Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Specialist products"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Specialist products":
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Kay, Willie, e John C. Payne. "Specialist Products in High Performance Concrete". Structural Engineering International 5, n. 3 (agosto 1995): 188–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686695780600980.
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Chaplin, Steve, Maj Friberg Birkedal, Erica Crilly, Simon Fletcher, Sara Garcia, Greta Mulders, Linda Myrin-Westesson, Debra Pollard, Anna Sanigorska e Nanda Uitslager. "Haemophilia specialist nurses’ perceptions of haemophilia B". Journal of Haemophilia Practice 8, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2021): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jhp-2021-0013.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Introduction Some clinicians believe that haemophilia B is associated with less bleeding than haemophilia A, yet there appears to be little difference in health-related outcomes. Current clinical practice reduces the risk of bleeds, making differences difficult to measure. We surveyed specialist haemophilia nurses to discern their opinions about the impact of haemophilia B compared to haemophilia A. Methods Between July and September 2020, European and Canadian nurses were invited to complete an online survey (25 questions) about perceptions of management and treatment of haemophilia B. Results Fifty-nine nurses (46 European, 13 Canadian) completed the survey. Bleeding was reported as different in haemophilia B by 37% of respondents, and treatment as different by over half. Opinions and experience around using extended half-life (EHL) products varied. Self-reported confidence in using EHL products was rated at a mean of 7.1 (range 3–10) with 47% believing these would remain the optimal treatment in 2025. Conclusion Some nurses believe haemophilia A and B are managed differently. Variations in experience and levels of confidence in the use of EHL products, combined with a belief that these products will remain an optimal treatment for haemophilia B for the next five years, indicates a need for education to promote confidence and competence.
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Macdonald, Alastair S. "Bridging Tools for Human Factors and Design". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, n. 38 (luglio 2000): 806–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004403833.
Abstract (sommario):
Poor communication can arise between different professions due to the limitations of the language each specialism employs. Designers, as ‘generalists’, are the end users of ‘specialist’ knowledge such as human factors, but each field will have its own vocabulary of terminology. This communication gap between specialists can result in under-optimised products failing to deliver usability, quality and enjoyment in use. The ambition of this paper is to explore how communication can be improved through the use of a range of ‘bridging tools’ that facilitate the sharing of expertise and the development of a common language between a range of professions, particularly between ergonomists and designers. The paper provides a brief survey of existing bridging tools which facilitate the expression of design issues, and people's rational and emotional responses to design.
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Strekalova, N. B., e O. I. Podulybina. "Digitalization of the economy as a pedagogical problem". Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology 27, n. 4 (30 dicembre 2021): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2542-0445-2021-27-4-99-106.
Abstract (sommario):
The article provides an overview of trends in the digital economy that affect the professional training of a modern specialist. The essence of the concept of digitalization and its main components are determined, the author's interpretation of this concept is given. Particular attention is paid to the signs of a digital economy: the presence of a high-tech IT infrastructure, processing of big data based on modern digital technologies, the creation of digital solutions (products, platforms), the design of new business models. A theoretical analysis of scientific literature was carried out and a list of competencies that a specialist in the digital economy should possess was identified. To confirm the results obtained, an analysis of the opinions of employers was carried out, on the basis of which the most significant competencies and professional qualities of a specialist in the digital economy were identified. Based on the results of the analysis of employers' requirements for modern specialists, the tasks of vocational education for the training of a specialist in the digital economy were identified.
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Hayashi, Victor, Mateus Carvalho, João Carlos Néto, Felipe Pinna, Rosangela Marquesone, Wilson Ruggiero e Maisa Duarte. "Information Retrieval Based on Brazilian Portuguese Texts". Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics 20, n. 1 (gennaio 2022): 249–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54808/jsci.20.01.249.
Abstract (sommario):
Knowledge-based intelligent systems might be used in the banking sector to automate customer service. One of the ways to represent knowledge that is both understandable by humans and readable by machines is by using ontologies. Whenever a customer queries its bank regarding specific products or services, the existing knowledge modeled in an ontology might be used by a customer service chatbot to answer it in an automated way. The existing manual information retrieval process from banking specialists is laborious and time-consuming. Specialists use natural language, visual representations, and common sense, often overlooking details. It is a great challenge to make a specialist's knowledge explicit, formal, precise, and completely scalable, which is the format required by a customer service chatbot. We propose a semi-automatic approach to retrieving banking information in Brazilian Portuguese texts with minimal specialist support. By combining Natural Language Processing techniques (e.g., syntactic analysis to obtain the logical meaning of sentences based on rules and its structure) and an ontology constructor library, it was possible to build a tool that receives texts from the banking domain and constructs an ontology that knowledge-based intelligent systems can use. Specialist support is only needed in intermediate refinement steps, thus optimizing the banking specialist's time. The use cases for investments, opening a banking account, and the comparison of the proposed approach show how we reduced manual labor in the information retrieval process by a factor of 40%. Our approach can identify more information in each sentence compared to a similar method found in the literature. The resulting ontologies can be used in a chatbot that automates customer support for a large Brazilian bank.
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Alekseev, Alexander, e Valeriya Gladkih. "SOFTWARE FOR PRICE FORMATION AND ESTIMATE RATING IN CONSTRUCTION". Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Management, computer science and informatics 2021, n. 1 (25 gennaio 2021): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2072-9502-2021-1-49-60.
Abstract (sommario):
The article gives a review of modern pricing and cost estimating processes in construction and considers the existing software products aimed at automating the processes. According to the results of comparative analysis, none of the software products reviewed support the function of editing the prices currently in use. Editing may be rendered possible if a detailed list of construction operations is available. The list may be adjusted on the fly as cutting-edge building technologies are employed and at the same time taking into account operation scenarios in space-limited environment. The importance of updating the existing products or creating a new information management system is emphasized as highly applicable. Functional models of business processes for the head of the business operations office, a specialist of the business operations office and a specialist in cost estimates have been presented in BPMN 2.0 notation. The presented model of pricing and cost estimates is found far from the ideal perspective. The formulas corrected for calculating the estimated cost of construction are given. After a multiuser information management system is developed, it will enable companies adopt the suggested model of pricing and cost estimates. This solution is realistic as the information management system involves segregating the process of corporate pricing carried out by cost estimate specialists and the process of price quoting carried out by specialists from the business operations office. The authors believe that price quoting will thus be done based on corporate prices and with a user-friendly interface.
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Ilbery, Brian, e Damian Maye. "Alternative (Shorter) Food Supply Chains and Specialist Livestock Products in the Scottish–English Borders". Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 37, n. 5 (maggio 2005): 823–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a3717.
Abstract (sommario):
In this paper findings are presented from survey work conducted with producers of specialist livestock products in the Scottish–English borders. Using supply-chain diagrams, the paper highlights how specialist livestock businesses operate individual or customised supply chains. The heterogeneity of surveyed producer initiatives throws into question both the simple conceptual distinction drawn between the labels ‘conventional’ and ‘alternative’ and also what is meant by a ‘short’ food supply chain. The starting point of the specialist food chain is clearly not the point of production but rather a series of upstream supply links—as is found in conventional food chains. Likewise, ‘alternative’ producers are regularly obliged, or choose, to ‘dip in and out’ of different conventional nodes downstream of the business, such as abattoirs, processors, and wholesalers. In practice, delimitations between ‘alternative’ and ‘conventional’ food supply chains are often blurred and are better characterised as ‘hybrid spaces’.
