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1
Lee, Amanda Savio. "Communication Behaviour in Adults with Stuttering". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Communication Disorders, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9466.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose: Adults with stuttering (AWS) commonly demonstrate verbal avoidance behaviours as a result of speech-related anxiety. This can result in an experience of ‘communication restriction’. By nature, verbal avoidance and communication restriction are difficult to evaluate objectively, and existing evidence consists primarily of self-report data from qualitative interviews. However, recent preliminary evidence indicates the potential utility of systemic functional linguistics (SFL; Halliday, 1985) to this area of research. The SFL framework provides quantitative analyses for the objective examination of language use in sociolinguistic contexts. Recent data also suggest that the confrontation naming paradigm may be a second possible means for quantitatively evaluating aspects of functional linguistic behaviour in AWS. The purpose of the present study was to identify specific patterns of conversational language and confrontation naming behaviour in AWS using an objective methodology, and to explore these behaviours within the context of stuttering intervention and with reference to the experience of communication restriction.
Method: Twenty AWS (14 males, 6 females) and 20 matched controls (AWNS), aged between 16 and 56 years, were recruited for this study. All participants were native speakers of English with no cognitive, language, motor speech, or hearing impairment (with the exception of stuttering in AWS). All participants completed: (a) self-rating scales of general and communication-related attitudes and anxiety; (b) the UC Picture ID (O’Beirne, 2011) picture naming task, designed to objectively evaluate verbal avoidance behaviour; and (c) 10 minutes of spontaneous conversation with an examiner, loosely structured around a range of set topics. For the AWS participants, these procedures were completed pre- and post-attendance at either the Naturalness Intensive Programme in Christchurch, New Zealand (NZ), or the Intensive Stuttering Clinic (Blomgren, 2009) in Salt Lake City, USA (US). All conversational samples were analysed using both conventional and SFL-based analyses. Specifically, the quantity and complexity of verbal output, as well as the frequency of use of transitivity, modality, appraisal, and thematic resources, were examined.
To identify group differences on all measures between AWNS and AWS at both pre- and post-treatment, two-tailed independent samples t-tests and Mann-Whitney U-tests were conducted. To compare the performance of AWS between pre- and post-treatment, two-tailed paired t-tests and Wilcoxon matched pairs signed ranks tests were used. Group comparisons were conducted for the full participant group, as well as separately for the NZ and US subgroups. Pearson correlation matrices were also constructed, to identify linear relationships between measures. Correlations between conventional and SFL analyses of linguistic behaviour were of particular interest.
Results: Group differences for each subgroup were generally consistent with those for the full participant group. (a) AWS demonstrated higher social anxiety than AWNS at pre-treatment, but self-reported anxiety levels and stuttering impact decreased following treatment. (b) No differences were found across comparisons for confrontation naming performance on the UC Picture ID task. (c) In conversation, AWS produced consistently less language than AWNS, and produced less complex language than AWNS at pre-treatment, as shown by conventional and SFL indices. Specific SFL measures revealed fewer politeness-marking modal operators, more frequent comment adjuncts, and reduced expression of appraisal in the spontaneous language of AWS. Improvements in most of these areas were seen following treatment.
The results of the correlational analyses showed that self-report scale outcomes were not linearly correlated to actual performance on any linguistic measures. However, positive correlations were observed between basic linguistic indices (i.e., language productivity and complexity) from the conventional and SFL approaches. An interesting negative correlation between language productivity and frequency of use of comment adjuncts was also seen.
Conclusions: The current study extends available preliminary evidence on language use in AWS. Linguistic patterns identified in the conversational language of AWS suggest a reduced openness to interpersonal engagement within communication exchanges, which may restrict the experience of such exchanges. The data indicate that conventional and SFL analyses are interchangeable at a basic level, but also exemplify the unique utility of the SFL framework for examining specific aspects of language functionality within social context. Although AWS and AWNS were not found to differ in performance on the UC Picture ID task, the observations provide insight into the conditions under which verbal avoidance behaviours may be prone to occurring. Finally, the lack of straightforward correlations between self-reported anxiety and avoidance on the one hand, and various linguistic-behavioural indicators on the other, highlights the importance of a multidimensional, holistic approach to clinical stuttering evaluation.
2
Bonnett, John. "Communication, complexity and empire, the systemic thought of Harold Adams Innis". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ66124.pdf.
Testo completo
3
Connor, Simon Barrie. "Communication self concept in secondary schools : an exploratory analysis". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3201.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Recent government policy has identified Speech, Language and Communications (SLCN) as key and essential to each child’s potential to achieve in school. The Bercow Report (Bercow 2008) was commissioned in order to review support for SLCN in the UK. Following a systematic review, Bercow highlighted (amongst other issues) a level of inconsistency associated with SLCN support in UK secondary schools . Despite general agreement that input is required in order to improve “communication” in secondary schools, a productive discussion in number of subsequent publications is limited (see Lindsay 2008 and discussion in literature review section in Appendix K), seemingly due lack of clarity regarding the precise definition of the term and the types of issues that interventions need to address. Furthermore, school based communication interventions to date have only focused on teacher-child communication, therefore, the current research aims to specify and investigate the concept of “communication” in a school setting on two different levels: within individual (self) and perceptions of others (leading to a more systemic perspective). First, on a personal level, a pupil’s own self concept of communicational abilities is assessed (paper 1). Second, on an organisational level, the way in which pupils and teachers as well as senior managerial staff view the quality of communication in the school (paper 2). This research assumes a view of communication which stretches beyond traditional models of language processing e.g. referring to syntax, phonology, morphology and pragmatics and interprets the term more widely to refer to any barrier (cognitive or otherwise) which disrupts the understanding or processing of language. The research presented in this thesis refers to one area in particular (communication self-concept) which falls inside this definition but would not be considered on most language audits and assessments (and is therefore unlikely to be considered in secondary schools). The term “Communication Self Concept” (CSC) refers to a person’s own views of their communicative ability and in this instance was borne initially out of more general work around “academic self-concept” by Marsh (1990) (see section 2.2 for discussion). Academic self-concept has been subdivided into a range of subject specific constructs which have been found to be highly predictive of academic attainment (Valentine et al 2004). Given the principal role of communication across a range of different disciplines it was considered that communication self-concept may have the potential to be highly predictive of academic attainment in school (see section 2.2 for discussion). Paper one therefore was split into two parts, the first part aimed to create a measure of communication self-concept and in the second to look at the extent to which it is able to uniquely predict academic attainment in English (see section 2.4.2 for discussion). Paper one concludes that the Communication Self Concept Questionnaire (CSCQ) is able to significantly predict academic attainment in English and is distinct from other predictors, such as English self-concept and Communication competence. Paper two continues to build on the theme of communication within secondary schools by exploring the views of children in two schools about communication in order to gain a wider perspective on potential barriers to communicating, which may also impact on their levels of communication self-concept. In addition to this, the paper also explores communication from an organisational perspective via interviews with senior management and staff. The aim of conducting interviews with staff was to gain an impression of the general issues surrounding communication from an institutional and inter-staff level. A range of themes were identified on a staff and child level. Themes related centrally to poor mutual (staff to staff, child to staff) awareness of each other’s respective roles and responsibilities at school. Sources of this issue appear to partly relate to time pressure and inconsistent staffing, both of which also contributed independently to poor communication in school. More crucially however, staff generally discussed feeling unable to communicate with their peers (i.e. other members of staff) for similar reasons to the children which was indicative of poor communication self-concept as defined in the previous study. Whilst the work in this thesis is exploratory in nature, it establishes the potentially important role of communication self-concept alongside more traditional communication related constructs (discussed in section 2.2 and appendix K). Furthermore, the thesis highlights the need for communication intervention to encompass an entire institution and questions the value of school based communication interventions which only focus on teacher-child communication. Questions regarding the extent to which communication self-concept on an organisational / staffing level impacts on child communication self-concept are discussed with respect to Social Cognitive Theory and Self-Efficacy Theory (Bandura 1982;1989).
4
Williams, A. Lynn. "Assessment and Intervention from a Systemic Perspective". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://www.amzn.com/0470723645.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Book Summary: Caroline Bowen’s Children’s Speech Sound Disorders will be welcomed by experienced and novice clinicians, clinical educators, and students in the field of speech-language pathology/speech and language therapy for its practical, clinical focus. Drawing on the evidence base where possible, and making important theory to practice links overt, Bowen enhances her comprehensive account of assessment and clinical management of children with protracted or problematic speech development, with the addition of forty nine expert essays. These unique contributions are authored by fifty one internationally respected academicians, clinicians, researchers and thinkers representing a range of work settings, expertise, paradigms and theoretical orientations. In response to frequently asked questions about their work they address key theoretical, assessment, intervention, and service delivery issues.
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Khatoonabadi, Ahmad, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture e School of Agriculture and Rural Development. "Systemic communication and performance : a humanist learning approach to agricultural extension and rural development". THESIS_FEMA_ARD_Khatoonabadi_A.xml, 1994. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/641.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study posits a model of 'rural extension' which begins from humans, not from technology or information. The model has been used to facilitate community development at the village level. The research illustrates the potential of drama and participative forms of theatre as empowering 'action' learning/researching tools to reach people in rural communities, and as a means of involving those communities in creativity and learning about themselves and their environment collaboratively. The writer seeks to integrate participatory approaches with community development and human inquiry, humanistic approaches to education, experiential learning theories, and drama education theories and methods. The central questions which this research addresses are : 1/. What are the functions and the methods of participative theatre (as systemic communication) in the process of social change and development? and 2/. How can these participative forms of theatre elicit whole aspects of local knowledge, that is, tacit/explicit knowledge, facilitate learning and foster critical thinking through grass-roots participation? The ideas were formulated and tested through intensive field experiences with Iranian nomads, Iranian farmers, immigrant farmers in NSW, Australia, and within a number of workshops with different groups of students at Hawkesbury. This includes a critique of rural development in Iran, examinations of rural extension from a critical perspective, drama and theatre as process, learning and conscientization, personal construct psychology, systems thinking, learning through metaphor, action theory, Boal's participative forum theatre theory, and action research. Finally, the study explores drama as a form of systemic communication (that is, dialogue through a number of group activity techniques)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
6
Khatoonabadi, Ahmad. "Systemic communication and performance : a humanist learning approach to agricultural extension and rural development". Thesis, View thesis, 1994. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/641.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study posits a model of 'rural extension' which begins from humans, not from technology or information. The model has been used to facilitate community development at the village level. The research illustrates the potential of drama and participative forms of theatre as empowering 'action' learning/researching tools to reach people in rural communities, and as a means of involving those communities in creativity and learning about themselves and their environment collaboratively. The writer seeks to integrate participatory approaches with community development and human inquiry, humanistic approaches to education, experiential learning theories, and drama education theories and methods. The central questions which this research addresses are : 1/. What are the functions and the methods of participative theatre (as systemic communication) in the process of social change and development? and 2/. How can these participative forms of theatre elicit whole aspects of local knowledge, that is, tacit/explicit knowledge, facilitate learning and foster critical thinking through grass-roots participation? The ideas were formulated and tested through intensive field experiences with Iranian nomads, Iranian farmers, immigrant farmers in NSW, Australia, and within a number of workshops with different groups of students at Hawkesbury. This includes a critique of rural development in Iran, examinations of rural extension from a critical perspective, drama and theatre as process, learning and conscientization, personal construct psychology, systems thinking, learning through metaphor, action theory, Boal's participative forum theatre theory, and action research. Finally, the study explores drama as a form of systemic communication (that is, dialogue through a number of group activity techniques)
7
Khatoonabadi, Ahmad. "Systemic communication and performance : a humanist learning approach to agricultural extension and rural development /". View thesis, 1994. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20060509.105028/index.html.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury,1994. Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, Nepean,1994.A thesis submitted to the School of Agriculture and Rural Development, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, and The Faculty of Visual and Performing Arts, University of Western Sydney Nepean, in part fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliography - leaves 310 - 328 and appendices.
