Articoli di riviste: "Stress ecology"

1

CALOW, PETER. "Evolution, ecology and environmental stress". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 37, n. 1-2 (6 maggio 1989): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1989.tb02001.x.

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M.N., Flynn, e Pereira W.R.L.S. "Population Approach in Ecotoxicology (Stress Ecology)". Journal of the Brazilian Society of Ecotoxicology 8, n. 1 (1 luglio 2013): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5132/eec.2013.01.011.

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3

Straalen, Nico M. Van. "Peer Reviewed: Ecotoxicology Becomes Stress Ecology". Environmental Science & Technology 37, n. 17 (settembre 2003): 324A—330A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0325720.

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4

Lemons, John. "Can Stress Ecology Adequately Inform Environmental Ethics?" Journal of Environmental Systems 15, n. 2 (1 gennaio 1985): 103–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/rpux-36ge-8fkk-563v.

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5

Galván, Ismael, e Francisco Solano. "Melanin Chemistry and the Ecology of Stress". Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 88, n. 3 (maggio 2015): 352–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/680362.

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Haussmann, Mark F., e Nicole M. Marchetto. "Telomeres: Linking stress and survival, ecology and evolution". Current Zoology 56, n. 6 (1 dicembre 2010): 714–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/56.6.714.

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Abstract Telomeres are protective structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. The loss of telomeres through cell division and oxidative stress is related to cellular aging, organismal growth and disease. In this way, telomeres link molecular and cellular mechanisms with organismal processes, and may explain variation in a number of important life-history traits. Here, we discuss how telomere biology relates to the study of physiological ecology and life history evolution. We emphasize current knowledge on how telomeres may relate to growth, survival and lifespan in natural populations. We finish by examining interesting new connections between telomeres and the glucocorticoid stress response. Glucocorticoids are often employed as indices of physiological condition, and there is evidence that the glucocorticoid stress response is adaptive. We suggest that one way that glucocorticoids impact organismal survival is through elevated oxidative stress and telomere loss. Future work needs to establish and explore the link between the glucocorticoid stress response and telomere shortening in natural populations. If a link is found, it provides an explanatory mechanism by which environmental perturbation impacts life history trajectories.

7

Clinchy, Michael, Michael J. Sheriff e Liana Y. Zanette. "Predator-induced stress and the ecology of fear". Functional Ecology 27, n. 1 (29 ottobre 2012): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12007.

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Boonstra, Rudy. "The ecology of stress: a marriage of disciplines". Functional Ecology 27, n. 1 (28 gennaio 2013): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12048.

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9

Romero, L. Michael. "Physiological stress in ecology: lessons from biomedical research". Trends in Ecology & Evolution 19, n. 5 (maggio 2004): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2004.03.008.

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Withgott, J. "ECOLOGY: Signs of Stress Seen in Snowmobile Season". Science 296, n. 5574 (7 giugno 2002): 1784b—1785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.296.5574.1784b.

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Negi, Vishal Singh, Archana Pal, Ratnesh Singh, Dulal Borthakur, Archana Pala, Vishal Singh Negi, Dulal Borthakur et al. "Pacific Rim Forestry / Silviculture and Forest Ecology". Journal of Forestry 109, n. 8 (1 dicembre 2011): 557–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jof/109.8.557.

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Abstract Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) is an important agroforestry tree of tropics and subtropics due to its protein rich foliages, ability to grow on poor soils, and high level of tolerance to various stresses including drought and diseases. We hypothesized that leucaena have a unique set of genes which confer tolerance to various abiotic and biotic stresses and these genes are either absent or not expressed in other legumes that are susceptible to these stress conditions. Interspecies suppression subtractive hybridization (iSSH) was performed to identify some unique genes from leucaena using cDNAs from leucaena and Acacia confusa (acacia) as the tester and driver, respectively. We identified 100 leucaena genes showing homology to various plant genes with known functions, of which 23 genes had homology to various stress-related proteins including chitinase, PR-10 protein, wound-stress protein, type-2 metallothionein, thaumatin-like protein, disease resistance response protein, cysteine proteinase, and kunitz trypsin inhibitor. We also identified 50 leucaena genes which either had homology to hypothetical proteins (HyPs) or had no homology at all. Putative functions of 15 HyPs were predicted using conserved domain and PSI-BLAST analyses. Linear motif analyses identified 17 HyPs with MAPK recognition motif, which is involved in signaling pathways, including stress responses. This study identified 23 known and some putative unique stress-related genes from leucaena which may serve as a useful source of stress-tolerance genes for tree and crop improvement in the future.

