Bibliografie tematiche / Subjective experiment

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Subjective experiment"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 12 ottobre 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Subjective experiment"

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Höst, Martin, e Claes Wohlin. "A subjective effort estimation experiment". Information and Software Technology 39, n. 11 (1997): 755–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0950-5849(97)00027-x.

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Moran, Mark. "Antipoverty Experiment Boosts Subjective Well-Being". Psychiatric News 47, n. 20 (19 ottobre 2012): 11a—21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/pn.47.20.psychnews_47_20_11-a.

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Wearden, J. H., A. Parry e L. Stamp. "Is Subjective Shortening in Human Memory Unique to Time Representations?" Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section B 55, n. 1b (febbraio 2002): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724990143000108.

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Three experiments compared forgetting of the duration of a bar-like visual stimulus with forgetting of its length. The main aim of the experiments was to investigate whether subjective shortening (a decrease in the subjective magnitude of a stimulus as its retention interval increased) was observable in length judgements as well as in time judgements, where subjective shortening has been often observed previously. On all trials of the three experiments, humans received two briefly presented coloured bars, separated by adelay ranging from 1 to 10 s, and the bars could differ in length, duration of presentation, or both. In Experiment 1 two groups of subjects made either length or duration judgements, and subjective shortening-type forgetting functions were observed only for duration. Experiments 2 and 3 used the same general procedure, but the stimuli judged could differ both in length and duration within a trial, and different subject groups (Experiment 2) or the same subjects in two conditions (Experiment 3) made either length or duration judgements of stimuli, which were on average physically identical. Subjective shortening was only found with duration, and never with length, supporting the view that subjective shortening may be unique to time judgements.
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Kavšek, Michael, e Stephanie Braun. "Infants Perceive Three-Dimensional Subjective Contours". Perception 47, n. 12 (14 novembre 2018): 1153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006618811051.

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The addition of crossed horizontal disparity enhances the clarity of illusory contours compared to pictorial illusory contours and illusory contours with uncrossed horizontal disparity. Two infant-controlled habituation–dishabituation experiments explored the presence of this effect in infants 5 months of age. Experiment 1 examined whether infants are able to distinguish between a Kanizsa figure with crossed horizontal disparity and a Kanizsa figure with uncrossed horizontal disparity. Experiment 2 tested infants for their ability to differentiate between a Kanizsa figure with crossed horizontal disparity and a two-dimensional Kanizsa figure. The results provided evidence that the participants perceived the two- and the three-dimensional illusory Kanizsa contour, the illusory effect in which was strengthened by the addition of crossed horizontal disparity.
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Hirakawa, Susumu, Hayato Sato, Manabu Chikai, Atsuo Hiramitsu, Hiroshi Sato, Jeffrey Mahn, Markus Mueller-Trapet e Iara Batista da Cunha. "Subjective studies on floor impact sound using headphone". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 265, n. 4 (1 febbraio 2023): 3303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2022_0467.

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Due to the pandemic situation, it become complex to conduct subjective experiments in the anechoic chamber as a result of the lockdown. For this situation the procedure for the subjective experiments without accessing to the anechoic chamber needs to be considered for an alternative approach. The previous study has shown that there are good correlation between the laboratory and online listening test on impact sounds in residential buildings using ambisonic microphone recording with headphone. Hence, further subjective experiments were carried out with monaural and binaural microphone recordings in an experimental buildings in Japan. The subjective experiment using a headphone in anechoic chamber was held in AIST, Japan. The 3 different floor types, 2 different types of microphones (mono and binaural), at 12 different combinations of impact sources, excitation positions and microphone positions were tested. This study also provided some evidence, and suggested there are potential of the online/remote subjective experiment using headphone.
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Repp, Bruno H. "Metrical Subdivision Results in Subjective Slowing of the Beat". Music Perception 26, n. 1 (1 settembre 2008): 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2008.26.1.19.

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FOUR EXPERIMENTS INVESTIGATED whether metrical subdivision affects perceived beat tempo. In Experiment 1, musically trained participants tapped in synchrony with the beat of an isochronous pacing sequence and continued tapping the beat after the sequence stopped. Continuation tapping was slower when the pacing beat was subdivided than when it was not. Experiment 2 found the same effect when the subdivisions during synchronization were self-generated. The effect was neutralized, however, when subdivisions were tapped during continuation. In Experiment 3, an effect of subdivision was found in a purely perceptual tempo judgment task. Experiment 4 tested musicians and nonmusicians in matched perception and reproduction tasks. Musicians showed the expected effect of subdivision in both tasks, whereas nonmusicians showed a larger effect in reproduction but a smaller effect in perception. Overall, the findings suggest that subdivided inter-beat intervals are subjectively longer than empty intervals, in agreement with the "filled duration illusion" in psychophysics.
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AOI, Ryuji, Shunsuke SATOU, Hiroaki HABUKA e Naoto KAKUTA. "Prediction model of glucose concentration and subjective experiment". Proceedings of Conference of Kanto Branch 2021.27 (2021): 11C06. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekanto.2021.27.11c06.

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Flores, Benito E., e Edna M. White. "Subjective versus objective combining of forecasts: An experiment". Journal of Forecasting 8, n. 3 (luglio 1989): 331–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/for.3980080314.

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Lai, Jerry, Fiona Fidler e Geoff Cumming. "Subjective p Intervals". Methodology 8, n. 2 (1 agosto 2012): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-2241/a000037.

