Patrick William. "Relations between quality of reinforcement and the persistence of task completion". Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4736.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Behavioral momentum theory (BMT) provides a theoretical framework for studying the persistence of behavior when challenged. The typical experimental arrangement to study persistence involves reinforcing a behavior according to a multiple schedules design. Unique schedules of reinforcement are programmed to each component. When steady-state responding occurs, the schedules of reinforcement are disrupted by a challenge condition (e.g., extinction, distraction, or prefeeding). The multiple schedules component that maintains the greatest level of responding during disruption is described as being more persistent. Basic research has shown that rate of reinforcement is a reliable predictor of persistence. The multiple schedules component associated with the higher rate of reinforcement persists longer than the multiple schedules component associated with the lower rate of reinforcement during disruption. Applied researchers have recently begun translating BMT to problems of social significance. The success of these initial translations suggests that relations between other dimensions of reinforcement and persistence should be studied. The current two-experiment study investigated the effect of quality of reinforcement on the persistence of task completion. Three participants with a history of engaging in problem behavior to escape from demands participated in Experiment I. After showing the conditions under which participants would and would not allocate away from a work task to engage with a preferred item, a baseline measure of task completion was obtained. Task completion was then reinforced with attention or tangibles within a multiple schedules design. Orange tokens signaled access to tangible reinforcement and yellow tokens signaled access to attention reinforcement. After steady-state responding occurred, preference for attention and tangibles was assessed within a concurrent schedules design. Extinction was then implemented to disrupt task completion within each component of the multiple schedules design. Results showed modest differences in the persistence of task completion with task completion in the multiple schedules component associated with the delivery of the more preferred reinforcer persisting longest. The modest differences in persistence were smaller than what has previously been shown in the literature. Thus, a follow-up experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of reinforcer potency on the persistence of task completion. Three participants with a history of engaging in problem behavior to escape from demands participated in Experiment II. After identifying relatively more and less preferred stimuli with a multiple stimulus without replacement (MSWO) preference assessment, a unit price analysis was conducted to evaluate the potency of these two items within a concurrent schedules design. Task completion was then reinforced with the more and less potent reinforcers according to a multiple schedules design. After showing steady-state responding, task completion was disrupted by extinction. Results clearly showed greater persistence of task completion under the component associated with the delivery of the more potent reinforcer for two of three participants. Results from both experiments are discussed in terms of their conceptual and applied implications.
7
Gruber, Kerry Ann. "The relationship between psychosocial resources, stress, and task completion in elite military training". College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/224.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.Thesis research directed by: Kinesiology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
8
Hepner, Gabriel A. "DESIGNING A 4-DOF ARM MODEL AND CONTROLLER TO SIMULATE COMPLETION OF A FITTS TASK". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1524758349250657.
Testo completo
9
Bedford, George A. H. "Increasing workload on simulated remotely piloted system interaction and task completion : gamers versus non-gamers". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/20441.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
With the current high rate of development and deployment of Remotely Piloted Aerial Systems (RPAS) for both commercial and military sectors globally, it is key to understand the implications this technology has on current and future RPAS operators and the consequential effect on licensing, training and performance measurement. This thesis investigates aspects of training and potential objective performance measurement of RPAS operators, this is carried out by reviewing current literature relating to RPAS and associated human factors thus a gap analysis was undertaken and a set of experiments/evaluations were devised to provide important new insights. Attention is drawn to the type of skill set required for future RPAS operations. A factor has been to understand whether a regular computer games player displays differing simulator interaction, in this case information gathering and analysis patterns, to that of someone with limited to no computer games experience. To achieve the aims of the research experimentation had to be carried which required the development of an appropriate simulator followed by the inclusion of a case study and the creation of bespoke performance data analysis software, SimPACT. Although performance differentials have been observed through action it was hoped to be able to identify performance differential characteristics through the means of evaluating the use of disparate physical data sets; the research, in fact, identified no significant difference between data set use and it must be concluded that any pre-action performance differential cannot be measured, at least not with the equipment available. However computer gamers, rather than having differing information acquisition strategies, have differing and more effective information retention and processing pathways likely to have been developed through continuous gaming which can be applied to any game-type environment and, potentially, any type of interactive task. These results have been proven to be statistically viable and observable. This research has contributed to the understanding of human performance measurement within the RPAS sector, including the addition of new data processing software, as well as provide new evidence relating to difference within human data gathering and processing between groups of differing experiences.
10
Hanna, Jessica V. "The effectiveness of applied behavior analysis on task completion amongst children with autism/pervasive developmental disorders /". Staten Island, N.Y. : [s.n.], 2005. http://library.wagner.edu/theses/education/2005/thesis_edu_2005_hanna_effec.pdf.
Testo completo
11
Palumbo, Chelsea. "Impact of Self-Monitoring on Independent Vocational Task Completion of Adults with Disabilities in a Vocational Training Setting". Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7073.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Employment is an important goal for many individuals with disabilities. Research indicates that behavioral techniques are effective in increasing task completion of individuals with disabilities in vocational training settings. Yet, limited research has examined the use of self-monitoring for increasing task completion of adults with disabilities receiving vocational training for future employment. Furthermore, few studies have focused on promoting the maintenance of improved vocational task completion among this population. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to extend the literature by examining the impact of self-monitoring on independent correct vocational task completion of four adults with disabilities within a vocational training setting. The results indicated that across participants the levels of their target vocational task completion performance remained low during baseline, even with repeated exposure. During the intervention there was immediate level changes for all participants, three out of four reaching 3 or more consecutive sessions with 100%. During the maintenance follow-up their performance levels still remained higher than baseline with minor decline trends compared to intervention. Implications, limitations, and recommendations for future research are discussed.
12
Lee, Jia-Ling. "THE EFFECT OF COGNITIVE STYLES UPON THE COMPLETION OF A VISUALLY-ORIENTED COMPONENT OF ONLINE INSTRUCTION". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3652.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study was designed to examine whether a person's prepositioned cognitive style influenced learning achievement in a visually-oriented task for an online learning environment in higher education. Field dependence-independence was used to identify individuals' cognitive styles. A true experimental study was conducted in the fall 2005 term at the University of Central Florida. This researcher followed Dwyer and Moore's research (1991, 2002) and divided learners into three groups (field dependent [FD], field neutral [FN], and the field independent [FI] students). Eighty-three preservice teachers participated in this study; the data from 52 of the FD and the FI participants were analyzed to answer research questions. The findings in this study supported those in the literature review; students from both FD and FI cognitive styles performed equally well in online learning environments. In addition, for providing introductory-level instruction on visually-oriented tasks in an online learning environment, instructions which emphasized an FD approach benefited both FI and FD students in their knowledge-based learning achievement. In this approach, extra cues and sequence of content might have been the reasons that students had higher scores on their knowledge-based learning achievement and satisfaction levels. The findings of this study also indicated that students could demonstrate higher performance-based learning achievement if they had more experiences on the subject matter and higher knowledge-based learning achievement if they felt the instructions were easy to follow and the workload of the module was manageable. Based on the findings and conclusions, the recommendations are: (1) A larger sample size is needed to generalize the findings of the study; (2) In this study, student-to-student and teacher-to-student interactions might affect students' learning achievement. Future studies should consider those interactions as factors and examine their effect on students' learning achievement.Ph.D.