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Creel, Scott, Ben Dantzer, Wolfgang Goymann e Dustin R. Rubenstein. "The ecology of stress: effects of the social environment". Functional Ecology 27, n. 1 (16 luglio 2012): 66–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.02029.x.

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Hartig, Terry, Gunn Johansson e Camilla Kylin. "Residence in the Social Ecology of Stress and Restoration". Journal of Social Issues 59, n. 3 (luglio 2003): 611–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-4560.00080.

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Silliman, Brian R., e Qiang He. "Physical Stress, Consumer Control, and New Theory in Ecology". Trends in Ecology & Evolution 33, n. 7 (luglio 2018): 492–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2018.04.015.

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15

Lesser, Michael P. "OXIDATIVE STRESS IN MARINE ENVIRONMENTS: Biochemistry and Physiological Ecology". Annual Review of Physiology 68, n. 1 (gennaio 2006): 253–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physiol.68.040104.110001.

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16

Costantini, D. "Oxidative stress in the ecology and evolution of birds". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 151, n. 1 (settembre 2008): S49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.05.163.

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Heckmann, Lars-Henrik, Richard M. Sibly, Richard Connon, Helen L. Hooper, Thomas H. Hutchinson, Steve J. Maund, Christopher J. Hill, Anthony Bouetard e Amanda Callaghan. "Systems biology meets stress ecology: linking molecular and organismal stress responses in Daphnia magna". Genome Biology 9, n. 2 (2008): R40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2008-9-2-r40.

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Evans, Gary W., Franklin D. Becker, Alicia Zahn, Elena Bilotta e Alyssa M. Keesee. "Capturing the Ecology of Workplace Stress With Cumulative Risk Assessment". Environment and Behavior 44, n. 1 (2 dicembre 2010): 136–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916510389981.

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19

Costantini, David. "Oxidative stress in ecology and evolution: lessons from avian studies". Ecology Letters 11, n. 11 (18 settembre 2008): 1238–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01246.x.

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Van den Brink, Paul J. "Ecological Risk Assessment: From Book-Keeping to Chemical Stress Ecology". Environmental Science & Technology 42, n. 24 (15 dicembre 2008): 8999–9004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es801991c.

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21

Jackson Soller, Aubrey, e Erin R. Coleman. "The gendered ecology of violent victimization and the stress process". Wellbeing, Space and Society 6 (2024): 100200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wss.2024.100200.

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22

Wesche, Karsten. "The importance of occasional droughts for afroalpine landscape ecology". Journal of Tropical Ecology 19, n. 2 (10 febbraio 2003): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467403003225.

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The paper presents climatic and plant ecological data for unusually severe dry-season conditions on Mt. Elgon (Uganda/Kenya) and the Bale Mountains (Ethiopia). There is clear evidence that plants are exposed to desiccation stress during high-altitude droughts, which occur on average every 7-10 y in the study sites. Although high vapour-pressure deficits and consequently high potential evapotranspiration led to conspicuous wilting of several plant species, no lethal damage was observed and plant communities maintained increased flowering activity under drought conditions. Moreover, highest outposts of ericaceous vegetation were regularly found on thin soil covering rocky outcrops, where water stress apparently is high. Probably more important than direct water stress are the extensive fires occurring under drought conditions, which cause large-scale replacement of woody vegetation by grasslands. Additional consequences of drought include adverse conditions for seedling stablishment.

23

Wang, Hongchun, Bing Zhang, Liyao Dong e Yuanlai Lou. "Seed Germination Ecology of Catchweed Bedstraw (Galium aparine)". Weed Science 64, n. 4 (dicembre 2016): 634–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-15-00129.1.