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Abstract (sommario):
Suppose you obtain p = .02 in an experiment, then replicate the experiment with new samples. What p value might you obtain, and what interval has an 80% chance of including that replication p? Under conservative assumptions the answer is, perhaps surprisingly (.0003, .30). The authors report three email surveys that asked authors of articles published in leading journals in psychology, medicine, or statistics to estimate such intervals. Overall response rate (7%) was low, but responses from 360 researchers gave intervals with an average 40% to 50% chance of including replication p, rather than the target 80%. Results were similar for all three disciplines. Respondents generally found the task unfamiliar and difficult. There was great variability over respondents, but almost all of them gave intervals that were too short. This widespread, and often severe, underestimation of the variability of p may help to explain why researchers place too much interpretive weight on single p values.
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Rezaee Vessal, Saeedeh, e Judith Partouche-Sebban. "The effect of mortality salience on status consumption among elderly individuals: the moderating role of chronological age and subjective age". Journal of Organizational Change Management 35, n. 1 (13 dicembre 2021): 209–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-12-2019-0392.

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Abstract (sommario):
PurposeOver the past two decades, a large body of research has examined the effect of the awareness of the inevitability of death on consumption behaviours. However, the literature has shed little light on the effect of mortality salience (MS) on elderly individuals. The present research specifically aims to challenge the effect of MS on status consumption among elderly individuals.Design/methodology/approachTwo experiments were conducted among individuals over 50. The experiments manipulated MS to test its effect on status consumption.FindingsThe results demonstrate that MS positively influences the preference for status products among elderly individuals (experiment 1) and that this effect is less pronounced as elderly individuals age (experiment 2). Subjective age bias, defined as the potential gap between chronological age and subjective age, negatively moderates this effect (experiment 2).Practical implicationsLuxury marketers need to pay attention to generational cohorts rather than other demographic variables in the segmentation of their market. Moreover, subjective age may be a better segmentation variable for marketers than objective variables such as chronological age.Originality/valueThis research provides insights that support a better understanding of status consumption among elderly individuals and the role of subjective ageing in this process.
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Tesi sul tema "Subjective experiment"

1

Lopera, Maria Adelaida. "Elicitation of subjective expectations : an application to a public good experiment". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/25963/25963.pdf.

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Zhang, Zhengyu. "Quality Assessment of Light Field Images". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes, INSA, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ISAR0002.

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Les images de champs de lumière (LFI) suscitent un intérêt et une fascination remarquables en raison de leur importance croissante dans les applications immersives. Étant donné que les LFI peuvent être déformés à différentes étapes, de l'acquisition à la visualisation, l'évaluation de la qualité des images de champs de lumière (LFIQA) est d'une importance vitale pour surveiller les dégradations potentielles de la qualité des LFI.La première contribution (Chapitre 3) de ce travail se concentre sur le développement de deux métriques LFIQA sans référence (NR) fondées sur des caractéristiques ad-hoc, dans lesquelles les informations de texture et les coefficients ondelettes sont exploités pour l'évaluation de la qualité.Puis dans la deuxième partie (Chapitre 4), nous explorons le potentiel de la technologie de l’apprentissage profond (deep learning) pour l'évaluation de la qualité des LFI, et nous proposons quatre métriques LFIQA basées sur l’apprentissage profond, dont trois métriques sans référence (NR) et une métrique Full-Reference (FR).Dans la dernière partie (Chapitre 5), nous menons des évaluations subjectives et proposons une nouvelle base de données normalisée pour la LFIQA. De plus, nous fournissons une étude comparative (benchmark) de nombreuses métriques objectives LFIQA de l’état de l’art, sur la base de données proposée
Light Field Image (LFI) has garnered remarkable interest and fascination due to its burgeoning significance in immersive applications. Since LFIs may be distorted at various stages from acquisition to visualization, Light Field Image Quality Assessment (LFIQA) is vitally important to monitor the potential impairments of LFI quality. The first contribution (Chapter 3) of this work focuses on developing two handcrafted feature-based No-Reference (NR) LFIQA metrics, in which texture information and wavelet information are exploited for quality evaluation. Then in the second part (Chapter 4), we explore the potential of combining deep learning technology with the quality assessment of LFIs, and propose four deep learning-based LFIQA metrics according to different LFI characteristics, including three NR metrics and one Full-Reference (FR) metric. In the last part (Chapter 5), we conduct subjective experiments and propose a novel standard LFIQA database. Moreover, a benchmark of numerous state-of-the-art objective LFIQA metrics on the proposed database is provided
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Cerroni, Simone. "Subjective Probabilities in Choice Experiments' Design: Three Essays". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368095.

