Tesi: "Spur" – Grafiati

1

Flodin, Anders. "Wear of spur and helical gears". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Machine Design, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-2986.

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2

Meissner, Birgit. "Dem teuersten Gemälde auf der Spur". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-60953.

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In der SLUB Dresden wird durch die DFG u. a. das Sondersammelgebiet „Zeitgenössische Kunst seit 1945“ gefördert. Ende Juli haben sich mehrere StudentInnen zu einem Workshop angemeldet: „Dem teuersten Gemälde der Welt auf der Spur“. Bei diesem Workshop werden von den Teilnehmern Kataloge und Datenbanken auf Informationen zu Jackson Pollock und zu dem sensationellen Verkauf seines Bildes abgefragt. Vor allem soll geprüft werden, wie zeitaufwändig die Suche in verschiedenen Datenbanken und Katalogen ist.

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3

Ozturk, Fatih Mehmet. "Optimum Design Of Multistep Spur Gearbox". Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12606749/index.pdf.

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Optimum design of multistep gearbox, since many high-performance power transmission applications (e.g., automotive, space industry) require compact volume, has become an important interest area. This design application includes more complicated problems that are not taken into account while designing single stage gear drives. Design applications are generally made by trial and error methods depending on the experience and the intuition of the designer. In this study, using Visual Basic 6.0, an interactive program is developed for designing multistep involute standard and nonstandard spur gearbox according to the American Gear Manufacturers Association (AGMA) Standards 218.01 and 2001- B88. All the equations for calculating the pitting resistance geometry factor I, and the bending strength geometry factor J, are valid for external spur gears that are generated by rack-type tools (rack cutters or hobs). The program is made for twostage to six-stage gear drives, which are commonly used in the industry. Compactness of gear pairs and gearbox, and equality of factor of safety against bending failure is taken as the design objective. By considering the total required gear ratio, the number of reduction stages is input by the user. Gear ratios of every stage is distributed to the stages according to the total gear ratio that satisfies the required precision (from ±
0.1 to ±
0.00001 on overall gear ratio) depending on the user selected constraints (unequal gear ratio for every stage, noninteger gear ratio e.g.). Dimensional design is determined by considering bending stress, pitting stress, and involute interference constraints. These steps are carried out iteratively until a desirable solution is acquired. The necessary parameters for configuration design such as number of teeth, module, addendum modification coefficient, are selected from previously determined gear pairs that satisfies the constraints by user interaction considering the performance criterion from the developed program. The positions of gears and shafts are determined automatically in order to keep the volume of gearbox as minimum while satisfying the nonlinear spatial constraints (center distance constraint for proper meshing of gear pairs, face distance constraint for proper assembly of pinion and gear having same shaft, gear interference constraint for preventing interferences between gears, shaft interference constraint for preventing interferences between gears and shafts) by using DLL (Dynamic Link Library) technology of Lingo 8.0 optimization software together with Visual Basic 6.0. If shaft interference constraint is removed then cantilevered mounting of gear pairs would also be possible, otherwise the gears should be mounted between bearings. Visual output of assembly is made by using Autodesk Inventor 7.0, automatically by the program.

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4

Petry-Johnson, Travis T. "Experimental investigation of spur gear efficiency". Connect to resource, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1209585550.

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5

Дядечко, Алла Миколаївна, Алла Николаевна Дядечко, Alla Mykolaivna Diadechko e G. Tkachenko. "Spur of competition to meet economic crisis". Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16935.

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To support competition on the national level we suggest realizing of the following measures: providing of tax remissions to the most competitive producers, supporting innovations and subsidizing of the most efficient innovative projects throught open competition, diffusion of the policy of attracting skilled workers with high educational level, realization of government projects through organization competition credits at the interest rates. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16935

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6

Bommisetty, Venkata Satya Naga Karthik. "FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF SPUR GEAR SET". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1337268681.

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7

Kneer, Markus. "Die dunkle Spur im Denken : Rationalität und Antijudaismus /". Paderborn : F. Schöningh, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39048335v.

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8

Reinboth, Judith, Frank Britsche e Werner Schneider. "Jüdischen Musikern in Leipzig auf der Spur: Didaktische Materialien: Pädagogische Handreichung zum „Notenbogen-Entdeckerpass – Jüdischen Musikern in Leipzig auf der Spur“". Notenspur Leipzig e.V, 2018. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35859.