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Lin, Michael Y., Tiffany Wiksten, Alexander Tomich, Mary K. Hayden e John Segreti. "974. Impact of Mandatory Infectious Disease (ID) Specialist Approval on Hospital-Onset Clostridium difficile (HO-CDI) Testing and Infection Rates: Results of a Pilot Study". Open Forum Infectious Diseases 5, suppl_1 (novembre 2018): S38—S39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofy209.090.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Background The 2017 IDSA C. difficile guidelines recommend the use of nucleic acid amplification testing alone for detection of HO-CDI if appropriate stool specimens are collected (e.g., patients not receiving laxatives and ≥3 unformed stools in 24 hours). The potential role of ID specialists in enforcing appropriate C. difficile testing is unclear. Methods At a single academic hospital, we performed a pilot study of an ID specialist-led approval process for C. difficile testing. During the baseline period (January 2016 and November 2017), HO-CDI testing appropriateness was enforced using a computerized decision support tool that discouraged inappropriate testing based on detected laxative use and stool frequency criteria; however, clinicians frequently ignored the computer alerts. During the intervention period (December 2017 and March 2018), all HO-CDI testing on hospital day 4 or later triggered a computer alert requesting mandatory testing approval by an ID specialist. Approvals were provided via telephone consultation 7 days a week between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. (in both periods, CDI testing was not performed overnight). We analyzed differences HO-CDI testing and infection rates (defined by CDC’s LabID event) per 10,000 patient days using Poisson models. We also analyzed the number of approval pager calls, rates of C. difficile testing approval, and time burden. Results Two infectious diseases specialists (M.Y.L.; J.S.) primarily answered C. difficile pager approval requests; the remainder of approvals were provided by ID specialists already consulted on the patients. During the intervention period, ordering providers made 159 calls to the approval pager; 119 (75%) received approval. HO-CDI testing and infection rates declined between the baseline and intervention periods (figure). There was a mean of 1.3 pager approval requests per day (range, 0–4) with an average of 3 minutes of time spent per request. Conclusion An ID specialist-led C. difficile testing approval process was feasible and associated with a significant decrease in HO-CDI testing and infection rates, due to enforcement of appropriate testing. ID specialists can provide a key role in enforcing appropriate C. difficile testing, but more experience is needed with respect to sustainability. Disclosures M. Y. Lin, Stryker (Sage Products): Research support in the form of contributed product, Research support. OpGen, Inc: Research support in the form of contributed products, Research support. CareFusion Foundation (now BD): Grant Investigator, Research grant.
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Fisinin, V. I., T. T. Papazyan e P. F. Surai. "Producing specialist poultry products to meet human nutrition requirements: Selenium enriched eggs". World's Poultry Science Journal 64, n. 1 (1 marzo 2008): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043933907001742.
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Perrin, Angie, Maddie White e Jennie Burch. "Convexity in stoma care: developing a new ASCN UK guideline on the appropriate use of convex products". British Journal of Nursing 30, n. 16 (9 settembre 2021): S12—S20. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2021.30.16.s12.
Abstract (sommario):
One of the biggest challenges for specialist stoma care nurses (SCNs) caring for anyone living with a stoma is that of being confronted with a problematic stoma. This can be described as an ostomy that continues to cause leakage issues for the patient which, if persistent can quickly impact negatively on their quality of life. A convex stoma appliance, also termed convexity, is a possible solution to a problematic stoma. However, the use of a convex appliance should be considered only after a thorough assessment has been undertaken by a specialist SCN. Professionally, stoma care nursing has advanced greatly in recent years and there has been a realisation that there is a need for clinical guidelines to direct practice and offer a process for the novice SCN to follow. This realisation has been the catalyst behind the development of the new guideline for the assessment and use of convexity by the Association of Stoma Care Nurses UK, which was published this year ( https://ascnuk.com/ ). This article explores the concept of convexity and how the guideline can assist the practice of specialist SCNs, as well as that of ward and community-based nurses who wish to gain more information on using convexity within the specialist sphere of stoma care.
Tesi sul tema "Specialist products":
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Kemarly-Hopkins, Julie Ann. "Differential Effects of Glucosinolate Profiles and Hydrolysis Products in Arabidopsis thaliana on Generalist and Specialist Insect Herbivores". Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1351451697.
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Magri, Fátima Maria Motter. "Determinação estrutural e simulação de espectros de RMN13C de sesquiterpenos lactonizados utilizando métodos computacionais". Universidade de São Paulo, 1999. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46135/tde-04082009-114225/.
Abstract (sommario):
O presente trabalho mostra a utilização de métodos computacionais e os resultados obtidos na determinação estrutural de produtos naturais, neste caso sesquiterpenos lactonizados. Nosso grupo de pesquisa tem desenvolvido nos últimos anos o projeto denominado SISTEMAT para a determinação estrutural de produtos naturais. Este sistema é composto de programas utilizados para a construção de bancos de dados capazes de armazenar qualquer tipo de informação referente a substâncias orgânicas, e programas que permitem a recuperação e análise das informações contidas nos bancos de dados (programas aplicativos). Foi também construído um programa para a previsão de espectros de RMN 13C utilizando modelos tridimensionais para a representação das moléculas. O programa considera cada carbono e sua vizinhança química em três dimensões como uma subestrutura. Para encontrar o deslocamento químico equivalente a uma nova subestrutura, ele procura no banco de dados um carbono com uma vizinhança equivalente. O banco de dados criado para o SISTEMAT contém 1300 espectros de RMN 13C de sesquiterpenos lactonizados, enquanto que o utilizado para o programa simulador de espectros de RMN 13C possui 1600 substâncias codificadas.This work shows the use of computational methods and the results obtained in the structure determination of sesquiterpene lactones. Our research group have developed in the last years the expert system named SISTEMAT, to structure determination of natural products. This system have programs used to construct a database able to store any kind of information about the compounds and programs used to retrieve and analyse informations obtained in the database. It was also planned a program to make predictions of 13C NMR spectra of sesquiterpene lactones. It uses a codification working with tridimensional substructures. The program treats each carbon atom and its neighbouring as a substructure. It can scan all the database for other equal or similar chemical shift values that can be used to predict the 13C NMR spectrum for a new compound. The current database contains about 1300 13C NMR spectra of sesquiterpene lactones. The other database used in the program for 13C NMR prediction has 1600 compounds.
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Genc, Ebru. "SUSTAINABLE NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT: THE ROLE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIALIST AND ENVIRONMENTAL MARKETING STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/222864.
Abstract (sommario):
Business Administration/MarketingPh.D.