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The influence of temperature, light, solution pH, water stress, salt stress, and burial depth on seed germination and seedling emergence of catchweed bedstraw and the sensitivity of that weed to commonly available herbicides in China were studied in laboratory and greenhouse. Germination occurred at day/night temperatures from 5/0 C to 30/25 C, with optimum germination at 15/10 C. Catchweed bedstraw germinated equally well under a 12-h photoperiod and continuous darkness; however, a 24-h photoperiod inhibited seed germination. Catchweed bedstraw seed is moderately sensitive to osmotic potential and salt stress, with 15 and 3% germination rates at an osmotic potential of −0.5 Mpa and salinity level of 120 mM, respectively. Maximum seed germination was observed in near neutral pH; germination was greater than 80% over a broad pH range from 5 to 8. Seedling emergence of the seeds buried at a depth of 1 cm was higher (74%) than those placed on the soil surface (20%), but declined with burial depth increasing. Few (10%) seedlings emerged when seeds were placed at a depth of 5 cm. Bensulfuron-methyl, and ethametsulfuron-methyl applied PRE and tribenuron-methyl, fluroxypyr, and florasulam applied POST can be used to provide greater than 80% control of catchweed bedstraw. The results of this study have contributed to more complete understanding of the germination and emergence of catchweed bedstraw.

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Baptista, Giovani, e Maria Veronica Gandha. "MOOD ECOLOGY AKTIVATOR UNTUK SETIAP TEMPAT". Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa) 3, n. 2 (3 febbraio 2022): 1905. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v3i2.12346.

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Along with the times, the human population and the demands of the times continue to grow, so humans must adapt to survive. In life, humans face many obstacles that affect their mental condition and performance. When humans are in a happy mood, the degree of quality of human life increases, and vice versa. However, life in this fast-paced and dense urban area makes it difficult for them to release their stressful feelings due to the problems they face every day, the space as a stress-relief place in urban areas is not enough to handle stress in this crowded city. The design of a space as an activator for human mood is designed to reach points in urban areas, in order to help release their stress. A place that helps people's activities and helps release the stress they face. Dense cities, make people have to be able to make good use of space. Therefore, this activator chamber is designed to have a small-scale area. This project starts from determining the main program and objectives, the main program will be proposed at each point of project development, but this program will still be reviewed for suitability with the site to be taken. Then a sample location was taken, namely Pasar Baru Village as a research location before this project was spread to various points in urban areas. Three locations were found in Pasar Baru Village, due to differences in the function and compatibility of the main program with the function of the program to be referred to at that site. The results of this sample will then be used as a reference for project development at different location points in the future. Keywords: Activator; Mood; Room; Stress.AbstrakSeiring perkembangan zaman, populasi manusia dan tuntutan zaman pun terus berkembang sehingga manusia harus menyesuaikan diri untuk dapat bertahan hidup. Dalam kehidupannya manusia menghadapi banyak rintangan yang mempengaruhi kondisi dari mental dan kinerja mereka. Ketika manusia berada dalam suasana hati yang senang, maka derajat kualitas hidup manusia pun meningkat, begitu pun sebaliknya. Namun, kehidupan di perkotaan yang serba cepat dan padat ini, membuat mereka sulit untuk melepaskan perasaan stres mereka akibat masalah yang dihadapi setiap harinya, ruangan sebagai tempat pelepas stres yang ada di perkotaan tidak cukup untuk menangani stres di perkotaan yang padat ini. Perancangan sebuah ruang sebagai aktivator bagi suasana hati manusia ini dirancang untuk menjangkau titik - titik yang ada di perkotaan, supaya dapat membantu melepaskan stres mereka. Tempat yang membantu aktivitas masyarakat dan membantu melepaskan stres yang mereka hadapi. Perkotaan yang padat, membuat manusia harus dapat memanfaatkan ruangan dengan baik. Oleh karena itu ruang aktivator ini dirancang agar memiliki luasan berskala kecil. Proyek ini dimulai dari menentukan program dan tujuan utama, program utama akan diajukan pada setiap titik pengembangan proyek, namun program ini akan tetap dikaji kembali kecocokannya dengan tapak yang akan diambil. Lalu diambil sampel lokasi, yaitu Kelurahan Pasar Baru sebagai lokasi penelitian sebelum proyek ini disebar ke berbagai titik di perkotaan. Ditemukan 3 titik lokasi pada Kelurahan Pasar Baru, karena perbedaan fungsi dan kecocokan program utama dengan fungsi program yang akan dirujuk pada tapak tersebut. Hasil sampel ini kemudian akan menjadi acuan bagi pengembangan proyek di titik lokasi yang berbeda kedepannya.

