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1
Brock, Sebastian P. "A Palestinian Targum Feature in Syriac". Journal of Jewish Studies 46, n. 1-2 (1 luglio 1995): 271–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18647/1804/jjs-1995.
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McManus, Anne-Marie. "Al-nuzuh: Displacement as Keyword". Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication 15, n. 4 (8 novembre 2022): 455–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18739865-01504013.
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Abstract In 2022, more than half of Syria’s population have been displaced as they escaped from the destruction of their homes and livelihoods, forced resettlement, terror and overall defeat. This article focuses on the keyword al-nuzuh (displacement). It explores how al-nuzuh generates new representational codes for Syrian and Syrian-Palestinian experiences concerning the politics of displacement and an accumulated sense of loss. These codes encompass the material hardships of displacement but also make visible Syrians’ and Syrian-Palestinians’ affective, social, and existential experiences of precarity and abandonment. In this sense, my explanation of al-nuzuh departs from humanitarian and conflict management discourses to center on the perspectives of those who feel defeated in Syria and its diaspora. The article explores cultural production by Syrians and Syrian-Palestinians and how they relate to new forms of memory and collectivity about uprooting and defeat. These forms reject existing rhetorical modes of depicting mass displacement to re-write the connections between the contemporary destruction of social worlds in Syria and earlier in the former and Palestine since 1948.
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Calder, Mark D. "Syrian Identity in Bethlehem: From Ethnoreligion to Ecclesiology". Iran and the Caucasus 20, n. 3-4 (19 dicembre 2016): 297–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573384x-20160304.
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At first sight, the Syriac Orthodox community in Bethlehem appears to be well-described as “ethno-religious”: while many Palestinian siryān emphasise their connection to an ancient Aramean ethnos, this identification also usually entails some relationship to the Syriac Orthodox Church. However, “religion” (ethno or otherwise) is arguably too overburdened a category to tell us much about how being siryāni in Bethlehem compares to being something else. I propose, instead, that thinking of Syrian self-articulation as a kind of ecclesiology, a tradition of incarnating a body (specifically Christ’s), draws attention to the creative, situated and dialogic process of being and becoming siryāni, while problematising categories with which social scientists customarily think about groups. Unlike ethno-religion, ecclesiology captures the fraught pursuit of redeemed sociality, connecting Bethlehem’s destabilized local present to universal and eternal hope. In Bethlehem, what’s more, these dialogues proceed in tantalizing proximity to places and paths, which are haunted by the incarnate (Aramaic-speaking) God whom Syriac Orthodox Christians embody and envoice. Indeed, while this Syrian body is often narrated as an organic, racial fact, nevertheless it is susceptible to a kind of transubstantiation at the margins when an “other” participates fully in the life of this body, especially via the church.
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Bhayro, Siam. "A Judaeo-Syriac Medical Fragment from the Cairo Genizah". Aramaic Studies 10, n. 2 (2012): 153–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455227-12100201.
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This article presents an edition and analysis of a hitherto unpublished leaf from the Cairo Genizah (Cambridge University Library, T-S K 14.22) that contains part of a list of simples and their uses. The text is remarkable because, although it is written in Jewish Aramaic script, the language is clearly Syriac. Other features of the text, such as the use of Palestinian vocalisation and medical abbreviations, are discussed, as well as the wider significance of this fragment for our understanding of the Syriac medical tradition.
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Mcconaughy, Daniel L. "The Text of Acts in MS Bibl. Nationale Syr. 30". Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies 24, n. 1 (1 ottobre 2021): 453–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/hug-2021-240115.
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Abstract This paper extends Andreas Juckel’s important 2009 article, “Research on the Old Syriac Heritage of the Peshitta Gospels: A Collation of MS Bibl. Nationale Syr. 30” (Hugoye 12.1, 41-115). The research herein is based on collating the text of Acts contained in this noteworthy Syriac Biblical manuscript against the standard Peshitta text and forty-two other Peshitta manuscripts and more than one hundred fifty Syriac patristic sources. The collations show that the text of Acts in BNS30 has approximately 230 non-orthographic variant readings, of which 117 are unique variants not found in other Peshitta, Harklean or Christian Palestinian Aramaic MSS of Acts. There are approximately 51 agreements with the Harklean version. This paper shows that the statistical textual profile of Acts in MS Bibl. Nationale Syr. 30 is consistent with Juckel’s findings regarding the Gospel text of this manuscript. It also provides analyses of selected readings and a complete collation of the manuscript.
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Kessler, Christa. "Obsequies of My Lady Mary (II): A Fragmentary Syriac Palimpsest Manuscript from Deir al-Suryan (BL, Add 14.665, no. 2)". Collectanea Christiana Orientalia 19 (17 ottobre 2022): 45–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/cco.v19i.15254.
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This Syriac palimpsest manuscript with four remaining folios bound with others into one volume runs under the shelf mark Add 14.665, no. 2 in the British Library. It displays a well-executed 5th century Estrangela. William Wright in his Contributions to the Apocryphal Literature of 1865 offered only readings of some scanty passages. The text has been neglected ever since. Preserved in it are sections of an early witness for the Obsequies of My Lady Mary in Syriac (S1) covering the final part of the second book, the beginning of book three, and central sections of book five with the apocryphal History of Peter and Paul according to the Ethiopic five-book cycle. The textual diversity is at times considerable in comparison to the other early transmissions in Greek and Christian Palestinian Aramaic, and the much later Ethiopic one. It has been the first Syriac source to attest the central term for the palm tradition ܬܘܠܣܐ ‘palm-shoot’. The new and additional readings intend to fill some lacunae in the only partially preserved transmission of the early Syriac translation of the Dormition of Mary from Upper Mesopotamia.
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Monferrer-Sala, Juan Pedro. "An Early Fragmentary Christian Palestinian Rendition of the Gospels into Arabic from Mār Sābā (MS Vat. Ar. 13, 9th c.)". Intellectual History of the Islamicate World 1, n. 1-2 (2013): 69–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2212943x-20130105.
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Our aim in the present paper is to show that the translator of the oldest portions of the Gospels preserved in MS Vat. Ar. 13 used at least two texts, Greek and Syriac. Our analysis is based exclusively in the fragment represented by Matthew 11:1–19. According to our analysis of the translation strategies adopted by the Melkite translator the Greek text was used as the base text for the translation into Arabic. At the same time, the Syriac text/s was/were consulted for revising the previous translation made from Greek, a task which may have taken place during the very translation process. As we shall attempt to show in the present paper the revision made through Syriac text/s, together with the exegesis added by the translator, influenced the final Arabic version in some concrete parts of the texts.