Companies in the twenty first century are exposed to a variety of pressures to respond to environmental issues and responding to these pressures affects several aspects of business such as purchasing, marketing and logistics. Conventional wisdom regarding the incorporation of sustainability posits sustainability as a tradeoff with other corporate goals; however, during the last decade, this paradigm has been challenged by a view that proposes this incorporation as a complementary strategy, or even as an opportunity. Understanding how firms integrate environmental issues into their corporate agendas and how these integration strategies affect performance has become very important. The process of sustainable new product development (SNPD) is one of the core areas that these strategies focus on in order to achieve economic and environmental sustainability. This thesis investigates the integration of environmental specialists into SNPD teams and the relative influence of motivational factors of environmental strategy development and the structural relationship of how they affect the performance of SNPD. It relies on two main research streams: work on sustainable management and conventional new product development. The first essay examines the integration of environmental specialists into new product development teams that are composed of several other functional specialists such as marketing, manufacturing, and R&D personnel, and its impact on SNPD performance across three stages: (1) concept development (CD) (e.g., the generation and refinement of new product ideas, market analysis, preparation of product concepts), (2) product development (PD) (e.g., actual technical product development, execution of prototype tests, test marketing), and (3) product commercialization (PC) (e.g., market launches, training, after-sales support). In this paper, we draw upon resource dependency theory as our theoretical background. We present evidence that, integrating an environmental specialist into a new product team has a positive influence on SNPD project performance beyond what the traditional members of such a team would accomplish. Through analyzing this relationship across the stages of SNPD, we gained a clearer picture of the effectiveness of this integration. In particular, the integration of the environmental specialist was more effective on SNPD project performance in the final stage of the SNPD process when the product was being launched. This effect is even greater for high-innovative projects. The second essay investigates the different motivations that drive firms to adopt environmental marketing strategies and their relative impact on new product advantage and SNPD performance. Theoretically grounded in Stakeholder Theory and the Resource - Based View of the Firm Theory, a conceptual framework was developed that portrays the antecedents and consequences of environmental marketing strategy. In regard to the antecedents of environmental marketing strategy, we examined the drivers of environmental marketing strategy development: public concern, regulatory pressures and market opportunity. The results showed that developing environmental strategies that exceed regulations (proactive strategies) leads to better new product performance than only adhering to regulations (reactive strategies). In addition, the results showed that commitment from top management becomes critical only for proactive strategies, not for reactive strategies. Finally, in regard to the consequences, we found that environmental marketing strategies lead to new product advantage and in turn, better sustainable new product performance. This thesis fills a gap in the literature with respect to the lack of conceptual and empirical contributions on the integration of sustainability issues into the new product development process, by aiming to provide new insights into how firms are integrating environmental specialists into their new product development teams and by extending our knowledge of how firms develop environmental marketing strategies and how these strategies affect new product performance.
Temple University--Theses
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Dlouhý, Radim. "Analýza a optimalizace procesu tvorby manažerského reportu v bankovní instituci". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-203908.
Abstract (sommario):
This masters thesis tackles the issue of process management in a financial institution, spe-cifically the analysis and optimization of the creation of a certain management report. The first part of this masters thesis is dedicated towards explaining basic theoretical concepts, which will help the reader correctly understand the rest of the paper. There you can find explained the principles of reporting and process management, which will introduce the reader to the issues of processes, their analysis and subsequent optimization. The practical portion first introduces the reader to the particular financial institution, then it describes the organization structure and the activities of data governance, thorough analysis of the particular process, the identification of and a suggestion of optimization which should lead to a more effectively working employees as well as the elimination of narrow places of the process. The conclusion of the masters thesis introduces steps of real implementation of the suggested solutions.
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THILY, HERVE. "L'apport des nouvelles technologies d'information et de communication dans la didactique de l'anglais de specialite (sections de techniciens superieurs - conception de produits industriels)". Chambéry, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CHAML001.
Abstract (sommario):
La didactisation de videogrammes en provenance des televisions satellitales avait fourni, des 1987, les premieres bases des experimentations dans les classes d'asp des sections de techniciens superieurs (conception de produits industriels). Le programme olympus, initie par l'ase en 1989, a permis les liaisons en vti, puis le recours a un pluri-media de communication, faisant une large part a la telematique. En etroite collaboration avec nos collegues d'outre-manche, diverses fad ont ete suivies et analysees en grandeur reelle. L'apparition de materiels multimedia particulierement souples et puissants a conduit a la realisation d'un espace de teletravail, specialement adapte a des pratiques interactives, mises au point avec les antennes montantes britanniques. La specificite des besoins exprimes par les apprenants de ces sections a egalement entraine l'exploration de ressources documentaires offertes par les cd-rom ainsi que la recherche d'assistance (bdd en ligne et messagerie) disponible sur les reseaux telematiques, en particulier internet. L'emergence de nouvelles technologies de communication (visiophonie, partage d'ecrans et de fichiers) sur le rnis rend tout a la fois plus accessibles et plus efficaces de nouvelles strategies didactiques permettant un apprentissage de l'asp authentique, en prise directe au niveau mondial avec les entreprises et la rechercheThe tailoring of off-the-shelf satellite tv recordings had supplied, as early as 1987, the first material for classroom applications in esp classes (french would-be skilled technicians in cadraught design). The esa-sponsored olympus programme provided the first dbs link-ups, soon followed by the extensive use of mixed media communication packages, through computer networking. In cooperation with british colleagues, various distance education programmes have been devised, received and assessed to optimise their impact on students. The introduction of multimedia it equipment, adaptable and efficient, had led to the design and installation of a "virtual classroom", suited for the interactive feedback with british uplinks and on-site tutoring. The specific needs of esp students have also featured the tapping of hyper- and multimedia resources, such as cd-roms, a home-made computerised database, and the assistance and information available on the www. It and international teamwork (through videoconferencing, whiteboard or file sharing and transfer via isdn) make challenging teaching strategies altogether appealing and easy to implement, thus genuinely setting esp learners and trainees on-line with the leading edge
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Martial, Emmanuelle. "L'évolution des systèmes techniques à la fin du Néolithique et au début de l'age du Bronze : une approche techno-culturelle de l'industrie lithique dans le nord de la France". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA01H056.
Abstract (sommario):
Ce mémoire de thèse propose une synthèse sur la place et l’évolution des industries lithiques du nord de la France, entre le IIIe millénaire et la première moitié du IIe millénaire avant notre ère. Il s’appuie sur les recherches menées depuis vingt-cinq années dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais et la Somme et repose sur une trentaine de séries rassemblant plus de 70000 objets en matériaux siliceux issus de sites attribués au Deûle-Escaut, au Campaniforme et à l’Âge du Bronze ancien. Au-delà de la caractérisation techno-fonctionnelle des industries lithiques, ce travail aborde la place et le rôle – utilitaire et symbolique – de ce sous-système technique et son évolution, dans un contexte marqué par le développement de la métallurgie. Les tendances évolutives sont définies à partir des composantes propres à chaque série lithique et de l’analyse des traits communs et des caractères discriminants. La lecture dynamique des modalités d’acquisition, de fabrication et de consommation des outillages est rendue possible en abordant les processus opératoires (techniques et fonctionnels) d’un point de vue global et en variant les échelles. Un changement de statut de l’industrie lithique marque le passage vers une nouvelle tradition dès le début de l’Âge du Bronze. Cette démarche de technologie culturelle vise, au-delà de l’objet étudié, à révéler la société qui l’a produit en tentant d’établir des relations entre les phénomènes techniques et les phénomènes socio-culturels. Les conditions de changement, de continuité et de rupture sont interrogées ; des hypothèses et des interprétations sont proposées en cherchant des éclairages au-delà des limites propres à la documentation matérielleThis thesis dissertation provides a summary of the place and evolution of lithic industries in northern France, between the 3rd millennium and the first half of the 2nd millennium BC. This work is based on research carried out for twenty-five years in the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Somme and is based on some thirty series bringing together more than 70,000 objects in siliceous materials from sites attributed to the Deûle-Escaut, the Bell Beaker and the Early Bronze Age. Beyond the techno-functional characterization of the stone industries from the Late Neolithic and the beginning of the Bronze Age, this work addresses the place and the role - utilitarian as well as symbolic - occupied by this technical subsystem and its evolution, in a context marked by the development of metallurgy. Evolutionary trends are defined from the components specific to each lithic series and from the analysis of common features and discriminating traits. The dynamic reading of the methods of acquisition, manufacture and consumption of stone tools is made possible by approaching the operating processes (technical and functional) from a global point of view and by varying the scales. A change in the status of the lithic industry marks the transition to a new tradition from the onset of the Bronze Age. This cultural technology approach aims, beyond the study of the object per se, to reveal the society that produced it by attempting to establish relationships between technical phenomena and socio-cultural phenomena. The conditions for change, continuity and rupture are questioned; hypotheses and interpretations are proposed by seeking insights beyond the limits specific to material documentation
