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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Street vendors – united states"
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Košutić, Radmilo V. "„Наша пресвета смрт“: феномен култа Свете Смрти у Мексику". Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology 11, n. 4 (2 gennaio 2017): 1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.21301/eap.v11i4.9.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this paper is brief presentation of learning and development of the cult of Saint Death, and to indicate to the interest in anthropology and religious studies on this phenomenon that contributes to a better understanding of this interesting topic. It is certainly not an exhaustive study on this issue, but only a starting point for further, more comprehensive and interdisciplinary researches. The cult of Saint Death is increasingly popular, not only in Mexico but also in neighboring countries, such as Guatemala, El Salvador and the United States. The cult of Saint Death is already a social phenomenon which has yet to be systematically explored, especially as this syncretic religious system is very popular among the Mexican underworld: drug dealers, street vendors, taxi drivers, vendors, piracy, street children, prostitutes, pickpockets, criminal gangs and murderers.
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Halperin, Rhoda H. "Response: The Use of Economic Anthropology in Economic Development". Economic Development Quarterly 9, n. 4 (novembre 1995): 321–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089124249500900403.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The author comments on the use of anthropological methodologies in economic development research and practice in a developed economy such as the United States. The focus is the article by Morales, Balkin, and Persky on the closing of Chicago's Maxwell Street Market in August 1994. The article focuses on monetary losses for both buyers (consumers of market goods) and sellers (vendors of those goods) resulting from the closing of the market. Also included are a brief history of the market and a review of the literature on the informal economy. The authors measure “the value of street vending” by combining ethnographic and economic analytical methods.
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Gargiulo, Adriana H., Stephany G. Duarte, Gabriela Z. Campos, Mariza Landgraf, Bernadette D. G. M. Franco e Uelinton M. Pinto. "Food Safety Issues Related to Eating In and Eating Out". Microorganisms 10, n. 11 (26 ottobre 2022): 2118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112118.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Because of growing urbanization and lack of time to prepare meals at home, eating out or getting food delivered have become common trends for many people. The consumption of food from unknown sources may impose an increased chance of contamination with microbiological hazards, especially if sanitary conditions are not met. We evaluated data from health surveillance agencies and scientific articles on foodborne diseases (FBD) reported internationally according to the exposure sites. We observed that the data are influenced by cultural, political, and socioeconomic differences. For instance, in New Zealand, Australia, United States, Denmark and India, the occurrence of FBD outbreaks was greater from foods prepared in commercial establishments and street vendors than from households. Conversely, in China, countries of the European Union and Brazil, the results are the opposite. Additionally, the pandemic imposed new eating behavior patterns, increasing delivery services and foods prepared in so-called “Dark Kitchens”. The underreporting and heterogeneity of data among countries prevented a precise conclusion to the question of whether homemade foods are inherently safer than foods prepared out. Nevertheless, a lower level of development in a country influences its sanitation conditions, as well as the number of street food vendors, the search for cheaper foods, and insufficient knowledge of the population on good hygiene practices, which can all increase the chances of FBD cases.
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Morales, Alfonso, Steven Balkin e Joseph Persky. "The Value of Benefits of a Public Street Market: The Case of Maxwell Street". Economic Development Quarterly 9, n. 4 (novembre 1995): 304–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089124249500900402.
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EDQ introduces a new format to the Forum section in this issue. Periodically an article is submitted to us that raises important policy or methodological issues that have generated sharp responses from external reviewers. We believe that the debate that has taken place between the authors and reviewers is of such importance that we have then solicited people to comment on the article. Controversy on Maxwell Street raises the issue of the marriage of anthropologic and economic techniques in economic development analysis. We hope that you find this debate as stimulating as we did. Controversy on Maxwell Street began when Morales, Balkin, and Persky submitted their article, “The Value of Benefits of a Public Street Market: The Case of Maxwell Street.” We then requested that Rhoda H. Halperin and Wim Wiewel respond. Following their responses is a rejoinder by the authors. Chicago's Maxwell Street Market was among the oldest open-air public markets in the United States. The market was closed in August 1994 and a smaller alternative market was opened on Canal Street. This article estimates monetary losses resulting from the closure of the market. First, the authors briefly discuss the markets history, followed by a review of the literature on the informal economy. The problem of quantifying the value of street vending is addressed by combining ethnographic and economic analytical methods. Ethnography is introduced in the article's third section. The authors demonstrate the usefulness of merging ethnographic and economic analysis by estimating monetary losses to vendors and consumers as a result of changes in the market's governance and location.
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Boduszyński, Mieczysław P. "A Revolution Gone Wrong: What Happened in Egypt Since 2011. H. A. Hellyer. A Revolution Undone: Egypt's Road Beyond Revolt (New York: Oxford University Press, 2017). Pp. 320. $29.95 cloth. ISBN 9780190659738. David Kirkpatrick. Into the Hands of Soldiers: Freedom and Chaos in Egypt and the Middle East (New York: Viking, 2018). Pp. 384. $28.00 cloth. ISBN 9780735220621." Review of Middle East Studies 53, n. 01 (16 maggio 2019): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rms.2019.5.
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Nearly nine years after a Tunisian street vendor named Mohamed Bouazizi set himself ablaze in provincial Tunisia, a sense that the aspirations of the Arab Spring were always doomed to fail has set in among pundits and policymakers. The United States, and to a large extent the European Union, have all but given up on any pretense of democracy promotion in the region and have instead turned again to well-trodden policy repertoires emphasizing a realpolitik approach.
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Kongpran, Jira, Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh e Nguyen Thanh Hang. "Health risk assessment of BTEX exposure at roadside and on-road traveling route in Bangkok Metropolitan Region". Journal of Environmental Exposure Assessment 2, n. 2 (2023): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/jeea.2022.38.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Exposure to high levels of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) poses health risks in high-traffic urban areas. BTEX exposure at two microenvironments, the roadside and along the traveling routes, within urban and suburban areas of the Bangkok Metropolitan Region was examined to assess cancer and noncancer risks. The lifetime cancer risk (LCR) for benzene and noncancer hazard index (HI) for all BTEX compounds were evaluated for adult male and female groups (drivers, passengers, and street vendors) in two scenarios: average case and worst case. With the assumption of negligible exposure outside the two considered microenvironments, the pickup drivers had the highest LCR and HI. Higher exposure risks were found in urban areas than in the suburbs and among men than females. Higher toluene levels were found at all monitoring sites in two microenvironments, but benzene was the most important in causing noncancer risk. The HI for all target groups ranged from 8.5E-03 to 4.0E-01, indicating a low noncancer risk from BTEX exposure (HI < 1). The LCR caused by benzene exposure ranged from 1.7E-06 to 7.2E-05, which is higher than the United States EPA most health-protective limit (1E-06). Further research should include other microenvironments by assessing the 24-hour exposure of all considered groups.
