Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Structures actives"

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Structures actives":

1

Véron, Jacques. "Activité féminine et structures familiales. Quelle dépendance ?" Population Vol. 43, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1988): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/popu.p1988.43n1.0120.

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Résumé Véron Jacques.— Activité féminine et structures familiales. Quelle dépendance ? De la hiérarchie des taux d'activité des femmes selon la situation familiale, de la moindre fécondité des femmes actives ou de la simultanéité entre transformation des structures familiales et explosion de l'activité féminine, est fréquemment inférée une relation de dépendance entre comportements sur le marché du travail et attitudes à l'égard du mariage ou de la famille. L'utilisation de données françaises conduit à nier l'existence d'une telle relation. Les recensements de 1962 et 1982 encadrent en France une période de changements remarquables : baisse de la nuptialité et de la fécondité; hausse de la divortialité d'une part, croissance de l'activité et disparition du « cycle traditionnel » d'activité d'autre part. Aucune relation de dépendance stricte ne peut être établie entre ces deux ordres de phénomènes. Le recours à une structure type montre qu'en l'absence de changements familiaux, les femmes auraient été, aujourd'hui, presque aussi souvent actives. Un modèle élémentaire de transferts (fictifs) entre sous-populations (des femmes mariées, fécondes et inactives vers les femmes célibataires, sans enfant et actives, par exemple) prouve qu'il ne saurait exister plus qu'une faible dépendance, quelle qu'en soit le sens, entre changements familiaux et désir accru d'exercer une profession.
2

Appell, Kenneth C., Thomas D. Y. Chung, Michael J. H. Ohlmeyer, Nolan H. Sigal, John J. Baldwin e Daniel Chelsky. "Biological Screening of a Large Combinatorial Library". Journal of Biomolecular Screening 1, n. 1 (febbraio 1996): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108705719600100111.

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Encoding technology has allowed for the creation of libraries of 50,000 or more low-molecular-weight compounds for biological testing. The current challenge is to properly and efficiently screen among these compounds for useful biological activities. In this example, actives against two related G-protein coupled receptors were sought from a combinatorial library of 56,000 members. The library was synthesized on solid phase using the split synthesis method and photochemically released for testing. At a screening concentration of 0.5-1 /LM, 86 unique structures were identified as active against one receptor and 24 were active against the other. Due to the random nature of compound sampling, five library equivalents or 280,000 beads were screened to ensure greater than 99% representation of library members. As a result, many actives appeared multiple times in the screen, verifying the encoding process. Further confirmation was obtained by resynthesis and testing of predicted active structures. A clear bias for specific "R" groups at each point of variation in the combinatorial library with little overlap between the two receptors has produced a clear structure-activity relationship on which to base further work.
3

Fillion, Ray. "Embedded Actives and Its Industry Effects". International Symposium on Microelectronics 2011, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2011): 000382–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2011-tp5-paper5.

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Over the 60 plus year history of microelectronics packaging, electronic devices have been mounted onto an interconnect structure to form a microelectronics circuit. The devices could be bare chips, CSPs or packaged components such as SMT or thru-hole carriers. The interconnect structures could be circuit boards, ceramic substrates or flex circuits. This methodology has enabled a clear divide between the fabrication, assembly and test of the semiconductor device, the fabrication and test of the interconnect structure and the assembly and test of the component/substrate assembly. Over the past decade a new packaging methodology, embedded actives (chips), has been developed that changes all of these industry norms. In an embedded actives packaging approach, one or more bare or chip scale semiconductor devices are embedded within the interconnect structure. Although these approaches have significant electrical performance, size and cost benefits, the normal barriers between chip packaging, substrate fabrication and component assembly are removed. The interconnect structure is not completed prior to component embedding and the embedded component cannot be tested at packaged part level without the interconnect structure. This complicates electrical testing and makes it virtually impossible to differentiate between a defective component, a defective interconnect or a defective component to substrate contact. This paper will look at the history of embedded active developments and go into the various processes and structures being used. It will cover their electrical, reliability and size advantages and will address the revolutionary changes that the microelectronics industry must make to effectively utilize these technologies.
4

Hu, Yanting. "Progress in the study of the anti-non-small cell lung cancer effects of alkaloid actives". Theoretical and Natural Science 8, n. 1 (13 novembre 2023): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/8/20240352.

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Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a highly lethal type of lung cancer and the current therapeutic challenges remain daunting. Alkaloids have become a compelling area of research due to their diverse structures and wide range of biological activities and are considered as potential antitumor agents. In this paper, we review the research progress of different classes of representative alkaloidal actives in recent years in terms of their anti NSCLC effects, with a view to provide a reference for alkaloidal actives in anti NSCLC research.
5

Gnennyi, M. V., e O. M. Gnennyi. "THE DETERMINATION OF THE VALUE OF DEPRECIATION OF BUILDINGS ON RAILWAY TRANSPORT". Science and Transport Progress, n. 12 (25 settembre 2006): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2006/18873.

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With development of market relations the increasing actuality, including on a railway transportation, questions of assessment of actives is obtained. Assessment of actives is necessary for their book keeping, selling, rent, deposit etc., and also for privatizations. Article is devoted to development of methods of determination of depreciation of the structures caused by their physical deterioration. In article the model for definition of suitability coefficient for structures in which performance of major repairs does not practice and is received, the net operational profit from which may be considered as a constant during term of useful use. It is revealed, that factors of cost deterioration in this case are: rate of discounting of investments in similar property, the general term of economic life of a building, a share of cost of liquidation in cost of replacement (reconstruction), residual term of economic life.
6

Wong, Chung F. "Improving ensemble docking for drug discovery by machine learning". Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 18, n. 03 (maggio 2019): 1920001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633619200013.

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Ensemble docking has provided an inexpensive method to account for receptor flexibility in molecular docking. However, it is still unclear how best to use the docking scores from multiple structures to classify compounds into actives and inactives. Previous studies have also found that the performance of classification could decrease rather than increase with the number of structures included in the ensemble. Machine learning could help to alleviate these problems.
7

Tejashri, Gursalkar, Bajaj Amrita e Jain Darshana. "Cyclodextrin based nanosponges for pharmaceutical use: A review". Acta Pharmaceutica 63, n. 3 (1 settembre 2013): 335–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acph-2013-0021.

