Bibliografie tematiche / Stress ecology

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Stress ecology"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 1 giugno 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Stress ecology":

CALOW, PETER. "Evolution, ecology and environmental stress". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 37, n. 1-2 (6 maggio 1989): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1989.tb02001.x.

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M.N., Flynn, e Pereira W.R.L.S. "Population Approach in Ecotoxicology (Stress Ecology)". Journal of the Brazilian Society of Ecotoxicology 8, n. 1 (1 luglio 2013): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5132/eec.2013.01.011.

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Straalen, Nico M. Van. "Peer Reviewed: Ecotoxicology Becomes Stress Ecology". Environmental Science & Technology 37, n. 17 (settembre 2003): 324A—330A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0325720.

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Lemons, John. "Can Stress Ecology Adequately Inform Environmental Ethics?" Journal of Environmental Systems 15, n. 2 (1 gennaio 1985): 103–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/rpux-36ge-8fkk-563v.

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Galván, Ismael, e Francisco Solano. "Melanin Chemistry and the Ecology of Stress". Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 88, n. 3 (maggio 2015): 352–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/680362.

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Haussmann, Mark F., e Nicole M. Marchetto. "Telomeres: Linking stress and survival, ecology and evolution". Current Zoology 56, n. 6 (1 dicembre 2010): 714–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/56.6.714.

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Abstract Telomeres are protective structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. The loss of telomeres through cell division and oxidative stress is related to cellular aging, organismal growth and disease. In this way, telomeres link molecular and cellular mechanisms with organismal processes, and may explain variation in a number of important life-history traits. Here, we discuss how telomere biology relates to the study of physiological ecology and life history evolution. We emphasize current knowledge on how telomeres may relate to growth, survival and lifespan in natural populations. We finish by examining interesting new connections between telomeres and the glucocorticoid stress response. Glucocorticoids are often employed as indices of physiological condition, and there is evidence that the glucocorticoid stress response is adaptive. We suggest that one way that glucocorticoids impact organismal survival is through elevated oxidative stress and telomere loss. Future work needs to establish and explore the link between the glucocorticoid stress response and telomere shortening in natural populations. If a link is found, it provides an explanatory mechanism by which environmental perturbation impacts life history trajectories.

Clinchy, Michael, Michael J. Sheriff e Liana Y. Zanette. "Predator-induced stress and the ecology of fear". Functional Ecology 27, n. 1 (29 ottobre 2012): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12007.

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Boonstra, Rudy. "The ecology of stress: a marriage of disciplines". Functional Ecology 27, n. 1 (28 gennaio 2013): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12048.

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Romero, L. Michael. "Physiological stress in ecology: lessons from biomedical research". Trends in Ecology & Evolution 19, n. 5 (maggio 2004): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2004.03.008.

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Withgott, J. "ECOLOGY: Signs of Stress Seen in Snowmobile Season". Science 296, n. 5574 (7 giugno 2002): 1784b—1785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.296.5574.1784b.

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Tesi sul tema "Stress ecology":

Mumby, Hannah. "Stress, ecology and demography of Asian elephants". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6922/.

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Nilsson, Susanna. "Modeling the evolutionary ecology of stress responses in microbes". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/10728.

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Microbes are constantly exposed to a wide range of environmental stresses. To cope, all microbial species have developed protective mechanisms that can safeguard against potential damages due to stress. While stress protection is a beneficial contributor to microbial survival, it also carries a cost. The launch of a stress response diverts cellular resources to the synthesis of energetically expensive stress protectants. Consequently, responding and adapting to stress reduces growth in nutrient-poor environments. Hence the ability to balance allocation of available resources between stress protection and nutritional capacity in response to environmental signals is a fundamental property required for microbial survival with important consequences for species abundance and distribution in nature. This thesis deals with microbial survival strategies and their ecological impacts in two parts: First, we investigate the balance between stress-protection and nutrition as a driver of intra-species evolutionary divergence. Using a simple mathematical model we show that the protection-nutrition balance itself is sufficient to generate diversity within an initially monomorphic microbial population growing in a spatially homogeneous environment containing a single limiting resource. From experimental data we then estimate resource allocation between nutritional and stress resistant properties in glucose-limited E. coli chemostat populations subject to a range of environmental challenges and find that the evolutionary trajectories of multiple types can be predicted using the mathematical model. Second, we investigate the impact of inter-species differential survival strategies on microbial community structure within a Candida infection niche. Focusing on the lifestyles of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata under antifungal stress we build a mathematical model of niche competition within an infection. Calibrating the model using experimental data, we then generate predictions for the long term Candida ecology and find that the model is indeed predictive of equilibrium population distribution within a given infection niche.

