Articoli di riviste: "Stress (Psychology) Physiological effect"

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Hoareau, Violette, Christelle Godin, Frédéric Dutheil e Marion Trousselard. "The Effect of Stress Management Programs on Physiological and Psychological Components of Stress: The Influence of Baseline Physiological State". Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback 46, n. 3 (12 maggio 2021): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10484-021-09508-0.

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AbstractMilitary personnel are particularly exposed to stressful events, and overexposure to stress is both physically and mentally unhealthy. While stress management programs, such as the Tactics of Optimized Potential (TOP) and Heart Coherence (HC) have been implemented, their efficiency remains to be evaluated. The objective of this randomized control trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of the two programs among a young male population of 180 military fire fighter recruits. Based on two psychological, and one physiological measurement, namely heart rate variability (HRV), we found that both TOP and HC programs significantly increased HRV. This is promising as we know that higher HRV is consistent with better health, in most cases. Moreover, the TOP program significantly reduced perceived stress and negative mood, unlike the HC program. Combining these results, we conclude that while both TOP and HC programs influence physiological measurements, only the TOP modifies psychological evaluations. Finally, we distinguished the effects of the programs on two samples characterized by their HRV level. For the low HRV group, both programs tended to increase their HRV level, while for the high HRV group neither program had a significant effect.

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Rusconi, Maria Luisa, Stefano F. Cappa, Michele Scala e Francesca Meneghello. "A Lexical Stress Effect in Neglect Dyslexia." Neuropsychology 18, n. 1 (2004): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0894-4105.18.1.135.

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Kotlyar, Michael, Mustafa al’Absi, Paul Thuras, John P. Vuchetich, David E. Adson, April L. Nowack e Dorothy K. Hatsukami. "Effect of Paroxetine on Physiological Response to Stress and Smoking". Psychosomatic Medicine 75, n. 3 (aprile 2013): 236–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/psy.0b013e3182898f6d.

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Kemeny, Margaret E. "The Psychobiology of Stress". Current Directions in Psychological Science 12, n. 4 (agosto 2003): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.01246.

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Stressful life experience can have significant effects on a variety of physiological systems, including the autonomic nervous system, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and the immune system. These relationships can be bidirectional; for example, immune cell products can act on the brain, altering mood and cognition, potentially contributing to depression. Although acute physiological alterations may be adaptive in the short term, chronic or repeated provocation can result in damage to health. The central dogma in the field of stress research assumes a stereotyped physiological response to all stressors (the generality model). However, increasing evidence suggests that specific stressful conditions and the specific way an organism appraises these conditions can elicit qualitatively distinct emotional and physiological responses (the integrated specificity model). For example, appraisals of threat (vs. challenge), uncontrollability, and negative social evaluation have been shown to provoke specific psychobiological responses. Emotional responses appear to have specific neural substrates, which can result in differentiated alterations in peripheral physiological systems, so that it is incorrect to presume a uniform stress response.

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Wofford, J. C. "Cognitive–Affective Stress Response: Effects of Individual Stress Propensity on Physiological and Psychological Indicators of Strain". Psychological Reports 88, n. 3 (giugno 2001): 768–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2001.88.3.768.

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The purpose of this study was to define further the role of individual stress propensity in physiological arousal and subsequent subjective stress and strain by measuring stress-induced reactivity in a laboratory setting. Individual predisposition to stress is conceptualized as a latent construct, cognitive–affective stress propensity, that is manifested as multiple trait indicators, e.g., negative affectivity, anger-irritability, and negative self-esteem. For 80 undergraduates experimental treatments were two stressors, time pressure and performance feedback. Physiological arousal indices included skin temperature, blood volume, and electromyographic activity. Results provide some support for the hypotheses that this propensity moderates the relationships between stressor and physiological arousal and between physiological arousal and subjective stress and strain.

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Martimportugués-Goyenechea, Clara, e Luis Gómez-Jacinto. "Simultaneous Multiple Stressors in the Environment: Physiological Stress Reactions, Performance, and Stress Evaluation". Psychological Reports 97, n. 3 (dicembre 2005): 867–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.97.3.867-874.

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Interactive effects of two environmental stressors when simultaneously present, i.e., noise and crowding, were analyzed. Four experimental conditions with two intensities of stress for each stressor (high versus low) were created. The stressors were concurrently introduced in laboratory conditions and their effects analyzed using several methodological approaches. More intense and negative effects were expected when the two highest intensities of noise and crowding concurred. 40 people (20 men and 20 women) participated in a study with a 2 × 2 factorial design. Analysis showed an increase in the measures of hemodynamic, endocrine, and neuroendocrine values of participants after being exposed simultaneously to noise and crowding. Similarly, their performance on complex tasks decreased, and they reported a subjective increase in stress. Capacity to cope was indicated by a statistically significant lower mean on the Dimension of Stress scale, tolerance of frustration during the multiple stress condition.