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This dissertation which consists of three essays investigates the influence of subjective probabilities on decision making processes under conditions of risk. In particular, it examines whether subjects adjust new risk information on their prior subjective estimates, and, to what extent this adjustment affects their choices. In the first essay, by using an artefactual field experiment, I examine the potential correlation between incentive compatibility and validity of subjective probabilities elicited via the Exchangeability Method, an innovative elicitation mechanism which consists of several chained questions. Here, validity is investigated using de Finetti’s notion of coherence under which subjective probabilities are coherent if and only if they obey all axioms and theorems of probability theory. Experimental results suggest that subjects provided with monetary incentives and randomized questions more likely express valid subjective probabilities than others because they are not aware of the chaining which undermines the incentive compatibility of the Exchangeability Method. In the second essay, by using the same experimental data, I show that valid subjective probabilities do not significantly diverge from invalid ones, indicative of little effect of internal validity on the actual magnitude of subjective probabilities. In the third essay, by using a field Choice Experiment, I investigate to what extent subjects adjust risk information given in the status quo alternative on their subjective probability estimates. An innovative two-stage approach that incorporates subjective probabilities into Choice Experiments’ design is developed to investigate this phenomenon, known as the scenario adjustment. In the first stage, subjective probabilities that given outcomes will occur are elicited using the Exchangeability Method. In the second stage, two treatment groups are designed: in the first group, each subject is presented with a status quo alternative which incorporates her/his subjective probabilities, and, hence, no adjustment is required; in the second group, each subject faces a status quo alternative where the presented risk is not consistent with her/his probability estimates, and, hence, a mental adjustment to the scenario might take place. By comparing willingness to pay across the treatment groups, my results suggest that, when subjects are provided with SQ alternatives in which the risk is lower than the perceived one, the mental adjustment takes place, but, when subjects are provided with SQ alternatives in which the risk is higher than their own estimates, these subjects appear to make irrational choices.
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Cerroni, Simone. "Subjective Probabilities in Choice Experiments' Design: Three Essays". Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2013. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/871/1/Dissertation_Cerroni.pdf.

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Abstract (sommario):
This dissertation which consists of three essays investigates the influence of subjective probabilities on decision making processes under conditions of risk. In particular, it examines whether subjects adjust new risk information on their prior subjective estimates, and, to what extent this adjustment affects their choices. In the first essay, by using an artefactual field experiment, I examine the potential correlation between incentive compatibility and validity of subjective probabilities elicited via the Exchangeability Method, an innovative elicitation mechanism which consists of several chained questions. Here, validity is investigated using de Finetti’s notion of coherence under which subjective probabilities are coherent if and only if they obey all axioms and theorems of probability theory. Experimental results suggest that subjects provided with monetary incentives and randomized questions more likely express valid subjective probabilities than others because they are not aware of the chaining which undermines the incentive compatibility of the Exchangeability Method. In the second essay, by using the same experimental data, I show that valid subjective probabilities do not significantly diverge from invalid ones, indicative of little effect of internal validity on the actual magnitude of subjective probabilities. In the third essay, by using a field Choice Experiment, I investigate to what extent subjects adjust risk information given in the status quo alternative on their subjective probability estimates. An innovative two-stage approach that incorporates subjective probabilities into Choice Experiments’ design is developed to investigate this phenomenon, known as the scenario adjustment. In the first stage, subjective probabilities that given outcomes will occur are elicited using the Exchangeability Method. In the second stage, two treatment groups are designed: in the first group, each subject is presented with a status quo alternative which incorporates her/his subjective probabilities, and, hence, no adjustment is required; in the second group, each subject faces a status quo alternative where the presented risk is not consistent with her/his probability estimates, and, hence, a mental adjustment to the scenario might take place. By comparing willingness to pay across the treatment groups, my results suggest that, when subjects are provided with SQ alternatives in which the risk is lower than the perceived one, the mental adjustment takes place, but, when subjects are provided with SQ alternatives in which the risk is higher than their own estimates, these subjects appear to make irrational choices.
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Torkhani, Fakhri. "Analyse subjective et évaluation objective de la qualité perceptuelle des maillages 3D". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT051/document.

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Les maillages 3D polygonaux sont largement utilisés dans diverses applications telles que le divertissement numérique, la conception assistée par ordinateur et l'imagerie médicale. Un maillage peut être soumis à différents types d'opérations comme la compression, le tatouage ou la simplification qui introduisent des distorsions géométriques (modifications) à la version originale. Il est important de quantifier ces modification introduites au maillage d'origine et d'évaluer la qualité perceptuelle des maillages dégradés. Dans ce cadre, on s'intéresse dans cette thèse à l'évaluation de la qualité perceptuelle des maillages 3D statiques et dynamiques. On présente des études expérimentales pour l'évaluation subjective de la qualité des maillages 3D dynamiques.On présente également de nouvelles métriques objectives, de type avec-référence complète ou de type avec référence-réduite, qui sont efficaces pour l'estimation de la qualité perçue des maillages statiques et dynamiques
3D mesh animations have been increasingly used in various applications, e.g., in digital entertainment, computer-aided design and medical imaging. It is possible that a mesh model undergoes some lossy operations, e.g., compression, watermarking or simplification, which can impair the original mesh surface and introduce geometric distortions. An important task is to quantify such distortions and assess the perceptual quality of impaired meshes. In this manuscript, we focus on the perceptual quality assessment of 3D static and dynamic meshes. We present psychometric experiments that we conducted to measure the subjective perceptual quality of dynamic meshes. We also present new full-reference and reduced-reference objective metrics capable of faithfully evaluating the perceptual quality of 3D static and dynamic meshes
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Reina, Livia. "From Subjective Expected Utility Theory to Bounded Rationality". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1140624885934-50567.