Moser, Chase. "Experimental evolution of «Chlamydomonas reinhardtii » under salt stress". Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=94916.

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Abstract The environment is now changing much faster than in recent geological time, causing increasing population extinctions. Experiments have shown that extinction can be avoided by adaptation through natural selection leading to evolutionary rescue. I first determined the response of Chlamydomonas to stressful environments by growing populations over a range of salinity. The population growth is halved at 5 g/L salt (NaCl), and 8 g/L is lethal. In this experiment, the genetic correlation between environments increases with environmental similarity. I then manipulated the genotypic diversity in experimental populations and cultured them by serial transfer at 5 g/L salt. The outcome of adaptation is not influenced by initial genetic variation. Instead, populations adapted mainly through the spread of new beneficial mutations. These results suggest that populations have a greater chance of adapting when new environments are similar to current conditions and that adaptation is sometimes dominated by the spread of new mutations, even in the presence of a substantial amount of standing genetic variation.
Résumé Notre environnement change maintenant beaucoup plus rapidement que dans le passé géologique récent, précipitant l'extinction de plus en plus d'espèces. Des chercheurs ont démontré que, grâce à l'adaptation par la sélection naturelle, des espèces peuvent éviter l'extinction, un processus nommé sauvetage évolutif. J'ai d'abord étudié la capacité de Chlamydomonas à croitre dans des environnements dont la salinité augmente. J'ai trouvé que 5 g/L de sel diminue la croissance de moitié tandis que 8 g/L est suffisant pour empêcher toute croissance. Ici, la corrélation génétique entre environnement augmente avec la similarité des environnements comparés. J'ai ensuite soumis des populations contenant différentes quantités de diversité génétique initiale à une salinité de 5 g/L. La diversité génétique initiale ne semble pas influencer la capacité d'adaptation. Cependant, les populations semblent plutôt s'adapter en utilisant de nouvelles mutations dont l'effet est bénéfique. Ces résultats suggèrent que les populations s'adapteront plus facilement à des environnements similaires aux conditions présentes. De plus, ce processus sera dominé par la fixation de nouvelles mutations, même dans des populations contenant de la diversité génétique.

Pahkala, Maarit. "Evolutionary ecology of ultraviolet-B radiation stress tolerance in amphibians". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5081-4/.

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Watmough, Shaun A. "Adaptation to pollution stress in trees : metal tolerance traits". Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260825.

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Beckett, Heath. "Remote sensing of water stress in fynbos vegetation". Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25902.

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I aim to determine whether or not remote sensing, through multispectral, satellite and digital photography, is a feasible and accurate method for determining drought stress in Fynbos vegetation. I hypothesize that (1) water stress in fynbos is detectable with the use of a remote sensing index, namely NDVI and (2) that the remotely sensed trends will correlate with ground truth measures of water stress.

Schuwerack, Petra-Manuela. "Environmental pollution and disease : multiple stress responses in freshwater hosts". Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272253.

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Torres-Abreu, Alejandro. "The political ecology of demand : managing water stress in Puerto Rico". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.538613.

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Claunch, Natalie. "STRESS ECOLOGY OF THE PACIFIC RATTLESNAKES (CROTALUS OREGANUS AND CROTALUS HELLERI)". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2016. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1627.