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Whitten, Kenneth R. "Ecology of the Porcupine caribou herd". Rangifer 16, n. 4 (1 gennaio 1996): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.16.4.1220.

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Researchers have described general patterns of population regulation that fit most caribou (Rangifer tarandus) herds. Nevertheless, specific factors operating on particular populations vary greatly, and efforts to categorize herds according to the general patterns often lead to confusion. It is difficult for biologists to attempt to describe population dynamics in terms of density relationships for wide-ranging arctic caribou such as the Porcupine Herd. In these herds density varies as a function of dispersal and erratic movement patterns and is not simply the number of caribou divided by a fixed range area. Density is also a poor surrogate for resource availability per individual caribou because climatic factors affect forage and/or access to forage independendy of caribou numbers. Thus classic signs of nutritional stress such as delayed puberty, reduced productivity, and winter starvation can occur when a population is small as well as large and do not necessarily denote food competition brought on by high density, per se. Nutritional stress and exacerbated predation due to adverse weather conditions occasionally cause the Porcupine Herd to decline, and limiting factors such as poor nutrition, predation, harvest, accidents, and disease act in combination to keep herd growth rates low during periods of good weather. Adverse weather setbacks occur frequently, and the herd remains within a fairly restricted range of densities over long time periods. There is no true density dependent regulation and no equilibrium in this system.

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Ebner, Joshua Niklas. "Trends in the Application of “Omics” to Ecotoxicology and Stress Ecology". Genes 12, n. 10 (23 settembre 2021): 1481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12101481.

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Our ability to predict and assess how environmental changes such as pollution and climate change affect components of the Earth’s biome is of paramount importance. This need positioned the fields of ecotoxicology and stress ecology at the center of environmental monitoring efforts. Advances in these interdisciplinary fields depend not only on conceptual leaps but also on technological advances and data integration. High-throughput “omics” technologies enabled the measurement of molecular changes at virtually all levels of an organism’s biological organization and thus continue to influence how the impacts of stressors are understood. This bibliometric review describes literature trends (2000–2020) that indicate that more different stressors than species are studied each year but that only a few stressors have been studied in more than two phyla. At the same time, the molecular responses of a diverse set of non-model species have been investigated, but cross-species comparisons are still rare. While transcriptomics studies dominated until 2016, a shift towards proteomics and multiomics studies is apparent. There is now a wealth of data at functional omics levels from many phylogenetically diverse species. This review, therefore, addresses the question of how to integrate omics information across species.

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Reeder, DeeAnn M., e Kristin M. Kramer. "STRESS IN FREE-RANGING MAMMALS: INTEGRATING PHYSIOLOGY, ECOLOGY, AND NATURAL HISTORY". Journal of Mammalogy 86, n. 2 (aprile 2005): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1644/bhe-003.1.

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SCHWENDEL, ARVED C., RUSSELL G. DEATH e IAN C. FULLER. "The assessment of shear stress and bed stability in stream ecology". Freshwater Biology 55, n. 2 (febbraio 2010): 261–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02293.x.

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Halstead, Paul, e Glynis Jones. "Agrarian ecology in the Greek Islands: time stress, scale and risk". Journal of Hellenic Studies 109 (novembre 1989): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/632031.

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A botanical study of crop processing was undertaken on the semi-arid, southern Aegean islands of Karpathos and Amorgos. The present article provides details of the crop processing activities, and some contextual information concerning the wider agricultural economy. Attention is drawn to three aspects of this wider economy (time stress, scale and risk) which are of particular significance for understanding both recent ‘traditional’ and ancient farming practice in the region. Amorgos is discussed in greater detail as the period of fieldwork was longer.

30

van Straalen, Nico M., e Cornelis A. M. van Gestel. "A stress ecology framework for comprehensive risk assessment of diffuse pollution". Science of The Total Environment 406, n. 3 (dicembre 2008): 479–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.06.054.

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31

Körner, Christian. "Concepts in Alpine Plant Ecology". Plants 12, n. 14 (17 luglio 2023): 2666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12142666.

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The alpine life zone is perhaps the only biome that occurs globally where mountains are high enough. At latitudinally varying elevation, the alpine belt hosts small stature plants that vary greatly in morphology, anatomy and physiology. In this contribution, I summarize a number of principles that govern life in what is often considered a cold and hostile environment. The 12 conceptual frameworks depicted include the key role of aerodynamic decoupling from free atmospheric climatic conditions, the problematic concepts of limitation and stress in an evolutionary context, and the role of developmental flexibility and functional diversity. With its topography driven habitat diversity, alpine plant diversity is buffered against environmental change, and the multitude of microclimatic gradients offers ‘experiments by nature’, the power of which awaits multidisciplinary exploration.