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Abstract Nanosponges are a novel class of hyper-crosslinked polymer based colloidal structures consisting of solid nanoparticles with colloidal sizes and nanosized cavities. These nano-sized colloidal carriers have been recently developed and proposed for drug delivery, since their use can solubilize poorly water-soluble drugs and provide prolonged release as well as improve a drug’s bioavailability by modifying the pharmacokinetic parameters of actives. Development of nanosponges as drug delivery systems, with special reference to cyclodextrin based nanosponges, is presented in this article. In the current review, attempts have been made to illustrate the features of cyclodextrin based nanosponges and their applications in pharmaceutical formulations. Special emphasis has been placed on discussing the methods of preparation, characterization techniques and applications of these novel drug delivery carriers for therapeutic purposes. Nanosponges can be referred to as solid porous particles having a capacity to load drugs and other actives into their nanocavity; they can be formulated as oral, parenteral, topical or inhalation dosage forms. Nanosponges offer high drug loading compared to other nanocarriers and are thus suitable for solving issues related to stability, solubility and delayed release of actives. Controlled release of the loaded actives and solubility enhancement of poorly water-soluble drugs are major advantages of nanosponge drug delivery systems.
8

HLADKY-HENNION, A. C., e J. N. DECARPIGNY. "APPLICATION DE LA MÉTHODE DES ÉLÉMENTS FINIS À LA MODÉLISATION DE STRUCTURES PÉRIODIQUES ACTIVES". Le Journal de Physique IV 02, n. C1 (aprile 1992): C1–387—C1–390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:1992183.

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9

Bennacef, Chanez, Stéphane Desobry, Laurent Probst e Sylvie Desobry-Banon. "Alginate Based Core–Shell Capsules Production through Coextrusion Methods: Recent Applications". Foods 12, n. 9 (25 aprile 2023): 1788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12091788.

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Encapsulation is used in various industries to protect active molecules and control the release of the encapsulated materials. One of the structures that can be obtained using coextrusion encapsulation methods is the core–shell capsule. This review focuses on coextrusion encapsulation applications for the preservation of oils and essential oils, probiotics, and other bioactives. This technology isolates actives from the external environment, enhances their stability, and allows their controlled release. Coextrusion offers a valuable means of preserving active molecules by reducing oxidation processes, limiting the evaporation of volatile compounds, isolating some nutrients or drugs with undesired taste, or stabilizing probiotics to increase their shelf life. Being environmentally friendly, coextrusion offers significant application opportunities for the pharmaceutical, food, and agriculture sectors.
10

Fisler, Lisa, e Antoine Gander. "Les syrphes comme indicateurs de la diversité fonctionnelle en forêt". Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 172, n. 6 (1 novembre 2021): 380–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2021.0380.

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Evaluer l’état écologique d’une forêt ou suivre son évolution sont des étapes essentielles pour valoriser des mesures actives de gestion pour la biodiversité. Ces mesures visent souvent l’amélioration des ressources disponibles pour la zoocénose, en diversifiant les structures, les habitats et microhabitats forestiers au sens large. Comme bio-indicateurs, les assemblages d’espèces des diptères Syrphidae réunis selon leurs traits de vie reflètent les ressources écologiques disponibles et permettent ainsi d’obtenir un indice d’intégrité fonctionnelle du système naturel ou semi-naturel étudié.

Tesi sul tema "Structures actives":

1

El, Soufi Louay. "Contribution à la fabrication des structures thermoplastiques actives". Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00604087.

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Les recherches effectuées sont centrées sur l'intégration de composants piézoélectriques dans des matrices thermodurcissables. Cependant, le problème de recyclage constitue un grand axe nécessitant le remplacement des matériaux thermodurcissables par des matériaux thermoplastiques. Toutefois, les procédés actuels de fabrication des pièces en composite actif à matière thermoplastique ne sont pas directement exploitables pour l'intégration de composants fragiles tels que les composants piézoélectriques. Le travail présenté dans ce mémoire de thèse est dédié à une contribution à la fabrication des structures thermoplastiques intelligentes. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif de la thèse est de déterminer le rapport entre le procédé de fabrication et les modèles de comportement à développer pour l'utilisation des composants piézoélectriques intégrés. Deux études sont réalisées séparément : Une première étude traite les conditions thermiques et mécaniques qui accompagnent la fabrication des structures thermoplastiques. L'influence de ces conditions sur le matériau piézocéramique intégré est analysée dans une deuxième étude. Les résultats des deux études permettent de choisir le matériau approprié pour chaque procédé et condition de mise en œuvre, de manière à minimiser l'endommagement du matériau intelligent. Cet apport permet de surmonter les obstacles relatifs à l'utilisation du thermoplastique dans les structures intelligentes.
2

Ignatov, Yury. "Phénomènes hyperfréquences et nonlinéaires dans les structures actives ferromagnétiques planaires". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00741407.

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Les récentes découvertes sur les phénomènes hyperfréquences et nonlinéaires dans les structures minces ferromagnétiques actives planaires ont fait émerger un grand nombre de nouvelles études et applications pratiques prometteuses. La conversion de l'énergie magnétoélastique peut être beaucoup plus efficace à proximité de la transition de réorientation de spin (TRS). Les structures minces ferromagnétiques actives planaires fournissent un grand nombre de caractéristiques haute fréquence uniques : par exemple, les conditions pour l'effet Doppler anomal peuvent être satisfaites. Les cristaux magnoniques représentent également un domaine prometteur pour les futures investigations.Dans le présent travail nous avons établi la description théorique de la propagation des ondes hyperfréquences et non-linéaires dans les structures minces ferromagnétiques actives planaires de compositions différentes. Il a été démontré expérimentalement et théoriquement que les vibrations basse fréquence d'un cantilever peuvent être amplifiées quand la résonance ferromagnétique est excitée par un champ électromagnétique HF à proximité de la TRS. En outre, l'effet de la démodulation magnétoélastique peut être complété par un effet magnétoélectrique nonlinéaire. La possibilité de l'apparition de l'effet Doppler anomal lors de la propagation d'une onde de surface magnétostatique dans une structure ferrite-diélectrique-métal, dans une certaine plage de paramètres du système, est démontrée. La dispersion d'une onde magnétostatique de surface se propageant dans un film dont l'épaisseur varie linéairement, et possédant une structure périodique sous la forme de bandes parallèles gravées, a été calculée
3

Dellong, David. "Failles actives et structures profondes de la Marge Est-Sicilienne". Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0065/document.