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Stepanova, Elena V., David J. Echevarria, Adam D. Collier, Cristobal S. Cruz, Nafiyah Kirkland e David J. Drobes. "Discrimination, Stress and Reactivity to Alcohol Cues". Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 38, n. 10 (dicembre 2019): 836–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2019.38.10.836.

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Introduction: Our study investigated whether discrimination affects psychologi-cal/physiological stress and alcohol craving. Method: Participants (N = 92) were asked to recall and write about (a) a neutral, (b) a negative, or (c) a discriminatory experience in the past and then completed a cue-reactivity procedure assessing their alcohol craving. In addition, we assessed levels of perceived stress before and after the discrimination manipulation, chronic substance use and craving, prior perceived discrimination, and strength of racial/ethnic identity. Results: Results revealed a small effect in which the discrimination condition increased alcohol cue-elicited craving relative to the other conditions. Chronic craving moderated effects of discrimination on cortisol levels. Self-reported stress levels were increased in the discrimination and negative memory conditions relative to baseline. Strength of racial identity served as a protective factor for substance abuse in those who reported chronic high levels of discrimination. Discussion: We discussed the direct link established between acute exposure to discrimination and craving, and experimental evidence for the relationship between discrimination and self-reported stress, but also addressed potential limitations of this work. It is further discussed how some individual differences factors (e.g., chronic craving) predict physiological stress in discriminatory settings. This work underscored the role of racial identity as a protective factor against alcohol abuse in individuals reporting high levels of discrimination.

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Hartman, Sarah, Sara M. Freeman, Karen L. Bales e Jay Belsky. "Prenatal Stress as a Risk—and an Opportunity—Factor". Psychological Science 29, n. 4 (7 febbraio 2018): 572–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797617739983.

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Two separate lines of research indicate (a) that prenatal stress is associated with heightened behavioral and physiological reactivity and (b) that these postnatal phenotypes are associated with increased susceptibility to both positive and negative developmental experiences. Therefore, prenatal stress may increase sensitivity to the rearing environment. We tested this hypothesis by manipulating prenatal stress and rearing-environment quality, using a cross-fostering paradigm, in prairie voles. Results showed that prenatally stressed voles, as adults, displayed the highest behavioral and physiological reactivity when cross-fostered to low-contact (i.e., low-quality) rearing but the lowest behavioral and physiological reactivity when cross-fostered to high-contact (i.e., high-quality) rearing; non-prenatally stressed voles showed no effect of rearing condition. Additionally, while neither prenatal stress nor rearing condition affected oxytocin receptor binding, prenatally stressed voles cross-fostered to high-contact rearing showed the highest vasopressin-1a receptor binding in the amygdala. Results indicate that prenatal stress induces greater environmental sensitivity, making it both a risk and an opportunity factor.

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Deffenbacher, Jerry L., e Jeffrey M. Shepard. "Evaluating a Seminar on Stress Management". Teaching of Psychology 16, n. 2 (aprile 1989): 79–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15328023top1602_11.

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A psychology seminar on stress management is described and evaluated. Though instruments changed in six classes over a 6- year period, students reported significantly less general anxiety, general anger, situational stress reactivity, and stress-related physiological reactivity after the class than before. Follow-ups conducted with two classes showed maintenance of these effects. These results suggest that the classroom can be a practical medium for increasing academic knowledge about and personal skills for stress reduction.

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Ennis, Jeffrey, e Umair Majid. "The Widowhood Effect: Explaining the Adverse Outcomes After Spousal Loss Using Physiological Stress Theories, Marital Quality, and Attachment". Family Journal 28, n. 3 (3 giugno 2020): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066480720929360.

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The loss of a loved one is one of the most ubiquitous life experiences. There have been multiple reviews that have found adverse health outcomes for individuals experiencing spousal loss, particularly the widowhood effect that characterizes an increased risk of mortality after loss. However, there is a lack of clarity on the relationship between physiological stress and the widowhood effect. This commentary uses the literature on stress, marital quality, and attachment to explain the widowhood effect and other adverse physical health outcomes. We discuss three points: (1) the chronic nature of stress may be the source of adverse outcomes, (2) the quality and quantity of available resources may moderate the effects of stress, and (3) the level and style of attachment may explain why these outcomes may persist many years after spousal loss.

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De Geus, Eco J. C., e Lorenz J. P. Van Doornen. "The effects of fitness training on the physiological stress response". Work & Stress 7, n. 2 (aprile 1993): 141–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678379308257057.

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Bosley, Florida, e Thomas W. Allen. "Stress management training for hypertensives: Cognitive and physiological effects". Journal of Behavioral Medicine 12, n. 1 (febbraio 1989): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00844750.

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Forbes, Elizabeth J., e Ronald J. Pekala. "Psychophysiological Effects of Several Stress Management Techniques". Psychological Reports 72, n. 1 (febbraio 1993): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1993.72.1.19.