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Der Notenbogen-Entdeckerpass für Kinder und Jugendliche, der Möglichkeiten eröffnet, zu jüdischen Musikern in Leipzig zu forschen, Neues zu entdecken, der Notenspur zu folgen und viele weitere Impulse gibt, steht seit einiger Zeit zur Verfügung. Nun gilt es, die Kinder und Jugendlichen zu unterstützen, sowohl im schulischen Kontext als auch durch Freizeiteinrichtungen, bei denen die kulturelle Bildung im Mittelpunkt steht. Zum Entdeckerpass gibt es jetzt die vorliegende Handreichung. Sie beinhaltet didaktische Hinweise für ausgewählte Stationen, zahlreiche Arbeitsblätter als Kopiervorlagen für Schülerinnen und Schüler, Stadtrallyes mit handlungsorientierten Aufgaben für eine Exkursion oder einen Projekttag. Ebenso enthalten sind ein Lernquiz und Arbeitsblätter mit vertiefenden Quellen zum entdeckenden, biografischen Lernen für vier ausgewählte jüdische Musiker, die alle einen Bezug zu Leipzig hatten. Die handlungsorientierten Aufgaben, unter anderem kreative Ideen für Gedenktafeln, Straßeninterviews, fiktive Stadtführungen, dienen nicht nur der Wissensreproduktion, sondern haben das Ziel, eine Auseinandersetzung und Reflexion zu befördern. Somit kann auf das umfassende und vielfältige Angebot der Stadt Leipzig zugegriffen werden und die Nutzer erleben eine lebendige und partizipative Erinnerungskultur.

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9

Boberg, Elin. "Evolution of Spur Length in a Moth-pollinated Orchid". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Ekologisk botanik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-113086.

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There is considerable evidence that pollinator shifts can explain many differences in flower morphology between closely related plant species, but the extent to which pollinator shifts can explain the maintenance of among-population variation in floral traits within species is poorly known. In this thesis, I combined comparative and experimental approaches to examine the evolution of floral traits in the moth-pollinated orchid Platanthera bifolia. More specifically, I investigated (1) the relationship between flower and pollinator morphology, (2) phenotypic selection on morphology and phenology in populations in contrasting environments, (3) components of prezygotic reproductive isolation among divergent populations, and (4) the adaptive and functional significance of two correlated floral traits. A study of Scandinavian of P. bifolia populations revealed that spur length was positively correlated with proboscis length of local pollinators, which suggests that variation in spur length reflects adaptive evolution in response to geographically variable pollinator-mediated selection. A phenotypic selection study on Öland, SE Sweden, suggested that disruptive selection on spur length contributes to the maintenance of a bimodal distribution of spur length in mixed habitats, but provided very limited evidence of divergent selection on plant morphology and flowering phenology in grassland and woodland habitats. Field experiments revealed strong reproductive isolation between divergent populations on Öland, due to differences in spatial distribution, flowering phenology, and pollinators, and among-population incompatibility. The results suggest that prezygotic reproductive isolation contributes to the maintenance of population differentiation in floral traits in P. bifolia. A field manipulation experiment demonstrated that spur length but not perianth size affects pollination success and seed production. This suggests that among-population differentiation in perianth size may be the result of a genetic correlation with spur length. Taken together, the results of this thesis suggest that pollinator-mediated selection can shape the evolution of intraspecific floral variation.

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10

Chitta, Sudeendra. "Elastohydrodynamic lubrication in spur gear and helical gear contacts". Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Avd.), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-151246.

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The gears in a transmission are lubricated to prevent their premature failure as a result of pitting and wear on the tooth surfaces. Furthermore, the lubricant also limits the rise in surface temperature of the gears, which could otherwise lead to failure as a result of scuffing. The purpose of this thesis was to construct a fairly realistic theoretical lubrication model for spur and helical gears, the primary output parameters of this model being film thickness and flash temperatures, which would help in the identification of areas on the gear tooth surface prone to the aforementioned modes of failure. This thesis was carried out at the Gear Technology group in Scania CV AB in collaboration with the department of machine design at KTH. Gear lubrication is tricky as it entails the determination of parameters such as loads, curvatures, and velocities; which are different along the entire surface of the gear tooth. Primarily the loads are hard to obtain as they are dynamic in nature; the load is shared between different pairs of teeth during motion. The calculation of velocities and curvatures in an area of the gear surface called the tip relief can also not be done in a straightforward manner. These issues were simplified to a large extent with the assistance of a program called Helical 3D; owing to its powerful contact analysis algorithm, values of the film thickness and flash temperatures could be determined in almost every region where contact occurred between the gear teeth. The results of the lubrication model showed a reduction in film thickness in the tip relief area of the gear tooth surface; which meant that there were higher chances for the incidence of pitting and wear in this region. This was later confirmed when photographs from experimental tests illustrated a pitting line in the tip relief region of the helical gear. It was also inferred from the model that the occurrence of pitting could be greatly reduced if a quadratic tip relief modification were applied when compared to the existing linear modification used at Scania. Another important conclusion drawn was that thermal effects contributed to a significant decrease in the film thickness. Furthermore, the model showed higher flash temperatures close to the tip of the gear tooth surface, and photographs from experiments conducted showed the prescence of scuffing marks there.