Department of Educational Research, Technology and Leadership
Education
Education: Ph.D.
13
Parry, Gwenllian Glyn. "Measuring observable responses during completion of the family drawing task to access internal working models of attachment in middle childhood". Thesis, Bangor University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367317.
Testo completo
14
Cullen, Jennifer Marie. "Effects of Self-Directed Video Prompting Using iPads on the Vocational Task Completion of Young Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities". The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1374235173.
Testo completo
15
Perez-Turner, Geraldine. "EFFECTS OF THREE INSTRUCTIONAL SCHEDULES ON SKILL ACQUISITION AND GENERALIZATION IN THE USE OF TWO-WAY RADIOS TO REPORT TASK COM". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2970.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Educators of students with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities face a significant challenge in preparing their students while in school to function, acquire, and maintain skills that would facilitate successful performance in the workforce while in supported and/or independent employment after graduation. The field of special education still debates about the best way to teach students with moderate intellectual disabilities, the best setting for their instruction and the best instructional schedule. The current research investigated the effectiveness and efficiency of three instructional schedules in the skill acquisition and generalization of two-way radio usage to report task completion by high school students with moderate intellectual disabilities. The instructional schedules investigated were: (a) community-based instruction only (CBI), (b) community based instruction plus simulated instruction in the classroom-same day (CBISC) and (c) simulated instruction in the classroom only (SICO). A Multiple Probe Design across participants with intermittent probe trials within each instructional group, and an added generalization phase (Horner & Baer, 1978; Tawney & Gast, 1984; Alberto & Troutman, 2003) was employed in this study. Nine high school students with moderate intellectual disabilities, three in each instructional schedule, were taught to use a two-way radio to report task completion. The results of the study revealed that the CBI instructional schedule was the overall most efficient instructional schedule for skill acquisition. Two of the CBI participants required the least number of trials to learn to use a two-way radio to report task completion. The second most efficient schedule was the CBISC and the least efficient instructional schedule was the SICO. Based on Mean scores, learning efficiency appeared to be greater for the participants in the CBI and CBISC instructional schedule. These participants required the least number of intrusive prompts. Results indicated that the SICO instructional scheduled was more efficient for only one participant. This participant only required verbal prompts for acquisition of the skill. However, participant one on the SICO instructional schedule required the most intrusive prompts of all participants across groups. For generalization, the CBISC instructional schedule appeared to be the most effective. In this schedule, the two participants that concluded the study generalized the skill across three novel settings with 100% accuracy. The SICO schedule, also had two participants generalized the skill across three novel settings; however, one participant in that group failed to generalize the skill in two settings. The CBI instructional schedule appeared to be the least effective for skill generalization in this study. In this schedule, only one participant generalized the skill in all three novel settings.Ph.D.
Department of Child, Family and Community Sciences
Education
Exceptional Education
16
Ramsey, Michelle L. "Using Function-Based Choice-Making Interventions to Increase Task Completion and Accuracy and to Reduce Problem Behaviors for Students with E/BD". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/epse_diss/69.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Two choice-making interventions (task sequence and where) were implemented by a classroom teacher to determine the effects on the percentage of task completion, accuracy, and classroom disruption for ten sixth through eighth grade students with E/BD in a residential math classroom using a reversal design. An FBA was conducted to determine the function of disruptive behavior during independent math practice prior to the implementation of the two choice-making interventions. The math teacher provided either choice of task sequence of the independent tasks or choice of where to complete the independent tasks. Results indicate that choice of task sequence matched avoidance-maintained behaviors for two of four participants who exhibited reduced disruptive behaviors and increased task completion and accuracy. Results were mixed for six students with access-maintained behavior. Three of the six students showed decreased disruptive behaviors and increased task completion and accuracy with the hypothesized choice of where intervention. However, three participants decreased overall in disruptive behavior and increased task completion and accuracy; choice of task sequence was the most effective intervention. Future directions for research in choice-making interventions are discussed as well as limitations of the present study.
17
Montarello, Staci A. "Effects of interspersal, momentum and tangible reinforcement on the mathematics problem completion rate and on-task behavior of students with emotional disturbance". Related electronic resource:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1375505361&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3739&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Testo completo
18
Linney, Jeffrey Scott. "Assessing Behavioral Intention to Use Low Social Presence ICTs for Interpersonal Task Completion Among College Students: With Special Consideration Toward Short Message Service (SMS) Text-Messaging". NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/217.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study sought to investigate whether the popularity of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) would impact the behavioral intention (BI) to use of these technologies to aid in interpersonal task completion. Out of the ICTs available today, the most popular is textmessaging, especially among a sizable percentage of the college population. Approximately 600 students at a small, private junior college in eastern North Carolina were invited to participate in this study with a target of 248 responses needed to comprise an adequate sample. A total of 259 usable surveys (n = 259) were received and analyzed.
Qualitative data collection instruments consisted of an openended questionnaire and other openended responses that were solicited throughout the data collection phase. Quantitative data collection instruments consisted of a 22item Likertscale survey and a forcedchoice ordinal scale instrument that measured computer user selfefficacy (CUSE) and experience using technology (EUT). Situated in the context of academic helpseeking (AHS), vignettes were developed, validated and administered to offer AHS scenarios where a problem was presented and the participants were then asked to reveal which type of ICT he or she would utilize to seek academic help (AH) in that particular situation.
19
Rikardsdotter, Ahlin Malin. "Arbetsrelaterade faktorer, arbetstrivsel och hälsa hos operasångare i Sverige". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-166369.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Traditionella arbetsrelaterade stressorer har sedan drygt ett decennium kompletterats med ambivalens kring arbetsuppgifters färdigställande (”task completion ambiguity”) och ambivalens kring arbetsresultatets kvalitet (”task quality ambiguity”) som konstaterats ha samband med arbetstrivsel. Föreliggande enkätstudie syftade till att undersöka hur sambanden mellan dessa faktorer ser ut bland sångare. Utöver arbetstrivsel undersöktes också samband med upplevd press från andra och sig själv samt psykisk ohälsa, rösthälsa och fysisk hälsa. Totalt deltog 74 svenska operasångare. Sambandsanalyserna visade att arbetstrivsel inte förklaras av någon av studievariablerna. Ambivalens kring arbetsuppgifters färdigställande samvarierade bara med ambivalens kring arbetsresultatets kvalitet medan press och psykisk ohälsa samvarierade med alla studievariabler utom ambivalens kring arbetsuppgifters färdigställande. Resultaten avseende operasångare skiljer sig därmed från tidigare studier på andra yrkesgrupper vilket kan hänga samman med att sångare upplever andra faktorer som viktigare för sin trivsel och arbetsrelaterade hälsa.
20
Wicklein, Robert C. "The effects of learning styles and instructional sequencing of program controlled and learner controlled interactive video programs on student achievement and task completion rates". Diss., Virginia Tech, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37313.