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Kupfer, John A. "Landscape ecology and biogeography". Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 19, n. 1 (marzo 1995): 18–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913339501900102.

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The growing recognition that spatial scale and heterogeneity affect ecological processes has focused heightened attention over the last decade on principles from the field of landscape ecology. Landscape ecologists, drawing on principles from a diverse array of disciplines and fields, including physical and human geography, focus explicitly on the interrelation between landscape structure (i.e., pattern) and landscape function (i.e., processes). In this article, I discuss the application of landscape ecological principles to a specific and pressing issue: nature reserve design and functioning. To do so, I outline and review five landscape ecological themes with relevance to reserve design and management: reserve distribution, reserve shape, landscape corridor design and functioning, boundary dynamics, and reserve functioning. I particularly stress: 1) the role that landscape ecological theories may have in integrating existing principles from applied biogeography and population biology, and 2) the unique insights provided by a landscape ecological approach. Finally, I argue that biogeographers, because of our distinct skills, need to be more active in the development and advancement of landscape ecological theory.

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Clarke, A., e J. Davenport. "Environmental Stress and Behavioural Adaptation." Journal of Applied Ecology 23, n. 1 (aprile 1986): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2403104.

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Dawson, A., e J. Davenport. "Environmental Stress and Behavioural Adaptation." Journal of Applied Ecology 22, n. 3 (dicembre 1985): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2403255.

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Sack, Lawren, e Thomas N. Buckley. "Trait Multi-Functionality in Plant Stress Response". Integrative and Comparative Biology 60, n. 1 (11 dicembre 2019): 98–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icz152.

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Abstract Plants often experience multiple stresses in a given day or season, and it is self-evident that given functional traits can provide tolerances of multiple stresses. Yet, the multiple functions of individual traits are rarely explicitly considered in ecology and evolution due to a lack of a quantitative framework. We present a theory for considering the combined importance of the several functions that a single trait can contribute to alleviating multiple stresses. We derive five inter-related general predictions: (1) that trait multifunctionality is overall highly beneficial to fitness; (2) that species possessing multifunctional traits should increase in abundance and in niche breadth; (3) that traits are typically optimized for multiple functions and thus can be far from optimal for individual functions; (4) that the relative importance of each function of a multifunctional trait depends on the environment; and (5) that traits will be often “co-opted” for additional functions during evolution and community assembly. We demonstrate how the theory can be applied quantitatively by examining the multiple functions of leaf trichomes (hairs) using heuristic model simulations, substantiating the general principles. We identify avenues for further development and applications of the theory of trait multifunctionality in ecology and evolution.

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Reinecke, S. A. "Old and new tendencies in ecotoxicology: the relevance of stress ecology and ecotoxicogenomics". Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 24, n. 3 (23 settembre 2005): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v24i3.175.

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The relatively young science, ecotoxicology, has changed substantially during the last decade from a more practically oriented science to a basic one with more focus on problem solving and the search for causalities in the study of effects. In this article the origin and position of the discipline is analysed, as well as the influence of new developments in the fields of bio-informatics and genetics. The merit of this is discussed and the conclusion made that ecotoxicology can be seen as a separate science, notwithstanding its multidisciplinarity. A review is given of the historic development of the subject and its connection with broad ecology as an example of stress ecology. The importance of incorporating the most recent research developments in biology into ecotoxicology, such as bio-informatics, multivariate statistics and genomics, is discussed. The view is expressed that ecotoxicology will be changing in the near future to include ecotoxicogenomics. This will be a result of the interaction between ecotoxicology and ecology on the cross roads with genomics and bio- informatics.

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Taheri, M., J. Gherekhloo, S. Sohrabi, A. Siahmarguee e S. Hassanpour-bourkheili. "Sea Barley (Hordeum Marinum) Seed Germination Ecology and Seedling Emergence". Acta Botanica Hungarica 66, n. 1-2 (8 maggio 2024): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/034.66.2024.1-2.8.