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The purpose of this study was to assess the psychophysiological stress-reducing properties of progressive relaxation compared with hypnosis, and deep abdominal breathing compared with a baseline condition, while controlling for hypnotizability. 231 nursing students experienced the baseline procedure and progressive relaxation in Session 1 and deep abdominal breathing and hypnosis in Session 2 about a week later. Before and after each technique peripheral skin temperature and pulse rate were assessed. Separate analyses of variance, computed for the first and second sets of techniques, indicated that progressive relaxation and hypnosis both increased skin temperature and reduced pulse rate, suggesting reduced psychophysiological responsivity. Deep abdominal breathing was associated with a significant reduction in physiological responsivity (skin temperature) relative to baseline. Hypnotic susceptibility had no effect on the psychophysiological measures.

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Lü, Wei, Wanying Xing, Brian M. Hughes e Zhenhong Wang. "Extraversion and cardiovascular responses to recurrent social stress: Effect of stress intensity". International Journal of Psychophysiology 131 (settembre 2018): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2017.10.008.

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Wilczek-Rużyczka, Ewa, e Iwona Zaczyk. "DETERMINING THE EFFECT OF STRESS AND JOB BURNOUT ON THE LIFE SATISFACTION OF NURSING STAFF". Acta Neuropsychologica 20, n. 2 (15 maggio 2022): 139–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8545.

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Both job satisfaction and a nurse’s individual traits may have an impact on nurses’ life satisfaction. Given the relatively high level of stress associated with the nursing profession, account should be taken of the fact that numerous destructive factors also affect life satisfaction. In the nursing profession commitment, concern for patient welfare, a high sense of responsibility for the life and health of another person causes both an excessive psychological and physical burden, which in many cases leads to broadly defined stress and in consequence to burnout syndrome. The aim of the paper was directed toward the analysis of stress, burnout and life satisfaction and demonstrating the relationship between these variables in a group of surgical and psychiatric nurses. Two groups of equal size participated in the study. They included 100 surgical nurses (average age: 47/average years of experience: 25), 100 psychiatric nurses (average age: 42/average years of experience: 19) employed by hospitals situated in the south of Poland. Research tools: occupational burnout – the Maslach Burnout Inventory, stress - the Stevan Hobfoll's Self-Assessment Questionnaire to measure stress, life satisfaction – Satisfaction with Life Scale, and questionnaire of socio-demographic data were administered. Stress and occupational burnout are shown to only have an impact on the life satisfaction of surgical nurses. The less burnt-out nurses felt with regard to lowered sense of personal achievement, the higher their life satisfaction levels were. In the context of work, stress plays a role of mediator in the relationship between life satisfaction and the second dimension of occupational burnout – depersonalization in both surveyed groups. A sense of life satisfaction is desired by every human being and may refer to different aspects of their lives such as: work, income, family and friends. In reality job satisfaction has a significant influence on the individual’s feeling of life satisfaction. The obtained results clearly indicate that some action needs to be taken in order to prevent professional burnout. It is therefore sensible to start action already at university and include the subject of occupational burnout, its causes, and ways of coping with it in the teaching curriculum.

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Scholey, A. B., B. Robertson, C. F. Haskell, A. L. Milne e D. O. Kennedy. "Effects of chewing gum on subjective and physiological stress responses". Appetite 50, n. 2-3 (marzo 2008): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2007.09.056.

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Ein, Natalie, Lingqian Li e Kristin Vickers. "The effect of pet therapy on the physiological and subjective stress response: A meta-analysis". Stress and Health 34, n. 4 (8 giugno 2018): 477–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smi.2812.

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Ksiksou, Jamal, Lhoussaine Maskour, Bouchta El Batri e Moulay Smail Alaoui. "THE EFFECT OF A MINDFULNESS TRAINING PROGRAM ON PERCEIVED STRESS AND EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AMONG NURSING STUDENTS IN MOROCCO: AN EXPERIMENTAL PILOT STUDY". Acta Neuropsychologica 20, n. 4 (13 novembre 2022): 371–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.0894.

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Mindfulness-based stress reduction has been shown to be effective in reducing stress levels and developing emotional competencies in nursing students, however, in some countries such as Morocco, this practice remains unexplored. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of a mindful- ness-based stress reduction program on nursing students. The study used a quasi-experimental design in a single pre- test-post-test group with 20 nursing students from the Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Tetouan. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Perceived Stress Scale in Clinical Practicum (PSS- CP), and the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS). The results of the study indicate that the students' mean score on the PSS-CP scale was 2.19 ± 1.35 in the pretest, but decreased to 1.89 ± 1.28 in the posttest (p < .05). While the students' mean EIS score was 3.44 ± 1.26 in the pretest, it in creased to 3.76 ± 1.19 in the posttest (p < 0.05). A statistically significant relationship was found between perceived stress and EIS scores (r = 0.864, p < 0.05). Mindfulness-based stress reduction program training can improve psychological health by developing emotional competence and reducing stress in nursing students.