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Beck, Thomas J. "Revolution and Protest Online". Charleston Advisor 23, n. 2 (1 ottobre 2021): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5260/chara.23.2.43.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Revolution and Protest Online is an Alexander Street resource, which provides documents, images and videos on revolutions and resistance, protest, and social movements from the eighteenth to the twenty-first centuries. It can be purchased as a standalone collection with a perpetual access license, or it can be accessed as a Related Collection through a subscription to Global Issues Library, another Alexander Street resource. This database contains original documents and images in PDF format, as well as e-books, monographs, journals, and videos. These are drawn from a variety of national and international sources, and collectively represent several hundred images, almost 200 videos, and nearly 100,000 pages of content.This database is not difficult to navigate, and finding materials there is relatively easy, using either the basic or advanced searches or through browsing. These various search and browse functions can produce useful results, and are easily understandable, though the advanced search is arguably the most flexible and effective (but also the most complex!). Pricing for this database is based on an institution's budget, FTE, and whatever consortia arrangements it and other institutions make with the vendor. As a consequence, its price can vary considerably from one subscriber to another! For a specific price quote, contact Alexander Street. Its licensing agreement is quite average in its length and composition and is apparently the standard one for the vendor. The quality, quantity, and variety of materials in this database is notable. It will certainly be of use to those researching the political, historical, and social aspects of revolution and protest, both in the United States and around the world. However, given its price variability, it may only be of marginal value to institutions with a high purchase/subscription price and a low demand for these kinds of materials.
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Apriliasari, Nur Khasanah. "Kajian Arahan Penyediaan Ruang Kota Bagi Pedagang Kaki Lima di Kawasan Pendidikan Tembalang, Kota Semarang". JURNAL PEMBANGUNAN WILAYAH & KOTA 13, n. 4 (1 dicembre 2017): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/pwk.v13i4.18266.
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Street vendors (PKL) are one of the informal sectors that are often viewed as a parasite sector and have a negative impact on the city's image. However, the existence of street vendors also become one of the highest city's economic support and provide benefits for the community. Rukmana (2008) states that street vendors are an integral form of urban transformation from their economic system, from agriculture-based society to industry and services. Thus, the informal sector including street vendors need to be considered in the provision of space in urban areas. Street vendors in the educational area of Tembalang increasingly mushrooming after the transfer of Undip Pleburan students to Tembalang. The street vendors use public spaces and interfere with other space users, especially pedestrians and road users. This research uses positivistic-rationalism approach with quantitative research method to determine the direction of city space provision for street vendors in Tembalang educational area. The result of this research is the provision of city space for street vendors in Tembalang Educational Area directed by arranging PKL activity on strategic and accessible road corridor. Provision of space for street vendors as stated in the Decree of Mayor of Semarang no. 511.3 / 16 2001 on Land Stipulation / Location PKL needs to be reviewed because it has not contain the characteristics and needs of street vendors and consumers. The capacity of the existing space has not been able to accommodate the needs of street vendors in Tembalang Education Area in the future.
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Meher, Sonu R., Alok Ranjan, Parul Shukla e Yogita Atram. "Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on the livelihood of street vendors in Maharashtra, India". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, n. 11 (27 ottobre 2021): 5297. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20214263.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic unfolded, the lockdown was implemented as the main preventive measure to contain the spread of the virus across the world. India also went under one of the most stringent nationwide lockdowns which affected the workers of the informal sector the most. This study aims to explore the impact of the COVID-19 and lockdown on the livelihood of street vendors in the Maharashtra state, one of the severely affected states, of India.Methods: Telephonic in-depth interviews were conducted from 16th May to 1st June 2020 with 20 street vendors who sold perishable goods for their livelihood. Interviews were transcribed and thematic analysis was used in analysing the data.Results: There were a total of twelve food vendors and eight fruits and vegetable vendors in the study sample. The mean age of food vendors recorded was 36.91 years, the average years of working recorded were 12.25, the mean education level was 7.83, and the average household size recorded was 5.25 (Table 1). Out of the total food vendors, 10 were male and two were females. The majority of the food vendors belong to the Vidarbha region, followed by Khandesh and Western Maharashtra.Conclusions: Findings of the study show that lockdown affected street vendors multidimensionally. Street vendors had to stop working and many had to change their profession to selling fruits and vegetables within a limited time zone with greater livelihood challenges and financial hardships.
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Hummel, Calla. "Disobedient Markets: Street Vendors, Enforcement, and State Intervention in Collective Action". Comparative Political Studies 50, n. 11 (16 gennaio 2017): 1524–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414016679177.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
At 50% of the global workforce, informal workers constitute a large, diffuse, and resource-poor group with high barriers to collective action. Contrary to scholars’ expectations, informal workers organize to varying degrees in most countries, and states often encourage them to do so. Why do some informal workers organize while others do not? I argue that states can intervene in informal workers’ collective action decisions: As enforcement costs increase, states may pay informal workers to organize, and then bargain with the resulting organization over self-regulation. I present a game theoretic model of state intervention in collective action and illustrate it with original ethnographic, survey, and interview evidence from street markets in La Paz, Bolivia. I suggest that informal workers interact strategically with states and conclude with implications for formalization policies.