Testo completo
21
King, Katherine A. "Syntactic Complexity in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1803.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Several studies using standardized tests have provided evidence for the presence of language disorders in persons with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and have suggested that persons with MS may have language that is less complex. One aspect not thoroughly studied is that of syntactic complexity in naturalistic, conversational settings. The present study collected language samples from 10 adults with MS and 10 age-matched controls and compared scores on five quantitative measures derived from those samples. No significant differences were found between groups on any measure. This finding suggests that in mild cases of MS or during periods of remission, individuals may retain their ability to use complex language structures in naturalistic discourse.
22
Linney, Jeffrey Scott. "Assessing Behavioral Intention to Use Low Social Presence ICTs For Interpersonal Task Completion among College Students| With Special Consideration toward Short Message Service (SMS) Text-Messaging". Thesis, Nova Southeastern University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3604959.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study sought to investigate whether the popularity of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) would impact the behavioral intention (BI) to use of these technologies to aid in interpersonal task completion. Out of the ICTs available today, the most popular is text-messaging, especially among a sizable percentage of the college population. Approximately 600 students at a small, private junior college in eastern North Carolina were invited to participate in this study with a target of 248 responses needed to comprise an adequate sample. A total of 259 usable surveys (n = 259) were received and analyzed.
Qualitative data collection instruments consisted of an open-ended questionnaire and other open-ended responses that were solicited throughout the data collection phase. Quantitative data collection instruments consisted of a 22–item Likert-scale survey and a forced-choice ordinal scale instrument that measured computer user self-efficacy (CUSE) and experience using technology (EUT). Situated in the context of academic help-seeking (AHS), vignettes were developed, validated and administered to offer AHS scenarios where a problem was presented and the participants were then asked to reveal which type of ICT he or she would utilize to seek academic help (AH) in that particular situation.
23
Ferguson, Scott. "Smartphone technology : everyday prompts for those with prospective memory difficulties following brain injury". Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/19859.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
BACKGROUND: Prospective memory difficulties are one of the most common deficits following acquired brain injury. The application of smartphones as a compensatory aid to these difficulties has shown promising results. This study looked to investigate these benefits further. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to investigate whether receipt of reminder prompts through ones smartphone improved completion of pre-planned tasks, in addition to whether it also had secondary implications for participant's wellbeing, confidence, independent functioning, and whether it had any impact on caregiver strain levels. METHOD: This study used an ABAB case series design with mild to moderate acquired brain injury. Task completion rates were monitored across four phases (prompts vs. no prompts). Quantitative questionnaires were administered pre, post and at three months follow up to assess coping with memory difficulties. A qualitative questionnaire explored the perceived impact of the smartphone reminders on everyday functioning, in addition to a 3 month follow up measure assessing attrition rates in smartphone use. RESULTS: Visual inspection analysis suggested greater task completion when reminders were provided. The quantitative questionnaires showed increased use of a Smartphone as reminder device post intervention and at follow up. A basic thematic analysis highlighted a perception that the smartphone system increased task completion, confidence in coping with memory demands, supported emotional wellbeing and reduced dependence on others. As a memory aid it was also less stigmatising and promoted dignity. The three month follow up questionnaire highlighted that all participants continued to use their smartphone as a memory aid. CONCLUSIONS: Use of a smartphone as a memory compensation aid may improve completion of pre-set tasks. Secondary benefits may include increased confidence in coping with memory demands, reduced dependence on others for help, and reduced anxiety or frustration around forgetting.
24
Peters, Audrey C. "Autism and Occupational Therapy: Effects of Proprioceptive Interventions on Behaviors in Children with Autism". Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1619105117255219.
Testo completo
25
Merrick, Bradley Maxwell School of Music & Music Education UNSW. "The relationship between self-efficacy and self-regulated behaviour within a secondary school music technology based creative learning environment". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Music and Music Education, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25768.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study employed the theoretical framework of Albert Bandura???s social cognitive theory, to investigate how differing levels of self-efficacy impact on both the type and degree of self-regulatory behaviour employed by the students when composing music in a high school music program. The literature review revealed an abundance of related research suggesting a strong relationship between self-efficacy and self-regulated behaviour in the ???core??? academic domains of education. In contrast, there was no specific research found that had examined self-efficacy and self-regulation in the context of students composing music. An independent school in Sydney served as the research site, with sixty-eight students of varied year levels and musical experience participating in the study. Students used stand alone computers, the software ???Cubase??? and MIDI keyboards as they completed a task that involved creating an original piece of music in a genre of their own choice, over a series of four composition sessions. A mixed methodology was employed to determine if the influence of the students??? self-efficacy beliefs upon their self-regulation in a creative activity were consistent with existing research. Data were collected using a mixture of weekly measures and self-report scales, combined with a variety of questionnaires, logs, tally sheets and interviews. Eight variables, including the self-regulatory sub-processes of goal setting-strategic planning, intrinsic motivation, goal orientation, task expectation, time on task, task completion, monitoring were analysed together with an additional variable, defined as creative ability, to determine if evidence could be found of a relationship between self-efficacy and these specific behaviours while composing. The results suggest that the pre-task (Week 1) measure of self-efficacy was closely associated with the students??? use of the eight self-regulatory dimensions as well as their perceived level of creative ability. Weekly self-efficacy measures also suggested that students??? employ self-regulated sub-processes proportionally to their respective levels of self-efficacy. Importantly, the more efficacious students employed a wider and more sophisticated repertoire of self-regulated behaviour when composing in contrast to the less efficacious students. Self-efficacy was also identified as a key factor amongst students who were initially identified as being naive self-regulators, but who through the duration of the task, modified their behaviour to become more skilful self-regulators. Throughout the study, the consistent level of interaction between self-efficacy and the use of self-regulated behaviours were aligned with findings in the core ???academic??? disciplines of education.