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Brinkmann, Amelie Edith, Sophia Antonia Press, Eduard Helmert, Martin Hautzinger, Inna Khazan e Jan Vagedes. "Comparing Effectiveness of HRV-Biofeedback and Mindfulness for Workplace Stress Reduction: A Randomized Controlled Trial". Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback 45, n. 4 (18 giugno 2020): 307–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10484-020-09477-w.

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Abstract Psychophysiological disorders due to work-related stress continue to be highly costly for health systems and approaches for cost-effective and easily accessible interventions are much needed. Both heart rate variability-biofeedback (HRV-Bfb) and mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have been empirically shown to reduce stress. This study compares these two interventions in the work context to a wait-list-control-group (WLC). In this three-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT), 69 healthy adults employed in the same organization were randomized to participate in HRV-Bfb, MBI or the WLC. Participants were assessed for psychophysiological parameters of stress (stress perception, coping, HRV parameters and cortisol) and stress related symptoms (depressive symptoms, psychological wellbeing, mindfulness and self-compassion). Participants trained using either HRV-Bfb or MBI for 6 weeks on a daily basis. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, after the intervention and at follow-up 12 weeks later. Results did not show any statistically significant differences between HRV-Bfb and MBI groups, and neither of the intervention groups (IGs) differed from the WLC. Findings suggest an overall reduction in stress for all groups, including the WLC, with mostly small to medium effect sizes. However, it is important to note that participants with higher baseline stress levels might benefit more from mindfulness and biofeedback-based stress reduction interventions. The results have to be interpreted with caution due to the relatively small sample size. MBI might have a slightly stronger effect on stress reduction in comparison to HRV-Bfb, as suggested by the effect sizes. This study highlights issues and challenges of the implementation of such interventions in corporate health management.

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Shott, Elizabeth K., Nadezhda E. Lysenko e Gennady G. Aracelov. "509 The handedness effect in processing laboratory stress". International Journal of Psychophysiology 30, n. 1-2 (settembre 1998): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8760(98)90508-6.

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Kavková, Veronika, e Marek Malůš. "Possible Applications of Flotation REST and its Effects on Human Psychophysiology Regarding Stress, Anxiety and Depression". Psychologie a její kontexty 12, n. 1 (marzo 2022): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15452/psyx.2021.12.0001.

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The study is a summary of the knowledge of the Flotation REST technique and its effects on stress, anxiety and depression from the point of view of psychophysiology. Flotation REST is a specific form of relaxing environment invented in the 1950s which has been researched in particular in the fields of psychology and physiology. It is a hydrother‑ apeutic device that utilizes the effect of environmental stimulation restriction. Hence the abbreviation REST (Restricted Environmental Stimulation Technique). In our country, the technique is usually used in spa centres and wellness facilities. In foreign research, in particular in the USA, Canada and Sweden, Flotation Rest has proved to be a unique method in the field of applied psychophysiology. It is a technique with predictable psycho‑ physiological effects, a useful application tool that could help in the treatment of certain somatic as well as mental conditions. The goal of this article is to summarize the effects of the method both on the physiological and psychological level regarding stress, anxiety and depression, and to increase the awareness of this technique in view of its development and potential applications.

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Schulz, André, Dana Schultchen e Claus Vögele. "Interoception, Stress, and Physical Symptoms in Stress-Associated Diseases". European Journal of Health Psychology 27, n. 4 (ottobre 2020): 132–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000063.

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Abstract. The brain and peripheral bodily organs continuously exchange information. Exemplary, interoception refers to the processing and perception of ascending information from the body to the brain. Stress responses involve a neurobehavioral cascade, which includes the activation of peripheral organs via neural and endocrine pathways and can thus be seen as an example for descending information on the brain-body axis. Hence, the interaction of interoception and stress represents bi-directional communication on the brain-body axis. The main hypothesis underlying this review is that the dysregulation of brain-body communication represents an important mechanism for the generation of physical symptoms in stress-related disorders. The aims of this review are, therefore, (1) to summarize current knowledge on acute stress effects on different stages of interoceptive signal processing, (2) to discuss possible patterns of abnormal brain-body communication (i.e., alterations in interoception and physiological stress axes activation) in mental disorders and chronic physical conditions, and (3) to consider possible approaches to modify interoception. Due to the regulatory feedback loops underlying brain-body communication, the modification of interoceptive processes (ascending signals) may, in turn, affect physiological stress axes activity (descending signals), and, ultimately, also physical symptoms.

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Janšáková, Katarína, Ivan Belica, Eva Rajčániová, Jakub Rajčáni, Klaudia Kyselicová, Hana Celušáková, Jolana Laznibatová e Daniela Ostatníková. "The acute effect of psychosocial stress on the level of oxidative stress in children". International Journal of Psychophysiology 161 (marzo 2021): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.01.007.

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Hawkley, Louise C., e John T. Cacioppo. "Aging and Loneliness". Current Directions in Psychological Science 16, n. 4 (agosto 2007): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00501.x.