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Le bassin Ionien, en Méditerranée centrale, abrite une zone de subduction à vergence Nord-Ouest où la plaque Afrique plonge sous les blocs Calabro-Péloritain au Nord-Est de la Sicile. Cette subduction résulte de la lente convergence entre les plaques tectoniques Afrique et Eurasiatique. Bien que de nombreuses campagnes d’exploration scientifique ont été menées dans cette zone particulière, plusieurs questions géodynamiques restent débattues. Tout d’abord la croûte pavant le bassin Ionien pourrait être soit de nature continentale amincie et représenter une extension de la plaque Afrique, soit océanique (Néo-Téthys) faisant de ce bassin l’un des plus anciens domaines océaniques au monde. L’escarpement de Malte représente un vestige de l’ouverture du bassin, mais les mécanismes de rifting et notamment la géométrie d’ouverture du bassin restent débattus. Cette subduction est en retrait vers le Sud-Est depuis les derniers 35 Ma, mais est aujourd’hui confinée à l’étroit bassin Ionien. Afin d’accommoder ce retrait de la plaque plongeante dans le bassin, une grande faille de déchirure lithosphérique de bord de subduction (STEP fault en anglais pour « subduction Transform Edge Propagator ») doit se propager le long de la marge Est-Sicilienne. Cependant, sa position en surface reste difficile à déterminer dans l’épais prisme d’accrétion recouvrant le bassin. Ces questions ont été explorées par modélisation des données de sismique grand angle de la campagne DIONYSUS (Octobre 2014, R/V Meteor) le long de deux profils perpendiculaires à la marge Est-Sicilienne. Des modélisations gravimétriques en 3D ont aussi été réalisées dans le but de localiser la plaque plongeante en profondeur sous les blocs Calabro-Péloritains. La sismicité des trois structures majeures du bassin : l’escarpement de Malte, l’AFS (Alfeo Fault System), et l’IFS (Ionian Fault System) a permis d’étudier leurs activités à l’actuel. Les résultats obtenus permettent d’observer une croûte océanique au fond du bassin. La structure profonde de l’escarpement de Malte est observée comme une zone d’amincissement crustal abrupt, ce qui est caractéristique des marges transformantes. Un profond bassin sédimentaire asymétrique (11 km) est observé au Sud du détroit de Messine. Il s’est probablement ouvert récemment entre les blocs continentaux Péloritain et Calabre. Dans le lobe Ouest du prisme d’accrétion Calabrais, le modèle de vitesse permet d’observer l’indentation du prisme clastique interne dans le prisme évaporitique externe. Des modélisations analogiques utilisant sable et silicone ont permis de démontrer la récente activité de ce lobe. L’interprétation des modèles de vitesse permet de localiser la faille STEP le long de l’AFS sur les deux profils
In the Ionian Sea (central Mediterranean) the slow convergence between Africa and Eurasia results in the formation of a narrow subduction zone. The nature of the crust of the subducting plate remains debated and could represent the last remnants of the Neo-Tethys ocean. The origin of the Ionian basin is also under discussion, especially concerning the rifting mechanisms as the Malta Escarpment could represent a remnant of this opening. This subduction retreats toward the south-east (motion occurring since the last 35 Ma) but is confined to the narrow Ionian basin. A major lateral slab tear fault is required to accommodate the slab rollback.This fault is thought to propagate along the eastern Sicily margin but its precise location remains controversial.This PhD project focussed on the deep sedimentary and crustal structures of the eastern Sicily margin and the Malta Escarpment (ME). Two two-dimensional P wave velocity models were modelled by forward Modelling of wide-angle seismic data, acquired onboard the R/V Meteor during the DIONYSUS cruise in 2014.A 3D gravity model of the region was also performed to constrain the depth of the subducting slab bellow the Calabro-Peloritan backstops. The seismicity of the three structures identified in the velocity models (ME, Alfeo fault System, Ionian Fault System) permits to study their recent activity. The results image an oceanic crust within the Ionian basin as well as the deep structure of the Malta Escarpment, which presents characteristics of a transform margin. A deep and asymmetrical sedimentary basin is imaged south of the Messina strait and seems to have opened between the Calabrian and Peloritan continental terranes. In the western lobe of the Calabrian accretionary prism, the southern velocity model allows to observe the indentation of the internal clastic wedge into the external evaporitic wedge, thus showing the recent activity of this lobe. The interpretation of the velocity models suggests that the major STEP fault is located east of the Malta Escarpment, along the Alfeo Fault System
4

LE, ROUZIC SOPHIE. "Sismotectonique des structures actives dans la zone de relais, philipines". Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA077142.