26
Rocha, Yana Jorge Polizer. "Investigação da percepção do consumidor frente à conceitos de salsichas mais saudáveis: comparação com a salsicha tradicional através de técnicas qualitativas, sorting task e estudo das emoções associadas". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74132/tde-12022019-155440/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar estudos para entender a percepção de consumidores em relação a salsichas com diferentes atributos de saudabilidade. Foram conduzidos três estudos e diferentes metodologias foram empregadas para explorar a atitude do consumidor. No primeiro estudo, a percepção dos consumidores foi avaliada através das técnicas de associação de palavras, aceitação de cada conceito (salsicha tradicional, com antioxidantes naturais, com redução de sódio, com redução de gordura, fonte de fibra alimentar e com ômega 3), grau de familiaridade com cada atributo de saudabilidade e resposta emocional. Para a salsicha tradicional, as categorias mais relevantes para os consumidores foram: modo de consumo, sabor agradável, não saudável, aparência (cor), gordura/caloria e pressão alta, já o grupo formado pelas salsichas com ômega 3, antioxidantes naturais, com redução de gordura e com redução de sódio se caracterizou principalmente pela percepção de saudabilidade. Para o segundo estudo, a relação entre a preocupação de consumidores com sua saúde e sua percepção sobre salsichas com adição de ingredientes funcionais (fibra alimentar e ômega 3) foi avaliada através do teste de completamento e da técnica de lista de compras. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os clusters (consciência em relação à saúde) para as razões apontadas pelos consumidores que incentivam (sabor agradável, praticidade, preço acessível e modo de consumo) e limitam (prejudicial à saúde, não saudável, ricas em sódio e gordura e artificial) a compra de salsichas. Os resultados do segundo estudo, ainda demonstraram que a adição de fibra alimentar e ômega 3 em salsicha gerou associações predominantemente positivas independente do nível de consciência em relação à saúde dos consumidores. Em relação ao terceiro estudo, na aplicação da técnica sorting task, termos como falta de conhecimento, natural, problemas de sabor e não atrativo caracterizaram o grupo formado pelas salsichas sem adição de fosfato e nitrito. Já as salsichas com antioxidantes naturais, fonte de fibra alimentar e com ômega 3 foram associadas a melhor qualidade nutricional e impacto positivo na saúde/organismo. Neste mesmo estudo, a técnica hard laddering revelou que os principais motivos que justificam as escolhas das salsichas com redução de sódio, com redução de gordura, com ômega 3, com antioxidantes naturais e fibra alimentar são preocupação com a saúde e vida longa. Os resultados obtidos nos três estudos demonstraram que os consumidores apresentam percepções distintas em relação aos diferentes tipos de salsicha (conceitos) avaliados, sugerindo que a indústria da carne deve considerar as particularidades identificadas ao desenvolver salsichas mais saudáveis e anunciar seus atributos.The present paper aimed to perform studies to understand the consumers\' perception regarding frankfurter sausages with different healthiness attributes. Three studies were carried out and different methods were applied to explore the consumer\'s attitude. In the first study the consumers\' perception was evaluated through the technique of word association, acceptance of each concept (traditional frankfurter, with natural antioxidants, with reduced sodium, with reduced fat, as a source of dietary fibre, and with omega 3), level of familiarity with each attribute and emotional response. For the traditional frankfurter the most relevant categories for the consumers were: consumption mode, good flavour, unhealthy, appearance (colour), fat/calorie and high blood pressure, whereas the group formed by the frankfurters with omega 3, natural antioxidants, with reduced fat and reduced sodium was characterized especially by healthiness perception. For the second study the connection between the concern of consumer\'s with their health and their perception on frankfurters with the addition of functional ingredients (dietary fibre and omega 3) was evaluated through a completion test and the shopping list technique. No significant differences were found between the clusters (concern with health) for the reasons pointed out by the consumers that encourage (good flavour, convenience, price/cheap, and consumption mode) and restrict (harmful to health, unhealthy, rich in sodium and fat, and artificial) purchasing frankfurters. The results of the second study also demonstrated that adding dietary fibre and omega 3 in frankfurters provided predominantly positive associations regardless of consumers\' concerns with health. Regarding the third study, lack of knowledge, natural, flavour defects and not appealing characterized the group formed by frankfurters with no phosphate added and no nitrite added through the sorting task technique. The frankfurters with natural antioxidant, as a source of dietary fibre and with omega 3 were associated to a better nutritional quality and positive impact on health/organism. The hard laddering technique revealed that the main reasons that justify the choices for the frankfurters with reduced sodium, reduced fat, with omega 3, with natural antioxidants and dietary fibre are concerns with health and longevity. The results obtained through the three studies showed that the consumers present distinctive perceptions concerning different types of evaluated frankfurters (concepts), suggesting that the meat industry should consider the particularities identified to develop healthier sausages and advertise their attributes.
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Marques, Ines Lemos Bravo. "Diferenças de género nas representações de vinculação e no conhecimento emocional em crianças de idade pré-escolar". Master's thesis, ISPA -Instituto Universitário, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/2583.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Com o intuito de identificar o peso da qualidade da vinculação no desenvolvimento emocional e sócio-cognitivo de crianças de idade pré-escolar, foi aplicada a metodologia Attachment Story Completion Task (ASCT, Bretherton, Ridgeway & Cassidy, 1990) a uma amostra de 72 crianças de idade pré-escolar. Colocou-se a hipótese de haver variações de género durante o desempenho desta tarefa. Assim, especula-se que quanto melhor a qualidade da vinculação melhor a apropriação e gestão de afectos face a determinados contextos sociais podendo haver especificidades de género no modo como essa apropriação é feita. Espera-se ainda que crianças com Modelos Internos Dinâmicos seguros apresentem melhor conhecimento emocional do que aquelas que tiverem Modelos Internos Dinâmicos inseguros, podendo também ser detectadas subtilezas de género no modo como demonstram esse mesmo conhecimento. Houve uma correlação significativa entre a escala de Coerência e de Segurança nas histórias durante o ASCT. Os resultados do presente trabalho demonstraram que não há diferenças significativas de género a nível da escala de Coerência e de Segurança durante a concretização das tarefas do ASCT. Também se constata que crianças com um vínculo seguro vivem relações mais calorosas com os seus cuidadores e discutem as emoções de forma aberta e apropriada, o que permite que exibam melhor conhecimento e expressão emocionais.The objective of this study was to evaluate how the quality of attachment can influence emotional and socio-cognitive development. The Attachment Story Completion Task (ASCT, Bretherton, Ridgeway & Cassidy, 1990) was applied to 72 preschool children. The hypothesis was that there may be gender differences during the concretization of this task, favouring girls in the elaboration of complex speech whereas boys would emphasize assertive solutions to the emotional conflicts in the stories. So, quality of attachment is related to better consolidation of affects and its manifestations under certain social circumstances. There may be differences of gender in these phenomena. It is expected that children with secure Internal Working Models, will show increased emotional knowledge and that there are also differences of gender during the concretization of this task. There was a significant correlation between the security scale of and the scale of Coherence of the stories. Children with secure Internal Working Models showed a successful resolution of the conflicts during the ASCT, whereas children with more unsecure Internal Working Models told inappropriate stories or showed bizarre scenarios during this task. The results of the present work didn’t show any differences of gender during the concretization of the tasks inherent to the ASCT, namely in the scale of Safety and of Coherence. It is also confirmed that children with a secure attachment, experience a warmer relationship with their caregivers, and can talk appropriately about their emotions in certain contexts, which allows them to show a better knowledge and a correct expression about emotions.
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Dellin, Christopher M. "Completing Manipulation Tasks Efficiently in Complex Environments". Research Showcase @ CMU, 2016. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/844.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
An effective autonomous robot performing dangerous or menial tasks will need to act under significant time and energy constraints. At task time, the amount of effort a robot spends planning its motion directly detracts from its total performance. Manipulation tasks, however, present challenges to efficient motion planning. Tightly coupled steps (e.g. choices of object grasps or placements) allow poor early decisions to render subsequent steps difficult, which this encourages longer planning horizons. However, an articulated robot situated within a geometrically complex and dynamic environment induces a high-dimensional configuration space in which it is expensive to test for valid paths. And since multi-step plans require paths in changing valid subsets of configuration space, it is difficult to reuse computation across steps. This thesis proposes an approach to motion planning well-suited to articulated robots performing recurring multi-step manipulation tasks in complex, semi-structured environments. The high cost of edge validation in roadmap methods motivates us to study a lazy approach to pathfinding on graphs which decouples constructing and searching the graph from validating its edges. This decoupling raises two immediate questions which we address: (a) how to allocate precious validation computation among the unevaluated edges on the graph, and (b) how to efficiently solve the resulting dynamic pathfinding problem which arises as edges are validated. We next consider the inherent tradeoff between planning and execution cost, and show that an objective based on utility functions is able to effectively balance these competing goals during lazy pathfinding. Lastly, we define the family motion planning problem which captures the structure of multi-step manipulation tasks, and propose a related utility function which allows our motion planner to quickly find efficient solutions for such tasks. We assemble our algorithms into an integrated manipulation planning system, and demonstrate its effectiveness on motion and manipulation tasks on several robotic platforms. We also provide open-source implementations of our algorithms for contemporary motion planning frameworks. While the motivation for this thesis originally derived from manipulation, our pathfinding algorithms are broadly applicable to problem domains in which edge validation is expensive. Furthermore, the underlying similarity between lazy and dynamic settings also renders our incremental algorithms applicable to conventional dynamic problems such as traffic routing.
