Articoli di riviste: "Substance abuse"

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Davis, Paula, Chantal A. Hermann, Stuart Freedman e Leslie Lucenti. "Examining Predictive Validity of the Level of Service Inventory–Ontario Revision (LSI-OR) Substance Abuse Subscale for Different Types of Substance Users". Criminal Justice and Behavior 47, n. 8 (21 maggio 2020): 956–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854820918621.

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Substance abuse is a risk factor for recidivism that is commonly assessed by the Level of Service Inventory–Ontario Revision (LSI-OR) via the Substance Abuse subscale. Research has yet to examine the predictive validity of this subscale relative to types of substances abused. To explore this, substance abuse history, LSI-OR information, and recidivism were coded for a sample of 498 individuals convicted of a crime with a current substance abuse problem. These individuals were classified by the types and number of substances abused. Results of this study provide some evidence supporting the predictive validity of the LSI-OR Substance Abuse subscale. Furthermore, we found preliminary evidence supporting the predictive validity of the subscale for substance abusers relative to types of substances abused and for those who abuse a single substance versus multiple substances. These results have implications for research, policy, and correctional practice.

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Osadolor, Obehi O., e Nneka K. Onyejaka. "Substance Abuse and Oral Health of Adolescence". Journal of Nepalese Association of Pediatric Dentistry 3, n. 1 (12 dicembre 2022): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnapd.v3i1.50065.

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Substance abuse is a rising health trend that affects countries worldwide.It is associated with financial, social, medical, oral and economic effects that can affect the user, community and the society. Some substances have been used in the history of mankind for religious, cultural, recreational and medicinal purposes. Substance abuse among adolescents is increasing with possible associated factors like peer influence, availability and affordability of substances, favourable parental attitude to substance use, parental substance use problems, parental approval of substance use in early adolescence, family structure, locality of residence, social bonding, boredom, type of school, and adventurous personality. Oral health conditions among substance abusers may be attributed to the direct impact of the chemical qualities and nature of the illicit substances on oral tissues, decreased saliva production, concentration, personal preference, the frequency and amount of consumption of the abused substanceand the substance abuser associated oral health risk behaviours.

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Amir, Taha. "COMPARISON OF PATTERNS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE IN SAUDI ARABIA AND THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 29, n. 6 (1 gennaio 2001): 519–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2001.29.6.519.

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The aim of the present study was to compare the patterns of substance abuse in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). One hundred and twenty substance abusers from the KSA and 79 substance abusers from the UAE participated. All participants were males. Age, education, age at onset of abuse, substances abused, duration of abuse, mode of abuse, and employment were investigated. Analysis of the data revealed some similarities including age, employment, and substances prevalent among poly-substance abusers. Differences in patterns of substance abuse included age at onset, prevalence of polysubstance abuse, and substances prevalent among single-substances abusers. The findings are discussed and compared with previous reports. Recommendations for future studies are made.

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Gurung, Alisha, e Hari Prasad Kaphle. "Contributing Factors of Substance Abuse among Secondary Level School Students in Bharatpur Metropolitan". Journal of Health and Allied Sciences 10, n. 1 (1 giugno 2020): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37107/jhas.142.

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Introduction: Substance abuse is harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substance including alcohol and illicit drugs. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and contributing factors for substance abuse among secondary school level students in Bharatpur Metropolitan. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 495 students of grade 11 and 12 in secondary school setting in Bharatpur metropolitan from June to December, 2019. Data were collected using self-administered anonymous questionnaire. Chi-square test was performed to find out the association between dependent and independent variables and crude odd ratio was obtained to measure the strength of association. Results: The result of the study showed that 18.8% participants were currently involving in substance abuse. Alcohol was found to be most commonly abused substance by participants. Substance abuse was significantly associated with male students (OR=11.903, 95% CI: 6.395-22.157), high monthly household income abuse (OR=1.709, 95% CI: 1.085-2.691), time spent on internet more than one hour per day (OR=2.401, 95% CI: 1.388-4.153), no control over internet by others (OR= 2.578, 95% CI: 1.574-4.224), management students (OR= 1.678, 95% CI: 1.011-2.286), absence school more than 4 days in a month (OR= 2.401, 95% CI: 1.338-4.153), students living with others than family members (OR= 2.577, 95% CI: 1.339-4.958), substance abuser in family (OR= 2.701, 95% CI: 1.667-4.377), sibling abuse substances (OR= 4.757, 95% CI:1.467-15.248), substance abuser in close friend circle (OR= 11.204, 95% CI: 6.693-4.18.755), friends insisted/enforced to take substances (OR= 2.978, 95% CI: 1.409-6.294), substance abuser in neighborhood (OR= 2.866, 95% CI:1.777-4.621) and stressful events (OR= 2.434, 95% CI: 1.130-5.243). Conclusion: The study concluded that various socio-demographic, socio economic, technological, educational, environmental and psychological factors play significant role in substance abuse among secondary school students. It is recommended to observe and monitor activities of adolescents regularly, provide a suitable and supportive environment to adolescents and provide school, community and health facility based awareness, counselling and problem solving approaches for adolescents to solve the problem of substance abuse.

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N.Abhijit e M.Pradeep Kumar. "A Cross Sectional Study on Prevalence and Determinants of Substance Abuse among College Students". Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 15, n. 3 (4 luglio 2024): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.37506/p3tt9093.