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Chang, Shu-Min, e 張菽珉. "A Study of Satisfaction for Banking Specialist on Selling of Insurance Products". Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81041935570088608655.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士實踐大學
企業創新發展研究所
93
ABSTRACT The high service quality in finance is apparently consequent upon the strong competition in Bancassurance market day by day. Banker besides to provide suitable insurance products and perfect sales service, improving service quality is more important. Based on the principles of improving service quality , how to reinforce the quality of manpower are the most important targets for finance service industry. Job satisfaction was viewed as alert indicator, so as to find the defects of the policy and inappropriately distributed the work. This article is about the research of effects of work stress, sales determinant of insurances products, character of insurances products, effectiveness of employee training program on job satisfactions. Secondly research of effects of effectiveness of employee training program on the self-degree of professionalism of insurances products and degree of professionalism of insurances products. In order to understand the difference between banking specialist and life insurance underwriters , this research tested the effectiveness of employee training program and degree of professionalism of insurances products of life insurance underwriters. By way of comparing the results, and we will see which is better. This research takes the 38 members of life insurance brokers and agencies as the subjects of the study to discuss, and adopts the method of investigation through questionnaires 950 questionnaires were sent and 277 effective ones were returned. SPSS version 10.0 (Statistical software) were utilized to conduct Descriptive statistical analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis and t-test, for testing the hypotheses of this research. It follows from statistical analysis that the study has shown the importance of features. Work stress, performance pay, character of insurances products, effectiveness of employee training program affects job satisfaction, work stress is negative to job satisfaction, performance pay, character of insurances products, effectiveness of employee training program are positive to job satisfaction. Though company policy derives partial support from statistical analysis, and it is negative to job satisfaction. In addition, Higher effects of effectiveness of employee training program results in higher self-degree of professionalism of insurances products and degree of professionalism of insurances products. In correlation analysis, company policy, performance pay and effectiveness of employee training program has remarkable correlativity with work stress. In t-test analysis, banking specialist and life insurance underwriters have remarkable differences in effectiveness of employee training program and degree of professionalism of insurances products, life insurance underwriters better than banking specialist. According to the results of research, banker enable to promote job performance and competition by offering suitable training program for their staff, increasing job satisfaction of employee. I hope the conclusions and suggestions coming out from the research can apply to the banker to make human resource plan.
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CHANG, WEI-LING, e 張瑋玲. "The Behavior Research of Influence of Investor’s Financial Products’ Purchasing-with Personal Wealth of Individual Case Bank Manage the Specialist for example". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66h386.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士銘傳大學
企業管理學系碩士在職專班
104
After the financial tsunamis, many banks have started to change their passive style of clients’ management into an active one. With diversified markets and currencies, the concept has been moved toward the assistance of the allocation of clients’ assets. Clients walk into banks not only for withdrawing and depositing but also for organizing their own financial planning. A comprehensive financial planning should therefore be tailored according to the investor’s personal requirements. Among clients’ financial appeals, education funds for next generation, program for retired lives, and building up more wealth are the mostly mentioned. To the banks, the purpose of a wealth management is to achieve fair performance and risk control while selling various financial products. Improper financial products being sold to clients, unnecessary disputes, and unnecessary risks taken by clients should all be avoided. After so many economic crises, investors are now more careful with investments and seek to further realize different financial products. To satisfy clients’ need and avoid losing clients, this essay analyses data of clients’ purchases of funds, insurances, and colonial bonds respectively referring to clients’ investment attributes, bearable risks, degrees of wealth, education levels, ages, genders, and marital statuses. The factors influencing investors’ investment behaviors are expected to be revealed. The result shows that products of funds have significance on clients aged 41-60, clients with aggressive/steady risk attributes while no significance on factors; products of insurances have significance on clients with aggressive / steady risk attributes while no significance on others; products of colonial bonds have significance on clients aged 41-60 and clients with aggressive risk attribute while no significance on others.
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Tang, Ching-Fang, e 湯清芳. "On the Banking Specialist’s Selling of Life Insurance Products". Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64260179202344304286.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
風險管理與保險所
92
Along with the establishment of the financial holding companies and the banks’ pursuit to “raise the proportion of the procedure fee income in total revenue”, the VIPs’ banking center has been the sales focus of banking & insurance. It has been a trend that the banking specialist sells insurance. For understanding the current general marketing situation of the banking specialist in selling life insurance products, this research has the bank’s banking specialist as the research subject. The research theme is to discuss the relationship of adaptive selling, selling attitude and sales orientation while the banking specialist sells the life insurance product and to examine the correspondence of the demographic variable, job effort level and sales orientation. This research has used the questionnaire survey to get primary data, and then applied the statistic package software, SAS (Statistical Analysis System), to do data analysis. The information analysis methods used are reliability, descriptive statistics, cross-table, and one-way ANOVA analysis. Results of this research include the followings: Adaptive selling, selling attitude and sales orientation of the banking specialist are significantly linked. Job effort level significantly corresponds to sales orientation. The seniority since being a banking specialist is relevant to sales orientation, but education degree, age and gender do not.
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Van, Belkum Mareli. "Male consumers’ evaluation of apparel assortments in South African speciality stores". Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/57330.
Abstract (sommario):
Consumer behaviour and spending habits have changed drastically post-recession. This has affected how retailers conduct their business, driving retailers’ focus towards providing customers with the value they require. One way in which retailers can offer such value is through the implementation of advanced product assortment. Product assortments influence consumers’ purchasing decisions and their preferences for particular retailers, thereby making it an important factor in retailers’ strategy to maintain their success. Retailers’ product assortments which focus on male apparel consumers, such as speciality stores, are of particular importance as men represent a lucrative segment of the apparel industry. Speciality stores specialise in specific merchandise such as menswear and develop their apparel assortment to concentrate on certain customers such as male consumers. Although men are becoming more prevalent in retail venues and have taken responsibility for their own apparel shopping, research regarding male apparel consumers and their purchasing behaviour, particularly within the context of South Africa, is scarce. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the product attributes used by male consumers when evaluating apparel product assortment of South African speciality stores.
The evaluation stage of the decision making process formed the basis of this study. Therefore, it was decided that the consumer decision making framework would be best suited as the theoretical framework. Namely, the consumer behaviour model of Hawkins and Mothersbaugh (2013) was used to guide the study. During the evaluation stage of the consumer decision making process, male consumers will use product attributes they consider important when evaluating the product assortment of speciality stores. Product attributes include intrinsic and extrinsic product attributes and male apparel consumers will employ the use of compensatory decision rules, allowing them to make trade-offs among these attributes.