29
Wikstén, Louise. "Aiding financial operators when completing daily tasks". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-210185.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The engagement in multiple activities in the workplace leads to the challenge of managing several tasks. When managing multiple tasks, it may be difficult to remember to complete all tasks. Within an operations team at a hedge fund, there are demands that all trades are reported by the end of the day to the correct prime brokerage. This thesis examines the research question: How can a GUI be designed to remind and aid users to verify that trade information has been managed correctly? The research was conducted at a financial company, and focused on improving the workflow for one of the company’s clients and its operations team. To identify the challenges of a financial operator, contextual inquiries were conducted, followed by a design workshop to generate design ideas. The results were used as inspiration for the prototype of a GUI. The prototype was evaluated through cognitive walkthroughs, expert review, and with end users. The prototype was found to aid financial operators to verify if there was any work left, but the reminder aspect would need to be examined with a real system during an extended period.Att engagera sig i flertalet aktiviteter på en arbetsplats leder till utmaningen att hantera många uppgifter. När det finns många uppgifter att hantera, kan det vara svårt att komma ihåg att slutföra alla uppgifter. Inom ett operationsteam på en hedgefond finns krav att alla värdepappersaffärer ska vara rapporterade innan dagens slut till rätt huvudmäklarfirma (prime brokerage). Denna uppsats undersöker forskningsfrågan: Hur kan ett GUI designas för att påminna och underlätta för användaren att verifiera att information om värdepappersaffärer har hanterats korrekt? Forskningen genomfördes på ett finansiellt företag och fokuserade på att underlätta arbetsflödet för en av företagets kunder och dess operationsteam. För att identifiera utmaningarna för en finansiell operatör genomfördes kontextuella intervjuer, vilka följdes av en designworkshop för att generera designidéer. Resultaten användes som inspiration till en prototyp för ett GUI. Prototypen utvärderades genom kognitiv genomgång (cognitive walkthrough), expertgranskning och med slutanvändare. Prototypen ansågs underlätta för finansiella operatörer att verifiera om det fanns kvarvarande uppgifter, men påminnelseaspekten skulle behöva undersökas ytterligare med ett fullt utvecklat system under en längre period.
30
Cope, Ronald L. Arnold Robert L. "Superintendent perceptions regarding the completion of school business management and instructional leadership tasks". Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1988. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p8818709.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 1988.Title from title page screen, viewed September 6, 2005. Dissertation Committee: Robert L. Arnold (chair), Paul J. Baker, G. Alan Hickrod, Patricia H. Klass, William F. Stimeling. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-104) and abstract. Also available in print.
31
Harrell, Martha Nanette. "Factors impacting information security noncompliance when completing job tasks". NSUWorks, 2014. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/21.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Work systems are comprised of the technical and social systems that should harmoniously work together to ensure a successful attainment of organizational goals and objectives. Information security controls are often designed to protect the information system and seldom consider the work system design. Using a positivist case study, this research examines the user's perception of having to choose between completing job tasks or remaining compliant with information security controls. An understanding of this phenomenon can help mitigate the risk associated with an information system security user's choice. Most previous research fails to consider the work system perspective on this issue. This study is based on the socio-technical system theory, the Leavitt Diamond Model (1965). Using this model as a lens to examine user information security behavior and perspectives, the Synergistic Security Model was developed. The research data indicated that the relationships between the structure, technology, task and people constructs can have an impact on user information security behavior. The research found that a change in the organization's information security policies, technology, or a change in employee processes for task completion can impact a user's information security choice. Some of the information security situations found in the research could be easily changed to lower the risk of a user's choice to circumvent information security. This change could be a technical configuration change, a purchase of a new technology or a change in a process to help impact a user's choice to circumvent information security controls.
The Synergistic Security Model can help researchers understand the relationships between the general constructs found in a work system and how those relationships can influence user behaviors. The research presented in the paper examines a triad relationship between each work system construct, consisting of: Structure-Technology-People; Structure-Task-People; Task-Technology-People; and Task-Technology-Structure. The findings indicate that the relationship between the constructs can have a significant impact on user information security behavior and therefore should be a consideration when designing an efficient and effective information security program.
32
Leiting, Keith A. "Physical and Performance Characteristics May Influence Successful Completion of Military Tasks on the Sandhurst Competition". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2405.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Identification and development of physical characteristics that lead to efficient performance of military skills or tasks has been a consistently difficult task for the United States military for decades. The literature suggests certain physical characteristics may be more important, although this information is conflicting. Furthermore, the military physical fitness training program that is intended to prepare soldiers for combat is commonly evaluated with the Army Physical Fitness Test (PFT), a test that is more suited for evaluating health and wellness rather than task-specific fitness. All of this testing and training of soldiers focuses on the individual soldiers and their abilities although military skills or tasks are seldom if ever conducted independently. The first purpose of this dissertation was to identify relationships between the PFT, anthropometrics, measures of strength, and power. The second purpose was to identify the team characteristics that influence team performance during the Sandhurst Competition (a 2-day simulated military operation). Strong correlations were found between PFT events and weak correlations were found between PFT measures and evaluations of strength and power. The strong correlations between PFT events could indicate that only one event may be necessary to determine health and wellness. The weak correlations between events of the PFT and measures of strength and power suggest the PFT is not an assessment of strength and power based on the strength and power measures employed in the current study. The evaluation of team characteristics indicated that age (possibly experience) had the largest effect on Sandhurst Competition performance. Further analysis of each event supported the contention that age influences performance but also identified specific aerobic, anaerobic, and anthropometric variables that influenced performance on particular events. The data from this dissertation suggests that teams competing in the Sandhurst Competition should attempt to recruit team members with more experience, very high run scores, and high vertical jump heights.
33
Woodfield, Helen P. "Requests in English : a study of ESL and native speaker responses to written discourse completion tasks". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/02bac19e-d9fa-45d3-90f6-75bd0813c8f8.