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Background: Substance abuse in India continues to be a major problem for both individuals and society. Substance abuse refers to hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including smoking, alcohol and illicit drugs. Substance abuse can lead to dependence syndrome-a cluster of behavioral, cognitive and physiological phenomena that develop after repeated use of substances like alcohol and tobacco. Objectives: To find out the prevalence and determinants of substance abuse among college students and assess the awareness regarding treatment of substance abuse among them. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among 200 college students randomly selected from different colleges in Ongole from April to May 2022. Data was collected by using pre-tested semi structured questionnaires after taking informed consent from study participants. p- value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Prevalence of substance abuse was 34%, and the common substances abused were alcohol, smoking, ganja and gutka. Major determinants were experimentation followed by peer pressure and family influence. Hostel stay, socio economic status and professional courses are found to be statistically significant for substance abuse . Conclusions: Substance abuse is a rampant problem globally. Proper awareness has to be provided regarding substance abuse to children by family and teachers right from a young age to prevent increased incidence of substance abuse.

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Brink, Sandra, Piet Oosthuizen, Robin Emsley, Irene Mbanga e Natasha Keyter. "Relationship between substance abuse and first-episode psychosis - a South African perspective". South African Journal of Psychiatry 9, n. 1 (1 luglio 2003): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v9i1.129.

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Background. Co-morbidity between substance abuse and psy- chotic disorders is high. Few studies have examined therelationship between first-episode psychosis and substance abuse. Several questions emerge from this common relationship and many of them remain unanswered.Objectives. To determine the effect of substance abuse on psychosis in terms of onset, duration, severity of symptoms, use of medication and outcome.Method. Thirty - three subjects with first-episode psychosis, as well as primary caregivers, were interviewed re g a rding substance abuse and its relation to illness. Thirty-six control subjects were also interv i e w e d .Results. Twenty-seven per cent of subjects abused substances in the 3 months before onset of illness, and 77.8% of the abusers w e re male. Subjects in the first-episode psychosis group were m o re likely to choose cannabis as their substance of abuse than c o n t rols. They also started abusing substances at a younger age than controls. Subjects with first-episode psychosis who abused substances presented at an earlier age than non-abusers. Substances affected symptoms at baseline presentation .Conclusions. Substance abuse has a significant impact on first- onset psychosis as far as age of onset and symptom severity are c o n c e rned. Subjects with an underlying vulnerability to psychosis seem to start abusing substances at an earlier age than the general population. Males are more likely to abuse substances than females.

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Sanda, Yakubu Nehemiah, Natalia A. Anigbogu, Rhibetnaan D. Panshak e Abdulganiyu Bello. "ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN JOS, NIGERIA". Journal of Surveying, Construction & Property 14, n. 1 (28 giugno 2023): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/jscp.vol14no1.6.

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The use of drugs and other related substances in the construction industry is fast becoming a serious challenge. These substances when abused could have negative impact on the psyche of workers which affects the success of construction projects. This study therefore assesses the impact of substance abuse on construction projects with view to suggest possible measures for ameliorating those impacts towards successful project management. Questionnaire was used in collecting the data; mean score and charts were the instruments used in analysing the data. The major causes of substance abuse on construction sites were the stress of working long hours and pressure to meet up with strict deadlines. Substances commonly abused were locally brewed beer (burkutu), cannabis and prescription drugs such as emzol and tutoline. The rate of substance abuse among construction was adjudged to be high. Substance abuse affects workers’ ability to achieve project specifications, compromises clients’ satisfaction, causes cost and time overruns. The study suggests developing workplace drug and alcohol policies, pre-employment and random testing of workers and harsh punitive measures for offenders as effective strategies against substance abuse on construction sites in the study area.

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Ofiaeli Chioma, Ogochukwu, Ifeoma Udigwe Bridget, Chizalu Ndukwu Ifeyinwa e Obiageli Emelumadu Fidelia. "Knowledge and indulgence in substance abuse among adolescents in Anambra state, South-East Nigeria". African Health Sciences 22, n. 1 (29 aprile 2022): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v22i1.29.

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Background: Substance abuse is a growing societal problem with adolescents being at increased risk. The few studies in Nigerian adolescents have not factored in their knowledge base with regard to the concept of substance abuse. Objectives: This study determined the indulgence in and knowledge of substance abuse and associated factors among adolescents. Methods: This was a questionnaire based study involving 10 to 19year olds recruited from an adolescent summer camp in Anambra state, South-East Nigeria. Results: The data of 276adolescents was analyzed, male–91, 33%, M: F = 1: 2. Mean age was 16.4 ± 1.4years. 13.8% (38) accepted they had abused substances in the past; 74.3% (205) had the correct knowledge of the meaning of substance abuse; 10.1% (28) admitted taking substances for pleasure. The substances taken included Alcohol (67.9%), Cigarette (25.0%), Tramadol (10.7%), Cocaine (7.1%), among others. Multiple substances were taken 28.6% of the time. Age category had no significant association with the abuse of substances (X2–2.656, p = 0.282). Stratified by age category, gender had a significant association with substance abuse in Late adolescence (n = 11; M–9, 81.8%; F–2, 18.2%; X2 = 6.893, p = 0.016) but not Mid-adolescence (n = 27; M – 10, 37.0%; F – 17, 63.0%; X2 = 0.749, p = 0.500). Conclusion: An unacceptable proportion of the adolescents were already exposed to substances/drugs in spite of having suboptimal knowledge. Adolescents need to be educated on substance abuse and its dangers in order to curb this in the society. Keywords: Drug abuse; adolescence; knowledge; Nigeria.