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Ho, Miu-chun Michelle. "The application of systemic functional linguistics to teaching individual brief narrative speaking to junior secondary students Xi tong gong neng yu yan xue zai chu zhong ji shi duan jiang jiao xue de ying yong /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37520350.
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Dahl, Rebecca, Larysa Metanchuk e Steve Marshall. "Engaging Action : A Systemic Approach to Communication Design of Social Marketing Campaigns for Behaviour Adoption". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4206.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Shifting towards sustainability in environmental, social and economic systems is an urgent concern for society today. In order to contribute to this, the thesis focuses on behaviour orientated social marketing campaigns, which can complement the broader changes required. This study adds knowledge to communication design for social marketing campaigns to improve the conversion of information to action helping move society towards a more sustainable future. Results, drawn from the literature, case studies and interviews, demonstrated the need for a shared vision, detailed knowledge of both the audience and behaviour, development of a network to support the campaign and better use of behavioural psychology and social media. Overall it was found that a more strategic approach is needed during the design and implementation of social marketing campaigns. The Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development (FSSD) was used to structure findings and provide context for campaigners. In practice the FSSD would be used to inform The Strategic Planning Process (SPP), proposed for development of social marketing campaigns that move society towards sustainability.
10
Vandeyar, Kaminthia. "A systemic analysis of postgraduate students' experiences of computer mediated communication in a Web-based learning environment". Diss., Pretoria : [S.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09062005-140257/.
Testo completo
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Togher, Leanne. "Interpersonal communication skills in the traumatic brain injury population: An analysis across situations". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8199.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT This thesis investigates a range of everyday interactions of traumatic brain injury (TBI) subjects when compared with control subjects to examine whether there are differences in the overall structure of interactions, in the way information is exchanged and in the wording which is used. Analyses from systemic functional linguistics including generic structure potential analysis, exchange structure analysis and analysis of politeness markers were used to examine the interactional impairments reported to follow TBI. Results indicated that TBI subjects differed from controls in their use of interpersonal language resources. These differences were exaggerated when subjects were interacting with someone in authority. When placed in a more powerful role, TBI subjects were able to utilise language resources to a similar extent to controls across the three levels of analysis. This thesis has important implications for the assessment and management of interactional communication impairments which may follow TBI, including suggestions for therapy with the person with TBI and for communication partners of people with TBI including therapists, family members and the community.
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Raaff, Carol Anne. "Facilitating communication with overweight children in dietetic settings : development and feasibility testing of an interactive e-resource (Feed-back)". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37433/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Child obesity is a significant health concern and treatment typically involves referral to child weight management services (CWM). Evidence suggests that preadolescent children may benefit from greater involvement in their treatment but the younger child can find it difficult to enter treatment discussions, and being overweight can negatively affect child self-esteem and capacity to communicate. Digital technology has the potential to provide scaffolding for child consultations with dietitians by presenting information in an accessible, engaging and interactive format. This research aimed to develop a theory driven, evidence-based interactive e-resource (Feed-back) and to explore the feasibility and acceptability of using Feed-back to facilitate communication between children aged 7 to 11 years and the dietitian within child weight management appointments.
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Abate, Brianna Lynne. "The Perfect Storm: A Systemic Analysis of the Apologetic Rhetoric of Hurricane Katrina". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1218494380.
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Dobrovolný, Tomáš. "Leader organizace v informační / znalostní společnosti". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-19150.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The thesis aims to analyze the role and work as a leader in the organization through systemic approaches and systemic thinking. Highlight the changes coming with the transition to an information / knowledge society and the replacement of manual workers' by knowledge workers. Emphasize the importance that not only tools have changed, but also paradigm. Take leader as a complex person, not only as an instrument of power, and find a way to balance on the way to his goal in such turbulent times. Look at the organization as a system by system theory and find a correct set of functionality. Starting with creation of rules, through the issue of putting the right elements to ensure the desired interactions between them.
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Seyed, Alavi Seyed Mohammad. "Language Development in Personal and Social Systems: Second Language Development from an Autopoietic Systemic Perspective". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37135.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Over the past two decades, holistic and systemic approaches to second language development have begun to draw the attention of scholars in the field of SLA. These studies are primarily informed by complexity theory, which emerged from the general systems theory. General systems theory, however, has another important theoretical offshoot in social sciences, namely autopoietic systems theory. An investigation of conceptual tools drawn from the latter theory has been absent in the field of second language education.
This paper seeks to explore how systemic thinking has improved the field’s understanding of the complexity of the L2 development. It then explores the possibilities for incorporating autopoietic systems theory into complexity thinking to better understand the dynamics of L2 development at personal and social levels. Finally, it will highlight two insights from a systemic analysis of language development in L2 classroom groupings. These insights build on each other to describe L2 development from a systemic perspective. By exploring and bringing together these theoretical perspectives, this paper hopes to shed light on how complexity theory can provide a systemic description of L2 development.
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Bernal, Gladys R. "THE VOICES OF FAMILIES AND SOCIAL WORKERS IN THE FAMILY REUNIFICATION SYSTEM". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/480.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This research project aims to explore the perceptions of professional service needs from county social workers and parents seeking reunification at Walden Family Services in San Bernardino. This research study gathers the professional perspective and personal opinions of social workers that work closely with parents who are attempting to reunify with their children and the perspective of parents going through the process of attempting to reunify. This research project explores the positive and negative themes that were found from the feedback given from social workers and parents.
The following study provides important insight into areas that can be improved from social workers and parents working together. The findings can help social workers understand the perspectives of parents going through the reunification process and provide insight into the barriers that might be hindering them from being successful. The findings can be of assistance to social workers working with parents in the social welfare system as they may assist in prioritizing attention to drop-out rates of services, poverty, social work expectation towards parents and the quality of social workers in general. Vise-versa, these findings can be a help to parents understand the viewpoints of social workers and their expectations social workers have on them.
Ultimately, the research aims to provide insights on barriers that are impeding social workers and parents from working together effectively and working as a team. The following study is an exploratory research project that explores the discrepancies in perspectives from these two different groups. This qualitative study utilizes face to face interviews with open-ended questions as the tool to collect data from participants. The two central themes that emerged during the study were the emphasis both groups placed on the importance of communication and recognition of systemic barriers that prevent parents and social workers to be successful. Based on the qualitative responses of the eight participants in this study, the researcher has concluded that there is a discrepancy between perception of professional service needs from social workers and parents.
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Ho, Miu-chun Michelle, e 賀妙珍. "The application of systemic functional linguistics to teaching individual brief narrative speaking to junior secondarystudents =". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37520350.
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Bergsten, Linnea. "Communication and Resilience in a Crisis Management Exercise : A qualitative study of the communication of a staff leading the rescue work during a simulated ferry fire, understood through the systemic resilience model". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-152124.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study concerns communication in a crisis management exercise with a resilience perspective. The staff’s communication during a crisis management exercise, a simulating a ferry fire, facilitated by DARWIN, a European research project in resilience, is analysed with thematic analysis and understood through the Systemic Resilience (SyRes) model (Lundberg & Johansson, 2015)which combines different aspects of resilience. The main themes found are The Staff’s Decision Making, Operational Care of Affected Persons,and Communication. The staff’s decision makingconsist of the following subthemes: SituationAnalysis, Value of Measuresand Delegation.Operational care of Affected Personsinvolves the themes Transport,and Healthcare. Communicationconsists of the subthemes Stakeholders, and External Communication. The themes are connected in the way that in order to make informed decisions about the operational care ofaffected persons, the staff need to communicate with external stakeholders. The themes could be understood through the functions in the SyRes model as they share elements with, could be seen as parts of, or in another way could fit into the adaptive functions of the SyRes model. This study found themes in the communication of a staff in crisis management. These themes seem to be central for this staff, are reflected in the SyRes model and would reflect what is important for a staff to behave resilient. That is why it would be suggested to examine if the staff’s in crisis management are supported in their work involving these themes.
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Glazunova, Sofya. "Digital media as a tool for non-systemic opposition in Russia: A case study of Alexey Navalny's populist communications on YouTube". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/205667/1/Sofya_Glazunova_Thesis.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis looks at the digital communication strategies of outsiders of Russian politics opposed to the current political elite. This research contributes a case study of Russia’s popular opposition leader Alexey Navalny to the vibrant research fields of populism, investigative journalism, and digital media. The study concludes that the combination of investigative journalism and digital activism practices embedded in the populist style of communication on YouTube contributes to the survival of Russian opposition in the public sphere.
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Pin, Didier. "Approche communicationnelle de l'organisation humaine des systèmes d'information". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4347.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cette thèse présente le rôle de la communication dans l'organisation humaine du Système d'Information d'une Université. Par organisation humaine, nous entendons l'ensemble des différents groupes sociotechniques constituant les services fonctionnels et techniques d'un Etablissement. L'approche communicationnelle est, ici, le fil conducteur pour comprendre les interactions individuelles et collectives des acteurs au sein des services. Notre statut de Directeur de la DSI de l'Université Paul Cézanne nous a permis de conduire une recherche compréhensive de terrain. Celle-ci a particulièrement mis en évidence les logiques relationnelles qui donnent une plus grande efficacité au système d'information. La question de départ est donc de savoir comment optimiser le SI d'une Université. Pour répondre à cette question, nous sommes allé chercher dans les Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication, les fondements théoriques de la mise en relation. Les travaux de l'Ecole de Palo Alto et particulièrement sa mise en application dans le modèle orchestral nous ont donné des outils conceptuels pour construire une meilleure compréhension de la dynamique des relations. La Communication devenait ainsi la clé des pratiques et des usages communs qui construisent un SI. Elle devient un catalyseur de la compréhension entre les métiers et même, sous certains aspects, le lien entre les facteurs techniques et humains. Grâce à notre démarche, à la fois conceptuelle (celle du doctorant) et pratique (celle du professionnel), nous avons identifié les différentes visions du SI perçues par les acteurs et nous avons mis en avant leurs ambivalences et leurs complémentaritésThis thesis presents the role of communication in human organization of the University's Information System. By human organization, we mean all the different socio-technical groups constituting the technical servicing of an establishment. The approach is communicative, here the link to understand the interactions of individual and collective actors within departments. Our status as DSI Director of the University Paul Cézanne has allowed us to conduct a comprehensive research field. This was particularly highlighted the relational logics that give greater efficiency to the information system. The initial question is how to optimize the IF of a University. To answer this question, we looked for in Information Science and Communication, the theoretical foundations linking. The work of the School of Palo Alto and especially its implementation in the orchestral model gave us the conceptual tools to build a better understanding of the dynamics of relationships. Communication thus became the key practices and common usage that build an IS. It becomes a catalyst for understanding between business and even, in some respects, the link between the technical and human factors. With our approach, both conceptual (the PhD's) and practice (the profesionnal's), we identified the different visions of SI perceived by the actors and we have put forward their ambivalence and their complementarities. Therefore, the computational aspects are generally put forward a simple vision repositioned as special issue of one of the groups, the engineers' one
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Dreyfus, Shoshana Judith. "When there is no speech a case study of the nonverbal multimodal communication of a child with an intellectual disability /". Access electronically, 2006. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20070815.141153/index.html.