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La zone de relais aux philippines, limitee par les extremites de deux fosses n-s, permet le transfert du mouvement entre la plaque mer des philippines et le bloc de la sonde. L'objectif de ce travail est de determiner le role des structures actives de la zone de relais et de les integrer dans un modele de deformation. Ces structures actives, a savoir, la faille de mindoro, le so de luzon comprenant le couloir du macolod, le nord de la fosse philippine, le sud de la fosse de manille, la faille d'infanta ont ete etudiees selon une approche sismologique ou geologique. Le so de l'ile de luzon, une region situee a l'arriere de la fosse de manille est caracterisee par deux reseaux de failles soumises a un meme regime extensif no-se. Le premier, ne-so est neoformee et le second, heritee, suit une direction n-s. Il comprend egalement la faille de mindoro situee au sud de luzon, qui a rompu en 1994 (ms = 7. 1). La relocalisation des repliques telesismiques et l'inversion des ondes de volume large-bande du choc principal, ont permis de determiner une source composee de deux sous-evements decrochants. Au nord de la fosse philippine, les donnees sismologiques mettent en evidence une discontinuite structurale de la plaque plongeante qui coincide en surface avec un bassin localise sur le lineament de legaspi. Ces resultats et l'analyse des donnees geodesiques, montrent que la ceinture mobile philippine est controlee par un mecanisme de decomposition du mouvement oblique entre deux zones de subduction et schematiquement constituee de deux lanieres. Ce modele original, explique la presence d'une zone extensive au so de luzon, d'une zone compressive dans les visayas et d'une laniere rigide en face de la fosse philippine ainsi que l'existence d'une faille philippine non continue.
5

Waibaye, Adoum. "Création de structures actives à l'aide d'alliages à mémoire de forme". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22724/document.

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Les alliages à mémoire de forme (AMF) sont des matériaux métalliques qui présentent des propriétés thermomécaniques particulières, et notamment l’effet mémoire de forme. L’étude réalisée durant la thèse concerne la création de systèmes actifs double-sens à l'aide de fils AMF à effet mémoire simple-sens. Trois modèles analogiques simples, représentant trois catégories de solutions constructives, ont été développés. Ces modèles correspondent à des types de couplages mécaniques différents entre un (ou des) fil(s) AMF et une structure mécanique. Par exemple, le modèle le plus simple consiste à utiliser un unique fil AMF couplé à un système mécanique constitué d’une structure monolithique déformable. Lorsque l’on chauffe l’AMF, on active l’effet mémoire de forme, ce qui entraîne une déformation de la structure. Lorsque l’on refroidit l’AMF, la rigidité propre de la structure entraîne une déformation dans le sens inverse à celui de la phase de chauffage. Plusieurs démonstrateurs ont été également construits et analysés durant la thèse. Cette étude montre la possibilité de concevoir des structures actives pilotées par des AMF, ce qui ouvre des perspectives pour le contrôle des déformations ou des contraintes dans des structures
Shape memory alloys (SMA) are metallic materials that have particular thermomechanical properties, including the shape memory effect. The study carried out during the thesis concerns the creation of two-way active systems using SMA wires exhibiting one-way memory effect. Three simple analog models, representing three classes of constructive solutions, have been developed. These models correspond to different types of mechanical coupling between one (or more) SMA wire(s) and a mechanical structure. For example, the simplest configuration is a single SMA wire coupled to a mechanical system consisting of a deformable monolithic structure. When the SMA is heated, the shape memory effect is activated, which causes the deformation of the structure. When cooling the SMA, the inherent rigidity of the structure causes a deformation in the opposite direction to that of the heating phase. Several demonstrators were also constructed and analyzed during the thesis. This study demonstrates the possibility of designing active structures driven by SMAs, which opens prospects for the control of deformations or stresses in structures
6

BELLAHSENE, TOUNES. "Modélisation moléculaire de structures pharmacologiquement actives sur le diabète non-insulino-dépendant". Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA077009.

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La pathogenie du diabete non-insulino-dependant (dnid) est encore loin d'etre elucidee. Cependant, il est a present reconnu que l'hyperglycemie des sujets qui en sont atteints est la consequence d'une diminution de l'efficacite de l'insuline et/ou d'une alteration de sa secretion. La liberation de cette hormone est inhibee, entre autres, par la fixation d'antagonistes sur les recepteurs alpha-2. Ces derniers, presentant une activite insulinosecretrice, portent pour leur grande majorite, un cycle imidazoline. Ainsi, nous avons etudie une serie de molecules presentant d'une part un noyau imidazolinique et d'autre part, la piperazine, charpente alliant a la fois flexibles et rigidite. Grace aux outils de la modelisation moleculaire nous nous sommes proposes d'analyser et eventuellement de prevoir les effets des cinquante molecules de cette serie d'antidiabetiques oraux sur l'homeostasie glucidique et la secretion d'insuline. L'evaluation biologique de nos composes s'est faite par le biais de trois parametres interdependants, g30, k et g. Le graphe k/g qui presente la meilleure discrimination, a ete decoupe en quadrants definissant des familles de molecules d'activite analogue. Vue la grande flexibilite des molecules etudiees, nous avons mesure, sur leurs geometries optimisees, les valeurs des angles diedres consideres comme caracteristiques, et constitue a nouveau des familles appelees gdin. Une analyse de la distribution de ces groupes d'angles diedres sur le quadrant pharmacologique tente de relier cette caracteristique geometrique a l'activite biologique. Le pms 812, molecule phare de notre serie, normalise la tolerance au glucose et stimule fortement la secretion d'insuline in vivo chez le rat diabetique. Son etude conformationnelle complete a ete realisee et nous a permis de distinguer cinq conformeres. Ces derniers ont d'abord ete optimises dans la base am1 puis en bases mini-1' et 6-31 g. La comparaison des differents angles diedres ainsi que des energies relatives obtenues a egalement ete effectuee. Au ph physiologique (ph=7,4) le pms 812 est partiellement protone. Une comparaison des energies relatives des conformeres charges obtenus a ete etudiee et a confirme l'incidence de la protonation sur la geometrie. La caracteristique majeure de cette serie de molecules etant la liberte conformationnelle, refaire l'investigation en details de la piperazine elle-meme au niveau de calcul ab initio en base double 6-31 g etait important. L'etude des proprietes electroniques de nos molecules a ete realisee. Le calcul des charges ponctuelles, sur chacun des atomes d'azote selon la methode cndo, sur des conformations dans leur geometrie optimisee au niveau am1 a permis de degager quelques tendances. Par exemple, une forte charge sur l'atome d'azote n9 semble favoriser une activite moyenne voire forte. Pour finir, une etude du potentiel electrostatique en ab initio a ete conduite sur une molecule par famille biologique. La comparaison des differents niveaux de contours energetiques de ces molecules apporte des explications quant a l'activite biologique.
7

Loret, Erwann-Philippe. "Spécificité et structures secondaires des toxines de scorpions actives sur les insectes". Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX22004.