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Smriti, Sneh, S. V. Divakar, S. P. Suryanarayana e M. Puttaswamy. "Prevalence of substance abuse among high school students in field practising area of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Medical College, Bengaluru". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, n. 10 (24 settembre 2018): 4423. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183987.

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Background: Substance abuse is an increasing public health problem. Use of tobacco, alcohol, and other substances is a global problem and affects many children and adolescents. Abuse of substances exposes the youth to several physical, psychological and social consequences. Objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of substance abuse amongst high school students in selected schools of Bengaluru and to identify factors predisposing to substance abuse.Methods: Type of study was cross-sectional, study was done from November 2017 to January 2018, study subjects were high school students, sample size was 300, tool for study was structured questionnaire, descriptive analysis done using Microsoft Excel.Results: Out of 300 subjects 10% agreed that they have done abuse of substances. Most of them started it at age below 15 years. Most common reason to start was for fun.Conclusions: Substance abuse was present among high school students and most commonly abused substance was tobacco in the form of cigarettes and most common reason was for fun followed by peer pressure and low marks.

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Ndu, Akachukwu Vitalis, Cyril O. Ugwuoke e Obinna J. Eze. "SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOUR OF YOUTH IN NSUKKA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, ENUGU STATE". Gusau Journal of Sociology 4, n. 2 (20 maggio 2024): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.57233/gujos.v4i2.1.

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Debates over the years, have favored the assumption that individuals who engage in substance abuse have high proclivity to demonstrate antisocial behaviours as direct consequence of substance abuse. But with increase in different psychotropic substances and reports of wide spread substance abuse, this study attempted to revisit youth substance abuse with the hope of ascertaining the current nature of substances they abuse, the extent to which they abuse it, how the abuse relates to their antisocial behaviours, the consequences of the above on them, the challenges associated with the mitigation/control of youth drug abuse and measures that could be adopted to address the phenomenon of youth drug abuse and antisocial behaviours. The study is anchored on containment theory and based its analysis on quantitative data obtained from randomly selected sample of five hundred and ninety-four (594) youth, and qualitative data obtained from purposively selected nine (9) interviewees. Data collected using questionnaire were coded and analyzed with SPSS Version 21 for descriptive and inferential result, while the qualitative responses were transcribed and analyzed to provide in-depth insights, using direct quotes and illustrations. The study found a significant positive correlation between the extent of substance use and degree of indulgence in antisocial behaviours. Property related antisocial behaviours like theft, armed robbery and vandalism were all found to relate with different forms of substance abuse. Measures like youth empowerment, access to counselling services, public sensitization, police border patrol, and increasing the cost of regularly abused substances could be improved to reduce youth drug abuse.

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Pagliaro, Louis A., e Ann M. Pagliaro. "The Phenomenon of Substance Abuse among the Elderly: Part I". Journal of Pharmacy Technology 8, n. 2 (marzo 1992): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875512259200800206.

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Because substance abuse, already a major problem among elderly people, is expected to worsen significantly during the 1990s, healthcare providers must be better prepared to identify and deal effectively with this important area of geriatric care. We present an overview of the phenomenon of substance abuse among the elderly with particular attention to the abuse of alcohol and benzodiazepines, the two substances most commonly abused by elderly people. Traditionally, substance abuse among the elderly has gone largely unrecognized because of a low level of suspicion, misdiagnosis, and concealment. It is axiomatic that problems cannot be solved unless they are first identified and appropriately characterized. To respond to the increasing problem of substance abuse among the elderly, healthcare providers must recognize that elderly people are at particular risk for substance abuse, and because of their heterogeneity, they require individualized and diverse prevention and treatment approaches. Once the abuse is identified and properly characterized, specific prevention and treatment strategies can be developed and implemented.

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Kutcher, S., E. Kachur, P. Marton, J. Szalai e R. Jaunkalns. "Substance Abuse among Adolescents with Chronic Mental Illnesses: A Pilot Study of Descriptive and Differentiating Features*". Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 37, n. 6 (agosto 1992): 428–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379203700614.

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Twenty-six adolescents with a chronic mental illness (schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder of at least 1.5 years' duration) were assessed for the presence or absence of comorbid substance abuse. The two groups were compared on a number of variables believed to identify or predict substance abuse. The substance abusing subgroup were significantly different in levels of social functioning, school achievement, premorbid substance abuse, having parents or siblings who abused substances, dysfunctional families, cigarette smoking, number of hospital admissions, and emergency room visits. These findings are discussed in the context of clinical issues regarding the management of adolescents with chronic mental illnesses.

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Fetterhoff, Kelly. "Substance Abuse Stigma". Journal of Addictions Nursing 34, n. 4 (ottobre 2023): E195—E200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jan.0000000000000531.

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Abstract Substance abuse stigma is a social phenomenon that negatively impacts individuals who use illicit substances or alcohol. This stigma includes the derogatory terms used to describe people who use substances; perceptions that individuals with alcohol and substance use disorder are dangerous, immoral, and of weak character; and the public blaming of the addicted people for their addiction. Substance abuse took the life of over 100,000 Americans between 2020 and 2021, and one identified barrier to treatment is the stigma associated with substance abuse. When someone is ashamed, they are less likely to seek treatment, and when someone is seeking help and is greeted with negative preconceptions, they are again deterred from treatment. The stigma exists in multiple layers of society including the general public, policy makers, the police, doctors, and nurses and within the person using the substance. The purpose of this article is to define substance abuse stigma in multiple contexts and explore its effects on treatment.