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As mentioned in the introduction, the objective of this work has been to get a more realistic understanding of economic decision making processes by adopting an interdisciplinary approach which takes into consideration at the same time economic and psychological issues. The research in particular has been focused on the psychological concept of categorization, which in the standard economic theory has received until now no attention, and on its implications for decision making. The three experimental studies conducted in this work provide empirical evidence that individuals don not behave according to the perfect rationality and maximization assumptions which underly the SEUT, but rather as bounded rational satisfiers who try to simplify the decision problems they face through the process of categorization. The results of the first experimental study, on bilateral integrative negotiation, show that most of the people categorize a continuum of outcomes in two categories (satisfying/not satisfying), and treat all the options within each category as equivalent. This process of categorization leads the negotiators to make suboptimal agreements and to what I call the ?Zone of Agreement Bias? (ZAB). The experimental study on committees? decision making with logrolling provides evidence of how the categorization of outcomes in satisfying/not satisfying can affect the process of coalition formation in multi-issue decisions. In the first experiment, involving 3-issues and 3-parties decisions under majority rule, the categorization of outcomes leads most of the individuals to form suboptimal coalitions and make Pareto-dominated agreements. The second experiment, aimed at comparing the suboptimizing effect of categorization under majority and unanimity rule, shows that the unanimity rule can lead to a much higher rate of optimal agreements than the majority rule. The third experiment, involving 4-issues and 4-parties decisions provides evidence that the results of experiments 1 and 2 hold even when the level of complexity of the decision problem increases.
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Weidenbacher, Hollis Jean. "Subjective contours in the absence of local spatial and temporal correlation". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186420.

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Subjective contours provide an opportunity to explore the limits of correspondence matching in motion. A new class of subjective contour which is a by-product of motion processing is examined within the context of the dual process models of retinal motion processing proposed by Braddick (1980) and Anstis (1980), as well as the more recent first-order/second-order formulation proposed by Cavanagh and Mather (1989). These kinetically induced figures are created by displacing a surface defined by dots which change randomly from frame to frame over a static random dot background. Despite the fact that local form information is uncorrelated throughout the motion sequence, the resulting phenomenal percept is that of a "sparkling" surface which translates across the background. The results of five experiments were not, however, fully consistent with predictions based on either model. An extension of the criteria necessary for the long-range system to be operative would accommodate the data within the context of the short-range/long-range model, whereas a more detailed definition of the properties and relationships between second-order attributes would accommodate the data within the framework of the first-order/second-order model.
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Posnock, Samuel Joseph. "Individual and contextual determinants of subjective cognitive fatigue". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47693.

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Cognitive fatigue refers to the decline in mental efficiency and accompanying feelings of strain and weariness that occur over time-on-task. This study extends previous research on the determinants of cognitive fatigue by evaluating the independent and joint effects of individual differences in extraversion and performance context (individual vs. team) on reports of fatigue. Using a within-subjects counterbalanced design, 92 undergraduate participants performed a three-hour series of problem-solving tasks alone and as part of a four-person team. Results indicated main effects for context, such that all participants report greater fatigue in the solitary performance context compared to the team context. Extraversion was also negatively related to fatigue across time-on-task. However, no extraversion X context interaction was observed. I conclude that task engagement provides a specific source of variance in fatigue-reduction, and suggest that extraverts benefit more from task-related arousal or state positive affect.
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Saxon, Lars. "Placebo, alcohol and flumazenil provocations : subjective and objective registrations in psychopharmacological experiments /". Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-077-0/.

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Falco, Paolo. "Occupational choices and their outcomes in African labour markets". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5df582c5-99f1-4987-b88c-db66829eb49d.

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This thesis is an investigation into the microeconomic mechanisms that govern some of the occupational choices faced by workers in Sub-Saharan Africa, and into the monetary and non-monetary returns to their decisions. Chapter 1 begins by exploring the decision process that leads workers to allocate themselves to different occupations within the economy. In particular, I investigate the role of risk-aversion in the allocation of workers between formal and informal jobs in Ghana, hence attempting to explain a fundamental dimension of duality through an investigation into workers' preferences. In my model of sectoral allocation risk-averse workers can opt between entering the free-entry informal sector and queuing for formal occupations. Conditional on identifying the riskier option, the model yields testable implications on the relationship between risk-aversion and workers' allocation. My testing strategy proceeds in two steps. First, using the first three waves of the Ghana Household Urban Panel Survey (GHUPS) dataset, I estimate expected income uncertainty and find it considerably higher in the informal sector than in formal employment. Second, using experimental data to elicit risk-attitudes I estimate the effect of risk-aversion on occupational choices and I find that, in line with the first result, more risk-averse workers are more likely to queue for formal jobs and less likely to be in the informal sector. The conclusion of the first chapter is that attitudes to risk should feature more prominently in models of sector allocation and in the design of labour market policies, in particular when those policies aim to impact workers' vulnerability to risk and uncertainty. Chapter 2 focuses on the largest occupational category in the Developing world, self-employed workers with small productive activities, and it tries to estimate the returns to different productive assets, namely physical capital, labour and human capital. These are the workers that form most of the informal sector analysed in chapter 1, which allows me to draw a direct link with the analysis so far. The chapter begins by specifying a model for the income-generating process grounded in the literature on firms' production and hence abridging the gap between the analysis of individual earnings and the study of firms' value added. Identification in the empirics is achieved by means of panel estimators that are suitable to address the endogeneity of input choices, which derives from both time-varying and time-invariant unobservable heterogeneity. The use of these estimators is made feasible by the length of the Ghanaian Household Urban Panel Survey dataset at CSAE. I also explore issues of endogeneity in the selection of different technologies, defined by their relative capital and labour intensity. Finally, I analyse the shape of returns to capital, with the aim to detect potential non-convexities in technology. The results show that capital and work-experience play the strongest role in income-generation, while the shares of value added attributed to labour and to formal schooling are low. Marginal returns to investment are high at low capital levels and they decrease very rapidly, pointing against the existence of non-convexities due to minimum scale requirements, but implying that real income gains resulting form micro-investment are modest. Chapter 3 returns to the issue of earnings uncertainty and risk-aversion explored in Chapter 1, but it now takes the allocation choice as given and explores the direct welfare implications of income uncertainty for worker's well-being. Namely, the chapter explores the relationship between income and welfare, with a particular attention on the link between income vulnerability and happiness. Using unique longitudinal data on life-satisfaction and labour market outcomes, I estimate an individual measure of vulnerability (defined as the probability of falling below a low-income threshold) and investigate its effect on well-being. After controlling for unobservable individual fixed effects, work-satisfaction, relative income and other relevant worker characteristics, I find a sizable impact of vulnerability, over and above the income effect. When I explore the mechanisms behind my results, I find that aspiration adaptation to current income may result in a transitory income effect. Moreover, using my direct measure of attitudes to risk from field-experiments (already used in chapter 1), I can test directly the hypothesis that more risk-averse agents suffer more heavily from a given increase in income vulnerability. Overall, my findings support policy interventions that aim to reduce vulnerability, as I expect such policies to have a 'direct' impact on agents' happiness given the prevailing attitudes to risk and uncertainty in the population. Finally, from the point of view of overall social welfare, my results suggest that non-Rawlsian growth models, whereby 'someone may be left behind', may fail to enhance general welfare, for high enough levels of risk-aversion in the population, if the risk of falling behind is sufficiently widespread.
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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Subjective experiment"