Tesi sul tema "Street vendors – united states"
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Florer, Samuel C. "Memories in Stone/Reconstructing the Street". W&M ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1550153826.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Memories in Stone: The Confederate Catawba Monument Controversies surrounding Confederate monuments and symbols have brought increased attention to issues of Civil War memory. Often overlooked, Native Americans play an important role in the ways in which some people remember the conflict. A particularly interesting example of this role exists in Fort Mill, South Carolina. in 1900, the town unveiled a limestone monument to Catawba Indians who served in the Confederate Army. These Native people had a specific historical relationship with local and state authorities that shaped how the white ruling class formed a particular memorialization of the Catawba after the Civil War. Furthermore, the two leading local figures in the monument's creation had strong personal motivations to sponsor it. These factors combined with national trends in Civil War memorialization to make the Catawba monument a unique, yet still representative, example of Civil War memory making. Unique in that the design and message of the monument served a local purpose of permanently enshrining the white population's version of Catawba history in Fort Mill's public space, and representative in that it bolstered the ideals of Lost Cause ideology that swept the country at the turn of the twentieth century. Caught between these powerful ideas were the Catawba themselves, who utilized the beliefs represented by the monument for their own strategic goals. Reconstructing the Street: Confrontations Over Norfolk's Public Sphere, 1862-1866 on April 16, 1866, several hundred African Americans marched through the streets of Norfolk, Virginia to celebrate the passage of the Civil Rights Bill of 1866. on the outskirts of town, a fight occurred between white onlookers and black marchers. Violence continued into the night, as white assailants prowled the streets of the city and killed several black people. This violence, which soon became known as the Norfolk Riot, garnered national attention. But it was not an exceptional event. Rather, it was one of many violent contests between white and black people over who had access to, and influence in, Norfolk's public spaces. Reconstruction brought irreversible changes to Norfolk's political and civic status quo. Previously excluded from or constrained within the city's public sphere, formerly enslaved and free black inhabitants seized the opportunities presented by the Civil War to exercise their demands for full access to it. However, white residents consistently resisted these claims, often resorting to organized violence. By examining several violent disputes that took place prior to April 16th, the Norfolk Riot can be contextualized as but one of a series of similar battles between the city's white and black communities centered around control of Norfolk's civic arena.
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Ingle, William Von. "Life for the city : evaluating the pedestrian quality of the street". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23778.
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Sughrue, Matthew Brian. "Do Street Dwellers Dream? A Phenomenological Study of the Chronically Homeless in the United States". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49587.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Chronically homeless individuals, or Street Dwellers, present unique challenges for clinicians and outreach workers who engage them when offering services like food, shelter, clothing, healthcare and mental health counseling including substance abuse treatment. This study examines Street Dwellers\' hopes, dreams and aspirations for a better life. Through thematic analysis of interview statements five themes emerged; Normal Life, Optimism, Planning, Helping Others, and From Rags to Respect. Study findings suggest that Street Dwellers dream vividly and often about a life off the streets while frequently forming and reforming plans to get there. These findings provide clinicians and outreach workers insight into the phenomenon of Street Dwelling that could be used to design more effective strategies to help this vulnerable population.Master of Science
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Ferris, Peter O. "Doctrinal preaching that connects an expository sermon series on 14 key doctrines delivered in the 25th Street Chapel pulpit for the contemporary worship service at Fort Hood, Texas /". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2004. http://www.tren.com.
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Sandefur, Sarah Jo. "Beyond "Sesame Street": Early literacy development in educational television programs from Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187434.
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This study addresses the potential of preschool educational television programs to contribute to the literacy development of young children. Unlike the vast majority of television-related research undertaken in the United States, this examination is not limited to nationally-produced programming, but looks to other English-speaking countries for an international perspective on the problems and possibilities of literacy series developed for young children. Ten preschool educational television programs from Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States are examined via a videotape content analysis to determine the literacy potential of these program "texts." The literacy potential of children's broadcast texts has been determined within a broad framework of holistic language and learning theories developed by such researchers as Cambourne, Dewey, Eisner, Goodman, Harste, Holdaway, Rosenblatt, Smith, Vygotsky, and others. By composing a narrative of each sample episode; analyzing each program's use of visual, formic, and linguistic codes; constructing an argument for the applicability of holistic theories to television texts; and ultimately examining each sample episode through a holistic lens, a view of literacy-directed programming as it presently exists in four English-speaking countries is developed. The findings suggest that holistic learning principles applied to television texts hold great potential in providing valuable literacy-focused television events to children. Elements in the sample programs such as thematic integrity, explorations of ideas and concepts through sign systems, emphasis on child participation, language and ethnic diversity, regular inclusion of print on the screen from a variety of quality children's literature, and frequent inclusion of literacy events with children and adults demonstrated holistic principles in the sample episodes and contributed to the literacy potential of preschool programming. Characteristics of the episodes such as randomness, isolation of language subsystems from language wholes, failure to present literacy demonstrations, and exclusion of children from the visual text suggested ineffective television texts from which children had little opportunity to construct meaning. Concluding remarks explore the development of a prototypical holistic television program for preschoolers and suggest the benefits of such broadcast programs for children, their parents, media researchers/producers, and educators.
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Child, Kathleen Marie. "A Shop in the Back Street: Late Eighteenth Century Williamsburg Through the Ledgers of Blacksmith James anderson". W&M ScholarWorks, 2009. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626586.