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Mudenda, Steward. "Prevalence of Substance Use Disorders During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study in Kanyama Township of Lusaka District, Zambia". TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 11, n. 3 (29 settembre 2023): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijph.2013.11.03.art010.

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The coronavirus disease (Covid-19) pandemic has caused suffering and pain to mankind leading to many individuals practising self-medication and substance abuse that could elevate substance use disorders (SUDs). This study assessed the impact of Covid-19 on SUDs among Kanyama residents of Lusaka district, Zambia. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using patient files at Kanyama First-Level Hospital from September 2021 to October 2021. Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 26.0. Of the 101 participants, 86.1% were male. The study showed that Covid-19 had an impact on SUDs with alcohol (83.2%) being the most abused substance. There was no significant difference in the type of substances abused (p=0.870) and intoxication symptoms (p=0.331) between the pre-Covid and post-Covid groups. There was a significant difference between substance use (p=0.001) and withdrawal symptoms (p=0.002) in both cohorts, with the post-Covid group consuming more substances and experiencing more withdrawal symptoms. Factors that influenced substance abuse included recent unemployment (p<0.001), boredom (p<0.001), overcrowding at home (p<0.001), and gender-based violence (p<0.001) influenced the change in the pattern of substance use. Recreational use was not associated with a change in the pattern of substance abuse (p=0. 667). This study found that the Covid-19 pandemic increased the practices of substance abuse among Kanyama residents, especially those who were unemployed, bored, overcrowded at home and experienced gender-based violence. There is a need to heighten the monitoring and restriction of substance use, especially among adolescents and youths to curb some mental health problems. Keywords: Covid-19; Pandemic; Self-medication; Substance abuse; substance use disorders; Zambia.

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Sarkar, Kingsuk, Suman Kumar Roy e Ritesh Singh. "A study of substance abuse among male engineering students staying at hostels in a township near Kolkata". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, n. 8 (23 luglio 2018): 3304. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20182990.

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Background: Substance is being more common during college days, due to academic pressure, peer group effects, popularity and easy access to common substances. Men are more likely to engage in substance abuse. This was supposed to be more common in hostels. A study was carried out among male engineering students staying at hostels - with aims to find out the magnitude of substance abuse, to assess the potential risk of different substances abused and to find out a comparison between these two groups.Methods: Study was carried out with the help of two part questionnaire, one part containing alcohol, smoking and substance involvement screening test 8 item screening tool proposed by WHO (WHO-ASSIST). Other part contained socio demographic information. First 50 students, in each two colleges were enrolled in the study after getting their consent.Results: Ever use of tobacco product was found to be 66.0% and 22.0%, of alcoholic beverages: 72.0% and 26.0%, of cannabis: 46.0% and 14.0% - for students of government and private engineering college respectively. In the past 3 months, tobacco (36.0%) followed by cannabis (12.0%) were found to be the most commonly abused substances in government engineering college students while both (6.0%) cannabis and tobacco were the commonest substances of daily abuse among private engineering college students.Conclusions: High level of substance abuse was found to be present among male engineering students staying at hostels with higher level found among students of government engineering college.

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Ziaaddini, Hasan, Tayebeh Ziaaddini e Nouzar Nakhaee. "Pattern and Trend of Substance Abuse in Eastern Rural Iran: A Household Survey in a Rural Community". Journal of Addiction 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/297378.

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Introduction and Aim. Substance abuse imposes hazards on human health in all biopsychosocial aspects. Limited studies exist on epidemiology of substance abuse and its trend in rural areas. The present study aimed to compare substance abuse in one of the rural areas of southeast Iran, in a 12-year period (2000 and 2012).Design and Methods. In a household survey conducted in 2012, in Dashtkhak/Kerman, 1200 individuals above 12 years of age completed a questionnaire to determine their frequency of substance abuse. The questionnaire included the following three areas: demographic characteristics, frequency of substance abuse and ease of access to various drugs.Results. Among 900 completed questionnaires, majority of the participants (61.8%) were below 30 years of age and among them 54.4% were male. Cigarette (17.0%), opium (15.7%) and opium residue (9.0%) were the most frequent substances abused on a daily basis. Based on the participant’s opinion, we conclude that the ease of access to cigarette, waterpipe and opium contributed to their increase in consumption compared with earlier years.Discussion and Conclusion. The steady rise in substance abuse in rural communities demands immediate attention and emergency preventive measures from policy makers.

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A.N., Igboka, Elkhanah C.N. e Agbapuonwu N.E. "Prevalence of Substance Abuse Among Secondary School Adolescents in Owerri Municipal Council of Imo State". African Journal of Health, Nursing and Midwifery 6, n. 1 (22 febbraio 2023): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-rngoj5j7.