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Joosten, Jan. "The Text of Matthew 13. 21a and Parallels in the Syriac Tradition". New Testament Studies 37, n. 1 (gennaio 1991): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0028688500015393.
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Christian Orientalists have always been fascinated by the fact that the Greek text of the canonical Gospels is in some way secondary to a Semitic tradition. Indeed, even if we accept that all four Gospels were written in Greek, we must allow, somewhere in the chain of tradition from the teaching of Jesus to the Gospel-writers, for a transition from Aramaic to Greek. Consequently, a fruitful exegetical approach to the Gospel text has been the attempt to go beyond the Greek text-form to the more original Aramaic wording and to understand this wording in its proper setting in Palestinian Judaism of the 1st century AD. Several methods have been applied within this approach. G. Dalman championed the retroversion of significant New Testament terms into Palestinian Jewish Aramaic (and Hebrew), and investigated the use of the retroverted terms in Jewish texts of the first centuries. J. Wellhausen, and others, searched for anomalies in the Greek Gospel-text which might be explained as mistaken translations of Aramaic expressions. The history of research on this question up to 1946 is discussed and evaluated by M. Black in his Aramaic Approach to the Gospels.
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Pahlitzsch, Johannes. "Some Remarks on the Use of Garšūnī and Other Allographic Writing Systems by the Melkites". Intellectual History of the Islamicate World 7, n. 2-3 (10 luglio 2019): 278–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2212943x-00702004.
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Abstract The aim of this paper is to address the question to what extent and for what reasons the Melkites, especially of Southern Syria and Egypt, resorted to allographic writing systems, of which garšūnī, the writing of Arabic with Syriac letters, was only one mode. Indeed, various languages such as Greek, Arabic, Syriac and Christian Palestinian Aramaic (CPA) coexisted in the Melkite community, which is characterized by its linguistic diversity. Melkite garšūnī texts can be dated to between the 11th and the late 13th centuries. While the Melkites were not the first to use garšūnī, this mode of writing was in this period far more widespread among them than in the other oriental Christian communities and not limited to notes and colophons, also including liturgical texts and probably a poem on the Mamluk conquest of Tripoli. Other allographic writing systems were also used by the Melkites, such as writing Arabic in Greek characters, Greek in CPA script or Greek in Syriac script. Consequently a rich, very versatile corpus of allographic writing modes was employed by the Melkites between the 9th and 13th centuries for different kinds of texts. Thus the idea that the use of a specific allographic mode can be attributed to the desire to express a sense of group identity or to the reverence for a specific sacred language seems not generally applicable for the Melkites. At different times and places various Melkite groups had different preferences, because there was no single Melkite prestige language. Therefore it is necessary to establish for each case the respective reasons for the application of a certain allographic writing system.
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ANTOSHCHENKO, D. V. "SYRIAN-ISRAELI RELATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN CRISES IN THE ARAB EAST". Sociopolitical Sciences 14, n. 2 (28 aprile 2024): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2223-0092-2024-14-2-45-54.
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The purpose of the study. The article examines the positions and interests of Syria and Israel in the Syrian crisis; the problems of the impact of Israel’s new war with HAMAS on the Middle East. The current situation in the Syrian conflict and Syrian-Israeli relations are analyzed; trends and prospects for the development of relations between the SAR and Israel in the context of the escalation of the conflict. The purpose of the study is to establish and identify the role and significance of the consequences of the war between Israel and HAMAS for the Middle East, as well as its impact on Syrian-Israeli relations and their further development in the Middle East region. Conclusions. The paper presents the results of a study of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict through the prism of the Syrian crisis. The author of the work examined the prerequisites and causes of the Palestinian-Israeli and Syrian conflicts, as well as analyzed the internal and external actors of the conflict in Syria. This work examines the role of Palestinians and Palestinian organizations in the Syrian civil war, examines the impact of the Syrian crisis on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, determines the degree of mutual influence of the two conflicts and shows the prospects for the development of the regional situation in their context.
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Almustafa, Maissaa. "Relived Vulnerabilities of Palestinian Refugees". Social & Legal Studies 27, n. 2 (12 dicembre 2017): 164–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0964663917746486.
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The international refugee protection regime failed in protecting millions of refugees during the current Syrian conflict. However, for more than half a million Palestinian refugees who have resided in Syria since 1948, this failure has been persistent since such time as they were never protected by the international protection regime. These Palestinian refugees are now reliving the trauma of their statelessness through the current Syrian conflict. Their lack of protection reveals a complex layering of the failure of the legal framework of refugee protection. This case demonstrates the limits of an international protection regime that was initially formulated to address a Eurocentric set of concerns. This article links the current protection gaps for Palestinian refugees from Syria with the structural flaws of the international refugee protection regime. The article argues that the particular legal frameworks that were established to govern the statelessness of Palestinian refugees since 1948 have contributed in prolonging this unresolved crisis and pushed stateless Palestinians into a new cycle of displacement and victimization.
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Doboš, Pavel. "The problem of different post-colonial spatial contexts in television news about distant wartime suffering". International Communication Gazette 81, n. 6-8 (10 gennaio 2019): 644–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048518822607.
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The point of departure of the article is distant suffering studies. The article tries to supplement them by theses from post-colonial and critical spatial theories that were elaborated in post-colonial geography. Through post-colonial imaginative geographies, the spatial context shapes Western television performances of wartime suffering. This is demonstrated by empirical examples of mediation of wars in Mali, Palestine and Syria, from the news of Czech Television. In the Malian case, the space is homogenized as a violent African space, where suffering is moral. In the Palestinian case, the space is divided into rational Israeli and barbaric Palestinian space, where Palestinians’ suffering is neglected, if Israel stays evidently rational. In the Syrian case, the suffering is accented, however, only if Syrians seem to want to de-Orientalize themselves. These cases demonstrate that there is always a need to be spatially sensitive in respect to mediated distant suffering from post-colonial regions.
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Posegay, Nick. "An Early Arabic Translation of Exodus 15 from a Palestinian Melkite Psalter in the Cairo Genizah". Collectanea Christiana Orientalia 21 (30 maggio 2024): 97–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/cco.v21i.16681.