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Davis, Holly Rebecca. "Pimpin' ain't easy? : the lives of pimps involved in street prostitution in the United States of America". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14175.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The pimp serves as an iconic ghetto hero who stands in street cultures as a figure that represents defiance, anti-establishment angst, and victorious criminality (Funches & Marriott 2002; Horton-Stallings, 2003). The American pimp has been brought into mainstream American culture through 1960’s literature, 1970’s Blaxploitation films, 1980’s hip hop and more recently, documentaries, films, books, music and television. The word ‘pimp’ has found its way into mainstream usage and popular caricatures of the pimp can be found in everything from Halloween costumes to ‘pimp and ho’ themed college parties. Despite being highly visible within mainstream culture, this character is still enigmatic as pimps are an underresearched population. Thus this thesis aims to uncover and unveil the lives and experiences of pimps involved in illegal prostitution to produce a more panoramic understanding of prostitution and an unexplored segment of major players within it. This thesis investigates the experiences and narratives of pimps involved in illegal, predominately street, prostitution in the USA. This research project stands to offer in-depth insight into the experiences of pimps in the United States within this unique subcultural context. In order to fill that literature gap, this research interviewed pimps and gathered data that explored how and why individuals become pimps, their personal histories, how they maintain their position as pimps, how pimps pimp, and the motivations for exit and/or retirement from The Game (the world of prostitution and pimping). More than just a managerial position, the role of the pimp also embraces a lifestyle with special rules, fashions and activities that create a unique and complex underground, criminal community. Rather than just presenting pimps as violent exploiters or ghetto heroes, this thesis examined the language of pimping, their orientation to their roles, the relationship between pimping and the surrounding communities and mainstream society, and explored this criminal career as a social role as well as career. With their childhood experiences of life in American ghettos leading to regular exposure to pimps and favorable impressions of illicit, underground careers, respondents came to ‘choose’ pimping as their career trajectory in their teens. Once dedicated to becoming pimps, many pimps underwent training with older pimps and later gained acceptance within the street community to earn their positions and status as pimps. When established within The Game, they started to practice ‘pimpology’ (pimp ideology) and to firmly establish their skills and methods of pimping. Two substantive chapters within this thesis are dedicated to addressing pimpology: pimpology covers the core processes, social connections and methods of management that are vital for a pimps success and survival in The Game. The aim of these chapters is to explore how pimps function as individuals, with the women who work for them, within their peer networks, and within their communities while they are actively pimping. And finally, exit from pimping will be explored. Issues such as age, exhaustion, family, health, drug addiction, trauma, imprisonment, law enforcement crackdowns and social betrayal all also act as further incentives for pimps to ‘hang up their pimp hat.’ This research has uncovered new themes and trends within the narratives of this hidden, underground subcultural population and offers great insights into the ‘career cycles’ of pimps. This project stands to fill a major gap within prostitution research as current literature lacks the perspectives and voices of pimps themselves. Within this research, a nuanced approach offers a unique view of the pimp and their complex roles and relationships within The Game. As an understudied population, pimps have rarely been the focus of academic inquiry; thus this research stands to contribute new perspectives, insights and data on a population that has remained enigmatic and well hidden from academic exploration for decades.
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Johnsen, Oyvind Mikal Rebnord. "Global, transnational and national social movements : the case study of occupy wall street". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86540.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Despite their lack of merits and demands, Occupy Wall Street (OWS) did become a defining feature in the short aftermath of the Financial Crisis and a part of the global occupy-movements during the protest year of 2011. As the founders and organisers behind the first encampments in Zuccotti Park called out for a "Tahrir moment" in the United States of America (US), few scholars or pundits had seen the leaderless movement coming. OWS spread across the US in the matter of months, hitting the media headlines gradually and more rapidly than any previous protest movement. Scholarly responses to OWS have been plentiful, and their categorisations of the OWS’ structure, demands and impact have been going in many different directions. This study attempts to debate and analyse the main research question; is OWS a new kind of a social movement? Even though there are several ways in which one may approach this question, the following will focus on the organisational structures, the political opportunity structures and the global linkages of OWS. The organisational structures has been debated by most, as the movement has a leaderless structure, it is ruled by consensus and supported by protesters from all social spheres, who came, protested and left as they pleased. The political and economic deficits, which gives way to the political opportunity structures of the movement, has not been this dramatic since the Great Depression. The Financial Crisis of 2008 has not only been defined as an economic crisis, but also a crisis of representative democracy. Furthermore, the global protest movements of 2011 have been similar in several ways. Even as all of them, be it Tahrir, 15M, in Greece or OWS, has been unique in matters of context, time and space, they share similarities in tactics, methods and fundamental demands - democracy and prosperity. The concluding statement to the research question is not clear-cut. Rather, it revokes former debates, which distinguished between old and new social movements, and implements a globalising civil society. A new kind of a social movement has come and gone, with elements of the earlier movements. It has added new modes of tactics, structures and demands, all formed by the present context. OWS is not an exception.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ten spyte van hul gebrek aan eise en tasbare sukses, het “Occupy Wall Street (OWS) wel ’n definiërende kenmerk geword tydens kort naloop van die Finansiële Krisies, asook ’n deel van die globale beset-bewegings tydens die 2011 protesjaar. Daar was min akademici en kenners wat, ten tye van die eerste kamperings in Zuccotti Park en die eis deur die stigters en organiseerders van OWS vir ’n “Tahrir oomblik”, die opkoms van hierdie leierlose beweging voorsien het. Binne ’n kwessie van maande het OWS dwarsoor die VSA versprei, eers stadig en daarna vinniger die hoofopskrifte van die media gehaal as enige ander protes-beweging wat dit voorafgegaan het. Daar is heelwat akademiese bydraes (uit verskillende dissiplines) wat daarop gemik is om OWS te verstaan in terme van hoe om dit te kategoriseer, die struktuur daarvan, die eise wat gestel is en die impak daarvan. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die hoofnavorsingsvraag te bespreek en analiseer, naamlik; is OWS ’n nuwe soort sosiale beweging? Die benadering wat gevolg word is om te fokus om organisatoriese strukture, politieke geleentheidstrukture and die globale verbintenisse van OWS. Die organisatoriese strukture het die meeste aandag gekry in die literatuur tot dusver, aangesien die organisasie ’n leierlose struktuur het. Besluite word deur middel van konsensus geneem en ondersteuning word gewerf van protesteerders uit ’n verskeidenheid van sosiale sfere. Hierdie protesteerders het opgedaag, protes aangeteken, en weer vertrek na willekeur. Die politieke en ekonomiese terkortkominge van die kapitalistiese stelsel in die VSA, waarin die politieke geleentheidstrukture van die beweging geanker is, was, sedert die Groot Depressie, nie so skynbaar dramaties nie. Die Finansiële Krisies wat in 2008 sy hoogtepunt bereik het, word gedefinieer nie alleen as ’n ekonomiese krisies nie,maar ook as ’n krisies van verteenwoordigende demokrasie. Daarby is daar bevind dat die globale protesbewegings wat in 2011 gedy het, soortgelyke kenmerke gehad het. Nieteenstaande die feit dat Tahrir in Egipte, 15M, die Griekse protes-aksies en OWS wel as uniek gesien kan word in terme van konteks, tyd en ruimte, is daar ooreenkomste in taktiek, metodes en fundamentele eise: deelnemende demokrasie en welvaart vir almal. Die slotsom waartoe die tesis kom is nie definitief nie. Eerder, is die gevolgtrekking dat daar teruggegaan moet word na vorige debatte wat onderskeid getref het tussen ou en nuwe sosiale bewegings, en ook na die literatuur oor die moontlikheid van ’n globale burgerlike samelewing. Wat wel vasstaan is dat ’n nuwe soort sosiale beweging verskyn het en weer gekwyn het, wat aspekte van vorige bewegings omvat maar ook in duidelike terme van hulle verskil. In die opsig is OWS nie ’n uitsondering nie, met nuwe taktiek, strukture en eise wat almal gevorm is binne die huidige konteks.