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11

White, John. "The design and evaluation of polymer composite spur gears". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.647446.

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12

Sadeghi, Mohammad Hossain. "Precision forging axisymmetric shapes, straight and helical spur gears". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.712700.

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13

Wang, Jiande. "Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Spur Gears in Mesh". Thesis, Curtin University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/879.

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The investigation of numerical methods for modelling the mechanism properties of involute spur gears in mesh, over the mesh cycle, forms the major part of this thesis. Gearing is perhaps one of the most critical components in power transmission systems and the transmission error of gears in mesh is considered to be one of the main causes of gear noise and vibration. Numerous papers have been published on gear transmission error measurement and many investigations have been devoted to gear vibration analysis. There still, however, remains to be developed a general Finite Element Model capable of predicting the effect of variations in rigid body gear tooth position, in which the critical stage is the prediction of gear behaviour with profile modifications (including tip-relief).In this thesis, FEA results have been obtained by using various techniques including: (a) adaptive re-mesh with contacts using quad (2D) and brick (3D) elements and (b) the element birth and death option. Tooth profile modifications can affect the behaviour of the gear meshing including the T.E., ratio of local deformation and load-sharing ratio results, etc, providing an alternative method for gear design. In the high order end, the elastic strains of the gear-shaft system have also been investigated. The results in this thesis have shown the potential for using strain-vibration relationships to monitor or control the transmission system. The investigations have also included some analysis with non-metallic gears, an application area that is rapidly growing. The results achieved here are at a fundamental stage, and further research would necessitate applying a coupled field analysis (structural and thermal).

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14

Wang, Jiande. "Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Spur Gears in Mesh". Curtin University of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=14464.

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The investigation of numerical methods for modelling the mechanism properties ofinvolute spur gears in mesh, over the mesh cycle, forms the major part of this thesis.Gearing is perhaps one of the most critical components in power transmission systemsand the transmission error of gears in mesh is considered to be one of the main causes ofgear noise and vibration. Numerous papers have been published on gear transmissionerror measurement and many investigations have been devoted to gear vibration analysis.There still, however, remains to be developed a general Finite Element Model capable ofpredicting the effect of variations in rigid body gear tooth position, in which the criticalstage is the prediction of gear behaviour with profile modifications (including tip-relief).In this thesis, FEA results have been obtained by using various techniques including: (a)adaptive re-mesh with contacts using quad (2D) and brick (3D) elements and (b) theelement birth and death option. Tooth profile modifications can affect the behaviour ofthe gear meshing including the T.E., ratio of local deformation and load-sharing ratioresults, etc, providing an alternative method for gear design. In the high order end, theelastic strains of the gear-shaft system have also been investigated. The results in thisthesis have shown the potential for using strain-vibration relationships to monitor orcontrol the transmission system.The investigations have also included some analysis with non-metallic gears, anapplication area that is rapidly growing. The results achieved here are at a fundamentalstage, and further research would necessitate applying a coupled field analysis (structuraland thermal).

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15

Müller, Martin. "Der polynomielle Abschluß von Sprachklassen über Spuren". [S.l. : s.n.], 2005.

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16

Horsch, Martin. "Spiele und temporallogische Fragmente über Spuren". [S.l. : s.n.], 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-26961.

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17

Imran, Saeed Sohail. "Investigation of Mechanisms for Spur Generation in Fractional-N Frequency Synthesizers". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Elektroniksystem, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-80886.