The study employed an exploratory survey research design which was quantitative in nature. Non-probability sampling methods were used to collect the necessary data for the study. This included convenience and snowball sampling. Respondents completed a structured questionnaire which was developed according to the constructs implemented in the study and administered in a paper based and online electronic form. The sample included 204 male consumers, located in the greater Tshwane area, Gauteng. The majority of the sample were between the ages of 20-29, representing a relatively young sample. Conjoint analysis and exploratory factor analysis was applied to gain insight regarding the product attributes South African male apparel consumers apply when evaluating speciality stores’ product assortment. The conjoint analysis technique allows consumers to make trade-offs among attributes as they compare one attribute to another while evaluating assortments, thereby providing an indication of their actual preference structure. Cluster analysis was also performed on the conjoint data to provide additional information regarding male consumers’ preferences when evaluating speciality stores’ product assortment. By combining conjoint analysis with cluster analyses, the findings provided valuable information regarding the segmentation and socio-economic factors that may affect consumers’ preferences.
The results of the study indicated that South African male consumers employed both intrinsic and extrinsic product attributes when evaluating speciality stores’ product assortment. During the conjoint analysis, brand (extrinsic attribute) was the most important attribute among male consumers when making trade-offs between intrinsic and extrinsic product attributes. Male consumers’ preference for brand is an indication of brand consciousness. Style (intrinsic attribute) was the second most preferred attribute, followed by store image (extrinsic attribute). The exploratory factor analysis rendered three factors, labelled “Prestige sensitivity”, “Added value” and “Importance of fit”. These factors were a further indication of the evaluative criteria male consumers consider important when evaluating and selecting speciality stores’ product assortment. The results from the cluster analysis identified a four cluster solution, namely: style guys, cluster origin guys, brand loyalist and colour guys. This demonstrates that different consumer groups have distinct preferences when evaluating speciality stores’ product assortment. The study adds value and insight to current literature regarding male consumer behaviour and their preferences for certain intrinsic and extrinsic product attributes when evaluating speciality stores’ product assortment. This research can be beneficial to manufacturers, retailers and marketers who seek to enhance their merchandise mix by offering customised product assortments, improve advertising campaigns and ensure well trained sales staff.Dissertation (MConsumer Science)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Consumer Science
MConsumer Science
Unrestricted
Libri sul tema "Specialist products":
1
Delano, Frank. The omnipowerful brand: America's #1 brand specialist shares his secrets for catapulting your brand to marketing stardom. New York: AMACOM, 1999.
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Obst, S. Speciality agricultural products and foodstuffs. Brussels: European Commission, Directorate-General for Information, Communication, Culture and Audiovisual, 1996.
3
Tyulin, Andrey, e Aleksandr Chursin. Management of competitiveness of products. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1081761.
Abstract (sommario):
The textbook contains the basics of the theory and practice of management by competitiveness of products in the current market conditions. It describes new approaches to management of competitiveness of production taking into account features of knowledge-based industries — the main driving forces of the Russian economy. Considers the practical issues of managing competitiveness in order to enhance the competitiveness of the organization in terms of digitalization of the economy.
Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation.
For students of educational institutions of higher education studying in areas of training 38.04.02 "Management" (master level) and 38.04.01 "Economy" (master level), as well as graduate students and University professors engaged in training in these areas. Can be recommended to managers and specialists of companies, involved in the process of management competitiveness of the organization products.
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Symposium on Lubricants Additives Waxes & Petroleum Speciality Products (7th 1991 Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay). 7th Symposium on Lubricants Additives Waxes & Petroleum Speciality Products: January 19-21, 1991. Bombay: Indian Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 1991.
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Cowan, Cathal. Food market studies in meat packaging, nutritional meat products, speciality cheeses, extruded meats. Dublin: National Food Centre, 2001.
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S, Whaley James, National Association of State Units on Aging e United States. Administration on Aging, a cura di. Dissemination and promotion of aging information and referral products to military information and referral specialists. Washington, DC (1225 I St., NW, Suite 725, Washington 20005): National Association of State Units on Aging, 1995.
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Symposium, on Lubricants Additives Waxes &. Petroleum Specialiy Products (6th 1989 Indian Institute of Technology Bombay). 6th LAWPSP symposium: Lubricants additives waxes & petroleum speciality products, Jan. 19, 20 & 21, 1989. Bombay, India: Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, 1989.
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Symposium on Lubricants Additives Waxes & Petroleum Speciality Products (8th 1993 Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay). 8th Symposium on Lubricants Additives Waxes & Petroleum Speciality Products: February 19, 20 and 21, 1993. [Bombay, India]: Indian Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 1993.
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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Underground Storage Tanks., American Petroleum Institute e Air & Waste Management Association., a cura di. Accelerating underground storage tank corrective action, II: Proceedings of the international speciality conference. Pittsburgh, Pa. (P.O. Box 2861, Pittsburgh 15230): A&WMA, 1994.
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Symposium on Lubricants Additives Waxes & Petroleum Speciality Products (5th 1987 Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay). Lubricants, additives, waxes & petroleum speciality products: Papers presented at the 5th LAWPSP symposium held on Jan. 29, 30, 31, 1987. Bombay: Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, 1987.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Specialist products":
1
Seric, Neven, e Mate Perisic. "Branding Strategy for Specialist Tourism Products". In Cruise Tourism and Society, 39–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32992-0_4.
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Hall, Stephen J. "Specialist flat steel products for cold-forming". In ICE Pocket Guide to Steels in the Built Environment, 107–24. London: ICE Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/icepgsbe.65741.107.
3
Clutton, D. W. "Speciality products". In Fermented Beverage Production, 301–24. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5214-4_12.
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Kelly, Allan. "Specialist Help". In The Art of Agile Product Ownership, 85–89. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-5168-3_12.
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Enes, Kristina. "Web Service for Point Cloud Supported Robot Programming Using Machine Learning". In Annals of Scientific Society for Assembly, Handling and Industrial Robotics 2021, 253–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74032-0_21.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractIn industrial automation, the use of robots is already standard. But there is still a lot of room for further automation. One such place where improvements can be made is in the adjustment of a production system to new and unknown products. Currently, this task includes the reprogramming of the robot and a readjustment of the image processing algorithms if sensors are involved. This takes time, effort, and a specialist, something especially small and middle-sized companies shy away from. We propose to represent a physical production line with a digital twin, using the simulated production system to generate labeled data to be used for training in a deep learning component. An artificial neural network will be trained to both recognize and localize the observed products. This allows the production line to handle both known and unknown products more flexible. The deep learning component itself is located in a cloud and can be accessed through a web service, allowing any member of the staff to initiate the training, regardless of their programming skills. In summary, our approach addresses not only further automation in manufacturing but also the use of synthesized data for deep learning.
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Dunnill, Sarah, Ivan Brugnetti, Marco Colla, Anna Valente, Harry Bikas e Nikolaos Papakostas. "Flexible Automated Island for (Dis) Assembly of a Variety of Silicon Solar Cell Geometries for Specialist Solar Products". In Advances in Neural Networks, 465–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33747-0_46.
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Holm, R. "Chapter 2. Parenteral Products". In Specialised Pharmaceutical Formulation, 45–74. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781839165603-00045.
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Clutton, David W. "Liqueurs & Speciality Products". In Fermented Beverage Production, 309–34. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0187-9_14.
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Higson, Adrian P., e Alison Hamer. "Speciality Non-food Crops". In Plant-derived Natural Products, 569–83. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85498-4_25.
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Havea, P., A. J. Baldwin e A. J. Carr. "Specialised and Novel Powders". In Dairy Powders and Concentrated Products, 268–93. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444322729.ch8.
Atti di convegni sul tema "Specialist products":
1
Holanda, Maria Eduarda M. de, Bernardo Romão, Raquel Braz Assunção Botelho, Renata Puppin Zandonadi e Vinícius R. P. Borges. "Food Data Analysis using Multidimensional Visualizations based on Point Placement". In Anais Estendidos da Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sibgrapi.est.2022.23273.