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Holbrook, Ellenore. "Quiet Politics: Opposition movements and policy stasis surrounding the United States' financial industry". Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1492614098649269.
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Catalano, Theresa Ann. "XENO-RACISM AND DISCURSIVE CONSTRUCTION OF "US" VS. "THEM": COSA NOSTRA, WALL STREET, AND IMMIGRANTS". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/145423.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this dissertation, the denaturalization of migrants in the US and Italy as represented in newspaper crime reports was identified and compared to the opposing naturalization of Italian crime organizations in Italy and Wall Street/ corporate criminals in the US. This was accomplished through careful, multidisciplinary, scientific analysis of over 100 articles taken from Italian and US newspapers of assorted political tendencies from the years 2004-2010. Quantitative and qualitative methods were combined beginning with a corpus analysis of texts from each group studied followed by a topic analysis designed to identify topics discussed in the media for each group analyzed. In addition, lexical choices were categorized as denaturalization, naturalization or derogation, and examples from texts were examined in depth to reveal linguistic (such as metaphor) strategies involved in negative or positive representation of these groups. A Critical Discourse Analysis Approach combined with Social Semiotics and grounded in Social Identity and Nationalism theories was employed to reveal an underlying racist and xenophobic ideology in both Italian and US media. Results show that in both the United States and Italy, the highlighting of migrants' lack of proficiency in the host country language as well as cultural practices functions as evidence of how migrants are different thus justifying discriminatory practices against them. The resulting categorization of migrants as "Them" serves the dominant group's purpose of staying in power. In conclusion, the author points to a need for teacher educators in the field of second language education and literacy to make it a top priority to educate teachers and students as to how discourse contains underlying ideologies and how to think critically to de-construct and de-mystify them.
Libri sul tema "Street vendors – united states"
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Stoller, Paul. Money has no smell: The Africanization of New York City. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002.
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Charles, Bertram L. Whitehall Street. New York: Vantage Press, 1998.
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United States. General Services Administration, a cura di. EC/EDI handbook for FSS vendors. [Washington, D.C.?]: General Services Administration, 1996.
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Ovie, Carter, a cura di. Sidewalk. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1999.
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Regan, Donald T. For the record: From Wall Street to Washington. London: Hutchinson, 1988.
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Schwartzman, Allan. Street art. Garden City, N.Y: Dial Press, 1985.
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Motley, Michael E. Navy competition advocate general and ADP vendor complaint handling: Statement of Michael E. Motley, associate director, Research, Development, Acquisition and Procurement Issues, National Security and International Affairs Division, before the Subcommittee on Legislation and National Security, Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. General Accounting Office, 1990.
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Medby, Jamison Jo. Street smart: Intelligence preparation of the battlefield for urban operations. Santa Monica, CA: Rand, 2002.
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Smithers, Andrew. Wall Street Revalued. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2009.
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American street gangs. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2006.
Cerca il testo completoCapitoli di libri sul tema "Street vendors – united states"
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Sánchez-Jankowski, Martín. "Gangs, Culture, and Society in the United States". In Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs and Street Gangs, 25–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76120-6_2.
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Novak, Shannon A. "Partible Persons or Persons Apart: Postmortem Interventions at the Spring Street Presbyterian Church, Manhattan". In The Bioarchaeology of Dissection and Autopsy in the United States, 87–111. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26836-1_5.
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Smith, J. S., J. Sumner, F. Roumillat, G. M. Baer e W. G. Winkler. "Epidemiological Analysis of Street Rabies Viruses from Enzootic Areas of the United States". In Rabies in the Tropics, 604–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70060-6_79.
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Sterner, Glenn. "A comparative case study of the Main Street Program in the United States". In The Routledge handbook of comparative rural policy, 508–13. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge international handbooks: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429489075-41.
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Estrada, Emir. "Street Vending in Los Angeles". In Kids at Work, 43–63. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479811519.003.0003.
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Chapter 2 situates the study historically in the context of U.S. and Mexican migration and traces the formation of the street vending economy in urban centers in México and in U.S. cities such as Los Angeles and New York. The chapter demonstrates that street vending across the border is linked to macro structural forces and is not solely derivative of Latinx cultural practices. The chapter also highlights the historical precedent of street vending in the United States, as opposed to portraying the work as a direct cultural transplant from Latin America. The Latinx street vendors in Los Angeles immigrated to a society where street vending had been an economic strategy since the early nineteenth century. The chapter notes that as a result of both political turmoil and the rise of a foodie culture based on “authenticity,” attitudes toward street vendors are becoming more sympathetic and respectful, leading to the decriminalization of street vending across the state of California.
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Estrada, Emir. "Introduction". In Kids at Work, 1–22. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479811519.003.0001.
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The introduction sets the context for the study of street vending children who work side by side with their undocumented parents in Los Angeles. This chapter outlines the various strategies the researcher used to enter the field, recruit the families, and establish rapport with the children and their parents. The author also describes the research site and the research methodology. The author is reflexive about her insider and outsider position and describes how having worked as a young girl with her parents both in Mexico and the United States helped her gain the trust of her respondents. In addition, the introduction situates the role of children and work in a historical context and provides a theoretical framework to help understand the lives of child vendors in Los Angeles. The experience of child street vendors bridges intersectionality theory, social capital theory, and the socialization of childhood and brings to light the hidden resources that are overshadowed by segmented assimilation theory, the leading theory that has been used to understand the experience of post-1965 immigrants and their children. The chapter also introduces the four overarching research questions that guide this research and provides a roadmap of the book.
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Estrada, Alicia Ivonne. "(Re)Claiming Public Space and Place". In Critical Dialogues in Latinx Studies, 146–56. NYU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479805198.003.0012.