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This article presents an Arabic translation of Exodus 15 from the Cairo Genizah, preserved in two fragments of a Christian lectionary (MSS CUL T-S NS 305.198 and T-S NS 305.210). The style of the lectionary's Arabic script suggests that it was copied by a well-trained scribe in the late 9th or early 10th century. Such a date makes it the oldest Christian Arabic Bible translation yet found in the Genizah. Linguistic analysis further indicates that its translator had access to the Peshitta and either the Syro-Hexapla or Septuagint of Exodus 15 during their work. Most likely, this translator was a ninth-century Melkite Christian who spoke both Syriac and Arabic.
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Brock, Sebastian. "Ktabe Mpassqe: Dismembered and Reconstituted Syriac and Christian Palestinian Aramaic Manuscripts: Some Examples, Ancient and Modern". Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies 15, n. 1 (1 febbraio 2012): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/hug-2012-150103.
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Frøyshov, Stig Simeon R., Aleksandra Nikiforova e Natalia Smelova. "Byzantine Influence before Byzantinisation: The Tropologion Sinai Greek NE ΜΓ 56+5 Compared with the Georgian and Syriac Melkite Versions". Religions 14, n. 11 (27 ottobre 2023): 1363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14111363.
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The article examines a selection of hymns of potentially Byzantine origin in the eighth-to-tenth-century manuscripts of the New Tropologion, which was the hymnal of the Anastasis cathedral of Jerusalem and in churches that followed its rite. Such adoption in the rite of Jerusalem represented a Byzantine influence before the wave of liturgical Byzantinisation that started in the late ninth and tenth centuries. For the first time, three versions of the New Tropologion are studied together: the Greek original and the Syriac and Georgian translations. The Greek Tropologion Sinai MS NE MΓ 56+5 is the primary material, compared with Sinai MS Syriac 48 and several Georgian New Iadgari manuscripts from Sinai. The study identifies one certain Byzantine element in the New Tropologion: parts of the feast of St. John Chrysostom, archbishop of Constantinople, and several probable Byzantine elements: the interpolation of the second ode in three canons by Kosmas of Jerusalem and one by John, and parts of the stichera series Aἱ ἀγγελικαὶ προπορεύεσθε δυνάμεις attributed to Romanos the Melodist. By contrast, the interpolated ode 1 in Kosmas’ canon for Great Saturday seems to be of Palestinian origin, and therefore not a Byzantine loan, contrary to traditional views. The article shows that there is considerable variation between the different versions of the New Tropologion.
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Pearlman, Wendy. "From Palestine to Syria: Three Intifadas and Lessons for Popular Struggles". Middle East Law and Governance 8, n. 1 (19 luglio 2016): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763375-00801004.
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What lessons can the Palestinian national movement offer contemporary revolts in the Middle East in general, and Syria, specifically? Though the Syrian revolt to overthrow dictatorship is distinct from Palestinians’ mobilization against occupation, many issues and patterns link them as popular struggles. Looking for such patterns, this essay examines three major uprisings in Palestinian history: the Great Revolt of 1936–39, the first Intifada beginning in 1987, and the second Intifada beginning in the year 2000. Comparing these cases to the ongoing Syrian rebellion, it draws conclusions about the factors shaping the course and success of grassroots struggles. Specifically it points to the yearning for dignity as the fundamental engine of popular mobilization against oppressive rule, the effect of state repression in escalating protest, and the relationship between movements’ internal political unity and the effectiveness of their campaigns for change.
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STRINDBERG, ANDERS. "Syria under Pressure". Journal of Palestine Studies 33, n. 4 (2004): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2004.33.4.053.
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Syria's sharp criticism of the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in March 2003 opened a particularly tense phase in Syrian-American relations, culminating in the May 2004 imposition of U.S. economic sanctions under the Syria Accountability Act. While accusing Damascus of being on the ““wrong side”” in the wars against terror and Iraq, Washington has raised a number of other issues, including Syria's military presence in Lebanon, its support for Hizballah and various Palestinian factions, its alleged ““interference”” in Iraq, and its possible possession of weapons of mass destruction. This report, based on numerous interviews with government officials, analysts, opposition figures, and ordinary citizens, examines Syria's reactions to these allegations, gradual changes in Syrian political culture, and various domestic developments.
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Al-Araji, Assist Prof Dr Salman Ali Hussein. "Iranian foreign policy towards Syria (a study in pillars and means)". International and Political Journal, n. 56 (1 settembre 2023): 111–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/ipj.i56.248.
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The development of the Syrian crisis and its transformation into a war has imposed new challenges on Iran. This development may lead to the fall of one of its allies in the Arab Levant, and this in turn will negatively affect its communication with Hezbollah and the Palestinian resistance factions loyal to it. It also creates obstacles to Iranian influence in the region and affects Syria’s relationship with Hezbollah in the event of the collapse of the Syrian regime, of which Lebanon is a natural geographical extension. Iran’s relationship with Hezbollah is of great importance, as it facilitates the transit of weapons and armed groups, whether from Iran or even from the Syrian people themselves. For these reasons, Iran moved towards Syria through several means and mechanisms, whether economic, military, or even cultural, in order to maintain its presence in the Middle East and its extensions to support the Palestinian resistance factions.
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Fogliata, Stefano. "“Safe but Frozen Camps”: Syrian and Palestinian Refugees around a Football Field in Beirut". Review of Middle East Studies 54, n. 2 (dicembre 2020): 234–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rms.2021.26.
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AbstractPalestinian camps in Lebanon have turned once more into “transitional zones of emplacement” for thousands of people recently fleeing the Syrian conflict. In this context, the plural subjectivities emerging within the camps highlight a further connection between spatial marginalization and precarious legal statuses. My research hinges on the interconnectivities evolving around the Palestinian Bourj el Barajneh camp and Hezbollah-controlled Beirut southern suburbs moving from an ethnographic insight of the Palestinian football society. Inside the “Refugee Football Leagues,” Palestinians, Syrians and Lebanese players find a space in leagues whose matches are mostly disputed within the numerous refugee camps scattered throughout the national territory. Moving from newcomers’ strategies for protection, the essay investigates how refugees living in camps experience different scales of mobility and develop a wide range of practices that extend beyond the camp's boundaries, exploring how imperceptible and hyper-mobile tactics of existence re-elaborate Palestinian refugee camps into meaningful places of elusive contestation.
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Nasser Eddin, Nof, e Nof Nasser-Eddin. "Palestinian Refugees: A Gendered Perspective". Exchanges: The Interdisciplinary Research Journal 3, n. 1 (17 settembre 2015): 96–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/eirj.v3i1.127.
