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1
Jankowiak, Iwona, e Arkadiusz Madaj. "Numerical Analysis of Effectiveness of Strengthening Concrete Slab in Tension of the Steel-Concrete Composite Beam Using Pretensioned CFRP Strips". Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 27, n. 4 (20 dicembre 2017): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ceer-2017-0046.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract One of the methods to increase the load carrying capacity of the reinforced concrete (RC) structure is its strengthening by using carbon fiber (CFRP) strips. There are two methods of strengthening using CFRP strips - passive method and active method. In the passive method a strip is applied to the concrete surface without initial strains, unlike in the active method a strip is initially pretensioned before its application. In the case of a steel-concrete composite beam, strips may be used to strengthen the concrete slab located in the tension zone (in the parts of beams with negative bending moments). The finite element model has been developed and validated by experimental tests to evaluate the strengthening efficiency of the composite girder with pretensioned CFRP strips applied to concrete slab in its tension zone.
2
BUCHER, O., R. A. HOLLEY, R. AHMED, H. TABOR, C. NADON, L. K. NG e J. Y. D'AOUST. "Occurrence and Characterization of Salmonella from Chicken Nuggets, Strips, and Pelleted Broiler Feed". Journal of Food Protection 70, n. 10 (1 ottobre 2007): 2251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-70.10.2251.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Raw, frozen chicken nuggets and strips have been identified as a significant risk factor in contracting foodborne salmonellosis. Cases of salmonellosis as a result of consuming partly cooked chicken nuggets may be due in part to Salmonella strains originating in broiler feed. This study was undertaken to determine the occurrence and characterize the strains of Salmonella contaminating chicken nuggets, strips, and pelleted feeds, in an attempt to demonstrate whether the same Salmonella strains present in broiler feed could be isolated from raw, frozen chicken nuggets and strips available for human consumption. Salmonellae were recovered using the Health Canada MFHPB-20 method for the isolation and identification of Salmonella from foods. Strains were characterized by serotyping, phage typing, antimicrobial resistance typing (R-typing), and by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Salmonellae were isolated from 25-g samples in 27% (n = 92) of nugget and strip samples, 95% (n = 20) of chicken nugget meat samples, and from 9% (n = 111) of pelleted feed samples. Salmonella Heidelberg, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Salmonella Orion were the most commonly isolated serovars from chicken nuggets and strips, nugget and strip meat, and pelleted broiler feeds, respectively. Salmonella Enteritidis phage type (PT) 13a with PFGE pattern SENXAI.0006 and R-type sensitive as well as Salmonella Enteritidis PT13a with PFGE pattern SENXAI.0068 and R-type sensitive were isolated from pelleted feed, and chicken nugget and strip meat in two separate instances. Data showed that Salmonella strains isolated from broiler feed were indistinguishable from strains isolated from packaged raw, frozen chicken nuggets and strips. However, results did not rule out the possibility that breeding stock or contamination during processing may have contributed to chicken meat contamination by Salmonella.
3
ZHANG, HAIXIA, DI ZHANG, XIAO QIN, HUI WANG e LIN LI. "STUDY OF THE TRANSVERSAL DEFORMATION OF CORNEAL STRIP UNDER UNIAXIAL LOADING". Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 18, n. 07 (novembre 2018): 1840018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519418400183.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Uniaxial test is easy to access and to obtain accuracy data, but it is difficult to acquire two-dimensional deformation information. We investigated the relationship between the two strain components of corneal strip in uniaxial tests, which is the basis for determining of anisotropic strain energy function of cornea via uniaxial tests. Nine rabbits were taken. The left and right corneas were cut along superior-inferior (SI) and nasal-temporal (NT) direction, respectively. For each strip the uniaxial test was carried out, and the tensile displacements, strip images and loads were recorded. Then the stretching strain, the transversal strains and stress were obtained. Optimization based inverse analysis was utilized to find the best among six fitting models that characterizes the relationship between two strain components in uniaxial tests. All models fitted well the experimental data gathered for corneal strips ([Formula: see text]). According to the model selection index, the power model achieved the best performance index: 0.1268 for SI strips and 0.1063 for NT strips versus 0.151 (SI strips) and 0.107 (NT strips) found at most by other models. Thus, it is the most suitable one for describing the relationship between the two strain components of corneal strip during uniaxial stretching.
4
Rai, Sumit, Mukta Tandon, Narendra Pal Singh, Vikas Manchanda e Iqbal Rajinder Kaur. "Development, optimization, standardization, and validation of a simple in-house agar gradient method to determine minimum inhibitory concentration of vancomycin for Staphylococcus aureus". Journal of Laboratory Physicians 11, n. 03 (luglio 2019): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jlp.jlp_11_19.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract BACKGROUND: The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute recommends reporting minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of vancomycin for Staphylococcus aureus. Commercial MIC strips are expensive, and the traditional broth microdilution method is cumbersome. With this background, we attempted to develop and standardize an in-house agar gradient method to determine MIC values of vancomycin for S. aureus. OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate an in-house vancomycin MIC strip, based on simple agar gradient method for S. aureus as per bioassay development guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Filter paper gradient strips were made in house and impregnated with varying concentrations of vancomycin to create an antibiotic gradient. During standardization, MICs of ninety clinical strains of S. aureus and ATCC 29213 were tested by the broth microdilution and commercial strip followed by the in-house strip. During the validation stage, MICs of ninety different clinical strains of S. aureus and ATCC 29213 were determined by the in-house strip followed by MIC detection by broth microdilution and commercial strips. A reading of more than ± 1log2 dilution compared with broth microdilution was considered as an outlier. RESULTS: During the initial stage, there were 7/90 outliers in the clinical strains, and no outliers were seen with the ATCC 29213 control strain. Corrective action included increasing precaution during the antibiotic impregnation on the strip. During validation stage, only 4/90 outliers were observed in the clinical strains. The commercial strips had 29/90 among clinical and 15/30 outliers in the control strain during the prevalidation phase. Despite maintaining cold chain during the validation phase, the outliers for commercial strip were 18/90 and 4/30 for clinical and control strains, respectively. CONCLUSION: Reporting vancomycin MIC for S. aureus may be attempted using the in-house method after validating it with a gold standard broth microdilution method and quality control as per protocol.
5
Daamen, Markus, Daniel Dávalos Julca e Gerhard Hirt. "Tailored Strips by Welding, Strip Profile Rolling and Twin Roll Casting". Advanced Materials Research 907 (aprile 2014): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.907.29.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Conventional strips can be converted into tailored strips by further processing such as rolling and welding. Tailored strips have a thickness or thickness distribution which is designed according to the expected loads. A new approach for the production of tailored strips is the twin roll casting of profiled strips. This technology combines the advantages of direct strip casting and the production of steel strip with an optimized cross section. In this paper the achievable process limits regarding the geometry of tailored strips with varying thickness in the cross section made by strip profile rolling, twin roll casting and welding are discussed and compared. Furthermore, experiments to demonstrate the suitability of twin roll casting to produce tailored strips made of AISI 304 stainless steel are treated. A selected tailored strip geometry of 150 x 1.5 mm2 (width x thickness) with a difference in strip thickness of 33% over the width was cast.