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The ongoing systemic violence in Guatemala has forced thousands of Mayas to cross the US/Mexican border. Once in the United States, they encounter multiple forms of sociopolitical marginalization from state entities and by non-Indigenous Latina/os. Yet, as they navigate within a hostile national environment that needs their labor but rejects their presence, Maya immigrants in Los Angeles have employed various survival strategies that situate the (re)affirmation of their culture and knowledge as central. It is in this context that I examine how the construction of a weekend mercado on the public sidewalks of the Westlake/MacArthur Park neighborhood where many Mayas reside creates a sense of community and place. The informal market in this part of Los Angeles serves as an important survival strategy in a racialized city with growing social inequalities. It is in their performance of market relations that Indigenous street vendors and their customers transmit the embodied cultural memory and practices of Mesoamerican mercados. Collectively, vendors as well as their customers and members of the community visually reproduce social relations and networks customary in Guatemala. The public performativity and reproduction of these dynamics also function as a means of remembering and transmitting embodied memory in the diaspora.
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"1 Introduction: Homelessness in the United States". In At Home on the Street, 1–26. Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781685856854-002.
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Khatibloo, Mohamad. "Gang Culture in the United States". In The Re-Evolution of American Street Gangs, 117–38. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19237-8.
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"7. The Future of Sell-Side Research in the United States". In Wall Street Research, 113–37. Stanford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780804787123-009.
Testo completoAtti di convegni sul tema "Street vendors – united states"
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Woods, Kirby, e Kenneth Thomas. "Reconstitution of Reactor Pressure Boundary Components Design Stress Report for License Renewal". In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25215.
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The majority of United States Commercial Nuclear Power Plants (CNPP) within the next 10 years will reach the end of their license to operate and can be renewed per the “Atomic Energy Act” of 1954. This act allowed the commission to issue commercial electric power nuclear plants a license to operate (“licensed, but not to exceed 40 years, and maybe renewed upon the expiration of such period, (Chapter 10, Sec. 103(c))).” These CNPP licenses are also governed by the NSSS vendor specification requirements and by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) design code standards. This connection is in the form of a stress report that defines the “cyclic life” adequacy criteria for this operational limit of 40 years. The license extension subsequently requires a reconstitution of the initial design stress report input parameters per ASME IWA-4120, 4223 & 4311 (e) for the renewal period extension. This requirement can entail an analysis of the operating conditions and cycles to demonstrate the material elasticity is maintained. The proposed approach for this reconstitution effort was a reanalysis in the form of a study of the Nuclear Steam System Supplier (NSSS) vendors’ original methodology to determine the NSSS vendor specification requirement for ASME code compliance and “cyclic life” adequacy. The information acquired from this evaluation has demonstrated the application to be a complex and simplistic approach. This effort to unravel the composite loading (thermal and pressure transients) condition in relation to specific plant and incident cycles provides both an understanding of component end-of-life limits and supports a comprehensive template for future fatigue life management programs. This paper summarizes this reconstituting effort that utilizes the original vessel stress analysis report to support the license renewal effort, provides a template for future fatigue management programs, demonstrates the conservatism of design, and offers an insight into the design philosophy revealing an elegant process that assures against failures.
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Bhavnani, Dilip. "Identification and Resolution of Piping Analysis Activities for Extended Power Uprates at Nuclear Plants". In ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2002-1244.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Recent experience has shown that many utilities have installed new feedwater flow measurement instrumentation, which is designed with new, proven technology that more accurately monitors feedwater flow and therefore, allows for improved thermal power level calculations. As a result of this new approach, many utilities have been able to extend limited power upgrades to the tune of 1.4%, and yet with no noticeable additional environmental impact. These electric power increases are generally attributable to the large design margins included in the original nuclear power plant designs and in addition, to the technological advances that have been made to the nuclear industry. Power increases are now carried out by several nuclear utilities in the United States with the NRC’s concurrence. Current nuclear power plants are providing cheap, reliable and affordable electricity to help meet current energy growing demands. As a result of this, power uprate increases are encouraged. Current economic conditions strongly favor power uprates and plant life extensions. In the early 1990s, a limited power uprate program was initiated, but due to complex design reviews, this was not steadfastedly recommended during this time period. Nuclear Steam Supply Systems (NSSS) vendors performed a key role in this nuclear power uprate program. This paper discusses structural and piping qualification review required to achieve these power uprate programs, currently being performed by nuclear utilities in the United States.
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Hass, Edward. "Metering Technology Center Values Laboratory Services". In NCSL International Workshop & Symposium. NCSL International, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.51843/wsproceedings.2014.51.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper was prepared for the National Conference of Standards Laboratories International Workshop and Symposium scheduled for 2014. It shares what was learned by CMS Energy’s Laboratory Services and its Metering Technology Center in regards to testing and certification verification of advanced metrology. It also defends the position that accredited laboratories are best suited to perform product testing as part of their services because those who have accreditation are accustomed to applying reference standards to secure, sustain, and accelerate acceptance of advanced technologies. In 2008, CMS Energy, the 4th largest energy utility company in the United States, temporarily transferred three employees from its accredited calibration laboratory to work at its testing facility to test high tech • newly designed Smart Grid Meter products. To this end, CMS constructed its own testing laboratory to verify vendors’ advertised claims that products adhered to C12 American National Standards Institute specification standards. In preparation for testing, CMS made the decision to upgrade its Alternating Current kilowatt-hour meter test equipment and today is uniquely recognized as the first laboratory in the United States accredited to calibrate electrical energy standards. Specific Company testing requirements are expected to subside in 2015 and CMS is looking for other new product assessment opportunities. Workforce synergies were gained and metrology dollars were prudently invested at CMS to assure capital intensive asset purchases were made wisely. What CMS learned in this process can be transferred to your facility to insure your investments are energy efficient and environmentally advanced.
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Greene, Rob. "Vibration Control Design for Light Rail Transit: A Single Project With the Full Rainbow of Vibration Control Features: Case Study". In 2015 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2015-5617.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Because of the recent emphasis on rail transit infrastructure expansion and rebuilding in the United States, there is concern about the potential adverse vibration effects on existing activities that are sensitive to vibration and ground-borne-noise located in proximity to new or reactivated rail system rights-of-way. A Southern California at-grade/elevated LRT system that is currently under construction required the design and specification of extensive vibration control features. The final design needed to include the entire range of vibration mitigation tools presented in the Federal Transit Administration guidance manual. Designs and Contract Specifications included simple single-layer ballast mats; multi-layer ballast mats; high-resilience direct fixation fasteners; potential wheel-squeal solutions; low-vibration special trackwork; continuously-supported, street-running, floating slab track; and discrete, steel-helical-spring-supported floating slab track. It is noteworthy that the discrete steel-spring-supported FST is the first use of this vibration control approach in an at-grade rail system in the United States. This paper will discuss the overall approach, data analysis, solutions development, and the final designs prepared for this project and how this information may be beneficial to other projects with similar issues.