1

Carr, Peter C. Analysis procedures and subjective flights results of a simulator validation and cue fidelity experiment. Edwards, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, Dryden Flight Research Facility, 1988.

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2

Hariri, Jacob Gerner, Christian Bjørnskov e Mogens K. Justesen. Economic Shocks and Subjective Well-Being: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment. The World Bank, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-7209.

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Hariri, Jacob Gerner, Christian Bjørnskov e Mogens K. Justesen. Economic Shocks and Subjective Well-Being: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the World Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/27692.

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National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Staff. Analysis Procedures and Subjective Flight Results of a Simulator Validation and Cue Fidelity Experiment. Independently Published, 2018.

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Fox-Cardamone, D. Lee. The experimental precursors of anti-nuclear activism: Attitudes, subjective norms and efficacy. 1990.

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6

Dalle Vacche, Angela. André Bazin's Film Theory. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190067298.001.0001.

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The best way to understand Bazin’s film theory is to pay attention to art, science, and religion, since spectatorship depends on perception, cognition, and hallucination. By arguing that this dissident Catholic’s worldview is anti-anthropocentric, Angela Dalle Vacche concludes that cinema recapitulates the history of evolution and technology inside our consciousness, so that we may better understand how we overlap with, but also differ from, animals, plants, objects, and machines. Whereas in “Art,” the author explains the difference between painting as a static object and the moving image as an event unfolding in time, in “Science,” she discusses Bazin’s dislike of classical geometry and Platonic algebra, his fascination with biology and modern calculus to underline his holistic Darwinism, and his anti-Euclidean mathematics of motion and contingency. Comparable to a religious practice, Bazin’s cinema is the only collective ritual of the twentieth century capable of fostering an emotional community by calling on critical self-interrogation and ethical awareness. Especially keen on Italian neorealism, Bazin argues that this sensibility thrives on beings and things displacing themselves in such a way as to turn the Other into a Neighbor. Bazin’s film theory acknowledges the equalizing impact of the camera lens, which is analogous to, but also different from, the human eye. In the cinema, two different kinds of eyes coexist: one is mechanical and objective, the other is human and subjective. By refusing to reshape the world according to an a priori thesis, Bazin’s idea of an anti-anthropocentric cinema seeks surprise, dialogue, risk, and experiment.
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Great Britain Royal Commission on Vivis. Report of the Royal Commission on the Practice of Subjecting Live Animals to Experiments for Scientific Purposes. Franklin Classics Trade Press, 2018.

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Report of the Royal Commission On the Practice of Subjecting Live Animals to Experiments for Scientific Purposes. Franklin Classics, 2018.

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Great Britain Royal Commission on Vivis. Report of the Royal Commission on the Practice of Subjecting Live Animals to Experiments for Scientific Purposes. Franklin Classics Trade Press, 2018.

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Great Britain Royal Commission on Vivis. Report of the Royal Commission on the Practice of Subjecting Live Animals to Experiments for Scientific Purposes. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Subjective experiment"

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Nakamaru, Mayuko. "Tanomoshi-ko Field Study and Subjective Experiment". In Theoretical Biology, 121–57. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4979-1_5.

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Tutić, Andreas, e Ulf Liebe. "Opposing Effects of Objective and Subjective Social Status on Prosociality: Theory and Quasi-Experiment". In Rationality in Social Science, 221–44. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33536-6_11.

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Califano, Rosaria, Iolanda Fiorillo, Giovanni Baglivo, Claudia Chirico, Antonietta Dello Russo, Jose Garro, Michele Leo, Conrado Pacheco, Gianluca Vitolo e Alessandro Naddeo. "Comfort Driven Redesign: The Case of Library Chairs". In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 155–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70566-4_25.