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Levels of loneliness are relatively stable across most of adult life, but correlates of loneliness show age differences. We review evidence of age differences in associations between loneliness and individual differences in health behaviors, stress exposure, physiological stress responses, appraisal and coping, and restorative processes. The effects of each of these pathways endow loneliness with the capacity to accelerate the rate of physiological decline with age. Additional research across the lifespan is required to understand the nature of accrued loneliness effects on health behavior and physiology in the short and long term.

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Shields, Grant S., Colton L. Hunter e Andrew P. Yonelinas. "Stress and memory encoding: What are the roles of the stress-encoding delay and stress relevance?" Learning & Memory 29, n. 2 (18 gennaio 2022): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.053469.121.

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The effects of acute stress on memory encoding are complex. Recent work has suggested that both the delay between stress and encoding and the relevance of the information learned to the stressor may modulate the effects of stress on memory encoding, but the relative contribution of each of these two factors is unclear. Therefore, in the present study, we manipulated (1) acute stress, (2) the delay between stress and encoding, and (3) the relevance of the information learned to the stressor. The results indicated that stress during encoding led to better memory for study materials that were related to the stressor relative to memory for study materials that were unrelated to the stressor. This effect was numerically reduced for materials that were encoded 40 min after stressor onset (23 min after the stressor had ended) compared with items encoded at the time of the stressor, but this difference was not significant. These results suggest that the relevance of the information learned to the stressor may play a particularly important role in the effects of stress on memory encoding, which has important implications for theories of stress and memory.

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Degroote, Cathy, Adrian Schwaninger, Nadja Heimgartner, Patrik Hedinger, Ulrike Ehlert e Petra H. Wirtz. "Acute Stress Improves Concentration Performance". Experimental Psychology 67, n. 2 (marzo 2020): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000481.

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Abstract. Acute stress can have both detrimental and beneficial effects on cognitive processing, but effects on concentration performance remain unclear. Here, we investigate the effects of acute psychosocial stress on concentration performance and possible underlying physiological and psychological mechanisms. The study sample comprised 47 healthy male participants who were randomly assigned either to a psychosocial stress situation (Trier Social Stress Test) or a neutral control task. Concentration performance was assessed using the d2 Test of Attention before and 30 min after the stress or control task. Salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase were repeatedly measured before and up to 1 hr after stress. We repeatedly assessed state anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and anticipatory cognitive stress appraisal using the Primary Appraisal Secondary Appraisal questionnaire. The stress group showed a significantly stronger improvement of concentration performance compared to the control group ( p = .042). Concentration performance improvement was predicted by increased state anxiety ( p = .020) and lower cortisol (stress) changes ( p = .043). Neither changes in alpha-amylase nor cognitive stress appraisal did relate to concentration performance. Our results show improved concentration performance after acute psychosocial stress induction that was predicted by higher state anxiety increases and lower cortisol increases. This points to a potential modulating role of specific psycho-emotional and physiological factors with opposite effects.

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Carr, Alan J., e Gerald J. S. Wilde. "Effects of Actual and Potential Stressor Control on Physiological and Self-Reported Stress Responses". Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 6, n. 3-4 (settembre 1988): 371–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1988.6.3-4.371.

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Bali, Anjana, Puneet Kaur Randhawa e Amteshwar Singh Jaggi. "Stress and opioids: Role of opioids in modulating stress-related behavior and effect of stress on morphine conditioned place preference". Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 51 (aprile 2015): 138–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.12.018.

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Deal, Caroline, Ryan Bogdan, J. Phil Miller, Tom Rodebaugh, Charlene Caburnay, Mike Yingling, Tammy Hershey, Julia Schweiger e Eric J. Lenze. "Effects of Cable News Watching on Older Adults’ Physiological and Self-Reported Stress and Cognitive Function". International Journal of Aging and Human Development 87, n. 2 (15 novembre 2017): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091415017729684.

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Older adults are the largest consumer of cable news, which includes negative and politicized content and may constitute a daily stressor. As older adults are also vulnerable to the negative consequences of stress, we hypothesized that cable news watching could induce a stress reaction and impair cognitive function. We tested exposures to cable news (i.e., Fox News and MSNBC) in a within-subject randomized controlled design in 34 healthy older adults. We also included negative (Public Broadcasting Station) and positive (trier social stress test) controls. Cable news watching had no effect on psychological stress, physiological stress, or cognitive function. This remained true even if the news exposures were discordant with participants’ political affiliation. We conclude that brief cable news watching does not induce a physiological or subjective stress response or cognitive impairment among healthy older adults.

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Coppola, Fabrizio, e David Spector. "Natural stress relief meditation as a tool for reducing anxiety and increasing self-actualization". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 37, n. 3 (1 aprile 2009): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2009.37.3.307.

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Natural Stress Relief (NSR) Meditation, a mental technique practiced for 15 minutes twice a day, reduces stress and anxiety by inducing a physiological state of deep rest. Regular practice of this technique appears to reduce trait anxiety and to develop qualities associated with self-actualization, such as inner peace, satisfaction, and creativity. This article reports new research that documents this effect using psychometric measures. A group of 31 practitioners showed, after four weeks of regular practice, a significant reduction of trait anxiety as measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI; Spielberger, Gorsuch, Lushene, Vagg, & Jacobs, 1983) (effect size d = .69, calculated following Cohen), and a significant increase of self-actualization as measured by the Jones and Crandall (1986) Short Index of Self-Actualization (SISA; effect size d = .47).