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Haga, Toshio, Hiroshi Tsuge, Shinji Kumai e Hisaki Watari. "A Roll Caster to Cast Clad Strip". Key Engineering Materials 554-557 (giugno 2013): 1902–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.554-557.1902.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A tandem-type roll caster that can cast a three-layered clad strip was developed by mounting one twin roll caster on another twin roll caster. In this caster, the base strip is cast by the upper twin roll caster, and the overlay strips are cast by the lower caster. The three strips are metallurgically bonded by the lower caster. This study investigated three aspects of this caster. First, the clad ratio could be controlled by the solidification lengths of strips from the upper and lower twin roll casters, and a clad ratio of 1:8:1 was attained. Second, although it is known that fabrication of clad strips from Al-Mg alloy and other Al alloys is very difficult, the clad strip with the Al-Mg alloy as the base strip or the overlay strip could be cast. Finally, by adding scrapers, the caster could cast the clad strip with a base strip having a lower melting point than the overlay strip. Element strips of the clad strip are made by many processes, such as direct chill (DC) casting, scraping of the ingot surface, heat treatment, hot rolling, and cold rolling. Typically, surface treatment and hot rolling are used to clad the strips. Since many processes are required, clad strips require consume much energy. Therefore, producing clad strips is expensive. A vertical-type tandem twin roll caster was developed to cast clad strips. This caster has the advantages of process saving and energy saving, and so can fabricate economical clad strips. In the fabrication of clad strips, control of the clad ratio is very important. In the brazing sheet for automobile radiators, the base strip is made from AA3003 and the overlay strips are made from AA4045, and the clad ratio is usually 1:8:1. In the present study, a clad strip with a clad ratio of 1:8:1 was attained. The cladding by hot rolling of Al-Mg and other aluminum alloys, which is considered to be a very difficult process, was also investigated. Clad strips with either a base strip or an overlay strip of an Al-Mg alloy were cast by the roll caster. Although the cladding was not easy, the Al-Mg alloy could be cast into the clad strip. In addition, a clad strip with a base strip having a lower melting point than that of the overlay strip was investigated. Such cladding cannot be cast by the vertical-type tandem twin roll caster as mentioned above because the base strip is re-melted from the heat of the overlay strips. In the present study, a scraper was developed and adopted to cast a clad strip with a base having a lower melting point than that of the overlay strips. This type of clad strip could be cast because the scrapers prevented the re-melting of the base strip. In this paper, these three aspects of fabrication are reported.
7
Gao, Huilin, Jian Feng, You Yin, Wanjin Hu, Yang Qu e Mingguo Liu. "Effect of strip shelterwood-cuts on the crown morphology plasticity of natural regenerated Pinus tabuliformis saplings in northeastern China". PeerJ 8 (26 agosto 2020): e9826. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9826.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The study analysed the effect of shelterwood-cut strips on the outermost crown profiles and crown characteristics of naturally regenerated Pinus tabuliformis saplings in northeastern China. A total of 49 regenerated saplings from shelterwood-cut strips and 30 from uncut strips were collected. Nonlinear quantile regression was used to develop the outermost crown profile model for the saplings from the shelterwood-cut and uncut strips. The quantile value suitable for describing the outermost crown profiles of the two types of strips was selected using nonparametric boundary regression. The difference in crown morphologies between the shelterwood-cut strips and uncut strips was compared. The results showed that with the same diameter at breast height, the crown radii of the uncut strip saplings were larger than those of the shelterwood-cut strip saplings within the range of 0.2–1.0 for the relative depth into the crown. The largest crown radius of the saplings from the uncut strips was larger than that of the saplings from the shelterwood-cut strips. The inflection points of the shelterwood-cut strip sapling crowns were larger than those of the uncut strip sapling crowns. The crown volume of the small uncut strip saplings was larger than that of the shelterwood-cut strip saplings, and the difference in crown volume decreased with increasing sapling size. The saplings in the early stage of the uncut strips showed a greater growth rate than those of the shelterwood-cut strips, but their growth rate slowed over the long term according to branch-length annual growth. The present study provides a reference for forest management strategy decision making in promoting natural regeneration.
8
Nakamura, Ryoji, Masakazu Sawai, Ryoji Nakamura, H. Watari e S. Kumai. "Casting of Clad Strip by an Unequal Diameter Twin Roll Caster". Materials Science Forum 638-642 (gennaio 2010): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.413.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
An unequal diameter twin roll caster which can cast clad strips was devised and assembled. The casting of the clad strip was tried, and fabrication of the clad strip was attained. This twin roll caster was planned for the process saving. The clad strip was assembled directly from AA3003 molten metal and AA4045 molten metal at speed of 20m/min. The Si-diffusion-area between the strips was very narrow, and the interface between the strips was clear. The strips were bonded firmly. The strips were not pealed by the cold rolling and the continuous bending.
9
Zhang, Yang, Wenguang Li, Yijian Hu, Zhiquan Huang, Yan Peng e Zhibing Chu. "Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Behavior of Pure Aluminum Ultra-Thin Strip under Roller Vibration". Metals 14, n. 6 (24 maggio 2024): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14060617.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
As the demand for lithium-ion batteries increases, higher quality requirements are being placed on pure aluminum ultra-thin strips, one of the main materials used in lithium-ion battery current collectors. Roller vibration during the rolling process of pure aluminum ultra-thin strips is unavoidable and significantly affects the quality of the strips. This paper uses 1A99 pure aluminum ultra-thin strips as raw materials and employs a controlled vibration method during the rolling process to obtain products under two conditions: stable rolling and vibrational rolling. The surface and cross-section of the aluminum strips were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the microstructure of the surface and cross-section was studied using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technology. The results show that, during stable rolling, the surface quality of the aluminum strip is good without defects. Under vibration, obvious vibration marks appear on the surface of the aluminum strip, showing characteristics of peaks and troughs. With the increase in strain at the trough position, there is a transition from low-angle grain boundaries to high-angle grain boundaries, and the grain size is uneven at the peak and trough positions, with noticeable grain refinement at the troughs. At the same time, under the influence of vibration, the aluminum strip induces a different texture morphology from conventional rolling. Due to the different plastic strains at the peak and trough positions, a texture alternation phenomenon occurs at these positions. The tensile test results indicate that aluminum strips exhibit poor mechanical properties under roller vibration, with the reduction in mechanical performance primarily attributed to the uneven microstructure distribution caused by roller vibration.
10
Sulastiningsih, I. M., Surdiding Ruhendi, Muh Yusram Massijaya, I. Wayan Darmawan e Adi Santoso. "Effects of Nodes on the Properties of Laminated Bamboo Lumber". Wood Research Journal 4, n. 1 (19 aprile 2017): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51850/wrj.2013.4.1.19-24.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of node on the properties of laminated bamboo lumber (LBL) glued with water based polymer-isocyanate adhesive. Bamboo strips for LBL fabrication were prepared from andong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea) collected from private gardens in West Java. Each bamboo strip has dimension of 40 cm x 2 cm x 0.5 cm. The bamboo strips were assigned into 3 groups by the node positions: without node, with node position of 10 cm from one end of the bamboo strip, and with node position in the centre of the bamboo strip. Prior LBL fabrication, the bamboo strips were treated by cold soaking in 7% boron solution for 2 h. The laboratory scale 3-layer laminated bamboo lumbers were manufactured with 5 different layer compositions: all layers made of bamboo strips without node, inner layer made of bamboo strips with nodes at 10 cm from one end of the strip, inner layer made of bamboo strips with nodes at the centre of the strip, all layers made of bamboo strips with nodes at 10 cm from one end of the strip, and all layers made of bamboo strips with nodes at the centre of the strip. The glue spread and cold pressing time applied were 250 g/m2 and 1 h, respectively.The results showed that the average density, moisture content, thickness swelling, bending strength and compression strength of laminated bamboo lumbers were 0.74 g/cm3, 11.3%, 2.9%, 1090 kg/cm2,and560 kg/ cm2, respectively. No delamination occurred in all samples, indicating high bonding quality. The average bonding strength (dry test) of laminated bamboo lumbers was 70.3 kg/cm2. Several properties of laminated bamboo lumber were not significantly affected by the present of nodes in the bamboo strips except the thickness swelling and compression strength.