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Substance abuse can be described as any chemical abuse, implying the use of one or more substances in a manner that its user excessively and progressively consumes the substance in large quantities or in a manner detrimental to themselves or to those around them. The study examined the prevalence of substance abuse among secondary school adolescents in Owerri Municipal Council of Imo State. The study adopted the descriptive survey design. Two research questions and hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study comprised all 4,435 Senior Secondary School II students in the ten public secondary schools in Owerri Municipal Council of Imo State. A sample of 420 students was drawn for the study using the simple random sampling technique (balloting) and proportionate sampling technique. A self-structured questionnaire titled “prevalence of substance abuse among adolescents in secondary schools” (POSAASS) and interview question on students’ substance abuse for teachers, principals and counsellors were used to obtain data. The questionnaire was designed on a four-point Likert scale. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was ensured. The test-retest method and Cronbach alpha method was used to establish the internal consistency and a reliability coefficient of 0.85 was obtained. Responses to the research questions were answered with mean and standard deviation, while the hypothesis was tested with independent t-test statistics. The findings of the study revealed that there is a high prevalence of substance abuse among the adolescents in secondary schools in Owerri Municipal council of Imo state, with alcohol rating as the most used and abused substance (100%) and stimulants the least used and abused substances (20.71%). Other substances that are used and abused among adolescents’ in secondary schools in Owerri Municipal council of Imo state include cigarettes (89.76%), and menthol sweet melted in carbonated drinks (98.1). Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that there should be constant regulation and monitoring by parents of the kind of company their children keep, counselling and health education of the adolescents in schools by the school health nurse and counsellors.

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Ajibola, Idowu, Aremu Ayodele Olatayo, Akanbi Ibukun Mary, Eseigbe Gloria, Adewale Victoria, Awubite Loliya, Adebayo Olumide et al. "Prevalence, pattern and determinants of substance abuse among youths in a rural community of Osun State, Southwest Nigeria". African Health Sciences 23, n. 4 (27 dicembre 2023): 563–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i4.59.

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Study objectives: This study assessed the prevalence, patterns and factors associated with substance abuse among youths ofEjigbo community, Osun State, Nigeria.Method: This was a descriptive cross–sectional study which employed cluster sampling method to select 420 consenting youths(aged 15-24years). Data were collected using interviewer–administered, semi structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferentialstatistics were carried out at p < 0.05.Results: The mean age (±SD) of the respondents was 19 ± 4.18 years. Majority (89%) of the respondents possessed good knowledge of substance abuse while 4% of them had a positive attitude towards it. Above a quarter (29.8%) of respondents had ever consumed alcoholic beverages while 12.3% of them had engaged in substance abuse. Besides alcohol, Shisha and tramadol were the most commonly abused substances in the study setting. Respondents’ age (AOR=3.11;95%CI=1.67-5.24), gender (AOR=1.87;95%CI=1.53-9.25), attitude to substance use (AOR=5.90;95%3.45-10.23) and marital status (AOR=3.27;95%- CI=2.71-7.24) were the main determinants of substance abuse in the study setting.Conclusion: Respondents in the current study had good knowledge, predominantly negative attitude but a relatively high burdenof substance abuse. There is urgent need for policy makers to upscale fights against the menace of substance abuse among rural Nigerian youths.

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Tambari, Ishaka, Mustapha Aliyu e Bello Sulaiman. "Substance Abuse Effect On Cognitive Ability Of Selected Youngsters Studying In Gwadabawa, Sokoto State, Nigeria". ALSYSTECH Journal of Education Technology 2, n. 1 (22 dicembre 2023): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.58578/alsystech.v2i1.2372.

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Substance abuse is among the major issues affecting schools and education in Nigeria. Many substances affect the mind and whole body of youngsters negatively leading to hospitalizations, school drop-outs, absenteeism and other effects that affect education at whole. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of substance abuse on cognitive potential of some schooling youngsters in Gwadabawa, Sokoto State Nigeria. 15 young people that abuse substances and are attending schools, and 15 normal people in Gwadabawa, Sokoto state, Nigeria were recruited in this work and were assessed with Montreal cognitive Assessment standard methods to evaluate the cognitive domain of the participants. The result reveals substance abusers scored 357 ± 7.0, while 396.0 ± 10.0 was scored by non-substance abusers; indicating that substance abusers show comparatively lower cognitive ability compared to the control youngsters enrolled in this work. The results indicate that the substances been abused by the young people reduce their cognitive ability (a prelude of cognitive domain of the participants of the study) and in turn could inflict their academic performances as well. Thus, it is pertinent to help young ones shun substances through awareness creation, counselling, strict laws, drug education and relations.

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Rohi, *. Kiran Ravindra, Swapnil P. Akhade e Rajesh V. Kachare. "Substance Abuse Among Future Physicians". International Journal of Scientific Research 3, n. 3 (1 giugno 2012): 285–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/march2014/96.

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Arjaria, Vibha, Sushrut Trivedi e Saurabh Purohit. "Substance abuse disorder: a cross-sectional study assessing status in rural economically productive population of field practice area of tertiary care hospital in central India". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, n. 10 (24 settembre 2018): 4303. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183964.