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This article argues that the situation of Palestinian refugees is still relevant till this day. There are around five million refugees living in neighbouring Arab countries, such as Lebanon, Jordan, Syria and Egypt, as well as neighbouring areas in Palestine itself, like the West Bank and Gaza Strip, under very precarious conditions. Their situation is extremely unstable as any changes in the region can influence them directly.
The need to address this issue is particularly important because Palestinian refugees (as well as internally displaced Palestinians) have been both historically and politically marginalised. In particular, I will argue for a need to gender the debate around the Palestinian refugees, because the distinct experience of women Palestinian refugees has been overlooked within this context. Most literature has focused on the Palestinian refugees as a holistic population, which assumes all refugees share the same struggle. However, understanding the position of women within the context of the refugees and the unique struggles they face is essential to understanding their particular experiences as refugees and in highlighting their differential needs; this is why a feminist perspective is needed within the field of refugee studies.
This article is based on a feminist journey drawing on research interviews with female Palestinian refugees in camps in Jordan, and with Syrian Palestinian women in Turkey, Jordan and Europe.
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Benslama-Dabdoub, Malak. "Colonial Legacies in Syrian Nationality Law and the Risk of Statelessness". Statelessness & Citizenship Review 3, n. 1 (28 luglio 2021): 6–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35715/scr3001.112.
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The millions of Syrians born or living in exile as a result of the ongoing conflict has dramatically increased the number of people from Syria with no nationality. In this regard, Syrian nationality law has been criticised for containing discriminatory provisions and failing to address the risk of statelessness. Nonetheless, the responsibility of colonialism in creating such discrimination has been largely overlooked. One decade after the outbreak of the Syrian civil war, this article looks back at the colonial roots of Syrian legislation governing nationality. Through a critical legal and historical analysis, it reveals the hidden colonial legacies of Syrian citizenship, by highlighting the responsibility of European colonial powers in introducing gender-based discrimination in domestic legislation, rendering Kurds and Palestinians stateless, and creating the practice of arbitrary denationalisation. This paper ends with a call for more research on colonial legacies within citizenship and statelessness studies.
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Meier, Daniel. "Lebanon: The Refugee Issue and the Threat of a Sectarian Confrontation". Oriente Moderno 94, n. 2 (18 novembre 2014): 382–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22138617-12340063.
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This article highlights the many dimensions of the threat that exists nowadays in Lebanon regarding the impact of the Syrian uprising turning into a civil war. To do so, I will firstly focus on the issue of Syrian refugee in Lebanon. Recalling the Syrian-Lebanese complex relationship, the article delves in the collective memory of the Palestinian issue in Lebanon that pops up again as thousands of them are fleeing Syria to seek refuge in Palestinian camps. In the second part, the article addresses the related question of Sunnis/Shiites tensions that have become a significant factor in the Syrian civil war and that have been imported into Lebanon by major political parties and entrepreneurs of violence.
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Gabiam, Nell. "Recurring Displacement, Homemaking and Solidarity amongst Syrian and Palestinian Syrian Refugees in Turkey". Anthropology of the Middle East 16, n. 1 (1 giugno 2021): 32–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ame.2021.160103.
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This article focusses on Al-Nur, a community centre in Istanbul, Turkey, that caters to Syrian and Palestinian Syrian refugees. It is based on five months of fieldwork conducted in the winter and spring of 2017 in Turkey that included participant observation as a volunteer English teacher at Al-Nur. A focus on the philosophy that guides Al-Nur’s functioning as a community centre as well as on the stories of displacement of some of its managers and volunteers sheds light on the importance of being able to (re)create home in exile. Such a focus also sheds light on how repeated displacement has shaped Palestinian Syrian refugees’ experiences of exile from Syria as well as their interactions with Syrian refugees.
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Backlund, Maja, e Sepideh Olausson. "Nurses’ Experiences as Care Providers for Refugees in Emergency and Critical Care in Jordan: A Qualitative Interview Study". Global Qualitative Nursing Research 8 (gennaio 2021): 233339362110569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23333936211056932.
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During the global refugee crisis of the 2010s, hundreds of thousands of Syrians fled to Jordan. As displaced Palestinians have had refugee status for several decades in Jordan already, this study aimed to explore nurses’ perceptions of caring for Palestinian and Syrian refugees within the context of critical and emergency care. The qualitative design was executed through twelve semi-structured interviews with nurses working in refugee camps and public hospitals. Three main themes were identified describing the nurses’ empathetic understanding of the refugees’ situation, various challenging factors, as well as different aspects of the opportunities that they perceived in critical care and emergency care. The experiences of publicly employed nurses generally differed from those working in the camps. In addition, the findings indicate the importance of further research conducted locally, as it suggests several elements that have a negative impact on the quality of advanced healthcare for refugees.
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KARAM, JOHN TOFIK. "On the Trail and Trial of a Palestinian Diaspora: Mapping South America in the Arab–Israeli Conflict, 1967–1972". Journal of Latin American Studies 45, n. 4 (novembre 2013): 751–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x13001156.
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AbstractCentred around a May 1970 shooting at the Israeli embassy in Asunción, this article traces a chain of actions and reactions that began with Israel's victory in the Six-Day War in June 1967 and ended after the June 1972 verdict of a Paraguayan court regarding two Palestinians. Situated among Israeli officials, Palestinian refugees and Syrian-Lebanese elites, authoritarian Paraguay was not only encompassed by but also accommodated the post-1967 Arab–Israeli conflict, revealing the connection between the ‘areas’ of South America and the Middle East through ideas about relocating Palestinians as well as their actual displacement.
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Andersen, Rikke Sand. "The impetus of conflict on the reproduction of national identity among exiled Palestinians Evidence from a fieldwork in Syria". Migration Letters 2, n. 1 (1 aprile 2005): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v2i1.20.
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This paper discusses the reproduction of Palestinian nationalism among exiled Palestinians in Syria. Through a description of micro-level processes by which nationalism is reproduced, it is shown how important conflict and political struggles are in the formation of national identity and the directions it takes; also among immigrants who do not themselves live in the midst of the conflict. The paper argues that children should not be neglected in studies of nationalism. Memories of conflict and forced migration are found important in socialising the children, who are considered important co-actors in the process of preserving Palestinian nationalism in exile.
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Estefan, Kareem. "Narrating Looted and Living Palestinian Archives". Feminist Media Histories 8, n. 2 (2022): 43–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fmh.2022.8.2.43.