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Stress is a physiological state induced by disturbance or adverse environmental conditions and is modulated by the glucocorticoid hormone corticosterone (CORT) in reptiles. Stressors can have various impacts on vertebrate trait expression and may affect survival or reproduction. Little is known about the effects of chronically elevated CORT in free-ranging reptiles, or the effect of disturbance stress on venom composition in captive snakes. In chapter 1, we investigated the effects of researcher induced disturbance on CORT levels and venom composition in a group of captive Northern Pacific rattlesnakes (Crotalus oreganus). Venom protein concentration and plasma CORT levels were compared before and after two weeks of unpredictable bouts of cage vibration, and to a non-vibrated control group. CORT levels were also assessed one week into vibration treatment. We found no effect of vibration treatment on CORT levels or on venom composition, and within-snake relative protein abundance was highly repeatable, although some variation was observed. We found a strong correlation between changes in relative abundance of several proteins and CORT. These results led us to believe that while differential forms of researcher-induced disturbance may not affect venom composition, significant changes in baseline CORT, or chronic stress, may affect the venom phenotype. In the next study, we investigated the effects of chronically elevated CORT in a wild population of radio-telemetered Southern Pacific rattlesnakes (C. helleri). Snakes were implanted intra-coelomically with either crystalline CORT or sham implants. Prior to implant and for two week periods thereafter, we sampled blood, venom, defensive behavior, and body temperature (Tb). Thermal data logger implants recorded snake Tb each hour. Snakes were tracked daily for one month, and detectability, defensive behavior, movement, home range size and thermal parameters were calculated for each group during the periods between samples. Stress reactivity was assessed as change in CORT from baseline after one hour of acute confinement stress. CORT implants led to elevated baseline CORT for at least two weeks in treatment snakes, showing that our treatment was successful. Chapter 2 describes the effects of CORT treatment on venom parameters. Increased baseline CORT was associated with increased activity of venom protein phospholipase A2, indicating that CORT may have direct effects on regulating venom protein activity. Overall, venom activity was repeatable within individual snakes. Chapter 3 describes the effect of CORT on behavioral, ecological, and physiological variables. Implant treatment led to decreased average Tb in weeks two and three. We detected a trend for lower baseline CORT to predict a greater magnitude of acute stress response. Snakes with higher testosterone levels exhibited higher defensive behavior scores. Overall, there were no other effects of implant treatment. Our results suggest that rattlesnake thermoregulation is impacted by chronic stress, which could affect other aspects of their metabolism and ecology. Results of both studies suggest baseline CORT may direct both the activity and relative abundance of venom proteins in different manners, a hypothesis which deserves further investigation using proteomic tools. When responding to an acute stressor, rattlesnakes may secrete CORT until a threshold response is reached, regardless of baseline levels. Overall, rattlesnakes appear resilient to the effects of researcher-induced disturbance in the laboratory and to two weeks of chronically elevated CORT in the field, as no change was detected in many of the parameters investigated.

BIANCHI, Elisabetta. "Seirophora villosa (Ach.) Frödén: a multidisciplinary investigation on morphology, ecophysiology and ecology". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2487955.