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Sea barley is weedy grass in agricultural landscapes and infrastructure habitats (roads, railroads, etc.) in Golestan province (the northern part of Iran). This study investigated the germination of sea barley in response to temperature, water potentials, salinity, pH levels, waterlogging, heat stress and also seedling emergence in response to burial depth. Results showed that sea barley seeds germinated over a wide range of temperatures from 5 to 35 °C, with the highest germination at 25 °C. Seed germination was rapidly reduced with increasing osmotic potential so that germination declined by 36% at –0.2 MPa. This was also the case for the salinity stress, and germination declined by 30% at 40 mM NaCl. Seed germination was the highest (> 65%) in 6 to 7 pHs and no germination was observed at alkali levels. Heat stress completely inhibited the germination of seeds at all tested temperatures and durations. Sea barley seed germination was higher than 50% after being waterlogged for 45 days, and some germination (12%) still occurred 60 days after waterlogging. The highest seedling growth occurred at 1–2 cm soil depth and was negligible at ≥5 cm soil depths. The results of this study indicate that deep tillage or flamethrower may be good options to mitigate the negative impacts of this weed.

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Stokes, Courtney A., Gregory E. MacDonald, Carrie Reinhardt Adams, Kenneth A. Langeland e Deborah L. Miller. "Seed Biology and Ecology of Natalgrass (Melinis repens)". Weed Science 59, n. 4 (dicembre 2011): 527–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-11-00028.1.

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Natalgrass is an invasive species that has become increasingly problematic in natural areas in Florida and other subtropical and tropical regions around the world. Natalgrass is a prolific seed producer, but little information is available regarding its seed biology and ecology. Research was conducted to determine levels of seed dormancy and to examine the effects of light, temperature, pH, water stress, and depth of burial on natalgrass seed germination. In addition, seed persistence under field conditions was examined both on the soil surface and while buried. Seeds appeared to undergo afterripening. Seed germination was not light dependent and occurred from 15 to 35 C, with optimum germination occurring at 20 to 35 C. Germination occurred at pH levels of 6 and 8 and was affected by water stress; no germination was observed at osmotic potentials less than −0.2 MPa. Seeds emerged from depths of at least 5 cm. Under field conditions, germination was reduced after burial; however, burial lengths of 3 to 15 mo did not result in differences in germination levels. Seedling numbers from seed deposits on the soil surface were greatly reduced after 1 mo, and no seedling emergence was observed after 4 mo.

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van Stralen, Daved, e Thomas Mercer. "Pandemic COVID-19, the High-Reliability Organization (HRO), and the Ecology of Fear". Neonatology Today 15, n. 12 (20 dicembre 2020): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.51362/neonatology.today/2020121512129138.

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COVID-19 has changed the social, financial, and political environments for healthcare. Healthcare organizations have abruptly changed operations for a new environment due to pervasive threats to the organization, patients, and healthcare professionals. While the direct, infectious presence of COVID-19 as a threat would seem to cause the greatest stress to the healthcare system, perhaps the absence of the threat may cause more severe and wide-ranging problems. Ecological studies demonstrate a greater decrease in prey populations from the predator’s absence due to an “ecology of fear.” By analogy, organizations share these trait responses and can develop an organizational culture of stress or stress. HRO describes functional traits for effective operations in environments of severe threat.

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Parsons, P. A. "Evolutionary Rates: Stress and Species Boundaries". Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 22, n. 1 (novembre 1991): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.22.110191.000245.

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Valentine, David L. "Adaptations to energy stress dictate the ecology and evolution of the Archaea". Nature Reviews Microbiology 5, n. 4 (5 marzo 2007): 316–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro1619.

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Axia, Vanna D., e Thomas S. Weisner. "Infant stress reactivity and Home Cultural Ecology of Italian infants and families". Infant Behavior and Development 25, n. 3 (gennaio 2002): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0163-6383(02)00099-1.

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Milillo, Sara R., Erik C. Friedly, Joshua C. Saldivar, Arunachalam Muthaiyan, Corliss O'bryan, Philip G. Crandall, Michael G. Johnson e Steven C. Ricke. "A Review of the Ecology, Genomics, and Stress Response ofListeria innocuaandListeria monocytogenes". Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 52, n. 8 (agosto 2012): 712–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2010.507909.