11
Ballard, JWO. "Colonization of Perspex Strips by Larvae of Austrosimulium-Bancrofti (Taylor) Near Willawarin, Nsw". Australian Journal of Zoology 39, n. 2 (1991): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9910201.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A total of 14 113 larvae of the taxon Austrosimulium bancrofti (Taylor) was collected from perspex strips placed in the MacLeay River. The method of multiple mixture modelling separated larvae into seven instars. Highest numbers of instar III and fewest of instar VII were collected. Significant effects influencing colonisation of the perspex strips were incorporated into a statistical model. This permitted generation of fitted estimates of the number of larvae colonising strips under defined conditions. Fitted captures indicated that higher numbers of larvae colonised strips with increasing water depths (7 less-than-or-equal-to X less-than-or-equal-to 46 cm) and when there was no vegetation beneath the strips. Strip texture, quadratic terms for distance from one river bank and their interaction significantly influenced numbers collected. Fitted estimates demonstrated fewest larvae colonised strips in midstream but this decline was most distinct for the smooth strips. Quadratic terms for water velocity and their interaction with strip thickness also influenced larval colonisation. Fitted estimates were highest when water velocity was in the range 1.05-1.25 m s-1 for each strip thickness.
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A. MacDonald, Michael, Robert J. Taylor e Steven G. Candy. "Bird assemblages in wildlife habitat strips in a Tasmanian plantation matrix". Pacific Conservation Biology 8, n. 2 (2002): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc020082.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In Tasmania, a system of 100 m wide strips of native forest, referred to as wildlife habitat strips, is retained within production forest, including plantations. Thirty-nine points in 18 wildlife habitat strips within both eucalypt and pine plantations (which were not differentiated for the purposes of the present study) were paired with points in nearby extensive native forest and surveyed for birds. At non-riparian sites (upper slopes and ridges), bird species richness and total abundance were both significantly lower in habitat strips than in controls. This difference is quantitative rather than qualitative, as ordination did not distinguish strip sites and controls, and no species were obviously absent from habitat strips. Riparian zones showed no significant difference in species richness and total abundance between habitat strips and controls. Species richness and total abundance relative to controls increased as wildlife habitat strip length increased over the measured range (0.4-2.1 km). It is thought that this may be because birds perceive strips as linear forest patches rather than corridors, so that there may be a habitat area effect. Other strip characteristics such as width and plantation age were not significant in riparian areas, but may be important on upper slopes and ridges, and the former will affect strip area. Wildlife habitat strips appear to be a valuable component of a conservation programme for birds in production forests in Tasmania.
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Karlinsky, J. B., J. T. Bowers, J. V. Fredette e J. Evans. "Thermoelastic properties of uniaxially deformed lung strips". Journal of Applied Physiology 58, n. 2 (1 febbraio 1985): 459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1985.58.2.459.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We examined the temperature dependence of small degassed hamster lung strip mechanics to develop insights into the molecular basis of lung elasticity. Quasi-static length-tension curves of adapted lung strips were generated at 10, 23, 37, 50, and 80 degrees C; quasi-static tension-temperature plots (QSTT) at strains of 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 were then formulated. Static tension-temperature (STT) plots at strain 1 were independently generated from other strips. Stress relaxation was evaluated as a function of temperature at different strains; hysteresis ratio was calculated as a parameter of mechanical efficiency. Between 23 and 37 degrees C, the slopes of the QSTT plots at the different strains were close to zero. The slope of the STT plot was slightly positive, indicating that the tension developed by a stretched strip was primarily due to entropic changes with length, suggesting that strips behave like rubber polymers near physiological temperature. Between 10 and 23 degrees C, the slope of the QSTT curve was zero at the two lowest strains but was negative at strain 1; and slope of the STT curve was zero at strain 1. These data indicated that collagen fiber and possibly glycosaminoglycan function was abnormally affected at 10 degrees C. Between 50 and 80 degrees C at strain 1, the slopes of both the QSTT and STT plots at all strains were positive. These data suggested that elastic fiber function was altered between 50 and 80 degrees C such that both internal energetic and entropic contributions to the tension were changed. Stress relaxation and hysteresis data were consistent with these findings.
14
Nakamura, Ryoji, Masakazu Sawai, Ryoji Nakamura, Takanori Yamabayashi, Shinji Kumai e Hisaki Watari. "Roll Casting of Three Layers Clad Strip". Key Engineering Materials 443 (giugno 2010): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.443.128.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A roll caster, which could cast the three layers of clad strip directly from the molten metal, was designed, assembled and tested. The base strip was AA3003 aluminum alloy and overlay strips were AA4045 aluminum alloy. An unequal diameter twin roll caster was modified to cast clad strip. Two small rolls were amounted on a large roll. A scraper plate was used to prevent the mixture of the different kinds of melts. The casting of three strips and the connecting of strips could be operated by one roll caster. The interfaces between the strips were clear, and the mixture of the melt did not occur. The clad strip could be cold rolled without the annealing. The clad strip did not peel at connecting surface by the cold rolling and continuous bending. The strips were connected strictly. The casting speed was 20m/min, and this speed was much higher than the casting speed of the conventional twin roll caster for aluminum alloys.
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Izadi, Hossein, e Hamid Pesaran Behbahani. "Deformation Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Two-Way Slabs Strengthened with Different Widths and Configurations of GFRP". Civil Engineering Journal 3, n. 11 (10 dicembre 2017): 1121. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-030942.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this paper, we conducted a numerical analysis of the deformation behavior of Steel-reinforced concrete (RC) two-way slabs strengthened by glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) with different widths and configurations. A total number of 36 RC slabs of cm were used in this numerical study. Also, a column of was considered in the center of the slab for applying static loading. The bonded GFRP strips had 5, 7.5 and 10 cm width (W) and configured in three models called PM1, PM2, and DM. In PM1 (strip length = 2.4 m) and PM2 (strip length =1.7 m) configurations, the strips were bonded in two directions parallel to the sides of the slab, while in DM configuration (strip length =1.7 m), strips were rotated with 45 degree angle around the central axis that is perpendicular to the surface of the slab. According to the comparison results, we found out that the 5-cm wide strips with PM1 configuration having a parallel space of 0.5 times the strip width ( ) greatly reduced the deformation of RC two-way slab compared to other strip widths and configurations, while strips under all configurations, highly increased the deformation when space between strips varied from to .
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Haga, Toshio, Kentaro Okamura, Hisaki Warari e Shinichi Nishida. "Three-Layer Clad Strip Casting Using a Vertical Type Tandem Twin Roll Caster". Key Engineering Materials 773 (luglio 2018): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.773.171.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper shows improvements made to a vertical type tandem twin roll caster and the appropriate casting conditions necessary to cast three-layer clad strips, the base strip of which has a lower solidification temperature than the overlay strip. In experiments, 4045 aluminum alloy was used for the base strip and 3003 aluminum alloy was used for the overlay strips. The roll speed was 30 m/min. By connecting the overlay strips to the base strip one at a time and cooling the base strip to between 450 and 530°C after applying the first overlay strip, a sound three-layer clad strip – defined as one in which the interfaces between strips are clear and do not separate during bending-to-failure tests – could be cast. The tensile shear testing between the base and second overlay strip was improved as the base-strip temperature was increased to 450-530°C range.
17
Nakamura, Ryoji, Ryoji Nakamura, Shinji Kumai e Hisaki Watari. "Casting of Aluminum Alloy Clad Strip Using a Vertical Type Tandem Twin Roll Caster". Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (marzo 2010): 1053–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.1053.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A vertical type tandem twin roll caster which can cast clad strip was devised and assembled. The casting of the clad strip was tried. The three layers clad strip could be cast by a vertical type tandem twin roll caster at only one process. The clad strip was connected directly from AA8079 and AA6022 at roll speed of 30m/min. The diffusion area between the strips was very narrow. The interface between the strips was clear and flat. The strips were bonded firmly.
18
Ruel, Jean-Claude. "Régénération des interbandes dans un système de coupe par bandes de peuplements d'épinette noire". Forestry Chronicle 65, n. 5 (1 ottobre 1989): 372–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc65372-5.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A study on the regeneration of leave strips in an alternate strip clearcutting system was conducted in black spruce stands (Picea mariana [Mill.] BSP) in Abitibi in northwestern Quebec. The study consists of 49 leave strips scheduled for harvesting and 24 adjacent first-cut strips. Winter harvesting gave the best results while a prescription aiming at preserving advance growth did not result in any gain. Site moisture regime and harvesting system had no effect on advance growth destruction. Regeneration on first-cut strips was not significantly affected by the cutting of the leave strip.