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Dick, Bailey Gallagher. "Historicizing #MeToo: The Systemic Devaluation of First-Person Accounts of Gender-Based Violence by the News Industry". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1627928416678198.
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Hassani, Nadia. "Résolution des problèmes de communication dans les organisations : de l'approche de Palo Alto à l'intervention écosystémique". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30017.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ce travail de recherche propose une exploration des ouvrages de référence du courant de pensée dit« de Palo Alto » ainsi qu’une immersion dans l’univers de la pratique de l’intervention systémiquebrève, qui n’est autre que l’application hors champ thérapeutique de la thérapie brève systémiqueconçue et développée par ce groupe de chercheurs transdisciplinaire à partir des années 1960 auxEtats-Unis. L’ISB connaît aujourd’hui un rayonnement international, et les plus grandesorganisations publiques ou privées font appel à des spécialistes de ce modèle pour résoudre leursproblèmes de communication. Pourtant, celui-ci reste encore peu reconnu par les professionnels dessciences de l’information et de la communication (SIC).Articulée en deux parties complémentaires (la première étant consacrée aux fondements théoriquesdu modèle, et la seconde à ses modalités d’application au sein des organisations), cette étude a pourobjectif de nourrir les réflexions actuelles sur la place à accorder au sein des SIC à ce modèle derésolution des problèmes de communication au sein des organisations ainsi qu’au rôle que celui-cipourrait jouer dans la prévention des risques psychosociaux et dans la responsabilité sociétale desorganisationsThis research proposes an exploration of the works of reference of the Palo Alto' school thought andan immersion in the world of the practice of brief systemic intervention, which is the application -outside the therapeutic field - of the brief systemic therapy designed and developed by a group ofinterdisciplinary researchers from the 1960s in the United States. Brief systemic intervention isexperiencing an international reputation, and the largest public and private organizations employspecialists of this model to solve their communication problems. However, it is still not widelyapproved by professionals in sciences of information and communication (SIC). Articulated in twocomplementary parts (the first one is devoted to the theoretical foundations of the model, and thesecond one to its implementing rules within organizations), this study aims to stimulate the currentreflections about the place given in the SIC to this communication problems solving model withinorganizations and the role that it could play in the prevention of psychosocial risks and thecorporate social responsability
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Vlasceanu, Madalina. "Le politique et son blog en campagne électorale : de la production et des usages en France et en Roumanie dans les années 2000". Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030101.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
En période électorale et plus globalement dans un contexte de crise démocratique, le politique investit souvent un ou plusieurs outils d’autopublication en ligne. En prenant comme cas particulier le blog, nous tâcherons de comprendre pourquoi et comment le politique utilise cet outil. De manière plus spécifique, notre travail interroge la notion d’« usage communicationnel ». Peut-on envisager une« construction » et une « forme » de cet usage ? Dans quelle mesure peut-on parler d’une autonomie du politique concernant l’usage du blog ? Qu’en est-il de la communication entendue comme relation, échange ? Pour y répondre et rendre compte d’une dynamique sociotechnique, nous convoquons une approche systémique à l’égard du blog. À travers une analyse qualitative à la fois synchronique et diachronique (2008-2011), nous mettons en parallèle quatre blogs dont deux appartiennent à des politiques français (Dominique Bertinotti et Bertrand Delanoë) et deux à des politiques roumains (Diana Tusa et Dragos Dinca). En dépit de leurs différences, ces blogs - en l’occurrence les usages qui leurs sont attribués - reflètent un certain nombre de ressemblances regroupées autour du concept de « logique de l’usage ». Nos études de cas relèvent la présence de deux types de logiques. La première est la « logique de diffusion », une logique qui demeure dominante et pour qui le rôle des médias reste prépondérant. La deuxième, la « logique de participation » est bien plus visible en période électorale. Par ailleurs, en creusant le fil d’un échange entre le politique et les internautes, l’enquête révèle une véritable problématique d’ordre identitaire concernant les politiques, éditeurs des blogsDuring an election period, and more generally in the current context of ademocratic crisis, politicians often invest one or several self-publishing tools online.Taking the blog as a special case, we will try to understand why and how politiciansuse this tool. More specifically, our work questions the notion of “communicative use”.Can we consider a “construction” and a “form” of this use? To what extent can wespeak of a politician’s autonomy regarding the use of his blog? What aboutcommunication understood as a relationship, an exchange? To answer these questionsand examine a socio-technical dynamic, we need a systemic approach regarding theblog. Through a qualitative analysis, both synchronic and diachronic (2008-2011), fourblogs were studied in parallel: two belong to French politicians (Dominique Bertinottiand Bertrand Delanoë) and two to Romanian politicians (Tusa and Diana DragosDinca). Despite their differences, these blogs – and more specifically the usesattributed to them - reflect a number of similarities grouped around the concept of "thelogic of the use". Our case studies showed the presence of two types of logic. The firstis “the logic of broadcasting”, which currently prevails and is largely influenced by themass media. Second, “the logic of participation” is more visible during elections. Also,looking deeper into an exchange between politicians and Internet users, the surveyreveals a genuine identity problem regarding those very politicians
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Schulz, Anke [Verfasser], Andrea [Akademischer Betreuer] Rapp e Elke [Akademischer Betreuer] Teich. "Me, myself and I: A corpus-based, contrastive study of English and German computer-mediated communication from a Systemic Functional perspective / Anke Schulz. Betreuer: Andrea Rapp ; Elke Teich". Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1112088261/34.
Testo completo
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Soares, Camila Mangueira. "O pensamento fotográfico". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19217.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-10-20T17:23:29Z
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The research is based on matters related to contemporary photographic experimentation, as the relationship between files and publicly displayed works; the perception of broadcasting a speech about the creative process in promoting experience and knowledge in the field; the emergence of a production shaped as photographic projects whose nature turns to hybridity and heterogeneity of practices, supports and materials; and dialogues with the logic of digital environments and its consequences in the form of imagetic platforms. Faced with these new photographic conditions linked to aspects of diversity and mobility, this research offers some relevant paths to a relational criticism for photography as a complex communicative plot: the photographic thinking. The theoretical framework is formed by a multidisciplinary framework, consisting of two interconnected central axes. The first, of C. S. Peirce's semiotic base is dedicated to the relationships between Cecilia Salles' network process and Jorge Vieira and Mario Bunge's systemic, which includes concepts like organization, integrability and connectivity. The second uses the specific discussions on relevant photography to study Arlindo Machado, Rubens Fernandes, among others, along with Edgar Morin and Lucia Santaella's communication. The methodological strategy is interconnected to three moments: the relational critical study of problems linked to starter cases as projects, publications, archives, exhibitions and discussion events whose cut is guided by recurrent themes and trends; the relevant theoretical research to procedural fields, systemic and photographic; and the empirical treatment of procedural indices for the development prospects and properties that we bring to this study as the proposed photographic thinking
A pesquisa parte de algumas questões referentes à experimentação contemporânea fotográfica, como a relação entre arquivos e obras mostrados publicamente; a percepção da difusão de um discurso sobre o processo criativo na promoção da experiência e do conhecimento no campo; a emergência de uma produção sob o formato de projetos fotográficos cuja natureza volta-se para o hibridismo e heterogeneidade de práticas, suportes e materiais; e os diálogos com as lógicas dos ambientes digitais e suas decorrências sob a forma de plataformas imagéticas. Diante dessas novas condições do fotográfico vinculadas a aspectos de diversidade e mobilidade, a pesquisa oferece alguns caminhos pertinentes a uma crítica relacional para a fotografia enquanto uma trama comunicativa complexa: o pensamento fotográfico. O corpo teórico é formado por um quadro multidisciplinar e composto por dois eixos centrais interligados. O primeiro, de base semiótica de C. S. Peirce, dedica-se às relações entre os estudos de rede em processo de Cecilia Salles e os sistêmicos de Jorge Vieira e Mario Bunge, que inclui conceitos como de organização, integrabilidade e conectividade. O segundo, recorre às discussões específicas sobre fotografia pertinentes aos estudos de Arlindo Machado, Rubens Fernandes, dentre outros, somadas às comunicacionais de Edgar Morin e Lucia Santaella. A estratégia metodológica corresponde a três momentos interligados: o estudo crítico relacional de problemas vinculados aos casos detonadores como projetos, publicações, arquivos, exposições e eventos de debate cujo recorte é norteado pelas recorrências de temas e tendências; o levantamento teórico pertinente aos campos processual, sistêmico e fotográfico; e o tratamento empírico de índices processuais para o desenvolvimento de perspectivas e propriedades que trazemos aqui como a proposta do pensamento fotográfico
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Olson, Kristin. "Water carved out the mountains. Policy communication of Engaged Buddhists related to international development cooperation". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22363.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Not applicable.The study “Water carved out the mountains. Policy communication of Engaged Buddhists related to international development cooperation” contributes to an understanding of development from perspectives of non-denominational action among so called Engaged Buddhists. Departing from qualitative interviews with nine leaders of socially engaged organizations from five Asian countries, the systemic programming resulting from their ideals are compared to key principles and programming of international development cooperation. Responding to the question:”What policy ideals shape the development programming, and can these be linked to forms of power and the rights-based approach?” this inter-disciplinary and multi-sited study feeds into the increased interest in faith-based expressions within the general public sphere, and specifically in the development industry. Guided by the ontology of critical realism, a mixed method is used shaped by qualitative interviews and participatory observations, enabling both analysis of meanings and development programming. Based on their views on Buddhist ethics and practices, the leaders address development topics common today. Policies expressed are placed within a communication culture for change, yet not necessarily by conventional confrontational advocacy modes. Diverse understandings are at play, such as how to convey meanings of “kindness”. Although not referring to concepts common within the social and cultural structures of contemporary international development cooperation, the actors develop methods based on principles of participation in particular and the work today can also be related to other principles of the Human Rights Based Approach. The policies and programming are linked to invisible, informal and formal forms of power although informants refer to interpretations of compassion, inter-relatedness and non-dualism, among other.From a perspective of development cooperation, a hypothetical argument is advanced suggesting that the informants do not differ at substantial level related to their understanding and practice of Buddhism or their general approaches to development topics, as much as they differ regarding their approach to programming aimed at influencing forms of power. The common criticism of Buddhists not addressing power can then for this group be nuanced, and indicatively suggested not to be valid regarding invisible and informal power, but rather regarding formal power.Academic fields: Communication for development with reference to sociology of religion, political science, global studies and multi-sited ethnography.Key words: Engaged Buddhism, Civil Society Organizations, Faith-Based Organizations, Human Right Based Approach, participation, complexity/systemic approaches, power, Thich Nhath Hanh, Sister Chan Khong, Sulak Sivaraksa, Bikkhuni Dhammananda, A.T. Ariyaratne, Sarvodaya.