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AbstractUniversity students spend most of their time in a sitting position. Prolonged sitting on ill-fitted furniture and the resulting lousy posture is making students having different musculoskeletal disorders and is strictly related to students learning outcomes. This study aims to improve postural comfort of chairs placed inside the Science & Technology Library at the University of Salerno. A previous study about these library chairs showed that the lumbar area was the most suffering part while perceived (dis)comfort was dependent on time. Based on this, an ergonomic redesign and, consequently, manufacturing of the chair has been done. A perceived-comfort comparison between the library chair and the redesigned one has been performed. A statistical sample of 28 healthy students performed a 20-min experiment two times, alternatively on the library chair and the redesigned one. The 20-min experiment was divided into two 10-min tasks (“Reading & Writing” and “Laptop use”) to simulate a study day. The participants’ postures were acquired non-invasively using cameras and processed by Kinovea; questionnaires were used to rate the perceived subjective (dis)comfort. A procedure for improving an existing product through a comfort-driven redesign is proposed. Results showed the redesigned library chair lead on increasing postural comfort (particularly in the lumbar area) thanks to the new design and modifications.
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Song, Yiwen, Delai Men e Zhiyang Xie. "Research on Health Science Popularization Information Design for the New-Elderly Based on Subjective Evaluation Method of Cognitive Load Experiment". In HCI International 2024 Posters, 224–35. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61947-2_25.

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Wolff, Florian Cornelis. "Experimental test of subjective valuations". In Employee Stock Option Compensation, 195–215. Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitätsverlag, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-81849-2_6.

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Ben-Zion, Uri, Joseph Yagil e Alon Granot. "An Experimental Investigation of Subjective Discount Rates". In Operational Research and the Social Sciences, 553–58. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0789-1_83.

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Xie, Bosun. "Psychoacoustic and subjective assessment experiments on spatial sound". In Spatial Sound, 691–710. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003081500-15.

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Schlundt, Carolyn E., e James J. Finneran. "Direct Measurements of Subjective Loudness in a Bottlenose Dolphin". In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 33–36. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7311-5_6.

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Slăvescu, Radu Răzvan, e Kinga Cristina Slăvescu. "Preliminary Experiments on Using Subjective Logic for Reasoning on Diagnosis". In International Conference on Advancements of Medicine and Health Care through Technology; 5th – 7th June 2014, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, 37–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07653-9_8.

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Herrick, Robert S. "A Subjective Approach to the Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome". In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 571–76. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2417-5_97.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Subjective experiment"

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Miletovic, I., M. Wentink, D. Pool, O. Stroosma, M. Pavel, M. Wentink e M. Mulder. "The Use of Pilot Ratings in Rotorcraft Flight Simulation Fidelity Assessment". In Vertical Flight Society 73rd Annual Forum & Technology Display, 1–14. The Vertical Flight Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0073-2017-12107.

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The fidelity of a rotorcraft flight simulator is influenced by many factors, such as the vehicle dynamic model and the motion cueing algorithm (MCA). To quantify the fidelity of a simulator objectively requires detailed knowledge of human pilot perception and control behaviour that is not yet available. As a consequence, subjective assessments made by qualified pilots remain the most important way to assess flight simulation fidelity. The use of standardized rating scales during such assessments can increase the level of objectivity above that provided by less structured evaluations. The current paper describes the result of an experiment performed on the Desdemona simulator to evaluate two rating scales, namely the Simulator Fidelity Rating (SFR) scale and the Motion Fidelity Rating (MFR) scale, as suitable indicators of flight simulation fidelity. In this experiment, two characteristics of the simulated environment were varied, namely rotorcraft dynamics and MCA configuration, and the type of rating scale used was treated as an additional independent variable. The primary results of the experiments suggest that pilots are able to recognize a strong decline in flight simulation fidelity when both rotorcraft dynamics and motion are degraded simultaneously. However, when either one of these characteristics are varied independently of the other, the results are inconclusive. The paper presents a more detailed review of the various results gathered during the experiment and formulates recommendations for future experiments in rotorcraft flight simulation fidelity assessment that involve the use of pilot ratings.
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Fan, Songlin, e Wei Gao. "Screen-based 3D Subjective Experiment Software". In MM '23: The 31st ACM International Conference on Multimedia. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3581783.3613457.

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Benhabiles, Halim, Guillaume Lavoue, Jean-Philippe Vandeborre e Mohamed Daoudi. "A subjective experiment for 3D-mesh segmentation evaluation". In 2010 IEEE 12th International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmsp.2010.5662046.

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Sodanil, Maleerat, e Hathairat Ketmaneechairat. "Information retrieval experiment on subjective words query expansion". In 2013 International Conference of Information and Communication Technology (ICoICT). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icoict.2013.6574566.

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Nawala, Jakub, Lucjan Janowski, Bogdan Cmiel e Krzysztof Rusek. "Describing Subjective Experiment Consistency by p-Value P--P Plot". In MM '20: The 28th ACM International Conference on Multimedia. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3394171.3413749.

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Bierman, Dick J. "Empirical Research on the Radical Subjective Solution of the Measurement Problem. Does Time get its Direction through Conscious Observation?" In FRONTIERS OF TIME: Retrocausation - Experiment and Theory. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2388757.

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Shirahama, Naruki, Kaito Murakami, Satoshi Watanabe, Naofumi Nakaya e Yukio Mori. "Subjective Evaluation Experiment of Grayscale Color to Examine VAS Measurement Method". In The 7th International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Image Processing 2019. The Institute of Industrial Application Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12792/icisip2019.027.

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Kominami, Daichi, Sayaka Nishide, Satoshi Nishimura, Tatsuya Otoshi, Masaaki Kurozumi, Daiki Fukudome, Masao Yamamoto e Masayuki Murata. "Choice-supportive bias affects video viewing experience: Subjective experiment and evaluation". In 2022 IEEE/ACM 30th International Symposium on Quality of Service (IWQoS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwqos54832.2022.9812922.