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Background: The epidemic of substance abuse in young generation has assumed alarming dimensions in India. Changing cultural values, increasing economic stress and dwindling supportive bonds are leading to initiation into substance use. Cannabis, heroin, and Indian-produced pharmaceutical drugs are the most frequently abused drugs in India. Economically productive age group is (15-59 yrs) is a vulnerable group for usage of substance abuse leading to an interest of researcher for conducting the study. Present study aims preliminarily on the prevalence of usage of alcohol and other substances of abuse locally available like cannabis and its products, morphine and its products and pharmaceutical drugs of abuse without prescription in rural India. Secondly study aims to estimate the association of substance abuse disorder with various socio-demographic variables.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 430 participants residing in six selected villages of rural field practice area of native tertiary care hospital. Statistical Analysis: Statistical methods which applied are: percentage and proportion, mean and standard deviation, chi-square test.Results: Present study showed almost 11.4% participants had high possibility of getting diagnosed with substance abuse disorder while an association found with age, marital status, gender and occupation of participants.Conclusions: The present study revealed that more than 10% study participants(11.4%) of had the probability of suffering from some kind of substance abuse disorder indicating it’s a public health problem in rural India. Study results opens a door toward less discussed rural population in contexts of substance abuse.

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E., Isinyemeze, e Agbapuonwu N. E. "Patterns of Substance Abuse Among Health Care Professionals in Selected Hospitals in Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria". African Journal of Health, Nursing and Midwifery 7, n. 1 (20 febbraio 2024): 76–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-hy2bther.

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This study sought to assess the patterns of substance abuse among healthcare professionals in selected hospitals in Asaba, Delta State. The work was guided by six research objectives and three hypotheses. Relevant literature was reviewed under the study’s objectives and research questions. Data was acquired using a research questionnaire distributed to 400 healthcare professionals selected from three different hospitals in Asaba. 360 of the respondents properly filled out and returned their questionnaires, which were used for data analysis. Data analysis employed descriptive and inferential statistics. The results, presented in tables, displayed frequencies and percentage distributions. The findings indicated that the majority of respondents (78.1%) believed that alcohol was the most commonly abused substance among healthcare professionals, followed by tobacco (67.5%). The study also found that the reasons healthcare professionals engage in substance abuse include: easy access (62.5%), excessive workloads (56.9%), and stress (51.7%). The results also revealed that age and marital status influenced substance abuse among healthcare professionals, as indicated by 48.1% of respondents. Male healthcare professionals were more likely to abuse substances than their female counterparts, as submitted by 62.5% of respondents. The study also revealed that substance abuse among healthcare professionals significantly impacted their judgment in the hospital, as strongly agreed upon by 51.7% of participants. The hypotheses tested in the study confirmed significant associations between age and substance abuse, gender and substance abuse, as well as marital status and substance abuse among healthcare professionals in hospitals in Asaba, Delta State. Based on the study’s findings, it is recommended that the government organise community awareness programs aimed at educating healthcare professionals and society as a whole about the detrimental effects of substance abuse.

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Pillay, A. L., e M. B. W. van der Veen. "Prevalence of Parental Substance-Abuse among Child Psychiatric Inpatients". Perceptual and Motor Skills 84, n. 3 (giugno 1997): 947–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.84.3.947.

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Of 100 consecutive admissions to an acute child psychiatric facility in South Africa 43 bad at least one substance-abusing parent, while 10 children were from families in which both parents abused substances. 23 children received a diagnosis of depression, but no significant association was found between their diagnoses and parental substance-abuse status.

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Gasa, Hlengiwe P., Sazelo Mkhize, Kemist Shumba, Samuel F. Cinini e Nirmala D. Gopal. "Risk Factors of Substance abuse among University Students: An Exploratory Study". International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 11 (16 marzo 2022): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2022.11.03.

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Substance abuse is a significant problem among tertiary level students, with alcohol/drug use associated with increased prevalence of negative outcomes, including diminished academic performance, social-interpersonal difficulties, and engaging in risky behaviours. To explore risk factors associated with substance abuse among university students, a qualitative approach was adopted. Twenty on-campus residents were selected through purposive sampling. To elicit their views in-depth interviews were used. Data were thematically analysed, and engendered themes were identified. The findings revealed that various kinds of substances are abused by university students, which include codeine, marijuana (weed), and alcohol. Substance abuse is a kind of behaviour that students either learn or do intentionally, despite their foreknowledge of the negative effects and the risk factors such as peer pressure, stress, and depression. The study concludes that university students are aware of the various negative effects of substance abuse, but they mostly justify it as a way of coping with academic pressure.

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Visser, Maretha, e Leigh-Anne Routledge. "Substance Abuse and Psychological Well-being of South African Adolescents". South African Journal of Psychology 37, n. 3 (agosto 2007): 595–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124630703700313.

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This research aimed at identifying patterns of substance abuse among South African adolescents and exploring the relationship between psychological well-being and substance abuse. Psychological well-being was assessed with selected items of the Bar-On EQ-I and Diener's Life Satisfaction scale. Self-reported substance abuse patterns of 1 918 learners between the ages of 12 and 19 from 13 schools in Tshwane were recorded. Schools were selected to represent the population composition of the area. It was found that substance abuse (current alcohol use, excessive alcohol use, and use of illicit drugs) increased with age and that nearly twice as many males as females abused substances. Language group was found to be a determining factor with regard to current and excessive use of alcohol; however, it was not found to influence drug use. An analysis of variance showed that adolescents who used drugs had significantly lower levels of psychological well-being and life satisfaction. The same was not found for excessive use of alcohol. The results can contribute to a better understanding of substance use behaviour and to identifying adolescents who may be at risk of abuse.

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Roberto, Karen A., e Pamela B. Teaster. "ELDER ABUSE AND THE OPIOID CRISIS: PERPETRATORS WHO ARE SUBSTANCE USERS". Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (novembre 2019): S763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2804.