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Rebak, Raul B., e Young-Jin Kim. "Hydrogen Diffusion in FeCrAl Alloys for Light Water Reactors Cladding Applications". In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63164.
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There is a worldwide effort to develop nuclear fuels that are resistant to accidents such as loss of coolant in the reactor and the storage pools. In the United States, the Department of Energy is teaming with fuel vendors to develop accident tolerant fuels (ATF), which will resist the lack of cooling for longer periods of times than the current zirconium alloy - uranium dioxide system. General Electric (GE) and its partners is proposing to replace zirconium alloys cladding with an Iron-Chromium-Aluminum (FeCrAl) alloy such as APMT, since they are highly resistant to attack by steam up to the melting point of the alloy. FeCrAl alloys do not react with hydrogen to form stable hydrides as zirconium alloys do. Therefore, it is possible that more tritium may be released to the coolant with the use of FeCrAl cladding. This work discusses the formation of an alumina layer on the surface of APMT cladding as an effective barrier for tritium permeation from the fuel to the coolant across the cladding wall.
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Bandyopadhyay, Arkasama, Julia P. Conger, Michael E. Webber e Benjamin D. Leibowicz. "A Decision Support Tool for Distributed Solar and Storage Investments: A Case Study in Austin, TX". In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11068.
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Abstract This study builds a decision support tool to evaluate when it is a good economic decision (least cost with minimum discomfort) for the residential customer to invest in distributed energy resources (DERs) based on different electricity rate structures, DER ownership frameworks, and DER rebates offered by electric utilities. The tool is demonstrated using empirical electricity consumption data from Pecan Street Inc. (a non-profit entity based on Austin, Texas), residential rates from Austin Energy (the municipal electric utility in Austin, Texas), DER ownership costs from various nationwide pilot programs, and incentives offered by electric utilities in the United States. Results show that for constant electricity rates, the overall expenditure is least when the customer owns solar panels without storage, while for time-varying pricing structures, the least expensive scenario is one where the customer does not own any DERs. As the capital costs for DERs decline, utilities incentivize customer ownership of DERs, and more residential customers face the decision of whether to invest in DERs, this study aims to be a key tool in aiding that decision-making process.
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Akinshipe, Olaoluwa, e Clinton Aigbavboa. "Progress on Attempts to Reduce Energy Consumption Used for Road Illumination". In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002215.
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Street lighting has become cheaper, more efficient, and easier to maintain due to the quality of research within this field.This report provides an exploratory account of the importance of an energy-efficient system suitable for highways and regular streets. Also, it evaluates the need for further research in the field of road lighting.The paper uses data sources from various geographical locations, including; South Africa, the United States and the Netherlands. This approach is adopted to discover a broader perspective of the constraints and methodologies employed to solve the same or similar problem, as results vary over different geographical locations worldwide.Judging by the amount of money spent, a typical home spends approximately 15% of its total electricity consumption on lighting. This makes the type of technology used for illumination to become increasingly essential. The introduction of energy-efficient Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) has made it much easier to shrink these consumption numbers. Considering all this in perspective, Artificial Intelligence may need to be widely adopted to reduce these numbers further.
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Scott, L. Max. "A Successful Remediation Project". In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16400.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
As part of a program to visit formerly licensed sites to determine if they meet current uncontrolled release conditions, a United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) inspection was conducted in the fall of 1993 at a site that had possessed a radioactive material license from about 1955 to 1970. While the license was in force, the plant processed magnesium scrap containing up to 4 percent thorium. The source of the scrap is believed to be the aircraft manufacturing industry. The scrap was placed in furnaces and heated to the melting point of magnesium, and the molten magnesium was drawn off, leaving the thorium with the residue (dross). Under the regulation in existence at that time, the thorium dross was buried on site in an approximate 14 acre field. In 1993 the inspector found readings up to 900uR/h. Early in 1994 an informal grid survey of most of the 14 acre site was conducted. Based on that survey, it was concluded that the thorium was widespread and extended beyond the property lines. The preliminary findings were reported to the USNRC, and in 1994 the site was designated as a Site Decommissioning Management Plan (SMPD) site. A remediation team was formed which included the following disciplines: remediation health physics, geology, hydrology, engineering, law, public relations, and project management. This remediation team planned, participated in selecting vendors, and provided project over site for all activities from site characterization through the final status survey. In 2006 the site was released for uncontrolled access. A chronology of activities with lessons learned will be presented.
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Smith, Warren N. "Reprocurement Considerations for an Existing Municipally Owned Refuse-to-Energy Plant: Pinellas County, Florida". In 13th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec13-3159.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
On May 7, 2007, the operating agreement for the Pinellas County mass-burn resource recovery facility will expire. This contract, originally negotiated in the late 1970’s is one of the first in the United States for the design, construction, operation and maintenance of a municipally owned refuse-to-energy facility, and thus is one of the first to expire. In late 2003, Pinellas County began the process to reprocure an operator for its resource recovery facility under the terms of a new long-term agreement. This paper discusses planning processes and reprocurement activities to date, including hiring a reprocurement consulting engineer; formation of the project team (Project Working Group and Project Oversight Committee); development of the project schedule; and, identification of the reprocurement approach (informal meetings with vendors, Request for Qualifications and Request for Proposals). The paper also addresses certain technical and contractual issues associated with contracting a 24-year old refuse-to-energy facility. Technical items considered are a modified approach to ash processing and metals recovery; whether or not to continue the WESPhix® ash treatment process; and the need for various capital improvements. Contractual matters include such items as ownership of spare parts; availability of operating documents and record drawings; transfer of proprietary licenses; and consideration of a transition agreement. Pinellas County’s reprocurement is being designed with the primary goal of developing a process that is fair, open and competitive; and one that provides a level playing field for all interested proposers. The paper draws comparisons between the reprocurement methods and processes considered, with conclusions about why the final reprocurement approach was selected.