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Locoro, Angela, Silvia Corchs, Paolo Buono e Paolo Bruscagin. "Bridging Objective and Subjective Evaluations in Data Visualization: a Crossover Experiment". In CHItaly 2023: 15th Biannual Conference of the Italian SIGCHI Chapter. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3605390.3605408.

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Wei, Zhao, Wu Yin, Jin Cong, Zhang Qin e Wang Hui. "Comparative study of DMS and conventional stereo based on subjective evaluation experiment". In 2013 Fourth International Conference on Intelligent Control and Information Processing (ICICIP). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicip.2013.6568074.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Subjective experiment"

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Martinez, Kimberly D., e Gaojian Huang. Exploring the Effects of Meaningful Tactile Display on Perception and Preference in Automated Vehicles. Mineta Transportation Institute, ottobre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2164.

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There is an existing issue in human-machine interaction, such that drivers of semi-autonomous vehicles are still required to take over control of the vehicle during system limitations. A possible solution may lie in tactile displays, which can present status, direction, and position information while avoiding sensory (e.g., visual and auditory) channels overload to reliably help drivers make timely decisions and execute actions to successfully take over. However, limited work has investigated the effects of meaningful tactile signals on takeover performance. This study synthesizes literature investigating the effects of tactile displays on takeover performance in automated vehicles and conducts a human-subject study to design and test the effects of six meaningful tactile signal types and two pattern durations on drivers’ perception and performance during automated driving. The research team performed a literature review of 18 articles that conducted human-subjects experiments on takeover performance utilizing tactile displays as takeover requests. Takeover performance in these studies were highlighted, such as response times, workload, and accuracy. The team then conducted a human-subject experiment, which included 16 participants that used a driving simulator to present 30 meaningful vibrotactile signals, randomly across four driving sessions measuring for reaction times (RTs), interpretation accuracy, and subjective ratings. Results from the literature suggest that tactile displays can present meaningful vibrotactile patterns via various in-vehicle locations to help improve drivers’ performance during the takeover and can be used to assist in the design of human-machine interfaces (HMI) for automated vehicles. The experiment yielded results illustrating higher urgency patterns were associated with shorter RTs and higher intuitive ratings. Also, pedestrian status and headway reduction signals presented shorter RTs and increased confidence ratings compared to other tactile signal types. Finally, the signal types that yielded the highest accuracy were the surrounding vehicle and navigation signal types. Implications of these findings may lie in informing the design of next-generation in-vehicle HMIs and future human factors studies on human-automation interactions.
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Chong, Alberto E., Hugo R. Ñopo e Juan Camilo Cárdenas. Stated Social Behavior and Revealed Actions: Evidence from 6 Latin American Countries Using Representative Samples. Inter-American Development Bank, maggio 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010889.

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This paper explores the link between what people say they prefer to do and what they actually do. Using data from an experimental project exploring trust and pro-sociality for representative samples of individuals in six Latin American capital cities, the paper links the results of these experiments with the responses obtained from representative surveys to the same participating individuals. Individuals with higher agreement with a set of pro-social statements are those more willing to contribute and collaborate to the social welfare in the community, and what people say is linked to what people do. This supports the idea that the inclusion of subjective controls in the lefthand- side in an empirical specification does carry useful information.
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Castro, Lucio, e Carlos Scartascini. The Devil is in the Details: Policy Design Lessons from Field Experiments in the Pampas. Inter-American Development Bank, ottobre 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008509.

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There is growing evidence that individual responses to public policies are, to a large extent, mediated by the way the policies are framed, by people's cognitive and computational capabilities, and by people's subjective beliefs. For example, people may react to price changes but not to complicated schemes that rely on people's computational abilities. Similarly, people may react better to simple information such as a picture than to a very detailed analysis of benefits and costs. Henceforth, even very well-intentioned policies may not have the desired impact if they do not take into account people's capabilities and beliefs. This policy paper draws lessons that should help policymakers design more effective public policies by reviewing the evidence coming from recent field experiments and quasiexperiments sponsored by the Inter-American Development Bank.
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Olsen. L51740 Evaluation of the Structural Integrity of Cold Field-Bent Pipe. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), maggio 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010361.

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During recent pipeline construction seasons, there have been reported difficulties in cold field bending different joints of line pipe produced by the same manufacturer during a particular production run. These difficulties were typically manifested as an inability to achieve bends of one to one-and-a-half degrees per diameter in the pipe without forming ripples. Some of these problems could be traced to poor bending practices, i.e., inappropriate bending machine set-up and operator inexperience. However, it was observed that even with proper machine set-up and experienced operators, some "bad pipe" exists that could not be bent as far as desired without introducing ripples. The objective of this program was to develop an acceptance criterion for an allowable ripple in a gas-transmission pipeline as a result of a cold field bend. Previous acceptance or rejection criteria for ripples in cold field bent pipe were quite subjective. The purpose of this study was to define quantitative limits for acceptable ripple heights that will not compromise the integrity of the pipe during its expected life. In a program discussed at the 9th PRCI/EPRG meeting, the work performed during a joint Australian Pipeline Industry Association/Line Pipe Research Supervisory Committee effort on the mechanics of cold field bending was presented. Based on theoretical and experimental studies, it was found that modern, high-strength, high D/t pipe forms ripples at very low bend angles during cold field bending. Although there was some circumstantial evidence that some amount of rippling can be tolerated in a pipe, there had been no systematic effort to quantify the influence that the ripples have on the long-term integrity of pipe.
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Ghanipoor Machiani, Sahar, Aryan Sohrabi e Arash Jahangiri. Impact of Regular and Narrow AV-Exclusive Lanes on Manual Driver Behavior. Mineta Transportation Institute, ottobre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1922.