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Lundmark, Inger. "Klinisk hypnos inom familje- och parterapi : En explorativ studie". Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, S:t Lukas utbildningsinstitut, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-2687.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Syfte: Att öka kunskap om klinisk hypnos inom ramen för familje-/parterapi. Frågeställningar: I vilken omfattning används hypnos? När? Av vilka anledningar, samt hur? Metod: Kvalitativ, explorativ. 10 intervjuer har genomförts. Resultat: Inblick ges i systemiskt hypnosarbete, vilket kan utgöra förstudie till fortsatt forskning. Omfattning: Hypnos används i 0 - 100 % av fallen, vanligast i 40 - 50 %. När: Vid depression, ångest, affektiv-, kommunikations-, sex & samlevnadsproblem, med dissociativa klienter, trauma, ätstörningar, klienter med autistiska drag, vid kroppssymtom; smärta, mage/tarmproblem, högt blodtryck. Hypnos är särskilt givande vid problem som påverkar familjen. Anledningar: Hypnos är salutogent, ger verktyg för interaktion och bearbetning som når ickeverbala nivåer, kan ge kroppsreaktioner. Hypnos anses skonsamt, helande, effektiviserande. Hypnos upplevs ofta positivt, vilsamt för såväl klienter som terapeut. Terapeutens ensamarbete underlättas. Hur: Direkt och indirekt hypnos används, med och utan övrig familj närvarande, utifrån klientens behov. Namnet klinisk hypnos överväger, men ”visualisering, inre bild, imaginativ övning, dagdrömsteknik etc.” förekommer för att ej väcka fördomar, vilket existerar. Olika hypnostekniker exemplifieras. Diskussion: Metod och frågeställningar har god passform. Resultatet stöds av tidigare forskning och teoribildning samt pekar på nyheter; omfattningen, vikten av möjligheten att arbeta tyst, med medföljande personal, självhypnos, minska lugnande medicinering, vilsamt för terapeuten. Varför metoden ej är vidare spridd, beforskad diskuteras. Vetenskapliga studier om hypnos efterfrågas.Purpose: To increase knowledge on clinical hypnosis within the context of family/couples therapy. Questions: To what extent is hypnosis utilized? When? For what reasons, and how? Method: Qualitative, explorative. 10 interviews were made. Results: Insight is given in systemic hypnotherapy, which could form a preliminary to further research. Scope: Hypnosis is used in 0 - 100% of cases, most common in 40 - 50 %. When: For depression, anxiety, affective-, communication-, sex & relationshipproblems, with dissociative clients, trauma, eating disorders, clients with autistic traits or bodily symtoms; pain, gastrointestinal problems, high blood pressure. Hypnosis is especially rewarding when family is affected by the problem. Reasons: Hypnosis is salutogenic, adds tools for interaction and processing that reach nonverbal levels, can give body reactions. Hypnosis is regarded gentle, healing, increasing efficiency. Hypnosis often gives positive, restful experiences, for clients and therapist. Hypnosis facilitates working alone. How: Direct and indirect hypnosis is used, with or without family present, based on the clients needs . The term clinical hypnosis dominates, allthough "visualization, mental image, imaginative exercise, reverie technique etc." appears to not arouse prejudice. Hypnotic techniques are exemplified. Discussion: Method and issues are well fit. The result is supported by earlier research/theories, pointing to news; scope, the importance of the possibility to work in silence, with escorts, reduction of sedatives, selfhypnosis, restfulness for the therapist. Why the method is not further spread, researched is discussed. Scientific studies of hypnosis are requested.
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Lima-Lopes, Rodrigo Esteves de 1973. "Sociossemiótica da produção audiovisual : uma proposta metodológica para análise multimodal da comunicação em vídeo". [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/269330.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Orientador: Denise Bértoli BragaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Nesta tese tenho por objetivo propor uma metodologia de análise para comunicação multimodal em produções audiovisuais. Sua base teórica está na análise multimodal (KRESS, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2010; KRESS; VAN LEEUWEN, 1996, 2001, 2002; Lemke, 1998, 2002, 2004, 2006a, b, c) e parte do pressuposto que qualquer ato comunicacional ocorre graças a uma série de convenções de constituição atreladas à situação de comunicação. Essas convenções constituem os diversos modos de linguagem, os quais em interação permitem que os participantes de uma interação construam seu significado. Por conseguinte, acredito que todos os modos de linguagem presentes no corpus desta tese - o que incluiria, por exemplo, a linguagem visual, gestual ou qualquer outro modo de linguagem - têm seus significados expressos por meio de escolhas interrelacionadas e de importância equivalente. O corpus desta pesquisa é composto por 12 vídeos da campanha "Get a Mac" (Compre um Mac), exibida na televisão dos EUA e disponibilizada em sítios de internet. Tal campanha teve desdobramentos no Reino Unido e no Japão, locais onde foram produzidos alguns vídeos publicitários inéditos e com características próprias. Inicio essa tese com uma reflexão sobre os conceitos epistêmico-teóricos que dão origem à abordagem multimodal, para, posteriormente, discuti-la de forma crítica. Aqui pretendo estabelecer alguns pressupostos que estão na base de interpretação da discussão multimodal, e que serão constantemente retomados no processo de discussão teórica, análise e discussão dos dados. Segue-se então uma discussão sobre aplicação da Metafunção Organizacional (ou Textual) em peças audiovisuais, de forma a complementar a literatura já existente com discussões a respeito de como elementos próprios da linguagem vídeo-fílmica, além de modos de linguagem corporificados, como gestos e olhares, também poderiam ser considerados nessa equação. Passo então para uma discussão metodológica que busca não apenas apresentar o corpus de estudo deste trabalho, discutir quais foram os critérios de coleta, análise e transcrição de dados, trazer algumas considerações importantes sobre a linguagem vídeo-fílmica, bem como propor um modelo de análise para esses textos, objeto de estudo desta tese. Parto do princípio de instanciação como elemento norteador do trabalho do analista, procurando fazer um levantamento sistemático das escolhas em cada um dos modos de linguagem e discutindo como cada um deles contribui para o amálgama de signos que é o significado; observa-se, então, que a instanciação do significado faz com que as diferentes escolhas sejam condicionadas. Dessa forma, aplicarei esse modelo no corpus de pesquisa. Exploro como o conceito de constituição pode ser utilizado na análise de textos multimodais, desenvolvendo uma reflexão sobre a forma como os diferentes constituintes dos diversos modos de linguagem podem ser analisados em conjunto nos vídeos publicitários que compõem o corpus desta pesquisa. Utilizo os resultados desta parte inicial de forma a ampliar a discussão tendo em vista diversas perspectivas, o nível do conteúdo e o discurso, o design como encontro entre o conteúdo e a produção e suas escolhas nos diferentes contextos de produção. Por fim, estabeleço uma reflexão ligada à construção do processo de coesão e fluxo de informações em textos vídeo-fílmicos, com o objetivo de entender como se constrói um sistema de referências internas que permita conectar aquilo que já foi exibido com aquilo que está aparecendo naquele exato momento na tela
Abstract: In this thesis I aim at proposing a method of analysis for multimodal communication in audio- visual productions. The theoretical framework is based on multimodal analysis (KRESS, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2010; KRESS; VAN LEEUWEN, 1996, 2001, 2002; Lemke, 1998, 2002, 2004, 2006a, b, c), which assumes that any interaction takes place due to a series of conventions tied up to the context of communication. These conventions are the different modes of language, which allow participants of an interaction to build their meaning. Therefore, I consider that all modes of language present in the corpus analysed here - which could include, for example, the visual language, gestures or any other mode of language - have their meanings expressed through choices interrelated and of equal importance. The corpus of this research consists of 12 videos from the campaign "Get a Mac", shown in the US television and made available by Internet websites. As we shall see, this campaign was also launched in the UK and Japan, where some new videos were produced. In order to discuss my theoretical framework critically, this thesis begins with a discussion of the epistemic-theoretical concepts that give rise to a multimodal approach. Here I intend to establish some assumptions that will underlie my multimodal interpretation of the corpus, and these assumptions are going to be constantly put on back again in the theoretical discussion and data analysis. This will be followed by a discussion on realization of the Organizational (Textual) Metafunction in audio-visual pieces. This is meant to complement the existing literature with reflections on how specific elements of audio-visual language, as well as embodied modes of language such as gestures and looks could also be considered in this equation. Then, I begin a methodological discussion that seeks not only to present the corpus of the present study, my criteria for data collection, analysis and transcription, but also to propose a model to analyse these texts. I also explore some important concepts regarding audio-visual language. As a result, I assume the instantiation as a guide to the analysis and try to make a systematic survey of the choices in each of the modes of language in the videos. It was essential to understand how each mode of language contributes to the amalgamation of signs that results in meaning, which regulates the different choices. After this, I apply this model in the research corpus in order to explore how the concept of constitution can be used in the analysis of video-filmic texts and discuss how the different constituents of the modes of language can be analysed together. I use the results of this initial part to broaden the discussion on some perspectives, the level of content and discourse, the design as an encounter between content and expression and the choices in different contexts of production. Finally, I try to reflect upon cohesion and information flow in audio-visual texts. My goal in this moment was to understand how the instantiation of video texts creates a system of internal references that allows the viewer to connect what has already been shown with what is being shown at that very moment on the screen
Doutorado
Linguagem e Tecnologia
Doutor em Linguística Aplicada
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Cappellini, Marco. "Modélisation systémique des étayages dans un environnement télétandem pour le français et le chinois langues étrangères : une étude interactionniste et écologique du soutien au développement de la compétence de communication". Thesis, Lille 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL30033.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cette thèse étudie les différentes formes d'étayage que les étudiants mettent en place dans un tandem par visiocoférence poste à poste afin de s'entraider dans leurs apprentissages des langues française et chinoise. Nous passons en revue différentes études s'étant penchées sur les questions de l'apprentissage, l'interaction, l'apprentissage des langues dans l'interaction, la compétence communicative, la multimodalité de la communication médiatisée par ordinateur. Pour les fins de notre recherche, nous avons compilé un corpus de vingt heures environ d'interactions télétandem. En adoptant un positionnement épistémologique constructiviste, complexe, transdisciplinaire et compréhensif, nous élaborons une perspective interactionniste et écologique dégageant plusieurs niveaux d'analyse, analysés avant tout séparément, ensuite en les reliant. Ainsi, nous étudions les positionnements discursifs d'expertise et différentes formes de séquences latérales d'étayage langagier. A l'aide de statistiques descriptives, nous dégageons les configurations et les attracteurs du système binôme télétandem et en analysons les potentialités pour le développement de la compétence communicativeThis thesis studies different forms of scaffolding that students provide in a tandem through desktop videoconference in order to help one another in learning French and Chines as foreign languages. I review studies on learning, interaction, language learning in interaction, communicative competence, the multimodality of computer-mediated communication.For my research, I compiled a corpus of about twenty hours of teletandem interactions. I adopt an epistemological posture which is constructivist, complex, transdisciplinary and comprehensive. I elaborate an interactionist and ecological perspective bringing out different levels of analysis, analyzed separately at first, then together. In this way, I study discursive positioning of expertise and different forms of scaffolding side sequences for language learning. Using descriptive statistics tools, I identify the configurations and attractors of the teletandem pair system and I discuss their potential for the development of communicative competence
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Meschi, Eleonora. "Identification de populations neuronales contrôlant la sécrétion des insulines et la croissance en fonction de la nutrition chez Drosophila melanogaster". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4088/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