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Questo progetto mira a studiare l’ecologia e la fisiologia di Seirophora villosa (Ach.) Frödén, specie epifita ritenuta in via di regressione a causa di una sempre più avanzata frammentazione del suo habitat preferenziale, il ginepreto costiero, habitat prioritario secondo la Direttiva 92/43 CEE (2250* “Dune costiere con Juniperus spp.”). La degradazione e la perdita dell’habitat in effetti sono ritenute le principali cause del declino delle popolazioni di S. villosa e recenti studi hanno evidenziato una correlazione positiva fra superficie locale dell’habitat e abbondanza di S. villosa. Tuttavia è stato dimostrato che, anche in situazioni ottimali, S. villosa non occupa tutto l’areale disponibile suggerendo una possibile implicazione di fattori ecologico/biologici limitanti la sua dispersione. Da queste considerazioni nasce questa ricerca che si propone di indagare sia a livello di popolazione che di individuo le caratteristiche che determinano la distribuzione di questa specie. Per raggiungere questi obiettivi abbiamo proceduto sia con esperimenti in campo che in laboratorio. In campo sono state valutate le relazioni che intercorrono fra le variabili strutturali del ginepreto e la diversità funzionale e specifica delle comunità licheniche epifite che lo ospitano e in particolare la relazione fra struttura dell’habitat e presenza di S. villosa. In laboratorio, sono stati indagati gli effetti delle principali variabili ecologiche sulla eco-fisiologia della specie al fine di caratterizzarne la nicchia ecologica. Abbiamo valutato le risposte fisiologiche della specie a cambiamenti di disponibilità della risorsa idrica e luminosa, in relazione alla dimensione dei talli. Inoltre, abbiamo indagato su di un carattere morfologico peculiare di questa specie, la pelosità del tallo, ipotizzando che questo carattere ricopra un ruolo primario nelle performance eco-fisiologiche della specie. Per indagare su questo aspetto abbiamo investigato eventuali meccanismi biochimici e fisiologici che la specie mette in atto per rispondere ed adattarsi alla presenza/assenza del pelo in superficie durante un ciclo di disidratazione e in presenza di stress salino. I risultati ottenuti dagli esperimenti a livello di popolazione mostrano che effettivamente un ginepreto continuo e strutturato porta ad una varietà e stabilità di microhabitat che supporta una forte differenziazione floristica e funzionale della comunità lichenica che lo ospita. Per quanto riguarda S.villosa, i nostri risultati confermano gli studi pregressi, evidenziando che le pratiche conservazionistiche per questa specie devono essere estese ad una scala ridotta, a livello di albero. I risultati di laboratorio mostrano che le dimensioni dei talli influiscono sulla capacità di ritenzione idrica dei questa specie; i campioni di S.villosa sono suscettibili ad una forte radiazione luminosa in particolare se questa è protratta nel tempo, in particolare i talli più piccoli che una volta fotoinibiti manifestano un’abilità di recupero piuttosto ridotta. Inoltre, i risultati confermano le nostre ipotesi a presenza dei peli sul tallo di S.villosa è risultato essere un tratto morfologico strategico per le performances di questa specie. La presenza del pelo offre un meccanismo passivo ma selettivo dell’acqua, regolandone l’assorbimento e la repulsione. Allo stesso tempo, aziona un meccanismo di resistenza passivo, di elusione dello stress, permettendo di tollerare la presenza di sale, in quanto ne impedisce l’entrata all’interno del tallo lichenico. Da un punto di vista pratico la conservazione della specie dovrebbe essere attuata garantendo le condizioni ideali a tutti gli stadi di crescita (ad esempio proteggere i propaguli dalla fotoinibizione). In caso di necessità di intervento valutare su scala locale la dinamica di popolazione e utilizzare questo dato per selezionare le aree e gli arbusti sui quali effettuare gli interventi.
Light regime, water availability and high salt concentrations are generally the main ecological factors modified by habitat fragmentation that could be detrimental to the survival and establishment of poikilohydric organisms such as lichens, causing rapid dehydration, ionic imbalances and the inhibition of photosynthesis. In the Mediterranean basin, coastal juniper habitats, priority habitat for nature conservation (Natura 2000 habitat code 2250), are known to host numerous epiphytic lichens, that living near the seashore need a morphological and chemical organization to adapt or acclimate to extremely variable disturbances. Among them, the macrolichen Seirophora villosa, which consists in a fruticose habitus characterized by the presence of compressed canaliculated laciniae covered by thin hairiness and the absence of secondary surface metabolites. Recently studies, has demonstrated the dependence of S. villosa on undisturbed Juniperus stands suggesting a significant effect of disturbance on the presence of this lichen species. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that S. villosa is only occupying a small part of its colonizable niche because of a very limited propagation ability. Since the presence and abundance of S.villosa are positive indicators of the conservation status of coastal nurseries, our study aimed to evaluate the effects of the main ecological variables on the eco-physiology of this species. Our first aim was to investigate whether the habitat structure affects the functional diversity and species richness of lichen communities along a coastal dune system and how affects the presence of S. villosa. Our second aim was to investigate how light regime and water availability affect individual specimens of S. villosa, by studying the relationship between photosynthetic activity and water content to thallus area in different sized. Furthermore, we investigated the role of the thin hairiness on thallus surface characterizing S. villosa to withstand the effects of seawater by continuous exposure to marine aerosol. Our results showed that epiphytic lichens richness and habitat width used as proxy of habitat integrity. Juniperus stands with higher individuals and cover continuity, probably ensuring a major stability of microclimatic factors, supported richer and functionally more differentiated epiphytic lichen communities. In contrast, the presence of S. villosa resulted not directly related to the habitat structure, suggesting a major role of dispersal and establishment capability therefore suggesting a management tailored at the tree-level aimed to the conservation of mature (apotheciate) specimens. However, ongoing research indicate a possible role of microhabitat structure on the abundance of this species. The experiments carried out showed that the size of the thalli influence the water retention capacity of S.villosa species, and consequently influence responses to strong exposure to light. Our outcomes showed that S. villosa are susceptible to sudden increases in light exposure, especially in the case of small specimens, which after photoinhibition exhibited a reduced ability to recover. Moreover, our work evidenced for the first time the relevance of hair as a strategic morphological trait in lichens to face extreme environments. Our results suggest that hair could offer a passive, but selective, water control. Furthermore, hair could repel the salt dissolved in water, by activating a passive resistance mechanism, a real avoidance of stress, which by not allowing salt to enter, allows the thallus to tolerate the presence of salt. In conclusion, from a conservation point it would be necessary to preserve all the growth stages of the population, providing a suitable habitat for the larger thalli that have the role of propagate the species and for the smaller ones giving them the opportunity to colonize and establish in fragment habitat without being photohinbited.

Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Stress ecology":

Steinberg, Christian E. W. Stress Ecology. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2072-5.

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Hobfoll, Stevan E. The ecology of stress. New York: Hemisphere Pub. Corp., 1988.

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Steinberg, Christian E. W. Stress Ecology: Environmental Stress as Ecological Driving Force and Key Player in Evolution. Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2012.

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1932-, Sherman Kenneth, Alexander Lewis M. 1921- e Gold Barry D, a cura di. Large marine ecosystems: Stress, mitigation, and sustainability. Washington, DC: AAAS Press, 1993.

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Ommer, Rosemary. Coasts under stress: Policy reflections. St. John's, NL: ISER, 2006.

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1948-, Trillmich Fritz, e Ono Kathryn A. 1951-, a cura di. Pinnipeds and El Niño: Responses to environmental stress. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1991.

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McKersie, Bryan D. Stress and stress coping in cultivated plants. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.

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Moser, Gabriel. Les stress urbains. Paris: A. Colin, 1992.

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Costantini, David. Oxidative Stress and Hormesis in Evolutionary Ecology and Physiology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54663-1.

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Bootsma, Margien. Stress and recovery in wetland ecosystems. Utrecht: Koninklijk Nederlands Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, 2000.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Stress ecology":

Steinberg, Christian E. W. "Why a Small Worm Is Not Crazy". In Stress Ecology, 1–6. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2072-5_1.

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Steinberg, Christian E. W. "Whatever Doesn’t Kill You Might Make You Stronger: Hormesis". In Stress Ecology, 279–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2072-5_10.

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Steinberg, Christian E. W. "Multiple Stressors as Environmental Realism: Synergism or Antagonism". In Stress Ecology, 295–309. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2072-5_11.

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Steinberg, Christian E. W. "One Stressor Prepares for the Next One to Come: Cross-Tolerance". In Stress Ecology, 311–25. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2072-5_12.

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Steinberg, Christian E. W. "Longevity: Risky Shift in Population Structure?" In Stress Ecology, 327–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2072-5_13.

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Steinberg, Christian E. W. "Footprints of Stress in Communities". In Stress Ecology, 345–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2072-5_14.

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Steinberg, Christian E. W. "Environmental Stresses: Ecological Driving Force and Key Player in Evolution". In Stress Ecology, 369–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2072-5_15.

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Steinberg, Christian E. W. "Activation of Oxygen: Multipurpose Tool". In Stress Ecology, 7–45. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2072-5_2.

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Steinberg, Christian E. W. "Defense Means Against Pathogens and Parasites: Reactive Oxygen Species". In Stress Ecology, 47–60. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2072-5_3.

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Steinberg, Christian E. W. "Arms Race Between Plants and Animals: Biotransformation System". In Stress Ecology, 61–106. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2072-5_4.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Stress ecology":

Даньшина, А., A. Dan'shina, В. Чанцев e V. Chancev. "TENSOR STRESS ASYMMETRY AS A MECHANISM FOR THE FORMATION OF DIPOLE VORTEX INTO THE JET FLOW IN THE COASTAL ZONE". In Sea Coasts – Evolution ecology, economy. Academus Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b5ce399cb5f22.68516349.

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Abstract (sommario):

The theoretical conclusions about the effect of asymmetry of the stress tensor on the formation of dipolar vortex structures are built on the basis of laboratory experiments. The results of computer simulation of the mushroom current are provided.

"INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY AND ACNAE VULGARIS". In СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭКОЛОГИИ И ЗДОРОВЬЯ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ. ЭКОЛОГИЯ И ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ. Иркутский научный центр хирургии и травматологии, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/978-5-98277-383-8-art10.

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Employees of locomotive crews are affected by nitrogen oxides, carbon, sulfur, nitrogen dioxide, technical mixtures of hydrocarbons, general vibration (class 3.4.2) and local vibration (class 3.4.1), industrial noise (class 3.5), electric and magnetic field (50 Hz) (class 3.2.3), disturbed physiological rhythms of nutrition, sleep, rest, great emotional and neuropsychic stress. The article presents a clinical case illustrating how the influence of industrial ecology contributes to the recurrence and more severe course of previously treated vulgar acne.