Testo completo
34
Taylor, Nicole. "Using Photography Activity Schedules to Facilitate Independent Completion of Academic Tasks for Young Children with Autism". DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7317.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Some children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) struggle to perform a series of academic tasks, like academic worksheets, independently. Photographic activity schedules are one technique that has been demonstrated to promote independent behavior in individuals with ASD. This study used a multiple baseline design across participants to examine how activity schedules impacted the accurate and independent completion of a series of academic tasks (i.e., worksheets) for young children with ASD. Participants included three young children with ASD 6 and 7 years old who performed a series of academic tasks in the presence of an adult, but struggled to display those concepts accurately in the absence of an adult. Procedures involved training participants to use activity schedules through graduated guidance until participants used activity schedules to accurately complete three academic tasks without additional assistance. Completing these worksheets using schedules not only improved student accuracy but also provided more opportunities for students to learn in an environment with their typically developing peers.
35
McDonald, Joseph Douglas. "A behavioral intervention for reducing post-completion errors in a safety-critical system". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51881.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A widespread and persistent memory error that people commit on a daily basis is the post-completion error (PCE; i.e., forgetting to complete the final step of a procedural task). PCEs occur in the railroad industry when a locomotive conductor changes the direction of a rail switch but fails to report this change. This particular error could contribute to unsafe conditions as another train traveling on the same track could derail. Although training can help reduce some of the factors leading to unsafe conditions on the rail, research has demonstrated that PCEs are different from other errors of omission in that they cannot be eliminated through training, which makes them a difficult problem to address. Therefore, there is a need to explore new remedial actions designed to reduce PCEs. The current study investigated the effectiveness of a theoretically motivated intervention at reducing PCEs in trainyard operations, where making these errors could be life-threatening. Twenty-eight undergraduates completed trainyard tasks within a high-fidelity simulator. Each participant received the behavioral intervention in one block and no intervention in another. Specifically, participants were required to perform an additional task designed to remind participants of the post-completion (PC) step. The intervention significantly reduced PCE rates in the context of trainyard operations, on average, by 65%. We discuss implications of these results on reducing trainyard accidents, and how this outcome can contribute to the literature on the cause of PCEs.
36
Pellack, Kaylee. "Bouncing Toward Concentration| Using Alternative Seating When Completing a Given Task For Students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder". Thesis, Trinity Christian College, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10813971.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This research study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of alternative seating for a student with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder when completing a given task. The aim of this study was to note the difference in task completion duration when given the alternative form of seating. Research was done through observation and data collection over a four-week timeframe at a public school in Olympia Fields, Illinois. This elementary school serves a population of both general education students and special education students. The study looks at a special education kindergarten student who is placed in the general education setting for a majority of his school day. During the study, data was collected in the special education room during the students’ resource minutes in the morning half of the school day. The aim of the study was to observe the effects of the use of a standard classroom chair to the use of a Kids Stay-N-Play Ball when performing task completion. Data from the five-week period was analyzed as well as interviews with the staff and student, and field notes from the researcher. This study found that the implementation of a yoga ball as alternative seating with a student diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was beneficial during academic instruction. There was both a decrease in task completion duration and a decrease in maladaptive behaviors for the student being directly observed. Based on the data collection, observations, and interviews, the use of alternative seating showed an increase in time-on-task as well.
37
Anisi, David A. "Online trajectory planning and observer based control". Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Optimization and systems theory, Royal Institute of Technology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4153.
Testo completo
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Freehling, Seth. "The usage of Internet technologies by high school students in the completion of educational tasks outside of the school setting". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2940.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Examines the use of Information and Communicative Technologies (ICT) by high school students from economically-disadvantaged households to complete homework assignments. Results of a survey of 240 high school students at an urban, inner-city high school located in Southern California, indicated, (1) the Digital Divide is narrowing among social classes, as most students reported having Internet access from their homes, (2) students willingness to embrace new uses of ICT in their studies, (3) the speed of completing homework was increased through the use of ICT multi-tasking and the use of search engines and, (4) computer maintenance issues were not a significant hindrance, as most students have some basic computer literacy skills.
39
Smith, Chad E. "A Descriptive Study of the Internet Search Behaviors Employed by Deaf Adolescents Completing Fact-Based Search Tasks". NSUWorks, 2005. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/850.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This exploratory study was designed to describe the Internet search behaviors of deaf adolescents using Internet search engines to complete fact-based search tasks. Because of the limited English reading skills of deaf students, and the complexity of Internet search results, effective Internet searching can be a challenging task. The study examined such Internet search behaviors of high school deaf students as query formation, query modification, Web site identification, and Web site selection. Supervisors from four regional day school programs for the deaf from throughout Texas allowed students to participate in the study. The study, consisting of two fact based search tasks, occurred in the individual computer networks of each of the regional day school programs for the deaf. As students conducted two search tasks they completed a task analysis of the Web sites selected, and the reasons for their selections. Once all of the searches were completed, the researcher determined if there were any commonalities in the search behaviors of the research participants. The research also identified the processes used by deaf students to compensate for limited English reading abilities while navigating Internet search engines results that were typically written well above the average reading level of deaf students. Once students completed the search tasks, each of the task analyses were evaluated to ascertain if there were any commonalities among student behaviors while online completing the search tasks. The results demonstrated deaf high school students were unable to initiate, conduct, analyze, or validate effective Internet searches in response to fact-based search tasks.
40
Eli, Jennifer Ann. "An exploratory mixed methods study of prospective middle grades teachers' mathematical connections while completing investigative tasks in geometry". Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10225/1146.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Kentucky, 2009.Title from document title page (viewed on May 12, 2010). Document formatted into pages; contains: ix, 219 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 170-179).