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Lemos, Marco F. L., Bernardo Duarte, Vanessa F. Fonseca e Sara C. Novais. "Effects on Biomarkers in Stress Ecology Studies. Well, So What? What Now?" Biology 11, n. 12 (8 dicembre 2022): 1777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11121777.

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Abstract (sommario):

Effects assessed at higher levels of biological organization (populations and communities) are the consequence of the sum of effects on individuals, which usually result from impacts at cellular and molecular levels. Given this rationale, these lower levels of biological organization are more responsive at an early stage, making them potential resources that can be used as early warning endpoints to address environmental stress. In this way, the information concerning effects at the molecular level of biological organization (e.g., transcripts, proteins, or metabolites) allows for an early assessment of future ecosystem problems, which may eventually enable a timely intervention before the impacts become visible and irreversible. However, despite providing an early warning and a better understanding of the toxicity mechanisms, enabling the protection of biological integrity, the most significant setback is that these endpoints may fail to foresee later impacts on the environment due to the ecosystem resilience or a weak link to the effects in the following level of biological organization, making these tools simply too conservative for stakeholders’ interests. Hence, an approach targeting lower levels of biological organization will greatly benefit from addressing potential effects at higher levels. This can be achieved by establishing a link in biological organization, where the effects assessed at the lower end of biological organization are linked with the high probability of causing an effect at the other end, inducing changes in populations and communities, and eventually altering ecosystems in the future.

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Halfon, Efraim. "The Application of Ecological Modelling to Toxic Contaminants and Ecosystem Stress". Water Quality Research Journal 24, n. 2 (1 maggio 1989): 323–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1989.019.

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Abstract This review analyzes the application of ecological modelling to problems concerning toxic contaminants and ecosystem stress and explains the purpose and methods of the systems ecology approach, which could be useful to individuals involved in data gathering activities. The review provides operational definitions of ecosystem stress, gives a description of methods of the systems approach and analyzes several topics of interest such as the application of expert system methods in the environmental field and methods of ranking. Recommendations are given to managers in charge of monitoring activities can benefit by interacting with systems ecologists. Four topics are analyzed in detail: 1) Ecosystem stress. To assess the impact that toxic contaminants have on ecosystems we must give an operational definition of ecosystem stress and how to observe it. 2) The purpose and methods of the systems ecology approach. 3) The application of artificial intelligent methods in the environmental field. 4) Methods of ranking.

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Kant, Medelin, Julie Angle, William M. Hammond e Henry D. Adams. "Stressed about Drought Stress". American Biology Teacher 82, n. 8 (ottobre 2020): 553–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2020.82.8.553.

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Climate change is causing widespread forest mortality due to intensified drought conditions. In light of a dynamically changing planet, understanding when forest die-off will occur is vital in predicting forest response to future climate trends. The Environmental Ecology Lab studies plant physiological response to drought stress to determine the lethal level of drought for pinyon pine. This drought research inspired this high school biology lesson, which addresses the NGSS Performance Expectation HS-LS4-6. Students engage in a climate change discussion regarding the devastation of California wildfires. Ongoing research in the lab is then introduced, leading students to design their own drought experiment using radish plants. Students determine an effective drought detector as a solution to mitigate human-induced climate change. Experimental data are statistically tested using R, to determine the effectiveness of drought detectors. To place their observations in a global context, students research the NASA Global Climate Change website to provide evidence to support their claim of human-induced climate change and relate this to a reduction in biodiversity. In a final presentation, groups share their most effective physiological measurement and propose potential applications of drought detection in mitigating adverse impacts of climate change.

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Bagadaeva, Olga, Marina Golubchikova, Elena Kamenskaya e Mariam Arpentieva. "Ecological aspects of the education and resilience of preschool teachers". E3S Web of Conferences 284 (2021): 09021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128409021.

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An individual acquires environmental knowledge and skills (competencies) in several ways. In addition to direct training within the framework of special courses, the ecology of everyday interactions and human behavior is of great importance, especially in the early stages of development, starting with preschool age. The ecology of pedagogical interaction as a system of environmentally literate relationships between educational subjects includes a number of indicators, including those related to the formation of the personal prerequisites for such interaction. One of them is the teacher’s resistance to stress, which he forms and develops also in his wards. The aim of the study is to analyze the resistance to stress of a teacher as a factor in the ecology of educational relations and interactions. The profession of a teacher in a preschool institution is highly and diversely stressful, requiring self-regulation (self-management), due to a significant psychological load that exceeds that of many other specialists. Stress resistance of a teacher of a preschool educational institution plays an important role in building and improving didactic relations, as well as the formation and development of environmental literacy and human culture.