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Samuel, Andi Trimulyono, Parlindungan Manik e Deddy Chrismianto. "A Numerical Study of Spray Strips Analysis on Fridsma Hull Form". Fluids 6, n. 11 (22 novembre 2021): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids6110420.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Spray strips are deflectors added to the hull to reduce the Wetted Surface Area (WSA). The reduced WSA will decrease the total ship drag caused by the deflection of the spray strip installation. The research aimed to predict the function of the spray strip to improve ship performance using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The numerical approach in this study used the Finite Volume Method (FVM) with the RANS (Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes) equation to solve fluid dynamics problems. VOF (Volume of Fluid) was used to model the water and air phases. The results of this study indicated that the number of spray strips would have a significant effect compared to without using a spray strip. Spray strips with three strips could reduce the total resistance by 4.9% at Fr 1.78. Spray strips would increase the total resistance value by 2.1% at low speeds. Spray strips were effective for reducing total resistance at Fr > 1 or the planing mode conditions. The total resistance prediction used three suggestion profiles with the best performance to reduce total resistance by 6.0% at Fr 1.78.
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Cors, M., e B. Tychon. "Grassed buffer strips as nitrate diffuse pollution remediation tools: management impact on the denitrification enzyme activity". Water Science and Technology 55, n. 3 (1 febbraio 2007): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.068.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The management of grassed buffer strips proved to be an efficient remediation technique in controlling nitrogen losses to surface water. In south Belgium, agri-environmental policies have encouraged farmers to seed buffer strips along rivers, in zones where the soil was previously devoted to agricultural production. We wanted to assess how important denitrification is in a buffer strip in comparison with a cropped field. The study investigated the denitrifiying enzyme activity (DEA) of two contiguous buffer strips with different management stories. The eastern part of the buffer strip was seeded in 1999. The western part of the buffer strip is a piece of crop field abandoned by the farmer 20 years ago and not managed for the last 10 years. This experimental study demonstrates that the denitrification enzyme activity in a riparian buffer strip is significantly higher than in the adjacent cropped field (3.67 and 2.12 mgNkg–1d−1 respectively). The DEA was significantly different between the two buffer strips under comparison, assessing that the management of the buffer strips has a dominant effect on DEA. The old unmown buffer strip is potentially more efficient in the nitrate removal process than the 6-year-old seeded buffer strip.
21
Achilihu, Honest, June Feng, Lanqing Wang e John T. Bernert. "Tobacco Use Classification by Inexpensive Urinary Cotinine Immunoassay Test Strips". Journal of Analytical Toxicology 43, n. 2 (3 novembre 2018): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/bky075.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Urinary cotinine is one of the most commonly measured biomarkers reflecting recent exposure to nicotine. In some cases a simple qualitative dichotomization of smokers and non-smokers is all that is required. NicAlert® test strips have been evaluated for this purpose, but other recently introduced, inexpensive single-line test strips have not. In this study we evaluated two such strips with nominal cutoffs of 200 and 10 ng/mL. A total of 800 urine samples with known cotinine concentrations determined by an LC–MS-MS method were examined, including 400 urine samples ranging from 0.23 to more than 24,000 ng/mL by the 200 ng/mL strip, and 400 samples with concentrations <200 ng/mL by the 10 ng/mL cutoff strip. Both test strips performed well in these evaluations. Classification relative to LC–MS-MS by the 200 ng/mL strips had a sensitivity of 99.5% and specificity of 92%, with 95.8% accuracy. The 10 ng/mL strips had a sensitivity of 98.7% and specificity of 90.1%, with 93.3% accuracy. The positive predictive value for the 200 ng/mL strips was 92.6% and the negative predictive value was 99.5%. For the 10 ng/mL strips, the corresponding values were 85.4 and 99.2%, respectively. The prevalence of positive samples was 50% in the 200 ng/mL group, and 37% in the 10 ng/mL set. Each strip was read by two readers with an overall agreement of >98%. Our results suggest that these simple and inexpensive lateral flow immunoassay test strips can provide useful qualitative estimates of nicotine exposures for appropriate applications within the inherent limitations of sensitivity and precision of the immunoassay test strip format.
22
Shaughnessy, Edward L. "A First Reading of the Shanghai Museum Bamboo-Strip Manuscript of the Zhou Yi". Early China 30 (2005): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0362502800002169.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study introduces a bamboo-strip manuscript of the Zhou Yi or Zhou Changes purchased by the Shanghai Museum in 1994. The fragmentary manuscript includes 58 strips, about one-third of the received text of the Zhou Yi. Orthographic features suggest that it was copied in the southern state of Chu about 300 B.C.E. Although the manuscript includes numerous orthographic variants vis-à-vis the received text, it does show that the text was stable by this date of copying. The most unusual feature of the manuscript is a pair of symbols written after the hexagram name and at the end of the hexagram text. Although several explanations of these symbols have been advanced, none of them appears to be convincing to date. A final question about the manuscript concerns the sequence of hexagrams in it. Since the binding straps of the manuscript had already decayed and the strips become disordered, and since each hexagram text begins on a new bamboo strip, no sequence is apparent. However, the physical circumstances of the strips, especially the points at which they are broken, may suggest that the sequence was more or less similar to that of the received Zhou Yi.
23
Truong, Anh-Thu, Richard F. Louie, John H. Vy, Corbin M. Curtis, William J. Ferguson, Mandy Lam, Stephanie Sumner e Gerald J. Kost. "Effects of Humidity on Foil and Vial Packaging to Preserve Glucose and Lactate Test Strips for Disaster Readiness". Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 8, n. 1 (febbraio 2014): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2014.13.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractObjectiveEfficient emergency and disaster response is challenged by environmental conditions exceeding test reagent storage and operating specifications. We assessed the effectiveness of vial and foil packaging in preserving point-of-care (POC) glucose and lactate test strip performance in humid conditions.MethodsGlucose and lactate test strips in both packaging were exposed to mean relative humidity of 97.0 ± 1.1% in an environmental chamber for up to 168 hours. At defined time points, stressed strips were removed and tested in pairs with unstressed strips using whole blood samples spiked to glucose concentrations of 60, 100, and 250 mg/dL (n = 20 paired measurements per level). A Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare stressed and unstressed test strip measurements.ResultsStressed glucose and lactate test strip measurements differed significantly from unstressed strips, and were inconsistent between experimental trials. Median glucose paired difference was as high as 12.5 mg/dL at the high glucose test concentration. Median lactate bias was −0.2 mmol/L. Stressed strips from vial (3) and foil (7) packaging failed to produce results.ConclusionsBoth packaging designs appeared to protect glucose and lactate test strips for at least 1 week of high humidity stress. Documented strip failures revealed the need for improved manufacturing process. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2014;0:1–7)
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Zheng, Xiangwen, Jun Li e Chen He. "Research on Algorithm of Light Strip Center Extraction Based on Deep Learning". Academic Journal of Science and Technology 9, n. 1 (20 gennaio 2024): 101–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/rga2hn27.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In view of the phenomena such as under-exposure of light strips and noise interference caused by complex surfaces of objects, it is difficult for traditional light strip center extraction algorithm to achieve light strip center extraction. Therefore, this paper studies the extraction of light strip center line based on semantic segmentation network algorithm based on deep learning, uses deep learning algorithm to presegment light strips, and then uses gray prime-core method to extract light strips subpixel. Improve the stability and accuracy of center line extraction.