41
Anisi, David A. "On Cooperative Surveillance, Online Trajectory Planning and Observer Based Control". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Optimeringslära och systemteori, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-9990.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The main body of this thesis consists of six appended papers. In the first two, different cooperative surveillance problems are considered. The second two consider different aspects of the trajectory planning problem, while the last two deal with observer design for mobile robotic and Euler-Lagrange systems respectively.In Papers A and B, a combinatorial optimization based framework to cooperative surveillance missions using multiple Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) is proposed. In particular, Paper A considers the the Minimum Time UGV Surveillance Problem (MTUSP) while Paper B treats the Connectivity Constrained UGV Surveillance Problem (CUSP). The minimum time formulation is the following. Given a set of surveillance UGVs and a polyhedral area, find waypoint-paths for all UGVs such that every point of the area is visible from a point on a waypoint-path and such that the time for executing the search in parallel is minimized. The connectivity constrained formulation extends the MTUSP by additionally requiring the induced information graph to be kept recurrently connected at the time instants when the UGVs perform the surveillance mission. In these two papers, the NP-hardness of both these problems are shown and decomposition techniques are proposed that allow us to find an approximative solution efficiently in an algorithmic manner.Paper C addresses the problem of designing a real time, high performance trajectory planner for an aerial vehicle that uses information about terrain and enemy threats, to fly low and avoid radar exposure on the way to a given target. The high-level framework augments Receding Horizon Control (RHC) with a graph based terminal cost that captures the global characteristics of the environment. An important issue with RHC is to make sure that the greedy, short term optimization does not lead to long term problems, which in our case boils down to two things: not getting into situations where a collision is unavoidable, and making sure that the destination is actually reached. Hence, the main contribution of this paper is to present a trajectory planner with provable safety and task completion properties. Direct methods for trajectory optimization are traditionally based on a priori temporal discretization and collocation methods. In Paper D, the problem of adaptive node distribution is formulated as a constrained optimization problem, which is to be included in the underlying nonlinear mathematical programming problem. The benefits of utilizing the suggested method for online trajectory optimization are illustrated by a missile guidance example.In Paper E, the problem of active observer design for an important class of non-uniformly observable systems, namely mobile robotic systems, is considered. The set of feasible configurations and the set of output flow equivalent states are defined. It is shown that the inter-relation between these two sets may serve as the basis for design of active observers. The proposed observer design methodology is illustrated by considering a unicycle robot model, equipped with a set of range-measuring sensors. Finally, in Paper F, a geometrically intrinsic observer for Euler-Lagrange systems is defined and analyzed. This observer is a generalization of the observer proposed by Aghannan and Rouchon. Their contractivity result is reproduced and complemented by a proof that the region of contraction is infinitely thin. Moreover, assuming a priori bounds on the velocities, convergence of the observer is shown by means of Lyapunov's direct method in the case of configuration manifolds with constant curvature.QC 20100622
TAIS, AURES
42
Chien, Tzu-Hsiang. "Mental Contrasting as a Technique to Lower Learners' Levels of Anxiety when Completing Communicative Tasks in a Chinese Beginning Classroom". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8454.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Learning a foreign language is stressful. If learners are anxious, they might be less confident and less willing to communicate (MacIntyre, Dörnyei, Clément, & Noels, 1998). Mental Contrasting with Implementation Intentions (MCII) are widely used in the field of personal health, career pursuit among others. I introduce mental contrasting techniques to Chinese teaching and learning to see if MCII help learners lower their anxiety level. Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale is implemented to test participants’ self-perceived anxiety. Participants’ cortisol in saliva serve as a manifestation of participants’ anxiety (i.e., stress) levels and as a measure of the changes of their anxiety levels. The results show that MCII can effectively lower participants’ speaking anxiety. Qualitative data also show that participants consider MCII helpful with Chinese learning and lowering anxiety levels.
43
Grunkemeyer, Jill. "Effects of self-monitoring and teacher delivered rewards on the completion of daily clothing and hygiene tasks by a middle school student with developmental disabilities: a case study". The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1302013273.
Testo completo
44
Rampazzo, Fabiano Pinheiro. "Estudo de viabilidade do sistema de ancoragem de uma unidade flutuante de produção e armazenamento \"FPSO\" acoplada a um sistema de completação seca \"TLWP\"". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3135/tde-13072011-103539/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A produção de petróleo e gás em campos brasileiros é cada vez mais proveniente de regiões com águas profundas e situadas longe da costa, chegando a distâncias de mais de 100 km, como, por exemplo, na Bacia de Campos ou de Santos. Devido à falta de infra-estrutura e às características do petróleo desses campos, a cadeia de abastecimento e o sistema de exportação da produção possuem grande importância para a indústria offshore. Uma maneira usual para a exportação da produção é através de dutos submarinos, onde o óleo e/ou a gás flui das plataformas diretamente para o continente. Com esta infra-estrutura é possível a utilização de sistemas de produção sem capacidade de armazenamento e, conseqüentemente, torna-se desnecessário o uso de navios para o alívio da produção. No entanto, devido à qualidade do óleo e às distâncias entre os poços e a costa em alguns campos brasileiros, a utilização dos oleodutos mostra-se uma solução pouco viável. Por este motivo, é bastante comum o uso de FPSOs ou semi-submersíveis conectadas a sistemas auxiliares, como o FSO (Floating Storage and Offloading). Nas plataformas, outra característica importante e desejada é tornar viável o uso de um sistema de completação seca (árvore de Natal acima da linha dágua) com o objetivo de diminuir, significativamente, os custos operacionais envolvidos. Esse tipo de completação é utilizado, com excelência, por unidade do tipo TLWP ou Spar, devido ao baixo nível dos movimentos e acelerações observadas nestas plataformas. Entretanto, as condições ambientais severas amplificam as dificuldades para encontrar um sistema com grande capacidade de armazenamento e que permita o uso de completação seca. Neste contexto, pesquisadores e engenheiros estão sendo obrigados a desenvolver novos conceitos capazes de atender a essa demanda. Desta forma, uma nova solução, considerando um FPSO e uma TLWP operando a uma curta distância e trabalhando de forma acoplada com a conexão garantida por cabos sintéticos vem sendo estudada. Essencialmente, o grande atrativo deste conceito é o fato de que toda a produção e o armazenamento são concentrados no FPSO e a TLWP é responsável pela perfuração e extração dos hidrocarbonetos através de risers verticais. Assim o sistema trabalhando de forma conjunta possui capacidade de armazenamento e permite o uso da completação seca. Nesta dissertação, foi realizado um estudo sobre a evolução deste novo conceito, dividido em três fases. A primeira focada no dimensionamento do sistema de conexão e ancoragem das unidades e em uma investigação da interação hidrodinâmica entre as unidades de forma a mostrar a viabilidade do sistema. A segunda fase, focada na validação dos resultados por meio da comparação com os testes realizados no modelo em escala do NMRI (National Maritime Research Institute - Japão). Finalmente, a terceira fase, com foco no redimensionamento do sistema de amarração e no sistema de conexão, com base nos resultados obtidos na segunda fase.The oil and gas production in Brazilian fields are commonly found in deep water and situated far away from the coast, reaching distances of more than 100 km as, for example, in the Campos Basin or Santos Basin. Due to the heavy oil and lack of pipeline infrastructure found in these fields, not only subsea equipments that must support high pressure but also logistics problems such as supply chain and production exportation system play an important role for the offshore industry. A usual way to export the production is to concentrate it in hubs of submarine pipelines which flows the oil or gas from the platforms to the continent. This infrastructure makes possible the use of no storage production systems and, consequently, releases the use of the shuttle tanks employment. However, due to the quality of the oil and the distances between the wells and the coast, some Brazilian fields do not allow the use of the pipelines to export their production. For this reason, is quite common to use FPSO and semi-submersible aided by auxiliary systems such as the FSO (Floating Storage and Offloading) units. Another important and desired characteristic of production platforms is to make it feasible to install a dry Christmas tree system aiming to decrease, significantly, operational costs involved. This feature is performed, with excellence, by TLWP and Spar units due to the low level of motions and accelerations observed in these platforms. Harsh environmental conditions can bring difficulties to find a solution of a system with both storage and dry tree system capability. In this context, researchers and engineers are being forced to develop new technological systems capable to support this demand. In this way, a new solution considering a FPSO and a TLWP coupled in a short distance by synthetic ropes has being studied. Essentially, the attractive feature of this concept is the fact that the production is performed by the FPSO whereas the TLWP is responsible to support the risers and drilling facilities turning the system coupled, equipped with a dry Christmas tree and with the possibility to storage the production. By now, the concept evolution has been divided in three phases. The first phase concerned about an advanced research focusing on the connection and mooring system development and the hydrodynamic interaction between the units and having in mind the verification of the concept feasibility. The second phase, concerned about the results validation by a comparison with scale model tests performed in the NMRI (National Maritime Research Institute Japan). Finally, the third phase, has the focus in the mooring and connection system resizing based on the results obtained on second phase.