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L'etude des relations existantes entre la structure des toxines de scorpions anti-nsectes et leur fonction s'est faite selon deux approches, la comparaison de sequences et des modifications chimiques, et les structures secondaires (dichroisme circulaire). Deux toxines de scorpions agissant uniquement sur les insectes, aah it1 et aah it2, ont ete purifiees a partir du venin de scorpions androctonus australis hector collectes dans l'oasis de tozeur en tunisie. La structure primaire de ces deux proteines a ete determinee et revele une forte homologie de sequence entre elles. Les acides amines basiques de aah it1 ont ete modifies chimiquement de maniere selective. Six derives ont pu etre isoles, identifies et leur proprietes pharmacologiques etudiees. Les lysines 28 et 51 s'averent etre importantes pour la toxicite de ces proteines. Une etude par dichroisme circulaire a permis de constater les homologies conformationnelles de ces deux toxines. Le pourcentage des differentes structures secondaires presentes dans aah it2 a pu etre estime grace a l'analyse du spectre dichroique assistee par ordinateur et montre la presence d'une helice supplementaire par rapport aux toxines de scorpions anti-mammiferes. Trois toxines de scorpions, l'une etant active sur les mammiferes (css ii), l'autre active sur les insectes (aah it2) et enfin la derniere a la fois active sur les mammiferes et les insectes (ts vii) ont ete etudiees et comparees par dichroisme circulaire. Leur flexibilite a ete evaluee par l'amplitude des modifications de leurs structures secondaires, lorsque l'hydrophobicite du milieu est changee. Il apparait que le caractere non specifique d'une de ces toxines est associe a une plus grande flexibilite comparee aux deux autres, plus specifiques dans leur cible pharmacologique, mais egalement plus rigides. La specificite des toxines anti-insectes serait liee a la presence d'une helice
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Vergnet, Fabien. "Structures actives dans un fluide visqueux : modélisation, analyse mathématique et simulations numériques". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS169/document.

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Le transport de micro-organismes et de fluides biologiques au moyen de cils et flagelles est un phénomène universel que l’on retrouve chez presque tous les êtres vivants. Le but de cette thèse est la modélisation, l’analyse mathématique et la simulation numérique de problèmes d’interaction fluide-structure qui font intervenir des structures actives, capables de se déformer d’elles-mêmes grâce à des contraintes internes, et un fluide à faible nombre de Reynolds, modélisé par les équations de Stokes. Le Chapitre 2 traite de la modélisation de ces structures actives en considérant la loi de Saint Venant-Kirchhoff dans les équations de l’élasticité et en ajoutant un terme d’activité au second tenseur de contraintes de Piola-Kirchhoff. Les équations fluide et structures sont couplées à l’interface fluide-structure et l’étude mathématique d’un problème linéarisé et discrétisé en temps est ensuite réalisée. Une reformulation sous forme d’un problème point-selle est proposée et utilisée pour la simulation numérique du problème. Le Chapitre 3 s’intéresse à l’analyse du problème d’interaction fluide-structure quasi-statique avec une structure active, pour lequel nous montrons l’existence et l’unicité, pour des données petites, d’une solution forte localement en temps. Le Chapitre 4 présente une nouvelle méthode de type domaine fictif (la méthode de prolongement régulier ) pour la résolution numérique de problèmes de transmission. La méthode est d’abord développée pour un problème de transmission de Laplace, puis étendue aux problèmes de transmission de Stokes et d’interaction fluide-structure
The transport of microorganisms and biological fluids by means of cilia and flagella is an universal phenomenon found in almost all living beings. The aim of this thesis is to model, analyze and simulate mathematical fluid-structure interaction problems involving active structures, capable of deforming themselves through internal stresses, and a low Reynolds number fluid, modeled by Stokes equations. In Chapter 2, these active structures are modeled as elastic materials satisfying Saint Venant-Kirchhoff law for elasticity whose activity comes from the addition of an activity term to the second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor. Elasticity and Stokes equations are coupled on the fluid-structure interface and the mathematical study of the linearized problem discretized in time is realized. Then, the problem is formulated as a saddle-point problem which isused for numerical simulations. Chapter 3 focuses on the analysis of a quasi-static fluid-structure with an active structure, for which we show existence and uniqueness, for small data, of a strong solution locally in time. Chapter 4 presents a new fictitious domain method (the smooth extension method) for the numerical resolution of transmission problems. The method is first developed for a Laplace transmission problem and further extended to Stokes transmission and fluid-structure interaction problems
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Gardillou, Florent. "Etude et réalisation de structures hybrides actives/passives en optique intégrée sur verre". Grenoble INPG, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005INPG0166.