25
Saha, S. K., e P. Langille. "Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Characteristics of Laminar Flow Through a Circular Tube With Longitudinal Strip Inserts Under Uniform Wall Heat Flux". Journal of Heat Transfer 124, n. 3 (10 maggio 2002): 421–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1423907.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics in a circular tube fitted with full-length strip, short-length strip, and regularly spaced strip elements connected by thin circular rods have been investigated experimentally. The strips have been rectangular, square and crossed in cross-section with different aspect ratio. Laminar flow of water and other viscous liquids was considered. The rod diameter and length of the strip-rod assembly and the length of the strips were varied. Isothermal friction factor data has been generated. The heat transfer test section was heated electrically imposing axially and circumferentially constant wall heat flux (UWHF) boundary condition. Reynolds number, Prandtl number, strip length, strip ratio, space ratio, and rod-diameter govern the characteristics. Smaller rod-diameter in the strip-rod assembly or “pinching” of the strips in place rather than connecting the strip elements by rods performs better thermohydraulically. Short-length strips (upto a limited fraction of the test section tube length) perform better than the full-length strip. The friction factor correlation and the correlation for Nusselt number under UWHF condition for full-length strip have been modified to make them suitable for short-length strip as well as regularly-spaced strip elements. Thermal entrance length in the correlations is represented by Graetz number. Friction factor and Nusselt number correlations for short-length strips as well as regularly-spaced strip elements, in the limit, reduce to their full-length counterparts.
26
Tufuor, Ernest O. A., Laurence R. Rilett e Phil TenHulzen. "In-Vehicle Evaluation of Milled Rumble Strips in Pre– and Post–Chip Seal Maintenance Periods". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2612, n. 1 (gennaio 2017): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2612-06.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Driver fatigue and drowsiness can have a profound impact on safety. Centerline and shoulder rumble strips are popular countermeasures designed to produce audible and tactile warning when vehicles deviate from the travel lane onto the rumble strips. These warnings reduce the risk of lane departure crashes. Studies show that the noise produced by rumble strips is a function of many variables. Rumble strip depth is known to have the greatest impact in alerting drivers. However, chip seal pavement maintenance operations tend to reduce the original rumble strip design depth, which may have an impact on the functional effectiveness of the rumble strips. The purpose of this study was to conduct a controlled experiment to understand the relationship between milled rumble strip depth and noise and vibration in the vehicle cab. In-vehicle noise and vibration levels were collected on rumble strips of five depths (⅛, ¼, ⅜, ½, and ⅝ in.) and three types (shoulder, single centerline, and double centerline) on three highways in the state of Nebraska by two vehicles traveling at speeds of 45, 55, and 65 mph. Rumble strip depths at ⅛-in. intervals were used to simulate the influence of a chip seal on rumble strip effectiveness. From the in-vehicle sound and vibration levels of all the tested rumble strip depths, it can be hypothesized that a ⅛-in. reduction in the current milled rumble strip design depth, as a result of chip sealing, would not cause a practical reduction in the effectiveness of rumble strips producing audible and tactile warnings to alert drivers.
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Ward, John, Renee Ciesla, William Becker e Gilbert Marava Shanga. "Randomized Trials of Nasal Patency and Dermal Tolerability With External Nasal Dilators in Healthy Volunteers". Allergy & Rhinology 9 (gennaio 2018): 215265671879674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2152656718796740.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background External nasal dilator strips are used as nonpharmacological therapy to reduce snoring and daytime sleepiness. In a product improvement initiative, a marketed strip (BRNS) and 2 prototype nasal strips were evaluated. Objective To compare the nasal patency and multiple-use dermal tolerability of the BRNS and prototype nasal strips using both objective and subject-reported outcome measures. Methods Two studies were conducted separately in healthy volunteers ≥18 years of age. A single-day nasal patency randomized crossover study assessed minimal cross-sectional area (MCA; second restriction) and nasal volume (using acoustic rhinometry); nasal inspiratory flow and resistance (using posterior rhinomanometry); and subject-reported evaluations of the BRNS compared with the butterfly strip and teardrop strip prototypes. A single-center, randomized, controlled, parallel-group, evaluator-blinded study assessed dermal tolerability of the BRNS and the butterfly strip over 7 consecutive nights of use, using the Dermal Response Scale (DRS) and subject-reported comfort and ease of removal. Results In the Patency study (N = 50), all 3 strips demonstrated significant improvement from baseline in MCA, nasal volume, and nasal flow parameters (resistance and peak flow). The prototype strips demonstrated significantly more improvement in nasal volume than the BRNS, and the butterfly strip showed significantly more improvement in MCA than the BRNS; all strips were similar with respect to nasal flow and subject-reported nasal breathing outcomes. In the Dermal Tolerability study (N = 82), all subjects scored 0 (no evidence of irritation) on the DRS at all 7 morning assessments; the BRNS was numerically, but not significantly, superior to the butterfly strip on subject-reported outcomes. Conclusion The Patency study demonstrated significant improvement from baseline in nasal dimensions and flow for all 3 evaluated strips; between-strip differences were confined to nasal dimensions. Both the BRNS and butterfly strip were generally well tolerated, with no evidence of dermal response over 7 consecutive nights of use. ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT01105949 and NCT01495494
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Przondziono, Joanna, e Jan Szymszal. "Steel Strips Flattening in Ball Rolling Mill". Solid State Phenomena 165 (giugno 2010): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.165.153.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
An effective and efficient production method of narrow and thin strips made of steel, non-ferrous metals and their alloys is wire flattening in a ball rolling mill. In this device cylindrical rollers have been replaced with balls of diameter ca. 15 mm. Proper selection of deformation process parameters enables to obtain strips with the required geometrical characteristics. Experimental planning method was applied to evaluate the influence of flattening process technological parameters on strip geometrical features. Statistical analysis enabled to determine mathematical models of stainless steel 5XCrNi18-10 strips flattening. It was established that strip widening depends on ball roughness, draft applied, relation of wire diameter to ball diameter, back-tension stress. Strips flatness depends on draft applied. It was observed that strips feature uniform thickness over their width, parallel flat surfaces, narrow dimensional tolerance, high quality surface and naturally rounded edges.
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Park, Sung S., Jung G. Lee, Young S. Park e Nack J. Kim. "Fabrication of Mg Alloy Strips by Strip Casting". Materials Science Forum 419-422 (marzo 2003): 599–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.419-422.599.
Testo completo
30
Haga, Toshio. "Twin Roll Caster for Clad Strip". Metals 11, n. 5 (10 maggio 2021): 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11050776.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Production of aluminum alloy clad strips requires many processes, and a reduction in the number of processes has long been demanded. A method to cast clad strips directly from molten metal using a twin roll caster with copper rolls is proposed in this work. Two types of twin roll casters were designed and tested. One was a vertical-type tandem twin roll caster and the other was a twin roll caster equipped with a scraper. The casting of the clad strips was conducted in an oxidizing atmosphere. The clad strips were cast at speeds higher than 15 m/min. This casting speed is much higher than that of conventional twin roll casters for aluminum alloys. The roll load was smaller than 0.2 kN/mm. This small roll load means that strips were not bonded by hot rolling. The clad strips had a clear interface between strips, and elements in each strip did not diffuse into other strips. The clad strips did not fracture at the interface in a tension shear test. This means that the clad strips were strongly bonded.
31
Taylor, William C., Ghassan Abu-Lebdeh e Sachin Rai. "Effect of Continuous Shoulder Rumble Strips and Pavement Marking on Lateral Placement of Vehicles". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1911, n. 1 (gennaio 2005): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105191100110.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Shoulder rumble strips and enhanced pavement markings were two key areas identified by AASHTO to reduce runoff-road collisions. The Michigan Department of Transportation is currently testing the effectiveness of placing shoulder rumble strips close to the edge of travel lanes and painting a line on the rumble strip to improve the retroreflective properties of the line. Two issues arise from placing the rumble strips closer to the edge line and moving the paint line onto the rumble strip: the potential increased noise when vehicles crossed over the rumble strips and damage to the pavement if vehicles moved closer to the construction joint between the travel lane and the shoulder. This study found that simply moving the paint line onto the rumble strips resulted in vehicles moving slightly closer to the edge of the travel lane. However, maintaining the current edge line and adding an additional paint line on the rumble strip resulted in vehicles moving away from the edge of the pavement and thus reduced noise and potential damage to the pavement.