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After the Palestine Liberation Organization withdrew from Beirut as a result of Israel’s 1982 invasion of Lebanon, the most significant Palestinian film archive, comprising more than 100 documentaries, was nowhere to be found. This article examines Kings and Extras: Digging for a Palestinian Image (dir. Azza El-Hassan, 2004), a documentary that ostensibly chronicles the director’s search for the archive, but ultimately explores Palestinians’ recurrent efforts to narrate and visualize their historical reality in the face of archival appropriation and destruction. As El-Hassan travels between Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, and occupied Palestine, her journey becomes a quest for Palestinian freedom dreams, generating its own, living archive, uniquely Palestinian in its unauthorized, stateless, and itinerant form. Engaging Palestinian archival imaginaries alongside decolonial feminist critiques of positivist historiography, I propose “reparative fabulation” as an act of the radical narrative imagination that animates unrealized political potentialities glimpsed in the gaps endemic to violated archives.
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Szydzisz, Marcin. "Palestinian Refugees in Syria During the Syrian Civil War". Teka Komisji Politologii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych 12, n. 1 (17 settembre 2018): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/teka.2017.12.1.107.
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Sullivan, Benjamin M. "In the Shadow of Phoenicia: North Syria and ‘Palestinian Syria’ in Herodotus". Journal of Hellenic Studies 138 (2018): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0075426918000058.
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AbstractScrutiny of Herodotus’ ethnographic accounts of northern Syria and the region he calls ‘Palestinian Syria’ reveals oddities and inconsistencies. Here it is argued that such problems may be resolved if a fundamental fact is recognized: the enormous early literary prestige of the Phoenicians has obscured the historical roles of these other peoples in the Histories. The character and extent of this process, specifically as it bears on Syria-Palestine during Iron Age II, is analysed here. It is hoped that a new appreciation of the Syrians as an ethnicity may be gained as a result. It is suggested as well that for important historical problems researchers should ascertain whether Herodotus is not actually talking about Syrians when he discusses Phoenicians.
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Dwiatmaja, Alb Irawan. "Upaya Membangun Teologi Pembebasan Indonesia: Belajar dari Konteks Siria-Irak dan Palestina". Borneo Review 2, n. 1 (2 luglio 2023): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.52075/br.v2i1.101.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this article is to provide a new perspective in building theology that is appropriate to the Indonesian context. In an effort to build a distinctive Indonesian theology, the author explores the Syria-Iraq and Palestinian contexts that live in the midst of all situations and challenges in maintaining faith. John Damascus, al-Kindy al-Hasyimi, and Mitri Raheb developed a theology that fits the Syria-Iraq and Palestinian contexts. In their explanations, they present familiar terminology for the Syria-Iraq and Palestine situations, making it easier for Christians to explain the content of the Christian faith. In this way, Indonesian Christians can learn from Syrian-Iraqi and Palestinian Christians in building a Liberation theology that is uniquely Indonesian. To build a Liberation theology in Indonesia, it is necessary to pay attention to the challenges in Indonesia, namely the many cultures and religious traditions and more importantly to the issue of sectarianism or intolerance that results in violence. If the starting point for theology departs from the explanation of Jesus, there will be a clash. The Federation of Asian Bishops Conference (FABC) suggests doing theology in Asia, specifically in Indonesia, not starting with Christology but starting with Pneumatology.
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Levenson, David B. "The Palestinian Earthquake of May 363 in Philostorgius, the Syriac Chronicon miscellaneum, and the Letter Attributed to Cyril on the Rebuilding of the Jerusalem Temple". Journal of Late Antiquity 6, n. 1 (2013): 60–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jla.2013.0010.
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Rabbani, Mouin. "Between Hamas and the PA: An Interview with Islamic Jihad’s Khalid al-Batsh". Journal of Palestine Studies 42, n. 2 (2013): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2013.42.2.61.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Khalid al-Batsh, a senior official of Palestinian Islamic Jihad and the Gaza chair of the “Freedom Committee,” established under the Fatah-Hamas reconciliation agreement of May 2011, was interviewed in Cairo by Mouin Rabbani on 11 July 2012. The interview from which the following excerpts were taken covered a range of issues, including the impact of the “Arab Spring” on the Palestinians, the situations in Egypt and Syria, Islamic Jihad’s relations with Fatah and Hamas, and prospects for reform of the Palestinian Authority and the Palestine Liberation Organization. The excerpts below directly concern Islamic Jihad and Palestine. The complete interview in Arabic was published by JPS’s sister journal, Majallat al-Dirasat al-Filastiniyya, no. 93 (Winter 2013), pp. 122–37.
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McCall, Stephen J., Tanya C. El Khoury, Hala Ghattas, Shady Elbassuoni, Mhd Hussein Murtada, Zeina Jamaluddine, Christine Haddad et al. "Maternal and infant outcomes of Syrian and Palestinian refugees, Lebanese and migrant women giving birth in a tertiary public hospital in Lebanon: a secondary analysis of an obstetric database". BMJ Open 13, n. 2 (febbraio 2023): e064859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064859.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ObjectivesThis study aims to assess whether the characteristics, management and outcomes of women varied between Syrian and Palestinian refugees, migrant women of other nationalities and Lebanese women giving birth at a public tertiary centre in Beirut, Lebanon.MethodsThis was a secondary data analysis of routinely collected data from the public Rafik Hariri University Hospital (RHUH) between January 2011 and July 2018. Data were extracted from medical notes using text mining machine learning methods. Nationality was categorised into Lebanese, Syrian, Palestinian and migrant women of other nationalities. The main outcomes were diabetes, pre-eclampsia, placenta accreta spectrum, hysterectomy, uterine rupture, blood transfusion, preterm birth and intrauterine fetal death. Logistic regression models estimated the association between nationality and maternal and infant outcomes, and these were presented using ORs and 95% CIs.Results17 624 women gave birth at RHUH of whom 54.3% were Syrian, 39% Lebanese, 2.5% Palestinian and 4.2% migrant women of other nationalities. The majority of women had a caesarean section (73%) and 11% had a serious obstetric complication. Between 2011 and 2018, there was a decline in the use of primary caesarean section (caesarean section performed for the first time) from 7% to 4% of births (p<0.001). The odds of preeclampsia, placenta abruption and serious complications were significantly higher for Palestinian and migrant women of other nationalities compared to Lebanese women, but not for Syrian women. Very preterm birth was higher for Syrians (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.40) and migrant women of other nationalities (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.03) compared to Lebanese women.ConclusionSyrian refugees in Lebanon had similar obstetric outcomes compared to the host population, except for very preterm birth. However, Palestinian women and migrant women of other nationalities appeared to have worse pregnancy complications than the Lebanese women. There should be better healthcare access and support for migrant populations to avoid severe complications of pregnancy.