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Les avancées majeures des télécommunications optiques ont nécessité l'élaboration de circuits intégrés optiques (ClOs) pour émettre, recevoir, traiter et distribuer l'information. Historiquement, de nombreuses technologies de ClOs ont été développées en parallèle. Cependant, dans le but de réduire les dimensions et les coûts des futurs ClOs, il est nécessaire de pouvoir intégrer plusieurs fonctions élémentaires sur un même substrat Pour cela, nous avons étudié la possibilité de réaliser des structures hybrides sur verre composées d'une couche mince guidante de matériau actif ou passif reporté sur un guide d'ondes de surface réalisé par échange d'ions. Nous nous sommes particulièrement intéressés à la réalisation d'un amplificateur. Optique hybride grâce à la mise au point d'une technique de collage par adhésion moléculaire d'un verre silicate contenant des guides d'ondes. Et d'un verre phosphate codopé Er3+/Yb3+. Pour cela, nous avons développé un procédé d'échange d'ions T1+/K+ laissant la surface du verre intacte, un procédé de collage à basse température ainsi qu'une technique d'amincissement permettant de réduire l'épaisseur du verre actif à moins de 10μm. Un amplificateur hybride a été réalisé et un coefficient de gain de 3,66 dB/cm a été obtenu, ce qui est comparable aux meilleures performances publiées pour des amplificateurs classiques réalisés par échange d'ions. Un gain net positif a même été démontré dans un autre amplificateur hybride réalisé par un échange d'ions Ag+/Na+ et aminci par rodage/polissage. La réalisation d'autres fonctions en configuration hybride (encapsulation d'un réseau de Bragg, isolateur optique) a ensuite été étudiée
The need of optical fiber telecommunication systems has been the driving force for the tremendous development of integrated optical circuits (IOCs) with a vast number of technologies which are up to now incompatible. However, the integration of elementary functionson a single wafer seems to be required to reduce the dimension and the cost for future complex IOCs. Ln this perspective, we propose in this report the realization of hybrid structures on glass. These latter consist of a passive or active thin guiding layer on a glass wafer containing an ion-exchanged channel waveguide. This work has mainly been devoted to the study and the realization of an hybrid optical amplifier by wafer bonding and ion-exchange techniques. First, a T1+/K+ ion-exchange process has been developed in a passive silicate glass with the aim of keeping a fiat glass surface. Then, an Er3+/Yb3+ codoped phosphate glass layer with a thickness below 10 μm has been formed by a low temperature wafer bonding process (<150°C) foIlowed by a polishing thinning procedure. The realized hybrid structure has been characterized and a promising gain coefficient of 3. 66 dB/cm has been reached which is comparable with the best published values for standard ion-exchanged optical amplifiers. This result has been improved thanks to the implementation of an Ag+/Na+ ion-exchange and a grinding/polishing process and net gain operation has been demonstrated. Other hybrid structures have also been studied : a glass surface- and polarization-insensitive embedded Bragg filter and an hybrid optical isolator. Finally, the necessary future works for the integration of aIl hybrid structures on a single wafer have been described
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Silva, Sandrina Ribeiro Martins da. "1,3-Oxazoline-2-thiones saccharidiques : synthèse et réactivité de structures bio-actives originales". Thesis, Orléans, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ORLE2083.

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A nos jours, la résistance des microorganismes aux antibiotiques est l'un des plus gros problèmes de la santé publique. La recherche de nouvelles familles de composés naturelles ou synthétiques nous amène vers la découverte des méthodologies innovantes conduisant à de nouveaux antibiotiques. Dans le présent travail, nous vous invitons à plonger dans le "nouveau monde" de la synthèse, la réactivité et l'activité biologique de 1,3-oxazoline-2-thiones (OXTs). En effet, cet hétérocycle peu exploré est un facilement obtenu par condensation entre _-hydroxycarbonyle et l'acide thiocyanique. Lorsque l'hétérocycle est ancré sur un modèle de glucides, des structures originales sont attendus tels que OZTs fusionnées à cinq ou six chaînons et OXTs liées par une liaison C-C aux sucres, avec un vaste potentiel chimique et biologique. Nous avons alors étudié la synthèse et la réactivité de OXT simple et thionocarbamates fusionnées ou liés à des glucides modèles, conduisant à la formation de nouveaux carbohydrates fusionnées aux oxazolidinones (OZOs) ainsi que des pseudo C-iminosucres et oxazoles. Nous avons également exploré l'électrophilie de la fonction thioamide dans les couplages croisés de type Suzuki et Stille. Une nouvelle modification de la réaction de Sonogashira a été élaborée en utilisant le cuivre (I) comme cofacteur en quantité catalytique, et sa faisabilité a été démontrée pour une variété de substrats
The resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics is, in our days, one of the biggest problems in terms of public health. The research for new artificial and natural families of compounds throws us towards innovative methodologies leading to novel antibiotics.In the present work, we are invited to dive in the “new world” of 1,3-oxazoline-2-thiones (OXTs) synthesis, reactivity and biological activity. In fact, this unexplored heterocycle is a simple synthon readily obtained by condensation of thiocyanic acid with an _-hydroxycarbonyl species. When the heterocycle is anchored on a carbohydrate template, original structures are expected such as OZTs fused to five- or six-membered rings and OXTs C-C linked to sugars, with a broad potential in organic chemistry and bioorganic applications. We have then investigated the synthesis and reactivity of simple OXT and thionocarbamates fused or linked to carbohydrate templates, leading to the formation of new carbohydrate-fused oxazolidinones (OZOs) as well as pseudo-C-iminosugars and oxazoles. We have also explored the use of thioxo compounds as electrophiles in Pd-assisted cross-coupling methods, such as Suzuki and Stille reactions. A new modified Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction, in which copper (I) is used in catalytic amount, was developed and its feasibility was proven for a variety of substrates. Finally, our attention was focused on the biological potential of the new molecules. We have targeted a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity for some OXTs and OZTs, to which was added a screening of glycosidases inhibition for the pseudo C-iminosugars

Libri sul tema "Structures actives":

1

Feld, Serge. Changements des structures par âge et populations actives. Louvain-la-Neuve: Academia-Bruylant, 2007.

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2

Workshop, National Solar Observatory/Sacramento Peak Summer. Large-scale structures and their role in solar activity: Proceedings of the 22nd Sacramento Peak Workshop, held at the National Solar Observatory, Sacramento Peak, Sunspot, New Mexico, USA, 18-22 October 2004. San Francisco, Calif: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 2005.

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3

Gawronski, Wodek K., a cura di. Advanced Structural Dynamics and Active Control of Structures. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72133-0.

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Preumont, André. Active control of structures. Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley, 2008.

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Preumont, André. Vibration control of active structures: An introduction. 2a ed. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002.

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Preumont, André. Vibration control of active structures: An introduction. 3a ed. Berlin: Springer, 2011.

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Preumont, André. Vibration Control of Active Structures. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5654-7.

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Cavallo, Alberto, Giuseppe De Maria, Ciro Natale e Salvatore Pirozzi. Active Control of Flexible Structures. London: Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-281-0.