La taille finale des organismes dépend de la vitesse et de la durée de croissance. Ces paramètres sont contrôlés par différentes hormones. La production d'hormone stéroïdienne détermine la fin de la période de croissance en déclenchant la maturité sexuelle, alors que la vitesse de croissance est régulée par la voie de signalisation de l’insuline/IGF (IIS). La vitesse de croissance des organismes est influencée par la nutrition. En effet, des défauts de croissance sont observés chez les individus souffrant de carence protéique chronique. La nutrition contrôle la croissance grâce à la voie de signalisation de l’insuline/IGF. Cependant, le mécanisme par lequel la nutrition contrôle la voie IIS est complexe et reste à élucider. Afin d’explorer cette régulation, le laboratoire utilise Drosophila melanogaster comme modèle d’étude. Chez la drosophile, il existe 8 insulin-like peptides (Dilps). Parmi eux, Dilp2 est la principale insuline promouvant la croissance systémique. Elle est produite par des neurones spécialisés appelés les Insulin Producing Cells (IPC), homologues des cellules béta du pancréas. La sécrétion de Dilp2 dans l’hémolymphe, équivalent du sang chez les vertébrés, est précisément ajustée en fonction de la nutrition. Cette régulation implique une communication inter-organe avec le corps gras, homologue du foie et du tissu adipeux blanc. Selon les conditions nutritionnelles, plusieurs signaux dérivés du corps gras (FDS) sont sécrétés et contrôlent la sécrétion de Dilp2. Ces FDS agissent directement ou indirectement sur les IPCs, via des relais neuronaux. Mon projet de thèse avait pour but de découvrir et d’étudier de nouvelles cibles neuronales contrôlant l’activité sécrétrice des IPCs, et par conséquent la croissance systémique, en fonction de la nutrition. J’ai identifié une paire de neurones inhibiteurs des IPCs, que l’on a nommé IPC-Connecting Neurons (ICN). Actifs en carence en acides aminés, ils inhibent la sécrétion des Dilps. J’ai montré que la signalisation EGFR réprime l’activité de ces neurones en condition nourrie, ce qui augmente la sécrétion des Dilps et par conséquent la taille des individus. Cette activation est due à un nouveau ligand d’EGFR : Growth Blocking Peptide (GBP). J’ai montré que ce ligand de type EGF possède des propriétés particulières puisqu’il agit de façon endocrinienne. En effet, en condition nourrie, GBP est sécrété par le corps gras dans l’hémolymphe, et atteint les ICN afin d’activer la signalisation EGFR. En conclusion, nous proposons que GBP produit par le corps gras en condition nourrie active la voie EGFR dans les neurones ICN, lève l’inhibition exercée sur les IPCs et stimule la sécrétion des Dilps. Cependant, les mécanismes moléculaires par lequel le couple GBP/EGFR inhibe l’activité neuronale des ICNs reste à élucider. Ce travail a permis d’identifier un nouveau mode de régulation de la sécrétion des insulines et de la croissance des organismes en fonction de la disponibilité et de la qualité nutritionnelleBody growth is tightly regulated by nutrient availability. Upon nutritional shortage, animals harmoniously reduce their body size by modulating the activity of the insulin/IGF signaling pathway (IIS). To understand how nutrition controls the IIS, we used Drosophila melanogaster as a model. Drosophila has a conserved IIS with 8 insulin-like peptides (Dilps), a unique insulin receptor and a conserved downstream signaling cascade. Among the Dilps, Dilp2 is the main growth-promoting factor. Dilp2 is produced by specialized neurons located in the brain, the Insulin-Producing-Cells (IPCs), functionally related to vertebrate beta cells. Dilp2 secretion is precisely adjusted in response to nutrition: it is released in the hemolymph under normal nutrient condition, but not upon dietary amino acid scarcity. This regulation requires several inter-organ cross-talks between the producing neurons and the fat body, which is the equivalent of the vertebrate white adipose tissue and liver. Depending on diet composition, several fat-derived signals (FDS) are secreted into the hemolymph and control Dilp2 secretion from the IPCs. These FDS act either directly or indirectly through a neuronal relay, to control the IPCs secretory activity. The aim of my PhD project was to better understand these regulations and to discover new neuronal relay controlling the IPCs secretory activity and body growth, according to nutrition. I identified a pair of neurons harboring synaptic connections with the IPCs (IPC-connecting neurons, ICNs). I determined that the ICNs activity is maximal upon amino acids shortage and is required to exert a blockage of the neighbouring IPCs. Moreover, in rich nutrient conditions, EGFR signaling prevents activation of the ICNs, allowing Dilp2 release from the IPCs. GBP1 and 2 are EGF-like peptides produced by the fat body in response to amino acids, and they can modify insulin release. However, the neural circuitries at play are unknown. I demonstrated that GBPs are atypical ligands for the EGF receptor (EGFR), with endocrine function. Using ex-vivo brain culture, I showed that the presence of the fat body-derived GBP1 in the hemolymph activates EGFR signaling in the ICNs and alleviates their inhibitory input on the IPCs, allowing Dilp2 release and therefore body growth. In conclusion, I identified a novel neural circuitry responding to fat-derived EGF-like GBPs, coupling dietary amino acids to the release of insulin-like peptides and systemic growth
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Kalason, Patrick. "Théorie constructale des communications trifonctionnelles". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20152.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Les propos de cette thèse princeps s’inscrivent dans une démarche qui consiste à rétablir dans sa fonction seconde, en sciences humaines et sociales, l’approche dite cartésienne comme étant la conséquence cartographique d’une approche préliminaire trifonctionnelle (trikãlienne) telle que l’a mise au jour le philologue Georges Dumézil. Le tout permettant de faire entrer les sciences de l’information et des communications dans une dimension constructale quelques soient les problématiques soulevées. La théorie constructale des communications est phénoménologique et fait lien avec la loi constructale mise au jour par Adrian Bejan.La loi de Constructal, telle qu’elle a été mise au jour par Adrian Bejan, professeur et inventeur de la théorie constructale des formes et de leurs évolutions dans la nature, est celle qui régit le phénomène universel de l’évolution de la production et de l'évolution des configurations (formes, structures, rythmes) des systèmes animés, inanimés autant qu’humains. Au niveau global, la loi de Constructale des communications, sur modèle trifonctionnel de Patrick Kalason, explique la topographie que prennent les formes communicationnelles (richesse et complexité).Dans cette thèse, Patrick Kalason, découvreur de la théorie constructale des communications sur fondements systémiques trifonctionnels, propose des nouvelles clefs d’accès à la compréhension des formes issues de la sociodynamique telles que les pratiques religieuses, les processus de négociation, la pédagogie et les mécanismes sémiologiques qui sous-tendent les changements sociétauxThe comments of this princeps thesis in communication join a step which consists in restoring in human and social sciences the called “cartesian approach” in his second function as being the cartographic consequence of a preliminary approach trifunctional (trikãlian model) such as brought the one to light by the philologist Georges Dumezil . Allowing the whole to integrate into constructal dimension of the information and the communication sciences whatever the issues raised.The Constructal Law, such as brought to light by Adrian Bejan, professor and proponent of the constructal theory of design and evolution in nature, governs the universal phenomenon of generation and evolution of design (shape, structure, rhythm) in animate, inanimate and human systems. At the global level, the Constructal Law of communication, with a triadic model, accounts for the topography and design of human communication (wealth & complexity). In this thesis, Patrick Kalason, proponent of a constructal and trifunctional systematic approach in communications, proposes new keys to understand the emergency of sociodynamic forms such as religious practices, negotiation processes, pedagogy, and communication (semiology) mechanisms underlying social changes
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Manchon-Margueritte, Maryline. "Approche systémique de la distanciation communicationnelle soignants/soignés : élaboration d'un portail de recherche communicationnel". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM5901.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Dans le cadre d'une interdisciplinarité, cette thèse analyse les réseaux médico-sociaux et mesure la performance de la communication au sein même de ces réseaux.D'après les préceptes de l'épistémologie constructiviste, l'observation de la réalité scientifique repose non pas uniquement sur l'observance objective du réel mais aussi sur la connaissance du réel de par sa propre expérience. Nous avons donc mené une analyse à travers une démarche d'enquête longitudinale et prospective par questionnaires, réalisée sur 161 patientes atteintes de cancer du sein : en parallèle, des entretiens qualitatifs ont été réalisés auprès de 40 représentants du personnel soignants.Nous cherchons tout d'abord à mettre en évidence la distanciation communicationnelle entre le personnel soignants et les soignés en mettant l'accent sur l'analyse du traitement de l'information dans un but d'aider les patientes à modifier leurs schémas dysfonctionnels pour aboutir à des schémas fonctionnels par l'intermédiaire des questionnaires.Les résultats d'analyse des enquêtes quantitatives et qualitatives réalisées pendant 14 mois, nous ont permis de mettre en place une approche systémique au sein d'un établissement de santé dans le cadre d'un projet de portail communicationnel entre soignants et soignés. Les analyses prospectives ont en effet révélé l'importance des théories systémiques qui s'appuient elles-mêmes sur les théories de la communication et se fondent sur un modèle de causalité circulaire pour s'intéresser au système au sein duquel l'individu interagitIn the context of an interdisciplinarity, this thesis analyses the socio-medical networks and the performance of communication within these networks. Following the precepts of constructivist epistemology, the observation of the scientific reality is not only based on the objective observance of the reality, but also on the experience-guided knowledge of the reality. We have thus realized an analysis throughout a longitudinal and prospective survey approach by questionnaires, within 161 breast cancer patients. In parallel, qualitative interviews were taken with 40 representatives of the health care staff.First of all, we want to highlight the communicational detachment between the health care providers and the patients by accentuating on the analysis of information handling, with the objective to help the patients to modify their dysfunctional schemas to functional schemas, via questionnaires.The analysis results from the quantitative and qualitative surveys realized during 14 months permitted us to set up a systemic approach within the health care establishment in the form of a project for a communicational portal between health care providers and patients. In fact, the prospective analyses revealed the importance of systemic theories which are themselves based on communication theories and circular causality models to be interested in the system in which the patient interacts
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Lopes, Ana Carolina. "Estratégias e decisões sob uma perspectiva sistêmico-discursiva: um estudo de caso em uma organização de serviços". Universidade Católica de Brasília, 2018. https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/2464.
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This research seeks to understand how the strategy of a service organization, called Beta, is set in the communicational decision network. Based on a systemic-discursive perspective, the theoretical model of the communicational decision network approaches the Luhmann Systems Theory and the discursive approach of Eliseo Verón. According to this model, strategies are formed by decisions and decisions are formed by communication. Theoretical thoughts about organizational communication presented in this study follow an interpretative way, with emphasis on relationships and the production of meanings in the organizational environment. This thinking goes against the classic / instrumental paradigm of the area, because it emphasizes the importance of organizational communication in the processes of decisions, development and also implementation of strategies and not as a mere tool of dissemination. Regarding the concepts inherent in the strategy, the research is linked to an approach of strategy as a social practice, which corroborates with the perception that the strategy is constituted and instituted by / in the communication. The method chosen to collect, present and analyze the data was the case study. The result of the research brought a new sight at communication and its relations with organizational strategy. Communication becomes understood as a network of senses, built in processes that have internal and external dimensions. It was possible to read the organization's strategy and its communication elements with the application of the communicational decision network: decision, identification, institutionalization, mediation and organizational culture and (re) construct a fragment of that network. In this way the strategy was configured from the decisions of development of leaders, creation of new strategic guidelines, development of the innovation group and redefinition of the organizational chart of the company.