El-Esawi, Mohamed A. "Functional Role of NAC Transcription Factors in Stress Responses and Genetic Diversity of Rice Plants Grown under Salt Stress Conditions". In 1st International Electronic Conference on Biological Diversity, Ecology and Evolution. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdee2021-09532.

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Kuzminova, E. V., E. N. Rud, M. P. Semenenko, A. G. Koshaev e A. A. Abramov. "Pathophysiological features of heat stress in cattle". In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: VETERINARY MEDICINE, AGRICULTURE, ENGINEERING AND ECOLOGY” (VMAEE2022). AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0148364.

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Shumaev, Konstantin, Olga Kosmachevskaya, Dmitry Ivanovich Grachev, Alexey Topunov, Andrew Kimovich Martusevich e Enno Kustavich Ruuge. "АNTIOXIDANT AND ANTIRADICAL PROPERTIES DINITROSYL IRON COMPLEXES UNDER CONDITIONS SIMULATING OXIDATIVE STRESS". In NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE, BIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY AND ECOLOGY. Institute of information technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47501/978-5-6044060-1-4.50.

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We have demonstrated that dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) eliminate free radicals formed during the interaction of hemoproteins with tert-butyl hydroperoxide, as well as during the co-oxidation of lipids and glucose. Thus, DNICs act as antioxidants under conditions simulating different types of oxidative stress.

Panyutin, E. "Elastic Stress Relaxation in the AlN/SiC Heterostructures: Modeling by Utilizing the Molecular Dynamics Method". In International Symposium on Water, Ecology and Environment. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0012008600003536.

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Nasybullina, E. I., I. S. Pugachenko, O. V. Kosmachevskaya e A. F. Topunov. "CARBONYL STRESS IN BACTERIA. ANTI-GLYCATION EFFECT OF NITROXYL ON ESCHERICHIA COLI CELLS". In NOVEL TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE, BIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY AND ECOLOGY. Institute of information technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47501/978-5-6044060-2-1.211-215.

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Bacteria suffer carbonyl stress at sudden transition to high-level carbohydrate substrates or in a stationary phase. Methylglyoxal (MG) inhibited bacterial growth and increased advanced glycation end products. Nitroxyl prevented the toxic effect of MG in a low-aerated cell culture.

Abalenikhina, Yulia, Elena A. Sudakova, Pelageya Erokhina, Aleksey Shchulkin e Elena Yakusheva. "ROLE OF PREGNAN-X-RECEPTOR IN CELL RESISTANCE TO NITROSATIVE AND OXIDATIVE STRESS". In NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE, BIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY AND ECOLOGY. Institute of information technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47501/978-5-6044060-1-4.47.

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The article discusses the new role of pregnane X receptor (PXR) under conditions of oxidative and nitrosative stress. The results showed that the effect of hydrogen peroxide and S-nitrosoglu-tathione in high concentrations on Caco-2 cells leads to a decrease in cell viability, which is accompanied by an increase in the amount of PXR. These changes are offset by the addition of ketoconazole (inhibitor of PXR) to the medium.

"The Effects of Water Stress and Harvest Seasons on Yield and Biochemical Compositions of Aloe Vera L". In International Conference On Agriculture, Ecology And Biological Engineering. Universal Researchers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/ur.u0915239.

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Abalenikhina, Y. V., A. A. Seidkuliyeva, E. D. Rokunov, D. S. Nemtinov, A. V. Shchulkin e E. N. Yakusheva. "PARTICIPATION OF NUCLEAR FACTOR OF ERYTHROID ORIGIN-2 IN REGU-LATION P-GLYCOPROTEIN IN MODELING ENDOGENOUS OXIDATIVE STRESS". In NOVEL TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE, BIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY AND ECOLOGY. Institute of information technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47501/978-5-6044060-2-1.251-257.