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Li, Jianhua. "Modelling semantic knowledge for a word completion task". 2006. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=450334&T=F.
Testo completo
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Dumpert, Jason James. "Towards supervised autonomous task completion using an in vivo surgical robot". 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1902406691&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=14215&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2009.Title from title screen (site viewed July 8, 2010). PDF text: xi, 200 p. : ill. (chiefly col.) ; 12 Mb. UMI publication number: AAT 3378560. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfilm and microfiche formats.
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Williams, Joshua Murry. "Improved manipulator configurations for grasping and task completion based on manipulability". Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2010-12-2174.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
When a robotic system executes a task, there are a number of responsibilities that belong to either the operator and/or the robot. A more autonomous system has more responsibilities in the completion of a task and must possess the decision making skills necessary to adequately deal with these responsibilities. The system must also handle environmental constraints that limit the region of operability and complicate the execution of tasks. There are decisions about the robot’s internal configuration and how the manipulator should move through space, avoid obstacles, and grasp objects. These motions usually have limits and performance requirements associated with them.
Successful completion of tasks in a given environment is aided by knowledge of the robot’s capabilities in its workspace. This not only indicates if a task is possible but can suggest how a task should be completed. In this work, we develop a grasping strategy for selecting and attaining grasp configurations for flexible tasks in environments containing obstacles. This is done by sampling for valid grasping configurations at locations throughout the workspace to generate a task plane. Locations in the task plane that contain more valid configurations are stipulated to have higher dexterity and thus provide greater manipulability of targets. For valid configurations found in the plane, we develop a strategy for selecting which configurations to choose when grasping and/or placing an object at a given location in the workspace.
These workspace task planes can also be utilized as a design tool to configure the system around the manipulator’s capabilities. We determine the quality of manipulator positioning in the workspace based on manipulability and locate the best location of targets for manipulation. The knowledge of valid manipulator configurations throughout the workspace can be used to extend the application of task planes to motion planning between grasping configurations. This guides the end-effector through more dexterous workspace regions and to configurations that move the arm away from obstacles.
The task plane technique employed here accurately captures a manipulator’s capabilities. Initial tests for exploiting these capabilities for system design and operation were successful, thus demonstrating this method as a viable starting point for incrementally increasing system autonomy.text
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Godfrey, Maureen. "The effect of instructional framing on children’s task completion and classroom compliance". Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/7358.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
To help children achieve academic goals, teachers must have specific,
easy to administer, effective classroom management techniques. In the
present study the potential of the “framing effect” for classroom management
was explored. The term “framing effect” refers to the finding that people’s
choices are affected by changes in how a situation is described or “framed”.
Framing studies with adults have consistently shown that decisions made by
adults are affected by the manner in which information is presented to them.
The present study extended framing research from adult contexts to children
in the classroom. It examined whether the way in which a teacher frames an
instruction, makes a difference in children’s decisions to follow instructions.
Approximately 100 grade three and four students were instructed by
their teachers (a) to complete an academic task and (b) to comply with a
behavioral request, in two separate experiments. The teachers used
unframed, and positive and negative framed instructions, including both
individual and group consequences. The resulting student behavior was
recorded. Analysis of group means was done using a-priori contrasts to
determine if there was a treatment (framing) effect.
Results confirmed the hypotheses that framed instructions would result
in a reliably higher rate of task completion and behavioral compliance than
unframed instruction. Improvement rates in task completion and behavioral
compliance ranged from 20% to 30% over the five classes, and 20% to 70% in
32 out of 40 contrasts in individual classrooms. There was no reliable
difference in task completion or behavioral compliance between positive or
negative framing or between group or individual consequences. Exploratory
analysis indicated no reliable sex difference.
Qualitative analysis indicated teachers were unanimous in their
impression that the framed instructions were effective in increasing children’s
appropriate responses to instructions.
Future research might include the investigation of sex differences in
framing response at various grade levels, investigation of the effect of the use
of a time limit as a framing component, and the relationship between different
framing components and personality constructs.
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Schütz, Kristina [Verfasser]. "Semantic and form priming in fragment completion : evidence for subliminal activation in a complex language-task / von Kristina Schütz". 2007. http://d-nb.info/983472912/34.
Testo completo
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Preiss, Sabrina Roswitha. "Influences of reminders on task completion and motivation in the short-run of Millennials : Germany compared to other nations". Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/25357.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
More and more tasks need to be performed in our daily lives, and everyone is overwhelmed with a tremendous amount of duties, in both the private and/or work context. This master thesis represents research regarding reminders and if it influences motivation and task completion in the short-run of the Millennial generation. Data collection was gathered from 32 countries to have a source of comparison, but the focus is on Germans.
Two scales suggested by Lynch Jr., et al., (2010) (propensity to plan) and Fries and Lang, (2006) (approach tendency [hope of success] and avoidance tendency [fear of failure]) were analyzed.
In terms of methodology, this dissertation is divided into an exploratory and quantitative study, whereby one interview (qualitative study) was made by a student. The model is based on significant research literature and its dynamics were investigated by utilizing a structured and self-administered online questionnaire with a convenience sample of 428 respondents in the first survey and 252 participants in the second survey.
The main findings are that reminders have a negative effect on task completion since they lead to procrastination of tasks. Furthermore, Millennials prefer a healthy work-life balance in order to be motivated and to perform tasks more efficiently. The framework might serve as a tool for employers to better understand Millennials behaviors regarding motivation and task completion.
Lastly, this dissertation added relevant information in the area of research about consumer behavior, however, some implications for future research are identified in the last chapter.Cada vez mais tarefas têm de ser realizadas no nosso cotidiano, por consequência, todos estamos sobrecarregados com compromissos seja de âmbito pessoal ou laboral. Esta tese de mestrado representa a pesquisa sobre os lembretes bem como, a respectiva influência na motivação e conclusão de tarefas no curto prazo pela geração Millennial. A recolha de dados foi coletada em 32 países de forma a permitir uma comparação, contudo o foco da tese são os Millennials alemães. Foram analizadas duas escalas a de Lynch Jr., et al., (2010) (propensão para planear) e de Fries and Lang, (2006) (tendência de aproximação [esperança de sucesso] e tendência em evitar [medo do fracasso]). Em termos de metodologia, esta tese divide-se numa parte de estudo exploratório, estudo quantitativo e um estudo qualitativo através de uma entrevista a um aluno. O modelo implementado baseia-se em investigação bibliográfica e um questionário online estruturado e auto-admnistrado com uma amostra de 428 participantes no primeiro questionário e 252 partcipantes no segundo. Os principais resultados da pesquisa demonstram que os lembretes produzem um efeito negativo no cumprimento das tarefas, levando à procrastinação das mesmas. Além disso, os Millennials preferem uma vida profissional equilibrada de forma a desempenharem as suas tarefas eficientemente. Esta abordagem pode servir como instrumento para uma melhor compreensão pelas entidades empregadoras, dos comportamentos e motivação dos Millennials no cumprimentos das tarefas. Por último, esta tese acrescenta informações relevantes na área da pesquisa sobre o comportmento do consumidor, porém algumas implicações para futuras pesquisas foram identificadas no último capítulo.