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Abstract Substance abuse, particularly the diversion/abuse of prescription drugs along with illicit opioid deviates by alleged perpetrators has been identified as is a risk factor for elder abuse. The purpose of this study was to characterize cases of elder abuse substantiated by APS in which the perpetrator used opioids and related substances. Guided by the Contextual Theory of Elder Abuse, we conducted a within-case/across-cases thematic analysis of Kentucky APS caseworkers’ notes on 40 substantiated cases of elder abuse. Financial exploitation was the most commonly identified type of abused associated with perpetrators who abuse opioids. Findings revealed that most cases of elder abuse occurred when the perpetrators’ substance abuse intersected with employment status, complex family relationships, and a history of altercations with the law. Findings provide new insights into a more elaborate conception of the ways in which the opioid epidemic is contributing to the perpetration of elder abuse today.

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Ojo, Omorogieva, Xiao-Hua Wang, Osarhumwese Ojo e Jude Ibe. "The Effects of Substance Abuse on Blood Glucose Parameters in Patients with Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, n. 12 (29 novembre 2018): 2691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122691.

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Background: People who abuse substances are at increased risk of metabolic syndrome and diabetes resulting partly from increased cell damage and due to the effects of opioids on glucose homeostasis. Therefore, people with diabetes who abuse substances may carry greater health risks than the general population resulting from their effect on glucose metabolism. These substances may be in the form of cannabis, hallucinogens, opioids, and stimulants. Therefore, the aim of this review was to evaluate the effects of substance abuse on blood glucose parameters in patients with diabetes. Method: Databases including Embase, Psycho-Info, Google Scholar and PubMed were searched systematically for relevant articles from database inception to May 2018. Search terms including medical subject headings (MeSH) based on the Population, Intervention, Comparator and Outcomes (PICO) framework was used to access the databases. Eligible articles were selected based on set inclusion and exclusion criteria. The articles reviewed were evaluated for quality and meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis were carried out using the Review Manager (RevMan 5.3, The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark). The Random effects model was used for the data analysis. Results: Twelve studies which met the inclusion criteria were included in the systematic review, while nine articles were selected for the meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that substance abuse does not have significant effects (p > 0.05) on postprandial blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin in patients with diabetes. With respect to the effect of substance abuse on fasting blood glucose, while this was significant (p < 0.05) following meta-analysis, the results of the sensitivity test did not demonstrate any significant difference (p > 0.05) between patients who abused substances compared with control. This would suggest that the effect of substance abuse on fasting blood glucose in these patients was not very reliable or not consistent. Conclusions: The effect of substance abuse on glycated haemoglobin and postprandial blood glucose in patients with diabetes was not significant. In the meta-analysis, while the value was slightly lower with respect to postprandial blood glucose, this was slightly higher in relation to HbA1c in the substance abuse group compared with control. On the other hand, the effect of substance abuse on fasting blood glucose was significant (p = 0.03) compared with control, but this was attenuated following a sensitivity test. A range of factors including eating habits, characteristics of drugs, erratic lifestyle of patients may explain the outcome of this review. There is the need for randomised controlled trials that will include diet and medication history in order to fully understand the effect of substance abuse on blood glucose parameters in patients with diabetes.

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Shohreh Alavi, S., Ramin Mehrdad e Jalil Makarem. "Prevalence of Substance Abuse/Alcohol Consumption and their Predictors among Patients Admitted in Operating Rooms of a General Educational Hospital, Tehran, Iran". Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care 8, n. 1 (22 dicembre 2016): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/ajprhc/2016/7651.

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Substance/alcohol abuse is an important public health threat in most countries. Social stigmatization and legal restrictions prevent accurate and direct estimate of prevalence of substance/alcohol abuse in Iran. This study aimed to estimate of the prevalence of alcohol and substance use among Iranian patients who were admitted to operating rooms of a general hospital in Tehran and identified risk factors that may predict alcohol and substance use. This cross-sectional study was conducted among all consecutive patients who were admitted to 16 operating rooms in Vali-e-Asr General Educational Hospital (Tehran, Iran) during March 2014 to September 2015. Data were derived from a medical history form prior to operation by trained nurses who were working in the operating rooms. Among 1136 patients admitted to operating rooms, 105 (28.7%) men and 21 (2.7%) women were substance/alcohol users. The main substance of abuse was opium (57.3%) followed by alcohol consumption (25.6%) and water pipe smoking (14.8%). Cigarette smoking was reported by 110 (30.1%) men and 21 (2.7%) women. Sex, cigarette smoking and family history of alcohol and substance abuse predicted 42.3% of the variance in substance abuse/alcohol consumption. Substance use, especially opium, alcohol, water pipe tobacco and cigarette smoking were found to be significantly high particularly among male patients. Being a man, current cigarette smoking and having a first-degree family member who had abused substances should be considered when planning preventive or therapeutic programs.

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Gorman, Mary. "Substance Abuse". American Journal of Nursing 98, n. 7 (luglio 1998): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3471590.

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Macdonald, D. I. "Substance Abuse". Pediatrics in Review 10, n. 3 (1 settembre 1988): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.10-3-89.

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Pires, Marilyn. "Substance Abuse". Nursing Clinics of North America 24, n. 1 (marzo 1989): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0029-6465(22)01480-3.

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Ambrose, Kate. "Substance abuse". Emergency Nurse 15, n. 7 (novembre 2007): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/en.15.7.6.s10.