Esta pesquisa busca compreender como é configurada, na rede decisória comunicacional, a estratégia de uma organização de serviços, denominada como Beta. Fundamentada em uma perspectiva sistêmico-discursiva, o modelo teórico da rede decisória comunicacional aproxima-se da Teoria dos Sistemas de Luhmann e da abordagem discursiva de Eliseo Verón. Segundo esse modelo, as estratégias são formadas por decisões, e as decisões são formadas pela comunicação. As reflexões teóricas acerca da comunicação organizacional apresentadas neste estudo seguem uma linha interpretativa, com ênfase nas relações e na produção de sentidos no ambiente organizacional, o que confronta com o paradigma clássico/instrumental da área, pois ressalta a importância da comunicação organizacional nos processos de decisão e formulação e implementação de estratégias, e não como mera ferramenta de divulgação. Quanto aos conceitos inerentes à estratégia, a pesquisa vincula-se a uma abordagem da estratégia como prática social, o que corrobora a percepção de que a estratégia é constituída e instituída pela/na comunicação. O método escolhido para coletar, apresentar e analisar os dados foi o estudo de caso. O resultado da pesquisa trouxe um novo olhar para a comunicação e suas relações com a estratégia organizacional. A comunicação passa a ser compreendida como uma rede de sentidos, construída em processos que apresentam dimensões internas e externas. Com aplicação da rede decisória comunicacional, foi possível realizar a leitura da estratégia da organização e seus elementos comunicacionais – a decisão, a identificação, a institucionalização, a mediação e a cultura organizacional – e (re)construir um fragmento dessa rede. Nesse caminho, a estratégia foi configurada a partir de decisões de desenvolvimento de líderes, criação de novas diretrizes estratégicas, desenvolvimento do grupo de inovação e redefinição do organograma da empresa.
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Karoui, Anis. "E-Learning : étudier le rôle du système de communication pour comprendre les dispositifs d'enseignement à distance". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM5900/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Le e-learning, et plus particulièrement l’enseignement à distance, est ici appréhendé comme terrain d’étude pour le chercheur en sciences de l’information et de la communication (SIC). La problématique adopte une démarche pluridisciplinaire; ancrée sur les Sciences de l’Information et de la Communication, elle intègre, sous une forme systémique, des apports heuristiques des sciences de l'éducation, de l’épistémologie, des sciences cognitives et des sciences humaines. Elle questionne la pertinence du système de communication au sein des dispositifs d’enseignement et de formation à distance.Les technologies numériques de l’information et de la communication (TNIC) intégrées dans des environnements d’apprentissage ouvrent de nouveaux horizons pour l’éducation à travers le développement de l'enseignement à distance (EAD) permettant de dépasser les contraintes d’espace et de temps souvent imposées par le système éducatif traditionnel. Nous proposons d'étudier ces dispositifs en insistant sur la pertinence et l'importance de la communication dans leur performance et réussite car nous constatons, à travers une étude empirique menée sur un centre de télé-enseignement en sciences, qu’il ne suffit pas d’inscrire les apprenants sur une plateforme dédiée à l’enseignement et à la transmission de savoirs pour que ces derniers s’accrochent à leur formation, atteignent leurs objectifs et acquièrent des compétencesElearning has been chosen as a field study on Information and Communication Sciences (ICS). The problem takes a multidisciplinary approach: anchored on Information and Communication Sciences, it integrates, in a systemic form, heuristic contributions of educational sciences, epistemology, cognitive sciences and humanities. It questions the relevance of the communication system within distance systems of education and training.Integrating numerical technologies of information and communication in learning environments open up new horizons for education by developing distance education to overcome space and time constraints often imposed by the traditional education system. We propose to study these devices with an emphasis on the relevance and the importance of communication on their performance and success. As we see, through an empirical study on a distance education center, that it is not enough to register learners on a platform dedicated to teaching and transmitting knowledges to make them cling to their training, achieve their goals and get skills
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Rapiera, Sandrine. "Comprendre les pratiques des technologies de l'information et de la communication à travers le système des relations : cas de l'enseignement supérieur public malgache". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30015/document.
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Étant à la fois acteur de l’enseignement supérieur malgache et chercheur en SIC, nous nous sommes penchée sur le phénomène de faible utilisation des TIC chez les enseignants malgaches, en adoptant trois positionnements successifs.Nous avons débuté la recherche par l’interrogation : « Qu’est- ce qui ne va pas ? ». Elle comporte un postulat important : celui de l’existence d’un problème à résoudre dans le cadre de l’usage des TIC par les enseignants. Elle est également posée par un individu « acteur » de la situation, animé par une forte volonté de changement et non uniquement par un scientifique chercheur, dans une tentative de compréhension d’un phénomène. Au cours de l’étude, nous reformulons notre interrogation en : « comment ça fonctionne ? » puisque nous avons mis à jour le « mécanisme » qui sous-tend la construction des pratiques des technologies (logiques de valorisation et d’opportunisme) au travers de situations de mise en place et d’exploitation de dispositif dans le cadre universitaire. Nous avons adopté notre positionnement de chercheur.Au terme de la recherche, nous répondons à la question « comment composer avec ce fonctionnement ? ». Nous nous adressons à des acteurs du terrain (porteurs de projet et responsables) dans une optique d’accompagnement et de conseil. Nous endossons ici, la casquette d’intervenant. Après une revue du contexte de l’enseignement malgache et des recherches concernant le domaine des TIC en Sociologie et en Sciences de l’Education, nous avons tenté de proposer un modèle de compréhension supplémentaire de l’usage des TIC à travers l’application de l’analyse systémique qualitative des relations et la notion de « logique de jeu ». Nous avons ensuite déconstruit cette réflexion pour proposer des pistes d’actions pour mener les projets technologiques à l’université malgacheAs an actor of malagasy higher education and researcher in Information and Communication Sciences, we analyzed the phenomenon of low usage of ICT among Malagasy teachers, by adopting three successive positionings. We started the research by asking ourselves : « what is wrong ?». This question includes an important postulate: the existence of a problem regarding the use of TIC by the teachers. It is also raised by an individual "actor" of a situation, with a strong will of change and not only by a scientist researcher, in an attempt to understanding a phenomenon. During the study, we reformulate our questioning : «How does it work? » since we have put in day the "mechanism" underlying the construction of practices of technologies (logic of promotion and opportunism) through situations of use of devices within the university. We adopted our positioning of researcher. At the end of research, we answer to the question « How to compose with this functioning? ». This part of the study is addressed to promoters and managers in a perspective of accompaniment and advising. We become an acting researcher . After a review of the context of malagasy education and researches concerning the domain of ICT in Sociology and in Education Sciences, we have attempted to offer an additional model of understanding for the usage of ICT through the application of the qualitative systemic analysis of relations and notion of « logic of the system». We have then proposed global actions for managing technological project among malagasy university
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Schoeny, Alain. "L’évènement sportif, un modèle d’échanges communicationnels territorialisés : étude des inférences du contexte sur son système de relations". Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA113004.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
L’événement est un sujet rarement pris comme objet de recherche. Banalisé, il semble aller de soi. Cette absence de définition témoigne à la fois d’un manque de compréhension et de la difficulté de se saisir de ce « fait social ». Dans le domaine sportif, il est cependant un objet de convoitise pour son potentiel décrété de différenciation et d’avantages pressentis. Si les techniques de partenariat telles que le sponsoring, le mécénat et de relations publiques sont au niveau de leurs organisations plutôt bien connues, elles sont curieusement loin d’avoir révélé toutes leurs richesses du point de vue « communicationnel ».L’objectif de ce travail de recherche est donc d’identifier les mécanismes de la communication durant différentes formes d'événements sportifs. Entre manifestations internationales, d’entreprise ou séminaires sportifs (‘team building’, ‘incentive’, gratification, etc.), l’événement est au cœur d’un système relationnel complexe. Comme le souligne Edgar Morin pour comprendre cette complexité, il est nécessaire de changer de paradigme afin d’en saisir le sens. La relation alors invisible, demande un positionnement de recherche phénoménologique, compréhensif et constructiviste (Le Moigne).Ce « fait humain » est ainsi conçu comme un processus de contextualisation d’éléments situationnels. L’acteur social réinvente donc une nouvelle définition de la situation à laquelle il prend part en mettant en relation différents « artefacts ». Aussi, un courant de pensée en sciences de l’information et de la communication, prolongeant les travaux de l’Ecole de Palo Alto (Watzlawick & coll.), s'appuie sur de nouvelles méthodes d’analyse systémique qualitative et sémiotique situationnelle des communications pour comprendre la genèse du sens partagé par un ensemble d’acteurs en présence (Mucchielli).Les résultats obtenus par cette recherche originale proposent, en complémentarité des travaux effectués par ailleurs (Ferrand, Tribou, etc.), de revisiter un certain nombre de concepts comme la persuasion, l’influence, la modification, etc. du point de vue de l’acteur par la notion de communication territorialisée. Pour les sciences du management comme pour les sciences et techniques des activités physiques et sportives, ces nouvelles pistes de recherche s’inscrivent dans une « praxéologie » de la communication pour une meilleure compréhension de l’action et de son contexte (Quéré)Event is a subject rarely considered as object of research topic. Trivialized, it seems obvious. This lack of definition shows both a lack of understanding and a difficulty in tacking "social action". In sport, however, it is an object of lust decreed for its potential benefits of differentiation and considered advantages. If techniques such as sponsoring, sponsorship and public relations are pretty well known within their organizations, curiously, they have far from having revealed all their wealth in terms "communicational".The objective of this research is to identify the mechanisms of different forms of communication during sporting events. In international events, business seminars or sports (team building, incentive, gratuity, etc.), the event is at the heart of a complex relational system. As Edgar Morin points out to understand this complexity, it is necessary to change the paradigm in order to understand the meaning. The then invisible relationship requires positioning of phenomenological research, understanding and constructivism (Le Moigne).This "human fact" reads as a process of contextualisation of situational factors. Therefore, the social subject reinvents a new definition of the situation he is involved in linking various "artifacts". Also, a stream of thought in information and communication science, extending the work of the Palo Alto School (Watzlawick & coll.), is based on new methods of systems analysis and qualitative semiotic situational communications to understand the genesis of meaning shared by a group of subjects involved (Mucchielli).The results of this original research offering, in complementing the work done elsewhere (Ferrand, Tribou, etc.), to revisit a number of concepts such as persuasion, influence, change, etc. from the perspective of the subject by the notion of communication territorialized. For management as science and STAPS, these new avenues of research are part of a "praxeology" of communication for a better understanding of the action and its context (Quéré)
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Röckner, Lindgren Joanna. ""Vi förstår reaktionerna" : En textanalytisk studie av Parken Zoo:s kriskommunikation i pressmeddelanden och på Facebook". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-18829.
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Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka hur Parken Zoo försökte rädda sin image och påverkabilden av krisen parken befann sig i under hösten 2012. Uppsatsen har även som avsikt att undersökahur kriskommunikationen utvecklas under krisförloppet och hur den skiljer sig mellan två texttyper,samt belysa vilka språkliga resurser som används för att realisera strategierna inom image repair theory,som i denna uppsats benämns som Benoits teori om imagereparation. Materialet består av trepressmeddelanden och tre uttalanden publicerade på Facebook från Parken Zoo. Dessa har analyseratsutifrån Benoits (1997) teori om imagereparation samt systemisk-funktionell textanalys. Resultatetindikerar att Parken Zoo har försökt rädda sin image genom att ifrågasätta uppgifterna som framkommit,framhäva goda egenskaper och värderingar samt redogöra för åtgärder som vidtagits och ska vidtas.Jämförelsen av kriskommunikationen i pressmeddelandena och Facebook-uttalandena tyder på attkommunikationen på Facebook kännetecknas av en mer personlig och närhetsskapande strategi medankommunikationen i pressmeddelandena är mer auktoritär. Resultatet visade också att val av strategi ochhur många strategier som används förändras under krisens förlopp, troligen beroende på vilken krisfasparken befinner sig i. Under akutfasen använde Parken Zoo samtliga strategier, i jämförelse med krisensförstadium då endast en strategi användes. Analysen har även synliggjort mönster för vilka språkligaresurser som verkar bidra till realiseringen av respektive strategi ur Benoits teori om imagereparation.Transitivitetsanalysen visade bland annat att den förnekande strategin i första hand realiseras genomattributiva relationella processer medan den tillrättaläggande strategin karakteriseras av materiellaprocesser. Avslutningsvis diskuteras även delar av materialet som inte har kunnat kategoriseras som enstrategi på ett tydligt sätt men som ändå kan ses som försök att rädda Parken Zoo:s image, exempelvissynliggörs möjligheten till en ny strategi som går ut på att visa förståelse.