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Preumont, A. Vibration Control of Active Structures. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2033-6.

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Preumont, André. Vibration Control of Active Structures. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72296-2.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Structures actives":

1

Peraza Hernandez, Edwin A., Darren J. Hartl e Dimitris C. Lagoudas. "Structural Mechanics and Design of Active Origami Structures". In Active Origami, 331–409. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91866-2_8.

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Soong, T. T., e H. Gupta. "Active Structural Control Against Wind". In Smart Structures, 329–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4611-1_37.

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Peraza Hernandez, Edwin A., Darren J. Hartl e Dimitris C. Lagoudas. "Introduction to Active Origami Structures". In Active Origami, 1–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91866-2_1.

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Settles, Burr. "Exploiting Structure in Data". In Active Learning, 47–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01560-1_5.

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Magaña, M. E., J. Rodellar, J. R. Casas e J. Mas. "Active Control of Cable-Stayed Bridges". In Smart Structures, 193–202. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4611-1_22.

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Preumont, André. "Active Control of Large Telescopes: Active Optics". In Vibration Control of Active Structures, 449–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72296-2_17.

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Ossowski, A. "Active Parametric Modification of Linear Vibrating Systems". In Smart Structures, 247–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4611-1_28.

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Peraza Hernandez, Edwin A., Darren J. Hartl e Dimitris C. Lagoudas. "Kinematics of Origami Structures with Creased Folds". In Active Origami, 55–110. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91866-2_2.

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Peraza Hernandez, Edwin A., Darren J. Hartl e Dimitris C. Lagoudas. "Kinematics of Origami Structures with Smooth Folds". In Active Origami, 201–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91866-2_5.

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Sinapius, Johannes Michael, Christian Hühne, Hossein Sadri e Johannes Riemenschneider. "Active Shape Control". In Adaptronics – Smart Structures and Materials, 155–225. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61399-3_5.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Structures actives":

1

Shen, Yanfeng, e Victor Giurgiutiu. "Simulation of Interaction Between Lamb Waves and Cracks for Structural Health Monitoring With Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors". In ASME 2012 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2012-7917.

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In this paper, the detection for two kinds of cracks is studied: (1) linear notch crack; (2) nonlinear breathing crack. A pitch-catch method with piezoelectric wafer actives sensors (PWAS) is used to interrogate an aluminum plate with a linear notch crack and a nonlinear breathing crack respectively as two cases. The inspection Lamb waves generated by the transmitter PWAS, propagate into the structure, interact with the crack, acquire crack information and are picked up by the receiver PWAS. The linear notch crack case is investigated through: (1) analytical model developed for Lamb waves interacting with a general linear damage; (2) finite element simulation. The breathing crack, which acts as a nonlinear source, is simulated using two approaches: (1) element activation/deactivation technique; (2) contact model. The theory and solving scheme of the proposed element activation/deactivation approach is discussed in detail. The signal features of different damage severities are analyzed. Crack opening, closing, stress concentration, surface collision phenomena are noticed for the breathing cracks. Mode conversion is noticed for both crack cases. The generation mechanism and mode components of the new wave packets are investigated by studying the particle motion through the plate thickness. A damage index is proposed based on the spectral amplitude ratio between the second harmonic and the excitation frequency for the breathing crack. The damage index is found capable of estimating the presence and severity of the breathing crack. The paper finishes with summary and conclusions.
2

Gaul, Lothar, e Jens Becker. "Vibration Reduction by Passive and Semi-Active Friction Joints". In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-65190.

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Reduction of structural vibrations is of major interest in mechanical engineering for lowering sound emission of vibrating structures, improving accuracy of machines and increasing structure durability. Besides optimization of the mechanical design or various types of passive damping treatments, active structural vibration control concepts are efficient means to reduce unwanted vibrations. In this contribution, two different semi-active control concepts for vibration reduction are proposed that adapt the normal force of attached friction dampers. Thereby, semi-active control concepts generally possess the advantage over active control that the closed loop is intrinsically stable and that less energy is required for the actuation than in active control. In the chosen experimental implementation, a piezoelectric stack actuators is used to apply adjustable normal forces between a structure and an attached friction damper. Simulation and experimental results of a benchmark structure with passive and semi-actively controlled friction dampers are compared for stationary narrow-band excitation.
3

Lane, Jeffrey, e Aldo Ferri. "Control of a flexible structure using combined active and semi-active element". In 36th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1995-1236.

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Charon, W. "Structural design of active precision structures". In First European Conference on Smart Structures and Materials. SPIE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2298094.

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Winston, Howard A., Fanping Sun e Balkrishna S. Annigeri. "Structural Health Monitoring With Piezoelectric Active Sensors". In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0051.

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A technology for non-intrusive real-time structural health monitoring using piezoelectric active sensors is presented. The approach is based on monitoring variations of the coupled electromechanical impedance of piezoelectric patches bonded to metallic structures in high-frequency bands. In each of these applications, a single piezoelectric element is used as both an actuator and a sensor. The resulting electromechanical coupling makes the frequency-dependent electric impedance spectrum of the PZT sensor a good mapping of the underlying structure’s acoustic signature. Moreover, incipient structural damage can be indicated by deviations of this signature from its original baseline pattern. Unique features of this technology include its high sensitivity to structural damage, non-intrusiveness to the host structure, and low cost of implementation. These features have potential for enabling on-board damage monitoring of critical or inaccessible aerospace structures and components, such as aircraft wing joints, and both internal and external jet engine components. Several exploratory applications will be discussed.
6

Steadman, D., S. Hanagud e S. Atluri. "Experiments towards active delamination control". In 36th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1995-1385.

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AGNES, GREGORY, e KEVIN NAPOLITANO. "ACTIVE CONSTRAINED LAYER VISCOELASTIC DAMPING". In 34th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1993-1702.

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LURIE, B., J. FANSON e R. LASKIN. "Active suspensions for vibration isolation". In 32nd Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1991-1232.

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CHEN, JAY-CHUNG, e JAMES FANSON. "System identification test using active members". In 30th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1989-1290.