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Macdonald, Donald Ian. "Substance Abuse". Pediatrics In Review 10, n. 3 (1 settembre 1988): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.10.3.89.

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Following a decade during which drug use by adolescents was viewed by many parents and other adults as a normal phase of development, the 1980s have been marked by growing awareness of the risks and costs of illegal drug use. Yet, despite the many successes of a burgeoning parents' movement, stimulated by the active leadership and support of the President and Mrs Reagan, drug use persists as a significant threat to the health and well-being of American youth. Physicians are in a powerful position to deliver health promotion messages to patients and their parents and have an obligation to do so whenever possible. Messages delivered on a routine basis can be influential in promoting smoking, alcohol, and drug abstinence. These messages should begin early and continue throughout childhood to reinforce and strengthen the development of healthy attitudes and behaviors. The pediatrician must never be reluctant to express his or her own views regarding the health consequences of drug and alcohol use to patients or their parents. Informed pediatricians represent formidable opposition to individuals who argue that "experimental" or "recreational" use of illicit substances during the developmental years is inevitable, normal, or harmless.

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Mansoor, Shehzad Adil, Muhammad Muazzam e Humayun Suqrat Hasan Imam. "SUBSTANCE ABUSE". Professional Medical Journal 21, n. 02 (7 dicembre 2018): 316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2014.21.02.2105.

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Objectives: To study the prevalence of substance abuse among prisoners and itseffects on other inmates. Study design: A cross sectional study. Place and duration of study:Central jail Faisal Abad Pakistan during Jan. 2012 to Feb 2012. Methodology: All the convictedand condemned prisoners were included in the study and those exclusively charged for drugsabuse crimes were excluded. A snow ball convenient sampling technique was adopted. Samplesize was not predetermined. The study population was (1080) male and above the age of 18years. Results: About one hundred and eighty four (184) prisoners were found using differentdrugs. Among them seventy six 76 (41.3%) started using drugs on entering the prison and onehundred and eight 108 (58.7%) were using drugs before coming to prison. The 91(49.5 %)belonged to rural area and 93 (50.5%) belonged to urban areas. The most commonly used drugwas heroin 181(96.7%) and 3(.6%) used different drugs like injections or pills. Conclusions:Substance abuse among prisoners was increasing day by day leading to increased crimes,health issues, and significant economic constrains in every country especially among poornations. Strong political will and public motivation was the need of time to deal with the issue.

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Frim, Landon, e Harrison Fluss. "Substance Abuse". Epoché: A Journal for the History of Philosophy 23, n. 1 (2018): 191–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/epoche201881126.

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This paper will set out in plain language the basic ontology of “Deleuze’s Spinoza”; it will then critically examine whether such a Spinoza has, or indeed could have, ever truly existed. In this, it will be shown that Deleuze’s reading of Spinoza involves the imposition of three interlocking, formal principles. These are (1) Necessitarianism, (2) Immanence, and (3) Univocity. The uncovering of Deleuze’s use of these three principles, how they relate to one another, and what they jointly imply in terms of ontology, will occupy Part 1 of this paper. The critique of these principles from a Spinozist perspective, i.e. that their use by Deleuze is incompatible with Spinoza’s own metaphysics, will occupy Part 2 of this paper.

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Gorman, Mary. "Substance Abuse". American Journal of Nursing 96, n. 9 (settembre 1996): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3464777.

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Gorman, Mary. "Substance Abuse". American Journal of Nursing 96, n. 1 (gennaio 1996): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3464846.

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Gorman, Mary. "Substance Abuse". American Journal of Nursing 96, n. 7 (luglio 1996): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3464908.

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Gorman, Mary. "Substance Abuse". American Journal of Nursing 96, n. 11 (novembre 1996): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3464988.

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Gorman, Mary, e Anthony Rodgers. "Substance Abuse". American Journal of Nursing 96, n. 5 (maggio 1996): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3465014.

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Kearney, Margaret H. "Substance Abuse". American Journal of Nursing 96, n. 3 (marzo 1996): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3465152.

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Gorman, Mary. "Substance Abuse". American Journal of Nursing 97, n. 1 (gennaio 1997): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3465189.

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Gorman, Mary. "Substance Abuse". American Journal of Nursing 97, n. 11 (novembre 1997): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3465247.

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Gorman, Mary. "Substance Abuse". American Journal of Nursing 97, n. 3 (marzo 1997): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3465291.

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Gorman, Mary, e Margaret H. Kearney. "Substance Abuse". American Journal of Nursing 97, n. 9 (settembre 1997): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3465434.

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Gorman, Mary, e Joseph Ianelli. "Substance Abuse". American Journal of Nursing 97, n. 7 (luglio 1997): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3465470.

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Gorman, Mary, e Margaret A. Lynch. "Substance Abuse". American Journal of Nursing 97, n. 5 (maggio 1997): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3465579.

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Patterson, Diana G. "Substance abuse". Current Opinion in Psychiatry 4, n. 1 (febbraio 1991): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001504-199102000-00025.

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&NA;. "Substance abuse". Current Opinion in Psychiatry 4, n. 3 (giugno 1991): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001504-199106000-00021.

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Raper, Jr., James E., e Lynn Kasner Morgan. "Substance Abuse:". Advances in Alcohol & Substance Abuse 8, n. 2 (dicembre 1989): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j251v08n02_09.

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