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Baker, Stephanie L., Amanda C. Kentner, Anne T. M. Konkle, Lisa Santa-Maria Barbagallo e Catherine Bielajew. "Behavioral and physiological effects of chronic mild stress in female rats". Physiology & Behavior 87, n. 2 (febbraio 2006): 314–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.10.019.

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Beltrán-Velasco, Ana Isabel, Alberto Bellido-Esteban, Pablo Ruisoto-Palomera, Ketty Herrera Mendoza e Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez. "The Effect of Cultural Differences in Psychophysiological Stress Response in High Education Context: A Pilot Study". Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback 45, n. 1 (14 ottobre 2019): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10484-019-09452-0.

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Borelli, Jessica L., Melissa Pedroza, Gerin E. Gaskin, Patricia A. Smiley, Callison A. Kernick, Aurora Brachman e Matthias R. Mehl. "School-Aged Children's Cognitive Interdependence as a Prospective Link Between Their Depressive Symptoms and Physiological Stress Reactivity". Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 37, n. 5 (maggio 2018): 325–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2018.37.5.325.

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Associations between children's depressive symptoms and physiological stress reactivity have been identified across many investigations. Similarly, a large body of literature explores the cognitive correlates of depressive symptomatology in childhood. To date, few studies conducted with children have integrated these approaches. In the present study, we examine a well-documented correlate of depression in adults; low cognitive interdependence (as measured via pronoun use, or we-ratio), in a child population. We explore the relation of low cognitive interdependence to children's concurrent depressive symptoms as well as their concurrent and later stress reactivity. At Time 1, we assessed school-aged children's (N = 60) depressive symptoms and children's we-ratio from an interview about their school experiences. Two weeks later (Time 2), children provided salivary cortisol samples before and after a stressor task. At Time 3 (1.5 years later), children provided cortisol samples before and after completing a different stressor task. Children's depressive symptoms were concurrently associated with lower we-ratio, which in turn was prospectively, but not concurrently, associated with higher cortisol reactivity, acting as an indirect effect between depression and later reactivity. These findings suggest that low levels of cognitive interdependence may be one mechanism by which children's depressive symptoms forecast heightened reactivity to stress.

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Conrad, Ansgar, Anett Müller, Sigrun Doberenz, Sunyoung Kim, Alicia E. Meuret, Eileen Wollburg e Walton T. Roth. "Psychophysiological Effects of Breathing Instructions for Stress Management". Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback 32, n. 2 (23 maggio 2007): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10484-007-9034-x.

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35

Hirokawa, Kumi, Akihiro Yagi e Yo Miyata. "EFFECTS OF STRESS COPING STRATEGIES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES DURING SPEECHES IN JAPANESE AND ENGLISH". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 30, n. 2 (1 gennaio 2002): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2002.30.2.203.

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The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships between personal levels of active and passive coping through physiological and psychological responses during stressful tasks. Participants were 78 Japanese male and female undergraduate students. They were assigned to give 3-minute speeches in Japanese and English. Their ECG and EOG were measured, and their anxiety and nervousness were assessed. Before the experiment, each participant's tendency to use active or passive coping strategies was assessed by a questionnaire. The results showed that passive coping was related to blink rate, anxiety, and nervousness. Active coping was related to nervousness. Based on the median score for passive coping, participants were classified as high (n=37) or low (n=41). The high group had a significantly increased blink rate and anxiety level compared to the low group. Passive coping strategies increased nervousness; however, active coping strategies may have had a moderating effect on nervousness.

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Cocenas-Silva, Raquel, Sylvie Droit-Volet e Edilaine Cristina Silva Gherardi-Donato. "Chronic Stress Impairs Temporal Memory". Timing & Time Perception 7, n. 2 (25 aprile 2019): 108–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134468-20191138.

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Abstract (sommario):

Temporal memory is formed from processes encoding and consolidating durations in memory. These processes can be enhanced in acute stressful contexts, which increase the arousal level, typical of the alert phase of the General Adaptation Syndrome of stress. However, prolonged stressful experiences (chronic stress) can cause damage to the storage of duration in memory. This study investigated the effects of psychological and physiological stress on the temporal memory of 50 nurses working in an emergency situation. They performed a temporal generalization task with a retention delay of 24 hours between the learning of a standard duration (4 s) and testing. Their blood was collected to examine circulating inflammatory markers related to stress. Their feeling of stress was also examined with two self-reported questionnaires, the Job Stress Scale (JSS) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The results show that temporal judgment is more variable when participants have high exposure to occupational stress (JSS). A quadratic relationship was also observed between the accuracy of time judgment and the level of perceived stress. Indeed, the proportion of accurate responses increased until a certain threshold of perceived stress, and then decreased. The results also showed a significant quadratic relationship between nitric oxide and the proportion of accurate responses. A low stress level is positively related to improving memory for a time, consistent with the reaction triggered in the alarm stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome of stress. However, above a certain level of stress, psychological and physiological stress damages temporal memory.