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This study attempts to answer the question of how a narrow (9-ft) lane dedicated to Automated Vehicles (AVs) would affect the behavior of drivers in the adjacent lane to the right. To this end, a custom driving simulator environment was designed mimicking the Interstate 15 smart corridor in San Diego. A group of participants was assigned to drive next to the simulated 9-ft narrow lane while a control group was assigned to drive next to a regular 12-ft AV lane. Driver behavior was analyzed by measuring the mean lane position, mean speed, and mental effort (self-reported/subjective measure). In addition to AV lane width, the experimental design took into consideration AV headway, gender, and right lane traffic to investigate possible interaction effects. The results showed no significant differences in the speed and mental effort of drivers while indicating significant differences in lane positioning. Although the overall effect of AV lane width was not significant, there were some significant interaction effects between lane width and other factors (i.e., driver gender and presence of traffic on the next regular lane to the right). Across all the significant interactions, there was no case in which those factors stayed constant while AV lane width changed between the groups, indicating that the significant difference stemmed from the other factors rather than the lane width. However, the trend observed was that drivers driving next to the 12-ft lane had better lane centering compared to the 9ft lane. The analysis also showed that while in general female drivers tended to drive further away from the 9-ft lane and performed worse in terms of lane centering, they performed better than male drivers when right-lane traffic was present. This study contributes to understanding the behavioral impacts of infrastructure adaptation to AVs on non-AV drivers.
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Mizrach, Amos, Sydney L. Spahr, Ephraim Maltz, Michael R. Murphy, Zeev Schmilovitch, Jan E. Novakofski, Uri M. Peiper et al. Ultrasonic Body Condition Measurements for Computerized Dairy Management Systems. United States Department of Agriculture, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568109.bard.

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The body condition (BC) score is recognized in the dairy industry as an essential tool for managing the energy reserves of the dairy cow, which is essential for sustaining optimal and efficient production over several lactations. The current use of BC scoring depends on the accuracy of subjective visual estimates, and this limits its kusefulness as a management aid in the dairy industry. A measuring tool that would frequently provide objective data on the cow's body reserves would be a major contribution to efficient dairy herd management. Ultrasonic sensors have the potential to be developed into an efficient BC measuring device, and the experimental use of such sensors for subcutaneous fat thickness (SDFT) estimates, as an indication for BC in beef cattle, supports this assumption. The purposes of this project were: 1. To compare visual BC scoring and ultrasonic fat thickness with on-line automated body weight (BW) measurements as monitors of nutritional adequacy of dairy cows at various stages of lactation. 2. To determine the effects of variation in digestive fill in early and late lactation on the accuracy of body weight measurements in lactating cows. 3. To modify an existing ultrasonic system and develop a specialized, low-cost sensor for repeatable determination of body condition scores by users with minimal training and skill. 4. To develop a standard for the assignment of body condition scores based on ultrasonic measurements of subdermal fat thickness. The procedure to execute these objectives involved: 1. Frequent measurement of BW, milk yield (MY), BC (visually scored) and subdermal fat thickness ultrasonically measured of dairy cows, and data analysis on average and individual basis. 2. Testing and selection of an appropriate special-purpose sensor, finding an optimum body location for working an ultrasonic measurement, prcessing the signals obtained, and correlating the resulting measurements with performance responses in lactating cows. Linking the ultrasonic signals to BC scores, and developing a BC scoring data acquisition system are the first steps towards fulfilling the necessary requirements for incorporating this device into an existing dairy herd management system, in order to provide the industry with a powerful managment tool. From the results obtained we could conclude that: 1. BC does not correlate with BW changes during all stages of lactation, although in general terms it does. These results were confirmed by individual cow BW and BC data obtained during the course of lactation, that were supported by individual objective ultrasonic measurement of SDFT. 2. BW changes reflect energy metabolism reliably ony after peak milk yield; early in lactation, a decrease in BW expresses mobilization of body reserves only qualitatively, and not quantitatively. 3. Gastrointestinal content increases throughout the whole period during which dry matter intake (DMI) increases. The drastic increase very early in lactation prevents the use of BW changes as a basis for quantitative estimatio of energy meatabolism; at this stage of lactation, konly a BC score or any other direct measurements willl provide a quantitative estimate of energy metabolism. 4. Ultrasonic measurements of subdermal fat thickness can be used to quantify changes that correlate with the actual condition of the cow, as assessed by performance and the traditional way of scoring. 5. To find the best site on the cow's body at which to obtain responses to BC and its changes in the course of lactation, additional sites have to be examined. From the present study, it seems that the sites between ribs 12 and 13 have the potential for this purpose. 6. The use of templates made it easier to repeat measurements at a desired site and spot. However, the convenient easy-to-handle way to standardize the measurement, described in this study, koffers scope for improvement. 7. The RF peak values of the A-mode are better indicators of the location of fat layer borders than image analysis, from the point of view of future commercial development. 8. The distances between the RF peaks of the A-mode can be automatically measured by suitable software, for future commercial development. 9. Proper analysis of daily body weight and milk yield data can provide the necessary information on body condition changes during lactation, until a direct BC measurement device is developed. 10. In any case, at least one visual BC assessment has to be done, preferably immediately after calving, for calibration purposes.
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