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With the advances in wireless communication technology over last two decades, the use of fractional-N frequency synthesizers has increased widely in modern wireless communication applications due to their high frequency resolution and fast settling time. The performance of a fractional-N frequency synthesizer is degraded due to the presence of unwanted spurious tones (spurs) in the output spectrum. The Digital Delta-Sigma Modulator can be directly responsible for the generation of spur because of its inherent nonlinearity and periodicity. Many deterministic and stochastic techniques associated with the architecture of the DDSM have been developed to remove the principal causes responsible for production of spurs. The nonlinearities in a frequency synthesizer are another source for the generation of spurs. In this thesis we have predicted that specific nonlinearities in a fractional-N frequency synthesizer produce spurs at well-defined frequencies even if the output of the DDSM is spur-free. Different spur free DDSM architectures have been investigated for the analysis of spurious tones in the output spectrum of fractional-N frequencysynthesizers. The thesis presents simulation and experimental investigation of mechanisms for spur generation in a fractional-N frequency synthesizer. Simulations are carried out using the CppSim system simulator, MATLAB and Simulink while the experiments are performed on an Analog Devices ADF7021, a high performance narrow-band transceiver IC.

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18

Egger, Roland. "Der Supernova-Überrest North Polar Spur in der ROSAT- Himmelsdurchmusterung". Garching bei München : Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik, 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/29509967.html.

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19

Greiner, Ulrike. "Der Spur des Anderen folgen? : Religionspädagogik zwischen Theologie und Humanwissenschaften /". Münster ;Hamburg [u. a.] : Lit, 2000. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/312026889.pdf.

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20

Steward, Julian Holmes. "Elastic analysis of load distribution in wide-faced spur gears". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/804.

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The load distribution across the contact line(s) of spur gears is essential for the gear designer to be able to accurately stress gears for a given application. Existing gear standards (eg BS 436, AGMA 218 DIN 3990) use a thin slice (2D) model of the meshing gear teeth to estimate the contact line load distribution. This approach clearly fails to model properly teeth subjected to mal-distributed loads, since the buttressing effect of adjacent tooth sections tends to flatten the load distribution. Non-linear tooth modifications such as crowning and some forms of lead correction are also inadequately modelled. This thesis sets out the theory for a 3D elastic model of widefaced- spur gears that has been implemented on a micro-computer. The required 3D contact line influence coefficients for standard form zero modification spur gears with 18 to 100 teeth have been determined by Finite Element analysis. These theoretical values have been compared with results from experiments carried out on a complete large module (18. Omm) wide-faced spur gear. The effect of the various elemental gear errors (eg pitch, profile, lead) and profile modifications have been investigated using the 3D computer model; the results compared with results predicted by the existing gear design standards. The existing gear standards use 2D tooth compliance values up to 50% less than those obtained in this work, largely due to inadequate modelling of the gear body compliance, which is most significant in gear wheels. Comparison of 3D tooth compliance values shows a large discrepancy between author's results again due to inadequate modelling of the gear body.

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21

Schuette, Uwe. "Auf der spur der vergessenen : Gerhard Roths Archive des Schweigens". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338065.

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22

Yildirim, Nihat. "Theoretical and experimental research in high contact ratio spur gearing". Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307840.

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23

Udthala, Aparna. "Contact Fatigue of Spur Gear Operating Under Starved Lubrication Condition". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1619554628009744.

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24

Siyanga, Malumo. "Does public debt spur or hinder economic growth in Zambia?" Thesis, University Of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29935.

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This study investigates the relationship between public debts and economic growth in Zambia using ARDL analysis covering the period from 1970 to 2015. The results confirm the existence of the long run relationship between public debt and economic growth but the relationship is found to be negative and insignificant both in the short and long run. In addition, the results indicate that both the debt overhang and crowding out effects occur in Zambia. The study recommends that the government should develop a debt management policy, improve macroeconomic management, borrow prudently, improve project appraisal and selection, investing in productivity-enhancing projects, encourage diversification and promote export-growth.

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25

Wright, Zachary Harrison. "Loaded Transmission Error Measurement System for Spur and Helical Gears". The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1230916489.

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26

Vierke, Ulf. "Die Spur der Glasperlen Produktion, Handel und Aneignung von Glasperlen". Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2004. http://d-nb.info/985598220/04.

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27

Greiner, Ulrike. "Der Spur des Anderen folgen? : Religionspädagogik zwischen Theologie und Humanwissenschaft /". Münster : Thaur : Lit ; Druch- und Verlagshaus Thaur, 2000. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=008878113&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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28

Haak, Dietrich. "Werkzeuggestützte Herleitung von Protokollen". [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11144256.