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The article discusses the mechanisms of regulation of the P-glycoprotein transporter protein (Pgp) in cells of the Caco2 line under conditions of modeling endogenous oxidative stress caused by exposure to DL-butyonine sulfoximine (BSO, a glutathione synthesis inhibitor). Ex-periments have shown that exposure to BSO at concentrations of 10-100 μM leads to a de-crease in the concentration of glutathione, an increase in the amount of Pgp and nuclear factor of erythroid origin 2 (Nrf2). Inhibition of Nrf2 contributed to the normalization of Pgp levels, which proves the participation of the transcription factor in the regulation of the transporter protein under the conditions of modeling endogenous oxidative stress.

Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Stress ecology":

Crowley, David E., Dror Minz e Yitzhak Hadar. Shaping Plant Beneficial Rhizosphere Communities. United States Department of Agriculture, luglio 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7594387.bard.

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PGPR bacteria include taxonomically diverse bacterial species that function for improving plant mineral nutrition, stress tolerance, and disease suppression. A number of PGPR are being developed and commercialized as soil and seed inoculants, but to date, their interactions with resident bacterial populations are still poorly understood, and-almost nothing is known about the effects of soil management practices on their population size and activities. To this end, the original objectives of this research project were: 1) To examine microbial community interactions with plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and their plant hosts. 2) To explore the factors that affect PGPR population size and activity on plant root surfaces. In our original proposal, we initially prqposed the use oflow-resolution methods mainly involving the use of PCR-DGGE and PLFA profiles of community structure. However, early in the project we recognized that the methods for studying soil microbial communities were undergoing an exponential leap forward to much more high resolution methods using high-throughput sequencing. The application of these methods for studies on rhizosphere ecology thus became a central theme in these research project. Other related research by the US team focused on identifying PGPR bacterial strains and examining their effective population si~es that are required to enhance plant growth and on developing a simulation model that examines the process of root colonization. As summarized in the following report, we characterized the rhizosphere microbiome of four host plant species to determine the impact of the host (host signature effect) on resident versus active communities. Results of our studies showed a distinct plant host specific signature among wheat, maize, tomato and cucumber, based on the following three parameters: (I) each plant promoted the activity of a unique suite of soil bacterial populations; (2) significant variations were observed in the number and the degree of dominance of active populations; and (3)the level of contribution of active (rRNA-based) populations to the resident (DNA-based) community profiles. In the rhizoplane of all four plants a significant reduction of diversity was observed, relative to the bulk soil. Moreover, an increase in DNA-RNA correspondence indicated higher representation of active bacterial populations in the residing rhizoplane community. This research demonstrates that the host plant determines the bacterial community composition in its immediate vicinity, especially with respect to the active populations. Based on the studies from the US team, we suggest that the effective population size PGPR should be maintained at approximately 105 cells per gram of rhizosphere soil in the zone of elongation to obtain plant growth promotion effects, but emphasize that it is critical to also consider differences in the activity based on DNA-RNA correspondence. The results ofthis research provide fundamental new insight into the composition ofthe bacterial communities associated with plant roots, and the factors that affect their abundance and activity on root surfaces. Virtually all PGPR are multifunctional and may be expected to have diverse levels of activity with respect to production of plant growth hormones (regulation of root growth and architecture), suppression of stress ethylene (increased tolerance to drought and salinity), production of siderophores and antibiotics (disease suppression), and solubilization of phosphorus. The application of transcriptome methods pioneered in our research will ultimately lead to better understanding of how management practices such as use of compost and soil inoculants can be used to improve plant yields, stress tolerance, and disease resistance. As we look to the future, the use of metagenomic techniques combined with quantitative methods including microarrays, and quantitative peR methods that target specific genes should allow us to better classify, monitor, and manage the plant rhizosphere to improve crop yields in agricultural ecosystems. In addition, expression of several genes in rhizospheres of both cucumber and whet roots were identified, including mostly housekeeping genes. Denitrification, chemotaxis and motility genes were preferentially expressed in wheat while in cucumber roots bacterial genes involved in catalase, a large set of polysaccharide degradation and assimilatory sulfate reduction genes were preferentially expressed.

Pokrzywinski, Kaytee, Kaitlin Volk, Taylor Rycroft, Susie Wood, Tim Davis e Jim Lazorchak. Aligning research and monitoring priorities for benthic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins : a workshop summary. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), agosto 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41680.