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Kahlenberg, Caroline. "The Predicament of a Palestinian Hebraist, 1912–1979". Jewish Quarterly Review 114, n. 1 (gennaio 2024): 141–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2024.a921351.
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Abstract: This essay explores Palestinian Arab knowledge production on Zionism. It focuses on the life of Ribhi Kamal (1912–79), a Palestinian scholar of Semitic languages who grew up in Jerusalem and excelled in modern Hebrew. During the 1948 War, Kamal was exiled to Damascus, where he repurposed his expertise in the service of the Syrian state. Kamal became the host of Radio Damascus’s Hebrew-language broadcast, a propaganda program that called on Jewish Israelis to resist Zionism and return to their “true” home countries. Kamal’s biography and work on Radio Damascus raise several broader questions. What led Arab intellectuals to study Hebrew in the early twentieth century? How did Palestinians employ their pre-1948 knowledge of Hebrew and Zionism in the service of post-1948 Arab governments? And how did Arab governments use radio as a tool of anticolonial propaganda?
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Stepkin, E. A. "On Political Islam in Palestine". MGIMO Review of International Relations, n. 5(44) (28 ottobre 2015): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2015-5-44-168-172.
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Abstract: This article deals with analyzing the place and the political Islam occupies on the Palestinian territories. The author tries to prove that despite the “Arab spring” and growing popularity of Islamism in the neighbor Arab countries its popular support among Palestinians is low. The main reason for this is Israeli total control of political, economic and - partially - social processes taking place in the West Bank. Position of the officials in Ramallah who together with Tel-Aviv strictly contain spread of Islamism throughout the West Bank also has a strong suppressing effect. Central Palestinian leadership may be called one of the few secular political establishments that are still in power in the Arab countries. The main explanation for this is the desire to make a positive effect on the international community, which Palestine totally depends on in political and financial terms. Also one should keep in mind secular beliefs of the current political elite in Palestine. President Mahmoud Abbas with his counterparts from FATAH and PLO represent old type of Arab nationalist politicians, almost all of who were stripped from power after the beginning of “Arab spring” in 2011. Finally, Palestinian society itself still feels united by the idea of national liberation from the Israeli occupation. This helps Palestinians to put aside the issue of religious self-identification. According to the surveys, most of Palestinians still rank their national identity number while describing their identity, while religion comes only second (despite the strong stable tendency for growing Islamization of their views). The only Palestinian enclave where political Islam has gained ground is isolated Gaza Strip. However ruling there “Islamic Resistance Movement” (HAMAS), despite declared anti-Zionism and Islamism, in reality show pragmatic readiness for certain coordination of its actions with Israel and central government in Ramallah. Nowadays one can witness the deepening conflict within the Islamist camp - between HAMAS and more radical Salafists, who support “Islamic State” in Iraq and Syria. In the final end the fate of Political Islam in Palestine will depend on the success of Middle East peace process.
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Gabiam, Nell. "Palestinians and Europe’s ‘Refugee Crisis’ Seeking Asylum in France in the Wake of the Syrian War". Journal of Refugee Studies 34, n. 2 (1 giugno 2021): 1327–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrs/feab015.
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Abstract This article examines French immigration policy through the experiences of Palestinians displaced by the war in Syria who are currently residing in France. In response to the Syrian refugee crisis, France has instituted an ‘asylum visa’ that enables refugees from Syria who are awarded the visa to travel legally from the Middle East to France to apply for asylum there. The asylum visa, also referred to as a ‘humanitarian visa’, extends to Syro-Palestinians. Humanitarian visas have been celebrated by some as a means by which individuals in need of international protection can seek asylum in Europe in a dignified and safe manner. I argue that it is too early to celebrate the French asylum visa. Indeed, evidence shows that steps to provide legal routes to Europe for asylum-seekers through humanitarian visas coexist with rather than overturn broader policies that seek to deter the majority of asylum-seekers from entering Europe.
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Korochkina, Victoria. "THE PALESTINIAN CASE AND ITS PLACE ON RUSSIA’S FOREIGN POLICY AGENDA". Political Expertise: POLITEX 17, n. 1 (2021): 52–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2021.105.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The events of the “Arab spring” and its consequences as well as the “Iranian threat”, which became a key security challenge for the Gulf States, not without the efforts of Benjamin Netanyahu and supported by the pro-Israel Trump administration (2016-2020), seemed to have removed the Palestinian case from the priority list of Middle East issues. The role of Russia, the traditional partner of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) since Soviet times, also looked more low- key after the collapse of the Soviet Empire, especially amid resolution of the military-political crisis in Syria. Russian diplomacy on the Palestinian track remained unnoticed compared to the activity in the region of Donald Trump’s envoys, who promoted a peace plan for settling the Palestinian-Israeli conflict known as the “deal of the century”. Having failed to achieve the main goal, the White House contributed to the signing of the “The Abraham Accords”, which was a breakthrough given that the Arab states declared the solution of the Palestinian issue as precondition for formal relations with the Jewish state. If Arab-Israeli normalization continues, Israel will have peace treaties with more than half of the Arab and Muslim states despite the deadlock in the peace process with the Palestinians. Based on the analysis of political processes amid the unresolved Palestinian problem, and above all, Russia’s attempts as a mediator to achieve a settlement of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, the author suggests that the Palestinian issue has not lost its political significance and relevance as much as the Israeli government under Netanyahu tries to sell it.
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Givoni, Michal. "The Nakba in a Livestream: Empathic Encounters and the Solidarity of Shared Precariousness". International Political Sociology 14, n. 4 (26 aprile 2020): 399–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ips/olaa012.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Since the summer of 2015, hundreds of Arab Palestinians from Israel have joined the massive number of volunteers who flocked to Greece and other locations in Europe to assist refugees from Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan, and other countries. Based on their stories about their experiences of volunteering, this essay examines how the affective regime of humanitarian action in crises mutates when such action is practiced by ordinary people who are living through their own protracted political crisis. Focusing on the empathy that Palestinian volunteers have practiced in their encounters with refugees, I show that the Palestinian relief actions and the solidarity of shared precariousness they embody challenge the premises of Western humanitarianism but also complicate the picture sketched by studies on “other humanitarianisms” from beyond the Western and universalist frame. I claim that empathy—one of the main humanitarian resources the Palestinian helpers have mobilized—has prompted a composite sense of affinity in which the similarities between the helpers and the refugees were both stressed and qualified. This affinity, as I further show, draws not just on the helpers’ traumatic memories and cultural and ethnic affiliations but also on their fears of the future.