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29

Seegert, Anke. "Wasserbildern auf der Spur systematische Untersuchungen an Wasserschleiern und an Wassertreppen /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975827294.

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30

Sackenheim, Jeffrey Alan. "Learning from suburbia transforming successful elements of suburbia to spur urban /". Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1115205716.

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Thesis (Master of Architecture)--University of Cincinnati, 2005.
Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Dec. 14, 2006). Includes abstract. Keywords: Urban Renewal, Suburbia, Urban Sprawl, City Centers, Revitalization. Includes bibliographical references.

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31

Jahn, Ilse. ""Dem Leben auf der Spur" : die biologischen Forschungen Alexander von Humboldts". Universität Potsdam, 2009. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4259/.

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32

Zimmermann, Mayte [Verfasser], Nikolaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Müller-Schöll e Ulrike [Akademischer Betreuer] Haß. "Theater der Spur / Mayte Zimmermann. Gutachter: Nikolaus Müller-Schöll ; Ulrike Haß". Frankfurt am Main : Univ.-Bibliothek Frankfurt am Main, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1077818874/34.

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33

Bückmann, Esther. "Dem Fremden auf der Spur : postmoderne Identität zwischen Eigenem und Fremdem /". Marburg : Tectum-Verl, 2007. http://d-nb.info/986459917/04.

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34

Noack, Hendrik-David. "Gesamtfahrzeugsimulation eines Hybridfahrzeuges als dynamisches Ein-Spur-Modell mit Matlab-Simulink". Master's thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-188732.

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In dieser Arbeit wurde ein computergestütztes, dynamisches Ein-Spur-Modell eines Pkw mit einem parallelen hybrid-elektrischen Antrieb (P2-Topologie) in Matlab-Simulink entwickelt. Es erlaubt die Skalierung des elektrischen Leistungsanteils und simuliert die Betriebsarten elekt- risches, konventionelles und hybrides Fahren, Bremsenergierückgewinnung und Start-Stopp- Betrieb. Ferner kann durch die Modellierung einer Einscheiben-Trockenkupplung zwischen Verbrennungs- und Elektromotor die Momentenübertragung bei schlupfender Kupplung wäh- rend des Anfahrens oder beim Start des Verbrennungsmotors durch den Elektromotor nach- gebildet werden. Die Fahrzeugsimulation kann in drei verschiedenen Fahrzyklen (NEFZ, WLTP, FTP-75) durchgeführt werden. Als Ausgabegrößen stehen u.a. der Kraftstoffverbrauch, die CO2-Emissionen, die Antriebs- und Rekuperationsarbeit am Verbrennungs- bzw. Elektro- motor und an den Rädern sowie die dafür benötigte bzw. rückgeführte elektrische Energie zur Verfügung. Zusätzlich kann der zeitliche Verlauf zahlreicher relevanter Größen dargestellt wer- den. Die Validierung der Simulation zeigte eine gute Übereinstimmung mit den Daten eines realen Fahrzeuges in Bezug auf Beschleunigungsverhalten, Maximalgeschwindigkeit und Kraftstoffverbrauch
In the frame of this Master Thesis a dynamic single-track-model of a hybrid electric vehicle was developed. The model comprises basic operation modes such as electric, conventional and hybrid driving, recuperation of braking energy and engine start-stop. It allows to scale the split of the propulsion between the combustion and electric engine. A further fundamental com- ponent is the model of a friction disc clutch, enabling the simulation of torque transmission of a slipping clutch during the vehicle start and the upspeeding of the combustion engine through the electric engine. The program offers three driving cycles for simulation (NEDC, WLTC, FTP- 75). Fuel consumption, CO2-emissions, propulsion and recuperation work of the combustion engine, electric engine and the wheels are provided as output variables as well as the required and recuperated electric energy. Furthermore several relevant variables are displayed in their progress over time. The model was validated against real vehicle data showing a good corre- lation regarding acceleration, maximum speed and fuel consumption

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35

Liu, Huaiju. "Lubricated contact analysis of a spur gear pair with dynamic loads". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57917/.