Abstract (sommario):
Food data comprise records regarding nutrients, ingredients, amounts of different vitamins and minerals that can be found in foods. The wide variety of food products that can be stored in large datasets makes the traditional analysis tasks unfeasible and time-consuming when conducted manually by the dietitians and related professionals. This paper describes a method for visualizing food data using point placement strategies to support specialists in tasks related to determining similar food products that can be replaced in specific diets. The proposed method generates a structured representation for food data to be used as input to some state-of-the-art and recent visualizations, such as PCA, t-SNE, UMAP and TriMap. Experiments were conducted to assess the quality of visualizations and the results reported that the nonlinear visualizations presented satisfactory discriminability regarding some food categories and better preservation of the data patterns. A case study based on a visual exploration process was also conducted and demonstrates the specialist successfully finding substitute food products for planning a vegan diet plan.
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Nikiforova, Natalia. "Making The New Soviet Man: Avant-Garde Children’s Products Creative Learning Tools". In 18th PCSF 2018 - Professional Сulture of the Specialist of the Future. Cognitive-Crcs, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2018.12.02.82.
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Pescatore, Claudio, Allan Duncan, Ernst Warnecke e Stan Gordelier. "Status and Challenges in D&D of Nuclear Facilities in NEA Countries: Activities of the NEA Working Party on Decommissioning and Dismantling". In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4960.
Abstract (sommario):
OECD Member countries will be faced increasingly with the task of decommissioning and dismantling nuclear facilities with a view to final release of sites. The OECD/NEA Working Party on Management of Materials from Decommissioning and Dismantling (WPDD) is tasked with keeping under review policy, strategy, and the regulatory aspects of decommissioning and dismantling of obsolete nuclear installations up to and including the ultimate release of sites. Reflections and products directed both to specialists, to opinion formers and to the interested public are being generated and released in hard copy or web-based. The activities of the WPDD are reviewed in this paper. Emphasis is placed on the main points of a recent publication that provides, in non-specialist terminology, a concise overview of the status of D&D of nuclear facilities in NEA Member countries.
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Magata˜o, L., L. V. R. Arruda e F. Neves. "Optimizing a Pipeline Operation by Constraint Logic Programming (CLP) and Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP)". In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0292.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper addresses the problem of developing an optimization structure to aid the operational decision-making in a real-world pipeline scenario. The pipeline connects an inland refinery to a harbor, conveying different types of products (gasoline, diesel, kerosene, alcohol, liquefied petroleum gas, jet fuel, etc). The scheduling of activities has to be specified in advance by a specialist, who must provide low cost operational procedures. The specialist has to take into account issues concerning product availability, tankage constraints, pumping sequencing, flow rate determination, and a series of operational requirements. Thus, the decision-making process is hard and error-prone due to the diversity of aspects to be considered. Nevertheless, the developed optimization structure can aid the specialist in solving the pipeline scheduling task with improved efficiency. Such optimization structure has its core in a novel mathematical approach, which uses Constraint Logic Programming (CLP) and Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) technologies in an integrated CLP-MILP model. In particular, the integration of CLP and MILP technologies has been recognized as an emerging discipline for achieving the best that CLP and MILP can contribute to solve scheduling problems [1]. The scheme used for integrating CLP and MILP is double modeling [1], and the combined CLP-MILP model is implemented and solved by using a commercial tool [2]. Illustrative instances demonstrate that the optimization structure is able to define new operational points to the pipeline system, providing significant cost saving.
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Meier, Walter, Mary J. Brodzik e Siri Jodha Singh Khalsa. "Intercalibration of near-real-time snow and sea ice products from passive microwave Data". In 2010 11th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/microrad.2010.5559581.
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Karszenbaum, H., F. M. Grings, F. Carballo, M. Salvia, R. Rahmoune e M. Piscitelli. "Monitoring soil moisture in the Pampas plains of Argentina using spaceborne radiometers and SAR: Evaluation of products". In 2012 12th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/microrad.2012.6185234.
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Shah, Jami J., Susan D. Urban, Siva P. Raghupathy e Mary T. Rogers. "Synergetic Design Systems". In ASME 1992 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cie1992-0035.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The paper describes an experiment in creating a design environment comprising of a number of specialist design systems that co-operatively solve design problems, from conceptual layout to detailing The systems targeted were in-house programs, as well as, commercial products. The objective of the experiment was to demonstrate a synergetic design environment by providing an integrated approach to design data. In the first phase of the project, the systems were arranged sequentially, with unidierctional flow of data using file transfers. The second phase of the project, currently underway, is based on an integrated view of product data using semantic data modeling concepts with an object-oriented database as a communication tool. The database approach provides a greater degree of integration giving designers a more global view of design data and thus facilitating iterative design.
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Bräuning, Manuela. "Flex-STEx - An Insight into the Development of a Flexible Smart Textiles Experience Kit for Teaching Engineering Students in an Innovative Way". In 20th AUTEX World Textile Conference - Unfolding the future. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-4gdbt1.
Abstract (sommario):
Successful professionals are expected to adapt to current requirements at all times and keep their knowledge up to date. The Smart Textiles field poses a particular challenge in this respect - in addition to their own specialist knowledge, the focus here is on interdisciplinarity and thinking outside the box. The focus will be on E-Textiles, the combination of electronic with textile products. For this purpose, a flexible Smart Textiles Experience kit called Flex‑STEx is developed using a design thinking approach and involving future users in the development process. This application-oriented construction kit is intended to help extend the limits of individual knowledge, stimulate creativity and provide the ability to initiate product development. A further added value for students will be a deeper understanding of innovation and interdisciplinary challenges. This paper gives an insight into the work in progress concerning the development of this novel kit.
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Major, Bob. "PET Cyclotron Design for Decommissioning and Waste Inventory Reduction". In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16098.
Abstract (sommario):
In this paper we will examine the decommissioning and radioactive waste implications of a hypothetical cyclotron facility. from conception through design into operation and finally decommissioning. Supported by the computer codes MCNPX, MCNP and FISPACT we illustrate the induced activity in the cyclotron pit walls. Using the computer codes it is possible to highlight the problems associated with neutron activation of the cyclotron pit walls and the need for specialist shielding materials, such as boronated polyethylene. Using MCNP it is possible to design a vault for cost effective decommissioning through the use of sacrificial layers. This code allows the likely degree of activation and penetration of activation products to be quantified and hence gives an idea of waste disposal costs. In summary, a dedicated PET facility will challenge most RPAs. A wide range of skills are needed which encompass practical operational procedures, through specialist shielding design using Monte Carlo codes to the ability to appear confident to Regulators who may be finding the experience the same steep learning curve.
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Fascetti, F., N. Pierdicca, R. Crapolicchio, L. Pulvirenti e J. Muoz-Sabater. "An assessment of SMOS version 6.20 products through Triple and Quadruple Collocation techniques considering ASCAT, ERA/Interim LAND, ISMNand SMAP soil moisture data". In 2016 14th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/microrad.2016.7530511.
Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Specialist products":
1
Baskett, Joel, Ashley Nelson, Kelsey Vincent, Daryl R. Strohbehn, Daniel D. Loy, Carl J. Bern e Thomas J. Brumm. Storage and Handling of High Moisture Co-Products from Ethanol Production in Beef Operations—Feed Specialist and Veterinarian Study. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, gennaio 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-545.