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Saparas, Marcelo. "Representações metafóricas em títulos de filmes americanos e suas traduções para o português: um enfoque sistêmico-funcional". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13597.
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Previous issue date: 2012-10-25Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This research deals with communication problems caused by cultural differences, especially what Tannen (1984 apud BYRNES, 1986) named 'conversational style'. Several studies show the importance of this factor, since it is not only a linguistic surface structure issue, but it also involves ingrained habits and customs of a linguistic community that wind up emerging within communication. The relationship between language and culture has been the object of extensive research, and it is now consensus that foreign language teachers should not only be concerned with the teaching of standard rules of grammar, but they should also encourage their students to become aware of the systematicity in such communication rules. In this context, considering that discourse is more of a development of a rhetorical argumentation than an expression of someone s thought, the conversational style can be understood as a tool used by speakers in such development or, in other words, in the interlocutor s persuasion. A fact that drew my attention was the frequent difference between titles of American movies and their translation into Portuguese, which I believed to be due to cultural issues. Therefore, in this context, involving rhetorical argumentation and persuasion resources, these titles could be considered metaphorical expressions that would culminate in the creation of some dominant metaphors. The objective of this research is to examine the construction of these dominant metaphors in the persuasive process of titles in Portuguese. To this end, it aims to answer the following research questions: a) What dominant metaphors do the titles in Portuguese suggest? b) What lexicogrammatical choices do the titles rely on? c) How is persuasion supported by the titles in both languages made? Methodologically, a(n) (Critical) Analysis of Discourse approach supplemented by methods of metaphor Analysis supported by Systemic Functional Grammar, a multi-functional theory (HALLIDAY, 1985), indicated by critical scholars of language as the most suitable one for this purpose (FOWLER, 1991; FAIRCLOUGH, 1992; CHARTERIS-BLACK, 2004)
Esta pesquisa trata de problemas de comunicação causados por diferenças culturais, em especial devidos ao que Tannen (1984 apud BYRNES, 1986) chamou de estilo conversacional . Várias pesquisas mostram a importância desse fator, já que ele não é meramente uma questão linguística de superfície, mas envolve em si arraigados usos e costumes de uma comunidade linguística, que acabam se externalizando na comunicação. A questão da relação entre língua e cultura tem sido objeto de muita pesquisa, e hoje é consenso de que professores de línguas não deveriam apenas se preocupar em ensinar as regras que explicam a norma gramatical de uma sentença, mas estimular seus alunos a tomarem consciência da sistematicidade das regras de comunicação. Nesse contexto, considerando que o discurso é muito mais um desenvolvimento de uma argumentação retórica, do que a expressão do pensamento de alguém, pode-se entender o estilo conversacional como sendo um instrumento utilizado pelos falantes nesse desenvolvimento ou, em outras palavras, na persuasão do interlocutor. Um fato que me chamou a atenção foi a frequente diferença entre os títulos de filmes americanos e sua tradução para o português, que pareceu-me ser devido a questões de natureza cultural. Portanto, nessa conjuntura, envolvendo argumentação retórica e recursos de persuasão, esses títulos sugerem ser expressões metafóricas que culminariam na criação de algumas metáforas dominantes. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é examinar a construção dessas metáforas dominantes no processo persuasivo dos títulos em português. Para tanto, visa a responder às seguintes perguntas de pesquisa: (a) que metáforas dominantes sugerem os títulos em português? (b) de que escolhas léxico-gramaticais se valem os títulos americanos de filmes e sua respectiva tradução para o português? (c) como é feita a persuasão com apoio nos títulos nas duas línguas? Metodologicamente, uma abordagem de análise (crítica) do discurso e suplementada por métodos da análise da metáfora e tem o suporte da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional, uma teoria multifuncional, de Halliday (1985), indicada por estudiosos críticos da linguagem como a mais adequada para esse fim (FOWLER, 1991; FAIRCLOUGH, 1992; CHARTERIS-BLACK, 2004)
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Juopperi, Jesse. "»Jetzt muss jeder Patriot aktiv werden!« : Diskurslinguistische Analyse der strategischen politischen Kommunikation der Identitären Bewegung Österreich". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Tyska, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-169644.
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This study aims to describe the strategic political communication of the Identitarian Movement in Austria (in German known as Identitäre Bewegung Österreich) and concentrates on identifying means of persuasive language on the homepage of the movement, which is known to be nationalistic and critical towards migration. The study is based on a corpus containing a selection of blog entries, as well as a sample of images published on the homepage, and is carried out using a qualitative method combining discourse linguistics, systemic-functional linguistics and multimodal theory. The analysis sets off by describing the field component of systemic-functional theory and proceeds to examining tenor and mode. The focus will be specifically on firstly, investigating a) discourse participants and the processes they engage in and b) interaction between the implied sender and recipient in the verbal material; and secondly, describing how these meanings are reproduced visually in the image sample used. The findings suggest that the movement not only strives to portray itself as powerful and authoritative but also relies on means of solidarity in order to convince the recipient of its message. More specifically, it is shown that the migrant participants are discriminated and depersonalised whilst a close synthetic relationship is established with the implied reader, i.e. the homepage visitor. Furthermore, the movement makes an effort to picture itself as a representative of numerous groups and interests in society. By doing so it apparently attempts to simulate a representative discourse, in order to present the xenophobic stance it agitates for as a majority opinion. The analysis shows also that these practices can be seen throughout the corpus, that is, in the verbal texts as well as in the imagery.
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El, Khamsa Sarah. "Modélisation du circuit de la signification des produits du design : approche sémiotique et systémique". Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010586/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Les modèles théoriques proposés par les STIC ont été à ce jour révisés par les protagonistes des Design Studies. Ils proposent entre autres de vérifier leur validité et leur viabilité comme modèles de communication pour les systèmes, services, biens et situations de plus en plus complexes. C’est dans cette lignée que nous inscrivons notre projet. L’idée étant de construire un modèle interprétatif constituant un nouveau cadre théorique. Il aura comme principal objectif de saisir le potentiel communicatif des produits au carrefour de leurs potentiels d’actions, d’habitudes et de croyances matérialisés en eux. Notre cadre théorique et notre outil analytique s’articuleront autour de l’approche sémiotique peircienne et de la théorie systémique (dénommée seconde systémique par Morin) qui permettra aussi de développer une perception écologique de l’objet comme système cohérent et interactif avec son environnementThe theoretical models proposed by STIC (Information and Communication Sciences) have been revised to date by the protagonists of Design Studies. They suggest among others to check their validity and viability as communication models for the systems, services, goods and situations, which are getting more and more complex.It is in this vein that we register our project. The idea is to build an interpretative model constituting a new theoretical framework. The main objective is to seize the communicative potential of the products at the crossroads of potential actions, habits and beliefs embodied in them. Our theoretical framework and our analytical tool will revolve around the peirce semiotic approach and the systemic theory (second systemic as called by Morin), which will also develop an ecological perception of the object as a coherent and interactive system with its environment
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Oddo, John. "Traversing the 24-Hour News Cycle: A Busy Day in the Rhetorical Life of a Political Speech". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1302368612.
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Haile, Yohannes. "Sustainable Value And Eco-Communal Management: Systemic Measures For The Outcome Of Renewable Energy Businesses In Developing, Emerging, And Developed Economies". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1459369970.
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Benkiran, Mohamed Amine. "Communications dans les systemes distribues". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066068.
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Novali, Jean-Marc. "Modeles d'observation pour les architectures multicouches de protocoles de communication". Toulouse, INSA, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ISAT0039.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Prevention de la modelisation des protocoles de communication et des references d'observation. Deux exemples sont fournis: une etude des mecanismes de controle de flux dans les protocoles de transfert de donnees et une etude d'un protocole simple pour l'obtention d'un modele de reference
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Delbergue, Guillaume. "Advances in SystemC/TLM virtual platforms : configuration, communication and parallelism". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0916/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Le marché de l’Internet des Objets (IdO) est en pleine progression. Il va continuer à croître et à se développer à un rythme soutenu dans les prochaines années. Les objets connectés sont constitués de composants électroniques dédiés, de processeurs et de codes logiciels. La conception de tels systèmes constitue aujourd’hui un challenge au niveau industriel. Ce challenge est renforcé par la concurrence du marché et le délai de commercialisation qui impactent directement sur le développement d’un système. Le processus de conception actuel consiste en l’élaboration d’un cahier des charges. Dans un premier temps, l’équipe en charge du développement matériel commence à développer le produit. Ensuite, la partie applicative peut être mise au point par les développeurs logiciels. Une fois le premier prototype matériel disponible, l’équipe logicielle peut alors intégrer sa partie et tenter de la valider fonctionnellement. Cette étape peut mettre en lumière des défauts dans le logiciel mais aussi lors de la conception matérielle. Malheureusement,la découverte ce type d’erreurs intervient beaucoup trop tard dans le processus de conception retardant la commercialisation du système. Afin de sécuriser au plus tôt les développements matériel et logiciel, des méthodologies basées sur le standard SystemC/Transaction Level Modeling (TLM) ont été proposées. Elles permettent de modéliser et de simuler du matériel. Durant les phases amont de conception d’un système, elles permettent de mettre en commun une version virtuelle du (futur) système entre les équipes logicielle et matérielle. Cette version virtuelle est plus couramment appelée plateforme virtuelle. Elle permet de tester et de valider le plus tôt possible lors du cycle de conception, de réduire le coût matériel en limitant la fabrication de prototypes, mais aussi de gagner du temps et donc de l’argent en diminuant les risques. Or, les objets intègrent de plus en plus de fonctionnalités aux niveaux matériel et logiciel. Les besoins ayant évolué, le standard de simulation SystemC/TLM ne répond plus à l’heure actuelle à toutes les attentes. Ces attentes concernent plus particulièrement les aspects liés à la simulation de systèmes composés de nombreuses fonctionnalités, de protocoles de communication disparates mais aussi de modèles complexes et consommateur de temps pendant la simulation. Des activités de recherche ont déjà été menées sur ces sujets. Cependant, elles ont pour la plupart abouti à des solutions qui ne sont pas interopérables. Les solutions existantes ne permettent donc pas de bénéficier de la réutilisation des modèles de la littérature. Afin de répondre à ces problèmes,une solution permettant la configuration de modèles SystemC/TLM a été recherchée. Cette dernière fait désormais partie du standard Configuration, Control and Inspection (CCI). Dans un second temps, la modélisation de protocoles de communication à un haut niveau d’abstraction(TLM Loosely Timed (LT) et Approximately Timed (AT)) a été étudiée, et plus précisément des protocoles de type non bus. Une évolution du standard actuel permettant d’améliorer le support,l’interopérabilité, la réutilisation a été proposée dans le cadre de la thèse. Ensuite, une évolution du standard SystemC et plus précisément du comportement du noyau de simulation a été étudiée pour supporter l’attente d’événements asynchrones. Ce type d’événement ouvre la voie à la parallélisation et la distribution de modèles sur différents threads / machines. Enfin, une solution permettant l’intégration de modèles de Central Processing Units (CPU) intégrés dans QuickEMUlator (QEMU), un émulateur / virtualisateur de système, a été étudiée. Finalement, toutes ces contributions ont été associées à travers la modélisation d’un ensemble d’objets connectés à une passerelleThe market for Internet Of Things (IOT) is on the rise. It is predicted to continue to grow at a sustained pace in the coming years. Connected objects are composed of dedicated electronic components, processors and software. The design of such systems is today a challenge from an