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In the present research study, a comprehensive spur gear lubrication analysis has been carried out to understand the gear contact behaviour under lubrication conditions. The modelling works have been extended to consider the effects of thermal mechanical, non-Newtonian fluid, surface roughness, transient squeeze and dynamic load conditions. First, the elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory is studied and relevant numerical approaches are introduced. The reduced Reynolds equation technique is applied to deal with any potential "asperity contacts" or any other ultra-thin film situations. Those situations could be a result of the surface roughness or the dynamic load effect. This approach allows us to capture local information about pressure, traction, film thickness, etc., within the nominal contact zone. Influence of working conditions, i.e. load, rolling speed, as well as the sliding to roll ratio are discussed with those models (Newtonian or non-Newtonian fluids, isothermal or thermal conditions). The non-Newtonian fluid effect has been investigated with a Ree-Eyring fluid model and a power-law fluid model and the thermal effect is studied by solving energy equations of interacting solids and the film numerically with the sequential sweeping technique. The dynamic effect on contact performance is also studied. The dynamic load is calculated using a two degree-of-freedom lumped parameter system dynamic model in which the varying mesh stiffness is considered as the excitation. The dynamic model is solved using the Runge-Kutta method. The effects of the dynamic load effect on pressure distribution and film thickness in a whole mesh period are discussed. The normal contact stiffness of a spur gear pair is also predicted based on the deterministic tribology models. The main contributions from the present research could be summarized as follows: i. An elastohydrodynamic lubrication model for a spur gear pair is developed by taking into account the effects of transient squeeze, the non-Newtonian fluid, the rough surface and the thermal mechanical contacts which makes the proposed model one of the most advanced models currently evaluating gear lubrication performance. This model can also be applied to bearings, cams, or other gear types with some modifications. ii. The friction behaviour, which is not investigated as extensively as the film thickness in existing work, is studied. The effects of the working conditions (the load, the rolling speed, the slide/roll ratio), the non-Newtonian conditions, the rough surface conditions, as well as the thermal conditions on friction behaviour are discussed. The conclusions suggest controlling surface topography patterns and working conditions aiming at a reduced friction coefficient and a longer service life. iii. The dynamic effect on lubrication performance and effect of lubrication on normal contact stiffness of a spur gear pair are studied. The work provides a potential gateway for a more comprehensive evaluation of spur gear pair working performance using a tribology-dynamic coupled method which is the next area this author would like to explore.

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36

Zhang, Hao. "Study on Flow and Bed Evolution in Channels with Spur Dykes". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/123475.

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37

Hochmann, David. "Friction force excitations in spur and helical involute parallel axis gearing /". The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487948158628115.

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38

Fuhrer, Armin. "Von Diktatur keine Spur? Mythen und Fakten über die ehemalige DDR". München Olzog, 2009. http://d-nb.info/993661378/04.

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39

She, S.-chin, e 許思勤. "Machining and Measurement of Spur-gear meshed with Spur rack". Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41598368762642469609.

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碩士
國立成功大學
機械工程學系
86
This thesis presents an analytical methodology on the NC data generationfor maching of spur gear meshed with spur rack on 3-axis machine tools, andautomation measurement of the spur gear on coordinate measuring machine. Theability function of the machine tool and the coordinate measuring machine arederived by the Denavit-Hartenberg notation. The desired cutter and probe locations are also derived by the Denavit-Hartenberg notation. The cutting NCdata equations are obtained by solving the link variables of the machine tool through equations of its ability function and the desired cutter location matrix. The measuring NC data equations are obtained by solving the link variables of the coordinate measuring machine througt equations of its abilityfunction and the desired probe location matrix. To verify the developed methodology, this gear is machined on a 3-axis machine tool, and measured on a coordinate measuring machine then. The measuring data will be localized through a program designed to get a better measuring result. This methodology is a general one and is applicable for various gear manufactures and measurements. It also combine the activities of gear design, manufacturing, and measurement.

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40

Xu, Si-Qin, e 許思勤. "Machining and Measurement of Spur-gear meshed with Spur rack". Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24746450313367871159.

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41

"Die Spur der Vorbesitzer finden". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-79902.

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Am 27. November 2011 wurde die Ausstellung „NS-Raubgut in der Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig“ eröffnet. Hannah Neumann, Studentin der HTWK Leipzig und zeitweise als Praktikantin im Projekt beschäftigt, sprach mit dem Projektteam Cordula Reuß, Kathy Weigand und Susanne Seige ...

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42

Lai, Liang-chieh, e 賴良傑. "Design of Shifted Spur Gears". Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41413309975445933836.