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Karpova, Olga A., Sergey N. Filimonov e Viktor A. Semenikhin. "Industrial ecology and skin diseases". Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology 62, n. 11 (12 dicembre 2022): 781–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2022-62-11-781-784.

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Technogenic effects on the production of oil, coal tar, other hydrocarbons and products of their processing can lead to diseases of the sebaceous glands. Gum-related factors trigger common links in the pathogenesis of vulgar and oily acne, which are inflammation, increased sebum production, excessive follicular hyperkeratosis. There is a description of the clinical manifestations of severe oily acne in a railway worker on previously unchanged skin. We also have a description of the severe stage of the course of vulgar acne in the assistant engineer of the railway, who has a genetic predisposition, also has a history of juvenile acne of mild severity. Chemical factors such as a mixture of hydrocarbons, phenol, creosote, asbestos-containing dust can provoke oily acne in a railway worker. Oxides of nitrogen, carbon, sulfur, nitrogen dioxide, technical mixtures of hydrocarbons, violation of physiological rhythms of nutrition, sleep, rest, severity and intensity of the labor process, constant stress can lead to a relapse of vulgar acne with a more severe course in workers of locomotive crews. The given clinical examples reveal the need for interdisciplinary interaction of dermatologists-venereologists and occupational pathologists in the treatment of skin pathology in workers of harmful industries.

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Horne, Avril C., Rory Nathan, N. LeRoy Poff, Nick R. Bond, J. Angus Webb, Jun Wang e Andrew John. "Modeling Flow-Ecology Responses in the Anthropocene: Challenges for Sustainable Riverine Management". BioScience 69, n. 10 (4 settembre 2019): 789–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz087.

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Abstract Climate change will increase water stress in many regions placing greater pressures on rivers to meet human and ecological water needs. Managing rivers experiencing water stress requires a fundamental understanding of how ecosystem processes and functions respond to natural and anthropogenic drivers of flow variability and change. The field of environmental flows meets this need by defining “flow-ecology” relationships—mathematical models linking ecological characteristics and dynamics to the underlying flow regime. However, because these relationships are most often based on historical hydrologic regimes, they implicitly assume climatic stationarity. A fundamental challenge in the Anthropocene is how to model flow-ecology relationships such that the effects of nonstationarity can be captured. In the present article, we introduce a novel approach that addresses these shortcomings and show its utility through a series of conceptual and empirical examples. The framework incorporates ecological dynamics and uncertain future hydrologic conditions, as well as nonstationarity itself, thereby providing a viable framework for modeling flow-ecology responses to inform water management in a rapidly changing climate.

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Yousey, Aime'e M., Priyanka Roy Chowdhury, Nicole Biddinger, Jennifer H. Shaw, Punidan D. Jeyasingh e Lawrence J. Weider. "Resurrected ‘ancient’ Daphnia genotypes show reduced thermal stress tolerance compared to modern descendants". Royal Society Open Science 5, n. 3 (marzo 2018): 172193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.172193.

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Understanding how populations adapt to rising temperatures has been a challenge in ecology. Research often evaluates multiple populations to test whether local adaptation to temperature regimes is occurring. Space-for-time substitutions are common, as temporal constraints limit our ability to observe evolutionary responses. We employed a resurrection ecology approach to understand how thermal tolerance has changed in a Daphnia pulicaria population over time. Temperatures experienced by the oldest genotypes were considerably lower than the youngest. We hypothesized clones were adapted to the thermal regimes of their respective time periods. We performed two thermal shock experiments that varied in length of heat exposure. Overall trends revealed that younger genotypes exhibited higher thermal tolerance than older genotypes; heat shock protein (hsp70) expression increased with temperature and varied among genotypes, but not across time periods. Our results indicate temperature may have been a selective factor on this population, although the observed responses may be a function of multifarious selection. Prior work found striking changes in population genetic structure, and in other traits that were strongly correlated with anthropogenic changes. Resurrection ecology approaches should help our understanding of interactive effects of anthropogenic alterations to temperature and other stressors on the evolutionary fate of natural populations.

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