32
Tingle, Christopher H., David R. Shaw, Michele Boyette e Glen P. Murphy. "Metolachlor and metribuzin losses in runoff as affected by width of vegetative filter strips". Weed Science 46, n. 4 (agosto 1998): 475–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500090925.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Tall fescue vegetative filter strips 0.5 to 4.0 m wide were evaluated for their ability to reduce losses of metolachlor, metribuzin, and runoff (water and sediment) in conventionally tilled soybean. Differences in the parameters studied were significant between filter and no filter strips, regardless of filter strip width. Two days after treatment, metribuzin concentration in runoff from the unfiltered treatment was 231 ng ml−1; filter strips reduced this amount to 119 ng ml−1or less. Similar trends were observed with metolachlor, with concentrations of 1,009 ng ml−1from the unfiltered, whereas filter strips of any width reduced this to 523 ng ml−1or less. Metribuzin loss during the growing season was 41 g ai ha−1, or 9.8% of the amount applied when no filter strip was present. The addition of a filter strip, regardless of width, reduced cumulative metribuzin losses to 11 g ha−1or less. Similar results were noted with metolachlor. Filter strips, regardless of width, reduced cumulative runoff and sediment loss at least 46 and 83%, respectively.
33
Bridenstine, James B. "Use of a Make-it-Yourself Sutured-in-Place Scalp Extender". American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery 12, n. 1 (marzo 1995): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074880689501200111.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A make-it-yourself scalp extender can be constructed by bonding a small strip of dacron-reinforced silicone sheeting to a long strip of plain silicone sheeting. Two or three such strips about 1.5 × 5 cm can be sutured to the galea at the time of standard scalp reduction and replaced if necessary after 4 weeks with proportionately shorter extender strips. To prevent adhesion of the galea to the periosteum between the strips, a large sheet of plain silicone sheeting is loosely placed or sutured to the periosteum between the strips and the periosteum. The use of such devices should allow twice as much bald scalp to be excised in half the time as conventional scalp reductions.
34
Hayward, Jason P., e David K. Wehe. "Inter-Strip Interpolation Measurements in a High-Purity Germanium Double-Sided Strip Detector". IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 56, n. 5 (giugno 2009): 800–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.2009.2016960.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
One fundamental design issue in the HPGe double-sided strip detector is the gap between strips, which makes up 1/6 of the 3 mm strip pitch in the UM HPGe strip detector. When an interaction occurs in the gap between strips, charge-carriers from the resulting charge cloud may be split between adjacent strips. Additionally, up to 6% of the carriers may be lost. Furthermore, use of the signals obtained for interactions that occur in gaps is complicated by their sensitivity to the change in charge cloud geometries and the difficulty of distinguishing single interactions from multiple close interactions.
35
Chiswell, R. K., G. B. Jones e J. Brodie. "Investigations of the speciation of phosphorus in coastal and estuarine waters of the Great Barrier Reef, using iron strips and colorimetry". Marine and Freshwater Research 48, n. 4 (1997): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf96029.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A new method of determining phosphorus in sea water, using iron-impregnated strips of filter paper, was investigated and compared with standard colorimetric methods of phosphorus analysis. Laboratory experiments were undertaken to determine the number of iron strips required to extract phosphorus from sea water, the length of time a strip needed to adsorb all P from solution, the reproducibility of the method, and whether the strips could measure P adsorbed to different particles. Field studies were carried out with iron strips in Cleveland Bay and the Herbert estuary, and comparisons were made with concentrations of dissolved, particulate and organic phosphorus determined by standard techniques. The iron-strip method was shown to work well under laboratory conditions, but the field studies showed varying results for the different environments tested. Generally, most of the dissolved inorganic phosphorus present in sea water was taken up by the strips. The iron strips also took up a proportion of other phosphorus fractions in sea water, but the nature of this uptake appears to vary with environmental conditions.
36
Comeau, Phil. "Effects of aerial strip spraying on mixedwood stand structure and tree growth". Forestry Chronicle 90, n. 04 (agosto 2014): 479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2014-097.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Herbicide application in strips offers a cost-effective way to accelerate spruce growth in young mixedwood stands, while also retaining the mixedwood character of the stand. In June of 2006 data were collected to evaluate the effects of aerial strip spraying on subsequent growth of treated stands. These blocks had been planted in 1991 and treated in 2000 with Triclopyr ester herbicide applied in strips. Treated and untreated strips averaged 5.8 m and 8.4 m in width, respectively, with 38% of the block area being effectively treated. In 2006 aspen density, DBH, and height were significantly lower in the treated strips compared to either untreated strips or completely untreated blocks. Spruce growth was significantly larger in treated strips with diameter growth responses beginning in the first and height growth responses in the second growing season following treatment. Yield estimates from the Mixedwood Growth Model (MGM) indicate that the strip spray treatments result in the highest spruce yields. However, when understory protection (harvesting aspen at age 70 and spruce at 120) is applied, the untreated blocks provided higher total yield and net present value.
37
Vanek, Steven, H. C. Wien e Anu Rangarajan. "Time of Interseeding of Lana Vetch and Winter Rye Cover Strips Determines Competitive Impact on Pumpkins Grown Using Organic Practices". HortScience 40, n. 6 (ottobre 2005): 1716–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.6.1716.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Growing a main vegetable crop for harvest and a cover crop for residue return to soil in the same growing season is a promising strategy to sustain soil quality in vegetable rotations. Our research evaluated cover crop strips interseeded between pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo L.) as a way to implement such a strategy. Cover crop types were lana vetch (Vicia villosa ssp. dasycarpa Ten.) and a lana vetch–winter rye (Secale cereale L.) mix, interseeded before, at the same time, or after pumpkins. The competitive impact of different cover crop strips was assessed using pumpkin yield, cover strip biomass, crop nitrogen status, soil nitrate status, and soil water potential. Cover strips were also assessed for competitiveness with native weeds. Seeding date affected the competitiveness of cover strips with pumpkins, while cover type did not. Cover crops seeded before pumpkins or at the same time reduced pumpkin yield in proportion to biomass produced by the cover strips early in pumpkin growth. Cover strips seeded after pumpkins did not reduce yield. Tilling in a before-seeded cover strip at 30 days after pumpkin seeding gave higher pumpkin yield than before-seeded cover strips that were not tilled. At three of four sites, after-seeded cover strips had the lowest percent weed biomass in strips, and at two sites with moderate weed pressure vetch–rye strips were more effective than vetch alone in suppressing weeds. Cover strips seeded before or at the same time as pumpkins reduced pumpkin yield by taking up resources that were otherwise available to pumpkins. At a high-rainfall site, competition for soil nitrate by cover crop strips was the dominant factor in reducing pumpkin yield. At a low-rainfall site, the dominant factor was competition for water. Because of effective weed suppression and lack of pumpkin yield reduction, interseeding vetch–rye strips after pumpkins was a promising practice, as was tilling in preexistent cover strips at an interval <30 days after pumpkin seeding. Good previous weed management and rye–vetch mixes at high seeding rates are necessary to allow interseeded cover strips to outcompete weeds.