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In 2018, the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center partnered with the US Army Corps of Engineers–Buffalo District, the US Environmental Protection Agency, Bowling Green State University, and the Cawthron Institute to host a workshop focused on benthic and sediment-associated cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins, particularly in the context of harmful algal blooms (HAB). Technical sessions on the ecology of benthic cyanobacteria in lakes and rivers; monitoring of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins; detection of benthic and sediment-bound cyanotoxins; and the fate, transport, and health risks of cyanobacteria and their associated toxins were presented. Research summaries included the buoyancy and dispersal of benthic freshwater cyanobacteria mats, the fate and quantification of cyanotoxins in lake sediments, and spatial and temporal variation of toxins in streams. In addition, summaries of remote sensing methods, omic techniques, and field sampling techniques were presented. Critical research gaps identified from this workshop include (1) ecology of benthic cyanobacteria, (2) identity, fate, transport, and risk of cyanotoxins produced by benthic cyanobacteria, (3) standardized sampling and analysis protocols, and (4) increased technical cooperation between government, academia, industry, nonprofit organizations, and other stakeholders. Conclusions from this workshop can inform monitoring and management efforts for benthic cyanobacteria and their associated toxins.

Evans, Julie, Kendra Sikes e Jamie Ratchford. Vegetation classification at Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Mojave National Preserve, Castle Mountains National Monument, and Death Valley National Park: Final report (Revised with Cost Estimate). National Park Service, ottobre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2279201.

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Vegetation inventory and mapping is a process to document the composition, distribution and abundance of vegetation types across the landscape. The National Park Service’s (NPS) Inventory and Monitoring (I&M) program has determined vegetation inventory and mapping to be an important resource for parks; it is one of 12 baseline inventories of natural resources to be completed for all 270 national parks within the NPS I&M program. The Mojave Desert Network Inventory & Monitoring (MOJN I&M) began its process of vegetation inventory in 2009 for four park units as follows: Lake Mead National Recreation Area (LAKE), Mojave National Preserve (MOJA), Castle Mountains National Monument (CAMO), and Death Valley National Park (DEVA). Mapping is a multi-step and multi-year process involving skills and interactions of several parties, including NPS, with a field ecology team, a classification team, and a mapping team. This process allows for compiling existing vegetation data, collecting new data to fill in gaps, and analyzing the data to develop a classification that then informs the mapping. The final products of this process include a vegetation classification, ecological descriptions and field keys of the vegetation types, and geospatial vegetation maps based on the classification. In this report, we present the narrative and results of the sampling and classification effort. In three other associated reports (Evens et al. 2020a, 2020b, 2020c) are the ecological descriptions and field keys. The resulting products of the vegetation mapping efforts are, or will be, presented in separate reports: mapping at LAKE was completed in 2016, mapping at MOJA and CAMO will be completed in 2020, and mapping at DEVA will occur in 2021. The California Native Plant Society (CNPS) and NatureServe, the classification team, have completed the vegetation classification for these four park units, with field keys and descriptions of the vegetation types developed at the alliance level per the U.S. National Vegetation Classification (USNVC). We have compiled approximately 9,000 existing and new vegetation data records into digital databases in Microsoft Access. The resulting classification and descriptions include approximately 105 alliances and landform types, and over 240 associations. CNPS also has assisted the mapping teams during map reconnaissance visits, follow-up on interpreting vegetation patterns, and general support for the geospatial vegetation maps being produced. A variety of alliances and associations occur in the four park units. Per park, the classification represents approximately 50 alliances at LAKE, 65 at MOJA and CAMO, and 85 at DEVA. Several riparian alliances or associations that are somewhat rare (ranked globally as G3) include shrublands of Pluchea sericea, meadow associations with Distichlis spicata and Juncus cooperi, and woodland associations of Salix laevigata and Prosopis pubescens along playas, streams, and springs. Other rare to somewhat rare types (G2 to G3) include shrubland stands with Eriogonum heermannii, Buddleja utahensis, Mortonia utahensis, and Salvia funerea on rocky calcareous slopes that occur sporadically in LAKE to MOJA and DEVA. Types that are globally rare (G1) include the associations of Swallenia alexandrae on sand dunes and Hecastocleis shockleyi on rocky calcareous slopes in DEVA. Two USNVC vegetation groups hold the highest number of alliances: 1) Warm Semi-Desert Shrub & Herb Dry Wash & Colluvial Slope Group (G541) has nine alliances, and 2) Mojave Mid-Elevation Mixed Desert Scrub Group (G296) has thirteen alliances. These two groups contribute significantly to the diversity of vegetation along alluvial washes and mid-elevation transition zones.