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De Witte, Nele A. J., Inez Buyck e Tom Van Daele. "Combining Biofeedback with Stress Management Interventions: A Systematic Review of Physiological and Psychological Effects". Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback 44, n. 2 (2 gennaio 2019): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10484-018-09427-7.

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Compton, Rebecca J., e David A. Mintzer. "Effects of worry and evaluation stress on interhemispheric interaction." Neuropsychology 15, n. 4 (2001): 427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0894-4105.15.4.427.

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van der Ploeg, Melanie M., Jos F. Brosschot, Markus Quirin, Richard D. Lane e Bart Verkuil. "Inducing Unconscious Stress". Journal of Psychophysiology 34, n. 3 (1 luglio 2020): 192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000247.

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Abstract. Stress-related stimuli may be presented outside of awareness and may ultimately influence health by causing repetitive increases in physiological parameters, such as blood pressure (BP). In this study, we aimed to corroborate previous studies that demonstrated BP effects of subliminally presented stress-related stimuli. This would add evidence to the hypothesis that unconscious manifestations of stress can affect somatic health. Additionally, we suggest that these findings may be extended by measuring affective changes relating to these physiological changes, using measures for self-reported and implicit positive and negative affectivity. Using a repeated measures between-subject design, we presented either the prime word “angry” ( n = 26) or “relax” ( n = 28) subliminally (17 ms) for 100 trials to a student sample and measured systolic and diastolic BP, heart rate (HR), and affect. The “angry” prime, compared to the “relax” prime, did not affect any of the outcome variables. During the priming task, a higher level of implicit negative affect (INA) was associated with a lower systolic BP and diastolic BP. No association was found with HR. Self-reported affect and implicit positive affect were not related to the cardiovascular (CV) activity. In sum, anger and relax primes elicited similar CV activity patterns, but implicit measures of affect may provide a new method to examine the relationship between (unconscious) stress and health.

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Volkaert, Brenda, Sandra Verbeken, Taaike Debeuf, Nathalie Michels e Caroline Braet. "Training Self-compassion: Exploring the Effects on Adolescents’ Physiological and Self-reported Stress Responses". Mindfulness 13, n. 4 (14 febbraio 2022): 897–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-022-01838-2.

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Cooke, Robert A., Denise M. Rousseau e J. Clayton Lafferty. "Personal Orientations and Their Relation to Psychological and Physiological Symptoms of Strain". Psychological Reports 62, n. 1 (febbraio 1988): 223–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.62.1.223.

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Psychological and physiological symptoms of strain are investigated with consideration of five personal orientations hypothesized to be causally related to health and illness: self-image, locus of control, interpersonal orientation, goal orientation, and time orientation. The Stress Processing Report, an instrument designed to measure dysfunctional thinking styles, was administered to 816 individuals who also provided self-report data on psychological and physiological symptoms of strain. Clusters of symptoms were identified empirically and regressed on the personal orientations, controlling for the age and income of respondents. The five personal orientations were directly and, to some extent, differentially related to the clusters of symptoms. These findings, along with those of other recent studies, underscore the importance of considering the direct effects of individual characteristics in research on stress.

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Lin, Wei, Qibing Chen, Xiaoxia Zhang, Jinying Tao, Zongfang Liu, Bingyang Lyu, Nian Li, Di Li e Chengcheng Zeng. "Effects of Different Bamboo Forest Spaces on Psychophysiological Stress and Spatial Scale Evaluation". Forests 11, n. 6 (1 giugno 2020): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11060616.

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Forests are large-scale green space resources that may exert a positive impact on human physiology and psychology. Forests can be divided into mixed forest and pure forest, according to the number of dominant tree species. Pure forest offers specific advantages for the study of spatial structure and scale. In this study, a type of pure forest (i.e., bamboo forest) was adopted as a research object to investigate differences in the physiological and psychological responses of psychologically pressured college students to different types of forest space. We recruited 60 participants and randomly assigned them to three experimental groups: forest interior space (FIS), forest external space (FES) and forest path space (FPS). All participants were asked to perform the same pre-test task but different post-test tasks. The pre-test involved performing a pressure-inducing task, whereas the post-test involved viewing photographs of each space type. The same indicators were measured in both the pre- and post-test, including a β/α index from each lobe, positive emotion, negative emotion and total mood disturbance (TMD) values, according to the profile of mood states (POMS), in addition to spatial scale preferences obtained through a questionnaire and interviews. We analysed brain waves and mood indicators through analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), whereby the FES group exhibited the best physiological and psychological relaxation effect. The FPS group displayed a medium effect, and the FIS group exhibited the worst effect. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse the spatial scale scores. The FPS and FES types achieved a higher spatial scale preference scores than the FIS type. Based on a comparison of the psychophysiological results with the spatial scale preference results, spatial structure and scale are considered to be important intrinsic factors that influence the health effects of pure forest. The results can provide guidance for forest-related human health activities and their management.