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Kowalska, Jolanta, Małgorzata Antkowiak e Alicja Tymoszuk. "Effect of Plant Seed Mixture on Overwintering and Floristic Attractiveness of the Flower Strip in Western Poland". Agriculture 13, n. 2 (16 febbraio 2023): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13020467.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In order to increase biodiversity in cultivated areas, the implementation of agri-environmental programs is proposed, including interventions and eco-schemes. Flower strips are one such proposal. In order to achieve satisfactory results, the appropriate selection of plants is crucial. In flower strips, the number and diversification of overwintering plant species are important. Our observations suggest that the species diversity observed in the second year of the strip’s presence in western Poland composed of mostly annual 14 plant species did not overlap in the next year. The flower strip was established on soils in a very good rye complex. The average monthly air temperature in both seasons was similar. In the winter months after the establishment of the flower strip, the lowest temperature at the ground level and the lowest air temperature were recorded in December (−5.4 °C and −13.7 °C, respectively). Hydrological conditions were not favorable, including a very dry March. Wild species originally from the soil seed bank were dominant. The selection of the appropriate species composition of mixtures intended for flower strips should take into account not only the preferences of beneficial insects but also environmental conditions. The possibilities of the selected plant species are important. A large variety of spontaneously emerging species (considered weeds) can also successfully colonize existing gaps in the flower strips, providing an increase in biodiversity. From the beginning of June to the end of July, the share of flowering plants from the seed bank ranged from 42.59% to 88.19%, while among originally intended plant species, it was only 11.81–57.41%. In May and at the beginning of June, two intended species that were intensively flowering, Trifolium incarnatum L. (over 70.5%) and Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth. (26.47%), were definitely dominant. In later observations, it was noted that, unfortunately, the sown plants had a low level of flowering compared to the wild plants found in the flower strip. It is very important that flower strips include species that also bloom in July and August, and wildflower plants can highlight the attractiveness of the flower strip to beneficial insects and are a valuable addition. This paper evaluates the suitability of a commercially available seed mixture in terms of the floristic attractiveness and overwintering potential of annual plants.
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Pi, Yunyun, Xiaolong Yin, Wenjun Deng e Wei Xia. "Study on Surface Hardness and Microstructure of Pure Copper Chip Strips Prepared by LSEM". Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2019 (8 luglio 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5254892.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Large strain extrusion machining (LSEM) is one of the severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods that can improve the mechanical properties of materials. The purpose of this experiment is to study the surface hardness and microstructure of the pure copper chip strips. It was found that most of the grains of the chip strips had been refined to the ultrafine grain grade. Finite element analysis (FEA) simulations were conducted to predict the von Mises equivalent strains. Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA), further study indicated that the surface hardness of the chip strips was decided by several key parameters including the chip thickness compression ratio, rake angle, and uncut chip thickness during LSEM. Through this analysis, a set of parameters which have the greatest impact on the properties of the material can be found. This set of parameters helps us to achieve the strip with the best performance.
40
Francis, Charles, Alice Jones, Kent Crookston, Kyle Wittler e Sondra Goodman. "Strip cropping corn and grain legumes: A review". American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 1, n. 4 (1986): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300001235.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractMultiple cropping systems are prevalent in many parts of the world, and alternating strips of corn and soybeans or dry beans have been used by farmers in the temperate region. Strip cropping has the potential to reduce erosion on hilly lands, to allow a crop rotation in the field if strips are changed from one season to the next, and to increase total system yields. Results from several experiments in Eastern and Midwest U.S. show considerable variation in production among years and locations. Corn grown in narrow strips has yielded from 10 to 40 percent over sole cropping, while soybeans or dry beans in narrow strips suffer yield reductions of 10 to 30 percent due to light, water and nutrient competition. There has been no definitive research to quantify the relative importance of these factors in the competitive interface between corn and legume rows. With wider strips there is less increase in corn yields and less reduction in legume yields compared to sole cropping. Changes in component crop yields also depend on rainfall, and may be influenced by the variety of each component crop and by the width of strips. Rarely does total yield in a strip crop system fall below the average monoculture performance. In years of adequate rainfall, production of strip crops may outyield sole crops by 10 to 20 percent. Potential production of strip cropping systems is reviewed, and projected soil conservation is estimated using the Universal Soil Loss Equation.
41
Foley, Duane H. "Effect of length changes on sensitivity of helical artery strips to adenosine". Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 64, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1986): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y86-008.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The relationship between length and the responses of helical strips of rabbit femoral and coronary arteries to vasoactive agents was investigated by conducting concentration–response determinations at the length for maximum active force (Lmax) and a shorter length. The mean effective dose (ED50) values for norepinephrine (NE) were smaller when femoral artery strips were set at Lmax, in comparison to the values at the shorter length. Maximal relaxation of femoral artery strips by adenosine was greater when the strips were set at Lmax. However, adenosine ED50 values were smaller at Lmax only in groups of strips in which responses at Lmax were obtained prior to those at the shorter length. Experiments with coronary artery strips did not demonstrate consistent relationships between strip length and ED50 values for acetylcholine (ACh) or adenosine. The results of experiments with artery strips from normotensive and those from one-kidney, one-clip hypertensive rabbits were similar. Thus, the femoral artery data indicate that helical artery strip preparations may exhibit length-dependent sensitivity to a vasodilator agent as well as vasoconstrictor agents under certain experimental conditions. However, the coronary artery data suggest that length may not affect sensitivity of isolated artery preparations from all vascular beds in the same manner.
42
Cui, Y., X. Zhang e Q. Wang. "An algorithm for the two-dimensional cutting problem of punched strips with blade length constraint". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 222, n. 11 (1 novembre 2008): 1443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544054jem1243.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper presents an algorithm for generating optimal T-shaped cutting patterns of punched strips. A strip contains only items of the same type. The stock plate is divided into items in two stages. First a guillotine machine cuts the plate into strips, then a stamping press punches out the items from the strips. The blade length of the guillotine machine may be shorter than the plate length. The algorithm divides the plate into two segments. Each segment contains strips of the same direction. The strip directions of the two segments are perpendicular to each other. The algorithm uses dynamic programming techniques to determine the optimal strip layouts on segments of different lengths not longer than the blade length, considers all possible combinations of two segments, and selects the best pair as the optimal solution. The computational results indicate that the new algorithm is much more efficient than the existing algorithm.
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Zuhailawati, Hussain, Masyitah Mt Yusof, Anasyida Abu Seman, Indra Putra Almanar e Brij Kumar Dhindaw. "The Role of Roller Speed on Solidification of Al-Mg-Si Alloy during Twin Roll Strip Casting". Materials Science Forum 819 (giugno 2015): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.819.15.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the production of aluminum alloy strips for packaging industry twin roll strip casting technique is now being extensively employed. The twin roll caster has advantage of the energy saving, low cost equipment and rapid solidification. The present research aimed to investigate the microstructure and hardness of twin roll strip cast aluminum alloys strips by varying the speed of roller cast. Al-Mg-Si ingot was melt in an induction furnace. Once it melted, the liquid was poured into a crucible attached to a twin roller cast to maintain the liquid temperature at 700°C. Molten alloy was poured in the gap between the copper rollers to produce the strips. The rotational speed of the cast rolls was varied from 60-30 rpm. During this process, the melt solidified to form strips. A specimen of 50 mm length cut from the cast strips was subjected to physical and mechanical characterization. Variation in hardness and microstructure of the produced trip were discussed.
44
Sun, Yunxia, Jian Feng, Huilin Gao, Wanjin Hu, Yang Qu, Hongtao Zou, You Yin, Yuan Li e Meiyan Xin. "Effect of strip clear-cutting on the natural regeneration of Pinus tabuliformis plantations in northeastern China". PeerJ 10 (28 aprile 2022): e13341. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13341.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this study, the effect of strip clear-cutting on the natural regeneration performance of mature Pinus tabuliformis plantations in the three locations in western part of the Liaoning Province was analyzed. Strip clear-cutting, with clear-cut and uncut strip widths of 15, 20, 25 m, and 10 and 18 m, respectively, was conducted in spring 2014, and control, in each study location. Field investigations were conducted in 2017. Fifteen sample plots with sizes of 4 m2 (2 m × 2 m) were established in each clear-cut strip, uncut strip, and control. One to four saplings were randomly selected to measure the current year increment, and the lengths and numbers for branch of the first whorl. Three saplings were randomly selected from the center of the strip to measure the photosynthetic rate. Three sample plots with sizes of 4 m2 (2 m × 2 m) and 1 m2 (1 m × 1 m) were developed in each strip and control to determine the biodiversity of shrubs and herbs as well as the water content of the decomposition and semi-decomposition layer. The results show that the current year increment and branch length of the first whorl can be ordered as follows: clear-cut strips > control > uncut strips. Number of the branches of the first whorl can be ordered as follows: clear-cut strips > uncut strips > control. Strip clear-cutting was a statistically significant treatment for the current year increment and length and number of branches of the first whorl. The saplings from the clear-cut strip with a width of 25 m have the largest photosynthetic capacity compared with those from the other strips and control. The transpiration rates of the large, medium, and small saplings from clear-cut strips are the largest and those of saplings from the control are the smallest. The water content of the decomposition and semi-decomposition layer in the control is the highest, but no significant difference was confirmed between the strip clear-cutting approaches.