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Zbeidy, Dina. "Marriage Registration among Palestinians and Syrians in Jordan". Sociology of Islam 6, n. 3 (25 settembre 2018): 359–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22131418-00603006.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Based on long-term fieldwork in Jordan, this paper discusses two marriage registration practices that have become topics of public debate and locus for intervention projects of development organizations: the early registration of marriages among Palestinian camp residents, and the non-registration of marriages among Syrian refugees. This paper shows how the narratives around marriage registration play a role in the production of identity and senses of belonging and provides insight into the overlaps and gaps between the discourses of development organizations and the concerns of those involved in these practices. In the Palestinian case, the early registration of marriage provides the couple with a limited but important space to get acquainted before the wedding. Women’s organizations and NGOs, however, often blame this practice for the increase in divorce rates before consummation. In the Syrian case, organizations focus on the negative legal and social consequences of not registering a marriage with the state, while conversations with Syrians reveal the obstacles they face while navigating the Jordanian legal system and their need to legitimize their non-registration of marriages.
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Alwedyan, Safaa. "Assessment of quality of life of Syrian refugees in Jordan: a questionnaire survey". International Journal of Scientific Reports 8, n. 12 (23 novembre 2022): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20223032.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The civil war in Syria resulted in a massive wave of refugees out of Syria into many safer countries in the world. Many aspects of their lives have been affected, hence affecting their overall quality of life. There is a scarcity of information on the quality of life and factors influencing it for Syrian refugees. The objective of the study was to assess the quality of life among Syrian refugees residing outside camps in Jordan.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A survey questionnaire was distributed to target Syrian refugees during a campaign "warmth and peace" to distribute winter needs to Syrian and Palestinian refugees organized by Qatar charity in cooperation with the Jordanian Hashemite Charitable Organization during the month of 12/2021. 239 questionnaires were collected. Quality of life was assessed using WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Most of the study population were females (57.3%). it was also observed that most of the study population were in the age group of 31−45 years (56.5%). (90.4%) of the study population were married. More than half of them have studied up to the primary level (63.6%). (44.8%) of households consisted of 4−6 person. With regard to monthly household income, most of them (87%) earned <300 JD. The Syrian refugees had a higher mean score in the psychological domain, followed by physical, environmental, and social.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Despite the support provided to Syrian refugees, it appears that they still suffer from poor physical, psychological health, social relationships, and environmental domains, with scores below 50 on a scale (0-100).</p>
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Karolyi, Paul. "Chronology". Journal of Palestine Studies 47, n. 4 (2018): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2018.47.4.s3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This is part 138 of a chronology begun by the Journal of Palestine Studies in Spring 1984, and covers events from 16 May to 15 August 2018 on the ground in the occupied Palestinian territories and in the diplomatic sphere, regionally and internationally. This quarter saw the start of the ongoing months-long Great March of Return, a protest demanding the right of return for Palestinian refugees to their homes in Israel. These peaceful, large-scale protests along Gaza's border were met with stunning violence from Israeli forces. The bloodiest day, which fell on the day of the ribbon-cutting ceremony for the U.S. embassy's move to Jerusalem, and the day before the seventieth anniversary of the Nakba, saw fifty-eight Palestinians dead at the hands of Israeli troops. The U.S. and Israel successfully blocked a formal investigation into these killings, in spite of multiple requests from U.N. members. As well, U.S. president Trump announced his decision to pull out of the Iran nuclear deal, after which tension and military attacks and counterattacks between Israel and Iranian forces in Syria mounted.
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Rocchi, Luciano. "Ottoman-Turkish loanwords in Egyptian and Syro-Lebanese-Palestinian Arabic – Part 3". Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis 139, n. 3 (23 marzo 2022): 239–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20834624sl.22.012.16122.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Although the earliest Turkisms that entered Arabic go back to the 9th century – when the Arabs began establishing regular contact with speakers of Turkic languages – a significant number of Turkish loans in both written and spoken Arabic only dates from the time of the Ottoman Empire, which in the course of its expansion conquered and for centuries ruled a large part of the Arab world. This paper aims to examine the words of Turkish origin found in the dialects spoken in Egypt and part of the Middle East (Syria, Lebanon, Palestine), i.e. the Arabophone regions that have been most exposed to Turkish influence for historical and cultural reasons. Attempts have also been made to provide information about the etymology of the Ottoman-Turkish words (interestingly, as some of these come from Arabic, the Egyptian, Syrian, etc. words borrowed actually prove to be backborrowings).
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Rocchi, Luciano. "Ottoman-Turkish loanwords in Egyptian and Syro-Lebanese-Palestinian Arabic – Part 2". Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis 139, n. 2 (30 maggio 2022): 109–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20834624sl.22.007.15631.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Although the earliest Turkisms that entered Arabic go back to the 9th century – when the Arabs began establishing regular contact with speakers of Turkic languages – a significant number of Turkish loans in both written and spoken Arabic only dates from the time of the Ottoman Empire, which in the course of its expansion conquered and for centuries ruled a large part of the Arab world. This paper aims to examine the words of Turkish origin found in the dialects spoken in Egypt and part of the Middle East (Syria, Lebanon, Palestine), i.e. the Arabophone regions that have been most exposed to Turkish influence for historical and cultural reasons. Attempts have also been made to provide information about the etymology of the Ottoman-Turkish words (interestingly, as some of these come from Arabic, the Egyptian, Syrian, etc., words borrowed actually prove to be backborrowings).
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Rocchi, Luciano. "Ottoman-Turkish loanwords in Egyptian and Syro-Lebanese-Palestinian Arabic – Part 1". Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis 139, n. 1 (29 marzo 2022): 19–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20834624sl.22.002.15477.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Although the earliest Turkisms that entered Arabic go back to the 9th century – when the Arabs began establishing regular contact with speakers of Turkic languages – a significant number of Turkish loans in both written and spoken Arabic only date from the time of the Ottoman Empire, which in the course of its expansion conquered and for centuries ruled a large part of the Arab world. This paper aims to examine the words of Turkish origin found in the dialects spoken in Egypt and parts of the Middle East (Syria, Lebanon, Palestine), i.e. the Arabophone regions that have been most exposed to Turkish influence for historical and cultural reasons. It has also been endeavoured to provide information about the etymology of the Ottoman-Turkish words (interestingly, as some of these come from Arabic, the Egyptian, Syrian, etc. words borrowed actually prove to be backborrowings).