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Doan, Stacey N., e Gary W. Evans. "Maternal responsiveness moderates the relationship between allostatic load and working memory". Development and Psychopathology 23, n. 3 (15 luglio 2011): 873–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579411000368.

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AbstractA substantial amount of research has demonstrated the deleterious effects of chronic stress on memory. However, much less is known about protective factors. In the current study we test the role of maternal responsiveness in buffering the effects of childhood allostatic load on subsequent adolescent working memory. Allostatic load is a marker of cumulative stress on the body that is caused by mobilization of multiple physiological systems in response to chronic environmental demands. Results of the study suggest that allostatic load negatively affects working memory, but that this effect is significantly attenuated in children with responsive mothers.

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Börjesson, Marcus, Carolina Lundqvist, Henrik Gustafsson e Paul Davis. "Flotation REST as a Stress Reduction Method: The Effects on Anxiety, Muscle Tension, and Performance". Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology 12, n. 3 (1 settembre 2018): 333–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2017-0032.

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The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of flotation REST upon skilled and less skilled golfers’ anxiety in terms of physiological indicators of stress, self-rated anxiety scores, muscle tension, and the effect on golf putting. Prior to performing the putting task participants underwent a treatment of flotation REST or a period of resting in an armchair. Participants completed both treatments in a randomized order with a two-week interval. The results showed that both flotation REST and the armchair treatment reduced systolic blood pressure and heart rate, with no differences between treatments or athlete skill levels. No significant differences between treatments were revealed regarding self-ratings, level of muscle tension or putting precision. The results indicate that flotation REST may be useful for reducing negative symptoms related to stress and anxiety in general; however, no support for direct positive effects on golf performance were found.

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Fonareva, Irina, e Barry S. Oken. "Physiological and functional consequences of caregiving for relatives with dementia". International Psychogeriatrics 26, n. 5 (10 febbraio 2014): 725–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610214000039.

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ABSTRACTBackground:Chronic stress negatively affects health and well-being. A growing population of informal dementia caregivers experience chronic stress associated with extraordinary demands of caring for a relative with dementia. This review summarizes physiological and functional changes due to chronic dementia caregiver stress.Methods:A literature search for papers assessing effects of dementia caregiving was conducted focusing on publications evaluating differences between caregivers and non-caregivers in objective measures of health and cognition.Results:The review identified 37 studies describing data from 4,145 participants including 749 dementia caregivers and 3,396 non-caregiver peers. Objective outcome measures affected in dementia caregivers included markers of dyscoagulation, inflammation, and cell aging as well as measures of immune function, sleep, and cognition. Though diverse in designs, samples, and study quality, the majority of the studies indicated increased vulnerability of dementia caregivers to detrimental changes in health and cognition. Demographic and personality characteristics moderating or mediating effects of chronic stress in caregivers were also reviewed.Conclusions:There is accumulating evidence that chronic dementia caregiver stress increases their vulnerability to disease and diminishes their ability to provide optimal care. Clinicians and society need to appreciate the extent of deleterious effects of chronic stress on dementia caregiver health.

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Hackford, Jessie, Anna Mackey e Elizabeth Broadbent. "The effects of walking posture on affective and physiological states during stress". Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 62 (marzo 2019): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2018.09.004.

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Fourie, Phillip. "Effects of RSA Feedback on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptomatology". Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling 16, n. 2 (1 dicembre 2006): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/ajgc.16.2.249.

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AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the anxiety disorders with particularly debilitating effects due to flashbacks and hypervigilance in daily life. Treatments commonly focus upon either pharmacological or psychotherapeutic modalities, but there is often a need to merge both of these approaches to deal effectively with the somatic, as well as the psychological, symptoms of PTSD in particular clients. This case study reports the application of a combined approach, using both client-centred counselling plus biofeedback of respiratory sinus arrhythmia to train the client to control his exaggerated sympathetic nervous system responses. Results indicated that both physiological and psychological measures of PTSD in this client significantly reduced during the seven treatment sessions.

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Suarez, Edward C., Patrice G. Saab, Maria M. Llabre, Cynthia M. Kuhn e Eugene Zimmerman. "Ethnicity, gender, and age effects on adrenoceptors and physiological responses to emotional stress". Psychophysiology 41, n. 3 (4 febbraio 2004): 450–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.00161.x.

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Bruning, Nealia S., e David R. Frew. "Effects of exercise, relaxation, and management skills training on physiological stress indicators: A field experiment." Journal of Applied Psychology 72, n. 4 (1987): 515–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.72.4.515.

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Billman, George E. "The effect of unilateral stellectomy on the regulation of heart rate during behavioral stress". Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Science 27, n. 1 (gennaio 1992): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02691089.

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