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碩士
逢甲大學
材料與製造工程所
93
Shifted gears are generated by standard gear generating tools with gear pitch circle intersect or away from the tool pitch line. Therefore, a pair of mating pinion and gear has different addendum/dedendum. Shifted gears may be employed in one of the occasions, (a) to avoid undercutting, (b) to obtain lager contact ratio, (c) to fit specific center distance in a gear train, and (d) to increase the tooth root strength. However, when gear engineers try to improve one factor by the using of shifted gears, usually, other factors become worse. So, tedious try-and-error procedures must be taken in the design of shifted gears to meet all the demands. This thesis discusses the general procedures of designing shifted spur gears, and provides a Microsoft ExcelÒ code to perform the tedious try-and-error task effectively and efficiently. This thesis also provide a method to analyze shifted spur gear deformation by using of Timoshenko Beam Theory, since the traditional Lewis Method for gear stress analysis is not suitable for analyzing shifted gear strength. Examples for improving gear performance through properly choosing a shifting coefficient are shown in the article too.

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43

Huang, Kuo-Jao, e 黃國饒. "DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF SPUR GEARS". Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69173614929581419011.

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博士
國立交通大學
機械工程系
91
With an increasing demand for high performance machinery, dynamic analysis for gears has become important. Instead of discrete mass-spring models, this study presents a dynamic stiffness method to analyze spur gear dynamics. The dynamic responses of single gears and gear pairs are investigated. This continuum approach takes into account time-varying stiffness and mass matrices due to moving meshing points. Firstly, using a dynamic stiffness method, dynamic analysis for rotating nonuniform cross-section Euler beams is carried out. Longitudinally stiffening effect is taken into account by including a geometrically nonlinear term. The dynamic stiffness of a beam element is formulated using power series. Tip deformations of the beams are calculated. In contrast to the finite element method that has to refine the element mesh, accurate dynamic response can be obtained with only few elements and few modes in the dynamic stiffness method. The dynamic stiffness method for a Timoshenko beam is further developed and applied to spur gear dynamic analysis. Firstly, quadratic polynomials are used to represent profiles of the nonuniform cross-section beam elements for the gear blank and tooth. Then, the dynamic stiffness matrix of a Timoshenko beam element is derived. Next, assemble the dynamic stiffness matrices of the beam elements and a nonlinear Hertzian contact stiffness to form the dynamic stiffness matrix of the gear system. Finally, tip deformations and fillet strains of gears are calculated by performing modal analysis and the Runge-Kutta method. In experiment, tip deformations and fillet stains are respectively obtained using CCD image processing and a strain gauge. Experimental results serve to verify calculation results by the proposed method. The final part of this study investigates the effect of the centrifugal force arising from the gear rotation on gear dynamics. In addition, this study also examines influences of gear parameters including the correction factor, backlash, and nonstandard center distance on gear dynamics. Fillet strains of a gear pair are calculated using a multi-tooth pair model to account for multi-tooth pairs in contact.

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44

Lin, Chang-kuei, e 林長葵. "Improvement of Spur Dike Works". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84033381460561084425.

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碩士
逢甲大學
水利工程與資源保育學系
104
Recently, the extreme climate types occur frequently under the effect of climate change, causing more frequent flooding. The main channels change significantly in Taiwan because of the rapid flows and steep slope gradient carrying high sediment load. As a result, it causes serious disasters such as scouring of the river bed around the levee foundation. Therefore, this study develops a new type of protection works, the water-permeable ring column spur dikes, to enhance the security of levee foundation. The results for various shapes and axis inclination of the pervious spur dikes will compared with those for the traditional impervious spur dikes. Based on the experiments, the scour characteristics, and the optimal allocation of the spur dikes were explored and can be applied to the relevant engineering units. The results show that in general the position of maximum scour depth occurs near the head of spur dike, and it moves further away from the levee as the axis inclination increases. The maximum scour depth of the ring column spur dike is usually smaller than the traditional one. The permeability and flexibility of ring column spur dike can promote flow turbulence and dissipate the energy of downflow, and thus restrain the development of scour hole around the spur dike. Comprehensive consideration of the safety of spur dike and levee foundation reveals that the type Ⅲ, with 1/10 axis inclination, of water-permeable ring column spur dike is the optimal type among the experimental conditions conducted in this study. The optimal allocation of spur dike can reduce 50% of the scour depth reduction rate and 73.6% of the scour holes at the dike head. It can effectively reduce spur dikes scour depth, and move the position of maximum scour depth away from the levee and increase the safety of levee foundation.