45
Rocchi, Luciano. "Ottoman-Turkish Loanwords in Egyptian and Syro-Lebanese-Palestinian Arabic – Part 4". Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis 139, n. 4 (29 novembre 2022): 333–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20834624sl.22.016.16686.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Although the earliest Turkisms that entered Arabic go back to the 9th century – when the Arabs began establishing regular contact with speakers of Turkic languages – a significant number of Turkish loans in both written and spoken Arabic only date from the time of the Ottoman Empire, which in the course of its expansion conquered and for centuries ruled a large part of the Arab world. This paper aims to examine the words of Turkish origin found in the dialects spoken in Egypt and parts of the Middle East (Syria, Lebanon, Palestine), i.e. the Arabophone regions that have been most exposed to Turkish influence for historical and cultural reasons. It has also been endeavoured to provide information about the etymology of the Ottoman-Turkish words (interestingly, as some of these come from Arabic, the Egyptian, Syrian, etc. words borrowed actually prove to be backborrowings).
46
Krilov, A. V. "Features of democratic reforms in Jordan". MGIMO Review of International Relations, n. 2(29) (28 aprile 2013): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2013-2-29-113-119.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article presents the analysis of the political, demographic and other aspects of the Palestinian community in Jordan, which has become a major factor in the Jordanian political life since the beginning of Arab-Israeli conflict and Israel’s occupation of the West Bank. The results of the research show that political and social-economic reforms of Jordanian King Abdullah II haven’t improve the status of the Palestinians, especially the status of the Palestinian refugee camps residents in Jordan. In contrast to the indigenous population (Bedouin population and some Caucuses or Circassian communities) they have no political representation, no access to power, no competitive education and business activity is under restrictions. Today the Palestinians and their descendants make up in Jordan at least two thirds of the population and most of them support the Hamas and other radical Islamic groups. Since the aftermath of the Black September Civil War (1970-1971) they continue to be the main factor that can destabilize the internal situation in the Hashemite Kingdom. Current unfavorable economic conditions and the extremely volatile situation on the borders of Jordan with Syria, Iraq and the area of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict are most likely to the growth of Islamist activity, including Islamic extremists calling for the overthrow of the Hashemite monarchy. In this context the possibility of mass anti-monarchy protests can’t be excluded. At the same time King Abdullah and his political proponents are well aware of this challenge and the dependence on the development of the situation in the Middle East, as well as financial and military support of powerful Western States and the Golf oil-producing monarchies. In seeking to preserve the existing status quo Jordanian authorities would deliberately put the country in a state of dependency on the political interests of the U.S. and Saudi Arabia, in return for all kinds of preferences, including military aid if a threat to the security of the Kingdom is expected.
47
Salamah, Salim. "The Unacknowledged Syrians: Mobilization of Palestinian Refugees of Yarmouk in the Syrian Revolution". Confluences Méditerranée N° 99, n. 4 (2016): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/come.099.0047.
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Al-Husban, Yusra, e Ahmad Ayen. "The Impact Of The Syrian Civil War On Land Use / Land Cover In Al-Yarmouk Basin During 2010–2018". GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 13, n. 2 (24 giugno 2020): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2018-73.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The study goal is to monitor and evaluate the significant changes in land use/land cover (LULC) in Al-Yarmouk basin (YB) within only 8 year. (YB) is shared between Syria, Jordan, Palestinian Authority, and Israel. (YB) has been affected not only by water scarcity, frequent drought conditions; But nowadays provide proof that the major factor responsible for the current of the significant changes in (LULC) in the study area is the Syrian civil war that began in mid-2011, and the Syrian refugee influx into Jordan has been massive, more than 660,935 Syrians were registered in three camps; Za’atri the largest refugee camp in the world, Azraq and the Emirate, according to the Official figures, with the highest density about 58 not 50 person look; Fig.5 in YB. Landsat Thematic Mapper Landsat 5 (2010) and 8-OLI (2018) covering a period of 8 years. An on-screen digitizing methodology has been employed. The images of the study area were categorized into four different classes: vegetation, built-up area, barren area, and water bodies. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was applied at a threshold value≥ 0.1 to distinguish between the vegetated area and non-vegetated areas. IN this study, the NDVI and LULC based classification have indicated that significant change in (LULC) between a year 2010 and 2018. The Major change has been found in the vegetation area which decreased by (-12.02%), in addition, an increase of the built up area by (+1.69%). Al-Wehda dam area decreased by -0.08%. Linear regression trends showed a slight decrease in the mean rainfall during the study period (2010/2018). However, this finding is not statistically significant at the 95 % confidence level.
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Ait-Chaalal, Amine. "The situation in the Middle East in 2017: a complex equation with numerous variables". Caderno de Política Exterior 4, n. 7 (30 agosto 2018): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.61623/cpe.v4n7.a06.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
For decades, the Middle East is at the center stage of international relations and a matter of great concern for policy‑makers, diplomats, scholars, journalists and numerous other people interested in regional and world stability. Nowadays, more than ever, the Middle East is in turmoil. The destabilizing issues are numerous: the horrendous situation in Syria and its awful consequences, in particular the refugees’ crisis; the instability of Iraq; the deteriorating (not to say vanishing) peace process between the Israelis and the Palestinians; the delicate stability of Lebanon, that is highly affected by the Syrian war; the very shaky political landscape in Afghanistan; the complex follow-up of the 2015 Iran nuclear agreement; the war in Yemen. All those elements, and many others, are drastically affecting the Middle East, and also international peace and stability. They have consequences and after-shocks that are sometimes felt thousands of kilometers away from the Middle East. In this regard, amid this turmoil, it could be useful to try to decipher and to clarify some elements in order to understand the equation of the contemporary Middle East and the actions of the main international protagonists in the region1 . Five issues have been selected for this article: the peace process between the Israelis and the Palestinians, the situations in Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan, and the follow-up of the 2015 Iran nuclear deal.
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Totah, Faedah M. "The Palestinian cause in Syrian nationalism". Dialectical Anthropology 42, n. 4 (8 ottobre 2018): 429–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10624-018-9530-9.
Testo completo