2
Opiyo, Newton. What are the effects of interventions to improve the use of systematic reviews in decision-making by health system managers, policy makers, or clinicians? SUPPORT, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/170112.
Abstract (sommario):
A number of interventions aiming to increase the use of systematic review evidence in decision making are currently in use. These include summaries of systematic reviews designed to improve the accessibility of the findings (“information products”) and changes to organisational structures, such as employing specialist groups to synthesise evidence in order to inform local decision making.
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DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY WASHINGTON DC. Product Assurance: Quality Assurance Specialist (Ammunition Surveillance). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzo 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada402447.
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Burns, Malcom, e Gavin Nixon. Literature review on analytical methods for the detection of precision bred products. Food Standards Agency, settembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ney927.
Abstract (sommario):
The Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act (England) aims to develop a science-based process for the regulation and authorisation of precision bred organisms (PBOs). PBOs are created by genetic technologies but exhibit changes which could have occurred through traditional processes. This current review, commissioned by the Food Standards Agency (FSA), aims to clarify existing terminologies, explore viable methods for the detection, identification, and quantification of products of precision breeding techniques, address and identify potential solutions to the analytical challenges presented, and provide recommendations for working towards an infrastructure to support detection of precision bred products in the future. The review includes a summary of the terminology in relation to analytical approaches for detection of precision bred products. A harmonised set of terminology contributes towards promoting further understanding of the common terms used in genome editing. A review of the current state of the art of potential methods for the detection, identification and quantification of precision bred products in the UK, has been provided. Parallels are drawn with the evolution of synergistic analytical approaches for the detection of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs), where molecular biology techniques are used to detect DNA sequence changes in an organism’s genome. The scope and limitations of targeted and untargeted methods are summarised. Current scientific opinion supports that modern molecular biology techniques (i.e., quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR), digital PCR (dPCR) and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)) have the technical capability to detect small alterations in an organism’s genome, given specific prerequisites of a priori information on the DNA sequence of interest and of the associated flanking regions. These techniques also provide the best infra-structure for developing potential approaches for detection of PBOs. Should sufficient information be known regarding a sequence alteration and confidence can be attributed to this being specific to a PBO line, then detection, identification and quantification can potentially be achieved. Genome editing and new mutagenesis techniques are umbrella terms, incorporating a plethora of approaches with diverse modes of action and resultant mutational changes. Generalisations regarding techniques and methods for detection for all PBO products are not appropriate, and each genome edited product may have to be assessed on a case-by-case basis. The application of modern molecular biology techniques, in isolation and by targeting just a single alteration, are unlikely to provide unequivocal evidence to the source of that variation, be that as a result of precision breeding or as a result of traditional processes. In specific instances, detection and identification may be technically possible, if enough additional information is available in order to prove that a DNA sequence or sequences are unique to a specific genome edited line (e.g., following certain types of Site-Directed Nucelase-3 (SDN-3) based approaches). The scope, gaps, and limitations associated with traceability of PBO products were examined, to identify current and future challenges. Alongside these, recommendations were made to provide the infrastructure for working towards a toolkit for the design, development and implementation of analytical methods for detection of PBO products. Recognition is given that fully effective methods for PBO detection have yet to be realised, so these recommendations have been made as a tool for progressing the current state-of-the-art for research into such methods. Recommendations for the following five main challenges were identified. Firstly, PBOs submitted for authorisation should be assessed on a case-by-case basis in terms of the extent, type and number of genetic changes, to make an informed decision on the likelihood of a molecular biology method being developed for unequivocal identification of that specific PBO. The second recommendation is that a specialist review be conducted, potentially informed by UK and EU governmental departments, to monitor those PBOs destined for the authorisation process, and actively assess the extent of the genetic variability and mutations, to make an informed decision on the type and complexity of detection methods that need to be developed. This could be further informed as part of the authorisation process and augmented via a publicly available register or database. Thirdly, further specialist research and development, allied with laboratory-based evidence, is required to evaluate the potential of using a weight of evidence approach for the design and development of detection methods for PBOs. This concept centres on using other indicators, aside from the single mutation of interest, to increase the likelihood of providing a unique signature or footprint. This includes consideration of the genetic background, flanking regions, off-target mutations, potential CRISPR/Cas activity, feasibility of heritable epigenetic and epitranscriptomic changes, as well as supplementary material from supplier, origin, pedigree and other documentation. Fourthly, additional work is recommended, evaluating the extent/type/nature of the genetic changes, and assessing the feasibility of applying threshold limits associated with these genetic changes to make any distinction on how they may have occurred. Such a probabilistic approach, supported with bioinformatics, to determine the likelihood of particular changes occurring through genome editing or traditional processes, could facilitate rapid classification and pragmatic labelling of products and organisms containing specific mutations more readily. Finally, several scientific publications on detection of genome edited products have been based on theoretical principles. It is recommended to further qualify these using evidenced based practical experimental work in the laboratory environment. Additional challenges and recommendations regarding the design, development and implementation of potential detection methods were also identified. Modern molecular biology-based techniques, inclusive of qPCR, dPCR, and NGS, in combination with appropriate bioinformatics pipelines, continue to offer the best analytical potential for developing methods for detecting PBOs. dPCR and NGS may offer the best technical potential, but qPCR remains the most practicable option as it is embedded in most analytical laboratories. Traditional screening approaches, similar to those for conventional transgenic GMOs, cannot easily be used for PBOs due to the deficit in common control elements incorporated into the host genome. However, some limited screening may be appropriate for PBOs as part of a triage system, should a priori information be known regarding the sequences of interest. The current deficit of suitable methods to detect and identify PBOs precludes accurate PBO quantification. Development of suitable reference materials to aid in the traceability of PBOs remains an issue, particularly for those PBOs which house on- and off-target mutations which can segregate. Off-target mutations may provide an additional tool to augment methods for detection, but unless these exhibit complete genetic linkage to the sequence of interest, these can also segregate out in resulting generations. Further research should be conducted regarding the likelihood of multiple mutations segregating out in a PBO, to help inform the development of appropriate PBO reference materials, as well as the potential of using off-target mutations as an additional tool for PBO traceability. Whilst recognising the technical challenges of developing and maintaining pan-genomic databases, this report recommends that the UK continues to consider development of such a resource, either as a UK centric version, or ideally through engagement in parallel EU and international activities to better achieve harmonisation and shared responsibilities. Such databases would be an invaluable resource in the design of reliable detection methods, as well as for confirming that a mutation is as a result of genome editing. PBOs and their products show great potential within the agri-food sector, necessitating a science-based analytical framework to support UK legislation, business and consumers. Differentiating between PBOs generated through genome editing compared to organisms which exhibit the same mutational change through traditional processes remains analytically challenging, but a broad set of diagnostic technologies (e.g., qPCR, NGS, dPCR) coupled with pan-genomic databases and bioinformatics approaches may help contribute to filling this analytical gap, and support the safety, transparency, proportionality, traceability and consumer confidence associated with the UK food chain.
5
Romova, Zina, e Martin Andrew. Embedding Learning for Future and Imagined Communities in Portfolio Assessment. Unitec ePress, settembre 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/rsrp.42015.