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FANSON, J., G. BLACKWOOD e C. CHU. "Active-member control of precision structures". In 30th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1989-1329.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Structures actives":

1

Fuller, Chris R. Active Structural Acoustic Control and Smart Structures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, settembre 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada248341.

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2

Farrar, C., W. Baker, J. Fales e D. Shevitz. Active vibration control of civil structures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembre 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/400183.

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Shiroma, Wayne A., e Jung-Chih Chiao. Active and Reconfigurable Photonic-Bandgap Structures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzo 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada411049.

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Canto, Patricia, a cura di. 2022 Basque Country Competitiveness Report. Foundations of competitiveness in times of uncertainty. Universidad de Deusto, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/mhzr4339.

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Abstract (sommario):
In circumstances of high uncertainty, both recent performance and competitiveness fundamentals need to be well understood. Structured around our territorial competitiveness for wellbeing framework, the Basque Country Competitiveness. Report 2022 offers an analysis of the situation in the Basque Country, with the aim of identifying actions that will underpin future competitiveness beyond the current economic situation. The first chapter of this report presents an up-to-date analysis of the Basque Country’s performance in wellbeing and economic/business dimensions. The next two chapters analyse key dimensions of the structural context of the Basque Country: economic structure (Chapter 2) and demographics and personal values (Chapter 3). In turn, Chapter 4 analyses recent developments in the main indicators for the six dynamic levers of competitiveness in the Basque Country. In addition to pinpointing several specific points of action for each lever, the Report concludes with five priority cross-cutting actions to guide the activities of firms, governments and other stakeholders.
5

Wilks, Yorick, Michael Coombs, Roger T. Hartley e Dihong Qiu. Active Knowledge Structures for Natural Language Processing. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, gennaio 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada245893.

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Brei, Diann, Jonathan Luntz e Julianna Abel. Active Knits for Radical Change Air Force Structures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, ottobre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada579083.

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Fernandez, Jasmine, Michaela Bonnett, Teri Garstka e Meaghan Kennedy. Exploring Social Care Network Structures. Orange Sparkle Ball, giugno 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.61152/hdnz4028https://www.orangesparkleball.com/innovation-library-blog/2024/5/30/sunbelt2024-exploring-social-care-network-structures.

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This research is grounded in the theory that scale-free networks form between many organizations in a community when coordinating social care services and influential hubs in the network emerge (Barabási & Réka, 1999).We explore the variability in the structures of social care networks, focusing on how the diverse needs of community members and the array of providers influence these structures. We posit that the architecture of these networks may hold the key to discerning patterns in community health and social outcomes. Our study examines the resilience of social care networks, defining them as systems designed to enhance interactions among all nodes to meet diverse community needs. We discuss community as a network and community resilience as a process, introducing three key properties—scale-free, small world, and hubness/information spreading scores, for understanding network resilience. We analyzed 20 social care networks, which have been active over an 18-month period using the referral technology tool to send and receive service referrals, providing raw interaction data among organizational nodes. We focused on two primary objectives: 1) Social care networks are more likely to exhibit scale-free properties and contain influential hubs; and 2) There is significant variability among social care networks in terms of scale-free properties and centrality measures. Using the three properties—small world, scale-free, and hubness/information spreading scores—we classified the 20 social care networks into different structural profiles. We analyzed node,edge radius, diameter, to understand the network structure characteristics. Our findings highlighted four distinct network structures, which we ranked from most to least resilient. We discussed the implications of these structures on community-level outcomes, including the potential centralized vulnerability when hubs and information spreaders overlap, creating efficiency during normal operations but also increasing vulnerability to disruptions. Our findings offer insights into the emergent properties of complex systems, particularly in networks intentionally designed to enhance resilience and meet diverse community needs. We conclude by discussing the variability in centrality and structural metrics within the identified groups and propose future research directions to explore the long-term impact of these network structures.
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Fernandez, Jasmine, Michaela Bonnett, Teri Garstka e Meaghan Kennedy. Exploring Social Care Network Structures. Orange Sparkle Ball, giugno 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.61152/hdnz4028.

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Abstract (sommario):
This research is grounded in the theory that scale-free networks form between many organizations in a community when coordinating social care services and influential hubs in the network emerge (Barabási & Réka, 1999).We explore the variability in the structures of social care networks, focusing on how the diverse needs of community members and the array of providers influence these structures. We posit that the architecture of these networks may hold the key to discerning patterns in community health and social outcomes. Our study examines the resilience of social care networks, defining them as systems designed to enhance interactions among all nodes to meet diverse community needs. We discuss community as a network and community resilience as a process, introducing three key properties—scale-free, small world, and hubness/information spreading scores, for understanding network resilience. We analyzed 20 social care networks, which have been active over an 18-month period using the referral technology tool to send and receive service referrals, providing raw interaction data among organizational nodes. We focused on two primary objectives: 1) Social care networks are more likely to exhibit scale-free properties and contain influential hubs; and 2) There is significant variability among social care networks in terms of scale-free properties and centrality measures. Using the three properties—small world, scale-free, and hubness/information spreading scores—we classified the 20 social care networks into different structural profiles. We analyzed node,edge radius, diameter, to understand the network structure characteristics. Our findings highlighted four distinct network structures, which we ranked from most to least resilient. We discussed the implications of these structures on community-level outcomes, including the potential centralized vulnerability when hubs and information spreaders overlap, creating efficiency during normal operations but also increasing vulnerability to disruptions. Our findings offer insights into the emergent properties of complex systems, particularly in networks intentionally designed to enhance resilience and meet diverse community needs. We conclude by discussing the variability in centrality and structural metrics within the identified groups and propose future research directions to explore the long-term impact of these network structures.
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Noble, Richard D., e Douglas L. Gin. Novel Nanocomposite Structures as Active and Passive Barrier Materials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, giugno 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada533484.

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Sadek, Fahim, e Bijan Mohraz. Semi-active control algorithms for structures with variable dampers. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.6052.

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