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Grydin, Olexandr, Serhii Bondarenko, Mykhailo Stolbchenko e Mirko Schaper. "Rolling of Flat Aluminum Strips with Tailored Mechanical Properties". Materials Science Forum 854 (maggio 2016): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.854.87.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this study, the possibility of producing of flat aluminum strips with tailored mechanical properties across their width by means of rolling was examined. The aim of the work was an experimental analysis of the effect of cold rolling of the strips with a pre-profiled cross-section in flat rolls. Because of different work hardening of the various elements of the pre-profiled strips a characteristic profile of mechanical properties over the strips cross-section was created. The performed tensile tests and hardness measurements proved the possibility of setting of tailored properties in flat strips by means of rolling. The difference between the mechanical characteristics of various strip’s elements for the selected aluminum alloy can reach 40%.
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Wu, Zhang, Chen, Li e Zhang. "A Multiple Twin-Roller Casting Technique for Producing Metallic Glass and Metallic Glass Composite Strips". Materials 12, n. 23 (21 novembre 2019): 3842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12233842.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
To date it has not been possible to produce metallic glass strips with a thickness larger than 150 m via single-roller melt spinning technique, and it remains challenging to produce thick metallic glass strips. In this work, a multiple twin-roller casting technique is proposed for producing thick metallic glass and metallic glass composite strips. A triple twin-roller casting device, as a specific case of the multiple twin-roller, was designed and manufactured. The triple twin-roller device possesses a high cooling rate and involves a long contact time between the melt and the strip, which makes it an efficient technique for producing metallic glass strips that avoids crystallization, although the solidification temperature ranges of metallic glasses are as wide as several hundred Kelvins. The two prepared metallic glass (MG) strips are in a fully amorphous state, and the MG strip shows excellent capacity of stored elastic energy under 3-point bending. Furthermore, the Ti-based metallic glass composite strip produced via the triple twin-roller casting exhibits a novel microstructure with much finer and more homogenously orientated -Ti crystals, as compared with the microstructure of metallic glass composites produced by the common copper mold casting technique.
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Sloots, K., e A. W. van der Vlies. "Emission reduction by multipurpose buffer strips on arable fields". Water Science and Technology 56, n. 1 (1 luglio 2007): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.438.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the area managed by Hollandse Delta, agriculture is under great pressure and the social awareness of the agricultural sector is increasing steadily. In recent years, a stand-still has been observed in water quality, in terms of agrochemicals, and concentrations even exceed the standard. To improve the waterquality a multi-purpose Field Margin Regulation was drafted for the Hoeksche Waard island in 2005. The regulation prescribes a crop-free strip, 3.5 m wide, alongside wet drainage ditches. The strip must be sown with mixtures of grasses, flowers or herbs. No crop protection chemicals or fertilizer may be used on the strips. A total length of approximately 200 km of buffer strip has now been laid. Besides reducing emissions, the buffer strips also stimulate natural pest control methods and encourage local tourism. Finally, the strips should lead to an improvement in the farmers' image. The regulation has proved to be successful. The buffer strips boosted both local tourism and the image of the agricultural sector. Above all, the strips provided a natural shield for emission to surface water, which will lead to an improvement of the water quality and raise the farmers' awareness of water quality and the environment.
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Biallas, Alina, Sophia Ohmayer e Marion Merklein. "Fundamental Investigations to Evaluate the Influence of Notching Processes on a Subsequent Cyclic Bending Process for the Production of Wire Cores". Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 7, n. 1 (17 gennaio 2023): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp7010024.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The production of wire cores by notch rolling and cyclic bending promises an ecologically and economically efficient manufacturing option for steel fibers. The paper at hand evaluates the influence of wire strips on cyclic bending by applying rolled wire strips of DP600 sheet metal (t0 = 0.8 mm) and a new cyclic bending testing tool. Analysis of material separation with varying parameters, rolling gap d and bending angle β, proves the interdependency of both process step, but indicates reduced adjustability of the notch rolling process. To enable better adjustability of the wire strip’s characteristics and analysis of their effects, wire strip production in the laboratory by notch stamping instead of rolling is aspired. The prior interaction analysis states the web height b, the notch angle α, and the hardening distribution as relevant wire strip’s characteristics to be replicated. Based on experimental analysis, an equivalent of notch rolling by notch stamping is deduced by considering the web height b identical for stamping and rolling, by adjusting the tool’s notch angle αt based on an equation considering geometric evaluations of α, and by taking advantage of the asymmetric hardening distribution of the outer notch which is comparable to rolled wire strip.
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Zhou, Jialiang, Guoyong Jin, Tiangui Ye, Kai Wang e Kailang Sun. "The Transient Flow behind an Instantaneously Started Circular Cylinder with Two Symmetrical Strips". Applied Sciences 10, n. 7 (27 marzo 2020): 2308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072308.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The finite volume method, based on the dynamic mesh method, is used to investigate the transient viscous incompressible flow around an impulsively and translationally started cylinder with strips. The strips of different shapes are installed at different locations on the surface of the cylinder. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of the locations and shapes of strips on the flow caused by boundary motion. The present solutions agree well with the experimental results reported in literature. Six placement angles of strips were selected: 0°, 20°, 60°, 90°, 120° and 150°. The development of wake shows some new phenomena with different strip locations, and the significant difference appears at α = 90°. The vortex intensity is much larger than that of other locations. On the other hand, four shapes of strips were selected: arc, triangle, rectangle and trapezoid. The rectangular strips had the greatest influence on the drag coefficient and the maximum of the drag coefficient increased from 0.4 to 2.8, compared with the smooth cylinder. The maximum of negative velocity had the most significant change when the shape of strip is arc, increasing by 34% compared with the smooth cylinder, at T = 3.
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Silveira, Maitê Rocha, Paulo César Lodi, Natália de Souza Correia, Roger Augusto Rodrigues e Heraldo Luiz Giacheti. "Effect of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate Strips on the Mechanical Properties of Cement-Treated Lateritic Sandy Soil". Sustainability 12, n. 23 (24 novembre 2020): 9801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12239801.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The civil engineering construction industry is nowadays one of the largest consumers of natural resources. Therefore, the proposal of using alternative materials that seek to reduce waste production or the use of previously generated waste is becoming increasingly necessary. This paper evaluated the effect of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) strips on the mechanical properties of a cement-treated lateritic sandy soil. Unconfined compression strength (UCS) tests were conducted in natural and PET strips mixtures in different strips lengths and contents. In addition to UCS tests, compaction tests were also conducted in order to analyze the effect of these inclusions on the properties of a lateritic sandy soil. Lastly, direct shear tests were conducted on natural soil-strip, soil-cement, and soil-cement-strip composites using optimum UCS results. The addition of strips to the soil-cement composite showed an increase in the soil cohesion parameter. The inclusion of strips also provided a more ductile behavior to the soil, presenting greater deformations with fewer stress peaks. Results showed that the recycled strips’ inclusion in soil-cement can provide a material with high strength, ductility, and a highly sustainable alternative.