industrial point of view. This challenge is reinforced by market competition and time tomarket that directly impact the success of a system. In a current design process involvesthe development of a specification. Initially, the team in charge of hardware development beginsto design the system. Second, the application part can be done by software developers. Oncethe first hardware prototype is available, the software team can then integrate their part and try tovalidate the functionality. This step may reveal defects in the software but also in the hardware architecture. Unfortunately, the discovery of these errors occurs far too late in the design process,could impacts the marketing of the system and potentially its success. In order to ensure that the hardware and software designs will work together as early as possible, methodologies based onthe SystemC / Transaction Level Modeling (TLM) standard have been widely adopted. They involvethe modelling and simulation of the proposed hardware architectures. During the initial phasesof a product’s design, they enable the software and hardware team to share a virtual version ofthe (future) system. This virtual version is more commonly referred to as a virtual platform. It facilitates early software development, test and validation; reduces material cost by limiting the number of prototypes; saves time and money by reducing risks. However, connected objects are increasingly incorporating hardware and software features. As the requirements have evolved, theSystemC / TLM simulation standard no longer meets all expectations. It includes aspects related to the simulation of systems composed of many functionality, disparate communication protocolsbut also complex and time consuming models during the simulation. Some works have already been carried out on these subjects. However, as the number of components increases, all formsof interoperability of models and tools become increasingly difficult to handle. Moreover, mostof the research has resulted in solutions that are not inter-operable and can not reuse existingmodels. To solve these problems, this thesis proposes a solution for configuring SystemC / TLMmodels. It is now part of the standard Configuration, Control and Inspection (CCI). In a secondstep, the modeling of high-level abstraction communication protocols (TLM Loosely Timed (LT)and Approximately Timed (AT)) has been studied, as it relates to non-bus protocols. An evolution of the standard to improve support, interoperability and reuse is also proposed. In a third step,a change of the SystemC standard and more precisely of the behavior of the simulation kernelhas been studied to support asynchronous events. These open the way to parallelization and distribution of models on different threads / machines. In a fourth step, a solution to integrate Central Processing Units (CPU) models integrated in Quick EMUlator (QEMU), a system emulator/ virtualizer, has been studied. Finally, all these contributions have been applied in the modeling ofa set of objects connected to a gateway
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Lin, Yi-Chen. "Assessing the applicability of integrated communications : towards a systemic approach". Thesis, University of Hull, 2000. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4566.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis tackles the problem of how communication functions can be integrated and made more effective in organisations. The research surfaces the main issues affecting the quality of integrated communications and -develops a new Integrated Communications Model (ICM) for assessing the applicability of Integrated Communications (IC) - using a systemic approach. The process of this research includes: identifying a range of aspects which may impact on the success of integrated communications; explaining how total quality management, systems thinking and pluralist approaches can help to make integrated communications more successful; surfacing the issues of integrated communications in Taiwan; developing a systemic approach- ICM for assessing the applicability of integrated communications; and generating recommendations for relevant modifications which can make IC more effective. This research proceeds in three interrelated phases: qualitative first, quantitative next, and qualitative again. In the first phase, an initial list of the aspects for integrated communications success is generated through a review of the literature. Moreover, some of the modem management approaches such as TQM, systems thinking and pluralist approaches are examined to see how they could enhance integrated communications in organisations. In the second phase, a questionnaire is developed to discover the current situation of IC in Taiwanese companies. The questionnaire is sent to eighty top manufacturing and service companies in Taiwan and produces thirty-eight usable responses. The SPSS package is employed to analyse the data. In the same phase, a qualitative approach that includes interviews with several managers from five different companies is conducted to find the issues of IC in Taiwanese companies from June 1998 to November 1998. Lastly, three companies are selected for the case studies to validate the research findings, to assist in the interpretation of the results and to develop a new model of IC. The six aspects of IC believed to impact upon integrated communications success are extracted. Moreover, this research presents a revised Integrated Communications Model (ICM) to review, operationalise and evaluate the integrated communications approach, especially as related to the Taiwan context. This ICM can help to tackle the three main issues of IC identified in the research: how to help organisations to set up effective communications; how to help organisations to identify their specific stakeholders; and how to help organisations to evaluate the effectiveness of their communications with their specific stakeholders. The research findings are discussed and suggestions for further research are also proposed.
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Soares, João Paulo. "Comunicação oral em português em congressos de linguística aplicada: estrutura genérica e escolhas léxico-gramaticais sob a perspectiva sistêmico-funcional". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13706.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
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As part of the context of the research project Design e Desenvolvimento de Material Instrucional para Contexto Presencial e Digital (PUC-SP/LAEL), this thesis aims at describing the generic structure of oral communication in Portuguese in congresses of Applied Linguistics area; identifying the similarities and differences between novice and expert researchers oral communications; analyzing lexicogrammar elements that signal stages change; and identifying how researchers call themselves and the audience through personal pronouns. It uses the Systemic-Functional Linguistic (HALLIDAY, 1985, 1994) as framework and his followers (EGGINS; SLADE, 1997; MARTIN; ROSE, 2008), which has a focus on language in use that allows analyzing the lexicogrammar choices made by the users in written and spoken texts based on the contexts of situation and culture realized. The conference section paper analysis model in English by Ventola et. al. (2002) is used as reference. Results show that the analyzed oral communications have nine stages, six obligatory and three optional, and thirty four phases, being that the novice researchers transgress the genre more than twice in relation to the expert researchers with respect to the absence of obligatory stages in their communication. The lexicogrammar elements analyzed that signal stages changes are: discursive markers, typical in oral language that work sometimes as a pause for researchers to organize their thoughts and sometimes as a cohesive element to give logical sequence (temporal or not) in the change of a stage, besides rhetorical questions. The usage of personal pronouns is used to create interaction between the researchers and the audience and provide the engagement of the audience in the process of argumentation. I hope this thesis contributes to the didactic material elaboration for the teaching and learning of oral genre in the academic context
Como parte do contexto do projeto de pesquisa Design e Desenvolvimento de Material Instrucional para Contexto Presencial e Digital (PUC-SP/LAEL), esta tese tem como objetivo descrever a estrutura genérica de comunicações orais em língua portuguesa em congressos da área de Linguística Aplicada; identificar as semelhanças e diferenças entre as comunicações orais apresentadas por pesquisadores novatos e experientes; analisar elementos léxico-gramaticais que sinalizam mudanças de etapas; e identificar como os pesquisadores nomeiam a si mesmos e a audiência por meio de pronomes pessoais. Para tanto, utiliza-se da Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional (HALLIDAY, 1985, 1994) como arcabouço teórico e seus seguidores (EGGINS; SLADE, 1997; MARTIN; ROSE, 2008), que tem como foco a língua em uso, que permite analisar as escolhas léxico-gramaticais feitas pelos usuários em textos escritos e falados com base nos contextos de situação e cultura em que se realizam. O modelo de análise da estrutura genérica de sessões de comunicação oral em conferências em inglês de Ventola et. al. (2002) é utilizado como referência. A pesquisa analisa trinta pesquisadores em quatro congressos de Linguística Aplicada (CBLA e InPLA), sendo transcritas e analisadas manualmente, exceto pela análise dos elementos léxico-gramaticais que é feita quantitativamente por meio do programa computacional Wordsmith Tools (SCOTT, 2010). Os resultados mostram que as comunicações orais analisadas possuem nove etapas, sendo seis obrigatórias e três opcionais e trinta e quatro fases, sendo que os pesquisadores novatos transgridem o gênero mais que o dobro de vezes em relação aos pesquisadores experientes no que tange à ausência de etapas obrigatórias em suas comunicações. Os elementos léxico-gramaticais analisados que sinalizam mudanças de etapas são: marcadores discursivos, característicos de linguagem oral que funcionam ora como pausa para pesquisadores organizarem seus pensamentos ora como elemento coesivo para dar sequência lógica (temporal ou não) na mudança de uma etapa, assim como perguntas retóricas. O uso de pronomes pessoais é utilizado para criar interação entre pesquisadores e audiência e proporciona o engajamento da audiência no processo de argumentação. Espera-se que esta tese contribua para a elaboração de material didático para o ensino-aprendizagem de gênero oral no ensino superior
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LONC, BEYAERT BRIGITTE. "Techniques formelles de verification des systemes distribues : application aux protocoles de communication des systemes ouverts". Paris, CNAM, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CNAM0089.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Deux types d'approche pour la verification sont appliques: enumeration des etats et execution symbolique. En particulier, une nouvelle methode d'analyse symbolique est developpee: elle est fondee sur le calcul du point fixe d'un operateur associe a la machine abstraite
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Liedberg, Cecilia. "Gratis medlemskap! : En språkvetenskaplig studie av genre, diskurs och identitetsskapande i presentationen av kundklubbar". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32172.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Denna språkvetenskapliga studie syftar till att synliggöra och diskutera kring hur olika genredrag, diskurser och identiteter tas i uttryck genom kundklubbars självpresentationer. Detta för att se på vilket sätt kundklubbar framställer sig själva i jakten på att värva, behålla och främja lojala kunder. I studien deltar åtta företag, vars kundklubbar har presenterats textuellt på respektive företags hemsida. För att hitta betydelsebärande moment i texterna har den systemisk-funktionella grammatiken tillämpats, och genom interpersonella och ideationella textanalyser har genredrag och diskurser synliggjorts. Det dras även paralleller till hur genredragen kan fungera identitetsskapande, och det diskuteras utifrån detta om hur kundklubben skapar en åtråvärd identitet både hos sig själv och sina medlemmar. Detta kopplas även till riktlinjer inom reklamgenren. Resultatet visar en tydlig struktur där kunder erbjuds exklusiva förmåner och en åtråvärd identitet i utbyte mot att registrera sig i klubben. Medlemmar intar en passiv roll som ansträngningslöst får eller tjänar på klubbens alla fördelar, medan kundklubbarna framställs som aktiva skapare och resursrika försörjare. Här framträder även en säljdiskurs, som ställs i kontrast till en dold konsumtionsdiskurs. Negativa aspekter, så som kostnader och villkor, osynliggörs och fokus ligger snarast på att beskriva den positiva upplevelsen och lönsamheten med att vara medlem i kundklubben.This linguistic study aims to find, highlight and discuss how different genre features, discourses and identities are constructed in text based self-presentations of a customer club. The purpose is to see how these presentations are produced in the quest to recruit, retain and promote loyal customers. The study involves eight companies, whose customer clubs has been presented textually on each company's website. To find important features in the texts, the systemic-functional grammar is applied, and through interpersonal- and ideation text analyzes, the genre features and discourses can be identified. Parallels are also drawn to the genre features connection and creation in works of identity. A comparison to the advertising genre is also made. Based on this, a discussion of what linguistic methods customer clubs use to create a desirable identity both in themselves and their members, becomes a central part in the analysis. The result shows that there is a clear structure, in which customers are offered exclusive benefits and a coveted identity in exchange for enrolling in the club. In the presentations, members play a passive role that effortlessly gets or earns all the listed benefits while the customer clubs on the other hand, are portrayed as an active and resourceful distributor. A sales discourse also emerges here, which contrasts with a hidden consumption discourse. Negative aspects, such as costs and conditions, are made invisible and the presentation mainly focuses on describing the positive experience and all the benefits of being a member of the customer club.