Abstract (sommario):
In tertiary contexts where adults study writing for future academic purposes, teaching and learning via portfolio provides them with multiple opportunities to create and recreate texts characteristic of their future and imagined discourse communities. This paper discusses the value of portfolios as vehicles for rehearsing membership of what Benedict Anderson (1983) called “imagined communities”, a concept applied by such scholars as Yasuko Kanno and Bonny Norton (2003). Portfolios can achieve this process of apprenticeship to a specialist discourse through reproducing texts similar to the authentic artefacts of those discourse communities (Flowerdew, 2000; Hyland, 2003, 2004). We consider the value of multi-drafting, where learners reflect on the learning of a text type characteristic of the students’ future imagined community. We explore Hamp-Lyons and Condon’s belief (2000) that portfolios “critically engage students and teachers in continual discussion, analysis and evaluation of their processes and progress as writers, as reflected in multiple written products” (p.15). Introduced by a discussion of how theoretical perspectives on learning and assessing writing engage with portfolio production, the study presented here outlines a situated pedagogical approach, where students report on their improvement across three portfolio drafts and assess their learning reflectively. A multicultural group of 41 learners enrolled in the degree-level course Academic Writing [AW] at a tertiary institution in New Zealand took part in a study reflecting on this approach to building awareness of one’s own writing. Focus group interviews with a researcher at the final stage of the programme provided qualitative data, which was transcribed and analysed using textual analysis methods (Ryan and Bernard, 2003). Students identified a range of advantages of teaching and learning AW by portfolio. One of the identified benefits was that the selected text types within the programme were perceived as useful to the students’ immediate futures. This careful choice of target genre was reflected in the overall value of the programme for these learners.
6
Hague, Mathias, Michael Obanubi, Michael Shaw e Geoff Tyler. The development impact of concessional finance to agri-business: a rapid evidence review. Commercial Agriculture for Smallholders and Agribusiness (CASA), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/20240191179.
Abstract (sommario):
The provision of concessional finance has become an increasingly important tool to support enterprise development, especially where financial markets are underdeveloped. For the purposes of this research, concessional finance is defined as that which is extended on terms and/or conditions that are more favourable than those available from the market. This can be achieved, for example, via lower risk adjusted return expectations; terms and conditions that would not be accepted/extended by a commercial financial institution; and/or by providing financing to a borrower/recipient not otherwise served by commercial financing. Risk mitigation tools, guarantees and first-loss products are also included when they are provided on concessional terms. The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) of the United Kingdom (UK) has committed funding to a range of concessional finance investors in the agriculture sector, including significant sums for the CDC Group (the UK's development finance institution), AgDevCo (a specialist agribusiness impact investor), the Global Agriculture and Food Security Program (GAFSP) Private Sector Window, and the Africa Enterprise Challenge Fund (AECF). FCDO also makes smaller contributions to more specialized institutions as well as collaborative interventions with other donors in the agriculture sector. These organizations cover the spectrum of investment themes, from close-to-market interest rates for more established businesses to long-term, low- or no-interest debt with packages of advisory support for early stage or highly innovative business models. They deploy a wide range of instruments, some funded, which includes all types of concessional debt and equity; and others unfunded, which covers risk mitigation tools, guarantees and first-loss products when they are provided on concessional terms. Implementing partners use different methods for monitoring and reporting the performance of the concessional funding provided by donors, using both customized measurement mechanisms or those based on more broadly accepted standards such as the Donor Committee for Enterprise Development (DCED). Research ranges from light touch human interest case studies to more formal longitudinal analysis using rigorous statistical survey methods. Academic institutions are increasingly contributing quality research, particularly to the assessment and understanding of development impact, often in partnership with impact investors. Donors themselves both directly engage in research but also provide the majority of the funding for evidence-based learning in both investors and academia. After more than a decade of concerted investment and innovation in the concessional finance space, particularly in sub Saharan Africa and South Asia, there is increasing interest in understanding whether these interventions are providing the development impacts expected and which financing tools and institutions are most effective for different types of farmer and or food market systems. These lessons will allow good practices to be replicated in future and implementation modalities to be improved to maximize development impact and financial performance.
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Vakaliuk, Tetiana A., Olha V. Korotun e Serhiy O. Semerikov. The selection of cloud services for ER-diagrams construction in IT specialists databases teaching. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, giugno 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4371.
Abstract (sommario):
One of the main aspects of studying databases in higher education institutions by future IT specialists is database design and software product development. This, in turn, is the most important problem of the developer’s interaction with the customer. To facilitate the process of database design, ER-diagrams are used, which are based on the concepts of “Entity” and “Relationship”. An ER diagram allows you to present a database in the form of visual graphical objects that define a specific subject area. The article considers the available cloud services for the construction of ER-diagrams for learning databases of future IT specialists and their selection the method expert evaluation. For this purpose, the criteria and indicators for the selection of cloud services for the construction of ER-diagrams of databases by future information technology specialists have been determined. As a result, it was found that the cloud services Dbdesigner.net and Lucidchart are the most convenient to learn. It is determined that for a teacher of a higher education institution the use of cloud services is an opportunity to use licensed software in education without additional costs.
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Schott, Peter. Do Rich and Poor Countries Specialize in a Different Mix of Goods? Evidence from Product-Level US Trade Data. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, settembre 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8492.
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Vakaliuk, Tetiana A., Valerii V. Kontsedailo, Dmytro S. Antoniuk, Olha V. Korotun, Iryna S. Mintii e Andrey V. Pikilnyak. Using game simulator Software Inc in the Software Engineering education. [б. в.], febbraio 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3762.
Abstract (sommario):
The article presents the possibilities of using game simulator Sotware Inc in the training of future software engineer in higher education. Attention is drawn to some specific settings that need to be taken into account when training in the course of training future software engineers. More and more educational institutions are introducing new teaching methods, which result in the use of engineering students, in particular, future software engineers, to deal with real professional situations in the learning process. The use of modern ICT, including game simulators, in the educational process, allows to improve the quality of educational material and to enhance the educational effects from the use of innovative pedagogical programs and methods, as it gives teachers additional opportunities for constructing individual educational trajectories of students. The use of ICT allows for a differentiated approach to students with different levels of readiness to study. A feature of any software engineer is the need to understand the related subject area for which the software is being developed. An important condition for the preparation of a highly qualified specialist is the independent fulfillment by the student of scientific research, the generation, and implementation of his idea into a finished commercial product. In the process of research, students gain knowledge, skills of the future IT specialist and competences of the legal protection of the results of intellectual activity, technological audit, marketing, product realization in the market of innovations. Note that when the real-world practice is impossible for students, game simulators that simulate real software development processes are an alternative.
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Nosova, Olga. Structural Changes and the Ukrainian Labour Market Organisation. Publishing House - Vilnius Business College, giugno 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57005/ab.2023.1.1.
Abstract (sommario):
The article aims to analyze the structural changes and the Ukrainian labor market organization in the condition of military aggression against Ukraine. The Ukrainian economy encounters the devastating destructions and losses of economic entities, enormous capital, and labor under the effect of military aggression. Structural changes include a change in the industrial structure of production, the destruction of large enterprises, and supply chains, the loss of part of the labor force, and fluctuations between skilled and unskilled jobs. Thus, SMEs in the service sector suffer due to the reduction of the population in cities, which causes both a reduction in demand for certain types of services (hotel and restaurant business, beauty salons, providers of extracurricular educational services, etc.) and a reduction in the supply of highly qualified specialists (IT sector, experts in financial, design and consulting services). Small business because of the war feels caught between the minimum possible sale of their products and reduced demand. The basic research questions are identifying and estimating the urgent needs of the labor market and capital. It will be directed to define sectors that can speed up the process of rebuilding the economy. Diversifying the economy, increasing product/service sophistication, using comparative advantages and transfer of resources (both labor and capital) leads to more productive activities and a rise in well-being.