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Keslacy, Elizabeth. "Re-reading the Pedestrian Mall: Race and Urban Landscape in the Memphis Mid-America Mall". In 110th ACSA Annual Meeting Paper Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.110.50.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The pedestrian mall became a fixture in declining American cities from the 1960s to the 1980s when landscape architects, municipal officials, and business associations created it as a design strategy to help downtown business districts compete with ascendant suburban malls, importing many of their spatial and programmatic strategies into the fabric of the city. Recent reassessments of pedestrian malls in planning journals have argued that factors such as tourism, climate, and even length contribute significantly to their ultimate success or failure. However, few have historically situated the mall-building phenomenon explicitly within the context of the civil rights movement, urban renewal, desegregation, and white flight—all factors that underwrote suburbanization and urban decline. This paper reads one pedestrian mall—the Mid-America Mall in Memphis, TN (1976)—within the context of the city’s racial politics. The Mall was one of the longest in the United States at its construction, stretching ten blocks along the city’s Main Street and terminating at the pedestrianized Civic Center plaza. Utilizing abstract, repetitive forms first popularized by the landscape architect Lawrence Halprin, Memphis architects Gassner, Nathan and Browne designed the mall with a block-long water feature at its center, surrounded by “performance platforms” of varying sizes and heights.
Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Street vendors – united states"
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Belcher, Scott, Terri Belcher, Kathryn Seckman, Brandon Thomas e Homayun Yaqub. Aligning the Transit Industry and Their Vendors in the Face of Increasing Cyber Risk: Recommendations for Identifying and Addressing Cybersecurity Challenges. Mineta Transportation Institute, luglio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2113.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Public transit agencies in the United States depend on external vendors to help deliver and maintain many essential services and to provide critical technologies, from ticket purchases to scheduling to email management. While the integration of new, advanced technologies into the public transit industry brings important advancements to U.S. critical transportation infrastructure, the application of digital technologies also brings with it a new assortment of digital risks. Transit agencies of all sizes are finding themselves subject to cyber incidents—most notably ransomware attacks—like those experienced by larger, more prominent companies and critical infrastructure providers. The findings in this report focus on helping all parties involved improve in three key areas: cyber literacy and procurement practices, the lifecycle of technology vis-à-vis transit hardware, and the importance of embracing risk as a road to resiliency.
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Claggett, Charles D. Two-Way Street or Two-Way Mirror? Will Canada's Future Army be able to Interoperate with the United States' Army After Next at the Operational and Tactical Level of War? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, gennaio 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada391922.
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Hailiang, Zhang, Wang Fuxiang, Sha Shengyi, Dai Lianshuang, Xuan Wenbo e Ren Zhong. PR-469-173823-R01 In Line Inspection and Evaluation of Pinholes in Oil and Gas Pipelines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), luglio 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011604.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Pinhole leaks have been reported as a significant cause of oil and gas pipeline failures in recent years. From 2010 to 2015, at least 131 significant incidents involving oil and gas pipelines in the United States (101 and 30, respectively) were attributed to pinhole leaks. The 9th European Gas Pipeline Incident Data Group Report states that as of 2013, the five-year moving average failure frequency for pinholes was equal to an approximate annual rate of 0.105 failures per 1,000 kilometers of pipeline(1). Pinholes may result from normal pipeline corrosion during routine operations, such as microbiologically induced corrosion, or can be created by third-party activities, such as illegal tapping. These small leaks have become a major risk for many pipeline companies. Pinhole leaks are more likely to lead to serious consequences than larger leaks because they are difficult to discover through normal monitoring and patrolling. An undetected pinhole leak can lead to significant soil and groundwater pollution over time. The research objective of this project was to investigate the applicability of magnetic flux leakage (MFL) to the inspection of oil and gas pipelines for pinhole defects. The MFL signal may be affected by pinhole diameter, depth, position, and so on. MFL inline inspection (ILI) technologies from five vendors were tested in blind scenarios involving pipeline with manufactured defects. Multiple pull through tests, field dig verification, and sampling were conducted to assess the effectiveness of MFL-ILI in pinhole detection. An optimal practice was developed by comparing the gap between MFL tracks, sampling frequency, intensity of magnetic field, etc. This report also outlines tests conducted to investigate the feasibility of using hydrostatic testing to detect pinholes.
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Corbacho, Ana, Steve Brito e Rene Osorio Rivas. Remittances and the Impact on Crime in Mexico. Inter-American Development Bank, maggio 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011632.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This working paper studies the effect of remittances from the United States on crime rates in Mexico. The topic is examined using municipal-level data on the percent of household receiving remittances and homicides per 100,000 inhabitants. Remittances are found to be associated with a decrease in homicide rates. Every 1 percent increase in the number of households receiving remittances reduces the homicide rate by 0.05 percent. Other types of crimes are analyzed, revealing a reduction in street robbery of 0.19 percent for every 1 percent increase in households receiving remittances. This decrease is also observed using a state-level panel in another specification. The mechanisms of transmission could be related to an income effect or an incapacitation effect of remittances increasing education, opening job opportunities, and/or reducing the amount of time available to engage in criminal activities.
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Kulhandjian, Hovannes. AI-based Pedestrian Detection and Avoidance at Night using an IR Camera, Radar, and a Video Camera. Mineta Transportation Institute, novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2127.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In 2019, the United States experienced more than 6,500 pedestrian fatalities involving motor vehicles which resulted in a 67% rise in nighttime pedestrian fatalities and only a 10% rise in daytime pedestrian fatalities. In an effort to reduce fatalities, this research developed a pedestrian detection and alert system through the application of a visual camera, infrared camera, and radar sensors combined with machine learning. The research team designed the system concept to achieve a high level of accuracy in pedestrian detection and avoidance during both the day and at night to avoid potentially fatal accidents involving pedestrians crossing a street. The working prototype of pedestrian detection and collision avoidance can be installed in present-day vehicles, with the visible camera used to detect pedestrians during the day and the infrared camera to detect pedestrians primarily during the night as well as at high glare from the sun during the day. The radar sensor is also used to detect the presence of a pedestrian and calculate their range and direction of motion relative to the vehicle. Through data fusion and deep learning, the ability to quickly analyze and classify a pedestrian’s presence at all times in a real-time monitoring system is achieved. The system can also be extended to cyclist and animal detection and avoidance, and could be deployed in an autonomous vehicle to assist in automatic braking systems (ABS).