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45

Yang, Chung-How, e 楊中豪. "Parameterized Stress Analysis of Spur Gears". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11803172520934353169.

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碩士
國立中正大學
機械工程所
96
The stress analysis with CAD/CAE software is generally used nowadays for the contact analysis of a gear pair. The software package ANSYS® is chosen as the analytic platform to analyze the contact and bending stresses of a spur gear pair in this thesis. The discrete tooth profile data is first processed by the proposed points-added and points-deleted methods. The gear model and ANSYS® scripts are built by the Mathematica® program, and the nodes and meshes of the spur gears are auto-generated in the preprocessing software HyperMesh®. The simulated results of the contact and bending stresses calculated in ANSYS® are compared with the theoretical experience formulas to verify the validity of the analytic model. In the numerical examples, the pressure angle and the tooth height of a spur gear pair are varied to discuss their influence upon the gear tooth strength. All in all, the proposed procedure in this thesis can provide an exact tooth strength analysis for a spur gear pair.

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46

Lee, Tai-Yi, e 李泰億. "Contact Stress Analysis of Spur Gears". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86876545240268574039.

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碩士
國立暨南國際大學
土木工程學系
101
The purpose of this study is to apply the finite element method to the contact stress analysis of spur gears. The ANSYS APDL code is written to develop finite element model and perform contact stress analysis. Different contact algorithms used in frictionless/friction contact and bending stress analysis in spur gear are also discussed. In order to verify the validity of the method of contact stresses analysis, the finite element results are first compared to the analytical solution of a cylinder in contact with a half-plane. The results show the penalty function algorithm can generate the solutions in better agreement with the analytical solution. The finite element analysis is also applied to study the effect to gear parameter on the contact stresses between a pair of gear tooth and bending stresses of gear root. The results show the contact stress at gear surface and bending stress of the gear root decrease with an increasing pressure angle.

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47

Lee, Chia Hsun, e 李佳訓. "Spur-Suppression Multiplying Delay-Locked Loop". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80334548415334498377.

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48

Li, Shihyuan, e 利士元. "Discussion on the spur dike Construction Method-A Case Study of the Liugui No.1 Revetment spur dike". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/845u38.

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碩士
正修科技大學
營建工程研究所
107
Taiwan often encounters heavy rains in the mountains due to frequent typhoons, which makes the rivers flow directly into the river, and the Spur dike is one of the ways to solve the crisis of water flow. In this paper, the construction case is located in the spur dike of the Six Turtle No. 1 Bridge. This is because the typhoon in Kong-rey has caused severe changes in the river channel, resulting in the entire spur dike foundation being emptied by the river, resulting in dikes. The collapse of the embankment collapsed, so in order to relieve the strength of the river, strengthen apron of the spur dike, and use the wave block to block the strength of the river to reduce the force of the spur. In view of this, this paper applies the engineering legislation to the construction process, closely links the engineering regulations with the construction process, and properly manages the quality to ensure the smooth completion of the project and the consolidation of the embankment, so that the people’s property can be protected and the nearby Residents need no fear of flooding beasts.

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49

"Backwater rise due to a submerged spur". Thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-01312011-131519.

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A spur is an earth or rock fill embankment which projects into a stream channel from the bank. The spur is usually a low height structure and therefore it may be overtopped during flood events. Prediction of the backwater rise upstream of the overtopped spur, given the downstream stage-discharge curve and the geometry of the channel and the spur, is a new area of study and was the main objective of this thesis. Overtopping or submergence of a spur is an example of 'over and around' flow. 'Over and around' flow is a complicated case of rapidly varied non-uniform flow through a non-prismatic cross section. 'Around only' flow such as flow past bridge piers, and 'over only' flow such as flow over weirs, represent simpler cases of rapidly varied nonuniform flow, and have been studied by previous researchers. Before studying 'over and around' flows, 'over only' flows and 'around only' flows were also studied in order to confirm that the instrumentation and methodology were satisfactory for the present study. Design charts were developed to compare the results of this study with those of previous researchers, and also some new charts were developed. The 'over and around' flows were studied in detail and new design charts were developed to predict the backwater rise due to a submerged spur.

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50

YOU, YUE-HAN, e 游約翰. "Dynamic stresses for profile shifted spur gears". Thesis, 1991. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25857949305689174863.

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